1
παροιμίαι Σαλωμῶντος υἱοῦ Δαυιδ ὃς ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ισραηλ
Proverbs of Solomon son of David, who reigned in Israel.
The chapter opens with a Solomonic superscription that frames the whole collection as royal wisdom for Israel.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
παροιμίαιproverbsN1A NPF · παροιμίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπαροιμία: meaning 'proverbs'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΣαλωμῶντοςSolomonN GSM · Σαλωμῶνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλωμῶντος: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐβασίλευσενreignedVAI AAI3S · βασιλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβασιλεύω: meaning 'reigned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN DSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
2
γνῶναι σοφίαν καὶ παιδείαν νοῆσαί τε λόγους φρονήσεως
to know wisdom and instruction, and to perceive words of understanding;
A purpose infinitive states that the proverbs train the hearer to know wisdom and recognize prudent speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
γνῶναιto knowVZ AAN · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementγιγνώσκω: meaning 'to know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παιδείανdiscipline / instructionN1A ASF · παιδείαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπαιδεία: meaning 'discipline'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
νοῆσαίto understandVA AAN · νοέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementνοέω: meaning 'to understand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεandC TEconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λόγουςwordN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
φρονήσεωςunderstandingN3I GSF · φρόνησιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationφρόνησις: meaning 'understanding'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
3
δέξασθαί τε στροφὰς λόγων νοῆσαί τε δικαιοσύνην ἀληθῆ καὶ κρίμα κατευθύνειν
and to receive subtle turns of speech, and to understand true righteousness, and to direct judgment;
The pedagogical aim expands from knowing to receiving shaped discourse, true righteousness, and well-directed judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
δέξασθαίto receiveVA AMN · δέχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementδέχομαι: meaning 'to receive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεandC TEconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στροφὰςturnsN1 APF · στροφήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστροφή: meaning 'turns'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λόγωνthing / wordN2 GPM · λόγοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλόγος: meaning 'thing'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
νοῆσαίto understandVA AAN · νοέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementνοέω: meaning 'to understand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεandC TEconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀληθῆtrueA3H ASF · ἀληθήςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀληθής: meaning 'true'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κατευθύνεινto directV1 PAN · εὐθύνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementεὐθύνω + κατα: meaning 'to direct'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
ἵνα δῷ ἀκάκοις πανουργίαν παιδὶ δὲ νέῳ αἴσθησίν τε καὶ ἔννοιαν
so as to give shrewdness to the guileless, and to a young child perception and understanding;
The instruction is designed to arm the innocent and the young with practical shrewdness and moral perception.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δῷhe might giveVO AAS3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδίδωμι: meaning 'he might give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀκάκοιςguilelessA1B DPM · ἄκακοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἄκακος: meaning 'guileless'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πανουργίανshrewdnessN1A ASF · πανουργιάaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπανουργιά: meaning 'shrewdness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
παιδὶservantN3D DSM · παῖςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπαῖς: meaning 'servant'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νέῳyoungA1A DSM · νέοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceνέος: meaning 'young'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αἴσθησίνperceptionN3I ASF · αἴσθησιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἴσθησις: meaning 'perception'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τεandX TEadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔννοιανunderstandingN1A ASF · ἐννοίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐννοία: meaning 'understanding'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
5
τῶνδε γὰρ ἀκούσας σοφὸς σοφώτερος ἔσται ὁ δὲ νοήμων κυβέρνησιν κτήσεται
for by hearing these things the wise will become wiser, and the intelligent will acquire guidance;
The text grounds its usefulness in growth: the wise gain further wisdom and the discerning acquire skilled guidance.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τῶνδεthese thingsRD GPF · ὅδεpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationτῶνδε: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκούσαςhaving heardVA · ααπνσμ ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνσμ ἀκούω: meaning 'having heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοφὸςskilled / wiseA1 NSM · σοφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφός: meaning 'skilled'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σοφώτεροςwiseA1 NSMC · σοφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφός: meaning 'wise'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νοήμωνintelligentA3N NSM · νοήμωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνοήμων: meaning 'intelligent'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυβέρνησινguidanceN3I ASM · κυβέρνησιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκυβέρνησις: meaning 'guidance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κτήσεταιwill acquireVF FMI3S · κτάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκτάομαι: meaning 'will acquire'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
6
νοήσει τε παραβολὴν καὶ σκοτεινὸν λόγον ῥήσεις τε σοφῶν καὶ αἰνίγματα
and he will understand proverb and obscure saying, sayings of the wise and riddles.
The trained hearer becomes able to penetrate proverb, obscure saying, wise speech, and riddle.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
νοήσειperceivedVF FAI3S · νοέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureνοέω: meaning 'perceived'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεandC TEconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παραβολὴνproverbN1 ASF · παραβολήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπαραβολή: meaning 'proverb'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκοτεινὸνobscureA1 ASM · σκοτεινόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσκοτεινός: meaning 'obscure'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ῥήσειςsayingsN3I APF · ῥῆσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationῥῆσις: meaning 'sayings'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τεandC TEconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοφῶνwiseA1 GPM · σοφόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσοφός: meaning 'wise'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἰνίγματαriddlesN3M APN · αἴνιγμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἴνιγμα: meaning 'riddles'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
7
ἀρχὴ σοφίας φόβος θεοῦ σύνεσις δὲ ἀγαθὴ πᾶσι τοῖς ποιοῦσιν αὐτήν εὐσέβεια δὲ εἰς θεὸν ἀρχὴ αἰσθήσεως σοφίαν δὲ καὶ παιδείαν ἀσεβεῖς ἐξουθενήσουσιν
The beginning of wisdom is fear of God, and good understanding belongs to all who practice it; piety toward God is the beginning of perception, but the ungodly will despise wisdom and instruction.
This thesis line gives the book's governing principle: fear of God begins wisdom, while the ungodly despise the training that could form them.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ἀρχὴbeginningN1 NSF · ἀρχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀρχή: meaning 'beginning'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σοφίαςwisdomN1A GSF · σοφίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
φόβοςfearN2 NSM · φόβοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σύνεσιςunderstandingN3I NSF · σύνεσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσύνεσις: meaning 'understanding'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαθὴgoodA1 NSF · ἀγαθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πᾶσιallA3 DPM · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιοῦσινdoV2 · παπδπμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπδπμ ποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτήν: meaning 'her'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐσέβειαpietyN1A NSF · εὐσέβειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὐσέβεια: meaning 'piety'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀρχὴbeginningN1 NSF · ἀρχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀρχή: meaning 'beginning'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αἰσθήσεωςperceptionN3I GSF · αἴσθησιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἴσθησις: meaning 'perception'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παιδείανdiscipline / instructionN1A ASF · παιδείαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπαιδεία: meaning 'discipline'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀσεβεῖςungodlyA3H NPM · ἀσεβήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐξουθενήσουσινwill despiseVF FAI3P · οὐθενόω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοὐθενόω + ἐκ: meaning 'will despise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
8
ἄκουε υἱέ παιδείαν πατρός σου καὶ μὴ ἀπώσῃ θεσμοὺς μητρός σου
Hear, my son, your father's instruction, and do not reject your mother's ordinances.
The father turns directly to the son and anchors wisdom in the concrete authority of father and mother.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἄκουεhearV1 PAD2S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
υἱέsonN2 VSM · υἱόςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
παιδείανdiscipline / instructionN1A ASF · παιδείαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπαιδεία: meaning 'discipline'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πατρόςfatherN3 GSM · πατήρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπώσῃrejectVA AAS3S · ὠθέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyὠθέω + ἀπο: meaning 'reject'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θεσμοὺςordinancesN2 APM · θεσμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθεσμός: meaning 'ordinances'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μητρόςof the motherN3 GSF · μήτηρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμήτηρ: meaning 'of the mother'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
στέφανον γὰρ χαρίτων δέξῃ σῇ κορυφῇ καὶ κλοιὸν χρύσεον περὶ σῷ τραχήλῳ
For you will receive a crown of graces for your head and a golden chain around your neck.
Parental instruction is commended because it adorns the learner like a festive crown and chain.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
στέφανονcrownN2 ASM · στέφανοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστέφανος: meaning 'crown'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χαρίτωνfavorN3T GPF · χάριςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχάρις: meaning 'favor'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δέξῃyou will receiveVA AMS2S · δέχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδέχομαι: meaning 'you will receive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σῇyourA1 DSF · σόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κορυφῇheadN1 DSF · κορυφήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκορυφή: meaning 'head'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κλοιὸνyoke / pledgeN2 ASM · κλοιόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκλοιός: meaning 'yoke'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
χρύσεονgoldenA1 ASM · χρύσεοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχρύσεος: meaning 'golden'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
περὶconcerningP · περίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπερὶ: meaning 'concerning'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σῷyourA1 DSM · σόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τραχήλῳneckN2 DSM · τράχηλοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceτράχηλος: meaning 'neck'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
10
υἱέ μή σε πλανήσωσιν ἄνδρες ἀσεβεῖς μηδὲ βουληθῇς ἐὰν παρακαλέσωσί σε λέγοντες
My son, let not ungodly men lead you astray, nor be willing if they urge you, saying,
A new movement begins with the father's warning not to yield when wicked men try to recruit the son.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
υἱέsonN2 VSM · υἱόςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
μήnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμή: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πλανήσωσινlead astrayVA AAS3P · πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπλανάω: meaning 'lead astray'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄνδρεςmanN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀσεβεῖςungodlyA3H NPM · ἀσεβήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μηδὲand do not / norC · μηδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastμηδὲ: meaning 'and do not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βουληθῇςbe willingVC APS2S · βούλομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyβούλομαι: meaning 'be willing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἐὰν: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρακαλέσωσίurgeVA AAS3P · καλέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκαλέω + παρα: meaning 'urge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λέγοντεςsayingV1 · παπνπμ λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ λέγω: meaning 'saying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
11
ἐλθὲ μεθ' ἡμῶν κοινώνησον αἵματος κρύψωμεν δὲ εἰς γῆν ἄνδρα δίκαιον ἀδίκως
Come with us, share in bloodshed, and let us unjustly hide a righteous man in the earth.
The sinners' speech begins by inviting shared complicity in bloodshed against an innocent man.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐλθὲcomeVB PAD2S · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἔρχομαι: meaning 'come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεθ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμεθ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κοινώνησονshareVA AAD2S · κοινωνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateκοινωνέω: meaning 'share'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αἵματοςbloodN3M GSN · αἷμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κρύψωμενlet us hideVA AAS1P · κρύπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκρύπτω: meaning 'let us hide'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἄνδραmanN3 ASM · ἀνήρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δίκαιονrighteousA1A ASM · δίκαιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀδίκωςunjustlyD · ἀδίκωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἀδίκως: meaning 'unjustly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
12
καταπίωμεν δὲ αὐτὸν ὥσπερ ᾅδης ζῶντα καὶ ἄρωμεν αὐτοῦ τὴν μνήμην ἐκ γῆς
Let us swallow him alive like Hades, and let us take his memory from the earth.
Their invitation intensifies into predatory boasting: they imagine swallowing the victim whole and erasing his memory.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καταπίωμενlet us swallowVB AAS1P · πίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπίνω + κατα: meaning 'let us swallow'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὥσπερ: meaning 'just as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾅδηςHades / SheolN1M NSM · ᾅδηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceᾅδης: meaning 'Hades'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ζῶνταaliveV3 · παπασμ ζάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασμ ζάω: meaning 'alive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄρωμενlet us take awayVA AAS1P · αἴρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyαἴρω: meaning 'let us take away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μνήμηνmemoryN1 ASF · μνήμηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμνήμη: meaning 'memory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
13
τὴν κτῆσιν αὐτοῦ τὴν πολυτελῆ καταλαβώμεθα πλήσωμεν δὲ οἴκους ἡμετέρους σκύλων
Let us seize his costly possessions, and let us fill our houses with spoils.
Greed joins violence as they promise rich plunder and houses filled from another man's goods.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κτῆσινpossessionN3I ASF · κτῆσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκτῆσις: meaning 'possession'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πολυτελῆcostlyA3H ASF · πολυτελήςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπολυτελής: meaning 'costly'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καταλαβώμεθαlet us seizeVB AMS1P · λαμβάνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyλαμβάνω + κατα: meaning 'let us seize'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πλήσωμενlet us fillVH AAS1P · πίμπλημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπίμπλημι: meaning 'let us fill'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἴκουςhousesN2 APM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'houses'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡμετέρουςourA1A APM · ἡμέτεροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἡμέτερος: meaning 'our'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σκύλωνspoilN2N GPN · σκῦλονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκῦλον: meaning 'spoil'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
14
τὸν δὲ σὸν κλῆρον βάλε ἐν ἡμῖν κοινὸν δὲ βαλλάντιον κτησώμεθα πάντες καὶ μαρσίππιον ἓν γενηθήτω ἡμῖν
Cast your lot among us, and let us all get a common purse; let there be one bag for us.
The enticement climaxes in an offer of full partnership through a shared lot, purse, and money-bag.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σὸνyourA1 ASM · σόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κλῆρονlotN2 ASM · κλῆροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκλῆρος: meaning 'lot'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βάλεcastVB AAD2S · βάλλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateβάλλω: meaning 'cast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κοινὸνpublicA1 ASN · κοινόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκοινός: meaning 'public'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βαλλάντιονpurseN2N ASN · βαλλάντιονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβαλλάντιον: meaning 'purse'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κτησώμεθαlet us acquireVA AMS1P · κτάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκτάομαι: meaning 'let us acquire'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μαρσίππιονbagN2N ASN · μαρσίππιονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμαρσίππιον: meaning 'bag'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἓνoneA3 ASN · εἷςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ measure or countἓν: meaning 'one'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
γενηθήτωbecome / happenVC APD3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
15
μὴ πορευθῇς ἐν ὁδῷ μετ' αὐτῶν ἔκκλινον δὲ τὸν πόδα σου ἐκ τῶν τρίβων αὐτῶν
Do not go on the road with them, but turn your foot aside from their paths.
The father answers the gang's invitation with a blunt prohibition and a command to turn away bodily from their tracks.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορευθῇςwentVC APS2S · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπορεύομαι: meaning 'went'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁδῷroadN2 DSM · ὁδόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὁδός: meaning 'road'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔκκλινονturn asideVB AAD2S · κλίνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateκλίνω + ἐκ: meaning 'turn aside'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πόδαfootN3D ASM · πούςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρίβωνpathsN2 GPF · τρίβοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτρίβος: meaning 'paths'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
16
οἱ γὰρ πόδες αὐτῶν εἰς κακίαν τρέχουσιν καὶ ταχινοὶ τοῦ ἐκχέαι αἷμα
For their feet run to evil, and they are swift to pour out blood.
Their paths are rejected because they are already bent toward evil and quick bloodshed.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πόδεςfootN3D NPM · πούςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κακίανwickedness / evilN1A ASF · κακίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκακία: meaning 'wickedness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τρέχουσινrunV1 PAI3P · τρέχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processτρέχω: meaning 'run'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταχινοὶswiftA1 NPM · ταχινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceταχινός: meaning 'swift'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκχέαιto pour outVA AAN · χέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementχέω + ἐκ: meaning 'to pour out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αἷμαbloodN3M ASN · αἷμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
17
οὐ γὰρ ἀδίκως ἐκτείνεται δίκτυα πτερωτοῖς
For a net is not spread without cause for winged creatures.
A brief proverb from the natural world exposes the futility of obvious traps and prepares the reversal of the wicked.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀδίκωςunjustlyD · ἀδίκωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἀδίκως: meaning 'unjustly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκτείνεταιis spreadV1 PMI3S · τείνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processτείνω + ἐκ: meaning 'is spread'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δίκτυαnetworkN2N APN · δίκτυονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδίκτυον: meaning 'network'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πτερωτοῖςwinged creaturesA1 DPN · πτερωτόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπτερωτός: meaning 'winged creatures'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
18
αὐτοὶ γὰρ οἱ φόνου μετέχοντες θησαυρίζουσιν ἑαυτοῖς κακά ἡ δὲ καταστροφὴ ἀνδρῶν παρανόμων κακή
For these men, sharing in murder, store up evils for themselves, and the downfall of lawless men is evil.
The murderers in fact store up disaster for themselves, so their violence recoils upon their own lives.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
αὐτοὶhe / she / itRD NPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὶ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φόνουmurderN2 GSM · φόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationφόνος: meaning 'murder'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μετέχοντεςsharing inV1 · παπνπμ ἔχω + μεταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἔχω + μετα: meaning 'sharing in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θησαυρίζουσινstore upV1 PAI3P · θησαυρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processθησαυρίζω: meaning 'store up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἑαυτοῖςhimself / themselvesRD DPM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἑαυτοῖς: meaning 'himself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κακάevilA1 APN · κακόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταστροφὴdownfallN1 NSF · καταστροφήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαταστροφή: meaning 'downfall'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνδρῶνmenN3 GPM · ἀνήρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνήρ: meaning 'men'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
παρανόμωνlawlessA1B GPM · παράνομοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπαράνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κακήevilA1 NSF · κακόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
19
αὗται αἱ ὁδοί εἰσιν πάντων τῶν συντελούντων τὰ ἄνομα τῇ γὰρ ἀσεβείᾳ τὴν ἑαυτῶν ψυχὴν ἀφαιροῦνται
These are the ways of all who accomplish lawless deeds, for by ungodliness they take away their own life.
The warning closes with a general maxim: lawless gain finally robs the wrongdoers of their own life.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
αὗταιthemselvesRD NPF · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὗται: meaning 'themselves'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδοίwaysN2 NPF · ὁδόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὁδός: meaning 'ways'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἰσινareV9 PAI3P · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'are'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάντωνallA3 GPM · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συντελούντωνthose performingV2 · παπγπμ τελέω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγπμ τελέω + συν: meaning 'those performing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄνομαlawlessA1B APN · ἄνομοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀσεβείᾳungodlinessN1A DSF · ἀσέβειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀσέβεια: meaning 'ungodliness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑαυτῶνtheir ownRD GPN · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἑαυτῶν: meaning 'their own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ψυχὴνlifeN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψυχή: meaning 'life'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀφαιροῦνταιtake awayV2 PMI3P · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processαἱρέω + ἀπο: meaning 'take away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
20
σοφία ἐν ἐξόδοις ὑμνεῖται ἐν δὲ πλατείαις παρρησίαν ἄγει
Wisdom is sung in the exits, and in the broad places she leads with boldness.
The discourse shifts from paternal warning to personified Wisdom, who takes the public spaces of the city as her pulpit.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
σοφίαwisdomN1A NSF · σοφίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐξόδοιςstreetsN2 DPF · ἔξοδοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔξοδος: meaning 'streets'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὑμνεῖταιis sungV2 PMI3S · ὑμνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processὑμνέω: meaning 'is sung'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πλατείαιςstreetsA3U DPF · πλατύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπλατύς: meaning 'streets'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
παρρησίανpublic boldnessN1A ASF · παρρησίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπαρρησία: meaning 'public boldness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἄγειleadsV1 PAI3S · ἄγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἄγω: meaning 'leads'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
21
ἐπ' ἄκρων δὲ τειχέων κηρύσσεται ἐπὶ δὲ πύλαις δυναστῶν παρεδρεύει ἐπὶ δὲ πύλαις πόλεως θαρροῦσα λέγει
And she is proclaimed upon the tops of the walls; at the gates of rulers she sits beside them; at the gates of the city, speaking boldly, she says,
Wisdom is heard from walls, rulers' gates, and city gates alike, so her summons is fully public and unavoidable.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἄκρωνtips / endsA1A GPN · ἄκροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄκρος: meaning 'tips'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τειχέωνwallN3E GPN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κηρύσσεταιis proclaimedV1 PMI3S · κηρύσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκηρύσσω: meaning 'is proclaimed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πύλαιςgatesN1 DPF · πύληdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπύλη: meaning 'gates'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
δυναστῶνrulerN1M GPM · δυνάστηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδυνάστης: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
παρεδρεύειsits besideV1 PAI3S · ἑδρεύω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἑδρεύω + παρα: meaning 'sits beside'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πύλαιςgatesN1 DPF · πύληdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπύλη: meaning 'gates'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
θαρροῦσαspeaking boldlyV2 · παπνσφ θαρσέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ θαρσέω: meaning 'speaking boldly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
22
ὅσον ἂν χρόνον ἄκακοι ἔχωνται τῆς δικαιοσύνης οὐκ αἰσχυνθήσονται οἱ δὲ ἄφρονες τῆς ὕβρεως ὄντες ἐπιθυμηταί ἀσεβεῖς γενόμενοι ἐμίσησαν αἴσθησιν
For however long the guileless hold to righteousness, they will not be ashamed; but the foolish, being lovers of insolence, having become ungodly, hated perception.
Her address rebukes the simple and foolish for clinging to insolence and hating perceptive knowledge.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ὅσονfor as much asA1 ASM · ὅσοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅσος: meaning 'for as much as'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἄκακοιguilelessA1B NPM · ἄκακοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄκακος: meaning 'guileless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔχωνταιhold toV1 PMS3P · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔχω: meaning 'hold to'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηςof righteousnessN1 GSF · δικαιοσύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'of righteousness'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἰσχυνθήσονταιwill be ashamedVF FPI3P · αἰσχύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἰσχύνω: meaning 'will be ashamed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄφρονεςfoolishA3N NPM · ἄφρωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄφρων: meaning 'foolish'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕβρεωςarroganceN3I GSF · ὕβριςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕβρις: meaning 'arrogance'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὄντεςbeingV9 · παπνπμ εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ εἰμί: meaning 'being'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπιθυμηταίloversN1M NPM · ἐπιθυμητήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐπιθυμητής: meaning 'lovers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀσεβεῖςungodlyA3H NPM · ἀσεβήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γενόμενοιbecomeVB · αμπνπμ γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαμπνπμ γίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμίσησανthey hatedVAI AAI3P · μισέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristμισέω: meaning 'they hated'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αἴσθησινsenseN3I ASF · αἴσθησιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἴσθησις: meaning 'sense'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
23
καὶ ὑπεύθυνοι ἐγένοντο ἐλέγχοις ἰδοὺ προήσομαι ὑμῖν ἐμῆς πνοῆς ῥῆσιν διδάξω δὲ ὑμᾶς τὸν ἐμὸν λόγον
And they became liable to reproofs. Behold, I will pour out to you a saying from my breath, and I will teach you my word.
The rebuke turns to invitation: if they face her reproof, Wisdom will pour out her breath and teach them her word.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπεύθυνοιliableN2 NPM · ὑπεύθυνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑπεύθυνος: meaning 'liable'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐγένοντοcame to beVBI AMI3P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'came to be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐλέγχοιςreproofsN2 DPM · ἔλεγχοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔλεγχος: meaning 'reproofs'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προήσομαιI will pour outVF FMI1S · ἵημι + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵημι + προ: meaning 'I will pour out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐμῆςmyA1 GSF · ἐμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πνοῆςbreathN1 GSF · πνοήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπνοή: meaning 'breath'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ῥῆσινmessageN3I ASF · ῥῆσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationῥῆσις: meaning 'message'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
διδάξωI will teachVF FAI1S · διδάσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδιδάσκω: meaning 'I will teach'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐμὸνmyA1 ASM · ἐμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
24
ἐπειδὴ ἐκάλουν καὶ οὐχ ὑπηκούσατε καὶ ἐξέτεινον λόγους καὶ οὐ προσείχετε
Because I called and you did not listen, and I stretched out words and you did not attend,
The judgment speech begins by recalling Wisdom's prior calls, which were met with refusal and inattention.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐπειδὴbecauseC · ἐπειδήconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἐπειδὴ: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκάλουνI was callingV2I IAI1S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκαλέω: meaning 'I was calling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπηκούσατεobeyedVAI AAI2P · ἀκούω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω + ὑπο: meaning 'obeyed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξέτεινονstretched outV1I IAI1S · τείνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processτείνω + ἐκ: meaning 'stretched out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λόγουςwordN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσείχετεpaid attentionV1I IAI2P · ἔχω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω + προς: meaning 'paid attention'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
25
ἀλλὰ ἀκύρους ἐποιεῖτε ἐμὰς βουλάς τοῖς δὲ ἐμοῖς ἐλέγχοις ἠπειθήσατε
but you made my counsels invalid, and disobeyed my reproofs,
Their guilt is specified more sharply: they nullified her counsels and refused her corrections.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλὰ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκύρουςinvalidA1B APF · ἄκυροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄκυρος: meaning 'invalid'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐποιεῖτεdoV2I IAI2P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμὰςmyA1 APF · ἐμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βουλάςcounselsN1 APF · βουλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβουλή: meaning 'counsels'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμοῖςmyA1 DPM · ἐμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐλέγχοιςreproofsN2 DPM · ἔλεγχοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔλεγχος: meaning 'reproofs'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἠπειθήσατεepeithesateVAI AAI2P · ἀπειθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀπειθέω: meaning 'epeithesate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
26
τοιγαροῦν κἀγὼ τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ ἀπωλείᾳ ἐπιγελάσομαι καταχαροῦμαι δέ ἡνίκα ἂν ἔρχηται ὑμῖν ὄλεθρος
therefore I also will laugh at your destruction, and I will rejoice when ruin comes upon you,
Therefore Wisdom answers rejection with ironic laughter when the ruin they chose finally arrives.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
τοιγαροῦνthereforeX · τοιγαροῦνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτοιγαροῦν: meaning 'therefore'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κἀγὼand IC+RPNS · καί̈ἐγώconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκἀγὼ: meaning 'and I'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑμετέρᾳyourA1A DSF · ὑμέτεροςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὑμέτερος: meaning 'your'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἀπωλείᾳdestructionN1A DSF · ἀπώλειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπιγελάσομαιI will laugh atVF FMI1S · γελάω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγελάω + ἐπι: meaning 'I will laugh at'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καταχαροῦμαιI will rejoiceVF FMI1S · χαίρω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureχαίρω + κατα: meaning 'I will rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δέbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδέ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡνίκαwhenD · ἡνίκαadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἡνίκα: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔρχηταιcomesV1 PMS3S · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι: meaning 'comes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὄλεθροςdestructionN2 NSM · ὄλεθροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄλεθρος: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
27
καὶ ὡς ἂν ἀφίκηται ὑμῖν ἄφνω θόρυβος ἡ δὲ καταστροφὴ ὁμοίως καταιγίδι παρῇ καὶ ὅταν ἔρχηται ὑμῖν θλῖψις καὶ πολιορκία ἢ ὅταν ἔρχηται ὑμῖν ὄλεθρος
and when sudden tumult reaches you, and destruction comes like a storm, and when affliction and siege come upon you, or when ruin comes upon you.
The coming disaster is pictured as sudden tumult, storm, affliction, siege, and ruin closing in from every side.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀφίκηταιarrivesVB AMS3S · ἱκνέομαι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἱκνέομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'arrives'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἄφνωsuddenlyD · ἄφνωadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἄφνω: meaning 'suddenly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θόρυβοςuproarN2 NSM · θόρυβοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθόρυβος: meaning 'uproar'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταστροφὴdownfallN1 NSF · καταστροφήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαταστροφή: meaning 'downfall'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁμοίωςlikewiseD · ὁμοίωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὁμοίως: meaning 'likewise'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταιγίδιstormN3D DSF · καταιγίςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαταιγίς: meaning 'storm'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
παρῇcomes uponV9 PAS3S · εἰμί + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyεἰμί + παρα: meaning 'comes upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔρχηταιcomesV1 PMS3S · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι: meaning 'comes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θλῖψιςafflictionN3I NSF · θλῖψιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθλῖψις: meaning 'affliction'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πολιορκίαsiegeN1A NSF · πολιορκίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολιορκία: meaning 'siege'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔρχηταιcomesV1 PMS3S · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι: meaning 'comes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὄλεθροςdestructionN2 NSM · ὄλεθροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄλεθρος: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
28
ἔσται γὰρ ὅταν ἐπικαλέσησθέ με ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ εἰσακούσομαι ὑμῶν ζητήσουσίν με κακοὶ καὶ οὐχ εὑρήσουσιν
For it shall be that when you call upon me, I will not listen to you; evil men will seek me and will not find me,
When calamity exposes their need, their cries go unanswered because the time for teachability has been refused.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπικαλέσησθέyou call uponVA AMS2P · καλέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκαλέω + ἐπι: meaning 'you call upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσακούσομαιhearVF FMI1S · ἀκούω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ζητήσουσίνwill seekVF FAI3P · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureζητέω: meaning 'will seek'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κακοὶevil menA1 NPM · κακόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκακός: meaning 'evil men'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὑρήσουσινwill findVF FAI3P · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὑρίσκω: meaning 'will find'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
29
ἐμίσησαν γὰρ σοφίαν τὸν δὲ φόβον τοῦ κυρίου οὐ προείλαντο
for they hated wisdom, and they did not choose the fear of the Lord,
The reason for that refusal is moral, not accidental: they hated wisdom and did not choose the fear of the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐμίσησανthey hatedVAI AAI3P · μισέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristμισέω: meaning 'they hated'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φόβονfearN2 ASM · φόβοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προείλαντοchoseVB AMI3P · αἱρέω + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristαἱρέω + προ: meaning 'chose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
30
οὐδὲ ἤθελον ἐμαῖς προσέχειν βουλαῖς ἐμυκτήριζον δὲ ἐμοὺς ἐλέγχους
nor were they willing to attend to my counsels, but they mocked my reproofs.
The charge is repeated in covenantal terms: they would not attend, and they scorned Wisdom's reproofs.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐδὲ: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἤθελονwishV1I IAI3P · ἐθέλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἐθέλω: meaning 'wish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμαῖςmyA1 DPF · ἐμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
προσέχεινattend toV1 PAN · ἔχω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἔχω + προς: meaning 'attend to'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βουλαῖςboylN1 DPF · βουλήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceβουλή: meaning 'boyl'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐμυκτήριζονmockedV1I IAI3P · μυκτηρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processμυκτηρίζω: meaning 'mocked'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμοὺςmyA1 APM · ἐμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐλέγχουςreproofsN2 APM · ἔλεγχοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεγχος: meaning 'reproofs'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
31
τοιγαροῦν ἔδονται τῆς ἑαυτῶν ὁδοῦ τοὺς καρποὺς καὶ τῆς ἑαυτῶν ἀσεβείας πλησθήσονται
Therefore they will eat the fruits of their own way and be filled with their own ungodliness.
The sentence fits the crime, as they are made to eat the fruit grown from their own path and ungodliness.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τοιγαροῦνthereforeX · τοιγαροῦνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτοιγαροῦν: meaning 'therefore'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔδονταιwill eatVF FMI3P · ἐσθίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐσθίω: meaning 'will eat'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑαυτῶνtheir ownRD GPM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἑαυτῶν: meaning 'their own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁδοῦroadN2 GSF · ὁδόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὁδός: meaning 'road'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρποὺςfruitsN2 APM · καρπόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρπός: meaning 'fruits'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑαυτῶνtheir ownRD GPF · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἑαυτῶν: meaning 'their own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀσεβείαςasebeiaN1A GSF · ἀσέβειαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀσέβεια: meaning 'asebeia'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πλησθήσονταιshall be filledVS FPI3P · πίμπλημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίμπλημι: meaning 'shall be filled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
32
ἀνθ' ὧν γὰρ ἠδίκουν νηπίους φονευθήσονται καὶ ἐξετασμὸς ἀσεβεῖς ὀλεῖ
For because they wronged the innocent, they will be slain, and scrutiny will destroy the ungodly.
The vulnerable they injured become the ground of their own destruction, and scrutiny consumes the ungodly.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἀνθ'instead of / in place ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀνθ': meaning 'instead of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὧνwhichRR GPM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὧν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠδίκουνwrongedV2I IAI3P · ἀδικέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἀδικέω: meaning 'wronged'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νηπίουςthe innocentA1A APM · νήπιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνήπιος: meaning 'the innocent'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
φονευθήσονταιwill be slainVC FPI3P · φονεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφονεύω: meaning 'will be slain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξετασμὸςscrutinyN2 NSM · ἐξετασμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐξετασμός: meaning 'scrutiny'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀσεβεῖςungodly menA3H APM · ἀσεβήςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly men'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὀλεῖwill destroyVF2 FAI3S · ὄλλυμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὄλλυμι: meaning 'will destroy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
33
ὁ δὲ ἐμοῦ ἀκούων κατασκηνώσει ἐπ' ἐλπίδι καὶ ἡσυχάσει ἀφόβως ἀπὸ παντὸς κακοῦ
But the one who listens to me will encamp in hope and rest fearlessly from every evil.
The chapter closes with a counter-image: the one who listens to Wisdom dwells secure, restful, and fearless of evil.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμοῦmeRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἐμοῦ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀκούωνhearingV1 · παπνσμ ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ ἀκούω: meaning 'hearing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κατασκηνώσειsettleVF FAI3S · σκηνόω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσκηνόω + κατα: meaning 'settle'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐλπίδιin confidenceN3D DSF · ἐλπίςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐλπίς: meaning 'in confidence'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡσυχάσειwill restVF FAI3S · ἡσυχάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἡσυχάζω: meaning 'will rest'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀφόβωςwithout fearD · ἀφόβωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἀφόβως: meaning 'without fear'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παντὸςeveryA3 GSN · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κακοῦevilA1 GSN · κακόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.