1
αλληλουια Αγγαιου καὶ Ζαχαριου αἰνεῖτε τὸν κύριον ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ὑψίστοις
Hallelujah. Praise the Lord from the heavens; praise him in the highest places.
The hymn begins at the top of creation, summoning praise from the heavenly realms.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
αλληλουιαhallelujahI ALLHLOUIAadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastαλληλουια: meaning 'hallelujah'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
Αγγαιουof HaggaiN1T GSM · Αγγαιαςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationΑγγαιου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
Ζαχαριουof ZechariahN1T GSM · Ζαχαριαςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationΖαχαριου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐκἐκP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'ἐκ'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνὁRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανῶνheavenN2 GPM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνheRP ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνἐνP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'ἐν'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςὁRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑψίστοιςὕψιστοςA1 DPM · ὕψιστοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὕψιστος: meaning 'ὕψιστος'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
2
αἰνεῖτε αὐτόν πάντες οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτοῦ αἰνεῖτε αὐτόν πᾶσαι αἱ δυνάμεις αὐτοῦ
Praise him, all his angels; praise him, all his powers.
The first voices called are the angelic servants and powers that surround the throne.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνheRP ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱὁRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄγγελοιangelN2 NPM · ἄγγελοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄγγελος: meaning 'angel'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνheRP ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πᾶσαιallA1S NPF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αἱὁRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνάμειςpowerN3I NPF · δύναμιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδύναμις: meaning 'power'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
αἰνεῖτε αὐτόν ἥλιος καὶ σελήνη αἰνεῖτε αὐτόν πάντα τὰ ἄστρα καὶ τὸ φῶς
Praise him, sun and moon; praise him, all the stars and the light.
The visible rulers of the sky are gathered into the same act of praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνheRP ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἥλιοςsunN2 NSM · ἥλιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἥλιος: meaning 'sun'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σελήνηmoonN1 NSF · σελήνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσελήνη: meaning 'moon'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνheRP ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὰὁRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄστραstarN2N NPN · ἄστρονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄστρον: meaning 'star'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸὁRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
4
αἰνεῖτε αὐτόν οἱ οὐρανοὶ τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ὑπεράνω τῶν οὐρανῶν
Praise him, heavens of heavens, and the water above the heavens.
Even the remotest cosmic regions are included in the psalm's expanding chorus.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνheRP ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱὁRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανοὶheavenN2 NPM · οὐρανόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνὁRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανῶνheavenN2 GPM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸὁRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸὁRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑπεράνωaboveP · ὑπεράνωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπεράνω: meaning 'above'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνὁRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανῶνheavenN2 GPM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
5
αἰνεσάτωσαν τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου ὅτι αὐτὸς εἶπεν καὶ ἐγενήθησαν αὐτὸς ἐνετείλατο καὶ ἐκτίσθησαν
Let them praise the name of the Lord, because he spoke and they came to be; he commanded and they were created.
The hymn grounds praise in creation by divine speech and command.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
αἰνεσάτωσανpraiseVA AAD3P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸὁRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὅτιὅτιC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'ὅτι'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτὸςheRP NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἶπενεἶπονVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'εἶπον'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγενήθησανγίγνομαιVCI API3P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'γίγνομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸςheRP NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνετείλατοτέλλομαι + ἐνVAI AMI3S · τέλλομαι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτέλλομαι + ἐν: meaning 'τέλλομαι + ἐν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκτίσθησανcreateVSI API3P · κτίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκτίζω: meaning 'create'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
6
ἔστησεν αὐτὰ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος πρόσταγμα ἔθετο καὶ οὐ παρελεύσεται
He established them for the age and for the age of the age; he set a decree, and it shall not pass away.
The created world is not merely made but fixed in lasting order by the Lord's ordinance.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἔστησενestablishVAI AAI3S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'establish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὰheRP APN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὰ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςεἰςP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'εἰς'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςεἰςP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'εἰς'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦὁRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶνοςageN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πρόσταγμαdecreeN3M ASN · πρόσταγμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσταγμα: meaning 'decree'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔθετοplaceVEI AMI3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'place'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρελεύσεταιἔρχομαι + παραVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἔρχομαι + παρα: meaning 'ἔρχομαι + παρα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
αἰνεῖτε τὸν κύριον ἐκ τῆς γῆς δράκοντες καὶ πᾶσαι ἄβυσσοι
Praise the Lord from the earth, dragons and all the deeps.
The direction of praise now descends from the heavens to the deepest places of the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
αἰνεῖτεpraiseV2 PAD2P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐκἐκP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'ἐκ'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςὁRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δράκοντεςdragonN3 NPM · δράκωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδράκων: meaning 'dragon'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶσαιallA1S NPF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄβυσσοιdeepN2 NPF · ἄβυσσοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄβυσσος: meaning 'deep'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
8
πῦρ χάλαζα χιών κρύσταλλος πνεῦμα καταιγίδος τὰ ποιοῦντα τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ
Fire, hail, snow, ice, storm wind, the things that do his word.
The powers of weather are personified as obedient servants carrying out the Lord's command.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
χάλαζαhailN1S NSF · χάλαζαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχάλαζα: meaning 'hail'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
χιώνsnowN3N NSF · χιώνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχιών: meaning 'snow'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κρύσταλλοςiceN2 NSM · κρύσταλλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκρύσταλλος: meaning 'ice'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πνεῦμαspiritN3M NSN · πνεῦμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καταιγίδοςstormN3I GSF · καταιγίςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαταιγίς: meaning 'storm'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὰὁRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιοῦνταπαπνπν ποιέωV2 · παπνπν ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπν ποιέω: meaning 'παπνπν ποιέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
τὰ ὄρη καὶ πάντες οἱ βουνοί ξύλα καρποφόρα καὶ πᾶσαι κέδροι
Mountains and all hills, fruit-bearing trees and all cedars.
Stable heights and growing things together join the earth's praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τὰὁRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄρηmountainN3E NPN · ὄροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱὁRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουνοίhillN2 NPM · βουνόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβουνός: meaning 'hill'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ξύλαtreeN2N NPN · ξύλονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceξύλον: meaning 'tree'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καρποφόρακαρποφόρονA1B NPN · καρποφόρονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαρποφόρον: meaning 'καρποφόρον'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶσαιallA1S NPF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κέδροιcedarN2 NPF · κέδροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκέδρος: meaning 'cedar'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
10
τὰ θηρία καὶ πάντα τὰ κτήνη ἑρπετὰ καὶ πετεινὰ πτερωτά
Wild animals and all cattle, creeping things and winged birds.
The psalm widens across creaturely life, from domestic beasts to reptiles and birds.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
τὰὁRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θηρίαwild animalN2N NPN · θηρίονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθηρίον: meaning 'wild animal'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὰὁRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κτήνηcattleN3E NPN · κτῆνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκτῆνος: meaning 'cattle'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἑρπετὰcreeping thingN2N NPN · ἑρπετόνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἑρπετόν: meaning 'creeping thing'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πετεινὰπετεινόνN2N NPN · πετεινόνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπετεινόν: meaning 'πετεινόν'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πτερωτάwingedA1 NPN · πτερωτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπτερωτός: meaning 'winged'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
11
βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς καὶ πάντες λαοί ἄρχοντες καὶ πάντες κριταὶ γῆς
Kings of the earth and all peoples, rulers and all judges of the earth.
Human government is explicitly brought under the same obligation of praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
βασιλεῖςkingN3V NPM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςὁRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λαοίpeopleN2 NPM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄρχοντεςrulerN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κριταὶjudgeN1M NPM · κριτήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκριτής: meaning 'judge'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
12
νεανίσκοι καὶ παρθένοι πρεσβῦται μετὰ νεωτέρων
Young men and virgins, elders with younger ones.
The hymn spans age and social place so that no human group remains outside the chorus.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
νεανίσκοιyoung manN2 NPM · νεανίσκοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνεανίσκος: meaning 'young man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρθένοιvirginN2 NPF · παρθένοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπαρθένος: meaning 'virgin'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πρεσβῦταιelderN1M NPM · πρεσβύτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπρεσβύτης: meaning 'elder'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μετὰμετάP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'μετά'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
νεωτέρωννέοςA1A GPM · νέοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationνέος: meaning 'νέος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
13
αἰνεσάτωσαν τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου ὅτι ὑψώθη τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ μόνου ἡ ἐξομολόγησις αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ γῆς καὶ οὐρανοῦ
Let them praise the name of the Lord, because his name alone was exalted; his praise is over earth and heaven.
All creatures are gathered toward one conclusion: the Lord's name alone stands above all.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
αἰνεσάτωσανpraiseVA AAD3P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸὁRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὅτιὅτιC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'ὅτι'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψώθηὑψόωVCI API3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὑψόω: meaning 'ὑψόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸὁRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μόνουaloneA1 GSM · μόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμόνος: meaning 'alone'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἡὁRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐξομολόγησιςthanksgivingN3I NSF · ἐξομολόγησιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐξομολόγησις: meaning 'thanksgiving'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶἐπίP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'ἐπί'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
14
καὶ ὑψώσει κέρας λαοῦ αὐτοῦ ὕμνος πᾶσι τοῖς ὁσίοις αὐτοῦ τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ λαῷ ἐγγίζοντι αὐτῷ
And he will exalt the horn of his people, a hymn for all his holy ones, for the sons of Israel, a people drawing near to him.
The cosmic hymn ends with the special exaltation and nearness granted to the Lord's covenant people.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψώσειὑψόωVF FAI3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὑψόω: meaning 'ὑψόω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κέραςhornN3T ASN · κέραςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέρας: meaning 'horn'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὕμνοςhymnN2 NSM · ὕμνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕμνος: meaning 'hymn'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πᾶσιallA3 DPM · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῖςὁRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁσίοιςholy oneA1A DPM · ὅσιοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὅσιος: meaning 'holy one'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςὁRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςsonN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐγγίζοντιπαπδσμ ἐγγίζωV1 · παπδσμ ἐγγίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπδσμ ἐγγίζω: meaning 'παπδσμ ἐγγίζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτῷheRP DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.