1
ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαυιδ κύριε ἐκέκραξα πρὸς σέ εἰσάκουσόν μου πρόσχες τῇ φωνῇ τῆς δεήσεώς μου ἐν τῷ κεκραγέναι με πρὸς σέ
A psalm for David. O Lord, I cried to you; hear me. Attend to the voice of my supplication when I cry to you.
The psalm opens with urgent appeal for immediate divine attention to prayer.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ψαλμὸςpsalmN2 NSM · ψαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψαλμός: meaning 'psalm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΔαυιδΔαυίδN DSM · Δαυίδadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΔαυιδ: meaning 'Δαυίδ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ἐκέκραξακράζωVAI AAI1S · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκράζω: meaning 'κράζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σέyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσέ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰσάκουσόνἀκούω + εἰςVA AAD2S · ἀκούω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'ἀκούω + εἰς'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πρόσχεςἔχω + προςVB AAD2S · ἔχω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἔχω + προς: meaning 'ἔχω + προς'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωνῇwith voiceN1 DSF · φωνήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφωνή: meaning 'with voice'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεήσεώςδέησιςN3I GSF · δέησιςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδέησις: meaning 'δέησις'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεκραγέναικράζωVX XAN · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementκράζω: meaning 'κράζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σέyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσέ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
2
κατευθυνθήτω ἡ προσευχή μου ὡς θυμίαμα ἐνώπιόν σου ἔπαρσις τῶν χειρῶν μου θυσία ἑσπερινή
Let my prayer be directed like incense before you, the lifting up of my hands as an evening sacrifice.
Prayer is offered as priestly worship rising acceptably before God.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
κατευθυνθήτωεὐθύνω + καταVC APD3S · εὐθύνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεὐθύνω + κατα: meaning 'εὐθύνω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσευχήprayerN1 NSF · προσευχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπροσευχή: meaning 'prayer'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θυμίαμαθυμίαμαN3M NSN · θυμίαμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθυμίαμα: meaning 'θυμίαμα'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνώπιόνἐνώπιονP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιόν: meaning 'ἐνώπιον'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔπαρσιςἔπαρσιςN3I NSF · ἔπαρσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔπαρσις: meaning 'ἔπαρσις'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χειρῶνχείρN3 GPF · χείρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχείρ: meaning 'χείρ'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θυσίαθυσίαN1A NSF · θυσίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθυσία: meaning 'θυσία'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἑσπερινήἑσπερινόςA1 NSF · ἑσπερινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἑσπερινός: meaning 'ἑσπερινός'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
3
θοῦ κύριε φυλακὴν τῷ στόματί μου καὶ θύραν περιοχῆς περὶ τὰ χείλη μου
Set a guard, O Lord, over my mouth, and a door of enclosure around my lips.
The speaker first fears his own tongue and asks God to govern it.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
θοῦτίθημιVE AMD2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateτίθημι: meaning 'τίθημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
φυλακὴνφυλακήN1 ASF · φυλακήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφυλακή: meaning 'φυλακή'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στόματίστόμαN3M DSN · στόμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceστόμα: meaning 'στόμα'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θύρανθύραN1A ASF · θύραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθύρα: meaning 'θύρα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
περιοχῆςπεριοχήN1 GSF · περιοχήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπεριοχή: meaning 'περιοχή'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
περὶaroundP · περίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπερὶ: meaning 'around'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χείληlipsN3E APN · χεῖλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχεῖλος: meaning 'lips'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
4
μὴ ἐκκλίνῃς τὴν καρδίαν μου εἰς λόγους πονηρίας τοῦ προφασίζεσθαι προφάσεις ἐν ἁμαρτίαις σὺν ἀνθρώποις ἐργαζομένοις ἀνομίαν καὶ οὐ μὴ συνδυάσω μετὰ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν αὐτῶν
Do not incline my heart to evil words, to devise excuses in sins with men who work lawlessness, and may I never join myself with their chosen things.
The prayer broadens from lips to inward inclination, rejecting complicity with evil company.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκκλίνῃςκλίνω + ἐκV1 PAS2S · κλίνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκλίνω + ἐκ: meaning 'κλίνω + ἐκ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λόγουςλόγοςN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'λόγος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πονηρίαςπονηρίαN1A GSF · πονηρίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπονηρία: meaning 'πονηρία'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προφασίζεσθαιφασίζω + προV1 PMN · φασίζω + προverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementφασίζω + προ: meaning 'φασίζω + προ'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
προφάσειςπρόφασιςN3I APF · πρόφασιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόφασις: meaning 'πρόφασις'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἁμαρτίαιςἁμαρτίαN1A DPF · ἁμαρτίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἁμαρτία: meaning 'ἁμαρτία'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σὺνσύνP · σύνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingσὺν: meaning 'σύν'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀνθρώποιςἄνθρωποςN2 DPM · ἄνθρωποςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἄνθρωπος: meaning 'ἄνθρωπος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐργαζομένοιςπμπδπμ ἐργάζομαιV1 · πμπδπμ ἐργάζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπδπμ ἐργάζομαι: meaning 'πμπδπμ ἐργάζομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνομίανἀνομίαN1A ASF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνομία: meaning 'ἀνομία'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνδυάσωδυάζω + συνVF2 FAI1S · δυάζω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδυάζω + συν: meaning 'δυάζω + συν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκλεκτῶνἐκλεκτόςA1 GPM · ἐκλεκτόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἐκλεκτός: meaning 'ἐκλεκτός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRP GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
παιδεύσει με δίκαιος ἐν ἐλέει καὶ ἐλέγξει με ἔλαιον δὲ ἁμαρτωλοῦ μὴ λιπανάτω τὴν κεφαλήν μου ὅτι ἔτι καὶ ἡ προσευχή μου ἐν ταῖς εὐδοκίαις αὐτῶν
A righteous man will discipline me in mercy and rebuke me, but the oil of a sinner must not anoint my head, for even my prayer is against their pleasures.
The psalmist chooses faithful correction over the flattering comforts of the wicked.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
παιδεύσειπαιδεύωVF FAI3S · παιδεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπαιδεύω: meaning 'παιδεύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐλέειmercyN3E DSN · ἔλεοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλέγξειἐλέγχωVF FAI3S · ἐλέγχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐλέγχω: meaning 'ἐλέγχω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔλαιονἔλαιονN2N NSN · ἔλαιονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔλαιον: meaning 'ἔλαιον'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲδέX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'δέ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁμαρτωλοῦἁμαρτωλόςA1B GSM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'ἁμαρτωλός'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λιπανάτωλιπαίνωVZ AAD3S · λιπαίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateλιπαίνω: meaning 'λιπαίνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεφαλήνκεφαλήN1 ASF · κεφαλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκεφαλή: meaning 'κεφαλή'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτιἔτιD · ἔτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἔτι: meaning 'ἔτι'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσευχήprayerN1 NSF · προσευχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπροσευχή: meaning 'prayer'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐδοκίαιςεὐδοκίαN1A DPF · εὐδοκίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεὐδοκία: meaning 'εὐδοκία'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνtheirRP GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
6
κατεπόθησαν ἐχόμενα πέτρας οἱ κριταὶ αὐτῶν ἀκούσονται τὰ ῥήματά μου ὅτι ἡδύνθησαν
Their judges were swallowed up beside the rock; they will hear my words, for they were sweet.
The fate of hostile leaders is contrasted with the enduring value of the psalmist's words.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
κατεπόθησανπίνω + καταVCI API3P · πίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπίνω + κατα: meaning 'πίνω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐχόμεναπμπαπν ἔχωV1 · πμπαπν ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπαπν ἔχω: meaning 'πμπαπν ἔχω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πέτραςπέτραN1A GSF · πέτραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπέτρα: meaning 'πέτρα'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κριταὶκριτήςN1M NPM · κριτήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκριτής: meaning 'κριτής'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRP GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀκούσονταιἀκούωVF FMI3P · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀκούω: meaning 'ἀκούω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥήματάῥῆμαN3M APN · ῥῆμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationῥῆμα: meaning 'ῥῆμα'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡδύνθησανἡδύνωVC API3P · ἡδύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἡδύνω: meaning 'ἡδύνω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
ὡσεὶ πάχος γῆς διερράγη ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς διεσκορπίσθη τὰ ὀστᾶ ἡμῶν παρὰ τὸν ᾅδην
As a clod of earth is broken on the ground, our bones were scattered beside Hades.
The speaker names the community's shattered condition in grave, bodily imagery.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὡσεὶlikeD · ὡσείadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάχοςπάχοςN2 NSM · πάχοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπάχος: meaning 'πάχος'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
διερράγηῥήγνυμι + διαVDI API3S · ῥήγνυμι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristῥήγνυμι + δια: meaning 'ῥήγνυμι + δια'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶἐπίP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'ἐπί'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
διεσκορπίσθησκορπίζω + διαVCI API3S · σκορπίζω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσκορπίζω + δια: meaning 'σκορπίζω + δια'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀστᾶὀστέονN2N APN · ὀστέονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀστέον: meaning 'ὀστέον'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
παρὰbesideP · παράpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: meaning 'beside'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ᾅδηνᾅδηςN1M ASM · ᾅδηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationᾅδης: meaning 'ᾅδης'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
8
ὅτι πρὸς σέ κύριε κύριε οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου ἐπὶ σὲ ἤλπισα μὴ ἀντανέλῃς τὴν ψυχήν μου
For to you, O Lord, Lord, are my eyes; in you I hoped; do not take away my soul.
Despite ruin, the psalmist's attention and hope remain fixed on God.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σέyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσέ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμοίὀφθαλμόςN2 NPM · ὀφθαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀφθαλμός: meaning 'ὀφθαλμός'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶἐπίP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'ἐπί'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σὲyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσὲ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἤλπισαἐλπίζωVAI AAI1S · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐλπίζω: meaning 'ἐλπίζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀντανέλῃςἔρχομαι + ἀντι ἀναVD APS2S · ἔρχομαι + ἀντι ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι + ἀντι ἀνα: meaning 'ἔρχομαι + ἀντι ἀνα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
φύλαξόν με ἀπὸ παγίδος ἧς συνεστήσαντό μοι καὶ ἀπὸ σκανδάλων τῶν ἐργαζομένων τὴν ἀνομίαν
Guard me from the snare they set for me and from the stumbling blocks of those who work lawlessness.
The petition returns to enemy traps, now asking direct preservation.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
φύλαξόνφυλάσσωVA AAD2S · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateφυλάσσω: meaning 'φυλάσσω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παγίδοςπαγίςN3D GSF · παγίςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπαγίς: meaning 'παγίς'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἧςὅςRR GSF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἧς: meaning 'ὅς'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
συνεστήσαντόἵστημι + συνVAI AMI3P · ἵστημι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + συν: meaning 'ἵστημι + συν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σκανδάλωνσκάνδαλονN2N GPN · σκάνδαλονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκάνδαλον: meaning 'σκάνδαλον'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐργαζομένωνπμπγπμ ἐργάζομαιV1 · πμπγπμ ἐργάζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπγπμ ἐργάζομαι: meaning 'πμπγπμ ἐργάζομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνομίανἀνομίαN1A ASF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνομία: meaning 'ἀνομία'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
10
πεσοῦνται ἐν ἀμφιβλήστρῳ αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτωλοί κατὰ μόνας εἰμὶ ἐγὼ ἕως οὗ ἂν παρέλθω
Sinners will fall into their own net; I am alone until I pass by.
The close asks for ironic reversal: the wicked ensnared by their own devices while the psalmist passes through.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
πεσοῦνταιπίπτωVF2 FMI3P · πίπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίπτω: meaning 'πίπτω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀμφιβλήστρῳἀμφίβληστρονN2N DSN · ἀμφίβληστρονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀμφίβληστρον: meaning 'ἀμφίβληστρον'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἁμαρτωλοίἁμαρτωλόςA1B NPM · ἁμαρτωλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'ἁμαρτωλός'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κατὰκατάP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'κατά'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μόναςμόνοςA1 APF · μόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμόνος: meaning 'μόνος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰμὶεἰμίV9 PAI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'εἰμί'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οὗὅςRR GSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationοὗ: meaning 'ὅς'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἂνἄνX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ἄν'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρέλθωἔρχομαι + παραVB AAS1S · ἔρχομαι + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι + παρα: meaning 'ἔρχομαι + παρα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.