1
ὑπολαβὼν δὲ Ιωβ λέγει
Then Job took up the matter and says:
The chapter begins with the standard reply formula, marking Job's formal answer to Eliphaz.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
ὑπολαβὼνtaking upVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑποparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑπολαβὼν: verbal form of ααπνσμ λαμβάνω + ὑπο, rendered here as 'taking up'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ΙωβJobN NSM · Ιωβhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefΙωβ: Job, the righteous sufferer whose speeches in the Greek text sharpen lament into argument and protest.
λέγειsaysV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefλέγει: verbal form of λέγω, rendered here as 'says'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
2
εἰ γάρ τις ἱστῶν στήσαι μου τὴν ὀργήν τὰς δὲ ὀδύνας μου ἄραι ἐν ζυγῷ ὁμοθυμαδόν
If only someone would truly weigh my anger and lift my pains together in a balance,
Job asks for an honest measurement of his inner state so that his vehemence might be judged proportionately.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
εἰifC · εἰsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰ: connective rendered here as 'if'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγάρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
τιςsomeoneRI NSM · τιςpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτις: form of τις, rendered here as 'someone'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἱστῶνweighingV6 · παπνσμ ἵστημιparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἱστῶν: verbal form of παπνσμ ἵστημι, rendered here as 'weighing'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
στήσαιmight setVA AAO3S · ἵστημιinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefστήσαι: verbal form of ἵστημι, rendered here as 'might set'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὴν: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ὀργήνangerN1 ASF · ὀργήaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὀργή: 'anger' or 'indignation'; here it names the emotional force of Job's complaint that he wishes could be weighed fairly.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὰς: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὀδύναςpainsN1 APF · ὀδύνηaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὀδύνη: 'pain, anguish'; the plural gathers Job's sufferings into the burden he wants placed in the scales.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἄραιto liftVA AAN · αἴρωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄραι: verbal form of αἴρω, rendered here as 'to lift'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐν: preposition rendered here as 'in'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ζυγῷa balanceN2 DSM · ζυγόςdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefζυγός: 'yoke' or 'balance'; here it denotes the weighing instrument for measuring grief and speech together.
ὁμοθυμαδόνtogetherD · ὁμοθυμαδόνhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁμοθυμαδόν: form of ὁμοθυμαδόν, rendered here as 'together'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
3
καὶ δὴ ἄμμου παραλίας βαρυτέρα ἔσται ἀλλ' ὡς ἔοικεν τὰ ῥήματά μού ἐστιν φαῦλα
then indeed it would be heavier than the sand of the seashore; yet, as it seems, my words are worthless.
The imagined weighing explains why his speech sounds excessive: the burden beneath it is beyond measure.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
δὴindeedX · δήconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὴ: connective or particle rendered here as 'indeed'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἄμμουof sandN2 GSF · ἄμμοςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄμμου: form of ἄμμος, rendered here as 'of sand'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
παραλίαςof the seashoreA1A GSF · παράλιοςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπαραλίας: form of παράλιος, rendered here as 'of the seashore'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
βαρυτέραheavierA1A APNC · βαρύςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefβαρυτέρα: form of βαρύς, rendered here as 'heavier'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἔσταιit will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔσται: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'it will be'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀλλ': connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὡςasC · ὡςsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὡς: connective rendered here as 'as'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
ἔοικενit seemsVX XAI3S · ἔοικαverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔοικεν: verbal form of ἔοικα, rendered here as 'it seems'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὰ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ῥήματάwordsN3M NPN · ῥῆμαnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥήματά: form of ῥῆμα, rendered here as 'words'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μούof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμού: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐστιν: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'is'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
φαῦλαworthlessA1 NPN · φαῦλοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφαῦλα: form of φαῦλος, rendered here as 'worthless'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
4
βέλη γὰρ κυρίου ἐν τῷ σώματί μού ἐστιν ὧν ὁ θυμὸς αὐτῶν ἐκπίνει μου τὸ αἷμα ὅταν ἄρξωμαι λαλεῖν κεντοῦσί με
For the arrows of the Lord are in my body; their fury drinks up my blood, and whenever I begin to speak they pierce me.
Job frames his suffering as direct divine assault, both bodily and verbal, since even speaking reactivates the wound.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
βέληarrowsN3E NPN · βέλοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefβέλος: 'arrow'; Job uses the martial image to present his suffering as direct divine assault.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκυρίου: form of κύριος, rendered here as 'of the Lord'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐν: preposition rendered here as 'in'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτῷ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
σώματίbodyN3M DSN · σῶμαdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefσώματί: form of σῶμα, rendered here as 'body'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μούof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμού: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐστιν: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'is'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ὧνwhoseRR GPN · ὅςpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὧν: form of ὅς, rendered here as 'whose'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
θυμὸςfuryN2 NSM · θυμόςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefθυμὸς: form of θυμός, rendered here as 'fury'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
αὐτῶνof themRD GPN · αὐτόςpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαὐτῶν: form of αὐτός, rendered here as 'of them'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐκπίνειdrinks upV1 PAI3S · πίνω + ἐκverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐκπίνει: verbal form of πίνω + ἐκ, rendered here as 'drinks up'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὸ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
αἷμαbloodN3M ASN · αἷμαaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαἷμα: form of αἷμα, rendered here as 'blood'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὅτανwheneverD · ὅτανsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὅταν: connective rendered here as 'whenever'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
ἄρξωμαιI beginVA AMS1S · ἄρχωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄρξωμαι: verbal form of ἄρχω, rendered here as 'I begin'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
λαλεῖνto speakV2 PAN · λαλέωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefλαλεῖν: verbal form of λαλέω, rendered here as 'to speak'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
κεντοῦσίthey pierceV2 PAI3P · κεντέωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκεντέω: 'to prick, pierce, goad'; even speech reopens the wound as though the arrows sting afresh.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
5
τί γάρ μὴ διὰ κενῆς κεκράξεται ὄνος ἄγριος ἀλλ' ἢ τὰ σῖτα ζητῶν εἰ δὲ καὶ ῥήξει φωνὴν βοῦς ἐπὶ φάτνης ἔχων τὰ βρώματα
Does the wild donkey cry out when it has no fodder, or will the ox low over its manger when it has food?
Animal behavior supplies a common-sense defense: cries arise from deprivation, not from emptiness.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
τίwhyRI NSN · τίςpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτί: form of τίς, rendered here as 'why'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγάρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
μὴnotD · μήnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμὴ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
διὰbecause ofP · διάprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδιὰ: preposition rendered here as 'because of'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
κενῆςemptinessA1 GSF · κενόςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκενῆς: form of κενός, rendered here as 'emptiness'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
κεκράξεταιwill cry outVFX FMI3S · κράζωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκεκράξεται: verbal form of κράζω, rendered here as 'will cry out'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ὄνοςdonkeyN2 NSM · ὄνοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὄνος: form of ὄνος, rendered here as 'donkey'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἄγριοςwildA1A NSM · ἄγριοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄγριος: form of ἄγριος, rendered here as 'wild'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀλλ': connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὰ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
σῖταfodderN2 APN · σῖτοςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefσῖτα: form of σῖτος, rendered here as 'fodder'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ζητῶνseekingV2 · παπνσμ ζητέωparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefζητῶν: verbal form of παπνσμ ζητέω, rendered here as 'seeking'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
εἰifC · εἰsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰ: connective rendered here as 'if'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ῥήξειwill utterVF FAI3S · ῥήγνυμιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥήξει: verbal form of ῥήγνυμι, rendered here as 'will utter'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
φωνὴνa voiceN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφωνὴν: form of φωνή, rendered here as 'a voice'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
βοῦςoxN3 NSF · βοῦςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefβοῦς: form of βοῦς, rendered here as 'ox'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπὶ: preposition rendered here as 'upon'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
φάτνηςmangerN1 GSF · φάτνηgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφάτνης: form of φάτνη, rendered here as 'manger'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἔχωνhavingV1 · παπνσμ ἔχωparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔχων: verbal form of παπνσμ ἔχω, rendered here as 'having'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὰ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
βρώματαfoodN3M APN · βρῶμαaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefβρώματα: form of βρῶμα, rendered here as 'food'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
6
εἰ βρωθήσεται ἄρτος ἄνευ ἁλός εἰ δὲ καὶ ἔστιν γεῦμα ἐν ῥήμασιν κενοῖς
Will bread be eaten without salt, or is there any taste in empty words?
Job likens hollow speech to unsalted food: what lacks substance cannot nourish.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
εἰifC · εἰsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰ: connective rendered here as 'if'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
βρωθήσεταιwill be eatenVC FPI3S · βιβρώσκωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefβρωθήσεται: verbal form of βιβρώσκω, rendered here as 'will be eaten'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἄρτοςbreadN2 NSM · ἄρτοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄρτος: form of ἄρτος, rendered here as 'bread'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἄνευwithoutP · ἄνευprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄνευ: preposition rendered here as 'without'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ἁλόςsaltN3 GSM · ἅλςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἁλός: form of ἅλς, rendered here as 'salt'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
εἰifC · εἰsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰ: connective rendered here as 'if'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἔστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔστιν: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'is'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
γεῦμαtasteN3M NSN · γεῦμαnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγεῦμα: form of γεῦμα, rendered here as 'taste'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐν: preposition rendered here as 'in'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ῥήμασινin wordsN3M DPN · ῥῆμαdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥήμασιν: form of ῥῆμα, rendered here as 'in words'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
κενοῖςemptyA1 DPN · κενόςdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκενοῖς: form of κενός, rendered here as 'empty'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
7
οὐ δύναται γὰρ παύσασθαί μου ἡ ψυχή βρόμον γὰρ ὁρῶ τὰ σῖτά μου ὥσπερ ὀσμὴν λέοντος
For my soul cannot cease, since I see my food as a stench, like the smell of a lion.
His condition has made even sustenance offensive, intensifying the sense that life itself has become repellent.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
οὐnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
δύναταιis ableV6 PMI3S · δύναμαιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδύναται: verbal form of δύναμαι, rendered here as 'is able'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
παύσασθαίto ceaseVA AMN · παύωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπαύσασθαί: verbal form of παύω, rendered here as 'to cease'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἡ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ψυχήsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefψυχή: form of ψυχή, rendered here as 'soul'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
βρόμονstenchN2 ASM · βρόμοςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefβρόμος: 'stench' or 'foul smell'; Job's nourishment has become repulsive to him.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὁρῶI seeV3 PAI1S · ὁράωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁρῶ: verbal form of ὁράω, rendered here as 'I see'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὰ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
σῖτάfoodN2 APN · σῖτοςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefσῖτά: form of σῖτος, rendered here as 'food'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὥσπερlikeD · ὥσπερhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὥσπερ: form of ὥσπερ, rendered here as 'like'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὀσμὴνsmellN1 ASF · ὀσμήaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὀσμὴν: form of ὀσμή, rendered here as 'smell'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
λέοντοςof a lionN3 GSM · λέωνgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefλέοντος: form of λέων, rendered here as 'of a lion'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
8
εἰ γὰρ δῴη καὶ ἔλθοι μου ἡ αἴτησις καὶ τὴν ἐλπίδα μου δῴη ὁ κύριος
If only my request might come, and the Lord might grant my hope,
The lament narrows into a single longing presented as prayerful desire.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
εἰifC · εἰsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰ: connective rendered here as 'if'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
δῴηmight grantVO AAO3S · δίδωμιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδῴη: verbal form of δίδωμι, rendered here as 'might grant'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἔλθοιmight comeVB AAO3S · ἔρχομαιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔλθοι: verbal form of ἔρχομαι, rendered here as 'might come'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἡ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
αἴτησιςrequestN3I NSF · αἴτησιςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαἴτησις: 'request, petition'; Job narrows his desire to a single petition addressed to the Lord.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὴν: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ἐλπίδαhopeN3D ASF · ἐλπίςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐλπίς: 'hope'; strikingly, the hope requested here is release by death rather than recovery.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
δῴηmight grantVO AAO3S · δίδωμιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδῴη: verbal form of δίδωμι, rendered here as 'might grant'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκύριος: form of κύριος, rendered here as 'Lord'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
9
ἀρξάμενος ὁ κύριος τρωσάτω με εἰς τέλος δὲ μή με ἀνελέτω
let the Lord, having begun, wound me through to the end, and at last remove me.
What Job seeks is not prosperity but completion: if God has struck, let the stroke finish its work.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἀρξάμενοςhaving begunVA · αμπνσμ ἄρχωparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀρξάμενος: verbal form of αμπνσμ ἄρχω, rendered here as 'having begun'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκύριος: form of κύριος, rendered here as 'Lord'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
τρωσάτωlet him woundVA AAD3S · τιτρώσκωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτρωσάτω: verbal form of τιτρώσκω, rendered here as 'let him wound'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
εἰςtoP · εἰςprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰς: preposition rendered here as 'to'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
τέλοςthe endN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτέλος: form of τέλος, rendered here as 'the end'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
μήnotD · μήnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμή: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἀνελέτωlet him removeVB AAD3S · αἱρέω + ἀναverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀνελέτω: verbal form of αἱρέω + ἀνα, rendered here as 'let him remove'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
10
εἴη δέ μου πόλις τάφος ἐφ' ἧς ἐπὶ τειχέων ἡλλόμην ἐπ' αὐτῆς οὐ μὴ φείσωμαι οὐ γὰρ ἐψευσάμην ῥήματα ἅγια θεοῦ μου
Then let my city be my grave, upon whose walls I used to leap; I will not spare myself, for I have not denied the holy words of my God.
Even if burial replaces civic life, Job claims the consolation of not having falsified God's holy words.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
εἴηlet there beV9 PAO3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἴη: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'let there be'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
δέbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδέ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπόλις: form of πόλις, rendered here as 'city'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
τάφοςgraveN2 NSM · τάφοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτάφος: 'grave, tomb'; the image fuses city and burial place, showing how close death feels to Job.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐφ': form of ἐπί, rendered here as 'upon'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἧςwhichRR GSF · ὅςpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἧς: form of ὅς, rendered here as 'which'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπὶ: preposition rendered here as 'upon'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
τειχέωνwallsN3E GPN · τεῖχοςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτειχέων: form of τεῖχος, rendered here as 'walls'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἡλλόμηνI used to leapV1I IMI1S · ἅλλομαιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἡλλόμην: verbal form of ἅλλομαι, rendered here as 'I used to leap'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπ': preposition rendered here as 'upon'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
αὐτῆςitRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαὐτῆς: form of αὐτός, rendered here as 'it'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
οὐnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
μὴnotD · μήnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμὴ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
φείσωμαιI spareVA AMS1S · φείδομαιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφείσωμαι: verbal form of φείδομαι, rendered here as 'I spare'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
οὐnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἐψευσάμηνI denied falselyVSI AMI1S · ψεύδωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐψευσάμην: verbal form of ψεύδω, rendered here as 'I denied falsely'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ῥήματαwordsN3M APN · ῥῆμαaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥήματα: form of ῥῆμα, rendered here as 'words'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἅγιαholyA1A APN · ἅγιοςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἅγιος: 'holy'; Job claims he has not falsified the holy words of his God.
θεοῦof GodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefθεοῦ: form of θεός, rendered here as 'of God'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
11
τίς γάρ μου ἡ ἰσχύς ὅτι ὑπομένω ἢ τίς μου ὁ χρόνος ὅτι ἀνέχεταί μου ἡ ψυχή
For what is my strength, that I should keep enduring, or what is my time, that my soul should keep bearing up?
Job now turns from wish to self-assessment, asking what reserves remain for continued endurance.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
τίςwhatRI NSM · τίςpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτίς: form of τίς, rendered here as 'what'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγάρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἡ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ἰσχύςstrengthN3U NSF · ἰσχύςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἰσχύς: form of ἰσχύς, rendered here as 'strength'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὅτι: connective rendered here as 'that'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
ὑπομένωI endureV1 PAI1S · μένω + ὑποverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑπομένω: verbal form of μένω + ὑπο, rendered here as 'I endure'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
τίςwhatRI NSM · τίςpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτίς: form of τίς, rendered here as 'what'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
χρόνοςtimeN2 NSM · χρόνοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefχρόνος: form of χρόνος, rendered here as 'time'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὅτι: connective rendered here as 'that'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
ἀνέχεταίenduresV1 PMI3S · ἔχω + ἀναverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀνέχεταί: verbal form of ἔχω + ἀνα, rendered here as 'endures'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἡ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ψυχήsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefψυχή: form of ψυχή, rendered here as 'soul'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
12
μὴ ἰσχὺς λίθων ἡ ἰσχύς μου ἢ αἱ σάρκες μού εἰσιν χάλκειαι
Is my strength the strength of stones, or is my flesh bronze?
He rejects any expectation of superhuman endurance by denying that he is made of stone or metal.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴnotD · μήnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμὴ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
ἰσχὺςstrengthN3U NSF · ἰσχύςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἰσχὺς: form of ἰσχύς, rendered here as 'strength'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
λίθωνof stonesN2 GPM · λίθοςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefλίθων: form of λίθος, rendered here as 'of stones'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἡ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ἰσχύςstrengthN3U NSF · ἰσχύςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἰσχύς: form of ἰσχύς, rendered here as 'strength'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαἱ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
σάρκεςfleshN3K NPF · σάρξnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefσάρκες: form of σάρξ, rendered here as 'flesh'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μούof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμού: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
εἰσινareV9 PAI3P · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰσιν: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'are'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
χάλκειαιbronzeA1A NPF · χάλκειοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefχάλκειαι: form of χάλκειος, rendered here as 'bronze'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
13
ἦ οὐκ ἐπ' αὐτῷ ἐπεποίθειν βοήθεια δὲ ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ἄπεστιν
Was I not relying on him? Yet help has gone far away from me.
The verse compresses trust and abandonment into one bitter reversal: reliance has not produced aid.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἦsurelyD · ἦsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἦ: connective rendered here as 'surely'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐκ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπ': preposition rendered here as 'upon'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
αὐτῷin himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαὐτῷ: form of αὐτός, rendered here as 'in him'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐπεποίθεινI had trustedVXI YAI1S · πείθωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπεποίθειν: verbal form of πείθω, rendered here as 'I had trusted'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
βοήθειαhelpN1A NSF · βοήθειαnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefβοήθεια: 'help, assistance'; help has receded from Job despite his reliance.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀπ': preposition rendered here as 'from'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ἐμοῦmeRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐμοῦ: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἄπεστινis far awayV9 PAI3S · εἰμί + ἀποcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄπεστιν: verbal form of εἰμί + ἀπο, rendered here as 'is far away'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
14
ἀπείπατό με ἔλεος ἐπισκοπὴ δὲ κυρίου ὑπερεῖδέν με
Mercy has renounced me, and the visitation of the Lord has overlooked me.
Job experiences both human mercy and divine regard as withdrawn.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἀπείπατόhas renouncedVAI AMI3S · εἶπον + ἀποverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀπείπατό: verbal form of εἶπον + ἀπο, rendered here as 'has renounced'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔλεος: 'mercy'; Job experiences the withdrawal of mercy as part of his abandonment.
ἐπισκοπὴvisitationN1 NSF · ἐπισκοπήnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπισκοπή: 'visitation, oversight'; here ironically the Lord's visitation is experienced as neglect rather than care.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκυρίου: form of κύριος, rendered here as 'of the Lord'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὑπερεῖδένhas overlookedVBI AAI3S · ὁράω + ὑπερverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑπερεῖδέν: verbal form of ὁράω + ὑπερ, rendered here as 'has overlooked'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
15
οὐ προσεῖδόν με οἱ ἐγγύτατοί μου ὥσπερ χειμάρρους ἐκλείπων ἢ ὥσπερ κῦμα παρῆλθόν με
My nearest ones did not regard me; like a winter torrent failing, like a wave they passed me by.
His companions are compared to waters that promise relief and then disappear when needed.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
οὐnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
προσεῖδόνlooked uponVBI AAI3P · ὁράω + προςverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπροσεῖδόν: verbal form of ὁράω + προς, rendered here as 'looked upon'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοἱ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'those'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ἐγγύτατοίnearest onesA1 NPMS · ἐγγύςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐγγύτατοί: form of ἐγγύς, rendered here as 'nearest ones'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὥσπερlikeD · ὥσπερhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὥσπερ: form of ὥσπερ, rendered here as 'like'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
χειμάρρουςwinter torrentsN2 ASM · χειμάρρουςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefχείμαρρος: 'winter torrent'; the seasonal stream becomes the governing image for friends who fail when most needed.
ἐκλείπωνfailingV1 · παπνσμ λείπω + ἐκparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐκλείπων: verbal form of παπνσμ λείπω + ἐκ, rendered here as 'failing'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὥσπερlikeD · ὥσπερhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὥσπερ: form of ὥσπερ, rendered here as 'like'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
κῦμαwaveN3M NSN · κῦμαnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκῦμα: form of κῦμα, rendered here as 'wave'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
παρῆλθόνpassed byVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + παραverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπαρῆλθόν: verbal form of ἔρχομαι + παρα, rendered here as 'passed by'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
16
οἵτινές με διευλαβοῦντο νῦν ἐπιπεπτώκασίν μοι ὥσπερ χιὼν ἢ κρύσταλλος πεπηγώς
Those who used to treat me cautiously have now fallen upon me, like snow or frozen ice.
Formerly careful associates have become hard and collapsing, cold rather than sustaining.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οἵτινέςthose whoRX NPM · ὅστιςpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοἵτινές: form of ὅστις, rendered here as 'those who'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
διευλαβοῦντοtreated carefullyV1 IMI3P · εὐλαβέομαι + διαverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδιευλαβοῦντο: verbal form of εὐλαβέομαι + δια, rendered here as 'treated carefully'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
νῦνnowD · νῦνhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefνῦν: form of νῦν, rendered here as 'now'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐπιπεπτώκασίνhave fallen uponVX XAI3P · πίπτω + ἐπιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπιπεπτώκασίν: verbal form of πίπτω + ἐπι, rendered here as 'have fallen upon'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μοιmeRP DS · ἐγώpronominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμοι: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὥσπερlikeD · ὥσπερhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὥσπερ: form of ὥσπερ, rendered here as 'like'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
χιὼνsnowN3N NSF · χιώνnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefχιὼν: form of χιών, rendered here as 'snow'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
κρύσταλλοςiceN2 NSM · κρυστάλλοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκρύσταλλος: 'ice' or 'frozen crystal'; the comparison contributes to the cold, temporary imagery of unreliable support.
πεπηγώςfrozenVX · χαπνσμ πήγνυμιparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπεπηγώς: verbal form of χαπνσμ πήγνυμι, rendered here as 'frozen'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
17
καθὼς τακεῖσα θέρμης γενομένης οὐκ ἐπεγνώσθη ὅπερ ἦν
As when it melts and, once heat has come, what it was is no longer recognized,
The torrent image continues: under heat the expected source vanishes into nothing recognizable.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
καθὼςjust asD · καθώςsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαθὼς: connective rendered here as 'just as'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
τακεῖσαhaving meltedVD · αππνσμ τήκωparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτακεῖσα: verbal form of αππνσμ τήκω, rendered here as 'having melted'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
θέρμηςheatA1 GSF · θερμόςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefθέρμης: form of θερμός, rendered here as 'heat'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
γενομένηςhaving comeVB · αμπγσφ γίγνομαιparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγενομένης: verbal form of αμπγσφ γίγνομαι, rendered here as 'having come'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
οὐκnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐκ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
ἐπεγνώσθηwas recognizedVZI API3S · γιγνώσκω + ἐπιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπεγνώσθη: verbal form of γιγνώσκω + ἐπι, rendered here as 'was recognized'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ὅπερwhatRR NSN · ὅσπερpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὅπερ: form of ὅσπερ, rendered here as 'what'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἦν: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'it was'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
18
οὕτως κἀγὼ κατελείφθην ὑπὸ πάντων ἀπωλόμην δὲ καὶ ἔξοικος ἐγενόμην
so I too have been abandoned by everyone; I have perished, and I have become an exile.
Job applies the image to himself directly, naming both ruin and estrangement.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὕτως: form of οὕτως, rendered here as 'thus'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
κἀγὼI tooC+RPNS · καί̈ἐγώpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκἀγὼ: form of καί̈ἐγώ, rendered here as 'I too'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
κατελείφθηνwas abandonedVVI API1S · λείπω + καταverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκατελείφθην: verbal form of λείπω + κατα, rendered here as 'was abandoned'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑπὸ: preposition rendered here as 'by'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
πάντωνallA3 GPM · πᾶςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπάντων: form of πᾶς, rendered here as 'all'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἀπωλόμηνI perishedVBI AMI1S · ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀπόλλυμι: middle form, 'I perished'; Job uses ruin-language for his own social and existential collapse.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἔξοικοςan exileA1B NSM · ἔξοικοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔξοικος: 'estranged, exiled, without household'; the term marks Job as socially displaced and cut off.
ἐγενόμηνI becameVBI AMI1S · γίγνομαιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐγενόμην: verbal form of γίγνομαι, rendered here as 'I became'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
19
ἴδετε ὁδοὺς Θαιμανων ἀτραποὺς Σαβων οἱ διορῶντες
Look at the roads of the Temanites, the paths of the Sabaeans, those who look intently.
Travelers from recognized regions are invoked as witnesses to the pattern of disappointed expectation.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ἴδετεseeVB AAD2P · ὁράωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἴδετε: verbal form of ὁράω, rendered here as 'see'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ὁδοὺςroadsN2 APF · ὁδόςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁδοὺς: form of ὁδός, rendered here as 'roads'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
Θαιμανωνof TemanN GPM · Θαιμάνhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefΘαιμανων: Temanites; the regional reference evokes recognized desert routes and travelers looking for water.
ἀτραποὺςpathsN2 APF · ἀτραπόςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀτραποὺς: form of ἀτραπός, rendered here as 'paths'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
Σαβωνof SabaN GPM · Σαβαιhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefΣαβων: Sabaeans; another geographical marker in the caravan imagery of disappointed expectation.
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοἱ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'those'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
διορῶντεςwatch closelyV3 · παπνπμ ὁράω + διαparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδιορῶντες: verbal form of παπνπμ ὁράω + δια, rendered here as 'watch closely'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
20
καὶ αἰσχύνην ὀφειλήσουσιν οἱ ἐπὶ πόλεσιν καὶ χρήμασιν πεποιθότες
And those who trusted in cities and wealth will incur shame.
Confidence in visible securities ends in disgrace when the expected source fails.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
αἰσχύνηνshameN1 ASF · αἰσχύνηaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαἰσχύνην: form of αἰσχύνη, rendered here as 'shame'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὀφειλήσουσινwill oweVF FAI3P · ὀφείλωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὀφειλήσουσιν: verbal form of ὀφείλω, rendered here as 'will owe'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοἱ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'those'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπὶ: preposition rendered here as 'upon'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
πόλεσινcitiesN3I DPF · πόλιςdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπόλεσιν: form of πόλις, rendered here as 'cities'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
χρήμασινwealthN3M DPN · χρῆμαdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefχρήμασιν: form of χρῆμα, rendered here as 'wealth'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
πεποιθότεςhaving trustedVX · χαπνπμ πείθωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπεποιθότες: verbal form of χαπνπμ πείθω, rendered here as 'having trusted'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
21
ἀτὰρ δὲ καὶ ὑμεῖς ἐπέβητέ μοι ἀνελεημόνως ὥστε ἰδόντες τὸ ἐμὸν τραῦμα φοβήθητε
But now you too have come against me without mercy, so that when you saw my wound, you were afraid.
Job turns explicitly from image to accusation: his friends responded to his suffering not with comfort but with fear and harshness.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἀτὰρyetC · ἀτάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀτὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'yet'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμεῖς: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐπέβητέhave come uponVZI AAI2P · βαίνω + ἐπιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπέβητέ: verbal form of βαίνω + ἐπι, rendered here as 'have come upon'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μοιmeRP DS · ἐγώpronominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμοι: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἀνελεημόνωςwithout mercyD · ἀνελεημόνωςhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀνελεημόνως: 'without mercy, pitilessly'; it describes the friends' fearful harshness toward Job's wound.
ὥστεso thatC · ὥστεconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὥστε: connective or particle rendered here as 'so that'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἰδόντεςseeingVB · ααπνπμ ὁράωparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἰδόντες: verbal form of ααπνπμ ὁράω, rendered here as 'seeing'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτὸ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ἐμὸνmyA1 ASN · ἐμόςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐμὸν: form of ἐμός, rendered here as 'my'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
τραῦμαwoundN3M ASN · τραῦμαaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτραῦμα: 'wound'; Job names his suffering as an injury visible enough to make his friends recoil.
φοβήθητεyou were afraidVC APS2P · φοβέωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφοβήθητε: verbal form of φοβέω, rendered here as 'you were afraid'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
22
τί γάρ μή τι ὑμᾶς ᾔτησα ἢ τῆς παρ' ὑμῶν ἰσχύος ἐπιδέομαι
For did I ask anything from you, or am I in need of strength from you,
He begins a defense against any suggestion that he burdened them with costly demands.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τίwhyRI NSN · τίςpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτί: form of τίς, rendered here as 'why'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγάρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
μήnotD · μήnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμή: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
τιanythingRI ASN · τιςpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτι: form of τις, rendered here as 'anything'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμᾶς: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ᾔτησαI askedVAI AAI1S · αἰτέωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefᾔτησα: verbal form of αἰτέω, rendered here as 'I asked'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτῆς: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'of the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
παρ'from besideP · παράprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπαρ': preposition rendered here as 'from beside'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμῶν: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἰσχύοςstrengthN3U GSF · ἰσχύςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἰσχύος: form of ἰσχύς, rendered here as 'strength'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐπιδέομαιam in needV2 PMI1S · δέω + ἐπιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπιδέομαι: verbal form of δέω + ἐπι, rendered here as 'am in need'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
23
ὥστε σῶσαί με ἐξ ἐχθρῶν ἢ ἐκ χειρὸς δυναστῶν ῥύσασθαί με
that you should save me from enemies or rescue me from the hand of the mighty?
The point is sharpened: he never requested heroic deliverance, only humane truthfulness.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὥστεso thatC · ὥστεconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὥστε: connective or particle rendered here as 'so that'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
σῶσαίto saveVA AAN · σώζωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefσῶσαί: verbal form of σώζω, rendered here as 'to save'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐξfromP · ἐκprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐξ: preposition rendered here as 'from'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ἐχθρῶνenemiesN2 GPM · ἐχθρόςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐχθρῶν: form of ἐχθρός, rendered here as 'enemies'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἐκfromP · ἐκprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐκ: preposition rendered here as 'from'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefχειρὸς: form of χείρ, rendered here as 'hand'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
δυναστῶνof the mightyN1M GPM · δυνάστηςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδυναστῶν: form of δυνάστης, rendered here as 'of the mighty'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ῥύσασθαίto rescueVA AMN · ῥύομαιinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥύσασθαί: verbal form of ῥύομαι, rendered here as 'to rescue'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
24
διδάξατέ με ἐγὼ δὲ κωφεύσω εἴ τι πεπλάνημαι φράσατέ μοι
Teach me, and I will be silent; if I have gone astray in anything, make it clear to me.
Job invites genuine correction and shows himself open to instruction if specific error can actually be demonstrated.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
διδάξατέteachVA AAD2P · διδάσκωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδιδάξατέ: verbal form of διδάσκω, rendered here as 'teach'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal element shaping reference within the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐγὼ: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'I'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
κωφεύσωwill be silentVF FAI1S · κωφεύωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκωφεύσω: verbal form of κωφεύω, rendered here as 'will be silent'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
εἴifC · εἰsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἴ: connective rendered here as 'if'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
τιanythingRI ASN · τιςpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτι: form of τις, rendered here as 'anything'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
πεπλάνημαιI have gone astrayVM XPI1S · πλανάωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπεπλάνημαι: verbal form of πλανάω, rendered here as 'I have gone astray'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
φράσατέexplainVA AAD2P · φράζωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφράσατέ: verbal form of φράζω, rendered here as 'explain'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
μοιmeRP DS · ἐγώpronominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμοι: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
25
ἀλλ' ὡς ἔοικεν φαῦλα ἀληθινοῦ ῥήματα οὐ γὰρ παρ' ὑμῶν ἰσχὺν αἰτοῦμαι
But, it seems, true words are treated as trivial; for I am not asking strength from you.
He contrasts the value of truthful speech with the hollowness of their response, repeating that he is not seeking material power.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀλλ': connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὡςasC · ὡςsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὡς: connective rendered here as 'as'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
ἔοικενit seemsVX XAI3S · ἔοικαverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔοικεν: verbal form of ἔοικα, rendered here as 'it seems'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
φαῦλαworthlessA1 NPN · φαῦλοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφαῦλα: form of φαῦλος, rendered here as 'worthless'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἀληθινοῦtrueA1 GSM · ἀληθινόςgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀληθινοῦ: form of ἀληθινός, rendered here as 'true'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ῥήματαwordsN3M NPN · ῥῆμαnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥήματα: form of ῥῆμα, rendered here as 'words'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
οὐnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
παρ'from besideP · παράprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπαρ': preposition rendered here as 'from beside'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμῶν: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἰσχὺνstrengthN3U ASF · ἰσχύςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἰσχὺν: form of ἰσχύς, rendered here as 'strength'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
αἰτοῦμαιI askV2 PMI1S · αἰτέωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefαἰτοῦμαι: verbal form of αἰτέω, rendered here as 'I ask'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
26
οὐδὲ ὁ ἔλεγχος ὑμῶν ῥήμασίν με παύσει οὐδὲ γὰρ ὑμῶν φθέγμα ῥήματος ἀνέξομαι
Nor will your reproof stop me with mere words, for I will not endure the sound of your speech.
Empty verbal chastisement cannot quiet Job because it does not meet the reality of his case.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'nor'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
ἔλεγχοςreproofN2 NSM · ἔλεγχοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἔλεγχος: 'reproof, exposure'; Job rejects rebuke that consists only of speech without actual demonstration.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμῶν: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ῥήμασίνwith wordsN3M DPN · ῥῆμαdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥήμασίν: form of ῥῆμα, rendered here as 'with words'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning as object, complement, or accusative relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμε: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
παύσειwill stopVF FAI3S · παύωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπαύσει: verbal form of παύω, rendered here as 'will stop'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'nor'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγὰρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμῶν: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
φθέγμαsoundN3M ASN · φθέγμαaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφθέγμα: form of φθέγμα, rendered here as 'sound'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ῥήματοςof speechN3M GSN · ῥῆμαgenitival nominal element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefῥήματος: form of ῥῆμα, rendered here as 'of speech'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἀνέξομαιI will endureVF FMI1S · ἔχω + ἀναverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἀνέξομαι: verbal form of ἔχω + ἀνα, rendered here as 'I will endure'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
27
πλὴν ὅτι ἐπ' ὀρφανῷ ἐπιπίπτετε ἐνάλλεσθε δὲ ἐπὶ φίλῳ ὑμῶν
Except that you fall upon the orphan, and you even leap against your own friend.
Their conduct is portrayed as predatory: they treat the vulnerable and even a friend as prey.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
πλὴνexceptD · πλήνconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπλὴν: connective or particle rendered here as 'except'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιsubordinating or comparative connector framing the clause relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὅτι: connective rendered here as 'that'; it introduces condition, explanation, comparison, or temporal relation in the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπ': preposition rendered here as 'upon'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
ὀρφανῷthe orphanA1 DSM · ὀρφανόςdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὀρφανός: 'orphan'; the term intensifies the moral accusation by invoking the defenseless person friends ought never exploit.
ἐπιπίπτετεyou fall uponV1 PAI2P · πίπτω + ἐπιverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπιπίπτετε: verbal form of πίπτω + ἐπι, rendered here as 'you fall upon'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἐνάλλεσθεyou leap againstV1 PMI2P · ἅλλομαι + ἐνverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐνάλλεσθε: verbal form of ἅλλομαι + ἐν, rendered here as 'you leap against'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐπὶ: preposition rendered here as 'upon'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
φίλῳfriendA1 DSM · φίλοςdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefφίλῳ: form of φίλος, rendered here as 'friend'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμῶν: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
28
νυνὶ δὲ εἰσβλέψας εἰς πρόσωπα ὑμῶν οὐ ψεύσομαι
But now, looking into your faces, I will not lie.
Job asks for face-to-face moral clarity and declares his commitment to truth in their presence.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
νυνὶnowD · νυνίhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefνυνὶ: form of νυνί, rendered here as 'now'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
δὲbutX · δέconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὲ: connective or particle rendered here as 'but'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
εἰσβλέψαςlooking intentlyVA · ααπνσμ βλέπω + εἰςparticipial verbal form contributing action while modifying or supplementing the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰσβλέψας: verbal form of ααπνσμ βλέπω + εἰς, rendered here as 'looking intently'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
εἰςtoP · εἰςprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἰς: preposition rendered here as 'to'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
πρόσωπαfacesN2N APN · πρόσωπονaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπρόσωπα: form of πρόσωπον, rendered here as 'faces'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὑμῶν: form of σύ, rendered here as 'you'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
οὐnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
ψεύσομαιI will lieVF FMI1S · ψεύδωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefψεύσομαι: verbal form of ψεύδω, rendered here as 'I will lie'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
29
καθίσατε δὴ καὶ μὴ εἴη ἄδικον καὶ πάλιν τῷ δικαίῳ συνέρχεσθε
Sit down now, and let there be nothing unjust; yes, come together again for what is right.
He calls for a renewed and equitable hearing, urging them back toward just judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καθίσατεsit downVA AAD2P · ἵζω + καταverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαθίσατε: verbal form of ἵζω + κατα, rendered here as 'sit down'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
δὴindeedX · δήconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδὴ: connective or particle rendered here as 'indeed'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
μὴnotD · μήnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμὴ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
εἴηlet there beV9 PAO3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefεἴη: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'let there be'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἄδικονunjustA1B NSN · ἄδικοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄδικον: form of ἄδικος, rendered here as 'unjust'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
καὶandC · καίconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefκαὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'and'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
πάλινagainD · πάλινhelper element shaping the relation of the surrounding words or clauses→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefπάλιν: form of πάλιν, rendered here as 'again'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefτῷ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
δικαίῳfor the righteousA1A DSM · δίκαιοςdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefδικαίῳ: form of δίκαιος, rendered here as 'for the righteous'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
συνέρχεσθεcome togetherV1 PMI2P · ἔρχομαι + συνverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefσυνέρχομαι: 'come together'; Job calls his friends back into a just and orderly judgment.
30
οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἐν γλώσσῃ μου ἄδικον ἢ ὁ λάρυγξ μου οὐχὶ σύνεσιν μελετᾷ
For there is no injustice in my tongue, and does not my throat ponder understanding?
The chapter closes with Job's claim that his speech is not morally crooked and that his inward discernment remains active.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
οὐnotD · οὐnegative particle qualifying the adjacent verbal or clausal idea→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐ: Greek negative particle, rendered here as 'not'; it negates or prohibits the adjacent verbal idea.
γάρforX · γάρconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγάρ: connective or particle rendered here as 'for'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίcopular or existential verb anchoring the clause's state or assertion→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐστιν: verbal form of εἰμί, rendered here as 'is'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional element governing its complement and shaping the phrase relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἐν: preposition rendered here as 'in'; it frames the spatial or rhetorical relation of the phrase.
γλώσσῃtongueN1S DSF · γλῶσσαdative nominal element marking recipient, reference, means, or sphere→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefγλῶσσα: 'tongue'; the final self-defense centers on truthful speech rather than material vindication.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἄδικονunjustA1B NSN · ἄδικοςnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἄδικον: form of ἄδικος, rendered here as 'unjust'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefἢ: connective or particle rendered here as 'or'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the nominal phrase and its case relation in context→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefὁ: form of the Greek article, rendered here as 'the'; it marks the noun phrase and helps signal its case relation.
λάρυγξthroatN3G NSM · λάρυγξnominal element functioning in the nominative or vocative role of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefλάρυγξ: 'throat'; the organ of taste and speech becomes evidence that Job can still discern what is just.
μουof meRP GS · ἐγώpronominal element functioning in a genitival relation→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμου: form of ἐγώ, rendered here as 'of me'; the case-form or surface form supports its local syntactic role within the sentence.
οὐχὶdoes notD · οὐconnective or particle linking clauses, contrast, emphasis, or inference→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefοὐχὶ: connective or particle rendered here as 'does not'; it links or nuances the argumentative flow of Job 6.
σύνεσινunderstandingN3I ASF · σύνεσιςaccusative nominal element marking object, goal, extent, or complement→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefσύνεσις: 'understanding, discernment'; Job insists his inward faculty for judgment remains active.
μελετᾷponderV3 PAI3S · μελετάωverbal element carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ protest, friendship, and unbearable griefμελετᾷ: verbal form of μελετάω, rendered here as 'ponder'; it carries the action or verbal force of the clause in this context.