1
ψαλμὸς τῷ Ασαφ ὁ θεός ἤλθοσαν ἔθνη εἰς τὴν κληρονομίαν σου ἐμίαναν τὸν ναὸν τὸν ἅγιόν σου ἔθεντο Ιερουσαλημ εἰς ὀπωροφυλάκιον
A psalm for Asaph. O God, nations came into your inheritance; they defiled your holy temple; they made Jerusalem into a watch-hut in an orchard.
The brief heading gives way at once to direct address: the psalm frames the catastrophe as an invasion of God's own inheritance and sanctuary.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ψαλμὸςpsalmN2 NSM · ψαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψαλμός: meaning 'psalm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷforRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑσαφAsaphN DSM · Ασαφadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑσαφ: meaning 'Asaph'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁORA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἤλθοσανcameVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἔρχομαι: meaning 'came'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔθνηnationsN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κληρονομίανinheritanceN1A ASF · κληρονομίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκληρονομία: meaning 'inheritance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐμίανανthey defiledVAI AAI3P · μιαίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristμιαίνω: meaning 'they defiled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ναὸνtempleN2 ASM · ναόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationναός: meaning 'temple'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιόνholyA1A ASM · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔθεντοthey madeVEI AMI3P · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'they made'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙερουσαλημ: meaning 'Jerusalem'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὀπωροφυλάκιονwatch-hutN2N ASN · ὀπωροφυλάκιονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀπωροφυλάκιον: meaning 'watch-hut'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
2
ἔθεντο τὰ θνησιμαῖα τῶν δούλων σου βρώματα τοῖς πετεινοῖς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τὰς σάρκας τῶν ὁσίων σου τοῖς θηρίοις τῆς γῆς
They gave the dead bodies of your servants as food to the birds of heaven, the flesh of your holy ones to the beasts of the earth.
The lament intensifies by dwelling on dishonored corpses, showing how violence has stripped God's servants even of burial dignity.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ἔθεντοthey gaveVEI AMI3P · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'they gave'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θνησιμαῖαdead bodiesA1A APN · θνησιμαῖοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθνησιμαῖος: meaning 'dead bodies'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δούλωνservantsN2 GPM · δοῦλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδοῦλος: meaning 'servants'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
βρώματαas foodN3M APN · βρῶμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβρῶμα: meaning 'as food'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςto theRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πετεινοῖςbirdsN2N DPN · πετεινόνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπετεινόν: meaning 'birds'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σάρκαςfleshN3K APF · σάρξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσάρξ: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁσίωνholy onesA1A GPM · ὅσιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὅσιος: meaning 'holy ones'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςto theRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θηρίοιςbeastsN2N DPN · θηρίονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθηρίον: meaning 'beasts'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
3
ἐξέχεαν τὸ αἷμα αὐτῶν ὡς ὕδωρ κύκλῳ Ιερουσαλημ καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ θάπτων
They poured out their blood like water around Jerusalem, and there was no one to bury them.
The image of blood running like water turns massacre into a public scene, and the absence of a burier underscores total abandonment.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐξέχεανthey poured outVAI AAI3P · χέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristχέω + ἐκ: meaning 'they poured out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἷμαbloodN3M ASN · αἷμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κύκλῳaroundN2 DSM · κύκλοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύκλος: meaning 'around'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙερουσαλημ: meaning 'Jerusalem'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦνthere wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ participant referenceἦν: meaning 'there was'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θάπτωνburyingV1 · παπνσμ θάπτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ θάπτω: meaning 'burying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
ἐγενήθημεν ὄνειδος τοῖς γείτοσιν ἡμῶν μυκτηρισμὸς καὶ χλευασμὸς τοῖς κύκλῳ ἡμῶν
We became a reproach to our neighbors, a mockery and derision to those around us.
The prayer moves from what the invaders did to what the survivors have become: a humiliated object lesson before the surrounding peoples.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐγενήθημενwe becameVCI API1P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'we became'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄνειδοςa reproachN3E ASN · ὄνειδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνειδος: meaning 'a reproach'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γείτοσινneighborsN3N DPM · γείτωνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγείτων: meaning 'neighbors'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μυκτηρισμὸςa mockeryN2 NSM · μυκτηρισμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμυκτηρισμός: meaning 'a mockery'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
χλευασμὸςa derisionN2 NSM · χλευασμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχλευασμός: meaning 'a derision'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῖςto thoseRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύκλῳaroundN2 DSM · κύκλοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύκλος: meaning 'around'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡμῶνusRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
ἕως πότε κύριε ὀργισθήσῃ εἰς τέλος ἐκκαυθήσεται ὡς πῦρ ὁ ζῆλός σου
How long, O Lord? Will you be angry to the end? Will your jealousy burn like fire?
After rehearsing ruin and shame, the psalm finally confronts God with the central question of duration and the felt heat of divine jealousy.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πότεwhenX · πότεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπότε: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ὀργισθήσῃwill you be angryVS FPI2S · ὀργίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὀργίζω: meaning 'will you be angry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςtoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τέλοςthe endN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτέλος: meaning 'the end'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐκκαυθήσεταιwill burnVC FPI3S · καύω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαύω + ἐκ: meaning 'will burn'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ζῆλόςjealousyN2 NSM · ζῆλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceζῆλος: meaning 'jealousy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
6
ἔκχεον τὴν ὀργήν σου ἐπὶ ἔθνη τὰ μὴ γινώσκοντά σε καὶ ἐπὶ βασιλείας αἳ τὸ ὄνομά σου οὐκ ἐπεκαλέσαντο
Pour out your wrath on nations that do not know you, and on kingdoms that have not called upon your name.
The singer asks that wrath be redirected away from God's people and toward the foreign powers whose ignorance of God shows itself in hostile action.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἔκχεονpour outVA AAD2S · χέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχέω + ἐκ: meaning 'pour out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀργήνwrathN1 ASF · ὀργήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀργή: meaning 'wrath'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γινώσκοντάknowingV1 · παπασν γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασν γιγνώσκω: meaning 'knowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βασιλείαςkingdomsN1A GSF · βασιλείαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβασιλεία: meaning 'kingdoms'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αἳwhichRR NPF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαἳ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπεκαλέσαντοcalled uponVAI AMI3P · καλέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκαλέω + ἐπι: meaning 'called upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
ὅτι κατέφαγον τὸν Ιακωβ καὶ τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ ἠρήμωσαν
Because they devoured Jacob and laid waste his place.
This causal line justifies the preceding plea by summarizing the invaders' offense against both the people and their dwelling place.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατέφαγονthey devouredVBI AAI3P · ἐσθίω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐσθίω + κατα: meaning 'they devoured'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙακωβJacobN ASM · Ἰακώβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙακωβ: meaning 'Jacob'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἠρήμωσανthey laid wasteVAI AAI3P · ἐρημόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἐρημόω: meaning 'they laid waste'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
8
μὴ μνησθῇς ἡμῶν ἀνομιῶν ἀρχαίων ταχὺ προκαταλαβέτωσαν ἡμᾶς οἱ οἰκτιρμοί σου ὅτι ἐπτωχεύσαμεν σφόδρα
Do not remember against us the lawless deeds of old; let your compassions quickly overtake us, because we have become utterly poor.
The community acknowledges the weight of inherited guilt yet begs that compassion arrive first, meeting them in their present exhaustion and poverty.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μνησθῇςrememberVS APS2S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyμιμνήσκω: meaning 'remember'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀνομιῶνlawless deedsN1A GPF · ἀνομίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνομία: meaning 'lawless deeds'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀρχαίωνancientA1A GPF · ἀρχαῖοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀρχαῖος: meaning 'ancient'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ταχὺquicklyA3U ASN · ταχύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationταχύς: meaning 'quickly'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
προκαταλαβέτωσανlet overtakeVB AAD3P · λαμβάνω + προ + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateλαμβάνω + προ + κατα: meaning 'let overtake'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἰκτιρμοίcompassionsN2 NPM · οἰκτιρμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοἰκτιρμός: meaning 'compassions'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπτωχεύσαμενwe became poorVAI AAI1P · πτωχεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπτωχεύω: meaning 'we became poor'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σφόδραutterlyD · σφόδραadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: meaning 'utterly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
9
βοήθησον ἡμῖν ὁ θεὸς ὁ σωτὴρ ἡμῶν ἕνεκα τῆς δόξης τοῦ ὀνόματός σου κύριε ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς καὶ ἱλάσθητι ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ἡμῶν ἕνεκα τοῦ ὀνόματός σου
Help us, O God our savior, for the glory of your name; O Lord, rescue us and be merciful to our sins for the sake of your name.
The prayer concentrates its requests into help, rescue, and atoning mercy, grounding every plea in the honor of God's own name.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
βοήθησονhelpVA AAD2S · βοηθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateβοηθέω: meaning 'help'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνusRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁORA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σωτὴρsaviorN3 NSM · σωτήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσωτήρ: meaning 'savior'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἕνεκαfor the sake ofP · ἕνεκαpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕνεκα: meaning 'for the sake of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀνόματόςnameN3M GSN · ὄνομαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ῥῦσαιrescueVA AMD2S · ῥύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateῥύομαι: meaning 'rescue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἱλάσθητιbe mercifulVC APS2S · ἱλάσκομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἱλάσκομαι: meaning 'be merciful'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ταῖςto theRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτίαιςsinsN1A DPF · ἁμαρτίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἁμαρτία: meaning 'sins'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἕνεκαfor the sake ofP · ἕνεκαpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕνεκα: meaning 'for the sake of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀνόματόςnameN3M GSN · ὄνομαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
10
μήποτε εἴπωσιν τὰ ἔθνη ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς αὐτῶν καὶ γνωσθήτω ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἐνώπιον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ἡμῶν ἡ ἐκδίκησις τοῦ αἵματος τῶν δούλων σου τοῦ ἐκκεχυμένου
Lest the nations say, 'Where is their God?' let the vengeance for the poured-out blood of your servants become known among the nations before our eyes.
The concern is not only relief but testimony: God must answer in a way the nations can see, so their mocking question is silenced by visible justice.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
μήποτεlestD · μήποτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμήποτε: meaning 'lest'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴπωσινthey sayVB AAS3P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyεἶπον: meaning 'they say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ποῦwhereD · ποῦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastποῦ: meaning 'where'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνωσθήτωlet be knownVS APD3S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateγιγνώσκω: meaning 'let be known'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'among'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνεσινnationsN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐνώπιονbeforeP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμῶνeyesN2 GPM · ὀφθαλμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκδίκησιςvengeanceN3I NSF · ἐκδίκησιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐκδίκησις: meaning 'vengeance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἵματοςbloodN3M GSN · αἷμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δούλωνservantsN2 GPM · δοῦλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδοῦλος: meaning 'servants'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκκεχυμένουhaving been poured outVM · χμπγσμ χέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπγσμ χέω + ἐκ: meaning 'having been poured out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
11
εἰσελθάτω ἐνώπιόν σου ὁ στεναγμὸς τῶν πεπεδημένων κατὰ τὴν μεγαλωσύνην τοῦ βραχίονός σου περιποίησαι τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν τεθανατωμένων
Let the groaning of the prisoners come before you; according to the greatness of your arm preserve the children of those put to death.
The lament narrows to the vulnerable who remain alive: prisoners, bereaved children, and all who depend on God's mighty arm for preservation.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
εἰσελθάτωlet comeVB AAD3S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἔρχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'let come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνώπιόνbeforeP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιόν: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στεναγμὸςgroaningN2 NSM · στεναγμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceστεναγμός: meaning 'groaning'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πεπεδημένωνhaving been chainedVM · χππγπμ πεδάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχππγπμ πεδάω: meaning 'having been chained'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μεγαλωσύνηνgreatnessN1 ASF · μεγαλωσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμεγαλωσύνη: meaning 'greatness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βραχίονόςarmN3N GSM · βραχίωνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβραχίων: meaning 'arm'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
περιποίησαιpreserveVA AMD2S · ποιέω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateποιέω + περι: meaning 'preserve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὺςchildrenN2 APM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationυἱός: meaning 'children'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τεθανατωμένωνhaving been put to deathVM · χππγπμ θανατόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχππγπμ θανατόω: meaning 'having been put to death'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
12
ἀπόδος τοῖς γείτοσιν ἡμῶν ἑπταπλασίονα εἰς τὸν κόλπον αὐτῶν τὸν ὀνειδισμὸν αὐτῶν ὃν ὠνείδισάν σε κύριε
Repay our neighbors sevenfold into their bosom the reproach with which they reproached you, O Lord.
Neighborly scorn is treated as an affront against the Lord himself, so the psalm asks for a full and intimate repayment of that reproach.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἀπόδοςrepayVO AAD2S · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γείτοσινneighborsN3N DPM · γείτωνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγείτων: meaning 'neighbors'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἑπταπλασίοναsevenfoldA3N APN · ἑπταπλασίωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἑπταπλασίων: meaning 'sevenfold'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κόλπονbosomN2 ASM · κόλποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκόλπος: meaning 'bosom'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀνειδισμὸνreproachN2 ASM · ὀνειδισμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀνειδισμός: meaning 'reproach'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὠνείδισάνthey reproachedVAI AAI3P · ὀνειδίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὀνειδίζω: meaning 'they reproached'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
13
ἡμεῖς δὲ λαός σου καὶ πρόβατα τῆς νομῆς σου ἀνθομολογησόμεθά σοι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα εἰς γενεὰν καὶ γενεὰν ἐξαγγελοῦμεν τὴν αἴνεσίν σου
But we, your people and the sheep of your pasture, will give thanks to you forever; from generation to generation we will proclaim your praise.
The closing contrast turns from enemies and reproach back to covenant identity, ending the lament with a durable promise of thanksgiving and proclamation.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ἡμεῖςweRP NP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμεῖς: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαόςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πρόβαταsheepN2N NPN · πρόβατονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπρόβατον: meaning 'sheep'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νομῆςpastureN1 GSF · νομήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationνομή: meaning 'pasture'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀνθομολογησόμεθάwe will give thanksVF FMI1P · ὁμολογέω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁμολογέω + ἀντι: meaning 'we will give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γενεὰνgenerationN1A ASF · γενεάaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγενεά: meaning 'generation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γενεὰνgenerationN1A ASF · γενεάaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγενεά: meaning 'generation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐξαγγελοῦμενwe will proclaimVF2 FAI1P · ἀγγέλλω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀγγέλλω + ἐκ: meaning 'we will proclaim'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἴνεσίνpraiseN3I ASF · αἴνεσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἴνεσις: meaning 'praise'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.