1
εἰς τὸ τέλος ψαλμὸς ᾠδῆς τοῦ ἐγκαινισμοῦ τοῦ οἴκου τῷ Δαυιδ
For the end, a psalm-song of the dedication of the house, to David.
The heading frames the chapter as a Davidic song linked with the dedication of the house, preparing the reader for a liturgical thanksgiving shaped by rescue and restored worship.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτέλος: meaning 'end'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ψαλμὸςsongN2 NSM · ψαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψαλμός: meaning 'song'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ᾠδῆςsong / odeN1 GSF · ᾠδήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐγκαινισμοῦdedicationN2 GSM · ἐγκαινισμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἐγκαινισμός: meaning 'dedication'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΔαυιδDavidN DSM · Δαυίδadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΔαυιδ: meaning 'David'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
2
ὑψώσω σε κύριε ὅτι ὑπέλαβές με καὶ οὐκ ηὔφρανας τοὺς ἐχθρούς μου ἐπ' ἐμέ
I will exalt you, O Lord, because you lifted me up and did not let my enemies rejoice over me.
The psalm opens in praise rather than complaint. Deliverance is described both positively, as the Lord's lifting up, and negatively, as the frustration of hostile triumph.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὑψώσωI will exaltVF FAI1S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὑψόω: meaning 'I will exalt'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπέλαβέςlifted upVBI AAI2S · λαμβάνω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλαμβάνω + ὑπο: meaning 'lifted up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ηὔφραναςmade gladVAI AAI2S · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεὐφραίνω: meaning 'made glad'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐχθρούςenemyN2 APM · ἐχθρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐμέegoRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐμέ: meaning 'ego'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
κύριε ὁ θεός μου ἐκέκραξα πρὸς σέ καὶ ἰάσω με
O Lord my God, I cried to you, and you healed me.
The thanksgiving is grounded in remembered petition. The Lord answered the cry not abstractly but by restoring the psalmist from affliction.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκέκραξαcried outVAI AAI1S · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκράζω: meaning 'cried out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σέyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσέ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰάσωhealedVF FAI1S · ἰάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἰάομαι: meaning 'healed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
4
κύριε ἀνήγαγες ἐξ ᾅδου τὴν ψυχήν μου ἔσωσάς με ἀπὸ τῶν καταβαινόντων εἰς λάκκον
O Lord, you brought up my soul from Hades; you saved me from those going down into the pit.
The psalm intensifies its thanksgiving by naming the rescue as deliverance from Hades and the pit. Salvation here is preservation from the realm of death.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ἀνήγαγεςbrought upVBI AAI2S · ἄγω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄγω + ἀνα: meaning 'brought up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾅδουto HadesN1M GSM · ᾅδηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationᾅδης: meaning 'to Hades'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔσωσάςsavedVAI AAI2S · σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσώζω: meaning 'saved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταβαινόντωνgoing downV1 · παπγπμ βαίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγπμ βαίνω + κατα: meaning 'going down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λάκκονcisternN2 ASM · λάκκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλάκκος: meaning 'cistern'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
5
ψάλατε τῷ κυρίῳ οἱ ὅσιοι αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐξομολογεῖσθε τῇ μνήμῃ τῆς ἁγιωσύνης αὐτοῦ
Sing praise to the Lord, his holy ones, and give thanks at the remembrance of his holiness.
Personal rescue opens outward into congregational worship. Those devoted to the Lord are called to praise because his saving action manifests his holy name.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ψάλατεsing praiseVB AAD2P · ψάλλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateψάλλω: meaning 'sing praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὅσιοιholy onesA1A NPM · ὅσιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὅσιος: meaning 'holy ones'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξομολογεῖσθεgive thanks / confessV2 PMI2P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μνήμῃremembranceN1 DSF · μνήμηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμνήμη: meaning 'remembrance'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγιωσύνηςholinessN1 GSF · ἁγιωσύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἁγιωσύνη: meaning 'holiness'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
6
ὅτι ὀργὴ ἐν τῷ θυμῷ αὐτοῦ καὶ ζωὴ ἐν τῷ θελήματι αὐτοῦ τὸ ἑσπέρας αὐλισθήσεται κλαυθμὸς καὶ εἰς τὸ πρωὶ ἀγαλλίασις
For wrath is in his anger, and life is in his good pleasure; in the evening weeping will lodge, and by morning there is rejoicing.
The psalm reflects on the character of divine dealings: anger is real but transient, while favor restores life. Nightly grief is not denied, but it gives way to morning joy.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀργὴwrathN1 NSF · ὀργήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀργή: meaning 'wrath'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυμῷwrathN2 DSM · θυμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθυμός: meaning 'wrath'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ζωὴlifeN1 NSF · ζωήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceζωή: meaning 'life'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θελήματιgood pleasureN3M DSN · θέλημαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθέλημα: meaning 'good pleasure'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑσπέραςeveningN1A GSF · ἑσπέραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἑσπέρα: meaning 'evening'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐλισθήσεταιshall spend the nightVC FPI3S · αὐλίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαὐλίζω: meaning 'shall spend the night'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κλαυθμὸςweepingN2 NSM · κλαυθμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκλαυθμός: meaning 'weeping'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρωὶin the morningD · πρωί̈adverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπρωὶ: meaning 'in the morning'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαλλίασιςrejoicingN3I NSF · ἀγαλλίασιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀγαλλίασις: meaning 'rejoicing'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
7
ἐγὼ δὲ εἶπα ἐν τῇ εὐθηνίᾳ μου οὐ μὴ σαλευθῶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα
But I said in my prosperity, 'I shall never be shaken forever.'
The speaker now admits the complacency that accompanied prosperity. Stability had been assumed as though it were inherent rather than a gift sustained by the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'I said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐθηνίᾳprosperityN1A DSF · εὐθηνίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεὐθηνία: meaning 'prosperity'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σαλευθῶbe shakenVC APS1S · σαλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyσαλεύω: meaning 'be shaken'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
8
κύριε ἐν τῷ θελήματί σου παρέσχου τῷ κάλλει μου δύναμιν ἀπέστρεψας δὲ τὸ πρόσωπόν σου καὶ ἐγενήθην τεταραγμένος
O Lord, by your good pleasure you granted strength to my beauty; but you turned away your face, and I was thrown into confusion.
The psalmist corrects his earlier self-assurance by confessing that all strength came from divine favor. Once the Lord hid his face, apparent stability collapsed into turmoil.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θελήματίgood pleasureN3M DSN · θέλημαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθέλημα: meaning 'good pleasure'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
παρέσχουyou grantedVBI AMI2S · ἔχω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἔχω + παρα: meaning 'you granted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κάλλειbeautyN3E DSN · κάλλοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκάλλος: meaning 'beauty'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δύναμινforce / powerN3I ASF · δύναμιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδύναμις: meaning 'force'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπέστρεψαςturned awayVAI AAI2S · στρέφω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristστρέφω + ἀπο: meaning 'turned away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρόσωπόνfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγενήθηνhave becomeVCI API1S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'have become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τεταραγμένοςtroubledVM · χππνσμ ταράσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχππνσμ ταράσσω: meaning 'troubled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
9
πρὸς σέ κύριε κεκράξομαι καὶ πρὸς τὸν θεόν μου δεηθήσομαι
To you, O Lord, I will cry, and to my God I will make supplication.
Out of that distress the speaker turns again toward petition. Prayer becomes the only fitting response when favor is withdrawn and confusion descends.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σέyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσέ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
κεκράξομαιshall I cry outVFX FMI1S · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκράζω: meaning 'shall I cry out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δεηθήσομαιwill entreatVC FPI1S · δέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδέω: meaning 'will entreat'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
10
τίς ὠφέλεια ἐν τῷ αἵματί μου ἐν τῷ καταβῆναί με εἰς διαφθοράν μὴ ἐξομολογήσεταί σοι χοῦς ἢ ἀναγγελεῖ τὴν ἀλήθειάν σου
What profit is there in my blood, in my going down to corruption? Will dust give thanks to you, or declare your truth?
The plea reasons from worship: if the psalmist descends to corruption, he can no longer thank the Lord or proclaim divine faithfulness. Life is sought for the sake of praise.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
τίςwhatRI NSF · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὠφέλειαprofitN1A NSF · ὠφέλειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὠφέλεια: meaning 'profit'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἵματίαἵματίN3M DSN · αἷμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceαἷμα: meaning 'αἵματί'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταβῆναίto go downVZ AAN · βαίνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementβαίνω + κατα: meaning 'to go down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
διαφθοράνcorruptionN1A ASF · διαφθοράaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδιαφθορά: meaning 'corruption'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξομολογήσεταίgive thanksVF FMI3S · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
χοῦςchoysN3 NSM · χοῦςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχοῦς: meaning 'choys'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναγγελεῖanaVF2 FAI3S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀγγέλλω + ἀνα: meaning 'ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀλήθειάνtruthN1A ASF · ἀλήθειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀλήθεια: meaning 'truth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
11
ἤκουσεν κύριος καὶ ἠλέησέν με κύριος ἐγενήθη βοηθός μου
The Lord heard and had mercy on me; the Lord became my helper.
The argument of the plea is answered by simple, decisive confession. The Lord heard, showed mercy, and personally became the speaker's help.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἤκουσενheardVAI AAI3S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω: meaning 'heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἠλέησένhad mercyVAI AAI3S · ἐλεέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐλεέω: meaning 'had mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐγενήθηbecome / happenVCI API3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
βοηθόςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβοηθός: meaning 'helper'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
12
ἔστρεψας τὸν κοπετόν μου εἰς χορὸν ἐμοί διέρρηξας τὸν σάκκον μου καὶ περιέζωσάς με εὐφροσύνην
You turned my mourning into dancing for me; you tore my sackcloth and girded me with gladness.
The closing reversal is vivid and bodily: lament becomes dance, sackcloth is removed, and joy is put on like a garment. Salvation is presented as transformed life before God.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἔστρεψαςturnedVAI AAI2S · στρέφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristστρέφω: meaning 'turned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοπετόνmourningN2 ASM · κοπετόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκοπετός: meaning 'mourning'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χορὸνchorusesN2 ASM · χορόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχορός: meaning 'choruses'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐμοίIRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἐμοί: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διέρρηξαςyou toreVAI AAI2S · ῥήγνυμι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristῥήγνυμι + δια: meaning 'you tore'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σάκκονsackclothN2 ASM · σάκκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσάκκος: meaning 'sackcloth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιέζωσάςgirdedVAI AAI2S · ζώννυμι + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristζώννυμι + περι: meaning 'girded'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐφροσύνηνgladnessN1 ASF · εὐφροσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'gladness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
13
ὅπως ἂν ψάλῃ σοι ἡ δόξα μου καὶ οὐ μὴ κατανυγῶ κύριε ὁ θεός μου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι
So that my glory may sing praise to you and I may not be pierced into silence; O Lord my God, I will give thanks to you forever.
The psalm ends with the telos of deliverance: the restored self exists to sing and give thanks without ceasing. What death would have silenced, mercy turns into perpetual doxology.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ὅπωςso thatC · ὅπωςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅπως: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ψάλῃsing praiseV1 PAS3S · ψάλλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyψάλλω: meaning 'sing praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατανυγῶbe piercedVZ AAS2S · νύσσω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyνύσσω + κατα: meaning 'be pierced'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐξομολογήσομαίI will give thanksVF FMI1S · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'I will give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.