1
ἐν τῷ ἔτει τῷ δεκάτῳ ἐν τῷ δεκάτῳ μηνὶ μιᾷ τοῦ μηνὸς ἐγένετο λόγος κυρίου πρός με λέγων
In the tenth year, in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me, saying,
The oracle is historically anchored, presenting Egypt's judgment as part of the same concrete geopolitical sequence as Jerusalem and Tyre.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔτειyearN3E DSN · ἔτοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔτος: meaning 'year'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεκάτῳδεκάτῳA1 DSN · δέκατοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδέκατος: meaning 'δεκάτῳ'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεκάτῳdekatosA1 DSM · δέκατοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδέκατος: meaning 'dekatos'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μηνὶmonthN3 DSM · μήνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μιᾷoneA1A DSF · εἷςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ measure or countμιᾷ: meaning 'one'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λόγοςwordN2 NSM · λόγοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πρόςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρός: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγωνsayingV1 · παπνσμ λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ λέγω: meaning 'saying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
2
υἱὲ ἀνθρώπου στήρισον τὸ πρόσωπόν σου ἐπὶ Φαραω βασιλέα Αἰγύπτου καὶ προφήτευσον ἐπ' αὐτὸν καὶ ἐπ' Αἴγυπτον ὅλην
Son of man, set your face against Pharaoh king of Egypt and prophesy against him and against all Egypt,
The prophet is turned directly toward Egypt's ruler and the whole land under his sway.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
υἱὲSonN2 VSM · υἱόςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressυἱός: meaning 'Son'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
στήρισονsteady / strengthenVA AAD2S · στηρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateστηρίζω: meaning 'steady'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρόσωπόνfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΦαραωPharaohN ASM · Φαραώnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΦαραω: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΑἰγύπτουEgyptN2 GSF · Αἴγυπτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰγύπτου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προφήτευσονprophesyVA AAD2S · προφητεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπροφητεύω: meaning 'prophesy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΑἴγυπτονEgyptN2 ASF · Αἴγυπτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΑἴγυπτον: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὅληνwholeA1 ASF · ὅλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅλος: meaning 'whole'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
3
καὶ εἰπόν τάδε λέγει κύριος ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπὶ Φαραω τὸν δράκοντα τὸν μέγαν τὸν ἐγκαθήμενον ἐν μέσῳ ποταμῶν αὐτοῦ τὸν λέγοντα ἐμοί εἰσιν οἱ ποταμοί καὶ ἐγὼ ἐποίησα αὐτούς
and say, Thus says the Lord: Behold, I am against Pharaoh, the great dragon who sits in the midst of his rivers, who says, The rivers are mine, and I made them.
The Nile-world that supports Egypt becomes the setting for Pharaoh's blasphemous self-exaltation.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰπόνεἰπόνVB AAD2S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεἶπον: meaning 'εἰπόν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τάδεthisRD APN · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΦαραωPharaohN ASM · Φαραώnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΦαραω: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δράκονταdragonN3 ASM · δράκωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδράκων: meaning 'dragon'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέγανgreatA1P ASM · μέγαςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐγκαθήμενονsitting enthronedV5 · πμπασμ ἧμαι + ἐν + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπασμ ἧμαι + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'sitting enthroned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ποταμῶνriverN2 GPM · ποταμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λέγονταsayV1 · παπασμ λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασμ λέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμοίIRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐμοί: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰσινareV9 PAI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'are'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποταμοίriversN2 NPM · ποταμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceποταμός: meaning 'rivers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐποίησαdo / makeVAI AAI1S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
4
καὶ ἐγὼ δώσω παγίδας εἰς τὰς σιαγόνας σου καὶ προσκολλήσω τοὺς ἰχθῦς τοῦ ποταμοῦ σου πρὸς τὰς πτέρυγάς σου καὶ ἀνάξω σε ἐκ μέσου τοῦ ποταμοῦ σου καὶ πάντας τοὺς ἰχθύας τοῦ ποταμοῦ σου
And I will put hooks into your jaws and make the fish of your river cling to your fins, and I will bring you up from the midst of your river, and all the fish of your river with you.
Pharaoh is treated like a captured beast, and those attached to his system are hauled up with him.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
παγίδαςsnaresN3D APF · παγίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπαγίς: meaning 'snares'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σιαγόναςcheeksN3N APF · σιαγώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσιαγών: meaning 'cheeks'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσκολλήσωπροσκολλήσωVF FAI1S · κολλάω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκολλάω + προς: meaning 'προσκολλήσω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰχθῦςἰχθῦςN3U APM · ἰχθύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἰχθύς: meaning 'ἰχθῦς'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποταμοῦriverN2 GSM · ποταμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πτέρυγάςπτέρυγάςN3G APF · πτέρυξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπτέρυξ: meaning 'πτέρυγάς'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνάξωἀνάξωVF FAI1S · ἄγω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἄγω + ἀνα: meaning 'ἀνάξω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μέσουthe midstA1 GSM · μέσοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμέσος: meaning 'the midst'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποταμοῦriverN2 GSM · ποταμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰχθύαςfishN3U APM · ἰχθύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἰχθύς: meaning 'fish'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποταμοῦriverN2 GSM · ποταμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
καὶ καταβαλῶ σε ἐν τάχει καὶ πάντας τοὺς ἰχθύας τοῦ ποταμοῦ σου ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τοῦ πεδίου πεσῇ καὶ οὐ μὴ συναχθῇς καὶ οὐ μὴ περισταλῇς τοῖς θηρίοις τῆς γῆς καὶ τοῖς πετεινοῖς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ δέδωκά σε εἰς κατάβρωμα
And I will cast you down in haste, and all the fish of your river, upon the face of the field; you shall fall and not be gathered nor wrapped up; to the beasts of the earth and to the birds of heaven I have given you for food.
The ruler who boasted in river security becomes exposed carrion, denied honorable recovery.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταβαλῶκαταβαλῶVF2 FAI1S · βάλλω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureβάλλω + κατα: meaning 'καταβαλῶ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τάχειquicklyA3U DSM · ταχύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceταχύς: meaning 'quickly'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰχθύαςfishN3U APM · ἰχθύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἰχθύς: meaning 'fish'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποταμοῦriverN2 GSM · ποταμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πρόσωπονface / presenceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πεδίουfield / plainN2N GSN · πεδίονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπεδίον: meaning 'field'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πεσῇfellVF FMI2S · πίπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίπτω: meaning 'fell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συναχθῇςσυναχθῇςVQ APS2S · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἄγω + συν: meaning 'συναχθῇς'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περισταλῇςπερισταλῇςVD APS2S · στέλλω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyστέλλω + περι: meaning 'περισταλῇς'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θηρίοιςwild beastN2N DPN · θηρίονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθηρίον: meaning 'wild beast'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πετεινοῖςbirdN2N DPN · πετεινόνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπετεινόν: meaning 'bird'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δέδωκάgiveVX XAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κατάβρωμαfoodN3M ASN · κατάβρωμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκατάβρωμα: meaning 'food'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
6
καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες Αἴγυπτον ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος ἀνθ' ὧν ἐγενήθης ῥάβδος καλαμίνη τῷ οἴκῳ Ισραηλ
And all those dwelling in Egypt shall know that I am the Lord, because you became a reed-staff to the house of Israel.
The recognition formula is linked not only to pride but to Egypt's treacherous unreliability as an ally.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνώσονταιwill knowVF FMI3P · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'will know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατοικοῦντεςdwellingV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ οἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'dwelling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΑἴγυπτονEgyptN2 ASF · Αἴγυπτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΑἴγυπτον: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγώIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγώ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰμιamV9 PAI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'am'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνθ'instead of / in place ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀνθ': meaning 'instead of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὧνwhichRR GPM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὧν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐγενήθηςyou have becomeVCI API2S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'you have become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ῥάβδοςstaffN2 NSF · ῥάβδοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceῥάβδος: meaning 'staff'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καλαμίνηreedA1 NSF · καλάμινοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαλάμινος: meaning 'reed'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
7
ὅτε ἐπελάβοντό σου τῇ χειρὶ αὐτῶν ἐθλάσθης καὶ ὅτε ἐπεκράτησεν ἐπ' αὐτοὺς πᾶσα χεὶρ καὶ ὅτε ἐπανεπαύσαντο ἐπὶ σέ συνετρίβης καὶ συνέκλασας αὐτῶν πᾶσαν ὀσφύν
When they took hold of you with their hand, you were shattered, and when every hand held fast upon you, when they leaned upon you, you were broken and shattered all their loins.
Egypt injured those who relied on it, proving itself destructive in the very act of seeming supportive.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτε: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπελάβοντόἐπελάβοντόVBI AMI3P · λαμβάνω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλαμβάνω + ἐπι: meaning 'ἐπελάβοντό'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐθλάσθηςyou were shatteredVCI API2S · θλάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθλάω: meaning 'you were shattered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτε: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπεκράτησενἐπεκράτησενVAI AAI3S · κρατέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκρατέω + ἐπι: meaning 'ἐπεκράτησεν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
χεὶρhandN3 NSF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτε: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπανεπαύσαντοἐπανεπαύσαντοVAI AMI3P · παύω + ἐπι + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπαύω + ἐπι + ἀνα: meaning 'ἐπανεπαύσαντο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σέyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσέ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
συνετρίβηςσυνετρίβηςVDI API2S · τρίβω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτρίβω + συν: meaning 'συνετρίβης'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνέκλασαςσυνέκλασαςVAI AAI2S · κλάζω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκλάζω + συν: meaning 'συνέκλασας'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πᾶσανallA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὀσφύνloinN3U ASF · ὀσφύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀσφύς: meaning 'loin'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
8
διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει κύριος ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπάγω ἐπὶ σὲ ῥομφαίαν καὶ ἀπολῶ ἀνθρώπους ἀπὸ σοῦ καὶ κτήνη
Therefore thus says the Lord: Behold, I am bringing a sword against you and will destroy from you human beings and cattle.
The sentence broadens from Pharaoh personally to the whole land and its life.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τάδεthisRD APN · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπάγωbring uponV1 PAI1S · ἄγω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἄγω + ἐπι: meaning 'bring upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σὲyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσὲ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ῥομφαίανswordN1A ASF · ῥομφαίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationῥομφαία: meaning 'sword'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπολῶI will destroyVF2 FAI1S · ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'I will destroy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνθρώπουςpeopleN2 APM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κτήνηcattleN3E APN · κτῆνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκτῆνος: meaning 'cattle'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
9
καὶ ἔσται ἡ γῆ Αἰγύπτου ἀπώλεια καὶ ἔρημος καὶ γνώσονται ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος ἀντὶ τοῦ λέγειν σε οἱ ποταμοὶ ἐμοί εἰσιν καὶ ἐγὼ ἐποίησα αὐτούς
And the land of Egypt shall become destruction and desolation, and they shall know that I am the Lord, because you said, The rivers are mine and I made them.
The land itself is judged in proportion to Pharaoh's claim of autonomous sovereignty.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆlandN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΑἰγύπτουEgyptN2 GSF · Αἴγυπτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰγύπτου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀπώλειαdestructionN1A NSF · ἀπώλειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔρημοςἔρημοςA1B NSF · ἔρημοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔρημος: meaning 'ἔρημος'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνώσονταιwill knowVF FMI3P · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'will know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγώIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγώ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰμιamV9 PAI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'am'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀντὶinstead ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀντὶ: meaning 'instead of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λέγεινto sayV1 PAN · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementλέγω: meaning 'to say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποταμοὶriverN2 NPM · ποταμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐμοίIRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐμοί: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰσινareV9 PAI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'are'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐποίησαdo / makeVAI AAI1S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
10
διὰ τοῦτο ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπὶ σὲ καὶ ἐπὶ πάντας τοὺς ποταμούς σου καὶ δώσω γῆν Αἰγύπτου εἰς ἔρημον καὶ ῥομφαίαν καὶ ἀπώλειαν ἀπὸ Μαγδώλου καὶ Συήνης καὶ ἕως ὁρίων Αἰθιόπων
Therefore behold, I am against you and against all your rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt a wilderness and sword and destruction from Migdol and Syene even to the borders of Ethiopia.
The oracle names the land from one end to the other, showing the comprehensive reach of the sentence.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σὲyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσὲ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποταμούςriverN2 APM · ποταμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΑἰγύπτουEgyptN2 GSF · Αἴγυπτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰγύπτου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἔρημονdesolateN2 ASF · ἔρημοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔρημος: meaning 'desolate'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ῥομφαίανswordN1A ASF · ῥομφαίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationῥομφαία: meaning 'sword'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπώλειανdestructionN1A ASF · ἀπώλειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΜαγδώλουMigdolN2 GS · Μάγδωλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΜαγδώλου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΣυήνηςSyeneN1 GSF · Συήνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΣυήνης: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁρίωνbordersN2N GPN · ὅριονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὅριον: meaning 'borders'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΑἰθιόπωνEthiopiansN3P GPM · Αἰθίοψgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰθιόπων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
11
οὐ μὴ διέλθῃ ἐν αὐτῇ ποὺς ἀνθρώπου καὶ ποὺς κτήνους οὐ μὴ διέλθῃ αὐτήν καὶ οὐ κατοικηθήσεται τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη
The foot of man shall not pass through it, and the foot of beast shall not pass through it, and it shall not be inhabited for forty years.
Egypt's emptiness is stressed by the absence of both human and animal traffic.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διέλθῃpasses throughVB AAS3S · ἔρχομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι + δια: meaning 'passes through'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποὺςfootN3D NSM · πούςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποὺςfootN3D NSM · πούςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κτήνουςof the beastN3E GSN · κτῆνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκτῆνος: meaning 'of the beast'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διέλθῃpasses throughVB AAS3S · ἔρχομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι + δια: meaning 'passes through'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτήν: meaning 'her'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατοικηθήσεταιdwellVC FPI3S · οἰκέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'dwell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεσσαράκονταfortyM · τεσσαράκονταadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτεσσαράκοντα: meaning 'forty'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτηyearsN3E APN · ἔτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔτος: meaning 'years'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
12
καὶ δώσω τὴν γῆν αὐτῆς ἀπώλειαν ἐν μέσῳ γῆς ἠρημωμένης καὶ αἱ πόλεις αὐτῆς ἐν μέσῳ πόλεων ἠρημωμένων ἔσονται τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη καὶ διασπερῶ Αἴγυπτον ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν καὶ λικμήσω αὐτοὺς εἰς τὰς χώρας
And I will make her land a desolation in the midst of desolated land, and her cities in the midst of cities laid waste shall be desolate forty years, and I will scatter Egypt among the nations and winnow them into the countries.
The judgment combines land-ruin with diaspora, placing Egypt under a pattern Israel itself had known.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπώλειανdestructionN1A ASF · ἀπώλειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἠρημωμένηςἠρημωμένηςVM · χππγσφ ἐρημόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχππγσφ ἐρημόω: meaning 'ἠρημωμένης'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόλειςcitiesN3I NPF · πόλιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπόλις: meaning 'cities'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πόλεωνcityN3I GPF · πόλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἠρημωμένωνἠρημωμένωνVM · χππγπφ ἐρημόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχππγπφ ἐρημόω: meaning 'ἠρημωμένων'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔσονταιbeVF FMI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεσσαράκονταfortyM · τεσσαράκονταadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτεσσαράκοντα: meaning 'forty'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτηyearsN3E APN · ἔτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔτος: meaning 'years'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διασπερῶI will scatterVF2 FAI1S · σπείρω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσπείρω + δια: meaning 'I will scatter'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΑἴγυπτονEgyptN2 ASF · Αἴγυπτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΑἴγυπτον: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνεσινnationN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λικμήσωI will winnowVF FAI1S · λικμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλικμάω: meaning 'I will winnow'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χώραςcountriesN1A APF · χώραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχώρα: meaning 'countries'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
13
τάδε λέγει κύριος μετὰ τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη συνάξω τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ἀπὸ τῶν ἐθνῶν οὗ διεσκορπίσθησαν ἐκεῖ
Thus says the Lord: After forty years I will gather the Egyptians from the nations where they were scattered there,
The sentence is not absolute annihilation; Egypt too receives a bounded restoration after exile.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
τάδεthisRD APN · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τεσσαράκονταfortyM · τεσσαράκονταadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτεσσαράκοντα: meaning 'forty'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτηyearsN3E APN · ἔτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔτος: meaning 'years'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
συνάξωgatherVF FAI1S · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑἰγυπτίουςEgyptianN2 APM · Αἰγύπτιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΑἰγυπτίους: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationοὗ: meaning 'where'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διεσκορπίσθησανδιεσκορπίσθησανVCI API3P · σκορπίζω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσκορπίζω + δια: meaning 'διεσκορπίσθησαν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
14
καὶ ἀποστρέψω τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ κατοικίσω αὐτοὺς ἐν γῇ Παθουρης ἐν τῇ γῇ ὅθεν ἐλήμφθησαν καὶ ἔσται ἀρχὴ ταπεινὴ
and I will turn back the captivity of the Egyptians and settle them in the land of Pathros, in the land from which they were taken, and it shall be a lowly principality.
Restoration does not reverse the humiliation; it establishes Egypt in a permanently reduced state.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποστρέψωreturnedVF FAI1S · στρέφω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureστρέφω + ἀπο: meaning 'returned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰχμαλωσίανcaptivityN1A ASF · αἰχμαλωσίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰχμαλωσία: meaning 'captivity'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑἰγυπτίωνEgyptiansN2 GPM · Αἰγύπτιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰγυπτίων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατοικίσωκατοικίσωVF FAI1S · οἰκίζω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοἰκίζω + κατα: meaning 'κατοικίσω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γῇlandN1 DSF · γῆdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΠαθουρηςPathrosN GSF · Παθουρηςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΠαθουρης: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῇlandN1 DSF · γῆdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὅθενthereforeD · ὅθενadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅθεν: meaning 'therefore'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλήμφθησανἐλήμφθησανVVI API3P · λαμβάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλαμβάνω: meaning 'ἐλήμφθησαν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀρχὴdominionsN1 NSF · ἀρχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀρχή: meaning 'dominions'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ταπεινὴafflictedA1 NSF · ταπεινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceταπεινός: meaning 'afflicted'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
15
παρὰ πάσας τὰς ἀρχάς οὐ μὴ ὑψωθῇ ἔτι ἐπὶ τὰ ἔθνη καὶ ὀλιγοστοὺς αὐτοὺς ποιήσω τοῦ μὴ εἶναι αὐτοὺς πλείονας ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν
Beyond all principalities it shall no longer be exalted above the nations, and I will make them few so that they may no longer be many among the nations.
The Lord allows survival but forbids renewed imperial pretension.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πάσαςallA1S APF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀρχάςrulersN1 APF · ἀρχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀρχή: meaning 'rulers'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψωθῇὑψωθῇVC APS3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyὑψόω: meaning 'ὑψωθῇ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἔτι: meaning 'still'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀλιγοστοὺςfewA1 APM · ὀλιγοστόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀλιγοστός: meaning 'few'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποιήσωdo / makeVF FAI1S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶναιto beV9 PAN · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementεἰμί: meaning 'to be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πλείοναςπλείοναςA3C APM · πολύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπολύς: meaning 'πλείονας'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνεσινnationN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
16
καὶ οὐκέτι ἔσονται τῷ οἴκῳ Ισραηλ εἰς ἐλπίδα ἀναμιμνῄσκουσαν ἀνομίαν ἐν τῷ αὐτοὺς ἀκολουθῆσαι ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ γνώσονται ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος
And they shall no longer be to the house of Israel a hope recalling lawlessness, when they follow after them, and they shall know that I am the Lord.
The humbling of Egypt serves Israel as well, removing a recurring temptation to trust foreign power.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκέτιno longerD · οὐκέτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκέτι: meaning 'no longer'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσονταιbeVF FMI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐλπίδαhopeN3D ASF · ἐλπίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀναμιμνῄσκουσανrecallingV1 · παπασφ μιμνήσκω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασφ μιμνήσκω + ἀνα: meaning 'recalling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνομίανiniquitiesN1A ASF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνομία: meaning 'iniquities'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀκολουθῆσαιfollowVA AAN · ἀκολουθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἀκολουθέω: meaning 'follow'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὀπίσωafter / behindP · ὀπίσωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὀπίσω: meaning 'after'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνώσονταιwill knowVF FMI3P · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'will know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγώIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγώ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰμιamV9 PAI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'am'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
17
καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ καὶ εἰκοστῷ ἔτει μιᾷ τοῦ μηνὸς τοῦ πρώτου ἐγένετο λόγος κυρίου πρός με λέγων
And it came to pass in the twenty-seventh year, on the first day of the first month, the word of the Lord came to me, saying,
It closes with a second, later oracle that interprets international events through divine recompense.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑβδόμῳseventhA1 DSN · ἕβδομοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἕβδομος: meaning 'seventh'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰκοστῷεἰκοστῷA1 DSN · εἰκοστόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεἰκοστός: meaning 'εἰκοστῷ'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔτειyearN3E DSN · ἔτοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔτος: meaning 'year'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μιᾷoneA1A DSF · εἷςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ measure or countμιᾷ: meaning 'one'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρώτουfirstA1 GSMS · πρῶτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρῶτος: meaning 'first'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λόγοςwordN2 NSM · λόγοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πρόςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρός: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγωνsayingV1 · παπνσμ λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ λέγω: meaning 'saying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
18
υἱὲ ἀνθρώπου Ναβουχοδονοσορ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος κατεδουλώσατο αὐτοῦ τὴν δύναμιν δουλείᾳ μεγάλῃ ἐπὶ Τύρου πᾶσα κεφαλὴ φαλακρὰ καὶ πᾶς ὦμος μαδῶν καὶ μισθὸς οὐκ ἐγενήθη αὐτῷ καὶ τῇ δυνάμει αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ Τύρου καὶ τῆς δουλείας ἧς ἐδούλευσαν ἐπ' αὐτήν
Son of man, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon made his force labor with great labor against Tyre; every head was made bald and every shoulder rubbed bare, yet wages did not come to him or to his force from Tyre for the labor they labored against it.
The Lord notices imperial toil itself and interprets history as a field where wages and reward can be reassigned.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
υἱὲSonN2 VSM · υἱόςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressυἱός: meaning 'Son'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΝαβουχοδονοσορNebuchadnezzarN NSM · Ναβουχοδονοσορnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΝαβουχοδονοσορ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΒαβυλῶνοςBabylonN3W GSF · Βαβυλώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΒαβυλῶνος: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κατεδουλώσατοmade serve/laborVAI AMI3S · δουλόω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδουλόω + κατα: meaning 'made serve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δύναμινforce / powerN3I ASF · δύναμιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδύναμις: meaning 'force'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δουλείᾳdoyleiaN1A DSF · δουλείαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδουλεία: meaning 'doyleia'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μεγάλῃgreatA1 DSF · μέγαςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΤύρουTyreN2 GSF · Τύροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΤύρου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κεφαλὴheadN1 NSF · κεφαλήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκεφαλή: meaning 'head'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
φαλακρὰφαλακρὰA1A NSF · φαλακρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφαλακρός: meaning 'φαλακρὰ'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶςeveryoneA3 NSM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'everyone'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὦμοςὦμοςN2 NSM · ὦμοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὦμος: meaning 'ὦμος'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μαδῶνrubbed bareV3 · παπνσμ μαδάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ μαδάω: meaning 'rubbed bare'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μισθὸςrewardN2 NSM · μισθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμισθός: meaning 'reward'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγενήθηbecome / happenVCI API3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνάμειstrengthN3I DSF · δύναμιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδύναμις: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΤύρουTyreN2 GSF · Τύροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΤύρου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δουλείαςslaveryN1A GSF · δουλείαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδουλεία: meaning 'slavery'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἧςwho / whichRR GSF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἧς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐδούλευσανserveVAI AAI3P · δουλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδουλεύω: meaning 'serve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτήν: meaning 'her'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
19
τάδε λέγει κύριος κύριος ἰδοὺ δίδωμι τῷ Ναβουχοδονοσορ βασιλεῖ Βαβυλῶνος γῆν Αἰγύπτου καὶ προνομεύσει τὴν προνομὴν αὐτῆς καὶ σκυλεύσει τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῆς καὶ ἔσται μισθὸς τῇ δυνάμει αὐτοῦ
Thus says the Lord: Behold, I am giving to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon the land of Egypt, and he shall plunder its spoil and strip its spoils, and it shall be wages for his force.
The transfer of Egypt to Babylon is framed not merely as conquest but as payment allotted by the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
τάδεthisRD APN · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δίδωμιI giveV8 PAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processδίδωμι: meaning 'I give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΝαβουχοδονοσορNebuchadnezzarN DSM · Ναβουχοδονοσορnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΝαβουχοδονοσορ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΒαβυλῶνοςBabylonN3W GSF · Βαβυλώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΒαβυλῶνος: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΑἰγύπτουEgyptN2 GSF · Αἴγυπτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰγύπτου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προνομεύσειhe shall plunderVF FAI3S · νομεύω + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureνομεύω + προ: meaning 'he shall plunder'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προνομὴνπρονομήN1 ASF · προνομήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρονομή: meaning 'προνομή'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκυλεύσειhe shall despoilVF FAI3S · σκυλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσκυλεύω: meaning 'he shall despoil'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκῦλαspoilsN2N APN · σκῦλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσκῦλον: meaning 'spoils'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μισθὸςrewardN2 NSM · μισθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμισθός: meaning 'reward'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνάμειstrengthN3I DSF · δύναμιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδύναμις: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
20
ἀντὶ τῆς λειτουργίας αὐτοῦ ἧς ἐδούλευσεν ἐπὶ Τύρον δέδωκα αὐτῷ γῆν Αἰγύπτου τάδε λέγει κύριος κύριος
In place of the service with which he served against Tyre I have given him the land of Egypt, says the Lord.
The oracle makes plain that the Lord directs even the reward structure of world empires.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἀντὶinstead ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀντὶ: meaning 'instead of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λειτουργίαςservice / ministryN1A GSF · λειτουργίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλειτουργία: meaning 'service'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἧςwho / whichRR GSF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἧς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐδούλευσενservedVAI AAI3S · δουλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδουλεύω: meaning 'served'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΤύρονTyreN2 ASF · Τύροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΤύρον: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δέδωκαgiveVX XAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΑἰγύπτουEgyptN2 GSF · Αἴγυπτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΑἰγύπτου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τάδεthisRD APN · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
21
ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἀνατελεῖ κέρας παντὶ τῷ οἴκῳ Ισραηλ καὶ σοὶ δώσω στόμα ἀνεῳγμένον ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν καὶ γνώσονται ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος
In that day a horn shall spring up for all the house of Israel, and to you I will give an opened mouth in their midst, and they shall know that I am the Lord.
It ends by tying Egypt's judgment to Israel's renewal and to a renewed prophetic openness in Ezekiel.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐκείνῃ: meaning 'that'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀνατελεῖshall riseVF2 FAI3S · τέλλω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureτέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'shall rise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κέραςhornN3T NSN · κέραςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκέρας: meaning 'horn'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παντὶallA3 DSM · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοὶyouRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοὶ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
στόμαmouthN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀνεῳγμένονopenedVK · χμπασμ οἴγω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπασμ οἴγω + ἀνα: meaning 'opened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνώσονταιwill knowVF FMI3P · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'will know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγώIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγώ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰμιamV9 PAI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'am'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.