1
καὶ οὗτοι οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ οἱ Λευῖται οἱ ἀναβαίνοντες μετὰ Ζοροβαβελ υἱοῦ Σαλαθιηλ καὶ Ἰησοῦ Σαραια Ιερμια Εσδρα
And these were the priests and the Levites who came up with Zerubbabel son of Salathiel and Jeshua: Seraiah, Jeremiah, Esdras,
The chapter opens by anchoring the restored cult in the first generation that returned with Zerubbabel and Jeshua.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὗτοιthis / theseRD NPM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοὗτοι: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLevitesN1M NPM · Λευίτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀναβαίνοντεςgo upVZ · παπνπμ βαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ βαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'go up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN GSM · Ζοροβαβελnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΖοροβαβελ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΣαλαθιηλSalathielN GSM · Σαλαθιηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλαθιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἸησοῦJeshuaN GSM · Ἰησοῦςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἸησοῦ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΣαραιαSeraiahN NSM · Σαραιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαραια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΙερμιαJeremiahN NSM · Ιερμιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερμια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΕσδραEsdrasN NSM · Εσδραnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕσδρα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
2
Αμαρια Μαλουχ
Amariah, Malluch,
The priestly register continues by naming the next ancestral houses.
Word-by-word analysis· 2 words
ΑμαριαAmariahN NSM · Αμαριαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑμαρια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜαλουχMalluchN NSM · Μαλουχnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαλουχ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
3
Σεχενια
Shecaniah.
Another priestly house is added in the same enumerative style.
Word-by-word analysis· 1 word
ΣεχενιαShecaniahN NSM · Σεχενιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣεχενια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
7
οὗτοι ἄρχοντες τῶν ἱερέων καὶ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν ἐν ἡμέραις Ἰησοῦ
These were chiefs of the priests and their brothers in the days of Jeshua.
The opening names are gathered up as the leading priestly houses of Jeshua's time.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
οὗτοιthis / theseRD NPM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοὗτοι: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἄρχοντεςruler / chiefN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέωνpriestN3V GPM · ἱερεύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἸησοῦJeshuaN GSM · Ἰησοῦςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἸησοῦ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
8
καὶ οἱ Λευῖται Ιησου Βανουι Καδμιηλ Σαραβια Ιουδα Μαχανια ἐπὶ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ
And the Levites were Jeshua, Binnui, Kadmiel, Sherebiah, Judah, Mahania, appointed over the service of the hands, he and his brothers.
Alongside the priests, the Levites are named as the service corps attached to the restored cult.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLevitesN1M NPM · Λευίτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙησουJeshuaN NSM · Ιησουnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙησου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΒανουιΒανουιN NSM · Βανουιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΒανουι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΚαδμιηλKadmielN NSM · Καδμιηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΚαδμιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΣαραβιαSherebiahN NSM · Σαραβιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαραβια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΙουδαJudahN NSM · Ἰουδάnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜαχανιαΜαχανιαN NSM · Μαχανιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαχανια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χειρῶνhandN3 GPF · χείρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτὸςhe / it / theyRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / it / theyRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
εἰς τὰς ἐφημερίας
According to the service-divisions.
The brief notice emphasizes that Levitical ministry is ordered by appointed rotations rather than left informal.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐφημερίαςservice-division / watchN1 APF · ἐφημερίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐφημερία: meaning 'service-division'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
10
καὶ Ἰησοῦς ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ιωακιμ καὶ Ιωακιμ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ελιασιβ καὶ Ελιασιβ τὸν Ιωδαε
And Jeshua begot Joiakim, and Joiakim begot Eliashib, and Eliashib begot Joiada.
The register moves from the first return to later generations by tracing the line of succession.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἸησοῦςJeshuaN NSM · Ἰησοῦςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἸησοῦς: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐγέννησενbegetVAI AAI3S · γεννάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγεννάω: meaning 'beget'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωακιμJoiakimN ASM · Ιωακιμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωακιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωακιμJoiakimN NSM · Ιωακιμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωακιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐγέννησενbegetVAI AAI3S · γεννάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγεννάω: meaning 'beget'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΕλιασιβEliashibN ASM · Ελιασιβnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλιασιβ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΕλιασιβEliashibN NSM · Ελιασιβnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλιασιβ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωδαεJoiadaN ASM · Ιωδαεnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
11
καὶ Ιωδαε ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ιωναθαν καὶ Ιωναθαν ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ιαδου
And Joiada begot Jonathan, and Jonathan begot Jaddua.
The succession list presses forward into later priestly memory, showing institutional continuity across time.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωδαεJoiadaN NSM · Ιωδαεnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωδαε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐγέννησενbegetVAI AAI3S · γεννάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγεννάω: meaning 'beget'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωναθανJonathanN ASM · Ιωναθανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωναθαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωναθανJonathanN NSM · Ιωναθανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωναθαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐγέννησενbegetVAI AAI3S · γεννάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγεννάω: meaning 'beget'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙαδουJadduaN ASM · Ιαδουnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙαδου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
12
καὶ ἐν ἡμέραις Ιωακιμ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες τῶν πατριῶν τῷ Σαραια Μαραια τῷ Ιερμια Ανανια
And in the days of Joiakim, his brothers the priests and the heads of fathers' houses were these: for Seraiah, Meraiah; for Jeremiah, Hananiah;
The chapter now pairs older priestly houses with the later heads who represented them in Joiakim's generation.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙωακιμJoiakimN GSM · Ιωακιμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωακιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / it / theyRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρχοντεςruler / chiefN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατριῶνfather's house / clanN1A GPF · πατριάgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπατριά: meaning 'father's house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣαραιαSeraiahN DSM · Σαραιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαραια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜαραιαMeraiahN NSM · Μαραιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαραια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙερμιαJeremiahN DSM · Ιερμιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερμια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΑνανιαHananiahN NSM · Ανανιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑνανια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
13
τῷ Εσδρα Μεσουλαμ τῷ Αμαρια Ιωαναν
for Esdras, Meshullam; for Amariah, Johanan;
The paired register continues house by house.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΕσδραEsdrasN DSM · Εσδραnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕσδρα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜεσουλαμMeshullamN NSM · Μεσουλαμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜεσουλαμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑμαριαAmariahN DSM · Αμαριαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑμαρια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΙωανανJohananN NSM · Ιωανανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωαναν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
14
τῷ Μαλουχ Ιωναθαν τῷ Σεχενια Ιωσηφ
for Malluch, Jonathan; for Shecaniah, Joseph;
The list keeps mapping ancestral names onto later representatives.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΜαλουχMalluchN DSM · Μαλουχnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαλουχ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΙωναθανJonathanN NSM · Ιωναθανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωναθαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣεχενιαShecaniahN DSM · Σεχενιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣεχενια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΙωσηφJosephN NSM · Ιωσηφnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωσηφ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
15
τῷ Αρεμ Αδνας τῷ Μαριωθ Ελκαι
for Harim, Adna; for Meraioth, Helkai;
The representative structure continues without narrative interruption.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑρεμHarimN DSM · Αρεμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑρεμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΑδναςAdnaN NSM · Αδναςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑδνας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΜαριωθMeraiothN DSM · Μαριωθnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαριωθ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΕλκαιHelkaiN NSM · Ελκαιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλκαι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
16
τῷ Αδδαι Ζαχαριας τῷ Γαναθων Μοσολλαμ
for Iddo, Zechariah; for Ginnethon, Meshullam;
The verse sustains the archival tone of one priestly house matched to another generation's head.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑδδαιIddoN DSM · Αδδαιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑδδαι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΖαχαριαςZechariahN1 NSM · Ζαχαριαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΖαχαριας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΓαναθωνGinnethonN DSM · Γαναθωνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΓαναθων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜοσολλαμMeshullamN NSM · Μοσολλαμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜοσολλαμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
17
τῷ Αβια Ζεχρι τῷ Βενιαμιν ἐν καιροῖς τῷ Φελητι
for Abijah, Zichri; for Benjamin, in the times of Pheleti;
The transmission line is preserved even where the Greek phrasing is compressed or uneven.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑβιαAbijahN DSM · Αβιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑβια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΖεχριZichriN NSM · Ζεχριnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΖεχρι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΒενιαμινBenjaminN DSM · Βενιαμίνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΒενιαμιν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καιροῖςappointed timeN2 DPM · καιρόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαιρός: meaning 'appointed time'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΦελητιPheletiN DSM · Φελητιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΦελητι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
18
τῷ Βαλγα Σαμουε τῷ Σεμεια Ιωναθαν
for Bilgah, Shammua; for Shemaiah, Jonathan;
The roster maintains its one-house / one-head pattern.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΒαλγαBilgahN DSM · Βαλγαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΒαλγα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΣαμουεShammuaN NSM · Σαμουεnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαμουε: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣεμειαShemaiahN DSM · Σεμειαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣεμεια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΙωναθανJonathanN NSM · Ιωναθανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωναθαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
19
τῷ Ιωιαριβ Μαθθαναι τῷ Ιδια Οζι
for Joiarib, Matthanai; for Jedaiah, Uzzi;
The archival list continues to preserve the later custodians of earlier priestly houses.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωιαριβJoiaribN DSM · Ιωιαριβnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωιαριβ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜαθθαναιMatthanaiN NSM · Μαθθαναιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαθθαναι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙδιαΙδιαN DSM · Ιδιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙδια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΟζιUzziN NSM · Οζιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΟζι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
20
τῷ Σαλλαι Καλλαι τῷ Αμουκ Αβεδ
for Sallai, Kallai; for Amok, Ebed;
The chapter remains in documentary mode, emphasizing continuity over narrative movement.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣαλλαιSallaiN DSM · Σαλλαιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλλαι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΚαλλαιKallaiN NSM · Καλλαιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΚαλλαι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑμουκAmokN DSM · Αμουκnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑμουκ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΑβεδEbedN NSM · Αβεδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑβεδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
21
τῷ Ελκια Ασαβιας τῷ Ιεδεϊου Ναθαναηλ
for Hilkiah, Hashabiah; for Jedaeu, Nethanel.
The paired priestly roster reaches its close.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΕλκιαHilkiahN DSM · Ελκιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλκια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΑσαβιαςHashabiahN NSM · Ασαβιαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑσαβιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙεδεϊουJedaeuN DSM · Ιεδεϊουnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙεδεϊου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΝαθαναηλNethanelN NSM · Ναθαναηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΝαθαναηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
22
οἱ Λευῖται ἐν ἡμέραις Ελιασιβ Ιωαδα καὶ Ιωαναν καὶ Ιδουα γεγραμμένοι ἄρχοντες πατριῶν καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς ἐν βασιλείᾳ Δαρείου τοῦ Πέρσου
The Levites in the days of Eliashib, Joiada, Johanan, and Iddoua were recorded as heads of fathers' houses, and so also the priests, in the reign of Darius the Persian.
The text explicitly marks these rosters as written records belonging to identifiable historical reigns and generations.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLevitesN1M NPM · Λευίτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΕλιασιβEliashibN GSM · Ελιασιβnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλιασιβ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΙωαδαJoiadaN GSM · Ιωαδαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωαδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωανανJohananN GSM · Ιωανανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωαναν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙδουαIddouaN GSM · Ιδουαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙδουα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
γεγραμμένοιwriteVP · χππνπμ γράφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχππνπμ γράφω: meaning 'write'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄρχοντεςruler / chiefN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πατριῶνfather's house / clanN1A GPF · πατριάgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπατριά: meaning 'father's house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βασιλείᾳreign / kingdomN1A DSF · βασιλείαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceβασιλεία: meaning 'reign'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΔαρείουDariusN2 GSM · Δαρεῖοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΔαρείου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΠέρσουPersianN1M GSM · Πέρσηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΠέρσου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
23
υἱοὶ Λευι ἄρχοντες τῶν πατριῶν γεγραμμένοι ἐπὶ βιβλίῳ λόγων τῶν ἡμερῶν καὶ ἕως ἡμερῶν Ιωαναν υἱοῦ Ελισουβ
The sons of Levi, heads of fathers' houses, were written in the book of the chronicles, even up to the days of Johanan son of Elisoub.
Levitical succession is tied to written archives, underscoring that restored worship depends on remembered order.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΛευιΛευίN GSM · Λευίnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΛευι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἄρχοντεςruler / chiefN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατριῶνfather's house / clanN1A GPF · πατριάgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπατριά: meaning 'father's house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
γεγραμμένοιwriteVP · χμπνπμ γράφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπνπμ γράφω: meaning 'write'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βιβλίῳbookN2N DSN · βιβλίονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceβιβλίον: meaning 'book'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
λόγωνmatter / wordN2 GPM · λόγοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλόγος: meaning 'matter'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςuntil / as far asP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙωανανJohananN GSM · Ιωανανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωαναν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΕλισουβElisoubN GSM · Ελισουβnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλισουβ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
24
καὶ ἄρχοντες τῶν Λευιτῶν Ασαβια καὶ Σαραβια καὶ Ιησου καὶ υἱοὶ Καδμιηλ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν κατεναντίον αὐτῶν εἰς ὑμνεῖν καὶ αἰνεῖν ἐν ἐντολῇ Δαυιδ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ θεοῦ ἐφημερία πρὸς ἐφημερίαν
And the heads of the Levites were Hashabiah and Sherebiah and Jeshua and the sons of Kadmiel, with their brothers opposite them, to hymn and to praise according to the command of David the man of God, watch corresponding to watch.
The Levites are arranged antiphonally and by watches, so that praise itself appears as an inherited and disciplined ministry.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄρχοντεςruler / chiefN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευιτῶνLeviteN1M GPM · Λευίτηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΛευιτῶν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΑσαβιαHashabiahN NSM · Ασαβιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑσαβια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΣαραβιαSherebiahN NSM · Σαραβιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαραβια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙησουJeshuaN NSM · Ιησουnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙησου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΚαδμιηλKadmielN GSM · Καδμιηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΚαδμιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατεναντίονoppositeP · κατεναντίονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατεναντίον: meaning 'opposite'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὑμνεῖνsing a hymnV2 PAN · ὑμνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementὑμνέω: meaning 'sing a hymn'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἰνεῖνpraiseV2 PAN · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐντολῇcommandN1 DSF · ἐντολήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐντολή: meaning 'command'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἀνθρώπουman / humanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐφημερίαservice-division / watchN1A NSF · ἐφημερίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐφημερία: meaning 'service-division'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'toward'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐφημερίανservice-division / watchN1A ASF · ἐφημερίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐφημερία: meaning 'service-division'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
25
ἐν τῷ συναγαγεῖν με τοὺς πυλωροὺς
At the gathering, together with the gatekeepers.
The Greek is abbreviated here, but it preserves the association of the Levitical order with the gatekeepers and gathered service.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συναγαγεῖνgatherVB AAN · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεI / meRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλωροὺςgatekeeperN2 APM · πυλωρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπυλωρός: meaning 'gatekeeper'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
26
ἐν ἡμέραις Ιωακιμ υἱοῦ Ἰησοῦ υἱοῦ Ιωσεδεκ καὶ ἐν ἡμέραις Νεεμια καὶ Εσδρας ὁ ἱερεὺς ὁ γραμματεύς
In the days of Joiakim son of Jeshua son of Josedek, and in the days of Nehemiah and Esdras the priest, the scribe.
The personnel lists are tied directly to the age of Nehemiah and Ezra, linking archival memory with the narrative present.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙωακιμJoiakimN GSM · Ιωακιμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωακιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἸησοῦJeshuaN GSM · Ἰησοῦςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἸησοῦ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙωσεδεκJosedekN GSM · Ιωσεδεκnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωσεδεκ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΝεεμιαNehemiahN GSM · Νεεμιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΝεεμια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΕσδραςEsdrasN GSM · Εσδραςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕσδρας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεὺςpriestN3V NSM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γραμματεύςscribeN3V NSM · γραμματεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγραμματεύς: meaning 'scribe'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
27
καὶ ἐν ἐγκαινίοις τείχους Ιερουσαλημ ἐζήτησαν τοὺς Λευίτας ἐν τοῖς τόποις αὐτῶν τοῦ ἐνέγκαι αὐτοὺς εἰς Ιερουσαλημ ποιῆσαι ἐγκαίνια καὶ εὐφροσύνην ἐν θωδαθα καὶ ἐν ᾠδαῖς κυμβαλίζοντες καὶ ψαλτήρια καὶ κινύραι
And at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem they sought the Levites in their places, to bring them to Jerusalem in order to celebrate the dedication and rejoicing, with thanksgivings and with songs, clashing cymbals, psalteries, and lyres.
The chapter turns from recorded succession to public ceremony, gathering dispersed Levites so that the city's wall can be dedicated with music and joy.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐγκαινίοιςdedicationN2N DPN · ἐγκαινίοιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐγκαινίοις: meaning 'dedication'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τείχουςwallN3E GSN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐζήτησανseekVAI AAI3P · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristζητέω: meaning 'seek'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευίταςLevitesN1M APM · Λευίτηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΛευίτας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόποιςplaceN2 DPM · τόποςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνέγκαιbringVAI AAN · φέρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementφέρω: meaning 'bring'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / it / theyRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ποιῆσαιdo / makeVA AAN · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐγκαίνιαdedicationN2N APN · ἐγκαίνιαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐγκαίνια: meaning 'dedication'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐφροσύνηνjoy / rejoicingN1 ASF · εὐφροσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'joy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θωδαθαthanksgivingsN DSM · θωδαθαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastθωδαθα: meaning 'thanksgivings'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾠδαῖςsongN1 DPF · ᾠδήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κυμβαλίζοντεςclash cymbalsV1 · παπνπμ κυμβαλίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ κυμβαλίζω: meaning 'clash cymbals'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ψαλτήριαpsalteryN2N NPN · ψαλτήριονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψαλτήριον: meaning 'psaltery'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κινύραιlyreN1A NPF · κινύραnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκινύρα: meaning 'lyre'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
28
καὶ συνήχθησαν οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν ᾀδόντων καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς περιχώρου κυκλόθεν εἰς Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ἀπὸ ἐπαύλεων
And the sons of the singers were gathered together both from the surrounding district around Jerusalem and from the villages,
The musical personnel are summoned from the region around the city for the dedication liturgy.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνήχθησανgatherVQI API3P · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾀδόντωνsingV1 · παπγπμ ᾄδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγπμ ᾄδω: meaning 'sing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
περιχώρουsurrounding districtA1B GSF · περίχωροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπερίχωρος: meaning 'surrounding district'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κυκλόθενall aroundP · κυκλόθενpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκυκλόθεν: meaning 'all around'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐπαύλεωνvillage / hamletN3I GPF · ἔπαυλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔπαυλις: meaning 'village'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
29
καὶ ἀπὸ ἀγρῶν ὅτι ἐπαύλεις ᾠκοδόμησαν ἑαυτοῖς οἱ ᾄδοντες ἐν Ιερουσαλημ
and from the fields, because the singers had built villages for themselves around Jerusalem.
The verse explains why singers must be gathered from outside the city: they live in rural clusters around Jerusalem.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀγρῶνfieldN2 GPM · ἀγρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀγρός: meaning 'field'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπαύλειςvillage / hamletN3I APF · ἔπαυλιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔπαυλις: meaning 'village'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ᾠκοδόμησανbuildVAI AAI3P · οἰκοδομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: meaning 'build'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἑαυτοῖςthemselves / their ownRD DPM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἑαυτοῖς: meaning 'themselves'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾄδοντεςsingV1 · παπνπμ ᾄδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ᾄδω: meaning 'sing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
30
καὶ ἐκαθαρίσθησαν οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ οἱ Λευῖται καὶ ἐκαθάρισαν τὸν λαὸν καὶ τοὺς πυλωροὺς καὶ τὸ τεῖχος
And the priests and the Levites were purified, and they purified the people and the gatekeepers and the wall.
The dedication begins with ritual cleansing that extends from ministers to people to structures.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκαθαρίσθησανcleanse / purifyVSI API3P · καθαρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκαθαρίζω: meaning 'cleanse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLevitesN1M NPM · Λευίτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκαθάρισανcleanse / purifyVAI AAI3P · καθαρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκαθαρίζω: meaning 'cleanse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλωροὺςgatekeeperN2 APM · πυλωρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπυλωρός: meaning 'gatekeeper'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τεῖχοςwallN3E ASN · τεῖχοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
31
καὶ ἀνήνεγκα τοὺς ἄρχοντας Ιουδα ἐπάνω τοῦ τείχους καὶ ἔστησα δύο περὶ αἰνέσεως μεγάλους καὶ διῆλθον ἐκ δεξιῶν ἐπάνω τοῦ τείχους τῆς κοπρίας
And I brought the rulers of Judah up upon the wall and appointed two great companies for praise, and they went to the right upon the wall by the Dung Gate.
Nehemiah arranges a ceremonially ordered procession, turning the wall into the route of praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνήνεγκαbring upVAI AAI1S · φέρω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφέρω + ἀνα: meaning 'bring up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρχονταςruler / chiefN3 APM · ἄρχωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ἰουδάnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐπάνωupon / aboveP · ἐπάνωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπάνω: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τείχουςwallN3E GSN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστησαset / appoint / standVAI AAI1S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δύοtwoM NDM · δύοadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδύο: meaning 'two'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περὶaround / concerningP · περίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπερὶ: meaning 'around'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αἰνέσεωςpraiseN3I GSF · αἴνεσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἴνεσις: meaning 'praise'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μεγάλουςgreatA1 APM · μέγαςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διῆλθονpass throughVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἔρχομαι + δια: meaning 'pass through'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκout of / fromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'out of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δεξιῶνright-handA1A GPM · δεξιόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδεξιός: meaning 'right-hand'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐπάνωupon / aboveP · ἐπάνωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπάνω: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τείχουςwallN3E GSN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοπρίαςdungN1A GSF · κοπρίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκοπρία: meaning 'dung'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
32
καὶ ἐπορεύθη ὀπίσω αὐτῶν Ωσαια καὶ ἥμισυ ἀρχόντων Ιουδα
And after them went Hoshaiah and half the rulers of Judah,
The first company is described in its civic leadership.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπορεύθηgoVCI API3S · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπορεύομαι: meaning 'go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὀπίσωafter / behindD · ὀπίσωadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὀπίσω: meaning 'after'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΩσαιαHoshaiahN NSM · Ωσαιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΩσαια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἥμισυhalfA3U ASN · ἥμισυςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἥμισυς: meaning 'half'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀρχόντωνruler / chiefN3 GPM · ἄρχωνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ἰουδάnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
33
καὶ Αζαριας Εσδρας καὶ Μεσουλαμ
and Azariah, Esdras, and Meshullam,
Named participants mark the procession's representative breadth.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΑζαριαςAzariahN NSM · Αζαριαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑζαριας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΕσδραςEsdrasN NSM · Εσδραςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕσδρας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΜεσουλαμMeshullamN NSM · Μεσουλαμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜεσουλαμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
34
Ιουδα καὶ Βενιαμιν καὶ Σαμαια καὶ Ιερμια
Judah, Benjamin, Shemaiah, and Jeremiah,
The list continues with leading figures moving in the first company.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ΙουδαJudahN NSM · Ἰουδάnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΒενιαμινBenjaminN NSM · Βενιαμίνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΒενιαμιν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΣαμαιαΣαμαιαN NSM · Σαμαιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαμαια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙερμιαJeremiahN NSM · Ιερμιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερμια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
35
καὶ ἀπὸ υἱῶν τῶν ἱερέων ἐν σάλπιγξιν Ζαχαριας υἱὸς Ιωναθαν υἱὸς Σαμαια υἱὸς Μαθανια υἱὸς Μιχαια υἱὸς Ζακχουρ υἱὸς Ασαφ
and from the sons of the priests, with trumpets: Zechariah son of Jonathan, son of Shemaiah, son of Mattaniah, son of Michaiah, son of Zaccur, son of Asaph,
Priestly trumpet-blowers are inserted into the procession, joining musical and sacerdotal ministries.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
υἱῶνsonN2 GPM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέωνpriestN3V GPM · ἱερεύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σάλπιγξινtrumpetN3G DPF · σάλπιγξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσάλπιγξ: meaning 'trumpet'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΖαχαριαςZechariahN1 NSM · Ζαχαριαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΖαχαριας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙωναθανJonathanN GSM · Ιωναθανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωναθαν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΣαμαιαΣαμαιαN GSM · Σαμαιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαμαια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΜαθανιαMattaniahN GSM · Μαθανιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαθανια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΜιχαιαMichaiahN GSM · Μιχαιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜιχαια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΖακχουρZaccurN GSM · Ζακχουρnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΖακχουρ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΑσαφAsaphN GSM · Ασαφnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑσαφ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
36
καὶ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ Σαμαια καὶ Οζιηλ αἰνεῖν ἐν ᾠδαῖς Δαυιδ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ Εσδρας ὁ γραμματεὺς ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν
and his brothers, Shemaiah and Uziel, to offer praise with the songs of David the man of God, and Esdras the scribe was before them.
The first company is explicitly patterned on Davidic song, with Esdras functioning as a visible leader.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / it / theyRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΣαμαιαΣαμαιαN NSM · Σαμαιαnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαμαια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΟζιηλUzielN NSM · Οζιηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΟζιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
αἰνεῖνpraiseV2 PAN · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾠδαῖςsongN1 DPF · ᾠδήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἀνθρώπουman / humanN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΕσδραςEsdrasN NSM · Εσδραςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕσδρας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γραμματεὺςscribeN3V NSM · γραμματεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγραμματεύς: meaning 'scribe'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔμπροσθενἔμπροσθενP · ἔμπροσθενpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἔμπροσθεν: meaning 'ἔμπροσθεν'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
37
ἐπὶ πύλης τοῦ αιν κατέναντι αὐτῶν ἀνέβησαν ἐπὶ κλίμακας πόλεως Δαυιδ ἐν ἀναβάσει τοῦ τείχους ἐπάνωθεν τοῦ οἴκου Δαυιδ καὶ ἕως πύλης τοῦ ὕδατος κατὰ ἀνατολάς
At the Fountain Gate, opposite them, they went up by the steps of the city of David, by the ascent of the wall, above the house of David, and as far as the Water Gate toward the east.
The path of the first company traces the sanctified urban topography of Jerusalem.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πύληςgateN1 GSF · πύληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αιναινN GSM · αινadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastαιν: meaning 'αιν'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατέναντικατέναντιP · κατέναντιpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατέναντι: meaning 'κατέναντι'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀνέβησανgo upVZI AAI3P · βαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'go up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κλίμακαςstairsN3K APF · κλίμαξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκλίμαξ: meaning 'stairs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀναβάσειascentN3I DSF · ἀνάβασιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀνάβασις: meaning 'ascent'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τείχουςwallN3E GSN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐπάνωθενaboveP · ἐπάνωθενpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπάνωθεν: meaning 'above'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςuntil / as far asP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πύληςgateN1 GSF · πύληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕδατοςwaterN3T GSN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀνατολάςeastN1 APF · ἀνατολήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνατολή: meaning 'east'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
38
καὶ περὶ αἰνέσεως ἡ δευτέρα ἐπορεύετο συναντῶσα αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐγὼ ὀπίσω αὐτῆς καὶ τὸ ἥμισυ τοῦ λαοῦ ἐπάνω τοῦ τείχους ὑπεράνω τοῦ πύργου τῶν θεννουριμ καὶ ἕως τοῦ τείχους τοῦ πλατέος
And the second company for praise went the other way to meet them, and I was after it, with half the people upon the wall, above the Tower of the Ovens and as far as the Broad Wall,
A matching company circles the city from the other direction, creating a full surround of praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περὶaround / concerningP · περίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπερὶ: meaning 'around'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αἰνέσεωςpraiseN3I GSF · αἴνεσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἴνεσις: meaning 'praise'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέραsecondA1A NSF · δεύτεροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδεύτερος: meaning 'second'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπορεύετοgoV1I IMI3S · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processπορεύομαι: meaning 'go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
συναντῶσαmeetV3 · παπνσφ ἀντάω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ ἀντάω + συν: meaning 'meet'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / it / theyRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼI / meRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὀπίσωafter / behindP · ὀπίσωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὀπίσω: meaning 'after'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῆςhe / it / theyRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἥμισυhalfA3U ASN · ἥμισυςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἥμισυς: meaning 'half'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐπάνωupon / aboveP · ὠπάνωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπάνω: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τείχουςwallN3E GSN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὑπεράνωaboveP · ὑπεράνωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπεράνω: meaning 'above'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πύργουtowerN2 GSM · πύργοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύργος: meaning 'tower'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεννουριμθεννουριμN GSM · θεννουριμadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastθεννουριμ: meaning 'θεννουριμ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςuntil / as far asP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τείχουςwallN3E GSN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλατέοςbroadA3U GSM · πλατύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπλατύς: meaning 'broad'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
39
καὶ ὑπεράνω τῆς πύλης Εφραιμ καὶ ἐπὶ πύλην τῆς ισανα καὶ ἐπὶ πύλην τὴν ἰχθυηρὰν καὶ πύργῳ Ανανεηλ καὶ ἕως πύλης τῆς προβατικῆς καὶ ἔστησαν ἐν πύλῃ τῆς φυλακῆς
and above the Gate of Ephraim and by the Old Gate and by the Fish Gate and the Tower of Hananel and as far as the Sheep Gate; and they halted at the Gate of the Guard.
The second route names the northern and northeastern landmarks that complete the circuit.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπεράνωaboveP · ὑπεράνωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπεράνω: meaning 'above'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πύληςgateN1 GSF · πύληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΕφραιμEphraimN GSM · Ἐφράιμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕφραιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πύληνgateN1 ASF · πύληaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ισαναισαναN GSF · ισαναadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastισανα: meaning 'ισανα'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πύληνgateN1 ASF · πύληaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰχθυηρὰνfishA1A ASF · ἰχθυηρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἰχθυηρός: meaning 'fish'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πύργῳtowerN2 DSM · πύργοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπύργος: meaning 'tower'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΑνανεηλHananelN GSM · Ανανεηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑνανεηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςuntil / as far asP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πύληςgateN1 GSF · πύληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προβατικῆςsheepA1 GSF · προβατικόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπροβατικός: meaning 'sheep'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστησανset / appoint / standVAI AAI3P · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πύλῃgateN1 DSF · πύληdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φυλακῆςcharge / guardN1 GSF · φυλακήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationφυλακή: meaning 'charge'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
40
καὶ ἔστησαν αἱ δύο τῆς αἰνέσεως ἐν οἴκῳ τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἐγὼ καὶ τὸ ἥμισυ τῶν στρατηγῶν μετ' ἐμοῦ
And the two companies for praise stood in the house of God, and I and half the magistrates with me,
The wall-processions culminate not in dispersion but in gathered worship at the temple.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστησανset / appoint / standVAI AAI3P · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δύοtwoM NDM · δύοadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδύο: meaning 'two'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰνέσεωςpraiseN3I GSF · αἴνεσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἴνεσις: meaning 'praise'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼI / meRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἥμισυhalfA3U ASN · ἥμισυςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἥμισυς: meaning 'half'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στρατηγῶνmagistrate / officerN2 GPM · στρατηγόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationστρατηγός: meaning 'magistrate'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μετ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐμοῦI / meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἐμοῦ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
41
καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς Ελιακιμ Μαασιας Βενιαμιν Μιχαιας Ελιωηναι Ζαχαριας Ανανιας ἐν σάλπιγξιν
and the priests Eliakim, Maaseias, Benjamin, Michaeas, Elioenai, Zechariah, and Ananias with trumpets,
The temple gathering continues with named priests and instruments.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΕλιακιμEliakimN NSM · Ελιακιμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλιακιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜαασιαςMaaseiasN NSM · Μαασιαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαασιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΒενιαμινBenjaminN NSM · Βενιαμίνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΒενιαμιν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΜιχαιαςMichaeasN NSM · Μιχαιαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜιχαιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΕλιωηναιElioenaiN NSM · Ελιωηναιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλιωηναι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΖαχαριαςZechariahN1 NSM · Ζαχαριαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΖαχαριας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΑνανιαςAnaniasN NSM · Ανανιαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑνανιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σάλπιγξινtrumpetN3G DPF · σάλπιγξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσάλπιγξ: meaning 'trumpet'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
42
καὶ Μαασιας καὶ Σεμειας καὶ Ελεαζαρ καὶ Οζι καὶ Ιωαναν καὶ Μελχιας καὶ Αιλαμ καὶ Εζουρ καὶ ἠκούσθησαν οἱ ᾄδοντες καὶ ἐπεσκέπησαν
and Maaseias and Semeias and Eleazar and Uzzi and Johanan and Melchias and Ailam and Ezur; and the singers were heard, and they were attended.
The audible character of the ceremony is highlighted: the singers are heard, and the celebration becomes public sound.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΜαασιαςMaaseiasN NSM · Μαασιαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜαασιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΣεμειαςSemeiasN NSM · Σεμειαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣεμειας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΕλεαζαρEleazarN NSM · Ελεαζαρnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕλεαζαρ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΟζιUzziN NSM · Οζιnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΟζι: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙωανανJohananN NSM · Ιωανανnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωαναν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΜελχιαςMelchiasN NSM · Μελχιαςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜελχιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΑιλαμAilamN NSM · Αιλαμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑιλαμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΕζουρEzurN NSM · Εζουρnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΕζουρ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠκούσθησανhearVCI AAI3P · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾄδοντεςsingV1 · παπνπμ ᾄδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ᾄδω: meaning 'sing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπεσκέπησανdirect / overseeVVI API3P · σκέπτω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσκέπτω + ἐπι: meaning 'direct'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
43
καὶ ἔθυσαν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ θυσιάσματα μεγάλα καὶ ηὐφράνθησαν ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ηὔφρανεν αὐτοὺς μεγάλως καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ τέκνα αὐτῶν ηὐφράνθησαν καὶ ἠκούσθη ἡ εὐφροσύνη ἐν Ιερουσαλημ ἀπὸ μακρόθεν
And they sacrificed on that day great sacrifices and rejoiced, because God had made them rejoice greatly; and their wives and their children rejoiced, and the rejoicing in Jerusalem was heard from far away.
Sacrifice, divine joy, family participation, and the city's audible gladness bring the dedication to its climax.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔθυσανsacrificeVAI AAI3P · θύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθύω: meaning 'sacrifice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐκείνῃ: meaning 'that'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θυσιάσματαsacrificeN3M APN · θυσίασμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυσίασμα: meaning 'sacrifice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μεγάλαgreatA1 APN · μέγαςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ηὐφράνθησανrejoice / gladdenVCI API3P · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐφραίνω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ηὔφρανενrejoice / gladdenVAI AAI3S · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐφραίνω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / it / theyRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μεγάλωςgreatlyD · μεγάλωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμεγάλως: meaning 'greatly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γυναῖκεςwoman / wifeN3K NPF · γυνήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγυνή: meaning 'woman'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέκναchildN2N NPN · τέκνονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτέκνον: meaning 'child'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ηὐφράνθησανrejoice / gladdenVZI API3P · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐφραίνω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠκούσθηhearVCI API3S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐφροσύνηjoy / rejoicingN1 NSF · εὐφροσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'joy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μακρόθενfrom afarD · μακρόθενadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμακρόθεν: meaning 'from afar'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
44
καὶ κατέστησαν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἄνδρας ἐπὶ τῶν γαζοφυλακίων τοῖς θησαυροῖς ταῖς ἀπαρχαῖς καὶ ταῖς δεκάταις καὶ τοῖς συνηγμένοις ἐν αὐτοῖς ἄρχουσιν τῶν πόλεων μερίδας τοῖς ἱερεῦσι καὶ τοῖς Λευίταις ὅτι εὐφροσύνη ἦν ἐν Ιουδα ἐπὶ τοὺς ἱερεῖς καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς Λευίτας τοὺς ἑστῶτας
And on that day they appointed men over the treasuries, for the treasures, the firstfruits, and the tithes, and for the things gathered into them from the rulers of the cities, portions for the priests and for the Levites, because there was joy in Judah over the priests and over the Levites who stood in service.
The chapter moves from celebration to sustainable provision, appointing officials and portions for ongoing temple life.
Word-by-word analysis· 45 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατέστησανappoint / set overVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + κατα: meaning 'appoint'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐκείνῃ: meaning 'that'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἄνδραςmanN3 APM · ἀνήρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γαζοφυλακίωνstoreroom / treasuryN2N GPN · γαζοφυλάκιονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγαζοφυλάκιον: meaning 'storeroom'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θησαυροῖςtreasuryN2 DPM · θησαυρόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθησαυρός: meaning 'treasury'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀπαρχαῖςfirstfruitsN1 DPF · ἀπαρχήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀπαρχή: meaning 'firstfruits'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεκάταιςtitheA1 DPF · δέκατοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδέκατος: meaning 'tithe'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συνηγμένοιςgatherVK · χμπδπμ ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπδπμ ἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοῖςhe / it / theyRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἄρχουσινruler / chiefN3 DPM · ἄρχωνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόλεωνcityN3I GPF · πόλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μερίδαςportionN3D APF · μερίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμερίς: meaning 'portion'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῦσιpriestN3V DPM · ἱερεύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευίταιςLevitesN1M DPM · Λευίτηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ participant identificationΛευίταις: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐφροσύνηjoy / rejoicingN1 NSF · εὐφροσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'joy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἦνεἰμίV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ participant referenceἦν: meaning 'εἰμί'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙουδαJudahN DSM · Ἰουδάnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V APM · ἱερεύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶupon / overP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευίταςLevitesN1M APM · Λευίτηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΛευίτας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑστῶταςstanding / servingVXI XAPAPMI(/STHMIverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ participial qualificationἑστῶτας: meaning 'standing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
45
καὶ ἐφύλαξαν φυλακὰς θεοῦ αὐτῶν καὶ φυλακὰς τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ καὶ τοὺς ᾄδοντας καὶ τοὺς πυλωροὺς ὡς ἐντολαὶ Δαυιδ καὶ Σαλωμων υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ
And they kept the charges of their God and the charges of purification, and so also the singers and the gatekeepers, according to the commands of David and Solomon his son.
The restored order is explicitly tied to inherited royal patterns and to disciplined observance.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐφύλαξανkeep / guardVAI AAI3P · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφυλάσσω: meaning 'keep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φυλακὰςcharge / guardN1 APF · φυλακήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφυλακή: meaning 'charge'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνhe / it / theyRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φυλακὰςcharge / guardN1 APF · φυλακήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφυλακή: meaning 'charge'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καθαρισμοῦpurificationN2 GSM · καθαρισμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαθαρισμός: meaning 'purification'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾄδονταςsingV1 · παπαπμ ᾄδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπαπμ ᾄδω: meaning 'sing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλωροὺςgatekeeperN2 APM · πυλωρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπυλωρός: meaning 'gatekeeper'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςas / whenC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐντολαὶcommandN1 NPF · ἐντολήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐντολή: meaning 'command'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΣαλωμωνSolomonN GSM · Σαλωμώνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλωμων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhe / it / theyRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
46
ὅτι ἐν ἡμέραις Δαυιδ Ασαφ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς πρῶτος τῶν ᾀδόντων καὶ ὕμνον καὶ αἴνεσιν τῷ θεῷ
For in the days of David, Asaph from the beginning was chief of the singers, and there was hymn and praise to God.
The verse grounds present worship in ancient precedent, making the restored liturgy a continuation rather than a novelty.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ΑσαφAsaphN GSM · Ασαφnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑσαφ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀρχῆςbeginningN1 GSF · ἀρχήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀρχή: meaning 'beginning'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πρῶτοςfirstA1 NSMS · πρῶτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπρῶτος: meaning 'first'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾀδόντωνsingV1 · παπγπμ ᾄδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγπμ ᾄδω: meaning 'sing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕμνονhymnN2 ASM · ὕμνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕμνος: meaning 'hymn'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἴνεσινpraiseN3I ASF · αἴνεσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἴνεσις: meaning 'praise'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
47
καὶ πᾶς Ισραηλ ἐν ἡμέραις Ζοροβαβελ διδόντες μερίδας τῶν ᾀδόντων καὶ τῶν πυλωρῶν λόγον ἡμέρας ἐν ἡμέρᾳ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἁγιάζοντες τοῖς Λευίταις καὶ οἱ Λευῖται ἁγιάζοντες τοῖς υἱοῖς Ααρων
And all Israel in the days of Zerubbabel gave the portions of the singers and of the gatekeepers, the matter of each day on its day; and they consecrated portions for the Levites, and the Levites consecrated them for the sons of Aaron.
The chapter ends by showing daily provision and graded consecration as the stable foundation of restored praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶςall / everyA3 NSM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙσραηλIsraelN NSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN GSM · Ζοροβαβελnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΖοροβαβελ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
διδόντεςgiveV8 · παπνπμ δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ δίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μερίδαςportionN3D APF · μερίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμερίς: meaning 'portion'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾀδόντωνsingV1 · παπγπμ ᾄδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγπμ ᾄδω: meaning 'sing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλωρῶνgatekeeperN2 GPM · πυλωρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπυλωρός: meaning 'gatekeeper'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
λόγονmatter / wordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'matter'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡμέραςdayN1A GSF · ἡμέραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhe / it / theyRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁγιάζοντεςsanctify / consecrateV1 · παπνπμ ἁγιάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἁγιάζω: meaning 'sanctify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευίταιςLevitesN1M DPM · Λευίτηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ participant identificationΛευίταις: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLevitesN1M NPM · Λευίτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἁγιάζοντεςsanctify / consecrateV1 · παπνπμ ἁγιάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἁγιάζω: meaning 'sanctify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςsonN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΑαρωνAaronN GSM · Ἀαρώνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑαρων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.