1
αλληλουια ἐν ἐξόδῳ Ισραηλ ἐξ Αἰγύπτου οἴκου Ιακωβ ἐκ λαοῦ βαρβάρου
Hallelujah. At Israel's departure from Egypt, the house of Jacob from a barbarous people,
The psalm opens by locating praise in the foundational exodus departure.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
αλληλουιαhallelujahI ALLHLOUIAadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastαλληλουια: meaning 'hallelujah'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐξόδῳdepartureN2 DSF · ἔξοδοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔξοδος: meaning 'departure'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΑἰγύπτουEgyptN2 GSF · Αἴγυπτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationΑἰγύπτου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙακωβJacobN GSM · Ἰακώβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙακωβ: meaning 'Jacob'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
βαρβάρουforeignA1B GSM · βάρβαροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβάρβαρος: meaning 'foreign'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
2
ἐγενήθη Ιουδαία ἁγίασμα αὐτοῦ Ισραηλ ἐξουσία αὐτοῦ
Judah became his sanctuary, Israel his dominion.
The redeemed people are redefined as holy space and royal domain.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ἐγενήθηbecomeVCI API3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙουδαίαJudahN1A NSF · Ἰουδαίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceΙουδαία: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἁγίασμαsanctuaryN3M NSN · ἁγίασμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἁγίασμα: meaning 'sanctuary'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΙσραηλIsraelN NSM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξουσίαdominionN1A NSF · ἐξουσίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐξουσία: meaning 'dominion'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
ἡ θάλασσα εἶδεν καὶ ἔφυγεν ὁ Ιορδάνης ἐστράφη εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω
The sea saw and fled; the Jordan turned back.
Waters respond dramatically to the Lord who leads his people.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θάλασσαseaN1S NSF · θάλασσαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθάλασσα: meaning 'sea'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἶδενsawVBI AAI3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὁράω: meaning 'saw'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔφυγενfledVBI AAI3S · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφεύγω: meaning 'fled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙορδάνηςιορδάνηςN1M NSM · Ιορδάνηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceΙορδάνης: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστράφηturned backVDI API3S · στρέφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristστρέφω: meaning 'turned back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀπίσωbackP · ὀπίσωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὀπίσω: meaning 'back'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
4
τὰ ὄρη ἐσκίρτησαν ὡσεὶ κριοὶ καὶ οἱ βουνοὶ ὡς ἀρνία προβάτων
The mountains skipped like rams, and the hills like lambs of sheep.
The natural order is pictured as leaping before the divine presence.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄρηmountainsN3E NPN · ὄροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐσκίρτησανskippedVAI AAI3P · σκιρτάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσκιρτάω: meaning 'skipped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡσεὶlikeX · ὡσείadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κριοὶramsN2 NPM · κριόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκριός: meaning 'rams'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουνοὶhillsN2 NPM · βουνόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβουνός: meaning 'hills'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςlikeX · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀρνίαlambsN2N NPN · ἀρνίονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀρνίον: meaning 'lambs'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
προβάτωνsheepN2N GPN · πρόβατονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρόβατον: meaning 'sheep'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
5
τί σοί ἐστιν θάλασσα ὅτι ἔφυγες καὶ σοί Ιορδάνη ὅτι ἀνεχώρησας εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω
What is the matter with you, sea, that you fled, and with you, Jordan, that you turned back?
The poet interrogates creation to underscore the wonder of the exodus signs.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σοίto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοί: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θάλασσαseaN1S NSF · θάλασσαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθάλασσα: meaning 'sea'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔφυγεςfledVBI AAI2S · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφεύγω: meaning 'fled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοίto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοί: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΙορδάνηιορδάνηN1M VSM · Ιορδάνηςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressΙορδάνη: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνεχώρησαςχωρέω ἀναVAI AAI2S · χωρέω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristχωρέω + ἀνα: meaning 'χωρέω ἀνα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀπίσωbackP · ὀπίσωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὀπίσω: meaning 'back'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
6
τὰ ὄρη ὅτι ἐσκιρτήσατε ὡσεὶ κριοί καὶ οἱ βουνοὶ ὡς ἀρνία προβάτων
And you mountains, that you skipped like rams, and you hills, like lambs of sheep?
The questioning extends from waters to heights, keeping the cosmic astonishment in view.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄρηmountainsN3E APN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐσκιρτήσατεskippedVAI AAI2P · σκιρτάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσκιρτάω: meaning 'skipped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡσεὶlikeX · ὡσείadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κριοίramsN2 NPM · κριόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκριός: meaning 'rams'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουνοὶhillsN2 NPM · βουνόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβουνός: meaning 'hills'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςlikeX · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀρνίαlambsN2N NPN · ἀρνίονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀρνίον: meaning 'lambs'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
προβάτωνsheepN2N GPN · πρόβατονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρόβατον: meaning 'sheep'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
7
ἀπὸ προσώπου κυρίου ἐσαλεύθη ἡ γῆ ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ θεοῦ Ιακωβ
From before the Lord the earth was shaken, from before the God of Jacob,
The answer is simple: the earth trembles before Israel's God.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἀπὸfrom beforeP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
προσώπουπροσώπουN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'προσώπου'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐσαλεύθηἐσαλεύθηVCI API3S · σαλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσαλεύω: meaning 'ἐσαλεύθη'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆγῆN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'γῆ'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπὸfrom beforeP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
προσώπουπροσώπουN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'προσώπου'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙακωβJacobN GSM · Ἰακώβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙακωβ: meaning 'Jacob'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
8
τοῦ στρέψαντος τὴν πέτραν εἰς λίμνας ὑδάτων καὶ τὴν ἀκρότομον εἰς πηγὰς ὑδάτων
who turned the rock into pools of waters, and the flint into springs of waters.
The same Lord who shakes creation also supplies life from stone in the wilderness.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στρέψαντοςστρέψαντοςVA · ααπγσμ στρέφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπγσμ στρέφω: meaning 'στρέψαντος'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πέτρανrockN1A ASF · πέτραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπέτρα: meaning 'rock'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λίμναςpoolsN1 APF · λίμνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλίμνη: meaning 'pools'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑδάτωνwatersN3T GPN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'waters'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀκρότομονflintA1B ASF · ἀκρότομοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀκρότομος: meaning 'flint'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πηγὰςspringsN1 APF · πηγήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπηγή: meaning 'springs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑδάτωνwatersN3T GPN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'waters'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
9
μὴ ἡμῖν κύριε μὴ ἡμῖν ἀλλ' ἢ τῷ ὀνόματί σου δὸς δόξαν ἐπὶ τῷ ἐλέει σου καὶ τῇ ἀληθείᾳ σου
Not to us, O Lord, not to us, but to your name give glory, because of your mercy and your truth.
The psalm pivots from memory to worship that refuses self-glory and seeks honor for the divine name.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἢthanC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'than'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷto theRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀνόματίnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷto theRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέειmercyN3E DSN · ἔλεοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇτῇRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀληθείᾳtruthN1A DSF · ἀλήθειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀλήθεια: meaning 'truth'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
10
μήποτε εἴπωσιν τὰ ἔθνη ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς αὐτῶν
Lest the nations ever say, “Where is their God?”
The prayer asks that the Lord's honor be publicly vindicated before the nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
μήποτεlestD · μήποτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμήποτε: meaning 'lest'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴπωσινsaidVB AAS3P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ποῦwhereD · ποῦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastποῦ: meaning 'where'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
11
ὁ δὲ θεὸς ἡμῶν ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ ἄνω ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ ἐν τῇ γῇ πάντα ὅσα ἠθέλησεν ἐποίησεν
But our God is in heaven above, in the heavens and on the earth; all that he willed, he did.
Israel confesses the Lord as transcendent and utterly effective in action.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανῷheavenN2 DSM · οὐρανόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἄνωaboveD · ἄνωadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἄνω: meaning 'above'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανοῖςheavenN2 DPM · οὐρανόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇτῇRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῇγῇN1 DSF · γῆdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγῆ: meaning 'γῇ'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὅσαὅσαA1 APN · ὅσοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅσος: meaning 'ὅσα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἠθέλησενwilledVAI AAI3S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθέλω: meaning 'willed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐποίησενmadeVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'made'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
12
τὰ εἴδωλα τῶν ἐθνῶν ἀργύριον καὶ χρυσίον ἔργα χειρῶν ἀνθρώπων
The idols of the nations are silver and gold, the works of human hands.
The psalm reduces the gods of the nations to crafted matter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἴδωλαidolsN2N NPN · εἴδωλονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεἴδωλον: meaning 'idols'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνof theRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐθνῶνnationsN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N NSN · ἀργύριονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χρυσίονgoldN2N NSN · χρυσίονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχρυσίον: meaning 'gold'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔργαworksN2N NPN · ἔργονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
χειρῶνhandsN3 GPF · χείρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχείρ: meaning 'hands'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀνθρώπωνhumanN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'human'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
13
στόμα ἔχουσιν καὶ οὐ λαλήσουσιν ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχουσιν καὶ οὐκ ὄψονται
They have a mouth, and they will not speak; they have eyes, and they will not see.
Idols possess features without living agency.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
στόμαmouthN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔχουσινἔχουσινV1 PAI3P · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω: meaning 'ἔχουσιν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαλήσουσινspeakVF FAI3P · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὀφθαλμοὺςeyesN2 APM · ὀφθαλμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔχουσινἔχουσινV1 PAI3P · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω: meaning 'ἔχουσιν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄψονταιsawVF FMI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'saw'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
14
ὦτα ἔχουσιν καὶ οὐκ ἀκούσονται ῥῖνας ἔχουσιν καὶ οὐκ ὀσφρανθήσονται
They have ears, and they will not hear; they have noses, and they will not smell.
The critique continues by listing the idols' sensory impotence.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὦταearN3T APN · οὖςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοὖς: meaning 'ear'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔχουσινἔχουσινV1 PAI3P · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω: meaning 'ἔχουσιν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκούσονταιhearVF FMI3P · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ῥῖναςnosesN3 APF · ῥίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationῥίς: meaning 'noses'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔχουσινἔχουσινV1 PAI3P · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω: meaning 'ἔχουσιν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀσφρανθήσονταιsmellVC FPI3P · ὀσφραίνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὀσφραίνομαι: meaning 'smell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
15
χεῖρας ἔχουσιν καὶ οὐ ψηλαφήσουσιν πόδας ἔχουσιν καὶ οὐ περιπατήσουσιν οὐ φωνήσουσιν ἐν τῷ λάρυγγι αὐτῶν
They have hands, and they will not feel; they have feet, and they will not walk; they will make no sound in their throat.
The inventory reaches touch, movement, and voice, exposing complete lifelessness.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχείρ: meaning 'hands'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔχουσινἔχουσινV1 PAI3P · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω: meaning 'ἔχουσιν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ψηλαφήσουσινfeelVF FAI3P · ψηλαφάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureψηλαφάω: meaning 'feel'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πόδαςfeetN3D APM · πούςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπούς: meaning 'feet'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔχουσινἔχουσινV1 PAI3P · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω: meaning 'ἔχουσιν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιπατήσουσινπατέω περιVF FAI3P · πατέω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπατέω + περι: meaning 'πατέω περι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φωνήσουσινsoundVF FAI3P · φωνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφωνέω: meaning 'sound'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λάρυγγιthroatN3G DSM · λάρυγξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλάρυγξ: meaning 'throat'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
16
ὅμοιοι αὐτοῖς γένοιντο οἱ ποιοῦντες αὐτὰ καὶ πάντες οἱ πεποιθότες ἐπ' αὐτοῖς
May those who make them become like them, and all who have put their confidence in them.
Those who fashion and trust idols are warned that worship reshapes the worshiper.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὅμοιοιlikeA1A NPM · ὅμοιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὅμοιος: meaning 'like'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γένοιντοbecomeVB AMO3P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιοῦντεςποιοῦντεςV2 · παπνπμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ποιέω: meaning 'ποιοῦντες'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὰthemRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὰ: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πεποιθότεςπεποιθότεςVX · χαπνπμ πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχαπνπμ πείθω: meaning 'πεποιθότες'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
17
οἶκος Ισραηλ ἤλπισεν ἐπὶ κύριον βοηθὸς αὐτῶν καὶ ὑπερασπιστὴς αὐτῶν ἐστιν
The house of Israel hoped in the Lord; he is their helper and their defender.
Trust is redirected to the Lord as Israel's real source of aid and protection.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἤλπισενhopedVAI AAI3S · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐλπίζω: meaning 'hoped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βοηθὸςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβοηθός: meaning 'helper'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπερασπιστὴςdefenderN1M NSM · ὑπερασπιστήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑπερασπιστής: meaning 'defender'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
18
οἶκος Ααρων ἤλπισεν ἐπὶ κύριον βοηθὸς αὐτῶν καὶ ὑπερασπιστὴς αὐτῶν ἐστιν
The house of Aaron hoped in the Lord; he is their helper and their defender.
The priestly house joins the same confession of dependence.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΑαρωνααρωνN GSM · Ἀαρώνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑαρων: meaning 'ααρων'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἤλπισενhopedVAI AAI3S · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐλπίζω: meaning 'hoped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βοηθὸςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβοηθός: meaning 'helper'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπερασπιστὴςdefenderN1M NSM · ὑπερασπιστήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑπερασπιστής: meaning 'defender'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
19
οἱ φοβούμενοι τὸν κύριον ἤλπισαν ἐπὶ κύριον βοηθὸς αὐτῶν καὶ ὑπερασπιστὴς αὐτῶν ἐστιν
Those who fear the Lord hoped in the Lord; he is their helper and their defender.
The circle widens to all reverent worshipers.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φοβούμενοιφοβούμενοιV2 · πμπνπμ φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ φοβέω: meaning 'φοβούμενοι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἤλπισανhopedVAI AAI3P · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐλπίζω: meaning 'hoped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βοηθὸςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβοηθός: meaning 'helper'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπερασπιστὴςdefenderN1M NSM · ὑπερασπιστήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑπερασπιστής: meaning 'defender'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
20
κύριος ἐμνήσθη ἡμῶν καὶ εὐλόγησεν ἡμᾶς εὐλόγησεν τὸν οἶκον Ισραηλ εὐλόγησεν τὸν οἶκον Ααρων
The Lord remembered us and blessed us; he blessed the house of Israel, he blessed the house of Aaron.
Remembering by the Lord issues in covenant blessing for both people and priests.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐμνήσθηἐμνήσθηVSI API3S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristμιμνήσκω: meaning 'ἐμνήσθη'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐλόγησενblessedVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐλογέω: meaning 'blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐλόγησενblessedVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐλογέω: meaning 'blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐλόγησενblessedVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐλογέω: meaning 'blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΑαρωνααρωνN GSM · Ἀαρώνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑαρων: meaning 'ααρων'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
21
εὐλόγησεν τοὺς φοβουμένους τὸν κύριον τοὺς μικροὺς μετὰ τῶν μεγάλων
He blessed those who fear the Lord, the small together with the great.
The blessing reaches all ranks without distinction.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
εὐλόγησενblessedVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐλογέω: meaning 'blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φοβουμένουςφοβουμένουςV2 · πμπαπμ φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπαπμ φοβέω: meaning 'φοβουμένους'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μικροὺςsmallA1A APM · μικρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμικρός: meaning 'small'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μεγάλωνgreatA1 GPM · μέγαςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
22
προσθείη κύριος ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ἐφ' ὑμᾶς καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς ὑμῶν
May the Lord add to you, to you and to your sons.
The psalm asks for continuing increase across generations.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
προσθείητίθημι προςVE AAO3S · τίθημι + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateτίθημι + προς: meaning 'τίθημι προς'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
23
εὐλογημένοι ὑμεῖς τῷ κυρίῳ τῷ ποιήσαντι τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν
Blessed are you by the Lord, who made heaven and earth.
The blessing is grounded in the Creator's authority over all things.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
εὐλογημένοιεὐλογημένοιVM · χμπνπμ εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπνπμ εὐλογέω: meaning 'εὐλογημένοι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμεῖς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιήσαντιποιήσαντιVA · ααπδσμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπδσμ ποιέω: meaning 'ποιήσαντι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανὸνheavenN2 ASM · οὐρανόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνγῆνN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'γῆν'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
24
ὁ οὐρανὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῷ κυρίῳ τὴν δὲ γῆν ἔδωκεν τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων
The heaven of heaven belongs to the Lord, but the earth he gave to the sons of men.
The Lord retains heavenly sovereignty while entrusting the earth to humanity.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανὸςheavenN2 NSM · οὐρανόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γῆνγῆνN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'γῆν'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςsonsN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνθρώπωνhumanN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'human'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
25
οὐχ οἱ νεκροὶ αἰνέσουσίν σε κύριε οὐδὲ πάντες οἱ καταβαίνοντες εἰς ᾅδου
It is not the dead who will praise you, O Lord, nor all who go down into Hades.
The psalm stresses the urgency of living praise before descent into silence.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νεκροὶdeadN2 NPM · νεκρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνεκρός: meaning 'dead'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αἰνέσουσίνpraiseVF FAI3P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐδὲ: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταβαίνοντεςπαπνπμ βαίνω καταV1 · παπνπμ βαίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ βαίνω + κατα: meaning 'παπνπμ βαίνω κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾅδουHadesN1M GSM · ᾅδηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationᾅδης: meaning 'Hades'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
26
ἀλλ' ἡμεῖς οἱ ζῶντες εὐλογήσομεν τὸν κύριον ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν καὶ ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος
But we who live will bless the Lord, from now and until the age.
The psalm closes with a living congregation committed to enduring praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡμεῖςmeRP NP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμεῖς: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ζῶντεςζῶντεςV3 · παπνπμ ζάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ζάω: meaning 'ζῶντες'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εὐλογήσομενblessedVF FAI1P · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὐλογέω: meaning 'blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfrom beforeP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶνοςageN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.