1
αλληλουια μακάριος ἀνὴρ ὁ φοβούμενος τὸν κύριον ἐν ταῖς ἐντολαῖς αὐτοῦ θελήσει σφόδρα
Hallelujah. Blessed is the man who fears the Lord; he will delight greatly in his commandments.
The psalm begins with a beatitude that defines blessedness by reverent fear and eager delight in the Lord's commands.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
αλληλουιαhallelujahI ALLHLOUIAadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastαλληλουια: meaning 'hallelujah'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μακάριοςblessedA1A NSM · μακάριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμακάριος: meaning 'blessed'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φοβούμενοςπμπνσμ φοβέωV2 · πμπνσμ φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ φοβέω: meaning 'πμπνσμ φοβέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐντολαῖςcommandmentN1 DPF · ἐντολήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐντολή: meaning 'commandment'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θελήσειwantVF FAI3S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureθέλω: meaning 'want'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σφόδραgreatlyD · σφόδραadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: meaning 'greatly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
2
δυνατὸν ἐν τῇ γῇ ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ γενεὰ εὐθείων εὐλογηθήσεται
His offspring will be mighty in the earth; the generation of the upright will be blessed.
The fear of the Lord bears outward fruit in a strong and blessed succeeding generation.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
δυνατὸνδυνατόςA1 ASM · δυνατόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδυνατός: meaning 'δυνατός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῇearthN1 DSF · γῆdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔσταιbeVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σπέρμαoffspringN3M NSN · σπέρμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσπέρμα: meaning 'offspring'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γενεὰgenerationN1A NSF · γενεάnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγενεά: meaning 'generation'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εὐθείωνuprightA3U GPF · εὐθύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationεὐθύς: meaning 'upright'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εὐλογηθήσεταιblessVC FPI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὐλογέω: meaning 'bless'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
3
δόξα καὶ πλοῦτος ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ δικαιοσύνη αὐτοῦ μένει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος
Glory and wealth are in his house, and his righteousness remains into the age of the age.
Material stability is paired with a righteousness that outlasts passing circumstances.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πλοῦτοςwealthN2 NSM · πλοῦτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπλοῦτος: meaning 'wealth'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηrighteousnessN1 NSF · δικαιοσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μένειremainV1 PAI3S · μένωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processμένω: meaning 'remain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶνοςageN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
4
ἐξανέτειλεν ἐν σκότει φῶς τοῖς εὐθέσιν ἐλεήμων καὶ οἰκτίρμων καὶ δίκαιος
Light arose in darkness for the upright; he is merciful and compassionate and righteous.
Even darkness does not cancel the blessed life, because light rises and the righteous person reflects merciful character.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐξανέτειλεντέλλω + ἐκ + ἀναVAI AAI3S · τέλλω + ἐκ + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτέλλω + ἐκ + ἀνα: meaning 'τέλλω + ἐκ + ἀνα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σκότειdarknessN3E DSN · σκότοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσκότος: meaning 'darkness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
φῶςlightN3T ASN · φῶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐθέσινuprightA3U DPM · εὐθύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεὐθύς: meaning 'upright'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐλεήμωνmercifulA3N NSM · ἐλεήμωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐλεήμων: meaning 'merciful'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἰκτίρμωνcompassionateA3N NSM · οἰκτίρμωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοἰκτίρμων: meaning 'compassionate'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
5
χρηστὸς ἀνὴρ ὁ οἰκτίρων καὶ κιχρῶν οἰκονομήσει τοὺς λόγους αὐτοῦ ἐν κρίσει
A good man is one who shows compassion and lends; he will manage his matters with judgment.
The blessed man's goodness appears in practical generosity and careful ordering of affairs.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
χρηστὸςgoodA1 NSM · χρηστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχρηστός: meaning 'good'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἰκτίρωνπαπνσμ οἰκτείρωV1 · παπνσμ οἰκτείρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ οἰκτείρω: meaning 'παπνσμ οἰκτείρω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κιχρῶνπαπνσμ κιχράωV3 · παπνσμ κιχράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ κιχράω: meaning 'παπνσμ κιχράω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἰκονομήσειmanageVF FAI3S · οἰκονομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοἰκονομέω: meaning 'manage'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγουςmatterN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'matter'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κρίσειjudgmentN3I DSF · κρίσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκρίσις: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
6
ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα οὐ σαλευθήσεται εἰς μνημόσυνον αἰώνιον ἔσται δίκαιος
For he will never be shaken; the righteous will be for everlasting remembrance.
The psalm explains that such a life has enduring firmness and an abiding memory.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σαλευθήσεταιshakeVC FPI3S · σαλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσαλεύω: meaning 'shake'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μνημόσυνονmemoryN2N ASN · μνημόσυνονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμνημόσυνον: meaning 'memory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αἰώνιονeternalA1B ASM · αἰώνιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰώνιος: meaning 'eternal'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔσταιbeVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
7
ἀπὸ ἀκοῆς πονηρᾶς οὐ φοβηθήσεται ἑτοίμη ἡ καρδία αὐτοῦ ἐλπίζειν ἐπὶ κύριον
He will not be afraid of an evil report; his heart is ready to hope in the Lord.
Because the heart is prepared in trust, bad reports do not master the righteous person.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀκοῆςreportN1 GSF · ἀκοήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀκοή: meaning 'report'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πονηρᾶςevilA1A GSF · πονηρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπονηρός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φοβηθήσεταιφοβέωVC FPI3S · φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφοβέω: meaning 'φοβέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἑτοίμηἕτοιμοςA1 NSF · ἕτοιμοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἕτοιμος: meaning 'ἕτοιμος'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίαheartN1A NSF · καρδίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐλπίζεινhopeV1 PAN · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἐλπίζω: meaning 'hope'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶἐπίP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'ἐπί'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
8
ἐστήρικται ἡ καρδία αὐτοῦ οὐ μὴ φοβηθῇ ἕως οὗ ἐπίδῃ ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτοῦ
His heart is established; he will not fear until he looks upon his enemies.
The fixed heart gives the righteous patience and courage until the threat has passed.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐστήρικταιestablishVKI XMI3S · στηρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateστηρίζω: meaning 'establish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίαheartN1A NSF · καρδίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φοβηθῇφοβέωVC APS3S · φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyφοβέω: meaning 'φοβέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οὗwhoRR GSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationοὗ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπίδῃδέω + ἐπιV2 PAS3S · δέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδέω + ἐπι: meaning 'δέω + ἐπι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶἐπίP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'ἐπί'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐχθροὺςenemyN2 APM · ἐχθρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
ἐσκόρπισεν ἔδωκεν τοῖς πένησιν ἡ δικαιοσύνη αὐτοῦ μένει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος τὸ κέρας αὐτοῦ ὑψωθήσεται ἐν δόξῃ
He scattered, he gave to the poor; his righteousness remains into the age of the age; his horn will be exalted in glory.
The righteous person's liberality toward the poor is linked to lasting righteousness and public honor.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἐσκόρπισενscatterVAI AAI3S · σκορπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσκορπίζω: meaning 'scatter'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πένησινpoorN3T DPM · πένηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπένης: meaning 'poor'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηrighteousnessN1 NSF · δικαιοσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μένειremainV1 PAI3S · μένωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processμένω: meaning 'remain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶνοςageN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κέραςhornN3T ASN · κέραςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέρας: meaning 'horn'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὑψωθήσεταιlift upVC FPI3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὑψόω: meaning 'lift up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δόξῃgloryN1S DSF · δόξαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
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ἁμαρτωλὸς ὄψεται καὶ ὀργισθήσεται τοὺς ὀδόντας αὐτοῦ βρύξει καὶ τακήσεται ἐπιθυμία ἁμαρτωλῶν ἀπολεῖται
A sinner will see and be angry; he will gnash his teeth and melt away; the desire of sinners will perish.
The psalm ends by showing the wicked unable to share in the righteous person's honor, reduced instead to rage and vanishing desire.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἁμαρτωλὸςsinnerA1B NSM · ἁμαρτωλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὄψεταιseeVF FMI3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀργισθήσεταιὀργίζωVS FPI3S · ὀργίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὀργίζω: meaning 'ὀργίζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀδόνταςtoothN3 APM · ὀδούςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀδούς: meaning 'tooth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦαὐτόςRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'αὐτός'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
βρύξειgnashVF FAI3S · βρύχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureβρύχω: meaning 'gnash'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τακήσεταιmeltVF FMI3S · τήκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureτήκω: meaning 'melt'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπιθυμίαdesireN1A NSF · ἐπιθυμίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐπιθυμία: meaning 'desire'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἁμαρτωλῶνsinnerA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀπολεῖταιὀλλύω + ἀποVF2 FMI3S · ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'ὀλλύω + ἀπο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.