1
αλληλουια Αγγαιου καὶ Ζαχαριου ἐπαίνει Ιερουσαλημ τὸν κύριον αἴνει τὸν θεόν σου Σιων
Hallelujah. Praise the Lord, O Jerusalem; praise your God, O Zion.
The psalm addresses Jerusalem and Zion directly, placing corporate praise on their lips.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
αλληλουιαhallelujahI ALLHLOUIAadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastαλληλουια: meaning 'hallelujah'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
Αγγαιουof HaggaiN1T GSM · Αγγαιαςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationΑγγαιου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
Ζαχαριουof ZechariahN1T GSM · Ζαχαριαςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationΖαχαριου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐπαίνειαἰνέω + ἐπιV2 PAD2S · αἰνέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω + ἐπι: meaning 'αἰνέω + ἐπι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN VSF · Ἰερουσαλήμadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙερουσαλημ: meaning 'Jerusalem'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αἴνειpraiseV2 PAD2S · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουσύRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'σύ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΣιωνZionN VSF · Σιωνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΣιων: meaning 'Zion'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
2
ὅτι ἐνίσχυσεν τοὺς μοχλοὺς τῶν πυλῶν σου εὐλόγησεν τοὺς υἱούς σου ἐν σοί
For he strengthened the bars of your gates; he blessed your sons within you.
The first reason for praise is the Lord's protection of the city and blessing of its people.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὅτιὅτιC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'ὅτι'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνίσχυσενἰσχύω + ἐνVAI AAI3S · ἰσχύω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἰσχύω + ἐν: meaning 'ἰσχύω + ἐν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςὁRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μοχλοὺςbarN2 APM · μοχλόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμοχλός: meaning 'bar'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνὁRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλῶνgateN1 GPF · πύληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουσύRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'σύ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐλόγησενblessVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐλογέω: meaning 'bless'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςὁRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱούςsonN2 APM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουσύRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'σύ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνἐνP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'ἐν'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοίσύRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοί: meaning 'σύ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
ὁ τιθεὶς τὰ ὅριά σου εἰρήνην καὶ στέαρ πυροῦ ἐμπιπλῶν σε
He is the one who makes your borders peace and fills you with the fat of wheat.
Political stability and agricultural abundance are both named as gifts of the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τιθεὶςπαπνσμ τίθημιV7 · παπνσμ τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ τίθημι: meaning 'παπνσμ τίθημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰὁRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὅριάboundaryN2N APN · ὅριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅριον: meaning 'boundary'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουσύRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'σύ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰρήνηνpeaceN1 ASF · εἰρήνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεἰρήνη: meaning 'peace'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στέαρfatN3 ASN · στέαρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστέαρ: meaning 'fat'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πυροῦwheatN2 GSM · πυρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπυρός: meaning 'wheat'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐμπιπλῶνπαπνσμ πίμπλημι + ἐνV8 · παπνσμ πίμπλημι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ πίμπλημι + ἐν: meaning 'παπνσμ πίμπλημι + ἐν'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεσύRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'σύ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
4
ὁ ἀποστέλλων τὸ λόγιον αὐτοῦ τῇ γῇ ἕως τάχους δραμεῖται ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ
He is the one who sends his word to the earth; his word will run swiftly.
The hymn turns from Zion's peace to the active power of the divine word throughout the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀποστέλλωνπαπνσμ στέλλω + ἀποV1 · παπνσμ στέλλω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ στέλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'παπνσμ στέλλω + ἀπο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸὁRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγιονoracleN2N ASN · λόγιονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγιον: meaning 'oracle'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τῇὁRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῇearthN1 DSF · γῆdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τάχουςτάχοςN3E GSN · τάχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτάχος: meaning 'τάχος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δραμεῖταιrunVF2 FMI3S · τρέχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureτρέχω: meaning 'run'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁὁRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγοςwordN2 NSM · λόγοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
τοῦ διδόντος χιόνα ὡσεὶ ἔριον ὁμίχλην ὡσεὶ σποδὸν πάσσοντος
He is the one who gives snow like wool, who scatters mist like ashes.
Snow and frost are poetically described as materials distributed at the Lord's will.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
τοῦὁRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διδόντοςπαπγσμ δίδωμιV8 · παπγσμ δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσμ δίδωμι: meaning 'παπγσμ δίδωμι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χιόναsnowN3N ASF · χιώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχιών: meaning 'snow'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡσεὶὡσεὶD · ὡσεὶadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'ὡσεὶ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔριονwoolN2N ASN · ἔριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔριον: meaning 'wool'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁμίχληνmistN1 ASF · ὁμίχληaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁμίχλη: meaning 'mist'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡσεὶὡσεὶD · ὡσεὶadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'ὡσεὶ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σποδὸνashesN2 ASF · σποδόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσποδός: meaning 'ashes'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πάσσοντοςπαπγσμ πάσσωV1 · παπγσμ πάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσμ πάσσω: meaning 'παπγσμ πάσσω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
6
βάλλοντος κρύσταλλον αὐτοῦ ὡσεὶ ψωμούς κατὰ πρόσωπον ψύχους αὐτοῦ τίς ὑποστήσεται
He is the one who throws his ice like morsels; who can stand before his cold?
The psalm lingers on the force of winter, emphasizing human inability before it.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
βάλλοντοςπαπγσμ βάλλωV1 · παπγσμ βάλλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσμ βάλλω: meaning 'παπγσμ βάλλω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κρύσταλλονiceN2 ASM · κρύσταλλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρύσταλλος: meaning 'ice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡσεὶὡσεὶD · ὡσεὶadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'ὡσεὶ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ψωμούςmorselN2 APM · ψωμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψωμός: meaning 'morsel'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κατὰκατάP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'κατά'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πρόσωπονfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ψύχουςcoldN3E GSN · ψῦχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationψῦχος: meaning 'cold'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τίςτίςRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'τίς'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὑποστήσεταιἵστημι + ὑποVF FMI3S · ἵστημι + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵστημι + ὑπο: meaning 'ἵστημι + ὑπο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
ἀποστελεῖ τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ καὶ τήξει αὐτά πνεύσει τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ καὶ ῥυήσεται ὕδατα
He will send his word and melt them; his spirit will blow and waters will flow.
The same Lord who commands the freeze also commands the thaw, showing mastery over change itself.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἀποστελεῖστέλλω + ἀποVF2 FAI3S · στέλλω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureστέλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'στέλλω + ἀπο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τήξειmeltVF FAI3S · τήκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureτήκω: meaning 'melt'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτάheRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτά: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πνεύσειπνεύωVF FAI3S · πνεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπνεύω: meaning 'πνεύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸὁRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πνεῦμαspiritN3M ASN · πνεῦμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ῥυήσεταιῥυέωVF FMI3S · ῥυέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureῥυέω: meaning 'ῥυέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὕδαταwaterN3T ASN · ὕδωρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
8
ἀπαγγέλλων τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ τῷ Ιακωβ δικαιώματα καὶ κρίματα αὐτοῦ τῷ Ισραηλ
He is the one who declares his word to Jacob, his ordinances and judgments to Israel.
The movement from creation to covenant culminates in the gift of divine instruction to Israel.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἀπαγγέλλωνπαπνσμ ἀγγέλλω + ἀποV1 · παπνσμ ἀγγέλλω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ ἀγγέλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'παπνσμ ἀγγέλλω + ἀπο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνὁRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τῷὁRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙακωβJacobN DSM · Ἰακώβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙακωβ: meaning 'Jacob'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δικαιώματαordinanceN3M APN · δικαίωμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδικαίωμα: meaning 'ordinance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κρίματαjudgmentN3M APN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τῷὁRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN DSM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
9
οὐκ ἐποίησεν οὕτως παντὶ ἔθνει καὶ τὰ κρίματα αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐδήλωσεν αὐτοῖς
He did not do thus for every nation, and his judgments he did not make known to them.
The psalm closes by underscoring the singular privilege of Israel in receiving the Lord's revealed judgments.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενmakeVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παντὶallA3 DSN · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔθνειnationN3E DSN · ἔθνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶκαίC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'καί'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰὁRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κρίματαjudgmentN3M APN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦheRP GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐδήλωσενmake knownVAI AAI3S · δηλόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδηλόω: meaning 'make known'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῖςheRP DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.