1
αλληλουια ἐξομολογεῖσθε τῷ κυρίῳ ὅτι χρηστός ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ
Alleluia. Give thanks to the Lord, because he is good, because his mercy is forever.
The psalm begins with the same enduring confession of divine goodness and mercy that frames all the rescues that follow.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
αλληλουιααλληλουιαI ALLHLOUIAadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastαλληλουια: meaning 'αλληλουια'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξομολογεῖσθεὁμολογέω + ἐκV2 PMD2P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'ὁμολογέω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χρηστόςχρηστόςA1 NSM · χρηστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχρηστός: meaning 'χρηστός'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶνααἰώνN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'αἰών'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E NSN · ἔλεοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
2
εἰπάτωσαν οἱ λελυτρωμένοι ὑπὸ κυρίου οὓς ἐλυτρώσατο ἐκ χειρὸς ἐχθροῦ
Let those redeemed by the Lord say so, whom he redeemed from the hand of the enemy,
The redeemed are called to become witnesses by speaking the story of their deliverance.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
εἰπάτωσανεἶπονVA AAD3P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεἶπον: meaning 'εἶπον'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λελυτρωμένοιχμπνπμ λυτρόωVM · χμπνπμ λυτρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπνπμ λυτρόω: meaning 'χμπνπμ λυτρόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὓςὅςRR APM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοὓς: meaning 'ὅς'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐλυτρώσατολυτρόωVAI AMI3S · λυτρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλυτρόω: meaning 'λυτρόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χειρὸςχείρN3 GSF · χείρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχείρ: meaning 'χείρ'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐχθροῦἐχθρόςN2 GSM · ἐχθρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἐχθρός: meaning 'ἐχθρός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
3
ἐκ τῶν χωρῶν συνήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν καὶ δυσμῶν καὶ βορρᾶ καὶ θαλάσσης
and gathered them from the lands, from east and west and north and sea.
The Lord's rescue includes regathering scattered people from every direction.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χωρῶνχώραN1A GPF · χώραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχώρα: meaning 'χώρα'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
συνήγαγενἄγω + συνVBI AAI3S · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄγω + συν: meaning 'ἄγω + συν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀνατολῶνἀνατολήN1 GPF · ἀνατολήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνατολή: meaning 'ἀνατολή'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δυσμῶνδυσμήN1 GPF · δυσμήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδυσμή: meaning 'δυσμή'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βορρᾶβορέαςN1T GSM · βορέαςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβορέας: meaning 'βορέας'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θαλάσσηςθάλασσαN1S GSF · θάλασσαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθάλασσα: meaning 'θάλασσα'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
4
ἐπλανήθησαν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἐν ἀνύδρῳ ὁδὸν πόλεως κατοικητηρίου οὐχ εὗρον
They wandered in the wilderness, in a waterless place; they did not find a way to a city for dwelling.
The first rescue scene begins with aimless, exposed wanderers lacking habitation.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐπλανήθησανπλανάωVCI API3P · πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπλανάω: meaning 'πλανάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐρήμῳἔρημοςN2 DSF · ἔρημοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔρημος: meaning 'ἔρημος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀνύδρῳἄνυδροςA1B DSM · ἄνυδροςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἄνυδρος: meaning 'ἄνυδρος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὁδὸνὁδόςN2 ASF · ὁδόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁδός: meaning 'ὁδός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πόλεωςπόλιςN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'πόλις'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κατοικητηρίουκατοικητήριονN2N GSN · κατοικητήριονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκατοικητήριον: meaning 'κατοικητήριον'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὗρονεὑρίσκωVB AAI3P · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὑρίσκω: meaning 'εὑρίσκω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
5
πεινῶντες καὶ διψῶντες ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐξέλιπεν
Hungry and thirsty, their soul failed within them.
Their need is total, touching both body and inner life.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
πεινῶντεςπαπνπμ πεινάωV3 · παπνπμ πεινάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ πεινάω: meaning 'παπνπμ πεινάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διψῶντεςπαπνπμ διψάωV3 · παπνπμ διψάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ διψάω: meaning 'παπνπμ διψάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχὴψυχήN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχή: meaning 'ψυχή'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξέλιπενλείπω + ἐκVBI AAI3S · λείπω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλείπω + ἐκ: meaning 'λείπω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
6
καὶ ἐκέκραξαν πρὸς κύριον ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαι αὐτούς καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἀναγκῶν αὐτῶν ἐρρύσατο αὐτοὺς
Then they cried to the Lord in their affliction, and from their distresses he rescued them.
The first repeated pattern appears: distress, cry, and divine rescue.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκέκραξανκράζωVAI AAI3P · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκράζω: meaning 'κράζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θλίβεσθαιθλίβωV1 PMN · θλίβωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementθλίβω: meaning 'θλίβω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀναγκῶνἀνάγκηN1 GPF · ἀνάγκηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνάγκη: meaning 'ἀνάγκη'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐρρύσατοῥύομαιVAI AMI3S · ῥύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristῥύομαι: meaning 'ῥύομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
7
καὶ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς εἰς ὁδὸν εὐθεῖαν τοῦ πορευθῆναι εἰς πόλιν κατοικητηρίου
And he led them by a straight way, that they might go to a city for dwelling.
God answers lostness with directed guidance toward habitation.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡδήγησενὁδηγέωVAI AAI3S · ὁδηγέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὁδηγέω: meaning 'ὁδηγέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁδὸνὁδόςN2 ASF · ὁδόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁδός: meaning 'ὁδός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εὐθεῖανεὐθύςA3U ASF · εὐθύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐθύς: meaning 'εὐθύς'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πορευθῆναιπορεύομαιVC APN · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementπορεύομαι: meaning 'πορεύομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πόλινπόλιςN3I ASF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπόλις: meaning 'πόλις'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κατοικητηρίουκατοικητήριονN2N GSN · κατοικητήριονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκατοικητήριον: meaning 'κατοικητήριον'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
8
ἐξομολογησάσθωσαν τῷ κυρίῳ τὰ ἐλέη αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων
Let them give thanks to the Lord for his mercies and for his wonders to the sons of men,
The rescued are summoned to public thanksgiving for mercy and wonder.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐξομολογησάσθωσανὁμολογέω + ἐκVA AMD3P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'ὁμολογέω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέηmercyN3E APN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θαυμάσιαθαυμάσιοςA1A APN · θαυμάσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθαυμάσιος: meaning 'θαυμάσιος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςυἱόςN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'υἱός'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνθρώπωνἄνθρωποςN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'ἄνθρωπος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
9
ὅτι ἐχόρτασεν ψυχὴν κενὴν καὶ ψυχὴν πεινῶσαν ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν
because he satisfied the empty soul and filled the hungry soul with good things.
The first scene closes with God as the one who fills emptied lives.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐχόρτασενχορτάζωVAI AAI3S · χορτάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristχορτάζω: meaning 'χορτάζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ψυχὴνψυχήN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψυχή: meaning 'ψυχή'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κενὴνκενόςA1 ASF · κενόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκενός: meaning 'κενός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ψυχὴνψυχήN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψυχή: meaning 'ψυχή'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πεινῶσανπαπασφ πεινάωV3 · παπασφ πεινάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασφ πεινάω: meaning 'παπασφ πεινάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνέπλησενπίμπλημι + ἐνVAI AAI3S · πίμπλημι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπίμπλημι + ἐν: meaning 'πίμπλημι + ἐν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀγαθῶνἀγαθόςA1 GPM · ἀγαθόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀγαθός: meaning 'ἀγαθός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
10
καθημένους ἐν σκότει καὶ σκιᾷ θανάτου πεπεδημένους ἐν πτωχείᾳ καὶ σιδήρῳ
Those sitting in darkness and the shadow of death, bound in poverty and iron,
A second rescue tableau shifts from wandering to punitive confinement.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καθημένουςπμπαπμ ἧμαι + καταV5 · πμπαπμ ἧμαι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπαπμ ἧμαι + κατα: meaning 'πμπαπμ ἧμαι + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σκότεισκότοςN3E DSN · σκότοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσκότος: meaning 'σκότος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκιᾷσκιάN1A DSF · σκιάdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσκιά: meaning 'σκιά'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
θανάτουθάνατοςN2 GSM · θάνατοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθάνατος: meaning 'θάνατος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πεπεδημένουςχμπαπμ πεδάωVX · χμπαπμ πεδάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπμ πεδάω: meaning 'χμπαπμ πεδάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πτωχείᾳπτωχείαN1A DSF · πτωχείαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπτωχεία: meaning 'πτωχεία'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σιδήρῳσίδηροςN2 DSM · σίδηροςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσίδηρος: meaning 'σίδηρος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
11
ὅτι παρεπίκραναν τὰ λόγια τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τὴν βουλὴν τοῦ ὑψίστου παρώξυναν
because they rebelled against the words of God and provoked the counsel of the Most High,
Their chains are interpreted as the result of rebellion against God's words.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρεπίκρανανπικραίνω + παραVAI AAI3P · πικραίνω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπικραίνω + παρα: meaning 'πικραίνω + παρα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγιαwordsN2N APN · λόγιονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγιον: meaning 'words'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουλὴνβουλήN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβουλή: meaning 'βουλή'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑψίστουὕψιστοςA1 GSM · ὕψιστοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕψιστος: meaning 'ὕψιστος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
παρώξυνανὀξύνω + παραVAI AAI3P · ὀξύνω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὀξύνω + παρα: meaning 'ὀξύνω + παρα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
12
καὶ ἐταπεινώθη ἐν κόποις ἡ καρδία αὐτῶν ἠσθένησαν καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ βοηθῶν
and their heart was humbled with hardships; they grew weak, and there was no helper.
Human strength collapses under affliction when no earthly rescuer is found.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐταπεινώθηταπεινόωVCI API3S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristταπεινόω: meaning 'ταπεινόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κόποιςκόποςN2 DPM · κόποςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκόπος: meaning 'κόπος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίακαρδίαN1A NSF · καρδίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαρδία: meaning 'καρδία'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἠσθένησανἀσθενέωVAI AAI3P · ἀσθενέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀσθενέω: meaning 'ἀσθενέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦνεἰμίV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ participant referenceἦν: meaning 'εἰμί'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βοηθῶνπαπνσμ βοηθέωV2 · παπνσμ βοηθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ βοηθέω: meaning 'παπνσμ βοηθέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
13
καὶ ἐκέκραξαν πρὸς κύριον ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαι αὐτούς καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἀναγκῶν αὐτῶν ἔσωσεν αὐτοὺς
Then they cried to the Lord in their affliction, and from their distresses he saved them.
The refrain returns, showing the same mercy available even after rebellion.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκέκραξανκράζωVAI AAI3P · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκράζω: meaning 'κράζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θλίβεσθαιθλίβωV1 PMN · θλίβωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementθλίβω: meaning 'θλίβω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀναγκῶνἀνάγκηN1 GPF · ἀνάγκηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνάγκη: meaning 'ἀνάγκη'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔσωσενσώζωVAI AAI3S · σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσώζω: meaning 'σώζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
14
καὶ ἐξήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ἐκ σκότους καὶ σκιᾶς θανάτου καὶ τοὺς δεσμοὺς αὐτῶν διέρρηξεν
And he brought them out of darkness and the shadow of death and broke their bonds apart.
God turns the prison scene into a scene of release and emergence.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξήγαγενἄγω + ἐκVBI AAI3S · ἄγω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄγω + ἐκ: meaning 'ἄγω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σκότουςσκότοςN3E GSN · σκότοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκότος: meaning 'σκότος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκιᾶςσκιάN1A GSF · σκιάgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκιά: meaning 'σκιά'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
θανάτουθάνατοςN2 GSM · θάνατοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθάνατος: meaning 'θάνατος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεσμοὺςδεσμόςN2 APM · δεσμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδεσμός: meaning 'δεσμός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διέρρηξενῥήγνυμι + διαVAI AAI3S · ῥήγνυμι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristῥήγνυμι + δια: meaning 'ῥήγνυμι + δια'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
15
ἐξομολογησάσθωσαν τῷ κυρίῳ τὰ ἐλέη αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων
Let them give thanks to the Lord for his mercies and for his wonders to the sons of men,
The liberation of prisoners receives the same liturgical response of gratitude.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐξομολογησάσθωσανὁμολογέω + ἐκVA AMD3P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'ὁμολογέω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέηmercyN3E APN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θαυμάσιαθαυμάσιοςA1A APN · θαυμάσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθαυμάσιος: meaning 'θαυμάσιος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςυἱόςN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'υἱός'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνθρώπωνἄνθρωποςN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'ἄνθρωπος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
16
ὅτι συνέτριψεν πύλας χαλκᾶς καὶ μοχλοὺς σιδηροῦς συνέκλασεν
because he shattered bronze gates and broke iron bars.
The rescue is emphasized by the strength of what God destroys.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνέτριψεντρίβω + συνVAI AAI3S · τρίβω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτρίβω + συν: meaning 'τρίβω + συν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πύλαςπύληN1 APF · πύληaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπύλη: meaning 'πύλη'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
χαλκᾶςχαλκοῦςA1C APF · χαλκοῦςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχαλκοῦς: meaning 'χαλκοῦς'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μοχλοὺςμοχλόςN2 APM · μοχλόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμοχλός: meaning 'μοχλός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σιδηροῦςσιδηροῦςA1C APM · σιδηροῦςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσιδηροῦς: meaning 'σιδηροῦς'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
συνέκλασενκλάω + συνVAI AAI3S · κλάω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκλάω + συν: meaning 'κλάω + συν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
17
ἀντελάβετο αὐτῶν ἐξ ὁδοῦ ἀνομίας αὐτῶν διὰ γὰρ τὰς ἀνομίας αὐτῶν ἐταπεινώθησαν
He helped them out of the way of their lawlessness, for because of their lawless deeds they were humbled.
A third scene begins with sufferers whose misery grows from their own sinful course.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀντελάβετολαμβάνω + ἀντιVBI AMI3S · λαμβάνω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλαμβάνω + ἀντι: meaning 'λαμβάνω + ἀντι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁδοῦὁδόςN2 GSF · ὁδόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὁδός: meaning 'ὁδός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀνομίαςἀνομίαN1A GSF · ἀνομίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνομία: meaning 'ἀνομία'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γὰργάρX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'γάρ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνομίαςἀνομίαN1A APF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνομία: meaning 'ἀνομία'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐταπεινώθησανταπεινόωVCI API3P · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristταπεινόω: meaning 'ταπεινόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
18
πᾶν βρῶμα ἐβδελύξατο ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτῶν καὶ ἤγγισαν ἕως τῶν πυλῶν τοῦ θανάτου
Their soul abhorred every food, and they drew near even to the gates of death.
Their sickness becomes so severe that appetite and life itself ebb away.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
πᾶνπᾶςA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'πᾶς'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βρῶμαβρῶμαN3M ASN · βρῶμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβρῶμα: meaning 'βρῶμα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐβδελύξατοβδελύσσωVAI AMI3S · βδελύσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβδελύσσω: meaning 'βδελύσσω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχὴψυχήN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχή: meaning 'ψυχή'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἤγγισανἐγγίζωVAI AAI3P · ἐγγίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐγγίζω: meaning 'ἐγγίζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςἕωςP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'ἕως'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλῶνπύληN1 GPF · πύληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύλη: meaning 'πύλη'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θανάτουθάνατοςN2 GSM · θάνατοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθάνατος: meaning 'θάνατος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
19
καὶ ἐκέκραξαν πρὸς κύριον ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαι αὐτούς καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἀναγκῶν αὐτῶν ἔσωσεν αὐτούς
Then they cried to the Lord in their affliction, and from their distresses he saved them.
Again, the pivot comes when desperate sufferers turn to the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκέκραξανκράζωVAI AAI3P · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκράζω: meaning 'κράζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θλίβεσθαιθλίβωV1 PMN · θλίβωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementθλίβω: meaning 'θλίβω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀναγκῶνἀνάγκηN1 GPF · ἀνάγκηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνάγκη: meaning 'ἀνάγκη'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔσωσενσώζωVAI AAI3S · σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσώζω: meaning 'σώζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
20
ἀπέστειλεν τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἰάσατο αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐρρύσατο αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῶν διαφθορῶν αὐτῶν
He sent his word and healed them and rescued them from their destructions.
The divine word itself becomes the effective agent of healing and rescue.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἀπέστειλενστέλλω + ἀποVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristστέλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'στέλλω + ἀπο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰάσατοἰάομαιVAI AMI3S · ἰάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἰάομαι: meaning 'ἰάομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐρρύσατοῥύομαιVAI AMI3S · ῥύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristῥύομαι: meaning 'ῥύομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διαφθορῶνδιαφθοράN1A GPF · διαφθοράgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδιαφθορά: meaning 'διαφθορά'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
21
ἐξομολογησάσθωσαν τῷ κυρίῳ τὰ ἐλέη αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων
Let them give thanks to the Lord for his mercies and for his wonders to the sons of men,
The healed, like the other delivered groups, owe public thanksgiving.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐξομολογησάσθωσανὁμολογέω + ἐκVA AMD3P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'ὁμολογέω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέηmercyN3E APN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θαυμάσιαθαυμάσιοςA1A APN · θαυμάσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθαυμάσιος: meaning 'θαυμάσιος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςυἱόςN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'υἱός'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνθρώπωνἄνθρωποςN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'ἄνθρωπος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
22
καὶ θυσάτωσαν θυσίαν αἰνέσεως καὶ ἐξαγγειλάτωσαν τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει
and let them sacrifice a sacrifice of praise and proclaim his works with exultation.
Gratitude is to be embodied in worship and joyful testimony.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θυσάτωσανθύωVA AAD3P · θύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateθύω: meaning 'θύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θυσίανθυσίαN1A ASF · θυσίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυσία: meaning 'θυσία'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αἰνέσεωςαἴνεσιςN3I GSF · αἴνεσιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἴνεσις: meaning 'αἴνεσις'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξαγγειλάτωσανἀγγέλλω + ἐκVA AAD3P · ἀγγέλλω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀγγέλλω + ἐκ: meaning 'ἀγγέλλω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀγαλλιάσειἀγαλλίασιςN3I DSF · ἀγαλλίασιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀγαλλίασις: meaning 'ἀγαλλίασις'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
23
οἱ καταβαίνοντες εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν ἐν πλοίοις ποιοῦντες ἐργασίαν ἐν ὕδασι πολλοῖς
Those going down to the sea in ships, doing business in many waters,
The fourth rescue scene shifts to seafarers exposed to the deep.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταβαίνοντεςπαπνπμ βαίνω + καταV1 · παπνπμ βαίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ βαίνω + κατα: meaning 'παπνπμ βαίνω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θάλασσανθάλασσαN1S ASF · θάλασσαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθάλασσα: meaning 'θάλασσα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πλοίοιςπλοῖονN2N DPN · πλοῖονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπλοῖον: meaning 'πλοῖον'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ποιοῦντεςπαπνπμ ποιέωV2 · παπνπμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ποιέω: meaning 'παπνπμ ποιέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐργασίανἐργασίαN1A ASF · ἐργασίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐργασία: meaning 'ἐργασία'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὕδασιὕδωρN3T DPN · ὕδωρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὕδωρ: meaning 'ὕδωρ'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πολλοῖςπολύςA1 DPN · πολύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπολύς: meaning 'πολύς'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
24
αὐτοὶ εἴδοσαν τὰ ἔργα κυρίου καὶ τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ βυθῷ
these saw the works of the Lord and his wonders in the deep.
The sea becomes another theater for divine majesty and terror.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
αὐτοὶtheyRD NPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὶ: meaning 'they'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἴδοσανὁράωVBI AAI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὁράω: meaning 'ὁράω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θαυμάσιαθαυμάσιοςA1A APN · θαυμάσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθαυμάσιος: meaning 'θαυμάσιος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βυθῷβυθόςN2 DSM · βυθόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceβυθός: meaning 'βυθός'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
25
εἶπεν καὶ ἔστη πνεῦμα καταιγίδος καὶ ὑψώθη τὰ κύματα αὐτῆς
He spoke, and a storm wind arose, and its waves were lifted up.
The threatening storm is itself under God's command.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
εἶπενεἶπονVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'εἶπον'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστηἵστημιVHI AAI3S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'ἵστημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πνεῦμαπνεῦμαN3M NSN · πνεῦμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπνεῦμα: meaning 'πνεῦμα'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καταιγίδοςκαταιγίςN3D GSF · καταιγίςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαταιγίς: meaning 'καταιγίς'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψώθηὑψόωVCI API3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὑψόω: meaning 'ὑψόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύματακῦμαN3M NPN · κῦμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκῦμα: meaning 'κῦμα'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῆςheRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
26
ἀναβαίνουσιν ἕως τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ καταβαίνουσιν ἕως τῶν ἀβύσσων ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτῶν ἐν κακοῖς ἐτήκετο
They go up to the heavens and down to the depths; their soul melted away in evils.
The sailors are tossed to the edge of despair by the storm's violence.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἀναβαίνουσινβαίνω + ἀναV1 PAI3P · βαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'βαίνω + ἀνα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςἕωςP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'ἕως'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανῶνοὐρανόςN2 GPM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'οὐρανός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταβαίνουσινβαίνω + καταV1 PAI3P · βαίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβαίνω + κατα: meaning 'βαίνω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςἕωςP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'ἕως'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀβύσσωνἄβυσσοςN2 GPF · ἄβυσσοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄβυσσος: meaning 'ἄβυσσος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχὴψυχήN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχή: meaning 'ψυχή'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κακοῖςκακόςA1 DPM · κακόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκακός: meaning 'κακός'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐτήκετοτήκωV1I IMI3S · τήκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processτήκω: meaning 'τήκω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
27
ἐταράχθησαν ἐσαλεύθησαν ὡς ὁ μεθύων καὶ πᾶσα ἡ σοφία αὐτῶν κατεπόθη
They were troubled and reeled like a drunken man, and all their wisdom was swallowed up.
Skill and seamanship fail before divine power over the sea.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐταράχθησανταράσσωVQI API3P · ταράσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristταράσσω: meaning 'ταράσσω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐσαλεύθησανσαλεύωVCI API3P · σαλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσαλεύω: meaning 'σαλεύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡςasX · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μεθύωνπαπνσμ μεθύωV1 · παπνσμ μεθύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ μεθύω: meaning 'παπνσμ μεθύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶσαπᾶςA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'πᾶς'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σοφίασοφίαN1A NSF · σοφίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφία: meaning 'σοφία'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατεπόθηπίνω + καταVCI API3S · πίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπίνω + κατα: meaning 'πίνω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
28
καὶ ἐκέκραξαν πρὸς κύριον ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαι αὐτούς καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἀναγκῶν αὐτῶν ἐξήγαγεν αὐτοὺς
Then they cried to the Lord in their affliction, and from their distresses he brought them out.
The recurring rescue pattern reaches even those caught at sea.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκέκραξανκράζωVAI AAI3P · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκράζω: meaning 'κράζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θλίβεσθαιθλίβωV1 PMN · θλίβωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementθλίβω: meaning 'θλίβω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀναγκῶνἀνάγκηN1 GPF · ἀνάγκηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνάγκη: meaning 'ἀνάγκη'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξήγαγενἄγω + ἐκVBI AAI3S · ἄγω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄγω + ἐκ: meaning 'ἄγω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
29
καὶ ἐπέταξεν τῇ καταιγίδι καὶ ἔστη εἰς αὔραν καὶ ἐσίγησαν τὰ κύματα αὐτῆς
And he commanded the storm, and it stood into a breeze, and its waves were silenced.
The Lord who raised the storm also gentles it into calm.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπέταξεντάσσω + ἐπιVAI AAI3S · τάσσω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτάσσω + ἐπι: meaning 'τάσσω + ἐπι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταιγίδικαταιγίςN3D DSF · καταιγίςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαταιγίς: meaning 'καταιγίς'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστηἵστημιVHI AAI3S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'ἵστημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὔραναὔραN1A ASF · αὔραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαὔρα: meaning 'αὔρα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐσίγησανσιγάωVAI AAI3P · σιγάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσιγάω: meaning 'σιγάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύματακῦμαN3M APN · κῦμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκῦμα: meaning 'κῦμα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςheRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
30
καὶ εὐφράνθησαν ὅτι ἡσύχασαν καὶ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ λιμένα θελήματος αὐτῶν
And they were glad because they had become quiet, and he led them to the harbor of their desire.
Deliverance ends not merely in survival but in safe arrival.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐφράνθησανεὐφραίνωVC API3P · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐφραίνω: meaning 'εὐφραίνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡσύχασανἡσυχάζωVA AAI3P · ἡσυχάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἡσυχάζω: meaning 'ἡσυχάζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡδήγησενὁδηγέωVAI AAI3S · ὁδηγέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὁδηγέω: meaning 'ὁδηγέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λιμέναλιμήνN3 ASM · λιμήνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλιμήν: meaning 'λιμήν'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
θελήματοςθέλημαN3M GSN · θέλημαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθέλημα: meaning 'θέλημα'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
31
ἐξομολογησάσθωσαν τῷ κυρίῳ τὰ ἐλέη αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων
Let them give thanks to the Lord for his mercies and for his wonders to the sons of men,
The seafarers join the same chorus of grateful confession.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐξομολογησάσθωσανὁμολογέω + ἐκVA AMD3P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'ὁμολογέω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέηmercyN3E APN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θαυμάσιαθαυμάσιοςA1A APN · θαυμάσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθαυμάσιος: meaning 'θαυμάσιος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςυἱόςN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'υἱός'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνθρώπωνἄνθρωποςN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'ἄνθρωπος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
32
ὑψωσάτωσαν αὐτὸν ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ λαοῦ καὶ ἐν καθέδρᾳ πρεσβυτέρων αἰνεσάτωσαν αὐτόν
Let them exalt him in the assembly of the people and praise him in the seat of the elders.
Private rescue calls for corporate, civic praise among the gathered people.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὑψωσάτωσανὑψόωVA AAD3P · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὑψόω: meaning 'ὑψόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐκκλησίᾳἐκκλησίαN1A DSF · ἐκκλησίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐκκλησία: meaning 'ἐκκλησία'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
λαοῦλαόςN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'λαός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καθέδρᾳκαθέδραN1A DSF · καθέδραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαθέδρα: meaning 'καθέδρα'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πρεσβυτέρωνπρεσβύτεροςN2 GPM · πρεσβύτεροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρεσβύτερος: meaning 'πρεσβύτερος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αἰνεσάτωσαναἰνέωVA AAD3P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'αἰνέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνheRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
33
ἔθετο ποταμοὺς εἰς ἔρημον καὶ διεξόδους ὑδάτων εἰς δίψαν
He turned rivers into a wilderness and outlets of waters into thirst,
The psalm broadens into cosmic and political reversal under God's rule.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἔθετοτίθημιVEI AMI3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'τίθημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ποταμοὺςποταμόςN2 APM · ποταμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationποταμός: meaning 'ποταμός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἔρημονἔρημοςN2 ASF · ἔρημοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔρημος: meaning 'ἔρημος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διεξόδουςδιέξοδοςN2 APF · διέξοδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδιέξοδος: meaning 'διέξοδος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑδάτωνὕδωρN3T GPN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'ὕδωρ'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δίψανδίψαN1S ASF · δίψαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδίψα: meaning 'δίψα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
34
γῆν καρποφόρον εἰς ἅλμην ἀπὸ κακίας τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν αὐτῇ
a fruitful land into salt flats, because of the wickedness of those who dwell in it.
Human wickedness can turn abundance into barrenness under God.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καρποφόρονκαρποφόροςA1B ASF · καρποφόροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρποφόρος: meaning 'καρποφόρος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἅλμηνἅλμηN1 ASF · ἅλμηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅλμη: meaning 'ἅλμη'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κακίαςκακίαN1A GSF · κακίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκακία: meaning 'κακία'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατοικούντωνπαπγπμ οἰκέω + καταV2 · παπγπμ οἰκέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγπμ οἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'παπγπμ οἰκέω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
35
ἔθετο ἔρημον εἰς λίμνας ὑδάτων καὶ γῆν ἄνυδρον εἰς διεξόδους ὑδάτων
He turned a wilderness into pools of waters and dry land into outlets of waters.
The reversals are not only punitive; God can also make deserts fruitful.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἔθετοτίθημιVEI AMI3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'τίθημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔρημονἔρημοςN2 ASF · ἔρημοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔρημος: meaning 'ἔρημος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λίμναςλίμνηN1 APF · λίμνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλίμνη: meaning 'λίμνη'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑδάτωνὕδωρN3T GPN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'ὕδωρ'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἄνυδρονἄνυδροςA1B ASF · ἄνυδροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄνυδρος: meaning 'ἄνυδρος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
διεξόδουςδιέξοδοςN2 APF · διέξοδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδιέξοδος: meaning 'διέξοδος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑδάτωνὕδωρN3T GPN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'ὕδωρ'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
36
καὶ κατῴκισεν ἐκεῖ πεινῶντας καὶ συνεστήσαντο πόλιν κατοικεσίας
And there he settled the hungry, and they founded a city for dwelling.
The Lord gives social stability and settlement to the needy.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατῴκισενοἰκίζω + καταVAI AAI3S · οἰκίζω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristοἰκίζω + κατα: meaning 'οἰκίζω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκεῖἐκεῖD · ἐκεῖadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖ: meaning 'ἐκεῖ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πεινῶνταςπαπαπμ πεινάωV3 · παπαπμ πεινάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπαπμ πεινάω: meaning 'παπαπμ πεινάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνεστήσαντοἵστημι + συνVAI AMI3P · ἵστημι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + συν: meaning 'ἵστημι + συν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πόλινπόλιςN3I ASF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπόλις: meaning 'πόλις'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κατοικεσίαςκατοικεσίαN1A GSF · κατοικεσίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκατοικεσία: meaning 'κατοικεσία'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
37
καὶ ἔσπειραν ἀγροὺς καὶ ἐφύτευσαν ἀμπελῶνας καὶ ἐποίησαν καρπὸν γενήματος
And they sowed fields and planted vineyards and produced fruit of increase.
Under divine favor, ordinary labor yields abundance.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσπειρανσπεῖραN1A ASF · σπεῖραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσπεῖρα: meaning 'σπεῖρα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀγροὺςἀγρόςN2 APM · ἀγρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀγρός: meaning 'ἀγρός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐφύτευσανφυτεύωVAI AAI3P · φυτεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφυτεύω: meaning 'φυτεύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀμπελῶναςἀμπελώνN3W APM · ἀμπελώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀμπελών: meaning 'ἀμπελών'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησανποιέωVAI AAI3P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'ποιέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καρπὸνκαρπόςN2 ASM · καρπόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρπός: meaning 'καρπός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
γενήματοςγένημαN3M GSN · γένημαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγένημα: meaning 'γένημα'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
38
καὶ εὐλόγησεν αὐτούς καὶ ἐπληθύνθησαν σφόδρα καὶ τὰ κτήνη αὐτῶν οὐκ ἐσμίκρυνεν
And he blessed them, and they were multiplied greatly, and he did not make their cattle few.
The scene portrays covenant-like fruitfulness in people and livestock.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐλόγησενεὐλογέωVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐλογέω: meaning 'εὐλογέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπληθύνθησανπληθύνωVCI API3P · πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπληθύνω: meaning 'πληθύνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σφόδρασφόδραD · σφόδραadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: meaning 'σφόδρα'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κτήνηκτῆνοςN3E APN · κτῆνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκτῆνος: meaning 'κτῆνος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐσμίκρυνενσμικρύνωVAI AAI3S · σμικρύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσμικρύνω: meaning 'σμικρύνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
39
καὶ ὠλιγώθησαν καὶ ἐκακώθησαν ἀπὸ θλίψεως κακῶν καὶ ὀδύνης
And they were diminished and brought low because of affliction, troubles, and pain.
Prosperity too can be reversed when affliction descends.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὠλιγώθησανὀλιγόωVCI API3P · ὀλιγόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὀλιγόω: meaning 'ὀλιγόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκακώθησανκακόωVCI API3P · κακόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκακόω: meaning 'κακόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θλίψεωςθλῖψιςN3I GSF · θλῖψιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθλῖψις: meaning 'θλῖψις'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κακῶνκακόςA1 GPM · κακόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκακός: meaning 'κακός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀδύνηςὀδύνηN1 GSF · ὀδύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὀδύνη: meaning 'ὀδύνη'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
40
ἐξεχύθη ἐξουδένωσις ἐπ' ἄρχοντας καὶ ἐπλάνησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν ἀβάτῳ καὶ οὐχ ὁδῷ
Contempt was poured out upon rulers, and he made them wander in a trackless waste and not on a road.
God strips proud leaders of direction and honor.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐξεχύθηχέω + ἐκVCI API3S · χέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristχέω + ἐκ: meaning 'χέω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐξουδένωσιςἐξουδένωσιςN3I NSF · ἐξουδένωσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐξουδένωσις: meaning 'ἐξουδένωσις'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπ'ἐπίP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'ἐπί'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἄρχονταςἄρχωνN3 APM · ἄρχωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄρχων: meaning 'ἄρχων'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπλάνησενπλανάωVAI AAI3S · πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπλανάω: meaning 'πλανάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςheRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀβάτῳἄβατοςA1B DSM · ἄβατοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἄβατος: meaning 'ἄβατος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁδῷὁδόςN2 DSF · ὁδόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὁδός: meaning 'ὁδός'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
41
καὶ ἐβοήθησεν πένητι ἐκ πτωχείας καὶ ἔθετο ὡς πρόβατα πατριάς
And he helped the poor out of poverty and made families like sheep.
By contrast, the weak are raised and multiplied under God's care.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐβοήθησενβοηθέωVAI AAI3S · βοηθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβοηθέω: meaning 'βοηθέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πένητιπένηςN3T DSM · πένηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπένης: meaning 'πένης'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πτωχείαςπτωχείαN1A GSF · πτωχείαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπτωχεία: meaning 'πτωχεία'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔθετοτίθημιVEI AMI3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'τίθημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡςasX · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρόβαταπρόβατονN2N APN · πρόβατονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόβατον: meaning 'πρόβατον'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πατριάςπατριάN1A APF · πατριάaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπατριά: meaning 'πατριά'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
42
ὄψονται εὐθεῖς καὶ εὐφρανθήσονται καὶ πᾶσα ἀνομία ἐμφράξει τὸ στόμα αὐτῆς
The upright will see and rejoice, and all lawlessness will stop its mouth.
The righteous learn joy from these reversals, while evil loses its voice.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὄψονταιὁράωVF FMI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'ὁράω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εὐθεῖςεὐθύςA3U NPM · εὐθύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὐθύς: meaning 'εὐθύς'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐφρανθήσονταιεὐφραίνωVC FPI3P · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὐφραίνω: meaning 'εὐφραίνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶσαπᾶςA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'πᾶς'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνομίαἀνομίαN1A NSF · ἀνομίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνομία: meaning 'ἀνομία'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐμφράξειφράσσω + ἐνVF FAI3S · φράσσω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφράσσω + ἐν: meaning 'φράσσω + ἐν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στόμαστόμαN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστόμα: meaning 'στόμα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςheRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
43
τίς σοφὸς καὶ φυλάξει ταῦτα καὶ συνήσουσιν τὰ ἐλέη τοῦ κυρίου
Who is wise and will keep these things? And they will understand the mercies of the Lord.
The psalm closes by inviting discernment: wisdom consists in reading history through the Lord's mercies.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τίςτίςRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'τίς'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σοφὸςσοφόςA1 NSM · σοφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφός: meaning 'σοφός'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φυλάξειφυλάσσωVF FAI3S · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφυλάσσω: meaning 'φυλάσσω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ταῦταοὗτοςRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'οὗτος'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνήσουσινἵημι + συνVF FAI3P · ἵημι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵημι + συν: meaning 'ἵημι + συν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέηmercyN3E APN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.