1
εἰς τὸ τέλος μὴ διαφθείρῃς ψαλμὸς τῷ Ασαφ ᾠδῆς
For the end: Do not destroy. A psalm for Asaph, a song.
The heading sets the psalm within temple performance, linking it with the 'Do Not Destroy' tradition and naming Asaph as the voice or guild behind the song.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτέλος: meaning 'end'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διαφθείρῃςdestroyV1 PAS2S · φθείρω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyφθείρω + δια: meaning 'destroy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ψαλμὸςpsalmN2 NSM · ψαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψαλμός: meaning 'psalm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷforRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑσαφAsaphN DSM · Ασαφadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑσαφ: meaning 'Asaph'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠδῆςof songN1 GSF · ᾠδήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationᾠδή: meaning 'of song'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
2
ἐξομολογησόμεθά σοι ὁ θεός ἐξομολογησόμεθα καὶ ἐπικαλεσόμεθα τὸ ὄνομά σου
We will give thanks to you, O God; we will give thanks and call upon your name.
The worshiping community opens by promising repeated thanks and public invocation of God's name, preparing for the divine speech that follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐξομολογησόμεθάwe will give thanksVF FMI1P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'we will give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁORA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐξομολογησόμεθαwe will give thanksVF FMI1P · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'we will give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπικαλεσόμεθαwe will call uponVF FMI1P · καλέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω + ἐπι: meaning 'we will call upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουof youRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'of you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
διηγήσομαι πάντα τὰ θαυμάσιά σου ὅταν λάβω καιρόν ἐγὼ εὐθύτητας κρινῶ
I will recount all your wonders whenever I receive the appointed time; I will judge with uprightness.
The first-person voice now speaks for God: when he seizes the appointed moment, he will publicly recount his wonders by judging with straightness.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
διηγήσομαιI will recountVF FMI1S · ἡγέομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἡγέομαι + δια: meaning 'I will recount'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θαυμάσιάwondrous deedsA1A APN · θαυμάσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθαυμάσιος: meaning 'wondrous deeds'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουof youRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'of you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτανwheneverD · ὅτανadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: meaning 'whenever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λάβωI takeVB AAS1S · λαμβάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyλαμβάνω: meaning 'I take'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καιρόνan appointed timeN2 ASM · καιρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαιρός: meaning 'an appointed time'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐθύτηταςupright actsN3T APF · εὐθύτηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐθύτης: meaning 'upright acts'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κρινῶwill judgeVF2 FAI1S · κρίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκρίνω: meaning 'will judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
ἐτάκη ἡ γῆ καὶ πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐν αὐτῇ ἐγὼ ἐστερέωσα τοὺς στύλους αὐτῆς διάψαλμα
The earth melted, and all who dwell in it; I myself strengthened its pillars. Pause.
Even when the world seems to dissolve, God declares that he himself has fixed its pillars, turning crisis into a display of sovereign steadiness.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐτάκηmeltedVDI API3S · τήκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτήκω: meaning 'melted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆearthN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατοικοῦντεςones dwellingV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ οἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'ones dwelling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐστερέωσαstrengthenedVAI AAI1S · στερεόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristστερεόω: meaning 'strengthened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στύλουςpillarsN2 APM · στῦλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationστῦλος: meaning 'pillars'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςof itRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'of it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διάψαλμαpauseN3M NSN · διάψαλμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδιάψαλμα: meaning 'pause'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
5
εἶπα τοῖς παρανομοῦσιν μὴ παρανομεῖτε καὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν μὴ ὑψοῦτε κέρας
I said to the lawless, 'Do not act lawlessly,' and to sinners, 'Do not lift up the horn.'
God addresses rebels and sinners directly, forbidding the insolent behavior that treats power as self-generated.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
εἶπαI saidVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'I said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παρανομοῦσινones acting lawlesslyV2 PAI3P · νομέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processνομέω + παρα: meaning 'ones acting lawlessly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρανομεῖτεkeep acting lawlesslyV2 PAD2P · νομέω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateνομέω + παρα: meaning 'keep acting lawlessly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτάνουσινones sinningV1 PAI3P · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'ones sinning'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψοῦτεlift upV4 PAD2P · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὑψόω: meaning 'lift up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κέραςa hornN3T ASN · κέραςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέρας: meaning 'a horn'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
6
μὴ ἐπαίρετε εἰς ὕψος τὸ κέρας ὑμῶν μὴ λαλεῖτε κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ἀδικίαν
Do not raise your horn on high; do not speak unrighteousness against God.
The warning becomes more specific: the wicked must not elevate their own strength or speak twisted defiance against God.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπαίρετεraise upV1 PAD2P · αἴρω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἴρω + ἐπι: meaning 'raise up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςtoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὕψοςheightN3E ASN · ὕψοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕψος: meaning 'height'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κέραςhornN3T ASN · κέραςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέρας: meaning 'horn'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑμῶνof you allRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'of you all'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαλεῖτεspeakV2 PAD2P · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κατὰagainstP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀδικίανinjusticeN1A ASF · ἀδικίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀδικία: meaning 'injustice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
7
ὅτι οὔτε ἀπὸ ἐξόδων οὔτε ἀπὸ δυσμῶν οὔτε ἀπὸ ἐρήμων ὀρέων
For neither from eastern exits, nor from western settings, nor from desert mountains comes exaltation.
The arrogance is irrational because exaltation does not arise from any earthly quarter, whether east, west, or wilderness heights.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὔτεneitherC · οὔτεconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὔτε: meaning 'neither'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐξόδωνeastward goings outN2 GPF · ἔξοδοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔξοδος: meaning 'eastward goings out'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὔτεnorC · οὔτεconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὔτε: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δυσμῶνwestward settingsN1 GPF · δυσμήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδυσμή: meaning 'westward settings'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὔτεnorC · οὔτεconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastοὔτε: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐρήμωνdesertN2 GPF · ἔρημοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔρημος: meaning 'desert'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὀρέωνmountainsN3E GPN · ὄροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
8
ὅτι ὁ θεὸς κριτής ἐστιν τοῦτον ταπεινοῖ καὶ τοῦτον ὑψοῖ
For God is judge: this one he humbles, and this one he exalts.
The real explanation is simple and absolute: God alone judges, lowering one person and lifting another according to his own rule.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κριτήςjudgeN1M NSM · κριτήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκριτής: meaning 'judge'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦτονthis oneRD ASM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτον: meaning 'this one'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ταπεινοῖhumblesV4 PAI3S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processταπεινόω: meaning 'humbles'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦτονthis oneRD ASM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτον: meaning 'this one'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὑψοῖexaltsV4 PAI3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processὑψόω: meaning 'exalts'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
9
ὅτι ποτήριον ἐν χειρὶ κυρίου οἴνου ἀκράτου πλῆρες κεράσματος καὶ ἔκλινεν ἐκ τούτου εἰς τοῦτο πλὴν ὁ τρυγίας αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐξεκενώθη πίονται πάντες οἱ ἁμαρτωλοὶ τῆς γῆς
For a cup is in the hand of the Lord, full of unmixed wine blended strong; and he poured from this into that, yet its dregs were not emptied out; all the sinners of the earth will drink them.
The cup in the Lord's hand pictures concentrated judgment; the wicked cannot escape the bitter dregs reserved for them.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποτήριονcupN2N NSN · ποτήριονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceποτήριον: meaning 'cup'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κυρίουof LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of Lord'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οἴνουof wineN2 GSM · οἶνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶνος: meaning 'of wine'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀκράτουundilutedA1B GSM · ἄκρατοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄκρατος: meaning 'undiluted'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πλῆρεςfullA3H NSN · πλήρηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπλήρης: meaning 'full'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κεράσματοςof mixed drinkN3M GSN · κέρασμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκέρασμα: meaning 'of mixed drink'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔκλινενhe tiltedV1I IAI3S · κλίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκλίνω: meaning 'he tilted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τούτουthisRD GSM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationτούτου: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πλὴνyetD · πλήνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπλὴν: meaning 'yet'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρυγίαςdregsN1T NSM · τρυγίαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτρυγίας: meaning 'dregs'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦof itRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'of it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξεκενώθηwas emptiedVCI API3S · κενόω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκενόω + ἐκ: meaning 'was emptied'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πίονταιwill drinkVF FMI3P · πίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίνω: meaning 'will drink'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτωλοὶsinnersA1B NPM · ἁμαρτωλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinners'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
10
ἐγὼ δὲ ἀγαλλιάσομαι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ψαλῶ τῷ θεῷ Ιακωβ
But I will rejoice forever; I will sing to the God of Jacob.
Against the fate of the wicked, the singer responds with enduring joy and song addressed to the God of Jacob.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαλλιάσομαιwill rejoiceVF FMI1S · ἀγαλλιάομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀγαλλιάομαι: meaning 'will rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ψαλῶI will sing praiseVF2 FAI1S · ψάλλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureψάλλω: meaning 'I will sing praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
Ιακωβof JacobN GSM · Ἰακώβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙακωβ: meaning 'of Jacob'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
11
καὶ πάντα τὰ κέρατα τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν συγκλάσω καὶ ὑψωθήσεται τὰ κέρατα τοῦ δικαίου
And all the horns of sinners I will break, but the horns of the righteous one will be exalted.
The conclusion gathers the psalm's imagery into a final reversal: the horns of sinners are shattered, while the righteous are raised up.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κέραταhornsN3T APN · κέραςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέρας: meaning 'horns'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτωλῶνsinnersA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinners'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
συγκλάσωI will break togetherVF FAI1S · κλαίω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκλαίω + συν: meaning 'I will break together'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψωθήσεταιwill be exaltedVC FPI3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὑψόω: meaning 'will be exalted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κέραταhornsN3T APN · κέραςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέρας: meaning 'horns'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαίουrighteousA1A GSM · δίκαιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.