Greek Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Judith, Chapter 9ΙΟΥΔΙΘ Θ′

Each verse opens with the running Greek, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case (color), parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Judith does not separate piety from action: she prays at the hour of evening incense, recalls the ancestral pattern of outrage and divine vengeance, and explicitly asks that her own speech and deception become the wound by which the enemy is struck.

Translation & textual notes

The Greek text of Judith 9 is a concentrated prayer of historical remembrance and tactical petition. Judith does not separate piety from action: she prays at the hour of evening incense, recalls the ancestral pattern of outrage and divine vengeance, and explicitly asks that her own speech and deception become the wound by which the enemy is struck. The prayer is therefore morally and narratively decisive. It frames the coming act not as autonomous cleverness but as an appeal for the God who overturns the proud and helps the weak to use a widow’s hand as his instrument. The closing petition universalizes the request, asking that every tribe learn that Israel’s defense lies in God alone.

1

Ιουδιθ δὲ ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον καὶ ἐπέθετο σποδὸν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτῆς καὶ ἐγύμνωσεν ὃν ἐνεδεδύκει σάκκον καὶ ἦν ἄρτι προσφερόμενον ἐν Ιερουσαλημ εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ τὸ θυμίαμα τῆς ἑσπέρας ἐκείνης καὶ ἐβόησεν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ Ιουδιθ πρὸς κύριον καὶ εἶπεν

Then Judith fell upon her face, put ashes on her head, uncovered the sackcloth she had been wearing, and at the very time when the evening incense was then being offered in Jerusalem in the house of God, Judith cried out to the Lord with a loud voice and said,

Prayer settingasyndeton
Judith’s plea is placed within ritual time and embodied abasement, linking her action to temple worship.
Word-by-word analysis· 42 words
ΙουδιθJudithN NSF · ἸουδίθProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Judith in the Judith narrative.
δὲbutX · δέParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “but” here.
ἔπεσενπίπτωVAI AAI3S · πίπτωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “πίπτω” in this context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
πρόσωπονface / presenceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “face / presence” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐπέθετοτίθημι + ἐπιVEI AMI3S · τίθημι + ἐπιFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “τίθημι + ἐπι” in this context.
σποδὸνσποδόςN2 ASM · σποδόςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “σποδός” here.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
κεφαλὴνκεφαλήN1 ASF · κεφαλήObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “κεφαλή” here.
αὐτῆςhis / her / theirRD GSF · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐγύμνωσενstrip bareVAI AAI3S · γυμνόωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “strip bare” in this context.
ὃνwho / whichRR ASM · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
ἐνεδεδύκειhad put onVXI YAI3S · δύω + ἐνFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “had put on” in this context.
σάκκονσάκκοςN2 ASM · σάκκοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “σάκκος” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἦνbeV9 IAI3S · εἰμίFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be” in this context.
ἄρτιjust nowD · ἄρτιAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “just now” here.
προσφερόμενονofferV1 · πμπνσν φέρω + προςParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “offer” in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · ἸερουσαλήμProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Jerusalem in the Judith narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
οἶκονοἶκοςN2 ASM · οἶκοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “οἶκος” here.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θυμίαμαincense offeringN3M NSN · θυμίαμαSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “incense offering” here.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ἑσπέραςἑσπέραN1A GSF · ἑσπέραGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἑσπέρα” here.
ἐκείνηςἐκεῖνοςRD GSF · ἐκεῖνοςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “ἐκεῖνος” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐβόησενβοάωVAI AAI3S · βοάωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “βοάω” in this context.
φωνῇφωνήN1 DSF · φωνήDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “φωνή” here.
μεγάλῃμέγαςA1 DSF · μέγαςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “μέγας” here.
ΙουδιθJudithN NSF · ἸουδίθProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Judith in the Judith narrative.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “to” here.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “Lord” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
εἶπενsayVBI AAI3S · εἶπονFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “say” in this context.
2

κύριε ὁ θεὸς τοῦ πατρός μου Συμεων ᾧ ἔδωκας ἐν χειρὶ ῥομφαίαν εἰς ἐκδίκησιν ἀλλογενῶν οἳ ἔλυσαν μήτραν παρθένου εἰς μίασμα καὶ ἐγύμνωσαν μηρὸν εἰς αἰσχύνην καὶ ἐβεβήλωσαν μήτραν εἰς ὄνειδος εἶπας γάρ οὐχ οὕτως ἔσται καὶ ἐποίησαν

“Lord, God of my father Simeon, to whom you gave a sword in hand for vengeance against foreigners who loosened a virgin’s womb for defilement, stripped a thigh for shame, and profaned a womb for reproach; for though you said, ‘It shall not be so,’ they did it,

Invocationasyndeton
She begins by invoking the God who judged sexual outrage in Israel’s ancestral memory.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςNominal modifier or complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “Lord” here.
theRA NSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
πατρόςfatherN3R GSM · πατήρGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “father” here.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “my” here.
ΣυμεωνSimeonN GSM · ΣυμεωνProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Simeon in the Judith narrative.
who / whichRR DSM · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
ἔδωκαςgiveVAI AAI2S · δίδωμιFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “give” in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “hand” here.
ῥομφαίανῥομφαίαN1A ASF · ῥομφαίαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ῥομφαία” here.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
ἐκδίκησινvengeanceN3I ASF · ἐκδίκησιςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “vengeance” here.
ἀλλογενῶνἀλλογενήςA3H GPM · ἀλλογενήςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἀλλογενής” here.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
ἔλυσανλύωVAI AAI3P · λύωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “λύω” in this context.
μήτρανμήτραN1A ASF · μήτραObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “μήτρα” here.
παρθένουπαρθένοςN2 GSF · παρθένοςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “παρθένος” here.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
μίασμαμίασμαN3M ASN · μίασμαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “μίασμα” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐγύμνωσανstrip bareVAI AAI3P · γυμνόωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “strip bare” in this context.
μηρὸνμηρόςN2 ASM · μηρόςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “μηρός” here.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
αἰσχύνηναἰσχύνηN1 ASF · αἰσχύνηObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “αἰσχύνη” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐβεβήλωσανprofaneVAI AAI3P · βεβηλόωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “profane” in this context.
μήτρανμήτραN1A ASF · μήτραObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “μήτρα” here.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
ὄνειδοςὄνειδοςN3E ASN · ὄνειδοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ὄνειδος” here.
εἶπαςsayVAI AAI2S · εἶπονFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “say” in this context.
γάρforX · γάρParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “for” here.
οὐχnotD · οὐAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “not” here.
οὕτωςοὕτωςD · οὕτωςAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “οὕτως” here.
ἔσταιbeVF FMI3S · εἰμίFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐποίησανdo / makeVAI AAI3P · ποιέωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “do / make” in this context.
3

ἀνθ' ὧν ἔδωκας ἄρχοντας αὐτῶν εἰς φόνον καὶ τὴν στρωμνὴν αὐτῶν ἣ ᾐδέσατο τὴν ἀπάτην αὐτῶν ἀπατηθεῖσαν εἰς αἷμα καὶ ἐπάταξας δούλους ἐπὶ δυνάσταις καὶ δυνάστας ἐπὶ θρόνους αὐτῶν

therefore you gave their rulers over to slaughter, and their bed, which blushed at their deceit, to blood through deceit; and you struck slaves over princes and princes upon their thrones.

Historical recollectionasyndeton
The prayer recalls divine reversal against arrogant rulers and violent men.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
ἀνθ'ἀντίP · ἀντίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “ἀντί” here.
ὧνwho / whichRR GPM · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
ἔδωκαςgiveVAI AAI2S · δίδωμιFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “give” in this context.
ἄρχονταςἄρχωνN3 APM · ἄρχωνObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἄρχων” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
φόνονslaughterN2 ASM · φόνοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “slaughter” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
στρωμνὴνστρωμνήN1 ASF · στρωμνήObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “στρωμνή” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
who / whichRR NSF · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
ᾐδέσατοrespectedVAI AMI3S · αἰδέομαιFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “respected” in this context.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ἀπάτηνἀπάτηN1 ASF · ἀπάτηObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἀπάτη” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
ἀπατηθεῖσανhaving been deceivedVC · αππασφ ἀπατάωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “having been deceived” in this context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
αἷμααἷμαN3M ASN · αἷμαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “αἷμα” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐπάταξαςstrikeVAI AAI2S · πατάσσωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “strike” in this context.
δούλουςδοῦλοςN2 APM · δοῦλοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “δοῦλος” here.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
δυνάσταιςδυνάστηςN1M DPM · δυνάστηςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “δυνάστης” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
δυνάσταςδυνάστηςN1M APM · δυνάστηςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “δυνάστης” here.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
θρόνουςθρόνοςN2 APM · θρόνοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “θρόνος” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
4

καὶ ἔδωκας γυναῖκας αὐτῶν εἰς προνομὴν καὶ θυγατέρας αὐτῶν εἰς αἰχμαλωσίαν καὶ πάντα τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῶν εἰς διαίρεσιν υἱῶν ἠγαπημένων ὑπὸ σοῦ οἳ καὶ ἐζήλωσαν τὸν ζῆλόν σου καὶ ἐβδελύξαντο μίασμα αἵματος αὐτῶν καὶ ἐπεκαλέσαντό σε εἰς βοηθόν ὁ θεὸς ὁ θεὸς ὁ ἐμός καὶ εἰσάκουσον ἐμοῦ τῆς χήρας

You gave their wives to plunder and their daughters to captivity and all their spoils to a division among sons beloved by you, who also were zealous with your zeal and abhorred the defilement of their blood and called on you as helper. O God, my God, hear me, a widow.

Historical recollectionκαὶ
Past deliverance for beloved sons becomes the basis for present appeal by a widow.
Word-by-word analysis· 49 words
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἔδωκαςgiveVAI AAI2S · δίδωμιFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “give” in this context.
γυναῖκαςwoman / wifeN3K APF · γυνήObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “woman / wife” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
προνομὴνπρονομήN1 ASF · προνομήObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “προνομή” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
θυγατέραςθυγάτηρN3R APF · θυγάτηρObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “θυγάτηρ” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
αἰχμαλωσίαναἰχμαλωσίαN1A ASF · αἰχμαλωσίαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “αἰχμαλωσία” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
πάνταall / everyA3 APN · πᾶςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “all / every” here.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
σκῦλασκῦλονN2N APN · σκῦλονObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “σκῦλον” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
διαίρεσινδιαίρεσιςN3I ASF · διαίρεσιςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “διαίρεσις” here.
υἱῶνsonN2 GPM · υἱόςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “son” here.
ἠγαπημένωνbelovedVM · χμπγπμ ἀγαπάωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “beloved” in this context.
ὑπὸὑπόP · ὑπόPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “ὑπό” here.
σοῦyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐζήλωσανbe zealousVAI AAI3P · ζηλόωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be zealous” in this context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ζῆλόνζῆλοςN2 ASM · ζῆλοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ζῆλος” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐβδελύξαντοabhorVAI AMI3P · βδελύσσωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “abhor” in this context.
μίασμαμίασμαN3M ASN · μίασμαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “μίασμα” here.
αἵματοςαἷμαN3M GSN · αἷμαGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “αἷμα” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐπεκαλέσαντόcall uponVAI AMI3P · καλέω + ἐπιFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “call upon” in this context.
σεyouRP AS · σύObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
βοηθόνhelperN2 ASM · βοηθόςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “helper” here.
theRA NSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
theRA NSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
theRA NSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ἐμόςmy ownA1 NSM · ἐμόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “my own” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
εἰσάκουσονlisten toVA AAD2S · ἀκούω + εἰςImperative verbVerbal form meaning “listen to” in this context.
ἐμοῦmyRP GS · ἐγώGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “my” here.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
χήραςwidowN1A GSF · χήραGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “widow” here.
5

σὺ γὰρ ἐποίησας τὰ πρότερα ἐκείνων καὶ ἐκεῖνα καὶ τὰ μετέπειτα καὶ τὰ νῦν καὶ τὰ ἐπερχόμενα διενοήθης καὶ ἐγενήθησαν ἃ ἐνενοήθης

For you made the things before those events and those events themselves and the things after them and the things now and the things coming; you planned them, and the things you had conceived came to be.

Theological confessionasyndeton
God’s sovereignty is confessed over former, present, and future events alike.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.
γὰρforX · γάρParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “for” here.
ἐποίησαςdo / makeVAI AAI2S · ποιέωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “do / make” in this context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
πρότεραπρότεροςA1A APNC · πρότεροςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “πρότερος” here.
ἐκείνωνἐκεῖνοςRD GPN · ἐκεῖνοςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “ἐκεῖνος” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐκεῖναἐκεῖνοςRD APN · ἐκεῖνοςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “ἐκεῖνος” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
μετέπειταμετέπειταD · μετέπειταAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “μετέπειτα” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
νῦννῦνD · νῦνAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “νῦν” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ἐπερχόμεναἔρχομαι + ἐπιV1 · πμπαπν ἔρχομαι + ἐπιParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “ἔρχομαι + ἐπι” in this context.
διενοήθηςplan outVCI API2S · νοέομαι + διαFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “plan out” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐγενήθησανbecomeVCI API3P · γίγνομαιFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “become” in this context.
who / whichRR APN · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
ἐνενοήθηςconceiveVCI API2S · νοέω + ἐνFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “conceive” in this context.
6

καὶ παρέστησαν ἃ ἐβουλεύσω καὶ εἶπαν ἰδοὺ πάρεσμεν πᾶσαι γὰρ αἱ ὁδοί σου ἕτοιμοι καὶ ἡ κρίσις σου ἐν προγνώσει

What you purposed stood ready and said, ‘Behold, we are here,’ for all your ways are prepared and your judgment is in foreknowledge.

Theological elaborationκαὶ
Everything God purposes stands ready before him because his judgment operates in foreknowledge.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
παρέστησανstand readyVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + παραFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “stand ready” in this context.
who / whichRR APN · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
ἐβουλεύσωplanVAI AMI2S · βουλεύωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “plan” in this context.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
εἶπανsayVAI AAI3P · εἶπονFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “say” in this context.
ἰδοὺἰδούI · ἰδούNominal modifier or complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἰδού” here.
πάρεσμενεἰμί + παραV9 PAI1P · εἰμί + παραFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “εἰμί + παρα” in this context.
πᾶσαιall / everyA1S NPF · πᾶςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “all / every” here.
γὰρforX · γάρParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “for” here.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ὁδοίὁδόςN2 NPF · ὁδόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “ὁδός” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
ἕτοιμοιἕτοιμοςA1 NPM · ἕτοιμοςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἕτοιμος” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
theRA NSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
κρίσιςκρίσιςN3I NSF · κρίσιςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “κρίσις” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
προγνώσειπρόγνωσιςN3I DSF · πρόγνωσιςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “πρόγνωσις” here.
7

ἰδοὺ γὰρ Ἀσσύριοι ἐπληθύνθησαν ἐν δυνάμει αὐτῶν ὑψώθησαν ἐφ' ἵππῳ καὶ ἀναβάτῃ ἐγαυρίασαν ἐν βραχίονι πεζῶν ἤλπισαν ἐν ἀσπίδι καὶ ἐν γαίσῳ καὶ τόξῳ καὶ σφενδόνῃ καὶ οὐκ ἔγνωσαν ὅτι σὺ εἶ κύριος συντρίβων πολέμους

For behold, the Assyrians have been multiplied in their strength; they have been lifted up in horse and rider, they have boasted in the arm of foot soldiers, they have hoped in shield and spear and bow and sling, and they did not know that you are the Lord who shatters wars.

Enemy descriptionasyndeton
The Assyrians are portrayed as proud in arms yet ignorant of the God who breaks wars.
Word-by-word analysis· 35 words
ἰδοὺἰδούI · ἰδούNominal modifier or complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἰδού” here.
γὰρforX · γάρParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “for” here.
ἈσσύριοιAssyriansN2 NPM · ἈσσύριοςProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Assyrians in the Judith narrative.
ἐπληθύνθησανmultiplyVCI API3P · πληθύνωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “multiply” in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
δυνάμειforce / powerN3I DSF · δύναμιςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “force / power” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
ὑψώθησανlift highVCI API3P · ὑψόωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “lift high” in this context.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
ἵππῳhorseN2 DSM · ἵπποςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “horse” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἀναβάτῃἀναβάτηςN1M DSM · ἀναβάτηςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἀναβάτης” here.
ἐγαυρίασανboastVAI AAI3P · γαυριάωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “boast” in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
βραχίονιβραχίωνN3N DSM · βραχίωνDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “βραχίων” here.
πεζῶνfoot-soldierA1 GPM · πεζόςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “foot-soldier” here.
ἤλπισανἐλπίζωVAI AAI3P · ἐλπίζωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “ἐλπίζω” in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
ἀσπίδιἀσπίςN3D DSF · ἀσπίςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἀσπίς” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
γαίσῳγαῖσοςN2 DSM · γαῖσοςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “γαῖσος” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
τόξῳτόξονN2N DSN · τόξονDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “τόξον” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
σφενδόνῃσφενδόνηN1 DSF · σφενδόνηDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “σφενδόνη” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
οὐκnotD · οὐAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “not” here.
ἔγνωσανγιγνώσκωVZI AAI3P · γιγνώσκωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “γιγνώσκω” in this context.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “that” here.
σὺyouRP NS · σύSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be” in this context.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “Lord” here.
συντρίβωντρίβω + συνV1 · παπνσμ τρίβω + συνParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “τρίβω + συν” in this context.
πολέμουςπόλεμοςN2 APM · πόλεμοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “πόλεμος” here.
8

κύριος ὄνομά σοι σὺ ῥάξον αὐτῶν τὴν ἰσχὺν ἐν δυνάμει σου καὶ κάταξον τὸ κράτος αὐτῶν ἐν τῷ θυμῷ σου ἐβουλεύσαντο γὰρ βεβηλῶσαι τὰ ἅγιά σου μιᾶναι τὸ σκήνωμα τῆς καταπαύσεως τοῦ ὀνόματος τῆς δόξης σου καταβαλεῖν σιδήρῳ κέρας θυσιαστηρίου σου

Lord is your name; dash their strength by your power and break their dominion in your wrath, for they have planned to profane your holy things, to defile the tabernacle that is the resting place of your glorious name, and to cast down with iron the horn of your altar.

Petitionasyndeton
Judith asks God to break Assyrian power because their intention is to profane the holy things.
Word-by-word analysis· 41 words
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “Lord” here.
ὄνομάnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “name” here.
σοιyouRP DS · σύDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.
σὺyouRP NS · σύSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.
ῥάξονdash downVA AAD2S · ῥάσσωImperative verbVerbal form meaning “dash down” in this context.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ἰσχὺνἰσχύςN3 ASF · ἰσχύςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἰσχύς” here.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
δυνάμειforce / powerN3I DSF · δύναμιςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “force / power” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
κάταξονbreak downVA AAD2S · ἄγω + καταImperative verbVerbal form meaning “break down” in this context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
κράτοςmightN3E ASN · κράτοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “might” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θυμῷθυμόςN2 DSM · θυμόςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “θυμός” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
ἐβουλεύσαντοplanVAI AMI3P · βουλεύωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “plan” in this context.
γὰρforX · γάρParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “for” here.
βεβηλῶσαιprofaneVA AAN · βεβηλόωParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “profane” in this context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ἅγιάholyA1A APN · ἅγιοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “holy” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
μιᾶναιdefileVA AAN · μιαίνωParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “defile” in this context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
σκήνωμασκήνωμαN3M ASN · σκήνωμαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “σκήνωμα” here.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
καταπαύσεωςκατάπαυσιςN3I GSF · κατάπαυσιςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “κατάπαυσις” here.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ὀνόματοςnameN3M GSN · ὄνομαGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “name” here.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
δόξηςδόξαN1S GSF · δόξαGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “δόξα” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
καταβαλεῖνthrow downVB AAN · βάλλω + καταFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “throw down” in this context.
σιδήρῳσίδηροςN2 DSM · σίδηροςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “σίδηρος” here.
κέραςκέραςN3T ASN · κέραςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “κέρας” here.
θυσιαστηρίουθυσιαστήριονN2N GSN · θυσιαστήριονGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “θυσιαστήριον” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
9

βλέψον εἰς ὑπερηφανίαν αὐτῶν ἀπόστειλον τὴν ὀργήν σου εἰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν δὸς ἐν χειρί μου τῆς χήρας ὃ διενοήθην κράτος

Look upon their pride; send your wrath upon their heads; give into the hand of me, a widow, the power I have conceived.

Petition intensifiedasyndeton
She asks that wrath fall on the proud and that her conceived plan receive effective power.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
βλέψονβλέπωVA AAD2S · βλέπωImperative verbVerbal form meaning “βλέπω” in this context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
ὑπερηφανίανὑπερηφανίαN1A ASF · ὑπερηφανίαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ὑπερηφανία” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
ἀπόστειλονsendVA AAD2S · στέλλω + ἀποImperative verbVerbal form meaning “send” in this context.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ὀργήνὀργήN1 ASF · ὀργήObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ὀργή” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
κεφαλὰςκεφαλήN1 APF · κεφαλήObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “κεφαλή” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιImperative verbVerbal form meaning “give” in this context.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
χειρίhandN3 DSF · χείρDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “hand” here.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “my” here.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
χήραςwidowN1A GSF · χήραGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “widow” here.
who / whichRR ASN · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
διενοήθηνplan outVCI API1S · νοέομαι + διαFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “plan out” in this context.
κράτοςmightN3E ASN · κράτοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “might” here.
10

πάταξον δοῦλον ἐκ χειλέων ἀπάτης μου ἐπ' ἄρχοντι καὶ ἄρχοντα ἐπὶ θεράποντι αὐτοῦ θραῦσον αὐτῶν τὸ ἀνάστεμα ἐν χειρὶ θηλείας

Strike slave by the lips of my deceit against ruler, and ruler against his servant; shatter their arrogance by the hand of a woman.

Means requestedasyndeton
The striking instrument she asks for is not brute force but deceptive speech wielded by a woman.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
πάταξονstrikeVA AAD2S · πατάσσωImperative verbVerbal form meaning “strike” in this context.
δοῦλονδοῦλοςN2 ASM · δοῦλοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “δοῦλος” here.
ἐκfromP · ἐκPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “from” here.
χειλέωνlipN3E GPN · χεῖλοςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “lip” here.
ἀπάτηςἀπάτηN1 GSF · ἀπάτηGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἀπάτη” here.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “my” here.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
ἄρχοντιἄρχωνN3 DSM · ἄρχωνDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἄρχων” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἄρχονταἄρχωνN3 ASM · ἄρχωνObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἄρχων” here.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
θεράποντιθεράπωνN3T DSM · θεράπωνDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “θεράπων” here.
αὐτοῦhis / her / theirRD GSM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
θραῦσονbreakVA AAD2S · θραύωImperative verbVerbal form meaning “break” in this context.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ἀνάστεμαarroganceN3M ASN · ἀνάστημαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “arrogance” here.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “hand” here.
θηλείαςθῆλυςA3U GSF · θῆλυςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “θῆλυς” here.
11

οὐ γὰρ ἐν πλήθει τὸ κράτος σου οὐδὲ ἡ δυναστεία σου ἐν ἰσχύουσιν ἀλλὰ ταπεινῶν εἶ θεός ἐλαττόνων εἶ βοηθός ἀντιλήμπτωρ ἀσθενούντων ἀπεγνωσμένων σκεπαστής ἀπηλπισμένων σωτήρ

For your might does not stand in numbers, nor your dominion in the strong; rather, you are the God of the humble, the helper of the lesser, the supporter of the weak, the shelterer of the desperate, the savior of the hopeless.

Confessionasyndeton
God’s characteristic work is to help the weak rather than to magnify the strong.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
οὐnotD · οὐAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “not” here.
γὰρforX · γάρParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “for” here.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
πλήθειπλῆθοςN3E DSN · πλῆθοςDative complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “πλῆθος” here.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
κράτοςmightN3E NSN · κράτοςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “might” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “nor” here.
theRA NSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
δυναστείαδυναστείαN1A NSF · δυναστείαSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “δυναστεία” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
ἐνinP · ἐνPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “in” here.
ἰσχύουσινthe strongV1 · παπδπμ ἰσχύωParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “the strong” in this context.
ἀλλὰἀλλάC · ἀλλάCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “ἀλλά” here.
ταπεινῶνhumbleA1 GPM · ταπεινόςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “humble” here.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be” in this context.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
ἐλαττόνωνlesser oneA3N GPM · ἐλάττωνGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “lesser one” here.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be” in this context.
βοηθόςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “helper” here.
ἀντιλήμπτωρsupporterN3R NSM · ἀντιλήπτωρSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “supporter” here.
ἀσθενούντωνἀσθενέωV2 · παπγπμ ἀσθενέωParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “ἀσθενέω” in this context.
ἀπεγνωσμένωνdespairVT · χμπγπμ γιγνώσκω + ἀποFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “despair” in this context.
σκεπαστήςσκεπαστήςN1M NSM · σκεπαστήςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “σκεπαστής” here.
ἀπηλπισμένωνlose hopeVM · χμπγπμ ἐλπίζω + ἀποFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “lose hope” in this context.
σωτήρσωτήρN3 NSM · σωτήρSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “σωτήρ” here.
12

ναὶ ναὶ ὁ θεὸς τοῦ πατρός μου καὶ θεὸς κληρονομίας Ισραηλ δέσποτα τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ τῆς γῆς κτίστα τῶν ὑδάτων βασιλεῦ πάσης κτίσεώς σου σὺ εἰσάκουσον τῆς δεήσεώς μου

Yes, yes, O God of my father and God of the inheritance of Israel, Master of heaven and earth, Creator of the waters, King of all your creation, hear my petition.

Invocation renewedναὶ
The prayer broadens into royal and cosmic titles before the central plea to be heard.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
ναὶyesX · ναίParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “yes” here.
ναὶyesX · ναίParticle / discourse markerConnective or indeclinable element meaning “yes” here.
theRA NSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
πατρόςfatherN3R GSM · πατήρGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “father” here.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “my” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
κληρονομίαςinheritanceN1A GSF · κληρονομίαGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “inheritance” here.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · ἸσραήλProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Israel in the Judith narrative.
δέσποταδεσπότηςN1M VSM · δεσπότηςNominal modifier or complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “δεσπότης” here.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
οὐρανῶνheavenN2 GPM · οὐρανόςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “heaven” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “land” here.
κτίστακτίστηςN1M VSM · κτίστηςNominal modifier or complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “κτίστης” here.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
ὑδάτωνὕδωρN3T GPN · ὕδωρGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “ὕδωρ” here.
βασιλεῦkingN3V VSM · βασιλεύςNominal modifier or complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “king” here.
πάσηςall / everyA1S GSF · πᾶςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “all / every” here.
κτίσεώςκτίσιςN3I GSF · κτίσιςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “κτίσις” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
σὺyouRP NS · σύSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.
εἰσάκουσονlisten toVA AAD2S · ἀκούω + εἰςImperative verbVerbal form meaning “listen to” in this context.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
δεήσεώςpetitionN3I GSF · δέησιςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “petition” here.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “my” here.
13

καὶ δὸς λόγον μου καὶ ἀπάτην εἰς τραῦμα καὶ μώλωπα αὐτῶν οἳ κατὰ τῆς διαθήκης σου καὶ οἴκου ἡγιασμένου σου καὶ κορυφῆς Σιων καὶ οἴκου κατασχέσεως υἱῶν σου ἐβουλεύσαντο σκληρά

And grant that my word and deceit may become wound and bruise to those who have planned harsh things against your covenant and your consecrated house and the summit of Zion and the house that belongs to your sons.

Specific requestκαὶ
Her speech is asked to become the wound of those who plotted against covenant and sanctuary.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιImperative verbVerbal form meaning “give” in this context.
λόγονλόγοςN2 ASM · λόγοςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “λόγος” here.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “my” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ἀπάτηνἀπάτηN1 ASF · ἀπάτηObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἀπάτη” here.
εἰςintoP · εἰςPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “into” here.
τραῦματραῦμαN3M ASN · τραῦμαObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “τραῦμα” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
μώλωπαμώλωψN3P ASM · μώλωψObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “μώλωψ” here.
αὐτῶνhis / her / theirRD GPM · αὐτόςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “his / her / their” in this context.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “who / which” in this context.
κατὰagainst / according toP · κατάPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “against / according to” here.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
διαθήκηςcovenantN1 GSF · διαθήκηGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “covenant” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
οἴκουοἶκοςN2 GSM · οἶκοςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “οἶκος” here.
ἡγιασμένουἁγιάζωVT · χμπγσμ ἁγιάζωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “ἁγιάζω” in this context.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
κορυφῆςsummitN1 GSF · κορυφήGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “summit” here.
ΣιωνZionN GS · ΣιωνProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Zion in the Judith narrative.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
οἴκουοἶκοςN2 GSM · οἶκοςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “οἶκος” here.
κατασχέσεωςκατάσχεσιςN3I GSF · κατάσχεσιςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “κατάσχεσις” here.
υἱῶνsonN2 GPM · υἱόςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “son” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
ἐβουλεύσαντοplanVAI AMI3P · βουλεύωFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “plan” in this context.
σκληράσκληρόςA1A APN · σκληρόςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “σκληρός” here.
14

καὶ ποίησον ἐπὶ παντὸς ἔθνους σου καὶ πάσης φυλῆς ἐπίγνωσιν τοῦ εἰδῆσαι ὅτι σὺ εἶ ὁ θεὸς θεὸς πάσης δυνάμεως καὶ κράτους καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλος ὑπερασπίζων τοῦ γένους Ισραηλ εἰ μὴ σύ

And make all your nation and every tribe know with understanding that you are God, the God of all power and might, and that there is no other who defends the race of Israel except you.”

Universal aimκαὶ
The final purpose is public recognition that Israel has no defender but God alone.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
ποίησονdo / makeVA AAD2S · ποιέωImperative verbVerbal form meaning “do / make” in this context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίPrepositional linkConnective or indeclinable element meaning “upon” here.
παντὸςall / everyA3 GSN · πᾶςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “all / every” here.
ἔθνουςnationN3E GSN · ἔθνοςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “nation” here.
σουyourRP GS · σύGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “your” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
πάσηςall / everyA1S GSF · πᾶςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “all / every” here.
φυλῆςφυλήN1 GSF · φυλήGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “φυλή” here.
ἐπίγνωσινἐπίγνωσιςN3I ASF · ἐπίγνωσιςObject / complementNominal or adjectival form meaning “ἐπίγνωσις” here.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
εἰδῆσαιοἶδαVA AAN · οἶδαParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “οἶδα” in this context.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “that” here.
σὺyouRP NS · σύSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be” in this context.
theRA NSM · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “God” here.
πάσηςall / everyA1S GSF · πᾶςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “all / every” here.
δυνάμεωςforce / powerN3I GSF · δύναμιςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “force / power” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
κράτουςmightN3E GSN · κράτοςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “might” here.
καὶandC · καίCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “and” here.
οὐκnotD · οὐAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “not” here.
ἔστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίFinite verb / predicateVerbal form meaning “be” in this context.
ἄλλοςotherRD NSM · ἄλλοςPronominal referencePronominal form meaning “other” in this context.
ὑπερασπίζωνἀσπίζω + ὑπερV1 · παπνσμ ἀσπίζω + ὑπερParticipial modifierVerbal form meaning “ἀσπίζω + ὑπερ” in this context.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁArticle / determinerGreek definite article marking the following noun phrase as definite.
γένουςγένοςN3E GSN · γένοςGenitive modifierNominal or adjectival form meaning “γένος” here.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · ἸσραήλProper name within the clauseProper name identifying Israel in the Judith narrative.
εἰεἰC · εἰCoordinatorConnective or indeclinable element meaning “εἰ” here.
μὴnotD · μήAdverbial modifierConnective or indeclinable element meaning “not” here.
σύyouRP NS · σύSubject / head termNominal or adjectival form meaning “you” here.