1
ᾠδὴ ψαλμοῦ τῷ Ασαφ
A song of a psalm for Asaph.
The short heading marks the piece as an Asaphite song before the communal plea begins.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
ᾠδὴsongN1 NSF · ᾠδήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ψαλμοῦof a psalmN2 GSM · ψαλμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationψαλμός: meaning 'of a psalm'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῷfor theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑσαφAsaphN DSM · Ασαφadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑσαφ: meaning 'Asaph'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
2
ὁ θεός τίς ὁμοιωθήσεταί σοι μὴ σιγήσῃς μηδὲ καταπραύ̈νῃς ὁ θεός
O God, who will be likened to you? Do not keep silent, and do not grow still, O God.
The prayer opens by addressing God directly and urgently asking him not to answer the conspiracy with silence.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁμοιωθήσεταίwill be likenedVC FPI3S · ὁμοιόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁμοιόω: meaning 'will be likened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σιγήσῃςbe silentVA AAS2S · σιγάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyσιγάω: meaning 'be silent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μηδὲnorC · μηδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastμηδὲ: meaning 'nor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταπραύ̈νῃςgrow stillVA AAS2S · πραύ̈νω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyπραύ̈νω + κατα: meaning 'grow still'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
3
ὅτι ἰδοὺ οἱ ἐχθροί σου ἤχησαν καὶ οἱ μισοῦντές σε ἦραν κεφαλήν
For behold, your enemies made an uproar, and those who hate you lifted up their head.
The enemies are introduced through audible tumult and proud defiance, showing the crisis has already erupted.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐχθροίenemiesN2 NPM · ἐχθρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐχθρός: meaning 'enemies'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἤχησανmade an uproarVA AAI3P · ἠχέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἠχέω: meaning 'made an uproar'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μισοῦντέςthose hatingV2 · παπνπμ μισέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ μισέω: meaning 'those hating'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἦρανlifted upVAI AAI3P · αἴρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristαἴρω: meaning 'lifted up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κεφαλήνheadN1 ASF · κεφαλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκεφαλή: meaning 'head'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
4
ἐπὶ τὸν λαόν σου κατεπανουργεύσαντο γνώμην καὶ ἐβουλεύσαντο κατὰ τῶν ἁγίων σου
Against your people they plotted craftily, and they took counsel against your holy ones.
Their hostility is not random violence but calculated counsel aimed at God's people and holy ones.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαόνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατεπανουργεύσαντοplotted craftilyVAI AMI3P · πανουργεύομαι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπανουργεύομαι + κατα: meaning 'plotted craftily'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γνώμηνa planN1 ASF · γνώμηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγνώμη: meaning 'a plan'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐβουλεύσαντοtook counselVAI AMI3P · βουλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβουλεύω: meaning 'took counsel'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κατὰagainstP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίωνholy onesA1A GPM · ἅγιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy ones'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
εἶπαν δεῦτε καὶ ἐξολεθρεύσωμεν αὐτοὺς ἐξ ἔθνους καὶ οὐ μὴ μνησθῇ τὸ ὄνομα Ισραηλ ἔτι
They said, “Come, and let us wipe them out from being a nation, and let the name of Israel be remembered no more.”
The psalm quotes the coalition's extermination plan so the desired erasure of Israel becomes explicit.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
εἶπανthey saidVAI AAI3P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'they said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δεῦτεcomeD · δεῦτεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδεῦτε: meaning 'come'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξολεθρεύσωμενlet us wipe outVA AAS1P · ὀλεθρεύω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyὀλεθρεύω + ἐκ: meaning 'let us wipe out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἔθνουςbeing a nationN3E GSN · ἔθνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔθνος: meaning 'being a nation'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μνησθῇbe rememberedVS APS3S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyμιμνήσκω: meaning 'be remembered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτιany longerD · ἔτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἔτι: meaning 'any longer'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
6
ὅτι ἐβουλεύσαντο ἐν ὁμονοίᾳ ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό κατὰ σοῦ διαθήκην διέθεντο
For with one accord they took counsel together; against you they made a covenant:
The lament sums up the conspiracy as a unified pact set not merely against Israel but against God himself.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐβουλεύσαντοtook counselVAI AMI3P · βουλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβουλεύω: meaning 'took counsel'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁμονοίᾳone accordN1A DSF · ὁμόνοιαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὁμόνοια: meaning 'one accord'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτόsameRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτό: meaning 'same'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατὰagainstP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διαθήκηνcovenantN1 ASF · διαθήκηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδιαθήκη: meaning 'covenant'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
διέθεντοmadeVEI AMI3P · τίθημι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι + δια: meaning 'made'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
τὰ σκηνώματα τῶν Ιδουμαίων καὶ οἱ Ισμαηλῖται Μωαβ καὶ οἱ Αγαρηνοί
the tents of the Idumeans and the Ishmaelites, Moab and the Hagarenes,
The first group of nations is named, widening the sense of surrounding pressure on the covenant people.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνώματαtentsN3M NPN · σκήνωμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκήνωμα: meaning 'tents'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
Ιδουμαίωνof the IdumeansN GPM · Ιδουμαίοςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙδουμαίων: meaning 'of the Idumeans'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσμαηλῖταιIshmaelitesN1M NPM · Ισμαηλῖτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceΙσμαηλῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΜωαβMoabN NSM · Μωαβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΜωαβ: meaning 'Moab'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑγαρηνοίHagarenesN NPM · Αγαρηνόςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑγαρηνοί: meaning 'Hagarenes'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
8
Γεβαλ καὶ Αμμων καὶ Αμαληκ καὶ ἀλλόφυλοι μετὰ τῶν κατοικούντων Τύρον
Gebal and Ammon and Amalek, and foreigners with the inhabitants of Tyre.
The list continues with additional peoples, showing the breadth of the anti-Israel alliance.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ΓεβαλGebalN NSM · Γεβαλadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΓεβαλ: meaning 'Gebal'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΑμμωνAmmonN NSM · Αμμωνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑμμων: meaning 'Ammon'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΑμαληκAmalekN NSM · Αμαληκadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑμαληκ: meaning 'Amalek'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀλλόφυλοιforeignersA1B NPM · ἀλλόφυλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀλλόφυλος: meaning 'foreigners'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατοικούντωνthose inhabitingV2 · παπγπμ οἰκέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγπμ οἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'those inhabiting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΤύρονTyreN2 ASM · Τύροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationΤύρον: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
9
καὶ γὰρ καὶ Ασσουρ συμπαρεγένετο μετ' αὐτῶν ἐγενήθησαν εἰς ἀντίλημψιν τοῖς υἱοῖς Λωτ διάψαλμα
For Asshur also joined with them; they became a support for the sons of Lot. Interlude.
Asshur is added as powerful reinforcement, and the note about the sons of Lot clarifies whom the alliance supports.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρindeedX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'indeed'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandD · καίadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΑσσουρAsshurN NSM · Ασσουρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑσσουρ: meaning 'Asshur'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συμπαρεγένετοjoined alongsideVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαι + συν + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι + συν + παρα: meaning 'joined alongside'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐγενήθησανthey becameVCI API3P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'they became'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςasP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀντίλημψινa supportN3I ASF · ἀντίληψιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀντίληψις: meaning 'a support'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςfor theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςsonsN2 DPM · υἱόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΛωτLotN GSM · Λωτadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΛωτ: meaning 'Lot'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διάψαλμαinterludeN3M NSN · διάψαλμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδιάψαλμα: meaning 'interlude'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
10
ποίησον αὐτοῖς ὡς τῇ Μαδιαμ καὶ τῷ Σισαρα ὡς ὁ Ιαβιν ἐν τῷ χειμάρρῳ Κισων
Do to them as you did to Midian, and to Sisera, as to Jabin at the wadi Kishon.
The psalm turns from description to petition, asking God to repeat the kind of victory seen in Judges.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ποίησονdoVA AAD2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῖςto themRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: meaning 'to them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇtoRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΜαδιαμMidianN DSF · Μαδιαμadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΜαδιαμ: meaning 'Midian'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷfor theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣισαραSiseraN DSM · Σισαραadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΣισαρα: meaning 'Sisera'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙαβινJabinN NSM · Ιαβινadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΙαβιν: meaning 'Jabin'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷfor theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χειμάρρῳwadiN2 DSM · χειμάρρουςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceχειμάρρους: meaning 'wadi'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΚισωνKishonN G · Κισωνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΚισων: meaning 'Kishon'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
11
ἐξωλεθρεύθησαν ἐν Αενδωρ ἐγενήθησαν ὡσεὶ κόπρος τῇ γῇ
They were destroyed at Endor; they became like dung for the ground.
Endor is recalled to stress how completely earlier enemies fell under divine judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἐξωλεθρεύθησανthey were destroyedVCI API3P · ὀλεθρεύω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὀλεθρεύω + ἐκ: meaning 'they were destroyed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΑενδωρEndorN D · Αενδωρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΑενδωρ: meaning 'Endor'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγενήθησανthey becameVCI API3P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'they became'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡσεὶlikeC · ὡσείconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κόπροςdungN2 NSF · κόπροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκόπρος: meaning 'dung'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῇtoRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῇgroundN1 DSF · γῆdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγῆ: meaning 'ground'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
12
θοῦ τοὺς ἄρχοντας αὐτῶν ὡς τὸν Ωρηβ καὶ Ζηβ καὶ Ζεβεε καὶ Σαλμανα πάντας τοὺς ἄρχοντας αὐτῶν
Make their rulers like Oreb and Zeeb, and Zebee and Salmana, all their rulers,
Named leaders from the older victories become models for what the psalm asks God to do again.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
θοῦmakeVE AMD2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateτίθημι: meaning 'make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρχονταςrulersN3 APM · ἄρχωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄρχων: meaning 'rulers'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΩρηβOrebN ASM · Ωρηβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΩρηβ: meaning 'Oreb'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΖηβZeebN ASM · Ζηβadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΖηβ: meaning 'Zeeb'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΖεβεεZebeeN ASM · Ζεβεεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΖεβεε: meaning 'Zebee'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΣαλμαναSalmanaN ASM · Σαλμαναadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΣαλμανα: meaning 'Salmana'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάνταςallA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄρχονταςrulersN3 APM · ἄρχωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄρχων: meaning 'rulers'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
13
οἵτινες εἶπαν κληρονομήσωμεν ἑαυτοῖς τὸ ἁγιαστήριον τοῦ θεοῦ
who said, “Let us seize for ourselves the sanctuary of God.”
The enemy ambition is exposed as a grab for God's own sanctuary, heightening the sacrilegious character of the threat.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
οἵτινεςwhoRX NPM · ὅστιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὅστις: meaning 'who'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἶπανthey saidVAI AAI3P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'they said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κληρονομήσωμενlet us seize as inheritanceVA AAS1P · κληρονομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyκληρονομέω: meaning 'let us seize as inheritance'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἑαυτοῖςfor ourselvesRD DPM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἑαυτοῖς: meaning 'for ourselves'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγιαστήριονsanctuaryN2N ASN · ἁγιαστήριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἁγιαστήριον: meaning 'sanctuary'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
14
ὁ θεός μου θοῦ αὐτοὺς ὡς τροχόν ὡς καλάμην κατὰ πρόσωπον ἀνέμου
O my God, make them like a wheel, like straw before the wind,
The petition shifts to vivid judgment imagery, asking that the hostile rulers be made unstable and weightless.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θοῦmakeVE AMD2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateτίθημι: meaning 'make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τροχόνwheelN2 ASM · τροχόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτροχός: meaning 'wheel'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καλάμηνstrawN1 ASF · καλάμηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαλάμη: meaning 'straw'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κατὰagainstP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πρόσωπονfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀνέμουwindN2 GSM · ἄνεμοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνεμος: meaning 'wind'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
15
ὡσεὶ πῦρ ὃ διαφλέξει δρυμόν ὡς εἰ φλὸξ κατακαύσαι ὄρη
like fire that will burn through a forest, like a flame if it should set mountains ablaze.
Fire imagery intensifies the request, portraying divine judgment as something sweeping and inescapable.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὡσεὶlikeC · ὡσείconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡσεὶ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πῦρfireN3 ASN · πῦρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὃwhichRR ASN · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διαφλέξειwill burn throughVF FAI3S · φλέγω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφλέγω + δια: meaning 'will burn through'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δρυμόνforestN2 ASM · δρυμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδρυμός: meaning 'forest'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰifC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φλὸξflameN3G NSF · φλόξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφλόξ: meaning 'flame'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κατακαύσαιshould burn upVA AAN · καίω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementκαίω + κατα: meaning 'should burn up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄρηmountainsN3E APN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
16
οὕτως καταδιώξεις αὐτοὺς ἐν τῇ καταιγίδι σου καὶ ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ σου ταράξεις αὐτούς
So you will pursue them with your tempest, and with your anger you will throw them into panic.
The storm metaphor becomes direct address again, asking God to chase and terrify the coalition with his own wrath.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταδιώξειςyou will pursueVF FAI2S · διώκω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδιώκω + κατα: meaning 'you will pursue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtoRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καταιγίδιtempestN3D DSF · καταιγίςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαταιγίς: meaning 'tempest'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtoRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀργῇangerN1 DSF · ὀργήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὀργή: meaning 'anger'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ταράξειςyou will troubleVF FAI2S · ταράσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureταράσσω: meaning 'you will trouble'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
17
πλήρωσον τὰ πρόσωπα αὐτῶν ἀτιμίας καὶ ζητήσουσιν τὸ ὄνομά σου κύριε
Fill their faces with dishonor, and they will seek your name, O Lord.
Dishonor is requested with a redemptive aim: that public shame drive the nations to seek the Lord's name.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
πλήρωσονfillVA AAD2S · πληρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπληρόω: meaning 'fill'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρόσωπαfacesN2N APN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'faces'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀτιμίαςwith dishonorN1A GSF · ἀτιμίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀτιμία: meaning 'with dishonor'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ζητήσουσινthey will seekVF FAI3P · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureζητέω: meaning 'they will seek'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
18
αἰσχυνθήτωσαν καὶ ταραχθήτωσαν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ ἐντραπήτωσαν καὶ ἀπολέσθωσαν
Let them be ashamed and troubled forever and ever; let them be disgraced and perish.
The closing curse presses beyond temporary defeat to enduring disgrace and final ruin for unrepentant enemies.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
αἰσχυνθήτωσανlet them be ashamedVC APD3P · αἰσχύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἰσχύνω: meaning 'let them be ashamed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταραχθήτωσανlet them be troubledVQ APD3P · ταράσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateταράσσω: meaning 'let them be troubled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςasP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναforeverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'forever'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶνοςof everN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἰών: meaning 'of ever'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐντραπήτωσανlet them be disgracedVD APD3P · τρέπω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateτρέπω + ἐν: meaning 'let them be disgraced'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπολέσθωσανlet them perishVB AMD3P · ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'let them perish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
19
καὶ γνώτωσαν ὅτι ὄνομά σοι κύριος σὺ μόνος ὕψιστος ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν
And let them know that your name is Lord, you alone the Most High over all the earth.
The psalm ends with the theological goal of the whole prayer: universal acknowledgment that the Lord alone is Most High.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνώτωσανlet them knowVZ AAD3P · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateγιγνώσκω: meaning 'let them know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μόνοςaloneA1 NSM · μόνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμόνος: meaning 'alone'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὕψιστοςMost HighA1 NSM · ὕψιστοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕψιστος: meaning 'Most High'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πᾶσανallA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνearthN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.