1
εἰς τὸ τέλος τῷ δούλῳ κυρίου τῷ Δαυιδ
For the end; for the servant of the Lord, David.
The brief heading identifies the psalm as belonging to David in his role as the Lord's servant and frames the poem as a deliberate liturgical piece.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτέλος: meaning 'end'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δούλῳservantN2 DSM · δοῦλοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδοῦλος: meaning 'servant'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΔαυιδDavidN DSM · Δαυίδadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΔαυιδ: meaning 'David'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
2
φησὶν ὁ παράνομος τοῦ ἁμαρτάνειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ οὐκ ἔστιν φόβος θεοῦ ἀπέναντι τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ
The lawless one speaks of sinning within himself; there is no fear of God before his eyes.
The poem begins inside the sinner's own interior speech: rebellion is not accidental but arises where the fear of God has been evacuated from sight.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
φησὶνsaysV6 PAI3S · φημίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processφημί: meaning 'says'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παράνομοςlawless oneA1B NSM · παράνομοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπαράνομος: meaning 'lawless one'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτάνεινto sinV1 PAN · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'to sin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνwithinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'within'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἑαυτῷhimselfRD DSM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἑαυτῷ: meaning 'himself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φόβοςfearN2 NSM · φόβοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεοῦof GodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'of God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀπέναντιbeforeD · ἀπέναντιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἀπέναντι: meaning 'before'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμῶνeyesN2 GPM · ὀφθαλμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
ὅτι ἐδόλωσεν ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ τοῦ εὑρεῖν τὴν ἀνομίαν αὐτοῦ καὶ μισῆσαι
For he has dealt deceitfully before him, so as to discover his iniquity and hate it.
The lawless person sustains his evil by flattering or deceiving himself, refusing the honest recognition that would expose and make him hate his guilt.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐδόλωσενhe dealt deceitfullyVAI AAI3S · δολόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδολόω: meaning 'he dealt deceitfully'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνώπιονbeforeP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὑρεῖνto findVB AAN · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementεὑρίσκω: meaning 'to find'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνομίανiniquityN1A ASF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνομία: meaning 'iniquity'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μισῆσαιto hateVA AAN · μισέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementμισέω: meaning 'to hate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ ἀνομία καὶ δόλος οὐκ ἐβουλήθη συνιέναι τοῦ ἀγαθῦναι
The words of his mouth are lawlessness and deceit; he refused to understand so as to do good.
What fills the mouth reveals the heart. Corrupt speech is joined to a chosen refusal to understand in a way that would lead to good.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥήματαwordsN3M NPN · ῥῆμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceῥῆμα: meaning 'words'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στόματοςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀνομίαlawlessnessN1A NSF · ἀνομίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνομία: meaning 'lawlessness'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δόλοςdeceitN2 NSM · δόλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδόλος: meaning 'deceit'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐβουλήθηhe desiredVCI API3S · βούλομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβούλομαι: meaning 'he desired'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
συνιέναιto understandV7 PAN · ἵημι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἵημι + συν: meaning 'to understand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγαθῦναιto do goodVA AAN · ἀγαθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἀγαθύνω: meaning 'to do good'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
5
ἀνομίαν διελογίσατο ἐπὶ τῆς κοίτης αὐτοῦ παρέστη πάσῃ ὁδῷ οὐκ ἀγαθῇ τῇ δὲ κακίᾳ οὐ προσώχθισεν
He devised lawlessness on his bed; he set himself on every way that was not good, and he did not reject evil.
The wicked man's plotting continues even on his bed, and by dawn he is fixed in a bad path without any revulsion toward evil.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἀνομίανlawlessnessN1A ASF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνομία: meaning 'lawlessness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
διελογίσατοhe devisedVAI AMI3S · λογίζομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristλογίζομαι + δια: meaning 'he devised'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοίτηςbedN1 GSF · κοίτηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκοίτη: meaning 'bed'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
παρέστηhe set himselfVHI AAI3S · ἵστημι + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + παρα: meaning 'he set himself'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάσῃeveryA1S DSF · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὁδῷwayN2 DSF · ὁδόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὁδός: meaning 'way'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαθῇgoodA1 DSF · ἀγαθόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κακίᾳevilN1A DSF · κακίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκακία: meaning 'evil'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσώχθισενhe rejectedVAI AAI3S · ὀχθίζω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὀχθίζω + προς: meaning 'he rejected'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
6
κύριε ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ τὸ ἔλεός σου καὶ ἡ ἀλήθειά σου ἕως τῶν νεφελῶν
O Lord, your mercy is in heaven, and your truth reaches to the clouds.
After the cramped world of human deceit, the poem abruptly widens into praise: the Lord's covenant mercy and faithfulness tower above earthly corruption.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανῷheavenN2 DSM · οὐρανόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεόςmercyN3E NSN · ἔλεοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀλήθειάtruthN1A NSF · ἀλήθειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀλήθεια: meaning 'truth'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἕωςuntoP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'unto'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νεφελῶνcloudsN1 GPF · νεφέληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationνεφέλη: meaning 'clouds'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
7
ἡ δικαιοσύνη σου ὡσεὶ ὄρη θεοῦ τὰ κρίματά σου ἄβυσσος πολλή ἀνθρώπους καὶ κτήνη σώσεις κύριε
Your righteousness is like the mountains of God; your judgments are a great deep; humans and cattle you will save, O Lord.
The Lord's righteousness is mountain-like and his judgments unfathomable, yet that transcendent justice bends toward preservation of the living world.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηrighteousnessN1 NSF · δικαιοσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡσεὶlikeD · ὡσείadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄρηmountainsN3E NPN · ὄροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεοῦof GodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'of God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κρίματάjudgmentsN3M NPN · κρίμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκρίμα: meaning 'judgments'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἄβυσσοςdeepN2 NSF · ἄβυσσοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄβυσσος: meaning 'deep'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πολλήgreatA1 NSF · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'great'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνθρώπουςhumansN2 APM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'humans'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κτήνηcattleN3E APN · κτῆνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκτῆνος: meaning 'cattle'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σώσειςyou will saveVF FAI2S · σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσώζω: meaning 'you will save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
8
ὡς ἐπλήθυνας τὸ ἔλεός σου ὁ θεός οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐν σκέπῃ τῶν πτερύγων σου ἐλπιοῦσιν
How you have multiplied your mercy, O God; and the sons of men will hope in the shelter of your wings.
The psalm now moves from description to experience: humanity's true safety is not in itself but under the protective shadow of God's abundant mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ὡςhowC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'how'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπλήθυναςyou multipliedVAI AAI2S · πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπληθύνω: meaning 'you multiplied'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεόςmercyN3E NSN · ἔλεοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁORA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνθρώπωνhumansN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'humans'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σκέπῃshelterN1 DSF · σκέπηςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσκέπης: meaning 'shelter'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνof theRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πτερύγωνwingsN3G GPF · πτέρυξgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπτέρυξ: meaning 'wings'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐλπιοῦσινwill hopeVF2 FAI3P · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐλπίζω: meaning 'will hope'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
9
μεθυσθήσονται ἀπὸ πιότητος τοῦ οἴκου σου καὶ τὸν χειμάρρουν τῆς τρυφῆς σου ποτιεῖς αὐτούς
They will be made drunk from the richness of your house, and from the torrent of your delight you will give them drink.
Those received into that shelter do not merely survive; they feast and drink from the overflowing pleasures that come from God's own presence.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
μεθυσθήσονταιthey will be made drunkVS FPI3P · μεθύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureμεθύω: meaning 'they will be made drunk'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πιότητοςrichnessN3T GSF · πιότηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπιότης: meaning 'richness'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χειμάρρουνtorrentA1C ASM · χειμάρρουςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχειμάρρους: meaning 'torrent'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρυφῆςdelightN1 GSF · τρυφήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτρυφή: meaning 'delight'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποτιεῖςyou will give to drinkVF FAI2S · ποτίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureποτίζω: meaning 'you will give to drink'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
10
ὅτι παρὰ σοὶ πηγὴ ζωῆς ἐν τῷ φωτί σου ὀψόμεθα φῶς
For with you is the fountain of life; in your light we shall see light.
The abundance of the previous verse is explained at its source: life springs from God himself, and illumination is possible only within his light.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρὰwithP · παράpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοὶyouRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοὶ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πηγὴfountainN1 NSF · πηγήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπηγή: meaning 'fountain'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ζωῆςof lifeN1 GSF · ζωήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationζωή: meaning 'of life'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωτίlightN3T DSN · φῶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὀψόμεθαwe shall seeVF FMI1P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'we shall see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φῶςlightN3T ASN · φῶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
11
παράτεινον τὸ ἔλεός σου τοῖς γινώσκουσίν σε καὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου τοῖς εὐθέσι τῇ καρδίᾳ
Continue your mercy to those who know you, and your righteousness to the upright in heart.
Because God's mercy and righteousness are life-giving, the singer asks that they keep extending to those who truly know him and walk uprightly.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
παράτεινονcontinueVA AAD2S · τείνω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateτείνω + παρα: meaning 'continue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεόςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γινώσκουσίνknowingV1 · παπδπμ γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπδπμ γιγνώσκω: meaning 'knowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐθέσιuprightA3U DPM · εὐθύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεὐθύς: meaning 'upright'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίᾳheartN1A DSF · καρδίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
12
μὴ ἐλθέτω μοι ποὺς ὑπερηφανίας καὶ χεὶρ ἁμαρτωλῶν μὴ σαλεύσαι με
Let not the foot of pride come against me, and let not the hand of sinners shake me.
The prayer narrows to personal danger, asking that arrogant pressure and sinful force be kept from dislodging the faithful speaker.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλθέτωlet comeVB AAD3S · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἔρχομαι: meaning 'let come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποὺςfootN3D NSM · πούςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπούς: meaning 'foot'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑπερηφανίαςof prideN1A GSF · ὑπερηφανίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὑπερηφανία: meaning 'of pride'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χεὶρhandN3 NSF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἁμαρτωλῶνof sinnersA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'of sinners'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σαλεύσαιto shakeVA AAN · σαλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementσαλεύω: meaning 'to shake'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
13
ἐκεῖ ἔπεσον οἱ ἐργαζόμενοι τὴν ἀνομίαν ἐξώσθησαν καὶ οὐ μὴ δύνωνται στῆναι
There the workers of lawlessness fell; they were thrust out and will surely not be able to stand.
The final line answers the plea with a vision of the end: the workers of lawlessness are already seen fallen, expelled, and unable to rise again.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔπεσονfellVBI AAI3P · πίπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπίπτω: meaning 'fell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐργαζόμενοιworkingV1 · πμπνπμ ἐργάζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ ἐργάζομαι: meaning 'working'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνομίανlawlessnessN1A ASF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνομία: meaning 'lawlessness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐξώσθησανthey were thrust outVCI API3P · ὄζω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὄζω + ἐκ: meaning 'they were thrust out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐsurely notD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'surely not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύνωνταιthey may be ableV6 PMS3P · δύναμαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδύναμαι: meaning 'they may be able'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
στῆναιto standVH AAN · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἵστημι: meaning 'to stand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.