1
ὁ μὲν οὖν ἀρχιερεὺς Σιμων ἐξ ἐναντίας τοῦ ναοῦ κάμψας τὰ γόνατα καὶ τὰς χεῖρας προτείνας εὐτάκτως ἐποιήσατο τὴν δέησιν τοιαύτην
Then the high priest Simon, standing opposite the temple, bent his knees, stretched out his hands in orderly fashion, and made this prayer:
The narrative shifts from royal aggression to liturgical response. Simon's posture marks the prayer as public, priestly, and formally ordered before the sanctuary.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
μὲνindeedX · μένparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseμέν: indeed; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
οὖνthereforeX · οὖνparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseοὖν: therefore; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀρχιερεὺςhigh priestN3V NSM · ἀρχιερεύςnominative element functioning within the clauseἀρχιερεύς: high priest; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ΣιμωνSimonN NSM · Σιμωνnominal element functioning within the clauseΣιμων: Simon; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐκ: from; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐναντίαςoppositeA1A GSF · ἐναντίοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐναντίος: opposite; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ναοῦtempleN2 GSM · ναόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termναός: temple; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κάμψαςbendVA · ααπνσμ κάμπτωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionκάμπτω: bend; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
γόναταkneeN3 APN · γόνυaccusative element functioning within the clauseγόνυ: knee; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
χεῖραςhandN3 APF · χείρaccusative element functioning within the clauseχείρ: hand; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
προτείναςstretch outVA · ααπνσμ τείνω + προparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionτείνω + προ: stretch out; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εὐτάκτωςin orderly fashionD · εὐτάκτωςadverbial modifier of the clauseεὐτάκτως: in orderly fashion; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐποιήσατοmakeVAI AMI3S · ποιέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionποιέω: make; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
δέησινprayerN3I ASF · δέησιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseδέησις: prayer; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοιαύτηνsuchA1 ASF · τοιοῦτοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseτοιοῦτος: such; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
2
κύριε κύριε βασιλεῦ τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ δέσποτα πάσης κτίσεως ἅγιε ἐν ἁγίοις μόναρχε παντοκράτωρ πρόσχες ἡμῖν καταπονουμένοις ὑπὸ ἀνοσίου καὶ βεβήλου θράσει καὶ σθένει πεφρυαγμένου
Lord, Lord, King of the heavens and Master of all creation, Holy One among the holy, sole ruler, Almighty, look upon us who are oppressed by one impious and profane, swollen with insolence and strength.
The opening invocation piles up divine titles that dwarf royal pretension. Philopator's arrogance is set under the gaze of the true cosmic ruler.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςnominal element functioning within the clauseκύριος: Lord; divine title central to Simon’s appeal for temple protection and mercy.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςnominal element functioning within the clauseκύριος: Lord; divine title central to Simon’s appeal for temple protection and mercy.
βασιλεῦkingN3V VSM · βασιλεύςnominal element functioning within the clauseβασιλεύς: king; in this chapter the title is applied both to God in prayer and to the earthly ruler in contrast.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
οὐρανῶνheavenN2 GPM · οὐρανόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termοὐρανός: heaven; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
δέσποταmasterN1M VSM · δεσπότηςnominal element functioning within the clauseδεσπότης: master; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πάσηςallA1S GSF · πᾶςgenitive element qualifying a related head termπᾶς: all; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κτίσεωςcreationN3I GSF · κτίσιςgenitive element qualifying a related head termκτίσις: creation; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἅγιεholyA1A VSM · ἅγιοςnominal element functioning within the clauseἅγιος: holy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἁγίοιςholyA1A DPM · ἅγιοςdative element functioning within the clauseἅγιος: holy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
μόναρχεsole rulerN2 VSM · μόναρχοςnominal element functioning within the clauseμόναρχος: sole ruler; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R VSM · παντοκράτωρnominal element functioning within the clauseπαντοκράτωρ: Almighty; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πρόσχεςechoprosVB AAD2S · ἔχω + προςparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἔχω + προς: echopros; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἡμῖνusRP DP · ἐγώdative element functioning within the clauseἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καταπονουμένοιςponeokataV2 · πμπδπμ πονέω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clauseπονέω + κατα: poneokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its object within the phraseὑπό: by; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀνοσίουimpiousA1A GSM · ἀνόσιοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἀνόσιος: impious; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
βεβήλουprofaneA1B GSM · βέβηλοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termβέβηλος: profane; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
θράσειboldA3U DSM · θρασύςdative element functioning within the clauseθρασύς: bold; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
σθένειstrengthN3E DSN · σθένοςdative element functioning within the clauseσθένος: strength; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πεφρυαγμένουphruazoVK · χμπγσμ φρυάζωmain verbal form advancing the clauseφρυάζω: phruazo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
3
σὺ γὰρ ὁ κτίσας τὰ πάντα καὶ τῶν ὅλων ἐπικρατῶν δυνάστης δίκαιος εἶ καὶ τοὺς ὕβρει καὶ ἀγερωχίᾳ τι πράσσοντας κρίνεις
For you, who created all things and rule over the whole, are a righteous sovereign, and you judge those who act with violence and arrogance.
Simon's appeal rests on God's identity as creator and just ruler. Divine judgment is presented as morally consistent and universally authoritative.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
γὰρforX · γάρparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseγάρ: for; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
κτίσαςcreateVA · ααπνσμ κτίζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionκτίζω: create; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπᾶς: all; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ὅλωνwholeA1 GPN · ὅλοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termὅλος: whole; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐπικρατῶνkrateopiV2 · παπνσμ κρατέω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseκρατέω + ἐπι: krateopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
δυνάστηςsovereignN1M NSM · δυνάστηςnominative element functioning within the clauseδυνάστης: sovereign; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning within the clauseδίκαιος: righteous; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: be; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ὕβρειviolenceN3I DSF · ὕβριςdative element functioning within the clauseὕβρις: violence; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἀγερωχίᾳarroganceN1A DSF · ἀγερωχίαdative element functioning within the clauseἀγερωχία: arrogance; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τιanythingRI ASN · τιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseτις: anything; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πράσσονταςdoV1 · παπαπμ πράσσωmain verbal form advancing the clauseπράσσω: do; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
κρίνειςjudgeV1 PAI2S · κρίνωmain verbal form advancing the clauseκρίνω: judge; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
4
σὺ τοὺς ἔμπροσθεν ἀδικίαν ποιήσαντας ἐν οἷς καὶ γίγαντες ἦσαν ῥώμῃ καὶ θράσει πεποιθότες διέφθειρας ἐπαγαγὼν αὐτοῖς ἀμέτρητον ὕδωρ
You destroyed those in former times who committed injustice, among whom were giants confident in their strength and boldness, by bringing upon them immeasurable water.
The prayer invokes the flood as a precedent for overwhelming the proud. Ancient cosmic judgment becomes relevant to the present crisis.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἔμπροσθενformerlyD · ἔμπροσθενadverbial modifier of the clauseἔμπροσθεν: formerly; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀδικίανinjusticeN1A ASF · ἀδικίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseἀδικία: injustice; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ποιήσανταςmakeVA · ααπαπμ ποιέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionποιέω: make; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
οἷςosRR DPM · ὅςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentὅς: os; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandD · καίadverbial modifier of the clauseκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
γίγαντεςgiantN3 NPM · γίγαςnominative element functioning within the clauseγίγας: giant; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἦσανbeV9 IAI3P · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: be; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ῥώμῃstrengthN1 DSF · ῥώμηdative element functioning within the clauseῥώμη: strength; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
θράσειboldA3U DSM · θρασύςdative element functioning within the clauseθρασύς: bold; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πεποιθότεςpeithoVX · χαπνπμ πείθωmain verbal form advancing the clauseπείθω: peitho; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
διέφθειραςphtheirodiaVAI AAI2S · φθείρω + διαparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionφθείρω + δια: phtheirodia; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐπαγαγὼνagopiVB · ααπνσμ ἄγω + ἐπιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἄγω + ἐπι: agopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτοῖςhimRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀμέτρητονimmeasurableA1B ASN · ἀμέτρητοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἀμέτρητος: immeasurable; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative element functioning within the clauseὕδωρ: water; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
5
σὺ τοὺς ὑπερηφανίαν ἐργαζομένους Σοδομίτας διαδήλους ταῖς κακίαις γενομένους πυρὶ καὶ θείῳ κατέφλεξας παράδειγμα τοῖς ἐπιγινομένοις καταστήσας
You burned the Sodomites, who practiced arrogance and became notorious for wicked deeds, with fire and sulfur, setting them up as an example for those who come afterward.
Sodom supplies a second scriptural model of divine punishment. The prayer frames visible judgment as instruction for later generations.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ὑπερηφανίανprideN1A ASF · ὑπερηφανίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseὑπερηφανία: pride; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐργαζομένουςpracticeV1 · πμπαπμ ἐργάζομαιmain verbal form advancing the clauseἐργάζομαι: practice; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ΣοδομίταςodomitaiN APM · Σοδομῖταιnominal element functioning within the clauseΣοδομῖται: odomitai; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
διαδήλουςnotoriousA1B APM · διάδηλοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseδιάδηλος: notorious; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
κακίαιςwickednessN1A DPF · κακίαdative element functioning within the clauseκακία: wickedness; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
γενομένουςbecomeVB · αμπαπμ γίγνομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionγίγνομαι: become; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
πυρὶfireN3 DSN · πῦρdative element functioning within the clauseπῦρ: fire; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
θείῳtheiosA1A DSN · θεῖοςdative element functioning within the clauseθεῖος: theios; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κατέφλεξαςphlegokataVAI AAI2S · φλέγω + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionφλέγω + κατα: phlegokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
παράδειγμαexampleN3M ASN · παράδειγμαaccusative element functioning within the clauseπαράδειγμα: example; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἐπιγινομένοιςgignomaipiV1 · πμπδπμ γίγνομαι + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseγίγνομαι + ἐπι: gignomaipi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καταστήσαςistemikataVA · ααπνσμ ἵστημι + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἵστημι + κατα: istemikata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
6
σὺ τὸν θρασὺν Φαραω καταδουλωσάμενον τὸν λαόν σου τὸν ἅγιον Ισραηλ ποικίλαις καὶ πολλαῖς δοκιμάσας τιμωρίαις ἐγνώρισας τὴν σὴν δύναμιν ἐφ' οἷς ἐγνώρισας τὸ μέγα σου κράτος
You made known your power by testing with varied and many punishments the bold Pharaoh who had enslaved your holy people Israel; through these acts you revealed your great might.
The Exodus memory is central: God vindicates his people against an imperial oppressor. Philopator is implicitly aligned with Pharaoh.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
θρασὺνboldA3U ASM · θρασύςaccusative element functioning within the clauseθρασύς: bold; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ΦαραωPharaohN ASM · Φαραώnominal element functioning within the clauseΦαραώ: Pharaoh; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καταδουλωσάμενονdoulookataVA · αμπασμ δουλόω + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionδουλόω + κατα: doulookata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
λαόνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning within the clauseλαός: people; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἅγιονholyA1A ASM · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἅγιος: holy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clauseἸσραήλ: Israel; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ποικίλαιςvariedA1 DPF · ποικίλοςdative element functioning within the clauseποικίλος: varied; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
πολλαῖςmanyA1 DPF · πολύςdative element functioning within the clauseπολύς: many; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δοκιμάσαςtestVA · ααπνσμ δοκιμάζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionδοκιμάζω: test; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τιμωρίαιςpunishmentN1A DPF · τιμωρίαdative element functioning within the clauseτιμωρία: punishment; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐγνώρισαςmake knownVAI AAI2S · γνωρίζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionγνωρίζω: make known; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
σὴνyourA1 ASF · σόςaccusative element functioning within the clauseσός: your; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δύναμινpowerN3I ASF · δύναμιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseδύναμις: power; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐφ'piP · ἐπίpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐπί: pi; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
οἷςosRR DPM · ὅςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentὅς: os; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐγνώρισαςmake knownVAI AAI2S · γνωρίζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionγνωρίζω: make known; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
μέγαgreatA1P ASN · μέγαςaccusative element functioning within the clauseμέγας: great; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κράτοςmightN3E ASN · κράτοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseκράτος: might; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
7
καὶ ἐπιδιώξαντα αὐτὸν σὺν ἅρμασιν καὶ ὄχλων πλήθει ἐπέκλυσας βάθει θαλάσσης τοὺς δὲ ἐμπιστεύσαντας ἐπὶ σοὶ τῷ τῆς ἁπάσης κτίσεως δυναστεύοντι σώους διεκόμισας
And when he pursued them with chariots and a multitude of troops, you overwhelmed him in the depths of the sea, while those who had placed their trust in you, the ruler of all creation, you brought safely through.
Deliverance and destruction are held together in one divine act. Trust in God, not military capacity, determines the outcome.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἐπιδιώξανταdiokopiVA · ααπασμ διώκω + ἐπιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionδιώκω + ἐπι: diokopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing its object within the phraseσύν: with; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἅρμασινchariotN3M DPN · ἅρμαdative element functioning within the clauseἅρμα: chariot; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ὄχλωνmultitudeN2 GPM · ὄχλοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termὄχλος: multitude; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πλήθειfullnessN3E DSN · πλῆθοςdative element functioning within the clauseπλῆθος: fullness; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐπέκλυσαςluopikVA · ααπνσμ λύω + ἐπι + ἐκparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionλύω + ἐπι + ἐκ: luopik; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
βάθειbathusA3U DSN · βαθύςdative element functioning within the clauseβαθύς: bathus; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
θαλάσσηςseaN1S GSF · θάλασσαgenitive element qualifying a related head termθάλασσα: sea; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
ἐμπιστεύσανταςpisteuonVA · ααπαπμ πιστεύω + ἐνparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionπιστεύω + ἐν: pisteuon; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐπὶpiP · ἐπίpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐπί: pi; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
σοὶyouRP DS · σύdative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἁπάσηςapasA1S GSF · ἅπαςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἅπας: apas; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κτίσεωςcreationN3I GSF · κτίσιςgenitive element qualifying a related head termκτίσις: creation; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δυναστεύοντιruleV1 · παπδσμ δυναστεύωmain verbal form advancing the clauseδυναστεύω: rule; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
σώουςsafeA1A APM · σῶοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseσῶος: safe; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
διεκόμισαςkomizodiaVAI AAI2S · κομίζω + διαparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionκομίζω + δια: komizodia; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
8
οἳ καὶ συνιδόντες ἔργα σῆς χειρὸς ᾔνεσάν σε τὸν παντοκράτορα
And when they saw the works of your hand, they praised you, the Almighty.
The proper response to deliverance is praise. This brief line models the outcome Simon seeks for his own generation.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
οἳosRR NPM · ὅςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentὅς: os; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
συνιδόντεςoraosunVB · ααπνπμ ὁράω + συνparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionὁράω + συν: oraosun; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἔργαworkN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning within the clauseἔργον: work; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σῆςyourA1 GSF · σόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termσός: your; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive element qualifying a related head termχείρ: hand; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ᾔνεσάνpraiseVAI AAI3P · αἰνέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionαἰνέω: praise; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
παντοκράτοραAlmightyN3R ASM · παντοκράτωρaccusative element functioning within the clauseπαντοκράτωρ: Almighty; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
9
σύ βασιλεῦ κτίσας τὴν ἀπέραντον καὶ ἀμέτρητον γῆν ἐξελέξω τὴν πόλιν ταύτην καὶ ἡγίασας τὸν τόπον τοῦτον εἰς ὄνομά σοι τῷ τῶν ἁπάντων ἀπροσδεεῖ καὶ παρεδόξασας ἐν ἐπιφανείᾳ μεγαλοπρεπεῖ σύστασιν ποιησάμενος αὐτοῦ πρὸς δόξαν τοῦ μεγάλου καὶ ἐντίμου ὀνόματός σου
You, O King, created the boundless and immeasurable earth, chose this city, and sanctified this place for your name, though you have need of nothing from all things; and you glorified it with a majestic manifestation, establishing it for the glory of your great and honored name.
The prayer links Jerusalem's sanctity to divine election rather than human possession. The temple's honor derives from God's self-manifestation there.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
σύyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
βασιλεῦkingN3V VSM · βασιλεύςnominal element functioning within the clauseβασιλεύς: king; in this chapter the title is applied both to God in prayer and to the earthly ruler in contrast.
κτίσαςcreateVA · ααπνσμ κτίζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionκτίζω: create; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἀπέραντονboundlessA1B ASF · ἀπέραντοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἀπέραντος: boundless; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἀμέτρητονimmeasurableA1B ASF · ἀμέτρητοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἀμέτρητος: immeasurable; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
γῆνearthN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning within the clauseγῆ: earth; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐξελέξωlegokVAI AMI2S · λέγω + ἐκparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionλέγω + ἐκ: legok; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπόλις: city; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ταύτηνoutosRD ASF · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἡγίασαςsanctifyVAI AAI2S · ἁγιάζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἁγιάζω: sanctify; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative element functioning within the clauseτόπος: place; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦτονoutosRD ASM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning within the clauseὄνομα: name; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σοιyouRP DS · σύdative element functioning within the clauseσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἁπάντωνapasA3 GPN · ἅπαςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἅπας: apas; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀπροσδεεῖneeding nothingA3H DSM · ἀπροσδεήςdative element functioning within the clauseἀπροσδεής: needing nothing; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
παρεδόξασαςdoxazoparaVAI AAI2S · δοξάζω + παραparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionδοξάζω + παρα: doxazopara; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐπιφανείᾳpiphaneiaN1A DSF · ἐπιφανείαdative element functioning within the clauseἐπιφανεία: piphaneia; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
μεγαλοπρεπεῖmajesticA3H DSF · μεγαλοπρεπήςdative element functioning within the clauseμεγαλοπρεπής: majestic; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σύστασινestablishmentN3I ASF · σύστασιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseσύστασις: establishment; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ποιησάμενοςmakeVA · αμπνσμ ποιέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionποιέω: make; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πρὸςprosP · πρόςpreposition governing its object within the phraseπρός: pros; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning within the clauseδόξα: glory; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
μεγάλουgreatA1 GSN · μέγαςgenitive element qualifying a related head termμέγας: great; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἐντίμουhonoredA1B GSN · ἔντιμοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἔντιμος: honored; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὀνόματόςnameN3M GSN · ὄνομαgenitive element qualifying a related head termὄνομα: name; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
10
καὶ ἀγαπῶν τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Ισραηλ ἐπηγγείλω διότι ἐὰν γένηται ἡμῶν ἀποστροφὴ καὶ καταλάβῃ ἡμᾶς στενοχωρία καὶ ἐλθόντες εἰς τὸν τόπον τοῦτον δεηθῶμεν εἰσακούσῃ τῆς δεήσεως ἡμῶν
And because you loved the house of Israel, you promised that if we should turn away and distress should overtake us, then, if we come to this place and pray, you will hear our prayer.
Simon appeals directly to covenant promise. Temple prayer is grounded in God's prior commitment to hear repentant sufferers.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἀγαπῶνloveV3 · παπνσμ ἀγαπάωmain verbal form advancing the clauseἀγαπάω: love; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseοἶκος: house; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clauseἸσραήλ: Israel; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐπηγγείλωaggellopiVAI AMI2S · ἀγγέλλω + ἐπιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἀγγέλλω + ἐπι: aggellopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
διότιthatC · διότιconnector linking clauses or phrasesδιότι: that; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnector linking clauses or phrasesἐάν: if; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
γένηταιbecomeVB AMS3S · γίγνομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionγίγνομαι: become; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀποστροφὴturning awayN1 NSF · ἀποστροφήnominative element functioning within the clauseἀποστροφή: turning away; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
καταλάβῃlambanokataVB AAS3S · λαμβάνω + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionλαμβάνω + κατα: lambanokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning within the clauseἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
στενοχωρίαdistressN1A NSF · στενοχωρίαnominative element functioning within the clauseστενοχωρία: distress; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἐλθόντεςcomeVB · ααπνπμ ἔρχομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἔρχομαι: come; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative element functioning within the clauseτόπος: place; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦτονoutosRD ASM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δεηθῶμενdeoVC APS1P · δέωmain verbal form advancing the clauseδέω: deo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εἰσακούσῃakouoeisVA AMS2S · ἀκούω + εἰςparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἀκούω + εἰς: akouoeis; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
δεήσεωςprayerN3I GSF · δέησιςgenitive element qualifying a related head termδέησις: prayer; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
11
καὶ δὴ πιστὸς εἶ καὶ ἀληθινός
And indeed, you are faithful and true.
The prayer pauses to confess God's reliability. This brief affirmation turns remembered promise into present confidence.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
δὴdeX · δήparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδή: de; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
πιστὸςfaithfulA1 NSM · πιστόςnominative element functioning within the clauseπιστός: faithful; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: be; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἀληθινόςtrueA1 NSM · ἀληθινόςnominative element functioning within the clauseἀληθινός: true; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
12
ἐπεὶ δὲ πλεονάκις θλιβέντων τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν ἐβοήθησας αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει καὶ ἐρρύσω αὐτοὺς ἐκ μεγάλων κακῶν
For when our fathers were often afflicted, you helped them in their humiliation and rescued them from great evils.
Ancestral history as a whole is summoned as evidence. Israel's pattern has been repeated distress answered by divine aid.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἐπεὶsinceC · ἐπείconnector linking clauses or phrasesἐπεί: since; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
πλεονάκιςoftenD · πλεονάκιςadverbial modifier of the clauseπλεονάκις: often; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
θλιβέντωνafflictVB · ααπγπμ θλίβωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionθλίβω: afflict; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
πατέρωνfatherN3 GPM · πατήρgenitive element qualifying a related head termπατήρ: father; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐβοήθησαςhelpVAI AAI2S · βοηθέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionβοηθέω: help; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτοῖςhimRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ταπεινώσειhumiliationN3I DSF · ταπείνωσιςdative element functioning within the clauseταπείνωσις: humiliation; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἐρρύσωrescueVAI AMI2S · ῥύομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionῥύομαι: rescue; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτοὺςhimRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐκ: from; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
μεγάλωνgreatA1 GPN · μέγαςgenitive element qualifying a related head termμέγας: great; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κακῶνevilA1 GPN · κακόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termκακός: evil; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
13
ἰδοὺ δὲ νῦν ἅγιε βασιλεῦ διὰ τὰς πολλὰς καὶ μεγάλας ἡμῶν ἁμαρτίας καταπονούμεθα καὶ ὑπετάγημεν τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ἡμῶν καὶ παρείμεθα ἐν ἀδυναμίαις
But now, holy King, because of our many and great sins, we are oppressed, subjected to our enemies, and left in weakness.
The prayer does not deny Israel's sin. Present suffering is confessed as deserved in part, yet still brought before God's mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ἰδοὺseeVB AMD2S · ὁράωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionὁράω: see; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverbial modifier of the clauseνῦν: now; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἅγιεholyA1A VSM · ἅγιοςnominal element functioning within the clauseἅγιος: holy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
βασιλεῦkingN3V VSM · βασιλεύςnominal element functioning within the clauseβασιλεύς: king; in this chapter the title is applied both to God in prayer and to the earthly ruler in contrast.
διὰbecause ofP · διάpreposition governing its object within the phraseδιά: because of; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
πολλὰςmanyA1 APF · πολύςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπολύς: many; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
μεγάλαςgreatA1 APF · μέγαςaccusative element functioning within the clauseμέγας: great; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A APF · ἁμαρτίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseἁμαρτία: sin; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καταπονούμεθαponeokataV2 PMI1P · πονέω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clauseπονέω + κατα: poneokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ὑπετάγημενtassoupoVBI API1P · τάσσω + ὑποparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionτάσσω + ὑπο: tassoupo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἐχθροῖςenemyA1A DPM · ἐχθρόςdative element functioning within the clauseἐχθρός: enemy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
παρείμεθαiemiparaVM XMI1P · ἵημι + παραmain verbal form advancing the clauseἵημι + παρα: iemipara; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀδυναμίαιςweaknessN1A DPF · ἀδυναμίαdative element functioning within the clauseἀδυναμία: weakness; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
14
ἐν δὲ τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ καταπτώσει ὁ θρασὺς καὶ βέβηλος οὗτος ἐπιτηδεύει καθυβρίσαι τὸν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἀναδεδειγμένον τῷ ὀνόματι τῆς δόξης σου ἅγιον τόπον
And in our downfall this bold and profane man schemes to insult the holy place on earth that has been consecrated to the name of your glory.
Philopator's offense is not merely political but sacrilegious. The threatened temple becomes the focal point of the appeal.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἡμετέρᾳemeterosA1A DSF · ἡμέτεροςdative element functioning within the clauseἡμέτερος: emeteros; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καταπτώσειdownfallN3I DSF · κατάπτωσιςdative element functioning within the clauseκατάπτωσις: downfall; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
θρασὺςboldA3U NSM · θρασύςnominative element functioning within the clauseθρασύς: bold; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
βέβηλοςprofaneA1B NSM · βέβηλοςnominative element functioning within the clauseβέβηλος: profane; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
οὗτοςoutosRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐπιτηδεύειtedeuopiV1 PAI3S · τηδεύω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseτηδεύω + ἐπι: tedeuopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καθυβρίσαιubrizokataVA AAN · ὑβρίζω + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionὑβρίζω + κατα: ubrizokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἐπὶpiP · ἐπίpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐπί: pi; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element qualifying a related head termγῆ: earth; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀναδεδειγμένονdeiknuoanaVK · χμπασμ δεικνύω + ἀναmain verbal form advancing the clauseδεικνύω + ἀνα: deiknuoana; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ὀνόματιnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαdative element functioning within the clauseὄνομα: name; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive element qualifying a related head termδόξα: glory; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἅγιονholyA1A ASM · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἅγιος: holy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative element functioning within the clauseτόπος: place; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
15
τὸ μὲν γὰρ κατοικητήριόν σου οὐρανὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀνέφικτος ἀνθρώποις ἐστίν
For your dwelling place is the heaven of heaven, unreachable by human beings.
God's transcendence is affirmed even while the temple's sanctity is defended. The prayer avoids confusing the divine presence with human containment.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
μὲνindeedX · μένparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseμέν: indeed; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseγάρ: for; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
κατοικητήριόνdwelling placeN2 NSN · κατοικητήριονnominative element functioning within the clauseκατοικητήριον: dwelling place; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
οὐρανὸςheavenN2 NSM · οὐρανόςnominative element functioning within the clauseοὐρανός: heaven; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termοὐρανός: heaven; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀνέφικτοςunreachableA1B NSM · ἀνέφικτοςnominative element functioning within the clauseἀνέφικτος: unreachable; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀνθρώποιςhuman beingN2 DPM · ἄνθρωποςdative element functioning within the clauseἄνθρωπος: human being; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐστίνbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: be; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
16
ἀλλὰ ἐπεὶ εὐδοκήσας τὴν δόξαν σου ἐν τῷ λαῷ σου Ισραηλ ἡγίασας τὸν τόπον τοῦτον
But because you were pleased to glorify yourself among your people Israel, you sanctified this place.
The temple is holy because God chose to localize his honor there. Simon argues from divine initiative rather than from national possession.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἀλλὰallaC · ἀλλάconnector linking clauses or phrasesἀλλά: alla; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐπεὶsinceC · ἐπείconnector linking clauses or phrasesἐπεί: since; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
εὐδοκήσαςbe pleasedVA · ααπνσμ εὐδοκέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionεὐδοκέω: be pleased; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning within the clauseδόξα: glory; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςdative element functioning within the clauseλαός: people; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ΙσραηλIsraelN DSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clauseἸσραήλ: Israel; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἡγίασαςsanctifyVAI AAI2S · ἁγιάζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἁγιάζω: sanctify; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative element functioning within the clauseτόπος: place; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦτονoutosRD ASM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
17
μὴ ἐκδικήσῃς ἡμᾶς ἐν τῇ τούτων ἀκαθαρσίᾳ μηδὲ εὐθύνῃς ἡμᾶς ἐν βεβηλώσει ἵνα μὴ καυχήσωνται οἱ παράνομοι ἐν θυμῷ αὐτῶν μηδὲ ἀγαλλιάσωνται ἐν ὑπερηφανίᾳ γλώσσης αὐτῶν λέγοντες
Do not punish us in their uncleanness, and do not call us to account in their profanation, lest the lawless boast in their anger and exult in the arrogance of their tongue, saying,
The prayer fears not only damage but misinterpretation. If the sanctuary is violated, the wicked will claim theological victory.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
μὴmeD · μήadverbial modifier of the clauseμή: me; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐκδικήσῃςdikeokVA AAS2S · δικέω + ἐκparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionδικέω + ἐκ: dikeok; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning within the clauseἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τούτωνoutosRD GPM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀκαθαρσίᾳuncleannessN1A DSF · ἀκαθαρσίαdative element functioning within the clauseἀκαθαρσία: uncleanness; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
μηδὲmedeC · μηδέconnector linking clauses or phrasesμηδέ: mede; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
εὐθύνῃςcall to accountVA AAS2S · εὐθύνωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionεὐθύνω: call to account; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning within the clauseἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
βεβηλώσειprofanationN3I DSF · βεβήλωσιςdative element functioning within the clauseβεβήλωσις: profanation; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnector linking clauses or phrasesἵνα: so that; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
μὴmeD · μήadverbial modifier of the clauseμή: me; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καυχήσωνταιboastVA AMS3P · καυχάομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionκαυχάομαι: boast; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
παράνομοιlawlessA1B NPM · παράνομοςnominative element functioning within the clauseπαράνομος: lawless; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
θυμῷangerN2 DSM · θυμόςdative element functioning within the clauseθυμός: anger; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
αὐτῶνhimRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
μηδὲmedeC · μηδέconnector linking clauses or phrasesμηδέ: mede; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀγαλλιάσωνταιagalliaomaiVA AMS3P · ἀγαλλιάομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἀγαλλιάομαι: agalliaomai; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ὑπερηφανίᾳprideN1A DSF · ὑπερηφανίαdative element functioning within the clauseὑπερηφανία: pride; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
γλώσσηςtongueN1S GSF · γλῶσσαgenitive element qualifying a related head termγλῶσσα: tongue; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
αὐτῶνhimRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
λέγοντεςsayV1 · παπνπμ λέγωmain verbal form advancing the clauseλέγω: say; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
18
ἡμεῖς κατεπατήσαμεν τὸν οἶκον τοῦ ἁγιασμοῦ ὡς καταπατοῦνται οἱ οἶκοι τῶν προσοχθισμάτων
'We have trampled the house of sanctification, just as the houses of abominations are trampled.'
Simon gives voice to the blasphemous taunt he seeks to prevent. The contrast between the holy house and abominable shrines heightens the insult.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἡμεῖςusRP NP · ἐγώnominative element functioning within the clauseἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κατεπατήσαμενpateokataVAI AAI1P · πατέω + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionπατέω + κατα: pateokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseοἶκος: house; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἁγιασμοῦsanctificationN2 GSM · ἁγιασμόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἁγιασμός: sanctification; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὡςosC · ὡςconnector linking clauses or phrasesὡς: os; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καταπατοῦνταιpateokataV2 PMI3P · πατέω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clauseπατέω + κατα: pateokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
οἶκοιhouseN2 NPM · οἶκοςnominative element functioning within the clauseοἶκος: house; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
προσοχθισμάτωνprosochthismaN3M GPN · προσόχθισμαgenitive element qualifying a related head termπροσόχθισμα: prosochthisma; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
19
ἀπάλειψον τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν καὶ διασκέδασον τὰς ἀμβλακίας ἡμῶν καὶ ἐπίφανον τὸ ἔλεός σου κατὰ τὴν ὥραν ταύτην
Blot out our sins, disperse our failures, and reveal your mercy at this hour.
The community asks for mercy without minimizing guilt. Forgiveness and visible intervention are sought together.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἀπάλειψονaleiphoapoVA AAD2S · ἀλείφω + ἀποparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἀλείφω + ἀπο: aleiphoapo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A APF · ἁμαρτίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseἁμαρτία: sin; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
διασκέδασονskedazodiaVA AAD2S · σκεδάζω + διαparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionσκεδάζω + δια: skedazodia; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἀμβλακίαςamplakiaN1A APF · ἀμπλακίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseἀμπλακία: amplakia; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element qualifying a related head termἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἐπίφανονphainopiVA AAD2S · φαίνω + ἐπιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionφαίνω + ἐπι: phainopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἔλεόςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἔλεος: mercy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κατὰkataP · κατάpreposition governing its object within the phraseκατά: kata; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ὥρανhourN1A ASF · ὥραaccusative element functioning within the clauseὥρα: hour; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ταύτηνoutosRD ASF · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
20
ταχὺ προκαταλαβέτωσαν ἡμᾶς οἱ οἰκτιρμοί σου καὶ δὸς αἰνέσεις ἐν τῷ στόματι τῶν καταπεπτωκότων καὶ συντετριμμένων τὰς ψυχὰς ποιήσας ἡμῖν εἰρήνην
May your compassions quickly overtake us, and give praises in the mouths of those brought low and crushed in soul, granting us peace.
The desired end is not only survival but renewed praise and peace. Mercy is imagined as reversing collapse into worship.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ταχὺtachusD · ταχύςadverbial modifier of the clauseταχύς: tachus; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
προκαταλαβέτωσανlambanoprokataVB AAD3P · λαμβάνω + προ + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionλαμβάνω + προ + κατα: lambanoprokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning within the clauseἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
οἰκτιρμοίcompassionN2 NPM · οἰκτιρμόςnominative element functioning within the clauseοἰκτιρμός: compassion; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element qualifying a related head termσύ: you; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιmain verbal form advancing the clauseδίδωμι: give; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αἰνέσειςpraiseN3I APF · αἴνεσιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseαἴνεσις: praise; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
στόματιmouthN3M DSN · στόμαdative element functioning within the clauseστόμα: mouth; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
καταπεπτωκότωνpiptokataVX · χαπγπμ πίπτω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clauseπίπτω + κατα: piptokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
συντετριμμένωνtribosunVP · χμπγπμ τρίβω + συνmain verbal form advancing the clauseτρίβω + συν: tribosun; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ψυχὰςsoulN1 APF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning within the clauseψυχή: soul; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ποιήσαςmakeVA · ααπνσμ ποιέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionποιέω: make; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἡμῖνusRP DP · ἐγώdative element functioning within the clauseἐγώ: us; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἰρήνηνpeaceN1 ASF · εἰρήνηaccusative element functioning within the clauseεἰρήνη: peace; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
21
ἐνταῦθα ὁ πάντων ἐπόπτης θεὸς καὶ προπάτωρ ἅγιος ἐν ἁγίοις εἰσακούσας τῆς ἐνθέσμου λιτανείας τὸν ὕβρει καὶ θράσει μεγάλως ἐπηρμένον ἐμάστιξεν αὐτὸν
Thereupon God, who oversees all things, the holy Forefather among the holy, heard the lawful supplication and scourged the man who had been greatly lifted up in insolence and arrogance.
The narrative answers the prayer immediately. Divine judgment falls directly on the king's pride, confirming that God governs the sanctuary's honor.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ἐνταῦθαthereuponD · ἐνταῦθαadverbial modifier of the clauseἐνταῦθα: thereupon; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
πάντωνallA3 GPN · πᾶςgenitive element qualifying a related head termπᾶς: all; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐπόπτηςoverseerN1M NSM · ἐπόπτηςnominative element functioning within the clauseἐπόπτης: overseer; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
θεὸςtheosN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning within the clauseθεός: God; the prayer and narrative alike present him as creator, judge, and rescuer.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
προπάτωρforefatherN3R NSM · προπάτωρnominative element functioning within the clauseπροπάτωρ: forefather; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἅγιοςholyA1A NSM · ἅγιοςnominative element functioning within the clauseἅγιος: holy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἁγίοιςholyA1A DPM · ἅγιοςdative element functioning within the clauseἅγιος: holy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἰσακούσαςakouoeisVA · ααπνσμ ἀκούω + εἰςparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἀκούω + εἰς: akouoeis; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἐνθέσμουlawfulA1B GSF · ἔνθεσμοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἔνθεσμος: lawful; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
λιτανείαςsupplicationN1A GSF · λιτανείαgenitive element qualifying a related head termλιτανεία: supplication; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ὕβρειviolenceN3I DSF · ὕβριςdative element functioning within the clauseὕβρις: violence; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
θράσειboldA3U DSM · θρασύςdative element functioning within the clauseθρασύς: bold; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
μεγάλωςmegalosD · μεγάλωςadverbial modifier of the clauseμεγάλως: megalos; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐπηρμένονairopiVA · αμπασμ αἴρω + ἐπιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionαἴρω + ἐπι: airopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐμάστιξενscourgeVAI AAI3S · μαστίζωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionμαστίζω: scourge; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
22
ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν κραδάνας αὐτὸν ὡς κάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου ὥστε κατ' ἐδάφους ἄπρακτον ἔτι καὶ τοῖς μέλεσιν παραλελυμένον μηδὲ φωνῆσαι δύνασθαι δικαίᾳ περιπεπληγμένον κρίσει
Shaking him this way and that like a reed in the wind, he cast him helpless to the ground, his limbs paralyzed, unable even to speak, struck by a just judgment.
The image of the king as a wind-tossed reed turns imperial majesty into fragility. The paralysis is explicitly interpreted as righteous judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ἔνθενenthenD · ἔνθενadverbial modifier of the clauseἔνθεν: enthen; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἔνθενenthenD · ἔνθενadverbial modifier of the clauseἔνθεν: enthen; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
κραδάναςkradainoVA · ααπνσμ κραδαίνωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionκραδαίνω: kradaino; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὡςosC · ὡςconnector linking clauses or phrasesὡς: os; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
κάλαμονreedN2 ASM · κάλαμοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseκάλαμος: reed; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its object within the phraseὑπό: by; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀνέμουwindN2 GSM · ἄνεμοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἄνεμος: wind; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὥστεosteC · ὥστεconnector linking clauses or phrasesὥστε: oste; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
κατ'kataP · κατάpreposition governing its object within the phraseκατά: kata; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐδάφουςgroundN3E GSN · ἔδαφοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἔδαφος: ground; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἄπρακτονhelplessA1B ASM · ἄπρακτοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἄπρακτος: helpless; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial modifier of the clauseἔτι: still; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
μέλεσινlimbN3E DPN · μέλοςdative element functioning within the clauseμέλος: limb; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
παραλελυμένονluoparaVM · χμπασμ λύω + παραmain verbal form advancing the clauseλύω + παρα: luopara; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
μηδὲmedeC · μηδέconnector linking clauses or phrasesμηδέ: mede; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
φωνῆσαιspeakVA AAN · φωνέωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionφωνέω: speak; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
δύνασθαιbe ableV6 PMN · δύναμαιinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaδύναμαι: be able; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
δικαίᾳrighteousA1A DSF · δίκαιοςdative element functioning within the clauseδίκαιος: righteous; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
περιπεπληγμένονplessoperiVK · χμπασμ πλήσσω + περιmain verbal form advancing the clauseπλήσσω + περι: plessoperi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
κρίσειjudgmentN3I DSF · κρίσιςdative element functioning within the clauseκρίσις: judgment; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
23
ὅθεν οἵ τε φίλοι καὶ σωματοφύλακες ὀξεῖαν ἰδόντες τὴν καταλαβοῦσαν αὐτὸν εὔθυναν φοβούμενοι μὴ καὶ τὸ ζῆν ἐκλείπῃ ταχέως αὐτὸν ἐξείλκυσαν ὑπερβάλλοντι καταπεπληγμένοι φόβῳ
Therefore his friends and bodyguards, seeing the severe punishment that had overtaken him and fearing that his life might quickly fail, dragged him out, overwhelmed with extreme terror.
Royal attendants become unwilling witnesses to divine power. Their fear underscores how complete and public the collapse has been.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ὅθενthereforeD · ὅθενadverbial modifier of the clauseὅθεν: therefore; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
οἵosRR NPM · ὅςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentὅς: os; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τεteX TEparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseτε: te; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
φίλοιfriendA1 NPM · φίλοςnominative element functioning within the clauseφίλος: friend; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
σωματοφύλακεςbodyguardN3K APM · σωματοφύλαξaccusative element functioning within the clauseσωματοφύλαξ: bodyguard; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ὀξεῖανsevereA3U ASF · ὀξύςaccusative element functioning within the clauseὀξύς: severe; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἰδόντεςseeVB · ααπνπμ ὁράωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionὁράω: see; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
καταλαβοῦσανlambanokataVB · ααπασφ λαμβάνω + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionλαμβάνω + κατα: lambanokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εὔθυνανpunishmentN1A ASF · εὔθυναaccusative element functioning within the clauseεὔθυνα: punishment; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
φοβούμενοιfearV2 · πμπνπμ φοβέωmain verbal form advancing the clauseφοβέω: fear; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
μὴmeD · μήadverbial modifier of the clauseμή: me; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ζῆνliveV3 PAN · ζάωinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaζάω: live; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐκλείπῃleipokV1 PAS3S · λείπω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clauseλείπω + ἐκ: leipok; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ταχέωςquicklyD · ταχέωςadverbial modifier of the clauseταχέως: quickly; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐξείλκυσανeilkokVAI AAI3P · εἰλκω + ἐκparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionεἰλκω + ἐκ: eilkok; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ὑπερβάλλοντιballouperV1 · παπδσμ βάλλω + ὑπερmain verbal form advancing the clauseβάλλω + ὑπερ: ballouper; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καταπεπληγμένοιplessokataVK · χμπνπμ πλήσσω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clauseπλήσσω + κατα: plessokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
φόβῳphobosN2 DSM · φόβοςdative element functioning within the clauseφόβος: phobos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
24
ἐν χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἀναλεξάμενος αὑτὸν οὐδαμῶς εἰς μετάμελον ἦλθεν ἐπιτιμηθείς ἀπειλὰς δὲ πικρὰς θέμενος ἀνέλυσεν
But after some time, when he had recovered himself, he did not come to repentance at all, though reproved, but departed uttering bitter threats.
The judgment produces no conversion. Instead, chastisement hardens Philopator into further hostility.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
χρόνῳtimeN2 DSM · χρόνοςdative element functioning within the clauseχρόνος: time; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
ὕστερονlaterD · ὕστερονadverbial modifier of the clauseὕστερον: later; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀναλεξάμενοςlegoanaVA · αμπνσμ λέγω + ἀναparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionλέγω + ἀνα: legoana; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὑτὸνthemselvesRD ASM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentἑαυτοῦ: themselves; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
οὐδαμῶςnot at allD · οὐδαμῶςadverbial modifier of the clauseοὐδαμῶς: not at all; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
μετάμελονrepentanceN2 ASM · μετάμελοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseμετάμελος: repentance; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἦλθενcomeVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἔρχομαι: come; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐπιτιμηθείςtimaopiVC · αππνσμ τιμάω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseτιμάω + ἐπι: timaopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἀπειλὰςthreatN1 APF · ἀπειλήaccusative element functioning within the clauseἀπειλή: threat; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
πικρὰςbitterA1A APF · πικρόςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπικρός: bitter; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
θέμενοςutterVE · αμπνσμ τίθημιmain verbal form advancing the clauseτίθημι: utter; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἀνέλυσενluoanaVAI AAI3S · λύω + ἀναparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionλύω + ἀνα: luoana; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
25
διακομισθεὶς δὲ εἰς τὴν Αἴγυπτον καὶ τὰ τῆς κακίας ἐπαύξων διά τε τῶν προαποδεδειγμένων συμποτῶν καὶ ἑταίρων τοῦ παντὸς δικαίου κεχωρισμένων
And when he had returned to Egypt, increasing his wickedness through the drinking companions and associates already mentioned, men wholly estranged from every form of justice,
Back in Egypt the king's moral environment reinforces his rage. The court circle becomes an engine for expanding persecution.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
διακομισθεὶςkomizodiaVS · αππνσμ κομίζω + διαmain verbal form advancing the clauseκομίζω + δια: komizodia; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ΑἴγυπτονEgyptN2 ASF · Αἴγυπτοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseΑἴγυπτος: Egypt; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
κακίαςwickednessN1A GSF · κακίαgenitive element qualifying a related head termκακία: wickedness; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐπαύξωνauxopiV1 · παπνσμ αὔξω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clauseαὔξω + ἐπι: auxopi; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
διάbecause ofP · διάpreposition governing its object within the phraseδιά: because of; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τεteX TEparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseτε: te; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
προαποδεδειγμένωνdeiknuoproapoVK · χμπγπμ δεικνύω + προ + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clauseδεικνύω + προ + ἀπο: deiknuoproapo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
συμποτῶνsumpotesN1M GPM · συμπότηςgenitive element qualifying a related head termσυμπότης: sumpotes; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἑταίρωνassociateN2 GPM · ἑταῖροςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἑταῖρος: associate; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
παντὸςallA3 GSN · πᾶςgenitive element qualifying a related head termπᾶς: all; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δικαίουrighteousA1A GSN · δίκαιοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termδίκαιος: righteous; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κεχωρισμένωνseparateVT · χμπγπμ χωρίζωmain verbal form advancing the clauseχωρίζω: separate; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
26
οὐ μόνον ταῖς ἀναριθμήτοις ἀσελγείαις διηρκέσθη ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον θράσους προῆλθεν ὥστε δυσφημίας ἐν τοῖς τόποις συνίστασθαι καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν φίλων ἀτενίζοντας εἰς τὴν τοῦ βασιλέως πρόθεσιν καὶ αὐτοὺς ἕπεσθαι τῇ ἐκείνου θελήσει
he not only indulged in countless acts of debauchery, but advanced to such a pitch of audacity that he organized slanders in the places, and many of his friends, watching the king's intention, also followed his will.
Personal vice spills into public policy. Courtiers imitate the king, turning hostility into a coordinated campaign of defamation.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
οὐouD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clauseοὐ: ou; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
μόνονmononD · μόνονadverbial modifier of the clauseμόνον: monon; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἀναριθμήτοιςcountlessA1B DPF · ἀναρίθμητοςdative element functioning within the clauseἀναρίθμητος: countless; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀσελγείαιςdebaucheryN1A DPF · ἀσέλγειαdative element functioning within the clauseἀσέλγεια: debauchery; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
διηρκέσθηarkeodiaVCI API3S · ἀρκέω + διαmain verbal form advancing the clauseἀρκέω + δια: arkeodia; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἀλλὰallaC · ἀλλάconnector linking clauses or phrasesἀλλά: alla; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ἐπὶpiP · ἐπίpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐπί: pi; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τοσοῦτονso farA1 ASM · τοσοῦτοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseτοσοῦτος: so far; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
θράσουςinsolenceN3E GSN · θράσοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termθράσος: insolence; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
προῆλθενerchomaiproVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαι + προparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἔρχομαι + προ: erchomaipro; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ὥστεosteC · ὥστεconnector linking clauses or phrasesὥστε: oste; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
δυσφημίαςslanderN1A APF · δυσφημίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseδυσφημία: slander; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τόποιςplaceN2 DPM · τόποςdative element functioning within the clauseτόπος: place; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
συνίστασθαιistemisunV6 PMN · ἵστημι + συνinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaἵστημι + συν: istemisun; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
πολλοὺςmanyA1 APM · πολύςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπολύς: many; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
φίλωνfriendA1 GPM · φίλοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termφίλος: friend; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀτενίζονταςfix attentionV1 · παπνπμ ἀτενίζωmain verbal form advancing the clauseἀτενίζω: fix attention; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive element qualifying a related head termβασιλεύς: king; in this chapter the title is applied both to God in prayer and to the earthly ruler in contrast.
πρόθεσινpurposeN3I ASF · πρόθεσιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπρόθεσις: purpose; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
αὐτοὺςhimRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἕπεσθαιfollowV1 PMN · ἕπομαιinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaἕπομαι: follow; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἐκείνουkeinosRD GSM · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentἐκεῖνος: keinos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
θελήσειthelesisN3I DSF · θέλησιςdative element functioning within the clauseθέλησις: thelesis; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
27
προέθετο δημοσίᾳ κατὰ τοῦ ἔθνους διαδοῦναι ψόγον ἐπὶ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν αὐλὴν πύργου στήλην ἀναστήσας ἐκόλαψεν γραφὴν
He resolved to spread publicly a reproach against the nation, and setting up a pillar in the court precinct engraved upon it this inscription:
The attack now becomes monumental and official. Public inscription gives the king's hostility durable civic form.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
προέθετοtithemiproVEI AMI3S · τίθημι + προmain verbal form advancing the clauseτίθημι + προ: tithemipro; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
δημοσίᾳpubliclyA1A DSF · δημόσιοςdative element functioning within the clauseδημόσιος: publicly; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κατὰkataP · κατάpreposition governing its object within the phraseκατά: kata; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἔθνουςnationN3E GSN · ἔθνοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἔθνος: nation; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
διαδοῦναιdidomidiaVO AAN · δίδωμι + διαinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaδίδωμι + δια: didomidia; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ψόγονreproachN2 ASM · ψόγοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseψόγος: reproach; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐπὶpiP · ἐπίpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐπί: pi; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
κατὰkataP · κατάpreposition governing its object within the phraseκατά: kata; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
αὐλὴνcourtN1 ASF · αὐλήaccusative element functioning within the clauseαὐλή: court; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
πύργουtowerN2 GSM · πύργοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termπύργος: tower; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
στήληνpillarN1 ASF · στήληaccusative element functioning within the clauseστήλη: pillar; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀναστήσαςistemianaVA · ααπνσμ ἵστημι + ἀναparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἵστημι + ἀνα: istemiana; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐκόλαψενengraveVAI AAI3S · κολάπτωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionκολάπτω: engrave; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
γραφὴνinscriptionN1 ASF · γραφήaccusative element functioning within the clauseγραφή: inscription; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
28
μηδένα τῶν μὴ θυόντων εἰς τὰ ἱερὰ αὐτῶν εἰσιέναι πάντας δὲ τοὺς Ιουδαίους εἰς λαογραφίαν καὶ οἰκετικὴν διάθεσιν ἀχθῆναι τοὺς δὲ ἀντιλέγοντας βίᾳ φερομένους τοῦ ζῆν μεταστῆσαι
That none of those who do not sacrifice to their rites should enter their sanctuaries; that all Jews should be reduced to registration and servile status; and that those who resisted should be taken by force and deprived of life.
The decree binds cultic conformity, civic degradation, and lethal coercion together. Jewish identity itself is criminalized.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
μηδέναno oneA3 ASM · μηδείςaccusative element functioning within the clauseμηδείς: no one; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
μὴmeD · μήadverbial modifier of the clauseμή: me; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
θυόντωνsacrificeV1 · παπγπμ θύωmain verbal form advancing the clauseθύω: sacrifice; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἱερὰierosA1A APN · ἱερόςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἱερός: ieros; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
αὐτῶνhimRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἰσιέναιeimieisV9 PAN · εἶμι + εἰςinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaεἶμι + εἰς: eimieis; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
πάνταςallA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπᾶς: all; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ΙουδαίουςoudaiosN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἸουδαῖος: oudaios; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
λαογραφίανregistrationN1A ASF · λαογραφίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseλαογραφία: registration; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
οἰκετικὴνoiketikeN1 ASF · οἰκετικήaccusative element functioning within the clauseοἰκετική: oiketike; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
διάθεσινstatusN3I ASF · διάθεσιςaccusative element functioning within the clauseδιάθεσις: status; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀχθῆναιleadVQ APN · ἄγωinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaἄγω: lead; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
ἀντιλέγονταςlegoantiV1 · παπαπμ λέγω + ἀντιmain verbal form advancing the clauseλέγω + ἀντι: legoanti; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
βίᾳby forceN1A DSF · βίαdative element functioning within the clauseβία: by force; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
φερομένουςcarryV1 · πμπαπμ φέρωmain verbal form advancing the clauseφέρω: carry; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ζῆνliveV3 PAN · ζάωinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaζάω: live; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
μεταστῆσαιistemimetaVA AAN · ἵστημι + μεταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἵστημι + μετα: istemimeta; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
29
τούς τε ἀπογραφομένους χαράσσεσθαι καὶ διὰ πυρὸς εἰς τὸ σῶμα παρασήμῳ Διονύσου κισσοφύλλῳ οὓς καὶ καταχωρίσαι εἰς τὴν προσυνεσταλμένην αὐθεντίαν
Those who were registered were also to be branded on their bodies by fire with the ivy-leaf mark of Dionysus and to be entered into this diminished authority-status.
Branding makes subjugation physically visible and religiously coded. The Dionysiac mark signals forced incorporation into the king's symbolic order.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
τούςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τεteX TEparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseτε: te; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἀπογραφομένουςgraphoapoV1 · πμπαπμ γράφω + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clauseγράφω + ἀπο: graphoapo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
χαράσσεσθαιbrandV1 PMN · χαράσσωinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaχαράσσω: brand; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
διὰbecause ofP · διάpreposition governing its object within the phraseδιά: because of; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
πυρὸςfireN3 GSN · πῦρgenitive element qualifying a related head termπῦρ: fire; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
σῶμαbodyN3M ASN · σῶμαaccusative element functioning within the clauseσῶμα: body; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
παρασήμῳmarkA1B DSN · παράσημοςdative element functioning within the clauseπαράσημος: mark; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ΔιονύσουionusosN2 GSM · Διόνυσοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termΔιόνυσος: ionusos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κισσοφύλλῳivy leafN2N DSN · κισσόφυλλονdative element functioning within the clauseκισσόφυλλον: ivy leaf; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
οὓςosRR APM · ὅςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentὅς: os; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
καταχωρίσαιchorizokataVA AAN · χωρίζω + καταparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionχωρίζω + κατα: chorizokata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its object within the phraseεἰς: eis; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
προσυνεσταλμένηνtellomaiprosunVA · αμπασφ τέλλομαι + προ + συνparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionτέλλομαι + προ + συν: tellomaiprosun; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
αὐθεντίανauthority-statusN1A ASF · αὐθεντίαaccusative element functioning within the clauseαὐθεντία: authority-status; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
30
ἵνα δὲ μὴ τοῖς πᾶσιν ἀπεχθόμενος φαίνηται ὑπέγραψεν ἐὰν δέ τινες ἐξ αὐτῶν προαιρῶνται ἐν τοῖς κατὰ τὰς τελετὰς μεμυημένοις ἀναστρέφεσθαι τούτους ἰσοπολίτας Ἀλεξανδρεῦσιν εἶναι
But so that he might not seem hateful to everyone, he added that if any of them should choose to join those initiated in the rites, these were to be equal citizens with the Alexandrians.
The offer of citizenship is a coercive masquerade of generosity. Assimilation is held out as the only escape from degradation.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnector linking clauses or phrasesἵνα: so that; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
μὴmeD · μήadverbial modifier of the clauseμή: me; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
πᾶσινallA3 DPM · πᾶςdative element functioning within the clauseπᾶς: all; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀπεχθόμενοςchthanomaiapoVB · αμπνσμ ἐχθάνομαι + ἀποparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἐχθάνομαι + ἀπο: chthanomaiapo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
φαίνηταιphainoV1 PMS3S · φαίνωmain verbal form advancing the clauseφαίνω: phaino; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ὑπέγραψενgraphoupoVAI AAI3S · γράφω + ὑποparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionγράφω + ὑπο: graphoupo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnector linking clauses or phrasesἐάν: if; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
δέdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
τινεςanythingRI NPM · τιςnominative element functioning within the clauseτις: anything; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐκ: from; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
αὐτῶνhimRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
προαιρῶνταιairoproV1 PMS3P · αἴρω + προmain verbal form advancing the clauseαἴρω + προ: airopro; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐν: in; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
κατὰkataP · κατάpreposition governing its object within the phraseκατά: kata; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τελετὰςriteN1 APF · τελετήaccusative element functioning within the clauseτελετή: rite; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
μεμυημένοιςmueomaiVM · πμπδπμ μυέομαιmain verbal form advancing the clauseμυέομαι: mueomai; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἀναστρέφεσθαιstrephoanaV1 PMN · στρέφω + ἀναinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaστρέφω + ἀνα: strephoana; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τούτουςoutosRD APM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentοὗτος: outos; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἰσοπολίταςequal citizenN1M APM · ἰσοπολίτηςaccusative element functioning within the clauseἰσοπολίτης: equal citizen; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἈλεξανδρεῦσινAlexandrianN3V DPM · Ἀλεξανδρεύςdative element functioning within the clauseἈλεξανδρεύς: Alexandrian; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εἶναιbeV9 PAN · εἰμίinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaεἰμί: be; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
31
ἔνιοι μὲν οὖν ἐπιπολαίως τὰς τῆς πόλεως εὐσεβείας ἐπιβάθρας στυγοῦντες εὐχερῶς ἑαυτοὺς ἐδίδοσαν ὡς μεγάλης τινὸς κοινωνήσοντες εὐκλείας ἀπὸ τῆς ἐσομένης τῷ βασιλεῖ συναναστροφῆς
So some, treating lightly the city's foundations of piety and hating them, readily surrendered themselves, as though they would share in some great honor from association with the king.
A minority capitulates for the sake of prestige and proximity to power. The narrator judges this as shallow and impious opportunism.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ἔνιοιsomeA1A NPM · ἔνιοιnominative element functioning within the clauseἔνιοι: some; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
μὲνindeedX · μένparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseμέν: indeed; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
οὖνthereforeX · οὖνparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseοὖν: therefore; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐπιπολαίωςlightlyD · ἐπιπολαίωςadverbial modifier of the clauseἐπιπολαίως: lightly; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive element qualifying a related head termπόλις: city; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
εὐσεβείαςpietyN1A APF · εὐσέβειαaccusative element functioning within the clauseεὐσέβεια: piety; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐπιβάθραςfoundationN1A APF · ἐπιβάθραaccusative element functioning within the clauseἐπιβάθρα: foundation; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
στυγοῦντεςhateV2 · παπνπμ στυγέωmain verbal form advancing the clauseστυγέω: hate; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εὐχερῶςreadilyD · εὐχερῶςadverbial modifier of the clauseεὐχερῶς: readily; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἑαυτοὺςthemselvesRD APM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentἑαυτοῦ: themselves; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐδίδοσανgiveV8I IMI3P · δίδωμιmain verbal form advancing the clauseδίδωμι: give; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ὡςosC · ὡςconnector linking clauses or phrasesὡς: os; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
μεγάληςgreatA1 GSF · μέγαςgenitive element qualifying a related head termμέγας: great; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τινὸςanythingRI GSF · τιςgenitive element qualifying a related head termτις: anything; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
κοινωνήσοντεςshareV2 · φαπνπμ κοινωνέωmain verbal form advancing the clauseκοινωνέω: share; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
εὐκλείαςeukleiaN1A GSF · εὔκλειαgenitive element qualifying a related head termεὔκλεια: eukleia; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἀπὸapoP · ἀπόpreposition governing its object within the phraseἀπό: apo; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἐσομένηςbeVF · φμπγσφ εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clauseεἰμί: be; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element functioning within the clauseβασιλεύς: king; in this chapter the title is applied both to God in prayer and to the earthly ruler in contrast.
συναναστροφῆςassociationN1 GSF · συναναστροφήgenitive element qualifying a related head termσυναναστροφή: association; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
32
οἱ δὲ πλεῖστοι γενναίᾳ ψυχῇ ἐνίσχυσαν καὶ οὐ διέστησαν τῆς εὐσεβείας τά τε χρήματα περὶ τοῦ ζῆν ἀντικαταλλασσόμενοι ἀδεῶς ἐπειρῶντο ἑαυτοὺς ῥύσασθαι ἐκ τῶν ἀπογραφῶν
But most, strengthened in noble spirit, did not abandon their piety; rather, exchanging their money for life, they boldly tried to rescue themselves from the registrations.
The majority respond with courage and practical resourcefulness. Their refusal to surrender piety defines the faithful stance.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
δὲdeX · δέparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseδέ: but, and, now; connective marking development or contrast.
πλεῖστοιmanyA1 NPMS · πολύςnominative element functioning within the clauseπολύς: many; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
γενναίᾳnobleA1A DSF · γενναῖοςdative element functioning within the clauseγενναῖος: noble; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ψυχῇsoulN1 DSF · ψυχήdative element functioning within the clauseψυχή: soul; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐνίσχυσανischuonVA AAI3P · ἰσχύω + ἐνparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionἰσχύω + ἐν: ischuon; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
οὐouD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clauseοὐ: ou; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
διέστησανistemidiaVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + διαmain verbal form advancing the clauseἵστημι + δια: istemidia; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
εὐσεβείαςpietyN1A GSF · εὐσέβειαgenitive element qualifying a related head termεὐσέβεια: piety; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τάtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
τεteX TEparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseτε: te; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
χρήματαmoneyN3M APN · χρῆμαaccusative element functioning within the clauseχρῆμα: money; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
περὶfor the sake ofP · περίpreposition governing its object within the phraseπερί: for the sake of; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ζῆνliveV3 PAN · ζάωinfinitive complement completing the governing verbal ideaζάω: live; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἀντικαταλλασσόμενοιallassoantikataV1 · πμπνπμ ἀλλάσσω + ἀντι καταmain verbal form advancing the clauseἀλλάσσω + ἀντι κατα: allassoantikata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἀδεῶςboldlyD · ἀδεῶςadverbial modifier of the clauseἀδεῶς: boldly; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
ἐπειρῶντοpeirazoV1I IMI3P · πειράζωmain verbal form advancing the clauseπειράζω: peirazo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἑαυτοὺςthemselvesRD APM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentἑαυτοῦ: themselves; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ῥύσασθαιrescueVA AMN · ῥύομαιparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionῥύομαι: rescue; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐκ: from; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἀπογραφῶνregistrationN1 GPF · ἀπογραφήgenitive element qualifying a related head termἀπογραφή: registration; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
33
εὐέλπιδές τε καθειστήκεισαν ἀντιλήμψεως τεύξασθαι καὶ τοὺς ἀποχωροῦντας ἐξ αὐτῶν ἐβδελύσσοντο καὶ ὡς πολεμίους τοῦ ἔθνους ἔκρινον καὶ τῆς κοινῆς συναναστροφῆς καὶ εὐχρηστίας ἐστέρουν
They stood hopeful of obtaining help, and they abhorred those who were deserting them, judging them enemies of the nation and depriving them of common fellowship and usefulness.
The chapter closes by drawing a sharp communal line between steadfastness and apostasy. Social separation now runs within the Jewish community itself.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
εὐέλπιδέςeuelpisA3 NPM · εὔελπιςnominative element functioning within the clauseεὔελπις: euelpis; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τεteX TEparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clauseτε: te; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
καθειστήκεισανistemikataVX YAI3P · ἵστημι + καταmain verbal form advancing the clauseἵστημι + κατα: istemikata; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἀντιλήμψεωςantilepsisN3I GSF · ἀντίληψιςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἀντίληψις: antilepsis; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τεύξασθαιteuchoVA AMN · τεύχωparticiple modifying the clause and supplying circumstance or descriptionτεύχω: teucho; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἀποχωροῦνταςchoreoapoV2 · παπαπμ χωρέω + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clauseχωρέω + ἀπο: choreoapo; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its object within the phraseἐκ: from; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
αὐτῶνhimRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to a local participant or antecedentαὐτός: him; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐβδελύσσοντοbdelussoV1I IMI3P · βδελύσσωmain verbal form advancing the clauseβδελύσσω: bdelusso; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
ὡςosC · ὡςconnector linking clauses or phrasesὡς: os; connective or modifier contributing to the force of the clause.
πολεμίουςenemyA1A APM · πολέμιοςaccusative element functioning within the clauseπολέμιος: enemy; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
ἔθνουςnationN3E GSN · ἔθνοςgenitive element qualifying a related head termἔθνος: nation; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἔκρινονjudgeV1I IAI3P · κρίνωmain verbal form advancing the clauseκρίνω: judge; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following substantive or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking the substantival phrase in its local case and number.
κοινῆςcommonA1 GSF · κοινόςgenitive element qualifying a related head termκοινός: common; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
συναναστροφῆςassociationN1 GSF · συναναστροφήgenitive element qualifying a related head termσυναναστροφή: association; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking parallel elementsκαί: and; coordinating conjunction linking words, phrases, or clauses.
εὐχρηστίαςusefulnessN1A GSF · εὐχρηστίαgenitive element qualifying a related head termεὐχρηστία: usefulness; nominal lexeme identified by its inflection and local syntactic role.
ἐστέρουνdepriveV2I IAI3P · στερέωmain verbal form advancing the clauseστερέω: deprive; verbal lexeme used here in the form demanded by the clause.