1
οὕτως λέγει κύριος ὁ οὐρανός μοι θρόνος ἡ δὲ γῆ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν μου ποῖον οἶκον οἰκοδομήσετέ μοι ἢ ποῖος τόπος τῆς καταπαύσεώς μου
Thus says the Lord: Heaven is my throne, and the earth is a footstool for my feet. What sort of house will you build for me, or what place is there for my resting?
The Lord opens by relativizing temple pretensions before his cosmic majesty and asking what human structure could contain him.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανόςheavenN2 NSM · οὐρανόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θρόνοςthroneN2 NSM · θρόνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθρόνος: meaning 'throne'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γῆland / earthN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑποπόδιονfootstoolN2N NSN · ὑποπόδιονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑποπόδιον: meaning 'footstool'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποδῶνfootN3D GPM · πούςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποῖονwhat sort ofA1A ASM · ποῖοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationποῖος: meaning 'what sort of'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οἰκοδομήσετέyou will buildVF FAI2P · οἰκοδομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοἰκοδομέω: meaning 'you will build'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποῖοςwhat sort ofA1A NSM · ποῖοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceποῖος: meaning 'what sort of'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τόποςplaceN2 NSM · τόποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταπαύσεώςresting placeN3I GSF · κατάπαυσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκατάπαυσις: meaning 'resting place'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
2
πάντα γὰρ ταῦτα ἐποίησεν ἡ χείρ μου καὶ ἔστιν ἐμὰ πάντα ταῦτα λέγει κύριος καὶ ἐπὶ τίνα ἐπιβλέψω ἀλλ' ἢ ἐπὶ τὸν ταπεινὸν καὶ ἡσύχιον καὶ τρέμοντα τοὺς λόγους μου
For my hand made all these things, and all these things are mine, says the Lord. But upon whom shall I look, except upon the humble and quiet one who trembles at my words?
The Lord answers his own question by identifying the true object of his regard: not grand construction, but humble attentiveness to his word.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χείρhandN3 NSF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμὰmineA1 APN · ἐμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐμός: meaning 'mine'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ταῦταtheseRD NPN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'these'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τίναwhatRI ASM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίνα: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπιβλέψωshall I lookVF FAI1S · βλέπω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureβλέπω + ἐπι: meaning 'shall I look'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ταπεινὸνhumbleA1 ASM · ταπεινόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationταπεινός: meaning 'humble'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡσύχιονquietA1B ASM · ἡσύχιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἡσύχιος: meaning 'quiet'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τρέμονταtremblingV1 · παπασμ τρέμωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασμ τρέμω: meaning 'trembling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγουςwordN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
ὁ δὲ ἄνομος ὁ θύων μοι μόσχον ὡς ὁ ἀποκτέννων κύνα ὁ δὲ ἀναφέρων σεμίδαλιν ὡς αἷμα ὕειον ὁ διδοὺς λίβανον εἰς μνημόσυνον ὡς βλάσφημος καὶ οὗτοι ἐξελέξαντο τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ βδελύγματα αὐτῶν ἃ ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτῶν ἠθέλησεν
But the lawless man who sacrifices to me a calf is like one who kills a dog; the one who offers fine flour is like swine's blood; the one who gives frankincense for a memorial is like a blasphemer. These chose their own ways, and their soul desired their abominations.
Cultic acts are exposed as abhorrent when joined to lawlessness, because the worshipers have deliberately chosen defiled ways.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄνομοςlawlessA1B NSM · ἄνομοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θύωνsacrificingV1 · παπνσμ θύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ θύω: meaning 'sacrificing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μόσχονmoschonN2 ASM · μόσχοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμόσχος: meaning 'moschon'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀποκτέννωνkillingV1 · παπνσμ κτείνω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ κτείνω + ἀπο: meaning 'killing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύναdogN3 ASM · κύωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύων: meaning 'dog'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναφέρωνphero + anaV1 · παπνσμ φέρω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ φέρω + ἀνα: meaning 'phero + ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεμίδαλινfine flourN3I ASF · σεμίδαλιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσεμίδαλις: meaning 'fine flour'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἷμαbloodN3M ASN · αἷμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὕειονswine'sN2 ASN · ὕειοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕειος: meaning 'swine's'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διδοὺςgiveV8 · παπνσμ δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ δίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λίβανονfrankincenseN2 ASM · λίβανοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλίβανος: meaning 'frankincense'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μνημόσυνονmemorialN2N ASN · μνημόσυνονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμνημόσυνον: meaning 'memorial'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βλάσφημοςblasphemerA1B NSM · βλάσφημοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβλάσφημος: meaning 'blasphemer'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὗτοιtheseRD NPM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοὗτοι: meaning 'these'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξελέξαντοchooseVAI AMI3P · λέγω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλέγω + ἐκ: meaning 'choose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδοὺςwayN2 APF · ὁδόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁδός: meaning 'way'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βδελύγματαabominationsN3M APN · βδέλυγμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβδέλυγμα: meaning 'abominations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἃwhichRR APN · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἃ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχὴsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἠθέλησενwilledVAI AAI3S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθέλω: meaning 'willed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
κἀγὼ ἐκλέξομαι τὰ ἐμπαίγματα αὐτῶν καὶ τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἀνταποδώσω αὐτοῖς ὅτι ἐκάλεσα αὐτοὺς καὶ οὐχ ὑπήκουσάν μου ἐλάλησα καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν καὶ ἐποίησαν τὸ πονηρὸν ἐναντίον μου καὶ ἃ οὐκ ἐβουλόμην ἐξελέξαντο
So I also will choose mockeries for them, and I will repay their sins to them, because I called them and they did not obey me; I spoke and they did not hear, but they did what was evil before me and chose what I did not will.
The Lord answers chosen evil with chosen judgment, grounding the sentence in repeated refusal of his summons.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
κἀγὼand IC+RPNS · καί̈ἐγώconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκἀγὼ: meaning 'and I'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκλέξομαιI will chooseVF FMI1S · λέγω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλέγω + ἐκ: meaning 'I will choose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐμπαίγματαmockeriesN3M APN · ἐμπαίγμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐμπαίγμα: meaning 'mockeries'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A APF · ἁμαρτίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀνταποδώσωrepayVF FAI1S · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι + ἀντι ἀπο: meaning 'repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκάλεσαyou have invited / calledVAI AAI1S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκαλέω: meaning 'you have invited'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπήκουσάνthey obeyedVAI AAI3P · ἀκούω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω + ὑπο: meaning 'they obeyed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐλάλησαspeakVAI AAI1S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἤκουσανhearVAI AAI3P · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησανdidVAI AAI3P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πονηρὸνevilA1A ASN · πονηρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπονηρός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐναντίονbeforeD · ἐναντίονadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐναντίον: meaning 'before'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἃwhichRR APN · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἃ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐβουλόμηνI willedV1I IMI1S · βούλομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβούλομαι: meaning 'I willed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐξελέξαντοchooseVAI AMI3P · λέγω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλέγω + ἐκ: meaning 'choose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
5
ἀκούσατε τὸ ῥῆμα κυρίου οἱ τρέμοντες τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ εἴπατε ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν τοῖς μισοῦσιν ἡμᾶς καὶ βδελυσσομένοις ἵνα τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου δοξασθῇ καὶ ὀφθῇ ἐν τῇ εὐφροσύνῃ αὐτῶν κἀκεῖνοι αἰσχυνθήσονται
Hear the word of the Lord, you who tremble at his word. Say to our brothers who hate us and detest us, 'Let the name of the Lord be glorified, and let him appear in their joy'; but those men shall be put to shame.
The faithful are told to endure the hostility of false brethren, with the assurance that the Lord's vindication will reverse present contempt.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
ἀκούσατεhearVA AAD2P · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥῆμαword / matterN3M ASN · ῥῆμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationῥῆμα: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρέμοντεςtremblingV1 · παπνπμ τρέμωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ τρέμω: meaning 'trembling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἴπατεsayVAI AAD2P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεἶπον: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀδελφοὶbrothersN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brothers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μισοῦσινhatingV2 PAI3P · μισέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processμισέω: meaning 'hating'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βδελυσσομένοιςdetestingV1 · πμπδπμ βδελύσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπδπμ βδελύσσω: meaning 'detesting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δοξασθῇmay be glorifiedVS APS3S · δοξάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδοξάζω: meaning 'may be glorified'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀφθῇmay appearVV APS3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyὁράω: meaning 'may appear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐφροσύνῃgladnessN1 DSF · εὐφροσύνηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'gladness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κἀκεῖνοιand thoseC+RDNPM · καί̈ἐκεῖνοςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκἀκεῖνοι: meaning 'and those'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἰσχυνθήσονταιshall be put to shameVC FPI3P · αἰσχύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἰσχύνω: meaning 'shall be put to shame'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
6
φωνὴ κραυγῆς ἐκ πόλεως φωνὴ ἐκ ναοῦ φωνὴ κυρίου ἀνταποδιδόντος ἀνταπόδοσιν τοῖς ἀντικειμένοις
A sound of outcry from the city, a sound from the temple, the sound of the Lord rendering repayment to his adversaries.
The tumult from city and temple is interpreted as the Lord himself arriving to repay his opponents.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
φωνὴsoundN1 NSF · φωνήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφωνή: meaning 'sound'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κραυγῆςoutcryN1 GSF · κραυγήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκραυγή: meaning 'outcry'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
φωνὴsoundN1 NSF · φωνήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφωνή: meaning 'sound'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ναοῦtempleN2 GSM · ναόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationναός: meaning 'temple'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
φωνὴsoundN1 NSF · φωνήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφωνή: meaning 'sound'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀνταποδιδόντοςrepayingV8 · παπγσμ δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσμ δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀπο: meaning 'repaying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνταπόδοσινrepaymentN3I ASF · ἀνταπόδοσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνταπόδοσις: meaning 'repayment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀντικειμένοιςthose set against themV5 · πμπδπμ κεῖμαι + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπδπμ κεῖμαι + ἀντι: meaning 'those set against them'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
πρὶν ἢ τὴν ὠδίνουσαν τεκεῖν πρὶν ἐλθεῖν τὸν πόνον τῶν ὠδίνων ἐξέφυγεν καὶ ἔτεκεν ἄρσεν
Before the woman in labor travailed, before the pain of her labor came, she escaped it and gave birth to a male.
Zion's restoration is pictured as an astonishingly swift birth that outruns ordinary pain.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
πρὶνbeforeD · πρίνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπρὶν: meaning 'before'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὠδίνουσανtravailingV1 · παπασφ ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασφ ὠδίνω: meaning 'travailing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεκεῖνto give birthVB AAN · τίκτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementτίκτω: meaning 'to give birth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὶνbeforeD · πρίνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπρὶν: meaning 'before'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλθεῖνto comeVB AAN · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἔρχομαι: meaning 'to come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόνονaffliction / painN2 ASM · πόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπόνος: meaning 'affliction'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὠδίνωνbirth-pangsN3 GPF · ὠδίνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὠδίν: meaning 'birth-pangs'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐξέφυγενescapedVBI AAI3S · φεύγω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφεύγω + ἐκ: meaning 'escaped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτεκενboreVBI AAI3S · τίκτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίκτω: meaning 'bore'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄρσενmaleA3 ASN · ἄρσηνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄρσην: meaning 'male'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
8
τίς ἤκουσεν τοιοῦτο καὶ τίς ἑώρακεν οὕτως ἦ ὤδινεν γῆ ἐν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ἢ καὶ ἐτέχθη ἔθνος εἰς ἅπαξ ὅτι ὤδινεν καὶ ἔτεκεν Σιων τὰ παιδία αὐτῆς
Who has heard such a thing, and who has seen such things? Has earth travailed in one day, or has a nation been born all at once? For Zion travailed and gave birth to her children.
The prophet marvels at the sudden corporate birth of a people out of Zion's labor.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἤκουσενheardVAI AAI3S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω: meaning 'heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοιοῦτοsuch a thingRP ASN · τοιοῦτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοιοῦτο: meaning 'such a thing'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἑώρακενheorakenVX XAI3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁράω: meaning 'heoraken'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦor / is it thatC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἦ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὤδινενtravailedVA AAI3S · ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὠδίνω: meaning 'travailed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γῆland / earthN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μιᾷoneA1A DSF · εἷςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ measure or countμιᾷ: meaning 'one'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐτέχθηwas bornVQI API3S · τίκτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίκτω: meaning 'was born'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔθνοςnationN3E NSN · ἔθνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἅπαξonce moreD · ἅπαξadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἅπαξ: meaning 'once more'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὤδινενtravailedVA AAI3S · ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὠδίνω: meaning 'travailed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτεκενboreVBI AAI3S · τίκτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίκτω: meaning 'bore'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΣιωνZionN NSF · Σιωνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παιδίαchildrenN2N APN · παιδίονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπαιδίον: meaning 'children'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
ἐγὼ δὲ ἔδωκα τὴν προσδοκίαν ταύτην καὶ οὐκ ἐμνήσθης μου εἶπεν κύριος οὐκ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ γεννῶσαν καὶ στεῖραν ἐποίησα εἶπεν ὁ θεός
But I gave this expectation, and you did not remember me, says the Lord. Behold, did I not make the woman giving birth, and the barren one as well? says God.
The Lord claims authorship over the whole birth-process and reproves the failure to remember him as its source.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔδωκαgiveVAI AAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσδοκίανprosdokiaN1A ASF · προσδοκίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπροσδοκία: meaning 'prosdokia'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ταύτηνthisRD ASF · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceταύτην: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμνήσθηςyou rememberedVSI API2S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristμιμνήσκω: meaning 'you remembered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γεννῶσανone giving birthV3 · παπασφ γεννάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασφ γεννάω: meaning 'one giving birth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στεῖρανbarrenN1A ASF · στεῖραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστεῖρα: meaning 'barren'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐποίησαdo / makeVAI AAI1S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
10
εὐφράνθητι Ιερουσαλημ καὶ πανηγυρίσατε ἐν αὐτῇ πάντες οἱ ἀγαπῶντες αὐτήν χάρητε χαρᾷ πάντες ὅσοι πενθεῖτε ἐπ' αὐτῆς
Rejoice with Jerusalem and hold festival in her, all you who love her; rejoice with joy, all you who mourn over her.
Those who loved and grieved over Jerusalem are now summoned into public joy.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
εὐφράνθητιrejoiceVC APD2S · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεὐφραίνω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN NSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πανηγυρίσατεhold festivalVA AAD2P · πανηγυρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπανηγυρίζω: meaning 'hold festival'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγαπῶντεςones lovingV3 · παπνπμ ἀγαπάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἀγαπάω: meaning 'ones loving'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτήνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτήν: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
χάρητεrejoiceVD APD2P · χαίρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχαίρω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χαρᾷjoyN1A DSF · χαράdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceχαρά: meaning 'joy'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅσοιas many asA1 NPM · ὅσοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὅσος: meaning 'as many as'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πενθεῖτεpentheoV2 PAI2P · πενθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processπενθέω: meaning 'pentheo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
11
ἵνα θηλάσητε καὶ ἐμπλησθῆτε ἀπὸ μαστοῦ παρακλήσεως αὐτῆς ἵνα ἐκθηλάσαντες τρυφήσητε ἀπὸ εἰσόδου δόξης αὐτῆς
So that you may nurse and be filled from the breast of her consolation, so that after sucking you may delight yourselves from the entrance of her glory.
Jerusalem's restored abundance is imagined as maternal nourishment that satisfies and delights her children.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θηλάσητεyou may nurseVA AAS2P · θηλάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyθηλάζω: meaning 'you may nurse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμπλησθῆτεyou may be filledVS APS2P · πίμπλημι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπίμπλημι + ἐν: meaning 'you may be filled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μαστοῦofN2 GSM · μαστόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμαστός: meaning 'of'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
παρακλήσεωςconsolationN3I GSF · παρακλήσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπαρακλήσις: meaning 'consolation'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκθηλάσαντεςhaving suckedVA · ααπνπμ θηλάζω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνπμ θηλάζω + ἐκ: meaning 'having sucked'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τρυφήσητεyou may delight yourselvesVA AAS2P · τρυφάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyτρυφάω: meaning 'you may delight yourselves'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
εἰσόδουentranceN2 GSF · εἴσοδοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationεἴσοδος: meaning 'entrance'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
12
ὅτι τάδε λέγει κύριος ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐκκλίνω εἰς αὐτοὺς ὡς ποταμὸς εἰρήνης καὶ ὡς χειμάρρους ἐπικλύζων δόξαν ἐθνῶν τὰ παιδία αὐτῶν ἐπ' ὤμων ἀρθήσονται καὶ ἐπὶ γονάτων παρακληθήσονται
For thus says the Lord: Behold, I turn toward them like a river of peace and like a flooding torrent the glory of nations; their children shall be carried on shoulders and shall be comforted on knees.
Peace, wealth, and tender care flow toward Jerusalem in an image of overflowing nurture.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τάδεthusRD APN · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτάδε: meaning 'thus'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκκλίνωI turnV1 PAI1S · κλίνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκλίνω + ἐκ: meaning 'I turn'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποταμὸςriverN2 NSM · ποταμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἰρήνηςpeaceN1 GSF · εἰρήνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationεἰρήνη: meaning 'peace'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χειμάρρουςtorrentsA1C NSM · χειμάρρουςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχειμάρρους: meaning 'torrents'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπικλύζωνoverflowingV1 · παπνσμ κλύζω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ κλύζω + ἐπι: meaning 'overflowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὰtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παιδίαchildrenN2N NPN · παιδίονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπαιδίον: meaning 'children'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὤμωνshouldersN2 GPM · ὦμοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὦμος: meaning 'shoulders'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀρθήσονταιliftVC FPI3P · αἴρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἴρω: meaning 'lift'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γονάτωνkneeN3 GPN · γόνυgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγόνυ: meaning 'knee'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
παρακληθήσονταιshall be comfortedVC FPI3P · καλέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω + παρα: meaning 'shall be comforted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
13
ὡς εἴ τινα μήτηρ παρακαλέσει οὕτως καὶ ἐγὼ παρακαλέσω ὑμᾶς καὶ ἐν Ιερουσαλημ παρακληθήσεσθε
As if a mother might comfort someone, so I also will comfort you, and in Jerusalem you shall be comforted.
The Lord compares his consolation to maternal tenderness and locates it concretely in restored Jerusalem.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴifC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἴ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τιναanyoneRI ASM · τιςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτινα: meaning 'anyone'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μήτηρmotherN3 NSF · μήτηρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμήτηρ: meaning 'mother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παρακαλέσειwill comfortVF FAI3S · καλέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω + παρα: meaning 'will comfort'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
παρακαλέσωI will comfortVF FAI1S · καλέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω + παρα: meaning 'I will comfort'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
παρακληθήσεσθεyou shall be comfortedVC FPI2P · καλέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω + παρα: meaning 'you shall be comforted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
14
καὶ ὄψεσθε καὶ χαρήσεται ὑμῶν ἡ καρδία καὶ τὰ ὀστᾶ ὑμῶν ὡς βοτάνη ἀνατελεῖ καὶ γνωσθήσεται ἡ χεὶρ κυρίου τοῖς σεβομένοις αὐτόν καὶ ἀπειλήσει τοῖς ἀπειθοῦσιν
And you shall see, and your heart shall rejoice, and your bones shall spring up like grass; and the hand of the Lord shall be made known to those who fear him, and he shall threaten the disobedient.
The verse pairs renewal for the faithful with revealed menace toward the rebellious.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄψεσθεsawVF FMI2P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'saw'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χαρήσεταιwill rejoiceVD FPI3S · χαίρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureχαίρω: meaning 'will rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίαheartN1A NSF · καρδίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀστᾶbonesN2N NPN · ὀστέονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀστέον: meaning 'bones'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βοτάνηgrassN1 NSF · βοτάνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβοτάνη: meaning 'grass'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνατελεῖwill rise / come forthVF2 FAI3S · τέλλω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureτέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'will rise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνωσθήσεταιshall be made knownVS FPI3S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'shall be made known'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χεὶρhandN3 NSF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σεβομένοιςthose who fearV1 · πμπδπμ σέβομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπδπμ σέβομαι: meaning 'those who fear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπειλήσειwill threatenVF FAI3S · εἰλέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰλέω + ἀπο: meaning 'will threaten'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀπειθοῦσινthose who disobeyV2 PAI3P · ἀπειθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἀπειθέω: meaning 'those who disobey'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
15
ἰδοὺ γὰρ κύριος ὡς πῦρ ἥξει καὶ ὡς καταιγὶς τὰ ἅρματα αὐτοῦ ἀποδοῦναι ἐν θυμῷ ἐκδίκησιν καὶ ἀποσκορακισμὸν ἐν φλογὶ πυρός
For behold, the Lord will come like fire, and his chariots like a storm, to render vengeance in wrath and rebuke in a flame of fire.
The coming of the Lord is rendered in martial-fire imagery that emphasizes irresistible wrath.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἥξειwill comeVF FAI3S · ἥκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἥκω: meaning 'will come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταιγὶςstormN3I NSF · καταιγίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαταιγίς: meaning 'storm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅρματαchariotN3M APN · ἅρμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅρμα: meaning 'chariot'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀποδοῦναιδίδωμιVO AAN · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'δίδωμι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θυμῷwrathN2 DSM · θυμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθυμός: meaning 'wrath'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐκδίκησινvengeanceN3I ASF · ἐκδίκησιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐκδίκησις: meaning 'vengeance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποσκορακισμὸνrebukeN2 ASM · ἀποσκορακισμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀποσκορακισμός: meaning 'rebuke'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
φλογὶflameN3G DSF · φλόξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφλόξ: meaning 'flame'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πυρόςof fireN2 GSN · πῦρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπῦρ: meaning 'of fire'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
16
ἐν γὰρ τῷ πυρὶ κυρίου κριθήσεται πᾶσα ἡ γῆ καὶ ἐν τῇ ῥομφαίᾳ αὐτοῦ πᾶσα σάρξ πολλοὶ τραυματίαι ἔσονται ὑπὸ κυρίου
For by the fire of the Lord all the earth shall be judged, and by his sword all flesh; many shall be wounded by the Lord.
The scope of judgment broadens from local threat to universal reckoning over earth and flesh.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυρὶfireN3 DSN · πῦρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κριθήσεταιshall be judgedVC FPI3S · κρίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκρίνω: meaning 'shall be judged'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆland / earthN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥομφαίᾳswordN1A DSF · ῥομφαίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceῥομφαία: meaning 'sword'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σάρξfleshN3K NSF · σάρξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσάρξ: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πολλοὶmanyA1 NPM · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τραυματίαιwounded menN1T NPM · τραυματίαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτραυματίας: meaning 'wounded men'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔσονταιbeVF FMI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
17
οἱ ἁγνιζόμενοι καὶ καθαριζόμενοι εἰς τοὺς κήπους καὶ ἐν τοῖς προθύροις ἔσθοντες κρέας ὕειον καὶ τὰ βδελύγματα καὶ τὸν νῦν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ἀναλωθήσονται εἶπεν κύριος
Those who sanctify themselves and purify themselves for the gardens and in the porches, eating swine's flesh and abominations and the mouse, shall be consumed together, says the Lord.
Self-made holiness tied to defiling rites is exposed as the very thing that brings destruction.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγνιζόμενοιsanctifying themselvesV1 · πμπνπμ ἁγνίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ ἁγνίζω: meaning 'sanctifying themselves'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καθαριζόμενοιcleanse / purifyV1 · πμπνπμ καθαρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ καθαρίζω: meaning 'cleanse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κήπουςgardensN2 APM · κῆποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκῆπος: meaning 'gardens'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προθύροιςporchesN2N DPN · πρόθυρονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπρόθυρον: meaning 'porches'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔσθοντεςesthontesV1 · παπνπμ ἐσθίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἐσθίω: meaning 'esthontes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κρέαςfleshN3 ASN · κρέαςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρέας: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὕειονswine'sA1B ASN · ὕειοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕειος: meaning 'swine's'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βδελύγματαabominationsN3M APN · βδέλυγμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβδέλυγμα: meaning 'abominations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτὸitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀναλωθήσονταιshall be consumedVC FPI3P · ἁλίσκω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἁλίσκω + ἀνα: meaning 'shall be consumed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
18
κἀγὼ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν καὶ τὸν λογισμὸν αὐτῶν ἐπίσταμαι ἔρχομαι συναγαγεῖν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη καὶ τὰς γλώσσας καὶ ἥξουσιν καὶ ὄψονται τὴν δόξαν μου
And I know their works and their reasoning. I am coming to gather all the nations and tongues, and they shall come and see my glory.
The Lord's omniscient judgment becomes the ground for a worldwide gathering before his glory.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
κἀγὼand IC+RPNS · καί̈ἐγώconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκἀγὼ: meaning 'and I'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λογισμὸνplansN2 ASM · λογισμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλογισμός: meaning 'plans'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπίσταμαιI knowV6 PMI1S · ἐπίσταμαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἐπίσταμαι: meaning 'I know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔρχομαιcomeV1 PMI1S · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔρχομαι: meaning 'come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
συναγαγεῖνgather togetherVB AAN · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather together'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γλώσσαςtongueN1S APF · γλῶσσαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγλῶσσα: meaning 'tongue'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἥξουσινshall comeVF FAI3P · ἥκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἥκω: meaning 'shall come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄψονταιthey shall seeVF FMI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'they shall see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
19
καὶ καταλείψω ἐπ' αὐτῶν σημεῖα καὶ ἐξαποστελῶ ἐξ αὐτῶν σεσῳσμένους εἰς τὰ ἔθνη εἰς Θαρσις καὶ Φουδ καὶ Λουδ καὶ Μοσοχ καὶ Θοβελ καὶ εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ εἰς τὰς νήσους τὰς πόρρω οἳ οὐκ ἀκηκόασίν μου τὸ ὄνομα οὐδὲ ἑωράκασιν τὴν δόξαν μου καὶ ἀναγγελοῦσίν μου τὴν δόξαν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν
And I will leave signs upon them and send out from among them those who have been saved to the nations, to Tarshish and Phud and Lud and Mosoch and Thobel and to Greece and to the far-off islands that have not heard my name nor seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the nations.
Survivors become heralds, carrying the knowledge of the Lord's glory to the ends of the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 52 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταλείψωremainVF FAI1S · λείπω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλείπω + κατα: meaning 'remain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σημεῖαsignsN2N APN · σημεῖαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσημεῖα: meaning 'signs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξαποστελῶsend outVF2 FAI1S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: meaning 'send out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σεσῳσμένουςthose who have been savedVX · χππαπμ σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχππαπμ σώζω: meaning 'those who have been saved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΘαρσιςTarshishN AS · Θαρσιςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΘαρσις: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΦουδPhudN AS · Φουδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΦουδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΛουδLudN AS · Λουδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΛουδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΜοσοχMosochN AS · Μοσοχnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΜοσοχ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΘοβελThobelN AS · Θοβελnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΘοβελ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἙλλάδαGreeceN ASF · Ἑλλάςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἙλλάδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νήσουςislandsN2 APF · νήσοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνήσος: meaning 'islands'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόρρωporroD · πόρρωadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπόρρω: meaning 'porro'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκηκόασίνhave heardVX XAI3P · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀκούω: meaning 'have heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐδὲ: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἑωράκασινhave seenVX XAI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁράω: meaning 'have seen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναγγελοῦσίνthey shall declareVF2 FAI3P · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀγγέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'they shall declare'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνεσινnationN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
20
καὶ ἄξουσιν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ὑμῶν ἐκ πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν δῶρον κυρίῳ μεθ' ἵππων καὶ ἁρμάτων ἐν λαμπήναις ἡμιόνων μετὰ σκιαδίων εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν πόλιν Ιερουσαλημ εἶπεν κύριος ὡς ἂν ἐνέγκαισαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐμοὶ τὰς θυσίας αὐτῶν μετὰ ψαλμῶν εἰς τὸν οἶκον κυρίου
And they shall bring your brothers from all the nations as a gift to the Lord, with horses and chariots, in litters, on mules, and with parasols, to the holy city Jerusalem, says the Lord, just as the sons of Israel bring their sacrifices to me with psalms into the house of the Lord.
The nations themselves become bearers of Israel's scattered kin, turning pilgrimage into offering.
Word-by-word analysis· 43 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄξουσινleadVF FAI3P · ἄγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἄγω: meaning 'lead'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφοὺςbrothersN2 APM · ἀδελφόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀδελφός: meaning 'brothers'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πάντωνall / everyA3 GPN · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δῶρονoffering / giftN2N ASN · δῶρονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδῶρον: meaning 'offering'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μεθ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμεθ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἵππωνhorseN2 GPM · ἵπποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἵππος: meaning 'horse'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁρμάτωνchariotN3M GPN · ἅρμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἅρμα: meaning 'chariot'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λαμπήναιςlittersN1 DPF · λαμπήνηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλαμπήνη: meaning 'litters'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡμιόνωνof mulesN2 GPM · ἡμίονοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἡμίονος: meaning 'of mules'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σκιαδίωνparasolsN2N GPN · σκιάδιονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκιάδιον: meaning 'parasols'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίανholyA1A ASF · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνέγκαισανmight bringVA AAO3P · φέρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateφέρω: meaning 'might bring'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐμοὶ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυσίαςsacrificeN1A APF · θυσίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυσία: meaning 'sacrifice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ψαλμῶνpsalmsN2 GPM · ψαλμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationψαλμός: meaning 'psalms'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
21
καὶ ἀπ' αὐτῶν λήμψομαι ἐμοὶ ἱερεῖς καὶ Λευίτας εἶπεν κύριος
And from among them I will take priests and Levites for myself, says the Lord.
The ingathering reaches so far that the Lord claims priestly servants from the gathered peoples.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λήμψομαιtakeVF FMI1S · λαμβάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλαμβάνω: meaning 'take'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐμοὶ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priests'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΛευίταςLevitesN1M APM · Λευίτηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΛευίτας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
22
ὃν τρόπον γὰρ ὁ οὐρανὸς καινὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ καινή ἃ ἐγὼ ποιῶ μένει ἐνώπιόν μου λέγει κύριος οὕτως στήσεται τὸ σπέρμα ὑμῶν καὶ τὸ ὄνομα ὑμῶν
For just as the new heaven and the new earth that I make remain before me, says the Lord, so shall your seed and your name stand.
The permanence of God's new creation guarantees the endurance of the covenant people before him.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τρόπονmannerN2 ASM · τρόποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτρόπος: meaning 'manner'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανὸςheavenN2 NSM · οὐρανόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καινὸςnewA1 NSM · καινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαινός: meaning 'new'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆland / earthN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καινήnewA1 NSF · καινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαινός: meaning 'new'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἃwhichRR NPN · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἃ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποιῶdoV2 PAI1S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μένειremainV1 PAI3S · μένωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processμένω: meaning 'remain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνώπιόνenopionP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιόν: meaning 'enopion'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στήσεταιshall standVF FMI3S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵστημι: meaning 'shall stand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σπέρμαseed / offspringN3M NSN · σπέρμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσπέρμα: meaning 'seed'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
23
καὶ ἔσται μῆνα ἐκ μηνὸς καὶ σάββατον ἐκ σαββάτου ἥξει πᾶσα σὰρξ ἐνώπιόν μου προσκυνῆσαι ἐν Ιερουσαλημ εἶπεν κύριος
And it shall be from month to month and from sabbath to sabbath: all flesh shall come to worship before me in Jerusalem, says the Lord.
The close pictures rhythmic, universal worship as the settled pattern of the renewed world.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μῆναmonthN3 NSM · μήνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σάββατονsabbathN2N NSN · σάββατονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσάββατον: meaning 'sabbath'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σαββάτουSabbathN2N GSN · σάββατονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσάββατον: meaning 'Sabbath'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἥξειwill comeVF FAI3S · ἥκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἥκω: meaning 'will come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σὰρξfleshN3K NSF · σάρξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσάρξ: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνώπιόνenopionP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιόν: meaning 'enopion'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
προσκυνῆσαιworshipVA AAN · κυνέω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementκυνέω + προς: meaning 'worship'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
24
καὶ ἐξελεύσονται καὶ ὄψονται τὰ κῶλα τῶν ἀνθρώπων τῶν παραβεβηκότων ἐν ἐμοί ὁ γὰρ σκώληξ αὐτῶν οὐ τελευτήσει καὶ τὸ πῦρ αὐτῶν οὐ σβεσθήσεται καὶ ἔσονται εἰς ὅρασιν πάσῃ σαρκί
And they shall go out and see the corpses of the men who transgressed against me; for their worm shall not die, and their fire shall not be quenched, and they shall be a spectacle to all flesh.
The book ends by setting universal worship beside an everlasting warning in the fate of the rebels.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξελεύσονταιthey shall go outVF FMI3P · ἔρχομαι + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'they shall go out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄψονταιthey shall seeVF FMI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'they shall see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κῶλαcorpsesN2N APN · κῶλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκῶλον: meaning 'corpses'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνθρώπωνman / human beingN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παραβεβηκότωνwho transgressedVX · χαπγπμ βαίνω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχαπγπμ βαίνω + παρα: meaning 'who transgressed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐμοίIRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐμοί: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκώληξwormN3K NSM · σκώληξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκώληξ: meaning 'worm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τελευτήσειshall dieVF FAI3S · τελευτάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureτελευτάω: meaning 'shall die'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σβεσθήσεταιshall be quenchedVC FPI3S · σβέννυμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσβέννυμι: meaning 'shall be quenched'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσονταιbeVF FMI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὅρασινvisionN3I ASF · ὅρασιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅρασις: meaning 'vision'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πάσῃallA1S DSF · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σαρκίfleshN3K DSF · σάρξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσάρξ: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.