1
Μακκαβαῖος δὲ καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ τοῦ κυρίου προάγοντος αὐτοὺς τὸ μὲν ἱερὸν ἐκομίσαντο καὶ τὴν πόλιν
Now Maccabaeus and those with him, the Lord leading them on, recovered the temple and the city.
The chapter opens by attributing Jerusalem's recovery not merely to human force but to the Lord's guidance.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ΜακκαβαῖοςMaccabaeusN2 NSM · Μακκαβαῖοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing its complementσύν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative complement or reference termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'to him' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier or complementκύριος: lexical item rendered 'of the LORD' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προάγοντοςagoV1 · παπγσμ ἄγω + προparticiple elaborating the clause actionἄγω + προ: verbal form rendered 'ago' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςobject or complement within the clauseαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'them' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μὲνon the one handX · μένadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμέν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on the one hand' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἱερὸνsanctuaryN2N ASN · ἱερόςobject or complement within the clauseἱερός: lexical item rendered 'sanctuary' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐκομίσαντοrecoverVAI AMI3P · κομίζωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeκομίζω: verbal form rendered 'recover' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςobject or complement within the clauseπόλις: lexical item rendered 'city' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
2
τοὺς δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἀγορὰν βωμοὺς ὑπὸ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων δεδημιουργημένους ἔτι δὲ τεμένη καθεῖλαν
And they tore down the altars that had been built by the foreigners in the marketplace, as well as the sacred precincts.
The recovery of the city is expressed concretely through the destruction of alien cult installations.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'according to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀγορὰνmarketplaceN1A ASF · ἀγοράobject or complement within the clauseἀγορά: lexical item rendered 'marketplace' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
βωμοὺςaltarsN2 APM · βωμόςobject or complement within the clauseβωμός: lexical item rendered 'altars' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'by' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀλλοφύλωνforeignersA1B GPM · ἀλλόφυλοςgenitive modifier or complementἀλλόφυλος: lexical item rendered 'foreigners' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δεδημιουργημένουςdemiourgeoVM · χμπαπμ δημιουργέωparticiple elaborating the clause actionδημιουργέω: verbal form rendered 'demiourgeo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἔτι: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'still' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τεμένηsacred precinctsN3E APN · τέμενοςobject or complement within the clauseτέμενος: lexical item rendered 'sacred precincts' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καθεῖλανthey pulled downVA AAN · αἱρέω + καταinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ κατα: verbal form rendered 'they pulled down' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
3
καὶ τὸν νεὼ καθαρίσαντες ἕτερον θυσιαστήριον ἐποίησαν καὶ πυρώσαντες λίθους καὶ πῦρ ἐκ τούτων λαβόντες ἀνήνεγκαν θυσίας μετὰ διετῆ χρόνον καὶ θυμίαμα καὶ λύχνους καὶ τῶν ἄρτων τὴν πρόθεσιν ἐποιήσαντο
After cleansing the sanctuary they made another altar, and striking fire from stones they offered sacrifices after two years, and they offered incense and lamps and set out the presentation of the loaves.
The restoration of worship is narrated in careful liturgical detail to mark the renewal of legitimate cult.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
νεὼtempleN2 ASM · νεώςobject or complement within the clauseνεώς: lexical item rendered 'temple' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καθαρίσαντεςcleanseVA · ααπνπμ καθαρίζωparticiple elaborating the clause actionκαθαρίζω: verbal form rendered 'cleanse' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἕτερονotherA1A ASN · ἕτεροςobject or complement within the clauseἕτερος: lexical item rendered 'other' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονobject or complement within the clauseθυσιαστήριον: lexical item rendered 'altar' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐποίησανdidVAI AAI3P · ποιέωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeποιέω: verbal form rendered 'did' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πυρώσαντεςheatVA · ααπνπμ πυρόωparticiple elaborating the clause actionπυρόω: verbal form rendered 'heat' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
λίθουςstoneN2 APM · λίθοςobject or complement within the clauseλίθος: lexical item rendered 'stone' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πῦρfireN3 ASN · πῦρobject or complement within the clauseπῦρ: lexical item rendered 'fire' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complementἐκ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'from' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τούτωνtheseRD GPM · οὗτοςgenitive modifier or complementοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
λαβόντεςtakeVB · ααπνπμ λαμβάνωparticiple elaborating the clause actionλαμβάνω: verbal form rendered 'take' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀνήνεγκανbring up / offerVAI AAI3P · φέρω + ἀναfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'bring up / offer' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
θυσίαςsacrificeN1A APF · θυσίαobject or complement within the clauseθυσία: lexical item rendered 'sacrifice' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
διετῆdietesA3H ASM · διετήςobject or complement within the clauseδιετής: lexical item rendered 'dietes' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςobject or complement within the clauseχρόνος: lexical item rendered 'time' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
θυμίαμαincenseN3M ASN · θυμίαμαobject or complement within the clauseθυμίαμα: lexical item rendered 'incense' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
λύχνουςlampsN2 APM · λύχνοςobject or complement within the clauseλύχνος: lexical item rendered 'lamps' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἄρτωνof bread / loavesN2 GPM · ἄρτοςgenitive modifier or complementἄρτος: lexical item rendered 'of bread / loaves' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρόθεσινshowbreadN3I ASF · πρόθεσιςobject or complement within the clauseπρόθεσις: lexical item rendered 'showbread' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐποιήσαντοmade / didVAI AMI3P · ποιέωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeποιέω: verbal form rendered 'made / did' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
4
ταῦτα δὲ ποιήσαντες ἠξίωσαν τὸν κύριον πεσόντες ἐπὶ κοιλίαν μηκέτι περιπεσεῖν τοιούτοις κακοῖς ἀλλ' ἐάν ποτε καὶ ἁμάρτωσιν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ μετὰ ἐπιεικείας παιδεύεσθαι καὶ μὴ βλασφήμοις καὶ βαρβάροις ἔθνεσιν παραδίδοσθαι
When they had done these things, they fell prostrate on their bellies and begged the Lord that they might no longer fall into such evils, but that if they should ever sin, they might be disciplined by him with forbearance and not be handed over to blasphemous and barbarous nations.
The restored cult immediately leads to a penitential prayer that interprets suffering as covenant discipline rather than abandonment.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςobject or complement within the clauseοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these things' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ποιήσαντεςpoieoVA · ααπνπμ ποιέωparticiple elaborating the clause actionποιέω: verbal form rendered 'poieo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἠξίωσανaskedVAI AAI3P · ἀξιόωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeἀξιόω: verbal form rendered 'asked' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςobject or complement within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'LORD' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πεσόντεςthose who fellVF · φαπνπμ πίπτωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπίπτω: verbal form rendered 'those who fell' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on/upon/against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
κοιλίανbelly / entrailsN1A ASF · κοιλίαobject or complement within the clauseκοιλία: lexical item rendered 'belly / entrails' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μηκέτιno longerD · μηκέτιadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμηκέτι: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'no longer' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
περιπεσεῖνto fall intoVB AAN · πίπτω + περιinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ περι: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοιούτοιςtoioutosA1 DPM · τοιοῦτοςdative complement or reference termτοιοῦτος: lexical item rendered 'toioutos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κακοῖςtroublesA1 DPM · κακόςdative complement or reference termκακός: lexical item rendered 'troubles' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάclause connective or particleἀλλά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐάνif / whatever mayC · ἐάνclause connective or particleἐάν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'if / whatever may' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ποτεeverD · ποτέadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseποτέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'ever' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἁμάρτωσινI have sinnedVB AAS3P · ἁμαρτάνωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeἁμαρτάνω: verbal form rendered 'I have sinned' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὑπ'byP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'by' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐπιεικείαςgentlenessN1A GSF · ἐπιεικείαgenitive modifier or complementἐπιεικεία: lexical item rendered 'gentleness' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
παιδεύεσθαιpaideuoV1 PMN · παιδεύωinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clauseπαιδεύω: verbal form rendered 'paideuo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμή: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'not' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
βλασφήμοιςblasphemousA1B DPN · βλάσφημοςdative complement or reference termβλάσφημος: lexical item rendered 'blasphemous' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
βαρβάροιςbarbarianA1B DPN · βάρβαροςdative complement or reference termβάρβαρος: lexical item rendered 'barbarian' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἔθνεσινnationN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative complement or reference termἔθνος: lexical item rendered 'nation' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
παραδίδοσθαιto be handed overV8 PMN · δίδωμι + παραinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ παρα: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
5
ἐν ᾗ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ ὁ νεὼς ὑπὸ ἀλλοφύλων ἐβεβηλώθη συνέβη κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν ἡμέραν τὸν καθαρισμὸν γενέσθαι τοῦ ναοῦ τῇ πέμπτῃ καὶ εἰκάδι τοῦ αὐτοῦ μηνός ὅς ἐστιν Χασελευ
And on the very day on which the sanctuary had been profaned by foreigners, it happened that the purification of the temple took place, on the twenty-fifth day of the same month, which is Chasleu.
The narrator emphasizes the providential reversal by matching the date of profanation with the date of purification.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ᾗᾗRR DSF · ὅςdative complement or reference termὅς: lexical item rendered 'ᾗ' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement or reference termἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
νεὼςneosN2 NSM · νεώςsubject or predicate element within the clauseνεώς: lexical item rendered 'neos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'by' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἀλλοφύλωνforeignersA1B GPM · ἀλλόφυλοςgenitive modifier or complementἀλλόφυλος: lexical item rendered 'foreigners' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐβεβηλώθηwas profaned / defiledVCI API3S · βεβηλόωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeβεβηλόω: verbal form rendered 'was profaned / defiled' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
συνέβηit happenedVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + συνfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ συν: verbal form rendered 'it happened' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'according to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
αὐτὴνitRD ASF · αὐτόςobject or complement within the clauseαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'it' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραobject or complement within the clauseἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καθαρισμὸνpurificationN2 ASM · καθαρισμόςobject or complement within the clauseκαθαρισμός: lexical item rendered 'purification' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γενέσθαιbecome / happenVB AMN · γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'become / happen' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ναοῦtempleN2 GSM · ναόςgenitive modifier or complementναός: lexical item rendered 'temple' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement or reference termὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πέμπτῃfifthA1 DSF · πέμπτοςdative complement or reference termπέμπτος: lexical item rendered 'fifth' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
εἰκάδιtwentiethN3D DSF · εἰκάςdative complement or reference termεἰκάς: lexical item rendered 'twentieth' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μηνόςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive modifier or complementμήν: lexical item rendered 'month' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὅςwhoRR NSM · ὅςsubject or predicate element within the clauseὅς: lexical item rendered 'who' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'be' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ΧασελευChislevN NS · Χασελευadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseΧασελευ: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Chislev' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
6
καὶ μετ' εὐφροσύνης ἦγον ἡμέρας ὀκτὼ σκηνωμάτων τρόπον μνημονεύοντες ὡς πρὸ μικροῦ χρόνου τὴν τῶν σκηνῶν ἑορτὴν ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσιν καὶ ἐν τοῖς σπηλαίοις θηρίων τρόπον ἦσαν νεμόμενοι
And with gladness they kept the celebration for eight days in the manner of Booths, remembering that a little before, during the feast of Booths, they had been wandering in the mountains and caves like wild animals.
The eight-day festival is explicitly linked to remembered deprivation during their recent exile from the temple.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
εὐφροσύνηςgladnessN1 GSF · εὐφροσύνηgenitive modifier or complementεὐφροσύνη: lexical item rendered 'gladness' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἦγονkeepV1I IAI3P · ἄγωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeἄγω: verbal form rendered 'keep' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἡμέραςdaysN1A APF · ἡμέραobject or complement within the clauseἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'days' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὀκτὼeightM · ὀκτώadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseὀκτώ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'eight' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
σκηνωμάτωνtents / dwellingsN3M GPN · σκήνωμαgenitive modifier or complementσκήνωμα: lexical item rendered 'tents / dwellings' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τρόπονmannerN2 ASM · τρόποςobject or complement within the clauseτρόπος: lexical item rendered 'manner' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μνημονεύοντεςrememberV1 · παπνπμ μνημονεύωparticiple elaborating the clause actionμνημονεύω: verbal form rendered 'remember' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὡςasC · ὡςclause connective or particleὡς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'as' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πρὸbeforeP · πρόpreposition governing its complementπρό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'before' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
μικροῦsmallA1A GSM · μικρόςgenitive modifier or complementμικρός: lexical item rendered 'small' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
χρόνουa timeN2 GSM · χρόνοςgenitive modifier or complementχρόνος: lexical item rendered 'a time' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
σκηνῶνtentN1 GPF · σκηνήgenitive modifier or complementσκηνή: lexical item rendered 'tent' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἑορτὴνfeastN1 ASF · ἑορτήobject or complement within the clauseἑορτή: lexical item rendered 'feast' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὄρεσινmountainsN3E DPN · ὄροςdative complement or reference termὄρος: lexical item rendered 'mountains' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
σπηλαίοιςcavesN2N DPN · σπήλαιονdative complement or reference termσπήλαιον: lexical item rendered 'caves' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θηρίωνbeastsN2N GPN · θηρίονgenitive modifier or complementθηρίον: lexical item rendered 'beasts' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τρόπονmannerN2 ASM · τρόποςobject or complement within the clauseτρόπος: lexical item rendered 'manner' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἦσανwereV9 IAI3P · εἰμίfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'were' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
νεμόμενοιshepherding / pasturingV1 · πμπνπμ νέμωparticiple elaborating the clause actionνέμω: verbal form rendered 'shepherding / pasturing' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
7
διὸ θύρσους καὶ κλάδους ὡραίους ἔτι δὲ καὶ φοίνικας ἔχοντες ὕμνους ἀνέφερον τῷ εὐοδώσαντι καθαρισθῆναι τὸν ἑαυτοῦ τόπον
Therefore, carrying ivy-wreathed staffs and beautiful branches, and also palms, they offered hymns to the one who had prospered the purification of his own place.
Their festal procession interprets the rededication as an act enabled by divine favor.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
διὸthereforeC · διόclause connective or particleδιό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'therefore' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
θύρσουςthyrsus-staffN2 APM · θύρσοςobject or complement within the clauseθύρσος: lexical item rendered 'thyrsus-staff' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
κλάδουςboughs / branchesN2 APM · κλάδοςobject or complement within the clauseκλάδος: lexical item rendered 'boughs / branches' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὡραίουςbeautifulA1A APM · ὡραῖοςobject or complement within the clauseὡραῖος: lexical item rendered 'beautiful' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἔτι: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'still' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
φοίνικαςphoinixN3K APM · φοῖνιξobject or complement within the clauseφοῖνιξ: lexical item rendered 'phoinix' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἔχοντεςholdingV1 · παπνπμ ἔχωparticiple elaborating the clause actionἔχω: verbal form rendered 'holding' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὕμνουςhymnN2 APM · ὕμνοςobject or complement within the clauseὕμνος: lexical item rendered 'hymn' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀνέφερονwere offering upV1I IAI3P · φέρω + ἀναfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'were offering up' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εὐοδώσαντιeuodooVA · ααπδσμ εὐοδόωparticiple elaborating the clause actionεὐοδόω: verbal form rendered 'euodoo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καθαρισθῆναιto be pronounced cleanVC APN · καθαρίζωinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clauseκαθαρίζω: verbal form rendered 'to be pronounced clean' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive modifier or complementἑαυτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'his own' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςobject or complement within the clauseτόπος: lexical item rendered 'place' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
8
ἐδογμάτισαν δὲ μετὰ κοινοῦ προστάγματος καὶ ψηφίσματος παντὶ τῷ τῶν Ιουδαίων ἔθνει κατ' ἐνιαυτὸν ἄγειν τάσδε τὰς ἡμέρας
And by common decree and vote they enacted that the whole nation of the Jews should observe these days every year.
The local celebration is formalized as a perpetual national observance.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἐδογμάτισανdecreeVAI AAI3P · δογματίζωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeδογματίζω: verbal form rendered 'decree' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
κοινοῦcommonA1 GSN · κοινόςgenitive modifier or complementκοινός: lexical item rendered 'common' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προστάγματοςcommandN3M GSN · πρόσταγμαgenitive modifier or complementπρόσταγμα: lexical item rendered 'command' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ψηφίσματοςvoteN3M GSN · ψήφισμαgenitive modifier or complementψήφισμα: lexical item rendered 'vote' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
παντὶall / everyA3 DSN · πᾶςdative complement or reference termπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all / every' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙουδαίωνJewN2 GPM · Ἰουδαῖοςgenitive modifier or complementἸουδαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Jew' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἔθνειnationN3E DSN · ἔθνοςdative complement or reference termἔθνος: lexical item rendered 'nation' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κατ'againstP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐνιαυτὸνyearN2 ASM · ἐνιαυτόςobject or complement within the clauseἐνιαυτός: lexical item rendered 'year' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἄγεινcelebrateV1 PAN · ἄγωinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clauseἄγω: verbal form rendered 'celebrate' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τάσδεodeRD APF · ὅδεobject or complement within the clauseὅδε: lexical item rendered 'ode' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁobject or complement within the clauseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἡμέραςdaysN1A APF · ἡμέραobject or complement within the clauseἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'days' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
9
καὶ τὰ μὲν τῆς Ἀντιόχου τοῦ προσαγορευθέντος Ἐπιφανοῦς τελευτῆς οὕτως εἶχεν
Such, then, was the end of Antiochus who was called Epiphanes.
The narrator closes one phase of the story before turning to the next Antiochene threat.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μὲνon the one handX · μένadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμέν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on the one hand' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἈντιόχουAntiochusN2 GSF · Ἀντίοχοςgenitive modifier or complementἈντίοχος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Antiochus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προσαγορευθέντοςspeakVC · αππγσμ ἀγορεύω + προςparticiple elaborating the clause actionἀγορεύω + προς: verbal form rendered 'speak' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἘπιφανοῦςEpiphanesN1M GSM · Ἐπιφανήςgenitive modifier or complementἘπιφανής: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Epiphanes' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
τελευτῆςend / deathN1 GSF · τελευτήgenitive modifier or complementτελευτή: lexical item rendered 'end / death' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseοὕτως: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'thus' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
εἶχενpmpdsph echoV1I IAI3S · ἔχωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeἔχω: verbal form rendered 'pmpdsph echo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
10
νυνὶ δὲ τὰ κατὰ τὸν Εὐπάτορα Ἀντίοχον υἱὸν δὲ τοῦ ἀσεβοῦς γενόμενον δηλώσομεν αὐτὰ συντέμνοντες τὰ συνέχοντα τῶν πολέμων κακά
But now we shall set forth the events concerning Antiochus Eupator, the son of the ungodly one, abbreviating the accumulated evils of the wars.
The author explicitly announces a compressed account of the next reign and its wartime troubles.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
νυνὶnowD · νυνίadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseνυνί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'now' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'according to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΕὐπάτοραEupatorN3R ASM · Εὐπάτωρobject or complement within the clauseΕὐπάτωρ: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Eupator' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἈντίοχονAntiochusN2 ASM · Ἀντίοχοςobject or complement within the clauseἈντίοχος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Antiochus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
υἱὸνsonN2 ASM · υἱόςobject or complement within the clauseυἱός: lexical item rendered 'son' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀσεβοῦςwickedA3H GSM · ἀσεβήςgenitive modifier or complementἀσεβής: lexical item rendered 'wicked' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γενόμενονthat befell / happenedVB · αμπασμ γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'that befell / happened' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δηλώσομενmake clearVF FAI1P · δηλόωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeδηλόω: verbal form rendered 'make clear' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
αὐτὰhe / him / hisRD APN · αὐτόςobject or complement within the clauseαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'he / him / his' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
συντέμνοντεςtemnoV1 · παπνπμ τέμνω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionτέμνω + συν: verbal form rendered 'temno' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
συνέχονταechoV1 · παπαπμ ἔχω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionἔχω + συν: verbal form rendered 'echo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πολέμωνwarsN2 GPM · πόλεμοςgenitive modifier or complementπόλεμος: lexical item rendered 'wars' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κακάevilA1 APN · κακόςobject or complement within the clauseκακός: lexical item rendered 'evil' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
11
οὗτος γὰρ παραλαβὼν τὴν βασιλείαν ἀνέδειξεν ἐπὶ τῶν πραγμάτων Λυσίαν τινά Κοίλης δὲ Συρίας καὶ Φοινίκης στρατηγὸν πρώταρχον
For when he took over the kingdom, he appointed a certain Lysias over affairs as the chief governor of Coele-Syria and Phoenicia.
The political frame for the next campaign is established through Eupator's delegation of power to Lysias.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'this' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γὰρforX · γάρclause connective or particleγάρ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'for' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
παραλαβὼνtaking with himVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + παραparticiple elaborating the clause actionλαμβάνω + παρα: verbal form rendered 'taking with him' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
βασιλείανkingdomN1A ASF · βασιλείαobject or complement within the clauseβασιλεία: lexical item rendered 'kingdom' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀνέδειξενappointedVAI AAI3S · δεικνύω + ἀναfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'appointed' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on/upon/against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πραγμάτωνaffairsN3M GPN · πρᾶγμαgenitive modifier or complementπρᾶγμα: lexical item rendered 'affairs' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΛυσίανLysiasN1T ASM · Λυσίαςobject or complement within the clauseΛυσίας: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Lysias' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
τινάtisRI ASM · τιςobject or complement within the clauseτις: lexical item rendered 'tis' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΚοίληςCoeleN1 GSF · Κοίληgenitive modifier or complementΚοίλη: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Coele' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ΣυρίαςSyriaN1A GSF · Συρέαgenitive modifier or complementΣυρέα: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Syria' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ΦοινίκηςPhoeniciaN1 GSF · Φοινίκηgenitive modifier or complementΦοινίκη: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Phoenicia' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
στρατηγὸνgeneralN2 ASM · στρατηγόςobject or complement within the clauseστρατηγός: lexical item rendered 'general' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρώταρχονprotarchosA1B ASM · πρώταρχοςobject or complement within the clauseπρώταρχος: lexical item rendered 'protarchos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
12
Πτολεμαῖος γὰρ ὁ καλούμενος Μάκρων τὸ δίκαιον συντηρεῖν προηγούμενος πρὸς τοὺς Ιουδαίους διὰ τὴν γεγονυῖαν εἰς αὐτοὺς ἀδικίαν ἐπειρᾶτο τὰ πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἰρηνικῶς διεξάγειν
For Ptolemy, who was called Macron, because he chose to act justly toward the Jews after the wrong done to them, attempted to conduct relations with them peaceably.
Ptolemy Macron is briefly distinguished from harsher officials by his attempt at equitable policy.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ΠτολεμαῖοςPtolemyN2 NSM · Πτολεμαῖοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseΠτολεμαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Ptolemy' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
γὰρforX · γάρclause connective or particleγάρ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'for' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καλούμενοςcalledV2 · πμπνσμ καλέωparticiple elaborating the clause actionκαλέω: verbal form rendered 'called' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ΜάκρωνMacronN NSM · Μάκρωνadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseΜάκρων: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Macron' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δίκαιονrighteousA1A ASN · δίκαιοςobject or complement within the clauseδίκαιος: lexical item rendered 'righteous' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
συντηρεῖν + sunV2 PAN · τηρέω + συνinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ συν: verbal form rendered ' + sun' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
προηγούμενοςegeomaiV2 · πμπνσμ ἡγέομαι + προparticiple elaborating the clause actionἡγέομαι + προ: verbal form rendered 'egeomai' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseἸουδαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Jew' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'through / because of' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γεγονυῖανbecomeVX · χαπασφ γίγνομαιparticiple elaborating the clause actionγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'become' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'into' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςobject or complement within the clauseαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'them' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀδικίανiniquityN1A ASF · ἀδικίαobject or complement within the clauseἀδικία: lexical item rendered 'iniquity' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐπειρᾶτοpeiraoV3I IMI3S · πειράωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπειράω: verbal form rendered 'peirao' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςobject or complement within the clauseαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'them' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εἰρηνικῶςpeaceablyD · εἰρηνικῶςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseεἰρηνικῶς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'peaceably' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
διεξάγεινto conductV1 PAN · ἄγω + δια + ἐκinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ δια + ἐκ: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
13
ὅθεν κατηγορούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν φίλων πρὸς τὸν Εὐπάτορα καὶ προδότης παρ' ἕκαστα ἀκούων διὰ τὸ τὴν Κύπρον ἐμπιστευθέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ Φιλομήτορος ἐκλιπεῖν καὶ πρὸς Ἀντίοχον τὸν Ἐπιφανῆ ἀναχωρῆσαι μήτε εὐγενῆ τὴν ἐξουσίαν εὐγενίσας φαρμακεύσας ἑαυτὸν ἐξέλιπεν τὸν βίον
Because of this he was accused before Eupator by the king's Friends, and being continually called traitor because he had abandoned Cyprus, entrusted to him by Philometor, and gone over to Antiochus Epiphanes, and had not dignified his office with noble conduct, he took poison and ended his life.
Court rivalry and suspicion undo Macron's conciliatory approach and remove him from the scene.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
ὅθενthereforeD · ὅθενadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseὅθεν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'therefore' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
κατηγορούμενοςegoreoV2 · πμπνσμ ἠγορέω + καταparticiple elaborating the clause actionἠγορέω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'egoreo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'by' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
φίλωνFriendsA1 GPM · φίλοςgenitive modifier or complementφίλος: lexical item rendered 'Friends' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΕὐπάτοραEupatorN3R ASM · Εὐπάτωρobject or complement within the clauseΕὐπάτωρ: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Eupator' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
προδότηςtraitorN1M NSM · προδότηςsubject or predicate element within the clauseπροδότης: lexical item rendered 'traitor' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
παρ'withP · παράpreposition governing its complementπαρά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἕκασταekastosA1 APN · ἕκαστοςobject or complement within the clauseἕκαστος: lexical item rendered 'ekastos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀκούωνhearingV1 · παπνσμ ἀκούωparticiple elaborating the clause actionἀκούω: verbal form rendered 'hearing' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'through / because of' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΚύπρονCyprusN2 ASF · Κύπροςobject or complement within the clauseΚύπρος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Cyprus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἐμπιστευθένταpisteuoVC · αππασν πιστεύω + ἐνparticiple elaborating the clause actionπιστεύω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'pisteuo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'by' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΦιλομήτοροςPhilometorN3R GSM · Φιλομήτωρgenitive modifier or complementΦιλομήτωρ: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Philometor' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἐκλιπεῖνto make failVB AAN · λείπω + ἐκinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ ἐκ: verbal form rendered 'to make fail' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἈντίοχονAntiochusN2 ASM · Ἀντίοχοςobject or complement within the clauseἈντίοχος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Antiochus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἘπιφανῆEpiphanesN1M ASM · Ἐπιφανήςobject or complement within the clauseἘπιφανής: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Epiphanes' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἀναχωρῆσαιto withdrawVA AAN · χωρέω + ἀναinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ ἀνα: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
μήτεneitherC · μήτεclause connective or particleμήτε: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'neither' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
εὐγενῆeugenesA3H ASM · εὐγενήςobject or complement within the clauseεὐγενής: lexical item rendered 'eugenes' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐξουσίανauthorityN1A ASF · ἐξουσίαobject or complement within the clauseἐξουσία: lexical item rendered 'authority' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εὐγενίσαςeugenizoVA · ααπνσμ εὐγενίζωparticiple elaborating the clause actionεὐγενίζω: verbal form rendered 'eugenizo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
φαρμακεύσαςpharmakeuoVA · ααπνσμ φαρμακεύωparticiple elaborating the clause actionφαρμακεύω: verbal form rendered 'pharmakeuo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἑαυτὸνhimselfRD ASM · ἑαυτοῦobject or complement within the clauseἑαυτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'himself' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐξέλιπενfail / run shortVBI AAI3S · λείπω + ἐκfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἐκ: verbal form rendered 'fail / run short' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
βίονlifeN2 ASM · βίοςobject or complement within the clauseβίος: lexical item rendered 'life' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
14
Γοργίας δὲ γενόμενος στρατηγὸς τῶν τόπων ἐξενοτρόφει καὶ παρ' ἕκαστα πρὸς τοὺς Ιουδαίους ἐπολεμοτρόφει
But Gorgias, when he became governor of the region, employed foreign soldiers and in every way kept up war against the Jews.
A more openly hostile administrator replaces conciliatory policy with constant militarization.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ΓοργίαςGorgiasN1T NSM · Γοργίαςsubject or predicate element within the clauseΓοργίας: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Gorgias' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
γενόμενοςhaving becomeVB · αμπνσμ γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'having become' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
στρατηγὸςgeneralN2 NSM · στρατηγόςsubject or predicate element within the clauseστρατηγός: lexical item rendered 'general' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τόπωνplacesN2 GPM · τόποςgenitive modifier or complementτόπος: lexical item rendered 'places' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐξενοτρόφειxenotropheoVAI AAI3S · ξενοτροφέωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeξενοτροφέω: verbal form rendered 'xenotropheo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
παρ'withP · παράpreposition governing its complementπαρά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἕκασταekastosA1 APN · ἕκαστοςobject or complement within the clauseἕκαστος: lexical item rendered 'ekastos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseἸουδαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Jew' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἐπολεμοτρόφειpolemotropheoV2I IAI3S · πολεμοτροφέωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπολεμοτροφέω: verbal form rendered 'polemotropheo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
15
ὁμοῦ δὲ τούτῳ καὶ οἱ Ιδουμαῖοι ἐγκρατεῖς ἐπικαίρων ὀχυρωμάτων ὄντες ἐγύμναζον τοὺς Ιουδαίους καὶ τοὺς φυγαδεύσαντας ἀπὸ Ιεροσολύμων προσλαβόμενοι πολεμοτροφεῖν ἐπεχείρουν
At the same time the Idumeans, who held important strongholds, harassed the Jews, and receiving those who had been driven out of Jerusalem they tried to foster war.
Local enemies cooperate in extending the pressure on Judah through fortresses and refugee networks.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ὁμοῦomouD · ὁμοῦadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseὁμοῦ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'omou' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τούτῳto himRD DSM · οὗτοςdative complement or reference termοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'to him' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙδουμαῖοιIdumeansN2 NPM · Ιδουμαῖοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseΙδουμαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Idumeans' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἐγκρατεῖςholding fastA3H NPM · ἐγκρατήςsubject or predicate element within the clauseἐγκρατής: lexical item rendered 'holding fast' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐπικαίρωνstrategicA1B GPN · ἐπίκαιροςgenitive modifier or complementἐπίκαιρος: lexical item rendered 'strategic' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὀχυρωμάτωνfortressesN3M GPN · ὀχύρωμαgenitive modifier or complementὀχύρωμα: lexical item rendered 'fortresses' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὄντεςbeingV9 · παπνπμ εἰμίparticiple elaborating the clause actionεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'being' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐγύμναζονgumnazoV1I IAI3P · γυμνάζωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγυμνάζω: verbal form rendered 'gumnazo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseἸουδαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Jew' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
φυγαδεύσανταςphugadeuoVA · ααπαπμ φυγαδεύωparticiple elaborating the clause actionφυγαδεύω: verbal form rendered 'phugadeuo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complementἀπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'from' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ΙεροσολύμωνJerusalemN3M GSM · Ιεροσόλυμαgenitive modifier or complementΙεροσόλυμα: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Jerusalem' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
προσλαβόμενοιlambanoVB · αμπνπμ λαμβάνω + προςfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeλαμβάνω + προς: verbal form rendered 'lambano' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
πολεμοτροφεῖνpolemotropheoV2 PAN · πολεμοτροφέωinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clauseπολεμοτροφέω: verbal form rendered 'polemotropheo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐπεχείρουνthey were tryingV2I IAI3P · χειρέω + ἐπιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἐπι: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
16
οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον ποιησάμενοι λιτανείαν καὶ ἀξιώσαντες τὸν θεὸν σύμμαχον αὐτοῖς γενέσθαι ἐπὶ τὰ τῶν Ιδουμαίων ὀχυρώματα ὥρμησαν
But those around Maccabaeus, after making supplication and asking God to become their ally, rushed upon the strongholds of the Idumeans.
The counteroffensive begins with prayer and then turns immediately toward military action.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing its complementπερί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'concerning / about' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΜακκαβαῖονMaccabaeusN2 ASM · Μακκαβαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ποιησάμενοιpoieoVA · αμπνπμ ποιέωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeποιέω: verbal form rendered 'poieo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
λιτανείανsupplicationN1A ASF · λιτανείαobject or complement within the clauseλιτανεία: lexical item rendered 'supplication' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἀξιώσαντεςbegVA · ααπνπμ ἀξιόωparticiple elaborating the clause actionἀξιόω: verbal form rendered 'beg' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςobject or complement within the clauseθεός: lexical item rendered 'God' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
σύμμαχονallyA1B ASM · σύμμαχοςobject or complement within the clauseσύμμαχος: lexical item rendered 'ally' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement or reference termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'them' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γενέσθαιbecome / happenVB AMN · γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'become / happen' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on/upon/against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙδουμαίωνEdomitesN2 GPM · Ιδουμαῖοςgenitive modifier or complementΙδουμαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Edomites' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ὀχυρώματαstrongholdsN3M APN · ὀχύρωμαobject or complement within the clauseὀχύρωμα: lexical item rendered 'strongholds' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὥρμησανthey rushedVAI AAI3P · ὁρμάωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeὁρμάω: verbal form rendered 'they rushed' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
17
οἷς καὶ προσβαλόντες εὐρώστως ἐγκρατεῖς ἐγένοντο τῶν τόπων πάντας τε τοὺς ἐπὶ τῷ τείχει μαχομένους ἠμύναντο κατέσφαζόν τε τοὺς ἐμπίπτοντας ἀνεῖλον δὲ οὐχ ἧττον τῶν δισμυρίων
Attacking them vigorously, they gained possession of the positions and beat back all those fighting on the wall, slaughtering those who fell into their hands, and they killed no fewer than twenty thousand.
The prayerful assault is answered with a sweeping battlefield success.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
οἷςwho / whichRR DPM · ὅςdative complement or reference termὅς: lexical item rendered 'who / which' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
προσβαλόντεςballoVB · ααπνπμ βάλλω + προςparticiple elaborating the clause actionβάλλω + προς: verbal form rendered 'ballo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
εὐρώστωςvigorouslyD · εὐρώστωςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseεὐρώστως: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'vigorously' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐγκρατεῖςholding fastA3H NPM · ἐγκρατήςsubject or predicate element within the clauseἐγκρατής: lexical item rendered 'holding fast' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐγένοντοcame to beVBI AMI3P · γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'came to be' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τόπωνplacesN2 GPM · τόποςgenitive modifier or complementτόπος: lexical item rendered 'places' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςobject or complement within the clauseπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all / every' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τεandX TEadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseτε: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on/upon/against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τείχειwallN3E DSN · τεῖχοςdative complement or reference termτεῖχος: lexical item rendered 'wall' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μαχομένουςmachomaiV1 · πμπαπμ μάχομαιparticiple elaborating the clause actionμάχομαι: verbal form rendered 'machomai' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἠμύναντοamunoVAI AMI3P · ἀμύνωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeἀμύνω: verbal form rendered 'amuno' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
κατέσφαζόνthey were slaughteringV1I IAI3P · σφάζω + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ κατα: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τεandX TEadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseτε: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐμπίπτονταςthose encounteredV1 · παπαπμ πίπτω + ἐνparticiple elaborating the clause actionπίπτω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'those encountered' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀνεῖλονkilledVBI AAI3P · αἱρέω + ἀναfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'killed' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseοὐ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'not' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἧττονlessA3C ASN · ἥσσωνobject or complement within the clauseἥσσων: lexical item rendered 'less' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δισμυρίωνdismurioiA1A GPM · δισμύριοιgenitive modifier or complementδισμύριοι: lexical item rendered 'dismurioi' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
18
συμφυγόντων δὲ οὐκ ἔλαττον τῶν ἐνακισχιλίων εἰς δύο πύργους ὀχυροὺς εὖ μάλα καὶ πάντα τὰ πρὸς πολιορκίαν ἔχοντας
And when no fewer than nine thousand had fled together into two very strong towers, fully supplied for a siege,
The narrative narrows from general victory to the remaining fortified resistance.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
συμφυγόντωνpheugoVB · ααπγπμ φεύγω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionφεύγω + συν: verbal form rendered 'pheugo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseοὐ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'not' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἔλαττονless / littleA3N ASN · ἐλάττωνobject or complement within the clauseἐλάττων: lexical item rendered 'less / little' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐνακισχιλίωνenakischilioiA1A GPM · ἐνακισχίλιοιgenitive modifier or complementἐνακισχίλιοι: lexical item rendered 'enakischilioi' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'into' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δύοtwoM · δύοadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseδύο: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'two' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πύργουςtowerN2 APM · πύργοςobject or complement within the clauseπύργος: lexical item rendered 'tower' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὀχυροὺςochurosA1A APM · ὀχυρόςobject or complement within the clauseὀχυρός: lexical item rendered 'ochuros' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εὖwellD · εὖadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseεὖ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'well' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
μάλαindeedD · μάλαadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμάλα: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'indeed' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςobject or complement within the clauseπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πολιορκίανsiegeN1A ASF · πολιορκίαobject or complement within the clauseπολιορκία: lexical item rendered 'siege' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἔχονταςἔχονταςV1 · παπαπμ ἔχωparticiple elaborating the clause actionἔχω: verbal form rendered 'ἔχοντας' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
19
ὁ Μακκαβαῖος εἰς ἐπείγοντας τόπους ἀπολιπὼν Σιμωνα καὶ Ιωσηπον ἔτι δὲ καὶ Ζακχαῖον καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὐτῷ ἱκανοὺς πρὸς τὴν τούτων πολιορκίαν αὐτὸς ἐχωρίσθη
Maccabaeus left Simon and Joseph and also Zacchaeus, and enough men with him for the siege of these, and he himself departed for places where he was urgently needed.
Judas distributes his forces strategically rather than remaining at every front himself.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΜακκαβαῖοςMaccabaeusN2 NSM · Μακκαβαῖοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'into' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐπείγονταςbe urgentV1 · παπαπμ ἐπείγωparticiple elaborating the clause actionἐπείγω: verbal form rendered 'be urgent' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τόπουςplacesN2 APM · τόποςobject or complement within the clauseτόπος: lexical item rendered 'places' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀπολιπὼνleipoVB · ααπνσμ λείπω + ἀποparticiple elaborating the clause actionλείπω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'leipo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ΣιμωναSimonN3W ASM · Σιμωνobject or complement within the clauseΣιμων: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Simon' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ΙωσηπονJosephN2 ASM · Ιώσηποςobject or complement within the clauseΙώσηπος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Joseph' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἔτι: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'still' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ΖακχαῖονZacchaeusN2 ASM · Ζακχαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseΖακχαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Zacchaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing its complementσύν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative complement or reference termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'to him' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἱκανοὺςsufficient / enoughA1 APM · ἱκανόςobject or complement within the clauseἱκανός: lexical item rendered 'sufficient / enough' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τούτωνtheseRD GPM · οὗτοςgenitive modifier or complementοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πολιορκίανsiegeN1A ASF · πολιορκίαobject or complement within the clauseπολιορκία: lexical item rendered 'siege' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςsubject or predicate element within the clauseαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'he' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐχωρίσθηdepartedVSI API3S · χωρίζωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeχωρίζω: verbal form rendered 'departed' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
20
οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Σιμωνα φιλαργυρήσαντες ὑπό τινων τῶν ἐν τοῖς πύργοις ἐπείσθησαν ἀργυρίῳ ἑπτάκις δὲ μυρίας δραχμὰς λαβόντες εἴασάν τινας διαρρυῆναι
But the men with Simon, because of greed, were persuaded by some of those in the towers by means of silver, and after taking seventy thousand drachmas they let some escape.
Internal corruption threatens to undo the military gains already won.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing its complementπερί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'concerning / about' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΣιμωναSimonN3W ASM · Σιμωνobject or complement within the clauseΣιμων: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Simon' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
φιλαργυρήσαντεςphilargureoVA · ααπνπμ φιλαργυρέωparticiple elaborating the clause actionφιλαργυρέω: verbal form rendered 'philargureo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὑπόupoP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'upo' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τινωνtisRI GPM · τιςgenitive modifier or complementτις: lexical item rendered 'tis' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πύργοιςtowersN2 DPM · πύργοςdative complement or reference termπύργος: lexical item rendered 'towers' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐπείσθησανpeithoVSI API3P · πείθωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπείθω: verbal form rendered 'peitho' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀργυρίῳsilverN2N DSN · ἀργύριονdative complement or reference termἀργύριον: lexical item rendered 'silver' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἑπτάκιςseven timesD · ἑπτάκιςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἑπτάκις: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'seven times' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
μυρίαςmurioiA1A APF · μύριοιobject or complement within the clauseμύριοι: lexical item rendered 'murioi' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δραχμὰςdrachmaN1 APF · δραχμήobject or complement within the clauseδραχμή: lexical item rendered 'drachma' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
λαβόντεςtakeVB · ααπνπμ λαμβάνωparticiple elaborating the clause actionλαμβάνω: verbal form rendered 'take' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
εἴασάνeaoVAI AAI3P · ἐάωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeἐάω: verbal form rendered 'eao' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τιναςsomeRI APM · τιςobject or complement within the clauseτις: lexical item rendered 'some' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διαρρυῆναιto slip awayVA AAN · ῥέω + διαinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ δια: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
21
προσαγγελέντος δὲ τῷ Μακκαβαίῳ περὶ τοῦ γεγονότος συναγαγὼν τοὺς ἡγουμένους τοῦ λαοῦ κατηγόρησεν ὡς ἀργυρίου πέπρακαν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς τοὺς πολεμίους κατ' αὐτῶν ἀπολύσαντες
When word of what had happened was reported to Maccabaeus, he assembled the leaders of the people and charged them with having sold their brothers for money by letting the enemy go free against them.
Judas responds to bribery as betrayal of the covenant community itself.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
προσαγγελέντοςaggelloVD · αππγσμ ἀγγέλλω + προςparticiple elaborating the clause actionἀγγέλλω + προς: verbal form rendered 'aggello' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΜακκαβαίῳMaccabaeusN2 DSM · Μακκαβαῖοςdative complement or reference termΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing its complementπερί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'concerning / about' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γεγονότοςgignomaiVX · χαπγσμ γίγνομαιparticiple elaborating the clause actionγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'gignomai' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
συναγαγὼνagoVB · ααπνσμ ἄγω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionἄγω + συν: verbal form rendered 'ago' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἡγουμένουςegeomaiV2 · πμπαπμ ἡγέομαιparticiple elaborating the clause actionἡγέομαι: verbal form rendered 'egeomai' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive modifier or complementλαός: lexical item rendered 'people' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κατηγόρησενaccusedVAI AAI3S · ἀγορέω + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ κατα: verbal form rendered 'accused' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὡςasC · ὡςclause connective or particleὡς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'as' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἀργυρίουsilverN2N GSN · ἀργύριονgenitive modifier or complementἀργύριον: lexical item rendered 'silver' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πέπρακανpipraskoVX XAI3P · πιπράσκωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπιπράσκω: verbal form rendered 'piprasko' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀδελφοὺςbrothersN2 APM · ἀδελφόςobject or complement within the clauseἀδελφός: lexical item rendered 'brothers' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πολεμίουςenemyA1A APM · πολέμιοςobject or complement within the clauseπολέμιος: lexical item rendered 'enemy' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κατ'againstP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'their' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀπολύσαντεςluoVA · ααπνπμ λύω + ἀποparticiple elaborating the clause actionλύω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'luo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
22
τούτους μὲν οὖν προδότας γενομένους ἀπέκτεινεν καὶ παραχρῆμα τοὺς δύο πύργους κατελάβετο
So he killed these men when they had become traitors, and immediately captured the two towers.
Punishment of treachery is followed at once by renewed military success.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τούτουςtheseRD APM · οὗτοςobject or complement within the clauseοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μὲνon the one handX · μένadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμέν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on the one hand' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
οὖνthereforeX · οὖνclause connective or particleοὖν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'therefore' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
προδόταςtraitorN1M APM · προδότηςobject or complement within the clauseπροδότης: lexical item rendered 'traitor' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γενομένουςwho were bornVB · αμπαπμ γίγνομαιparticiple elaborating the clause actionγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'who were born' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀπέκτεινενkilledVAI AAI3S · κτείνω + ἀποfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'killed' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
παραχρῆμαimmediatelyD · παραχρῆμαadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseπαραχρῆμα: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'immediately' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δύοtwoM · δύοadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseδύο: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'two' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πύργουςtowerN2 APM · πύργοςobject or complement within the clauseπύργος: lexical item rendered 'tower' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κατελάβετοcapturedVBI AMI3S · λαμβάνω + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ κατα: verbal form rendered 'captured' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
23
τοῖς δὲ ὅπλοις τὰ πάντα ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν εὐοδούμενος ἀπώλεσεν ἐν τοῖς δυσὶν ὀχυρώμασιν πλείους τῶν δισμυρίων
And prospering in everything with the weapons in his hands, he destroyed in the two strongholds more than twenty thousand.
The narrator sums up the complete reversal of the setback caused by bribery.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὅπλοιςweaponsN2N DPN · ὅπλονdative complement or reference termὅπλον: lexical item rendered 'weapons' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςobject or complement within the clauseπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
χερσὶνhandN3 DPF · χείρdative complement or reference termχείρ: lexical item rendered 'hand' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εὐοδούμενοςeuodooV4 · πμπνσμ εὐοδόωparticiple elaborating the clause actionεὐοδόω: verbal form rendered 'euodoo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀπώλεσενdestroyedVAI AAI3S · ὀλλύω + ἀποfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'destroyed' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δυσὶνtwoM DPN · δύοadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseδύο: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'two' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὀχυρώμασινstrongholdsN3M DPN · ὀχύρωμαdative complement or reference termὀχύρωμα: lexical item rendered 'strongholds' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πλείουςmany / moreA3C APN · πολύςobject or complement within the clauseπολύς: lexical item rendered 'many / more' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δισμυρίωνdismurioiA1A GPM · δισμύριοιgenitive modifier or complementδισμύριοι: lexical item rendered 'dismurioi' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
24
Τιμόθεος δὲ ὁ πρότερον ἡττηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν Ιουδαίων συναγαγὼν ξένας δυνάμεις παμπληθεῖς καὶ τοὺς τῆς Ἀσίας γενομένους ἵππους συναθροίσας οὐκ ὀλίγους παρῆν ὡς δοριάλωτον λημψόμενος τὴν Ιουδαίαν
But Timothy, who had earlier been defeated by the Jews, gathered exceedingly numerous foreign forces and assembled not a few cavalry from Asia, and came intending to take Judea spear-won.
A larger and more deliberate invasion now replaces the local fighting of the previous section.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ΤιμόθεοςTimothyN2 NSM · Τιμόθεοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseΤιμόθεος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Timothy' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρότερονformerD · πρότερονadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseπρότερον: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'former' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἡττηθεὶςettaoVC · αππνσμ ἡττάωparticiple elaborating the clause actionἡττάω: verbal form rendered 'ettao' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'by' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙουδαίωνJewN2 GPM · Ἰουδαῖοςgenitive modifier or complementἸουδαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Jew' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
συναγαγὼνagoVB · ααπνσμ ἄγω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionἄγω + συν: verbal form rendered 'ago' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ξέναςxenosA1 APF · ξένοςobject or complement within the clauseξένος: lexical item rendered 'xenos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δυνάμειςforcesN3I APF · δύναμιςobject or complement within the clauseδύναμις: lexical item rendered 'forces' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
παμπληθεῖςpamplethesA3H APF · παμπληθήςobject or complement within the clauseπαμπληθής: lexical item rendered 'pamplethes' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἈσίαςAsiaN1A GSF · Ἀσιάgenitive modifier or complementἈσιά: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Asia' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
γενομένουςwho were bornVB · αμπαπμ γίγνομαιparticiple elaborating the clause actionγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'who were born' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἵππουςhorseN2 APM · ἵπποςobject or complement within the clauseἵππος: lexical item rendered 'horse' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
συναθροίσαςathroizoVA · ααπνσμ ἀθροίζω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionἀθροίζω + συν: verbal form rendered 'athroizo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseοὐ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'not' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὀλίγουςfewA1 APM · ὀλίγοςobject or complement within the clauseὀλίγος: lexical item rendered 'few' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
παρῆνbe presentV9 IAI3S · εἰμί + παραfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ παρα: verbal form rendered 'be present' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὡςasC · ὡςclause connective or particleὡς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'as' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δοριάλωτονby force of armsA1B ASM · δοριάλωτοςobject or complement within the clauseδοριάλωτος: lexical item rendered 'by force of arms' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
λημψόμενοςlambanoVF · φμπνσμ λαμβάνωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeλαμβάνω: verbal form rendered 'lambano' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙουδαίανJudeaN1 ASF · Ἰουδαίαobject or complement within the clauseἸουδαία: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Judea' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
25
οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον συνεγγίζοντος αὐτοῦ πρὸς ἱκετείαν τοῦ θεοῦ γῇ τὰς κεφαλὰς καταπάσαντες καὶ τὰς ὀσφύας σάκκοις ζώσαντες
Those around Maccabaeus, as he approached, turned to supplication before God, sprinkling dust upon their heads and girding their loins with sackcloth.
Before battle the community adopts visible signs of repentance and dependence upon God.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing its complementπερί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'concerning / about' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΜακκαβαῖονMaccabaeusN2 ASM · Μακκαβαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
συνεγγίζοντοςdraw nearV1 · παπγσμ ἐγγίζω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionἐγγίζω + συν: verbal form rendered 'draw near' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἱκετείανiketeiaN1A ASF · ἱκετείαobject or complement within the clauseἱκετεία: lexical item rendered 'iketeia' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier or complementθεός: lexical item rendered 'God' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γῇlandN1 DSF · γῆdative complement or reference termγῆ: lexical item rendered 'land' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁobject or complement within the clauseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κεφαλὰςhead / capitalN1 APF · κεφαλήobject or complement within the clauseκεφαλή: lexical item rendered 'head / capital' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καταπάσαντεςpassoVA · ααπνπμ πάσσω + καταparticiple elaborating the clause actionπάσσω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'passo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁobject or complement within the clauseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὀσφύαςloinsN3U APF · ὀσφύςobject or complement within the clauseὀσφύς: lexical item rendered 'loins' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
σάκκοιςsakkoisN2 DPM · σάκκοςdative complement or reference termσάκκος: lexical item rendered 'sakkois' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ζώσαντεςgirdVA · ααπνπμ ζώννυμιparticiple elaborating the clause actionζώννυμι: verbal form rendered 'gird' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
26
ἐπὶ τὴν ἀπέναντι τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου κρηπῖδα προσπεσόντες ἠξίουν ἵλεως αὐτοῖς γενόμενον ἐχθρεῦσαι τοῖς ἐχθροῖς αὐτῶν καὶ ἀντικεῖσθαι τοῖς ἀντικειμένοις καθὼς ὁ νόμος διασαφεῖ
Falling upon the step in front of the altar, they begged that he would become gracious to them, be hostile to their enemies, and oppose those who opposed them, as the law declares.
The petition interprets the coming battle in explicitly covenantal terms.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on/upon/against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀπέναντιbefore / oppositeD · ἀπέναντιadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἀπέναντι: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'before / opposite' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θυσιαστηρίουaltarN2N GSN · θυσιαστήριονgenitive modifier or complementθυσιαστήριον: lexical item rendered 'altar' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κρηπῖδαbank / edgeN3D ASF · κρηπίςobject or complement within the clauseκρηπίς: lexical item rendered 'bank / edge' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προσπεσόντεςfalling downVF · φαπνπμ πίπτω + προςfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπίπτω + προς: verbal form rendered 'falling down' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἠξίουνconsideredV4I IAI3P · ἀξιόωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeἀξιόω: verbal form rendered 'considered' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἵλεωςmercifulD · ἵλεωςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἵλεως: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'merciful' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement or reference termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'them' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
γενόμενονthat befell / happenedVB · αμπασμ γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'that befell / happened' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐχθρεῦσαιechthreuoVA AAN · ἐχθρεύωinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clauseἐχθρεύω: verbal form rendered 'echthreuo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐχθροῖςἐχθρόςA1A DPM · ἐχθρόςdative complement or reference termἐχθρός: lexical item rendered 'ἐχθρός' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier or complementαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'their' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἀντικεῖσθαιto opposeV5 PMN · κεῖμαι + ἀντιinfinitive complement or verbal noun within the clause+ ἀντι: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀντικειμένοιςthose set against themV5 · πμπδπμ κεῖμαι + ἀντιparticiple elaborating the clause actionκεῖμαι + ἀντι: verbal form rendered 'those set against them' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καθὼςjust asD · καθώςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseκαθώς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'just as' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
νόμοςlawN2 NSM · νόμοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseνόμος: lexical item rendered 'law' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διασαφεῖmakes clearV2 PAI3S · σαφέω + διαfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ δια: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
27
γενόμενοι δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς δεήσεως ἀναλαβόντες τὰ ὅπλα προῆγον ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως ἐπὶ πλεῖον συνεγγίσαντες δὲ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐφ' ἑαυτῶν ἦσαν
Then, rising from prayer and taking up their weapons, they advanced a considerable distance from the city; and when they had drawn near to the enemy, they kept to themselves.
Prayer gives way to disciplined advance as the troops close with the invaders.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
γενόμενοιbecomeVB · αμπνπμ γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'become' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complementἀπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'from' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δεήσεωςsupplicationN3I GSF · δέησιςgenitive modifier or complementδέησις: lexical item rendered 'supplication' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀναλαβόντεςanalabontesVB · ααπνπμ λαμβάνω + ἀναparticiple elaborating the clause actionλαμβάνω + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'analabontes' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὅπλαweaponsN2N APN · ὅπλονobject or complement within the clauseὅπλον: lexical item rendered 'weapons' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προῆγονthey advancedV1I IAI3P · ἄγω + προfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ προ: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complementἀπό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'from' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive modifier or complementπόλις: lexical item rendered 'city' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on/upon/against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πλεῖονmoreA3C ASN · πολύςobject or complement within the clauseπολύς: lexical item rendered 'more' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
συνεγγίσαντεςdraw nearVA · ααπνπμ ἐγγίζω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionἐγγίζω + συν: verbal form rendered 'draw near' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πολεμίοιςenemyA1A DPM · πολέμιοςdative complement or reference termπολέμιος: lexical item rendered 'enemy' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐφ'ephP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'eph' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἑαυτῶνthemselvesRD GPM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive modifier or complementἑαυτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'themselves' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἦσανwereV9 IAI3P · εἰμίfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'were' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
28
ἄρτι δὲ τῆς ἀνατολῆς διαχεομένης προσέβαλον ἑκάτεροι οἱ μὲν ἔγγυον ἔχοντες εὐημερίας καὶ νίκης μετὰ ἀρετῆς τὴν ἐπὶ τὸν κύριον καταφυγήν οἱ δὲ καθηγεμόνα τῶν ἀγώνων ταττόμενοι τὸν θυμόν
At daybreak, when the sunrise was just spreading, both sides joined battle: the one side having as the pledge of success and victory, together with valor, their refuge in the Lord, the other making passion the leader of their contests.
The narrator opposes trust in the Lord to mere martial fury as the two armies enter combat.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
ἄρτιjust nowD · ἄρτιadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἄρτι: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'just now' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀνατολῆςeastN1 GSF · ἀνατολήgenitive modifier or complementἀνατολή: lexical item rendered 'east' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διαχεομένηςcheoV2 · πμπγσφ χέω + διαparticiple elaborating the clause actionχέω + δια: verbal form rendered 'cheo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
προσέβαλονthey attackedVBI AAI3P · βάλλω + προςfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ προς: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἑκάτεροιboth sidesA1A NPM · ἑκάτεροςsubject or predicate element within the clauseἑκάτερος: lexical item rendered 'both sides' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μὲνon the one handX · μένadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμέν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on the one hand' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἔγγυονegguosA1B ASM · ἔγγυοςobject or complement within the clauseἔγγυος: lexical item rendered 'egguos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἔχοντεςholdingV1 · παπνπμ ἔχωparticiple elaborating the clause actionἔχω: verbal form rendered 'holding' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
εὐημερίαςsuccessN1A GSF · εὐημερίαgenitive modifier or complementεὐημερία: lexical item rendered 'success' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
νίκηςnikeN1 GSF · νίκηgenitive modifier or complementνίκη: lexical item rendered 'nike' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἀρετῆςpraise / excellenceN1 GSF · ἀρετήgenitive modifier or complementἀρετή: lexical item rendered 'praise / excellence' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'on/upon/against' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςobject or complement within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'LORD' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καταφυγήνkataphugeN1 ASF · καταφυγήobject or complement within the clauseκαταφυγή: lexical item rendered 'kataphuge' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καθηγεμόναkathegemonN3W ASM · καθηγεμώνobject or complement within the clauseκαθηγεμών: lexical item rendered 'kathegemon' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀγώνωνcontestN3W GPM · ἀγώνgenitive modifier or complementἀγών: lexical item rendered 'contest' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ταττόμενοιappointV1 · πμπνπμ τάσσωparticiple elaborating the clause actionτάσσω: verbal form rendered 'appoint' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θυμόνwrathN2 ASM · θυμόςobject or complement within the clauseθυμός: lexical item rendered 'wrath' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
29
γενομένης δὲ καρτερᾶς μάχης ἐφάνησαν τοῖς ὑπεναντίοις ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἐφ' ἵππων χρυσοχαλίνων ἄνδρες πέντε διαπρεπεῖς καὶ ἀφηγούμενοι τῶν Ιουδαίων
When the battle became fierce, there appeared to the adversaries from heaven five splendid men on horses with golden bridles, leading the Jews.
Heavenly cavalry make the battle's divine dimension visible to the enemy.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
γενομένηςhaving occurredVB · αμπγσφ γίγνομαιfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'having occurred' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καρτερᾶςkarterosA1A GSF · καρτερόςgenitive modifier or complementκαρτερός: lexical item rendered 'karteros' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μάχηςbattleN1 GSF · μάχηgenitive modifier or complementμάχη: lexical item rendered 'battle' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐφάνησανphainoVDI API3P · φαίνωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeφαίνω: verbal form rendered 'phaino' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὑπεναντίοιςadversariesA1A DPM · ὑπεναντίοςdative complement or reference termὑπεναντίος: lexical item rendered 'adversaries' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complementἐκ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'from' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive modifier or complementοὐρανός: lexical item rendered 'heaven' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐφ'ephP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'eph' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἵππωνhorseN2 GPM · ἵπποςgenitive modifier or complementἵππος: lexical item rendered 'horse' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
χρυσοχαλίνωνgolden-bridledA1B GPM · χρυσοχάλινοςgenitive modifier or complementχρυσοχάλινος: lexical item rendered 'golden-bridled' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἄνδρεςmanN3 NPM · ἀνήρsubject or predicate element within the clauseἀνήρ: lexical item rendered 'man' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πέντεfiveM · πέντεadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseπέντε: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'five' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
διαπρεπεῖςdistinguishedA3H NPM · διαπρεπήςsubject or predicate element within the clauseδιαπρεπής: lexical item rendered 'distinguished' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἀφηγούμενοιgovernorsV2 · πμπνπμ ἡγέομαι + ἀποparticiple elaborating the clause actionἡγέομαι + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'governors' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙουδαίωνJewN2 GPM · Ἰουδαῖοςgenitive modifier or complementἸουδαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Jew' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
30
οἳ καὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον μέσον λαβόντες καὶ σκεπάζοντες ταῖς ἑαυτῶν πανοπλίαις ἄτρωτον διεφύλαττον εἰς δὲ τοὺς ὑπεναντίους τοξεύματα καὶ κεραυνοὺς ἐξερρίπτουν διὸ συγχυθέντες ἀορασίᾳ διεκόπτοντο ταραχῆς πεπληρωμένοι
Taking Maccabaeus into their midst and shielding him with their own armor, they kept him unharmed, while at the adversaries they hurled missiles and thunderbolts; therefore, thrown into confusion by blindness, they were cut down, filled with turmoil.
Divine protection of Judas and divine assault on the enemy explain the scale of the victory.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςsubject or predicate element within the clauseὅς: lexical item rendered 'who / which' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΜακκαβαῖονMaccabaeusN2 ASM · Μακκαβαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
μέσονmidstA1 ASM · μέσοςobject or complement within the clauseμέσος: lexical item rendered 'midst' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
λαβόντεςtakeVB · ααπνπμ λαμβάνωparticiple elaborating the clause actionλαμβάνω: verbal form rendered 'take' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
σκεπάζοντεςskepazoV1 · παπνπμ σκεπάζωparticiple elaborating the clause actionσκεπάζω: verbal form rendered 'skepazo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἑαυτῶνthemselvesRD GPM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive modifier or complementἑαυτοῦ: lexical item rendered 'themselves' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πανοπλίαιςsuits of armorN1A DPF · πανοπλίαdative complement or reference termπανοπλία: lexical item rendered 'suits of armor' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἄτρωτονatrotosA1B ASM · ἄτρωτοςobject or complement within the clauseἄτρωτος: lexical item rendered 'atrotos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διεφύλαττονthey were preservingV1I IAI3P · φυλάσσω + διαfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ δια: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'into' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ὑπεναντίουςypenantiosA1A APM · ὑπεναντίοςobject or complement within the clauseὑπεναντίος: lexical item rendered 'ypenantios' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τοξεύματαtoxeumaN3M APM · τόξευμαobject or complement within the clauseτόξευμα: lexical item rendered 'toxeuma' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
κεραυνοὺςthunderboltN2 APM · κεραυνόςobject or complement within the clauseκεραυνός: lexical item rendered 'thunderbolt' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐξερρίπτουνthey were hurlingV1I IAI3P · ῥίπτω + ἐκfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἐκ: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
διὸthereforeC · διόclause connective or particleδιό: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'therefore' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
συγχυθέντεςcheoVC · αππνπμ χέω + συνparticiple elaborating the clause actionχέω + συν: verbal form rendered 'cheo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἀορασίᾳwith blindnessN1A DSF · ἀορασίαdative complement or reference termἀορασία: lexical item rendered 'with blindness' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διεκόπτοντοthey were cut downV1I IMI3P · κόπτω + διαfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ δια: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ταραχῆςtaracheN1 GSF · ταραχήgenitive modifier or complementταραχή: lexical item rendered 'tarache' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πεπληρωμένοιplerooVM · χππνπμ πληρόωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπληρόω: verbal form rendered 'pleroo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
31
κατεσφάγησαν δὲ δισμύριοι πρὸς τοῖς πεντακοσίοις ἱππεῖς δὲ ἑξακόσιοι
Twenty thousand five hundred were slain, and six hundred horsemen.
The battle's outcome is compressed into a stark casualty total.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
κατεσφάγησανthey were slaughteredVQI API3P · σφάζω + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ κατα: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
δισμύριοιtwenty thousandA1A NPM · δισμύριοιsubject or predicate element within the clauseδισμύριοι: lexical item rendered 'twenty thousand' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πεντακοσίοιςfive hundredA1A DPM · πεντακόσιοιdative complement or reference termπεντακόσιοι: lexical item rendered 'five hundred' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἱππεῖςippeysN3V NPM · ἱππεύςsubject or predicate element within the clauseἱππεύς: lexical item rendered 'ippeys' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἑξακόσιοιexakosioiA1A NPM · ἑξακόσιοιsubject or predicate element within the clauseἑξακόσιοι: lexical item rendered 'exakosioi' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
32
αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ Τιμόθεος συνέφυγεν εἰς Γαζαρα λεγόμενον ὀχύρωμα εὖ μάλα φρούριον στρατηγοῦντος ἐκεῖ Χαιρεου
Timothy himself fled to a place called Gazara, a very strong fortress, where Chaereas was commander.
The defeated commander survives only by retreating into another fortified position.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςsubject or predicate element within the clauseαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'he' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΤιμόθεοςTimothyN2 NSM · Τιμόθεοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseΤιμόθεος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Timothy' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
συνέφυγενfledVBI AAI3S · φεύγω + συνfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ συν: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'into' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ΓαζαραGazaraN AS · Γαζαραadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseΓαζαρα: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Gazara' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
λεγόμενονcalledV1 · πμπασμ λέγωparticiple elaborating the clause actionλέγω: verbal form rendered 'called' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὀχύρωμαstrongholdN3M ASN · ὀχύρωμαobject or complement within the clauseὀχύρωμα: lexical item rendered 'stronghold' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εὖwellD · εὖadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseεὖ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'well' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
μάλαindeedD · μάλαadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμάλα: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'indeed' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
φρούριονfortressN2N ASN · φρούριονobject or complement within the clauseφρούριον: lexical item rendered 'fortress' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
στρατηγοῦντοςstrategeoV2 · παπγσμ στρατηγέωparticiple elaborating the clause actionστρατηγέω: verbal form rendered 'strategeo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἐκεῖ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'there' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ΧαιρεουChaereasN1T GSM · Χαιρέαςgenitive modifier or complementΧαιρέας: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Chaereas' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
33
οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον ἄσμενοι περιεκάθισαν τὸ φρούριον ἡμέρας τέσσαρας
But those with Maccabaeus, rejoicing, besieged the fortress for four days.
Victory in the field is pressed into immediate siege warfare.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing its complementπερί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'concerning / about' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΜακκαβαῖονMaccabaeusN2 ASM · Μακκαβαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἄσμενοιgladlyA1 NPM · ἄσμενοςsubject or predicate element within the clauseἄσμενος: lexical item rendered 'gladly' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
περιεκάθισανencamped aroundVAI AAI3P · ἵζω + περι + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ περι + κατα: verbal form rendered 'encamped around' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
φρούριονfortressN2N ASN · φρούριονobject or complement within the clauseφρούριον: lexical item rendered 'fortress' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἡμέραςdaysN1A APF · ἡμέραobject or complement within the clauseἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'days' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τέσσαραςfourA3 APF · τέσσαρεςobject or complement within the clauseτέσσαρες: lexical item rendered 'four' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
34
οἱ δὲ ἔνδον τῇ ἐρυμνότητι τοῦ τόπου πεποιθότες ὑπεράγαν ἐβλασφήμουν καὶ λόγους ἀθεμίτους προί̈εντο
Those inside, trusting in the strength of the place, blasphemed excessively and uttered unlawful words.
The defenders' arrogance and blasphemy invite the violence that follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἔνδονinsideD · ἔνδονadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἔνδον: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'inside' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement or reference termὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐρυμνότητιstrengthN3T DSF · ἐρυμνότηςdative complement or reference termἐρυμνότης: lexical item rendered 'strength' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τόπουplaceN2 GSM · τόποςgenitive modifier or complementτόπος: lexical item rendered 'place' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πεποιθότεςbeing confidentVX · χαπνπμ πείθωparticiple elaborating the clause actionπείθω: verbal form rendered 'being confident' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ὑπεράγανexcessivelyD · ὑπεράγανadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseὑπεράγαν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'excessively' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐβλασφήμουνblasphemeoV2I IAI3P · βλασφημέωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeβλασφημέω: verbal form rendered 'blasphemeo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
λόγουςwordsN2 APM · λόγοςobject or complement within the clauseλόγος: lexical item rendered 'words' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀθεμίτουςathemitosA1 APM · ἀθέμιτοςobject or complement within the clauseἀθέμιτος: lexical item rendered 'athemitos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προί̈εντοthey were utteringVB AAI3P · ἵημι + προfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ προ: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
35
ὑποφαινούσης δὲ τῆς πέμπτης ἡμέρας εἴκοσι νεανίαι τῶν περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον πυρωθέντες τοῖς θυμοῖς διὰ τὰς βλασφημίας προσβαλόντες τῷ τείχει ἀρρενωδῶς καὶ θηριώδει θυμῷ τὸν ἐμπίπτοντα ἔκοπτον
As the fifth day dawned, twenty young men among those with Maccabaeus, inflamed with anger because of the blasphemies, bravely attacked the wall and with beastlike fury cut down anyone who fell before them.
The assault is driven not merely by tactics but by zeal provoked by sacrilegious speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ὑποφαινούσηςphainoV1 · παπγσφ φαίνω + ὑποparticiple elaborating the clause actionφαίνω + ὑπο: verbal form rendered 'phaino' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πέμπτηςfifthA1 GSF · πέμπτοςgenitive modifier or complementπέμπτος: lexical item rendered 'fifth' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἡμέραςdayN1A GSF · ἡμέραgenitive modifier or complementἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εἴκοσιtwentyM · εἴκοσιadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseεἴκοσι: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'twenty' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
νεανίαιneaniasN1T NPM · νεανίαςsubject or predicate element within the clauseνεανίας: lexical item rendered 'neanias' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing its complementπερί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'concerning / about' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΜακκαβαῖονMaccabaeusN2 ASM · Μακκαβαῖοςobject or complement within the clauseΜακκαβαῖος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Maccabaeus' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
πυρωθέντεςheatVC · αππνπμ πυρόωparticiple elaborating the clause actionπυρόω: verbal form rendered 'heat' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θυμοῖςwrathN2 DPM · θυμόςdative complement or reference termθυμός: lexical item rendered 'wrath' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'through / because of' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁobject or complement within the clauseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
βλασφημίαςblasphemiesN1A APF · βλασφημίαobject or complement within the clauseβλασφημία: lexical item rendered 'blasphemies' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προσβαλόντεςballoVB · ααπνπμ βάλλω + προςparticiple elaborating the clause actionβάλλω + προς: verbal form rendered 'ballo' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τείχειwallN3E DSN · τεῖχοςdative complement or reference termτεῖχος: lexical item rendered 'wall' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀρρενωδῶςmanfullyD · ἀρρενωδῶςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἀρρενωδῶς: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'manfully' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
θηριώδειbestialA3H DSM · θηριώδηςdative complement or reference termθηριώδης: lexical item rendered 'bestial' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
θυμῷwrathN2 DSM · θυμόςdative complement or reference termθυμός: lexical item rendered 'wrath' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἐμπίπτονταfallV1 · παπασμ πίπτω + ἐνparticiple elaborating the clause actionπίπτω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'fall' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἔκοπτονstruck / cut downV1I IAI3P · κόπτωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeκόπτω: verbal form rendered 'struck / cut down' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
36
ἕτεροι δὲ ὁμοίως προσαναβάντες ἐν τῷ περισπασμῷ πρὸς τοὺς ἔνδον ἐνεπίμπρων τοὺς πύργους καὶ πυρὰς ἀνάπτοντες ζῶντας τοὺς βλασφήμους κατέκαιον οἱ δὲ τὰς πύλας διέκοπτον εἰσδεξάμενοι δὲ τὴν λοιπὴν τάξιν προκατελάβοντο τὴν πόλιν
Others likewise climbed up during the distraction and set the towers on fire, and kindling blazes burned the blasphemers alive; others broke open the gates, admitted the rest of the force, and seized the city.
The siege ends through coordinated penetration, fire, and the collapse of the defenders' position.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
ἕτεροιotherA1A NPM · ἕτεροςsubject or predicate element within the clauseἕτερος: lexical item rendered 'other' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὁμοίωςlikewiseD · ὁμοίωςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseὁμοίως: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'likewise' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
προσαναβάντεςbainoVZ · ααπνπμ βαίνω + προς + ἀναparticiple elaborating the clause actionβαίνω + προς + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'baino' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
περισπασμῷperispasmosA1 DSM · περισπασμόςdative complement or reference termπερισπασμός: lexical item rendered 'perispasmos' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'to' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἔνδονinsideD · ἔνδονadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἔνδον: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'inside' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐνεπίμπρωνwas setting on fireV1I IAI3P · πίπρημι + ἐνfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ ἐν: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πύργουςtowerN2 APM · πύργοςobject or complement within the clauseπύργος: lexical item rendered 'tower' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
πυρὰςfiresN1A APF · πυράobject or complement within the clauseπυρά: lexical item rendered 'fires' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀνάπτοντεςaptoV1 · παπνπμ ἅπτω + ἀναparticiple elaborating the clause actionἅπτω + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'apto' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ζῶνταςaliveV3 · παπαπμ ζάωparticiple elaborating the clause actionζάω: verbal form rendered 'alive' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
βλασφήμουςblasphemousA1B APM · βλάσφημοςobject or complement within the clauseβλάσφημος: lexical item rendered 'blasphemous' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κατέκαιονthey burnedV1I IAI3P · καίω + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ κατα: verbal form rendered 'they burned' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁobject or complement within the clauseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πύλαςgatesN1 APF · πύληobject or complement within the clauseπύλη: lexical item rendered 'gates' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διέκοπτονthey were breaking throughV1I IAI3P · κόπτω + διαfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ δια: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
εἰσδεξάμενοιdechomaiVA · αμπνπμ δέχομαι + εἰςfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeδέχομαι + εἰς: verbal form rendered 'dechomai' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
λοιπὴνrestA1 ASF · λοιπόςobject or complement within the clauseλοιπός: lexical item rendered 'rest' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τάξινformN3I ASF · τάξιςobject or complement within the clauseτάξις: lexical item rendered 'form' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
προκατελάβοντοthey seized beforehandVBI AMI3P · λαμβάνω + προ + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ προ + κατα: verbal form rendered 'they seized beforehand' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςobject or complement within the clauseπόλις: lexical item rendered 'city' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
37
καὶ τὸν Τιμόθεον ἀποκεκρυμμένον ἔν τινι λάκκῳ κατέσφαξαν καὶ τὸν τούτου ἀδελφὸν Χαιρέαν καὶ τὸν Ἀπολλοφάνην
They slaughtered Timothy, who had been hiding in a certain cistern, and his brother Chaereas and Apollophanes.
The capture of the city culminates in the elimination of its principal hostile leaders.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΤιμόθεονTimothyN2 ASM · Τιμόθεοςobject or complement within the clauseΤιμόθεος: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Timothy' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
ἀποκεκρυμμένονkruptoVP · χμπασμ κρύπτω + ἀποparticiple elaborating the clause actionκρύπτω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'krupto' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
ἔνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'in' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τινιanyoneRI DSM · τιςdative complement or reference termτις: lexical item rendered 'anyone' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
λάκκῳthe pit / the dungeonN2 DSM · λάκκοςdative complement or reference termλάκκος: lexical item rendered 'the pit / the dungeon' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κατέσφαξανthey slaughteredVAI AAI3P · σφάζω + καταfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrative+ κατα: verbal form rendered '' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τούτουthis / theseRD GSM · οὗτοςgenitive modifier or complementοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'this / these' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἀδελφὸνbrotherN2 ASM · ἀδελφόςobject or complement within the clauseἀδελφός: lexical item rendered 'brother' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΧαιρέανChaereasN1T GSM · Χαιρέαςgenitive modifier or complementΧαιρέας: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Chaereas' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ἈπολλοφάνηνApollophanesN1M ASM · Ἀπολλοφάνηςobject or complement within the clauseἈπολλοφάνης: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Apollophanes' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
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ταῦτα δὲ διαπραξάμενοι μεθ' ὕμνων καὶ ἐξομολογήσεων εὐλόγουν τῷ κυρίῳ τῷ μεγάλως εὐεργετοῦντι τὸν Ισραηλ καὶ τὸ νῖκος αὐτοῖς διδόντι
Having accomplished these things, with hymns and thanksgivings they blessed the Lord, who greatly acts beneficently toward Israel and gives them the victory.
The chapter closes by returning victory to the Lord through liturgical praise and thanksgiving.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςobject or complement within the clauseοὗτος: lexical item rendered 'these things' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
δὲbutX · δέclause connective or particleδέ: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'but' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
διαπραξάμενοιprassoVA · αμπνπμ πράσσω + διαfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeπράσσω + δια: verbal form rendered 'prasso' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
μεθ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'with / after' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ὕμνωνhymnsN2 GPM · ὕμνοςgenitive modifier or complementὕμνος: lexical item rendered 'hymns' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
ἐξομολογήσεωνthanksgivingN3I GSF · ἐξομολόγησιςgenitive modifier or complementἐξομολόγησις: lexical item rendered 'thanksgiving' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
εὐλόγουνblessV2 IAI3P · εὐλογέωfinite verbal predicate advancing the narrativeεὐλογέω: verbal form rendered 'bless' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative complement or reference termκύριος: lexical item rendered 'LORD' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
μεγάλωςgreatlyD · μεγάλωςadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseμεγάλως: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'greatly' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
εὐεργετοῦντιact beneficentlyV2 · παπδσμ εὐεργετέωparticiple elaborating the clause actionεὐεργετέω: verbal form rendered 'act beneficently' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or connective modifier within the clauseἸσραήλ: proper name or place-name, rendered 'Israel' in this chapter's account of purification, rededication, and campaign warfare.
καὶandC · καίclause connective or particleκαί: connective, particle, preposition, or adverb rendered 'and' here to mark linkage, circumstance, or direction in the narrative.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phraseὁ: lexical item rendered 'the' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
νῖκοςvictoryN3E ASN · νῖκοςobject or complement within the clauseνῖκος: lexical item rendered 'victory' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement or reference termαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'them' here in the chapter's account of rededication, warfare, and thanksgiving.
διδόντιdidomiV8 · παπδσμ δίδωμιparticiple elaborating the clause actionδίδωμι: verbal form rendered 'didomi' here, contributing to the chapter's account of temple restoration, prayer, siege, and victory.