1
ὢν ἑπτὰ ἐτῶν Ιωας ἐν τῷ βασιλεῦσαι αὐτὸν καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ὄνομα τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ Σαβια ἐκ Βηρσαβεε
Joash was seven years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years in Jerusalem; and his mother's name was Zibiah from Beer-sheba.
The long regnal span creates room for both his promising beginning and his tragic reversal.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ὢνπαπνσμ εἰμίV9 · παπνσμ εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ εἰμί: meaning 'παπνσμ εἰμί'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἑπτὰsevenM · ἑπτάlexical item contributing to the clause or list→ discourse linkage or contrastἑπτὰ: meaning 'seven'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
ἐτῶνyearsN3E GPN · ἔτοςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ relational specificationἔτος: meaning 'years'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
ΙωαςJoashN NSM · Ιωαςname-item in the genealogical registerΙωας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεῦσαιto make kingVA AAN · βασιλεύωinfinitive complement or purpose expression→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeβασιλεύω: meaning 'to make king'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement or purpose expression.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεσσαράκονταfortyA APN · τεσσαράκονταcommon noun within the clauseτεσσαράκοντα: meaning 'forty'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
ἔτηyearsN3E APN · ἔτοςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ object specificationἔτος: meaning 'years'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
ἐβασίλευσενreignedVAI AAI3S · βασιλεύωmain verb of regnal-duration summary→ constative aorist (regnal summary)βασιλεύω: meaning 'reigned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of regnal-duration summary.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄνομαnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαhead noun in a naming formula→ participant prominenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as head noun in a naming formula.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μητρὶmotherN3 DSF · μήτηρcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceμήτηρ: meaning 'mother'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ΣαβιαZibiahN NSF · Σαβιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΣαβια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΒηρσαβεεBeer-shebaN GS · Βηρσαβεεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΒηρσαβεε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
2
καὶ ἐποίησεν Ιωας τὸ εὐθὲς ἐνώπιον κυρίου πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας Ιωδαε τοῦ ἱερέως
And Joash did what was right before the Lord all the days of Jehoiada the priest.
The formulation already hints at dependence. His fidelity is real, but it is also supervised.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ΙωαςJoashN NSM · Ιωαςname-item in the genealogical registerΙωας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐθὲςuprightA3H ASN · εὐθήςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationεὐθής: meaning 'upright'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐνώπιονbeforeP · ἐνώπιονpreposition→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
πάσαςallA1S APF · πᾶςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραςdaysN1A APF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'days'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN GSM · Ιωδαεsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέωςpriestN3V GSM · ἱερεύςcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
3
καὶ ἔλαβεν αὐτῷ Ιωδαε γυναῖκας δύο καὶ ἐγέννησεν υἱοὺς καὶ θυγατέρας
And Jehoiada took for him two wives, and he fathered sons and daughters.
The priest is shown shaping not only worship but the king's settled household life, reinforcing his role as guardian of the regime.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔλαβενtakeVBI AAI3S · λαμβάνωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristλαμβάνω: meaning 'take'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN NSM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
γυναῖκαςwivesN3K APF · γυνήaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationγυνή: meaning 'wives'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
δύοtwoM · δύοlexical item contributing to the clause or list→ discourse linkage or contrastδύο: meaning 'two'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγέννησενbegotVAI AAI3S · γεννάωmain verb of genealogical begetting notice→ constative aorist (genealogical begetting notice)γεννάω: meaning 'begot'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of genealogical begetting notice.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θυγατέραςdaughtersN3 APF · θυγάτηρaccusative complement→ object specificationθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughters'; it serves as accusative complement.
4
καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ ταῦτα καὶ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ καρδίαν Ιωας ἐπισκευάσαι τὸν οἶκον κυρίου
And after these things it came into the heart of Joash to repair the house of the Lord.
The impulse is commendable and central to the chapter's first movement: the king wants the LORD's house repaired.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ταῦταthisRD APN · οὗτοςacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
Ιωαςof JoashN GSM · Ιωαςproper name or indeclinable itemΙωας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name or indeclinable item.
ἐπισκευάσαισκευάζωVA AAN · σκευάζω + ἐπιinfinitive complement within the clauseσκευάζω + ἐπι: meaning 'σκευάζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
5
καὶ συνήγαγεν τοὺς ἱερεῖς καὶ τοὺς Λευίτας καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς ἐξέλθατε εἰς τὰς πόλεις Ιουδα καὶ συναγάγετε ἀπὸ παντὸς Ισραηλ ἀργύριον κατισχῦσαι τὸν οἶκον κυρίου ἐνιαυτὸν κατ' ἐνιαυτὸν καὶ σπεύσατε λαλῆσαι καὶ οὐκ ἔσπευσαν οἱ Λευῖται
And he gathered the priests and the Levites and said to them, 'Go out into the cities of Judah and collect from all Israel silver to strengthen the house of the Lord, year by year, and be quick to speak'; but the Levites were not quick.
The plan is sound, but the failure to hurry introduces the need for firmer administrative structure.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνήγαγενgatheredVBI AAI3S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἄγω + συν: meaning 'gathered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priests'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευίταςΛευείτηςN1M APM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clause→ participant identificationΛευίτας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
ἐξέλθατεwent outVA AAD2P · ἔρχομαι + ἐκfinite verb advancing the clauseἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'went out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόλειςcitiesN3I APF · πόλιςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ object specificationπόλις: meaning 'cities'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ἰουδάproper name within the genealogical or territorial register→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the genealogical or territorial register.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συναγάγετεgather togetherVB AAD2P · ἄγω + συνfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal action or stateἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather together'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἀπὸfrom / ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N ASN · ἀργύριονaccusative complement→ object specificationἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as accusative complement.
κατισχῦσαιto overpowerVA AAN · ἰσχύω + καταinfinitive complement or purpose expression→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἰσχύω + κατα: meaning 'to overpower'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement or purpose expression.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἐνιαυτὸνyearN2 ASM · ἐνιαυτόςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationἐνιαυτός: meaning 'year'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
κατ'againstP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατ': meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐνιαυτὸνyearN2 ASM · ἐνιαυτόςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationἐνιαυτός: meaning 'year'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σπεύσατεhurryVA AAD2P · σπεύδωfinite verb advancing the clause→ assertion or appealσπεύδω: meaning 'hurry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
λαλῆσαιspeakVA AAN · λαλέωinfinitive complement within the clause→ infinitival complementλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔσπευσανhurryVAI AAI3P · σπεύδωfinite verb advancing the clause→ deliverance, judgment, and redeemed praiseσπεύδω: meaning 'hurry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιΛευείτηςN1M NPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clause→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
6
καὶ ἐκάλεσεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Ιωας τὸν Ιωδαε τὸν ἄρχοντα καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ διὰ τί οὐκ ἐπεσκέψω περὶ τῶν Λευιτῶν τοῦ εἰσενέγκαι ἀπὸ Ιουδα καὶ Ιερουσαλημ τὸ κεκριμένον ὑπὸ Μωυσῆ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ θεοῦ ὅτε ἐξεκκλησίασεν τὸν Ισραηλ εἰς τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου
And King Joash called Jehoiada the chief priest and said to him, 'Why have you not looked after the Levites to bring in from Judah and Jerusalem what was determined by Moses the man of God when he assembled Israel for the tent of witness?'
Joash appeals to Mosaic precedent, framing the repair not as royal whim but as obedience to an established sacred levy.
Word-by-word analysis· 41 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκάλεσενcalledVAI AAI3S · καλέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeκαλέω: meaning 'called'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ΙωαςJoashN NSM · Ιωαςname-item in the genealogical registerΙωας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN ASM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρχονταleaderN3 ASM · ἄρχωνnominal element within the genealogical notice→ object specificationἄρχων: meaning 'leader'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
διὰthrough/byP · διάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἐπεσκέψωact/doVAI AMI2S · σκέπτομαι + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristσκέπτομαι + ἐπι: meaning 'act'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπερὶ: meaning 'concerning'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευιτῶνΛευείτηςN1M GPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clause→ participant identificationΛευιτῶν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἰσενέγκαιbring inVA AAN · φέρω + εἰςfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeφέρω + εἰς: meaning 'bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
ἀπὸfrom / ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ἰουδάproper name within the genealogical or territorial register→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the genealogical or territorial register.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper-name item in the genealogical chain.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεκριμένονχμπασμ κρίνωVM · χμπασμ κρίνωfinite verb advancing the clauseχμπασμ κρίνω: meaning 'χμπασμ κρίνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ὑπὸas / byP · ὑπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὸ: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΜωυσῆMosesN1M GSM · Μωυσῆcommon noun within the clauseΜωυσῆ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
ἀνθρώπουmanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ὅτεὅτεD · ὅτεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτε: meaning 'ὅτε'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐξεκκλησίασενκλησιάζωVAI AAI3S · κλησιάζω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the clauseκλησιάζω + ἐκ: meaning 'κλησιάζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνὴνtabernacle / tentN1 ASF · σκηνήcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationσκηνή: meaning 'tabernacle'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μαρτυρίουof meeting / of witnessN2N GSN · μαρτύριονcommon noun within the clauseμαρτύριον: meaning 'of meeting'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
7
ὅτι Γοθολια ἦν ἡ ἄνομος καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτῆς κατέσπασαν τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ γὰρ τὰ ἅγια οἴκου κυρίου ἐποίησαν ταῖς Βααλιμ
For Athaliah, that lawless woman, and her sons had torn down the house of God, and even the holy things of the house of the Lord they had devoted to the Baals.
The repair campaign is necessary because apostasy had not been symbolic only; it had materially violated the sanctuary.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΓοθολιαAthaliahN1 NSF · Γοθολιαcommon noun within the clauseΓοθολια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
ἦνwasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ imperfective past: portrays continuing or repeated actionἦν: meaning 'was'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominal element within the genealogical notice→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἄνομοςlawlessA1B NSF · ἄνομοςcommon noun within the clauseἄνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
κατέσπασανσπάωVAI AAI3P · σπάω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseσπάω + κατα: meaning 'σπάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρforX · γάρcommon noun within the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιαholyA1A APN · ἅγιοςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἐποίησανdo / makeVAI AAI3P · ποιέωmain verbal predicate→ aorist indicative summaryποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal predicate.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΒααλιμBaalN DPF · Βααλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΒααλιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
8
καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεύς γενηθήτω γλωσσόκομον καὶ τεθήτω ἐν πύλῃ οἴκου κυρίου ἔξω
And the king said, 'Let a chest be made, and let it be set outside at the gate of the house of the Lord.'
The chest relocates the reform from vague intention to visible process. Administrative wisdom serves sacred renewal.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεύςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
γενηθήτωbecome / happenVC APD3S · γίγνομαιfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal action or stateγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
γλωσσόκομονchestN2N ASN · γλωσσόκομονcommon noun within the clauseγλωσσόκομον: meaning 'chest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεθήτωplace / appointVC APD3S · τίθημιfinite verb advancing the clauseτίθημι: meaning 'place'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
πύλῃgateN1 DSF · πύληhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἔξωExoD · ἔξωadverb→ discourse linkage or contrastἔξω: meaning 'Exo'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
9
καὶ κηρυξάτωσαν ἐν Ιουδα καὶ ἐν Ιερουσαλημ εἰσενέγκαι κυρίῳ καθὼς εἶπεν Μωυσῆς παῖς τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ τὸν Ισραηλ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ
And they proclaimed in Judah and in Jerusalem that they should bring to the Lord what Moses the servant of God had imposed on Israel in the wilderness.
The appeal to wilderness precedent ties present temple repair to Israel's foundational worship history.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κηρυξάτωσανproclaimVA AAD3P · κηρύσσωfinite verb advancing the clauseκηρύσσω: meaning 'proclaim'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
Ιουδαof JudahN DSM · Ἰουδάproper name or indeclinable item→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name or indeclinable item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
εἰσενέγκαιbring inVA AAN · φέρω + εἰςfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeφέρω + εἰς: meaning 'bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καθὼςjust asD · καθώςadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαθώς: meaning 'just as'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ΜωυσῆςMosesN1M NSM · Μωυσῆςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant identificationΜωυσῆς: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
παῖςservantN3D NSM · παῖςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ participant prominenceπαῖς: meaning 'servant'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐρήμῳἐρῆμοςN2 DSF · ἐρῆμοςcommon noun within the clause→ dependence, provision, and measured sufficiencyἐρῆμος: meaning 'ἐρῆμος'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
10
καὶ ἔδωκαν πάντες ἄρχοντες καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς καὶ εἰσέφερον καὶ ἐνέβαλλον εἰς τὸ γλωσσόκομον ἕως οὗ ἐπληρώθη
And all the rulers and all the people rejoiced, and they brought in and cast into the chest until it was filled.
The reform succeeds because the community embraces it. Joy accompanies giving when the house of the LORD is the shared concern.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔδωκανgaveVAI AAI3P · δίδωμιmain verb of allotment or gift→ aorist summary statementδίδωμι: meaning 'gave'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of allotment or gift.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἄρχοντεςrulersN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'rulers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶςallA3 NSM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσέφερονbring inV1I IAI3P · φέρω + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clauseφέρω + εἰς: meaning 'bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνέβαλλονβάλλωV1I IAI3P · βάλλω + ἐνfinite verb advancing the clauseβάλλω + ἐν: meaning 'βάλλω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γλωσσόκομονchestN2N ASN · γλωσσόκομονcommon noun within the clauseγλωσσόκομον: meaning 'chest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἕωςuntil/as far asP · ἕωςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationοὗ: meaning 'where'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐπληρώθηpeplerokosVCI API3S · πληρόωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristπληρόω: meaning 'peplerokos'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
11
καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς εἰσέφερον τὸ γλωσσόκομον πρὸς τοὺς προστάτας τοῦ βασιλέως διὰ χειρὸς τῶν Λευιτῶν καὶ ὡς εἶδον ὅτι ἐπλεόνασεν τὸ ἀργύριον καὶ ἦλθεν ὁ γραμματεὺς τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ὁ προστάτης τοῦ ἱερέως τοῦ μεγάλου καὶ ἐξεκένωσαν τὸ γλωσσόκομον καὶ κατέστησαν εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ οὕτως ἐποίουν ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας καὶ συνήγαγον ἀργύριον πολύ
And whenever they brought the chest to the king's overseers by the hand of the Levites, and whenever they saw that the silver had increased, the king's scribe and the superintendent of the high priest came and emptied the chest and returned it to its place; thus they did day by day and gathered much silver.
The repeated emptying and returning of the chest shows a system of trustworthy oversight rather than ad hoc enthusiasm.
Word-by-word analysis· 54 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
εἰσέφερονbring inV1I IAI3P · φέρω + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clauseφέρω + εἰς: meaning 'bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γλωσσόκομονchestN2N ASN · γλωσσόκομονcommon noun within the clauseγλωσσόκομον: meaning 'chest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προστάταςoverseerN1M APM · προστάτηςcommon noun within the clauseπροστάτης: meaning 'overseer'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
διὰthrough/byP · διάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευιτῶνΛευείτηςN1M GPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clause→ participant identificationΛευιτῶν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
εἶδονseeVBI AAI3P · ὁράωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristὁράω: meaning 'see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπλεόνασενmultiplyVAI AAI3S · πλεονάζωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristπλεονάζω: meaning 'multiply'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N NSN · ἀργύριονcommon noun within the clause→ participant prominenceἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦλθενcameVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἔρχομαι: meaning 'came'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γραμματεὺςscribeN3V NSM · γραμματεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceγραμματεύς: meaning 'scribe'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προστάτηςoverseerN1M NSM · προστάτηςcommon noun within the clauseπροστάτης: meaning 'overseer'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέωςpriestN3V GSM · ἱερεύςcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μεγάλουgreatA1 GSM · μέγαςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ relational specificationμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξεκένωσανκενόωVAI AAI3P · κενόω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the clauseκενόω + ἐκ: meaning 'κενόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γλωσσόκομονchestN2N ASN · γλωσσόκομονcommon noun within the clauseγλωσσόκομον: meaning 'chest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατέστησανappoint / setVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + καταfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + κατα: meaning 'appoint'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSN · αὐτόςpronoun referring within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring within the clause.
οὕτωςthus / soD · οὕτωςadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
ἐποίουνdo / makeV2I IAI3P · ποιέωmain verbal predicate→ verbal action in summary styleποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal predicate.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραςdayN1A GSF · ἡμέραgenitival dependent within the phrase→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνήγαγονgather togetherVBI AAI3P · ἄγω + συνfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather together'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N ASN · ἀργύριονaccusative complement→ object specificationἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as accusative complement.
πολύmuchA3U ASN · πολύςcommon noun within the clauseπολύς: meaning 'much'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
12
καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὸ ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ Ιωδαε ὁ ἱερεὺς τοῖς ποιοῦσιν τὰ ἔργα εἰς τὴν ἐργασίαν οἴκου κυρίου καὶ ἐμισθοῦντο λατόμους καὶ τέκτονας ἐπισκευάσαι τὸν οἶκον κυρίου καὶ χαλκεῖς σιδήρου καὶ χαλκοῦ ἐπισκευάσαι τὸν οἶκον κυρίου
And the king and Jehoiada the priest gave it to those doing the work for the labor of the house of the Lord, and they hired stonecutters and carpenters to repair the house of the Lord, and smiths in iron and bronze to restore the house of the Lord.
The verse keeps the emphasis practical: faithful worship requires materials, crafts, and accountable payment.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
αὐτὸitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participant referenceαὐτὸ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN NSM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεὺςpriestN3V NSM · ἱερεύςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequence→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιοῦσινdo / makeV2 PAI3P · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clause→ ongoing verbal processποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐργασίανlabor / workmanshipN1A ASF · ἐργασίαcommon noun within the clause→ nominal, pronominal, or adjectival contribution to the oracle's imagery and argumentἐργασία: meaning 'labor'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμισθοῦντομισθέωV2I IMI3S · μισθέωfinite verb advancing the clauseμισθέω: meaning 'μισθέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
λατόμουςstonecutterN2 APM · λατόμοςcommon noun within the clauseλατόμος: meaning 'stonecutter'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τέκτοναςcraftsmen / carpentersN3N APM · τέκτωνaccusative element functioning as object or goalτέκτων: meaning 'craftsmen'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἐπισκευάσαισκευάζωVA AAN · σκευάζω + ἐπιinfinitive complement within the clauseσκευάζω + ἐπι: meaning 'σκευάζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χαλκεῖςsmithsN3V NPM · χαλκεύςcommon noun within the clause→ participant prominenceχαλκεύς: meaning 'smiths'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σιδήρουironN2 GSM · σίδηροςgenitive dependent→ relational specificationσίδηρος: meaning 'iron'; it serves as genitive dependent.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χαλκοῦchalkosA1C GSM · χαλκοῦςadjectival modifier→ relational specificationχαλκοῦς: meaning 'chalkos'; it serves as adjectival modifier.
ἐπισκευάσαισκευάζωVA AAN · σκευάζω + ἐπιinfinitive complement within the clauseσκευάζω + ἐπι: meaning 'σκευάζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
13
καὶ ἐποίουν οἱ ποιοῦντες τὰ ἔργα καὶ ἀνέβη μῆκος τῶν ἔργων ἐν χερσὶν αὐτῶν καὶ ἀνέστησαν τὸν οἶκον κυρίου ἐπὶ τὴν στάσιν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐνίσχυσαν
And the workers worked, and the work advanced in their hands, and they restored the house of the Lord to its proper condition and strengthened it.
The house is not merely patched but set back into proper standing, a sign of ordered renewal under capable stewardship.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίουνdo / makeV2I IAI3P · ποιέωmain verbal predicate→ verbal action in summary styleποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal predicate.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιοῦντεςdo / makeV2 · παπνπμ ποιέωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνέβηwent upVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'went up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
μῆκοςprogressN3E ASN · μῆκοςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationμῆκος: meaning 'progress'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργωνworks / laboursN2N GPN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
χερσὶνhandN3 DPF · χείρdative complement within the clause→ sphere or referenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative complement within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνέστησανraise upVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + ἀναfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + ἀνα: meaning 'raise up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στάσινfootstool/placeN3I ASF · στάσιςaccusative complement→ content term contributing imagery, participants, or setting within the chapterστάσις: meaning 'footstool'; it serves as accusative complement.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνίσχυσανwere strengthened thereVA · ααπασν ἰσχύω + ἐνmain verbal predicate→ verbal action in summary styleααπασν ἰσχύω + ἐν: meaning 'were strengthened there'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal predicate.
14
καὶ ὡς συνετέλεσαν ἤνεγκαν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα καὶ πρὸς Ιωδαε τὸ κατάλοιπον τοῦ ἀργυρίου καὶ ἐποίησαν σκεύη εἰς οἶκον κυρίου σκεύη λειτουργικὰ ὁλοκαυτωμάτων καὶ θυίσκας χρυσᾶς καὶ ἀργυρᾶς καὶ ἀνήνεγκαν ὁλοκαυτώσεις ἐν οἴκῳ κυρίου διὰ παντὸς πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας Ιωδαε
And when they had finished, they brought the remainder of the silver to the king and to Jehoiada, and they made vessels for the house of the Lord, service-vessels for whole burnt offerings, and golden and silver censers; and they offered whole burnt offerings in the house of the Lord continually all the days of Jehoiada.
The repaired house immediately serves sacrifice again. Architecture and liturgy are held together all the way through.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςlike / asD · ὡςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'like'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
συνετέλεσανcompleteVAI AAI3P · τελέω + συνfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristτελέω + συν: meaning 'complete'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἤνεγκανthey broughtVAI AAI3P · φέρωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristφέρω: meaning 'they brought'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN ASM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατάλοιπονthe restA1B ASN · κατάλοιποςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationκατάλοιπος: meaning 'the rest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀργυρίουsilverN2N GSN · ἀργύριονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησανdo / makeVAI AAI3P · ποιέωmain verbal predicate→ aorist indicative summaryποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal predicate.
σκεύηimplementsN3E APN · σκεῦοςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationσκεῦος: meaning 'implements'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
σκεύηimplementsN3E APN · σκεῦοςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationσκεῦος: meaning 'implements'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
λειτουργικὰservice-vesselsA1 APN · λειτουργικόςcommon noun within the clauseλειτουργικός: meaning 'service-vessels'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ὁλοκαυτωμάτωνof burnt offeringsN3M GPN · ὁλοκαύτωμαcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ relational specificationὁλοκαύτωμα: meaning 'of burnt offerings'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θυίσκαςθυΐσκηN1 APF · θυΐσκηcommon noun within the clauseθυΐσκη: meaning 'θυΐσκη'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
χρυσᾶςgoldenA1C APF · χρυσοῦςcommon noun within the clauseχρυσοῦς: meaning 'golden'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀργυρᾶςsilverA1C APF · ἀργυροῦςcommon noun within the clause→ The final chapter gathers many of the Song's major motifs into a closing sequence: longing for unconstrained affection, the repeated adjuration not to awaken love before its will, public recognition of the lovers, the seal-on-heart declaration, the incomparable force of love, protective family deliberation, vineyard imagery, and the final call across the mountains of spices.ἀργυροῦς: meaning 'silver'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνήνεγκανoffer upVAI AAI3P · φέρω + ἀναfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristφέρω + ἀνα: meaning 'offer up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ὁλοκαυτώσειςburnt offeringN3I APF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ object specificationὁλοκαυτώσεις: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
διὰthrough/byP · διάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
πάσαςallA1S APF · πᾶςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραςdaysN1A APF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'days'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN GSM · Ιωδαεsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
15
καὶ ἐγήρασεν Ιωδαε πλήρης ἡμερῶν καὶ ἐτελεύτησεν ὢν ἑκατὸν καὶ τριάκοντα ἐτῶν ἐν τῷ τελευτᾶν αὐτόν
And Jehoiada grew old, full of days, and died, being one hundred and thirty years old when he died.
His longevity marks him as a stabilizing elder whose death will expose the king's inner weakness.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγήρασενγηράωVAI AAI3S · γηράωfinite verb advancing the clauseγηράω: meaning 'γηράω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN NSM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
πλήρηςfullA3H NSM · πλήρηςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participant prominenceπλήρης: meaning 'full'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραproper name or indeclinable element within the sequence→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐτελεύτησενact/doVAI AAI3S · τελευτάωfinite verb advancing the clause→ perfectiveτελευτάω: meaning 'act'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ὢνπαπνσμ εἰμίV9 · παπνσμ εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ εἰμί: meaning 'παπνσμ εἰμί'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἑκατὸνa hundredM · ἑκατόνlexical item contributing to the clause or list→ discourse linkage or contrastἑκατὸν: meaning 'a hundred'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τριάκονταthirtyM · τριάκονταcommon noun within the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastτριάκοντα: meaning 'thirty'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
ἐτῶνyearsN3E GPN · ἔτοςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ relational specificationἔτος: meaning 'years'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τελευτᾶνact/doV3 PAN · τελευτάωinfinitive complement within the clauseτελευτάω: meaning 'act'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
αὐτόνhe / she / itRD ASM · αὐτόςacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
16
καὶ ἔθαψαν αὐτὸν ἐν πόλει Δαυιδ μετὰ τῶν βασιλέων ὅτι ἐποίησεν ἀγαθωσύνην μετὰ Ισραηλ καὶ μετὰ τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ
And they buried him in the city of David with the kings, because he had done good in Israel and toward God and his house.
The burial beside kings reveals how foundational his priestly service had been for the kingdom's life.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔθαψανthey buriedVAI AAI3P · θάπτωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristθάπτω: meaning 'they buried'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
πόλειcityN3I DSF · πόλιςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ sphere or referenceπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέωνkingsN3V GPM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'kings'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἀγαθωσύνηνgoodnessN1 ASF · ἀγαθωσύνηcommon noun within the clause→ reverence, wealth, and received portionἀγαθωσύνη: meaning 'goodness'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
17
καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ τὴν τελευτὴν Ιωδαε εἰσῆλθον οἱ ἄρχοντες Ιουδα καὶ προσεκύνησαν τὸν βασιλέα τότε ἐπήκουσεν αὐτοῖς ὁ βασιλεύς
And after the death of Jehoiada the rulers of Judah came and bowed down to the king; then the king listened to them.
The turn is quiet but decisive. Joash proves susceptible to the voices that honor him rather than the one that had formed him.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τελευτὴνend / deathN1 ASF · τελευτήcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationτελευτή: meaning 'end'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN NSM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
εἰσῆλθονwent inVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristἔρχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'went in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρχοντεςrulersN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'rulers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ἰουδάproper name within the genealogical or territorial register→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the genealogical or territorial register.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσεκύνησανworshipVAI AAI3P · κυνέω + προςfinite verb advancing the clause→ perfectiveκυνέω + προς: meaning 'worship'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
τότεthenD · τότεconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastτότε: meaning 'then'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπήκουσενhear favorablyVAI AAI3S · ἀκούω + ἐπιmain verbal predicate→ aorist indicative summaryἀκούω + ἐπι: meaning 'hear favorably'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal predicate.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεύςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
18
καὶ ἐγκατέλιπον τὸν κύριον θεὸν τῶν πατέρων αὐτῶν καὶ ἐδούλευον ταῖς Ἀστάρταις καὶ τοῖς εἰδώλοις καὶ ἐγένετο ὀργὴ ἐπὶ Ιουδαν καὶ ἐπὶ Ιερουσαλημ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ
And they forsook the Lord God of their fathers and served the Astartes and the idols, and wrath came upon Judah and upon Jerusalem in that day.
The repaired temple now stands in a kingdom that has again abandoned its God. External reform without sustained loyalty is exposed.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγκατέλιπονthey forsookVBI AAI3P · λείπω + ἐν + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeλείπω + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'they forsook'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατέρωνfatherN3 GPM · πατήρgenitival dependent within the phrase→ relational specificationπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐδούλευονserveV1I IAI3P · δουλεύωfinite verb advancing the clauseδουλεύω: meaning 'serve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἈστάρταιςἈστάρταN1A DPF · Ἀστάρταcommon noun within the clauseἈστάρταις: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἰδώλοιςidolsN2N DPN · εἴδωλονcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceεἴδωλον: meaning 'idols'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὀργὴwith angerN1 NSF · ὀργήnominative term in clause/list→ participant prominenceὀργή: meaning 'with anger'; it serves as nominative term in clause/list.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙουδανJudahN1T ASM · Ἰούδαςcommon noun within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ταύτῃtheseRD DSF · οὗτοςpronoun referring within the clause→ participant reference or interestταύτῃ: meaning 'these'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring within the clause.
19
καὶ ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς προφήτας ἐπιστρέψαι πρὸς κύριον καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν καὶ διεμαρτύραντο αὐτοῖς καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν
And he sent prophets to them to turn them back to the Lord, but they would not listen; and the prophets testified against them, but they would not listen.
The repetition of refusal heightens Judah's culpability. God is not silent; the people are unhearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπέστειλεν+ apoVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristστέλλω + ἀπο: meaning '+ apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
προφήταςprophetN1M APM · προφήτηςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationπροφήτης: meaning 'prophet'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐπιστρέψαιturned backVA AAN · στρέφω + ἐπιinfinitive complement within the clause→ infinitival complementστρέφω + ἐπι: meaning 'turned back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἤκουσανheardVAI AAI3P · ἀκούωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἀκούω: meaning 'heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διεμαρτύραντομαρτυρέωVAI AMI3P · μαρτυρέω + διαfinite verb advancing the clauseμαρτυρέω + δια: meaning 'μαρτυρέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἤκουσανheardVAI AAI3P · ἀκούωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἀκούω: meaning 'heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
20
καὶ πνεῦμα θεοῦ ἐνέδυσεν τὸν Αζαριαν τὸν τοῦ Ιωδαε τὸν ἱερέα καὶ ἀνέστη ἐπάνω τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ εἶπεν τάδε λέγει κύριος τί παραπορεύεσθε τὰς ἐντολὰς κυρίου καὶ οὐκ εὐοδωθήσεσθε ὅτι ἐγκατελίπετε τὸν κύριον καὶ ἐγκαταλείψει ὑμᾶς
And the Spirit of God clothed Azariah son of Jehoiada the priest, and he stood above the people and said, 'Thus says the Lord: Why do you transgress the commandments of the Lord and not prosper? Because you have forsaken the Lord, he also will forsake you.'
The son of the faithful priest stands as the chapter's moral and prophetic center, interpreting their apostasy in covenant terms.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πνεῦμαspiritN3M NSN · πνεῦμαcommon noun within the clause→ participant prominenceπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἐνέδυσενenedyseVAI AAI3S · δύω + ἐνfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristδύω + ἐν: meaning 'enedyse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑζαριανAzarianN1T ASM · Αζαριαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΑζαριαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN GSM · Ιωδαεsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέαpriestN3V ASM · ἱερεύςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνέστηraise upVHI AAI3S · ἵστημι + ἀναfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + ἀνα: meaning 'raise up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐπάνωand upwardD · ἐπάνωadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceἐπάνω: meaning 'and upward'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
τάδεthisRD APN · ὅδεacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τίwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronoun referring within the clauseτί: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring within the clause.
παραπορεύεσθεπορεύομαιV1 PMI2P · πορεύομαι + παραfinite verb advancing the clauseπορεύομαι + παρα: meaning 'πορεύομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐντολὰςEntolasN1 APF · ἐντολήaccusative complement→ object specificationἐντολή: meaning 'Entolas'; it serves as accusative complement.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
εὐοδωθήσεσθεprosperVC FPI2P · εὐοδόωfinite verb advancing the clauseεὐοδόω: meaning 'prosper'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγκατελίπετεthey forsookVBI AAI2P · λείπω + ἐν + καταfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristλείπω + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'they forsook'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγκαταλείψειthey forsookVF FAI3S · λείπω + ἐν + καταfinite verb advancing the clause→ futureλείπω + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'they forsook'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
21
καὶ ἐπέθεντο αὐτῷ καὶ ἐλιθοβόλησαν αὐτὸν δι' ἐντολῆς Ιωας τοῦ βασιλέως ἐν αὐλῇ οἴκου κυρίου
And they conspired against him and stoned him, by command of King Joash, in the court of the house of the Lord.
The location makes the act especially appalling: the king sheds righteous blood in the very court his earlier reforms had repaired.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπέθεντοthey placedVEI AMI3P · τίθημι + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aorist middleτίθημι + ἐπι: meaning 'they placed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλιθοβόλησανstoneVAI AAI3P · λιθοβολέωfinite verb advancing the clauseλιθοβολέω: meaning 'stone'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
δι'through / by means ofP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδι': meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐντολῆςEntolasN1 GSF · ἐντολήcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationἐντολή: meaning 'Entolas'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
Ιωαςof JoashN GSM · Ιωαςproper name or indeclinable itemΙωας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name or indeclinable item.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
αὐλῇcourtN1 DSF · αὐλήcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceαὐλή: meaning 'court'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
22
καὶ οὐκ ἐμνήσθη Ιωας τοῦ ἐλέους οὗ ἐποίησεν μετ' αὐτοῦ Ιωδαε ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐθανάτωσεν τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ὡς ἀπέθνῃσκεν εἶπεν ἴδοι κύριος καὶ κρινάτω
And Joash did not remember the mercy that Jehoiada his father had shown him, but he killed his son; and as he was dying he said, 'May the Lord see and judge.'
Joash's crime is personal as well as theological. He murders the son of the man to whom he owes his life and crown.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἐμνήσθημιμνήσκωVSI API3S · μιμνήσκωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristμιμνήσκω: meaning 'μιμνήσκω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ΙωαςJoashN NSM · Ιωαςname-item in the genealogical registerΙωας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέουςmercyN3E GSM · ἔλεοςcommon noun within the clauseἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationοὗ: meaning 'where'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN NSM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατὴρfatherN3 NSM · πατήρnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐθανάτωσενθανατόωVAI AAI3S · θανατόωfinite verb advancing the clause→ aoristic eventθανατόω: meaning 'θανατόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱὸνsonN2 ASM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἀπέθνῃσκενhe diedV1I IAI3S · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clauseθνήσκω + ἀπο: meaning 'he died'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἴδοιseeVA AAO3S · ὁράωarticle marking the following noun or phraseἴδοι: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κρινάτωjudgeVA AAD3S · κρίνωfinite verb advancing the clauseκρίνω: meaning 'judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
23
καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ τὴν συντέλειαν τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ἀνέβη ἐπ' αὐτὸν δύναμις Συρίας καὶ ἦλθεν ἐπὶ Ιουδαν καὶ ἐπὶ Ιερουσαλημ καὶ κατέφθειραν πάντας τοὺς ἄρχοντας τοῦ λαοῦ ἐν τῷ λαῷ καὶ πάντα τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῶν ἀπέστειλαν τῷ βασιλεῖ Δαμασκοῦ
And at the turn of the year the Syrian force came up against him and came to Judah and Jerusalem and destroyed all the rulers of the people from among the people, and all their spoil they sent to the king of Damascus.
The judgment falls first on the ruling class that had seduced the king, showing that divine justice is neither blind nor diffuse.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionγίγνομαι: meaning 'it came to pass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συντέλειανturnN1A ASF · συντέλειαcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationσυντέλεια: meaning 'turn'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνιαυτοῦyearN2 GSM · ἐνιαυτόςgenitive dependent→ relational specificationἐνιαυτός: meaning 'year'; it serves as genitive dependent.
ἀνέβηwent upVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'went up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
δύναμιςhostN3I NSF · δύναμιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceδύναμις: meaning 'host'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ΣυρίαςSyriaN1A GSF · Συρίαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationΣυρίας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦλθενcameVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἔρχομαι: meaning 'came'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙουδανJudahN1T ASM · Ἰούδαςcommon noun within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατέφθειρανφθείρωVAI AAI3P · φθείρω + καταfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristφθείρω + κατα: meaning 'φθείρω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρχονταςruler / chiefN3 APM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκῦλαspoilN2N APN · σκῦλονcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationσκῦλον: meaning 'spoil'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀπέστειλανsentVAI AAI3P · στέλλω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristστέλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'sent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
ΔαμασκοῦDamascusN2 GSM · Δαμάσκοςcommon noun within the clauseΔαμασκοῦ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
24
ὅτι ἐν ὀλίγοις ἀνδράσιν παρεγένετο δύναμις Συρίας καὶ ὁ θεὸς παρέδωκεν εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν δύναμιν πολλὴν σφόδρα ὅτι ἐγκατέλιπον κύριον θεὸν τῶν πατέρων αὐτῶν καὶ μετὰ Ιωας ἐποίησεν κρίματα
For the Syrian force came with a few men, but God delivered into their hands a very great force, because they had forsaken the Lord God of their fathers; and they executed judgments against Joash.
Numbers alone cannot explain the loss. The chronicler insists that covenant breach has altered the whole calculus of power.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ὀλίγοιςὀλίγοςA1 DPM · ὀλίγοςcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceὀλίγος: meaning 'ὀλίγος'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀνδράσινmanN3 DPM · ἀνήρcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
παρεγένετογίγνομαιVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαι + παραfinite verb advancing the clause→ reverence, wealth, and received portionγίγνομαι + παρα: meaning 'γίγνομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
δύναμιςhostN3I NSF · δύναμιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceδύναμις: meaning 'host'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ΣυρίαςSyriaN1A GSF · Συρίαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationΣυρίας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
παρέδωκενto hand overVAI AAI3S · δίδωμι + παραfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι + παρα: meaning 'to hand over'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χεῖραςhandN3 APF · χείρaccusative object or complement→ object specificationχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as accusative object or complement.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
δύναμινforce / powerN3I ASF · δύναμιςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationδύναμις: meaning 'force'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
πολλὴνmuchA1 ASF · πολύςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationπολύς: meaning 'much'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σφόδραgreatly / exceedinglyD · σφόδραparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: meaning 'greatly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγκατέλιπονthey forsookVBI AAI3P · λείπω + ἐν + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeλείπω + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'they forsook'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατέρωνfatherN3 GPM · πατήρgenitival dependent within the phrase→ relational specificationπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
Ιωαςof JoashN GSM · Ιωαςproper name or indeclinable itemΙωας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name or indeclinable item.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
κρίματαjudgment / ordinanceN3M APN · κρίμαcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
25
καὶ μετὰ τὸ ἀπελθεῖν αὐτοὺς ἀπ' αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ ἐγκαταλιπεῖν αὐτὸν ἐν μαλακίαις μεγάλαις καὶ ἐπέθεντο αὐτῷ οἱ παῖδες αὐτοῦ ἐν αἵμασιν υἱοῦ Ιωδαε τοῦ ἱερέως καὶ ἐθανάτωσαν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τῆς κλίνης αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀπέθανεν καὶ ἔθαψαν αὐτὸν ἐν πόλει Δαυιδ καὶ οὐκ ἔθαψαν αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ τάφῳ τῶν βασιλέων
And after they had departed from him, leaving him in great sicknesses, his servants conspired against him for the blood of the son of Jehoiada the priest and killed him on his bed, and he died; and they buried him in the city of David, but they did not bury him in the tomb of the kings.
The bed-death and denied royal tombs answer the earlier murder. The king who forgot mercy dies under remembered guilt.
Word-by-word analysis· 50 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀπελθεῖνἔρχομαιVB AAN · ἔρχομαι + ἀποinfinitive complement within the clause→ infinitival complementἔρχομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'ἔρχομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐγκαταλιπεῖνthey forsookVB AAN · λείπω + ἐν + καταinfinitive complement within the clause→ infinitival complementλείπω + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'they forsook'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
μαλακίαιςsicknessN1A DPF · μαλακίαcommon noun within the clauseμαλακία: meaning 'sickness'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
μεγάλαιςgreatA1 DPF · μέγαςcommon noun within the clauseμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπέθεντοthey placedVEI AMI3P · τίθημι + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aorist middleτίθημι + ἐπι: meaning 'they placed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παῖδεςservantN3D NPM · παῖςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceπαῖς: meaning 'servant'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
αἵμασινblood (-guilt)N3M DPN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceαἷμα: meaning 'blood (-guilt)'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN GSM · Ιωδαεsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέωςpriestN3V GSM · ἱερεύςcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐθανάτωσανθανατόωVAI AAI3P · θανατόωfinite verb advancing the clauseθανατόω: meaning 'θανατόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κλίνηςbedN1 GSF · κλίνηcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationκλίνη: meaning 'bed'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπέθανενhe diedVBI AAI3S · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristθνήσκω + ἀπο: meaning 'he died'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔθαψανthey buriedVAI AAI3P · θάπτωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristθάπτω: meaning 'they buried'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
πόλειcityN3I DSF · πόλιςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ sphere or referenceπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔθαψανthey buriedVAI AAI3P · θάπτωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristθάπτω: meaning 'they buried'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τάφῳtombsN2 DSM · τάφοςcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceτάφος: meaning 'tombs'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέωνkingsN3V GPM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'kings'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
26
καὶ οἱ ἐπιθέμενοι ἐπ' αὐτὸν Ζαβεδ ὁ τοῦ Σαμαθ ὁ Αμμανίτης καὶ Ιωζαβεδ ὁ τοῦ Σομαρωθ ὁ Μωαβίτης
And these were the conspirators against him: Zabad son of Shimeath the Ammonitess, and Jehozabad son of Shimrith the Moabitess.
As elsewhere in Chronicles, naming fixes the event in accountable history rather than leaving it as anonymous rumor.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπιθέμενοιαμπνπμ τίθημιVE · αμπνπμ τίθημι + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clauseαμπνπμ τίθημι + ἐπι: meaning 'αμπνπμ τίθημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ΖαβεδZabadN NSM · Ζαβεδproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerΖαβεδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the genealogical or territorial register.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣαμαθΣαμαθN GSM · Σαμαθproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΣαμαθ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑμμανίτηςΑμμανίτηςN1M NSM · Αμμανίτηςcommon noun within the clauseΑμμανίτης: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωζαβεδΙωζαβεδN NSM · Ιωζαβεδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΙωζαβεδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣομαρωθΣομαρωθN GSM · Σομαρωθproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΣομαρωθ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΜωαβίτηςMoabiteN1M NSM · Μωαβίτηςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΜωαβίτης: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
27
καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ πάντες καὶ προσῆλθον αὐτῷ οἱ πέντε καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ ἰδοὺ γεγραμμένα ἐπὶ τὴν γραφὴν τῶν βασιλέων καὶ ἐβασίλευσεν Αμασιας υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἀντ' αὐτοῦ
And his sons, and all the things that came upon him, and the founding of the house of God, behold, they are written in the account of the kings; and Amaziah his son reigned in his place.
The record formula gathers Joash's mixed reign into memory, then moves the narrative on to Amaziah.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσῆλθονἔρχομαιVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + προςfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristἔρχομαι + προς: meaning 'ἔρχομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as dative complement→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'to him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as dative complement.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πέντεfiveM · πέντεproper name within the genealogical or territorial register→ discourse linkage or contrastπέντε: meaning 'five'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle with the following noun or name→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λοιπὰthe restA1 NPN · λοιπόςcommon noun within the clauseλοιπός: meaning 'the rest'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: meaning 'behold'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
γεγραμμέναχππνπν γράφωVP · χππνπν γράφωfinite verb advancing the clauseχππνπν γράφω: meaning 'χππνπν γράφω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γραφὴνgraphenN1 ASF · γραφήcommon noun within the clause→ content term contributing imagery, participants, or setting within the chapterγραφή: meaning 'graphen'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέωνkingsN3V GPM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'kings'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐβασίλευσενreignedVAI AAI3S · βασιλεύωmain verb of regnal-duration summary→ constative aorist (regnal summary)βασιλεύω: meaning 'reigned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of regnal-duration summary.
ΑμασιαςAmasiasN1T NSM · Αμασιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΑμασιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element within the genealogical notice.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀντ'in place ofI · ἀντίproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceἀντί: meaning 'in place of'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.