1
ἐν τῷ θλίβεσθαί με ἐπεκαλεσάμην τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου εἰς βοήθειαν ἤλπισα τοῦ θεοῦ Ιακωβ καὶ ἐσώθην ὅτι ἐλπὶς καὶ καταφυγὴ τῶν πτωχῶν σύ ὁ θεός
When I was in distress, I called on the name of the Lord for help; I hoped in the God of Jacob and I was saved, because you, O God, are the hope and refuge of the poor.
The psalm begins with remembered distress and rescue, grounding everything that follows in answered prayer.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
τῷto theRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θλίβεσθαίto be afflictedV1 PMN · θλίβωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingθλίβω: meaning 'to be afflicted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἐπεκαλεσάμηνI called uponVAI AMI1S · καλέω + ἐπιmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingκαλέω + ἐπι: meaning 'I called upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκύριος: meaning 'of the Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
βοήθειανhelpN1A ASF · βοήθειαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionβοήθεια: meaning 'help'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἤλπισαI hopedVAI AAI1S · ἐλπίζωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingἐλπίζω: meaning 'I hoped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ΙακωβJacobN GSM · Ἰακώβsupporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation→ supporting term contributing to the psalm's wording and imageryΙακωβ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as supporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐσώθηνI was savedVCI API1S · σώζωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingσώζω: meaning 'I was saved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλπὶςhopeN3D NSF · ἐλπίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταφυγὴrefugeN1 NSF · καταφυγήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineκαταφυγή: meaning 'refuge'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
πτωχῶνpoorN2 GPM · πτωχόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionπτωχός: meaning 'poor'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
σύyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineσύ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
2
τίς γὰρ ἰσχύει ὁ θεός εἰ μὴ ἐξομολογήσασθαί σοι ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ τί δυνατὸς ἄνθρωπος εἰ μὴ ἐξομολογήσασθαι τῷ ὀνόματί σου
For what strength has God, if not that one should give thanks to you in truth? And what power has a human being, if not to give thanks to your name?
The speaker turns testimony into theological confession: true thanksgiving is the proper exercise of both divine strength and human capacity.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
τίςwhatRI NSM · τίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineτίς: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰσχύειis strongV1 PAI3S · ἰσχύωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingἰσχύω: meaning 'is strong'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
εἰifC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnot exceptD · μήsupporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation→ supporting term contributing to the psalm's wording and imageryμὴ: meaning 'not except'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἐξομολογήσασθαίto give thanksVA AMN · ὁμολογέω + ἐκmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'to give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
ἀληθείᾳtruthN1A DSF · ἀλήθειαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceἀλήθεια: meaning 'truth'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
δυνατὸςableA1 NSM · δυνατόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineδυνατός: meaning 'able'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ἄνθρωποςhuman beingN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineἄνθρωπος: meaning 'human being'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
εἰifC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnot exceptD · μήsupporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation→ supporting term contributing to the psalm's wording and imageryμὴ: meaning 'not except'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἐξομολογήσασθαιto give thanksVA AMN · ὁμολογέω + ἐκmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'to give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
τῷto theRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ὀνόματίnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
3
ψαλμὸν καινὸν μετὰ ᾠδῆς ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ καρδίας καρπὸν χειλέων ἐν ὀργάνῳ ἡρμοσμένῳ γλώσσης ἀπαρχὴν χειλέων ἀπὸ καρδίας ὁσίας καὶ δικαίας
A new psalm with song, with gladness of heart, the fruit of lips, with an instrument fitted to the tongue, the firstfruits of lips from a holy and righteous heart.
A richly layered account of praise presents worship as heartfelt, vocal, and ordered toward God.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ψαλμὸνpsalmN2 ASF · ψαλμόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionψαλμός: meaning 'psalm'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
καινὸνnewA1 ASM · καινόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionκαινός: meaning 'new'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultμετὰ: meaning 'with'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠδῆςsongN1 GSF · ᾠδήgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
εὐφροσύνῃgladnessN1 DSF · εὐφροσύνηdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'gladness'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
καρδίαςof heartN1A GSF · καρδίαgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκαρδία: meaning 'of heart'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
καρπὸνfruitN2 ASM · καρπόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionκαρπός: meaning 'fruit'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
χειλέωνof lipsN3E GPN · χεῖλοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionχεῖλος: meaning 'of lips'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
ὀργάνῳinstrumentN2N DSN · ὄργανονdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὄργανον: meaning 'instrument'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
ἡρμοσμένῳhaving been fittedVM · χμπδσν ἁρμόζωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingχμπδσν ἁρμόζω: meaning 'having been fitted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
γλώσσηςto the tongueN1S GSF · γλῶσσαgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionγλῶσσα: meaning 'to the tongue'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἀπαρχὴνfirstfruitsN1 ASF · ἀπαρχήaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionἀπαρχή: meaning 'firstfruits'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
χειλέωνof lipsN3E GPN · χεῖλοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionχεῖλος: meaning 'of lips'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
καρδίαςof heartN1A GSF · καρδίαgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκαρδία: meaning 'of heart'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ὁσίαςholyA1A GSF · ὅσιοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὅσιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δικαίαςrighteousA1A GSF · δίκαιοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
4
ὁ ποιῶν ταῦτα οὐ σαλευθήσεται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ἀπὸ κακοῦ φλὸξ πυρὸς καὶ ὀργὴ ἀδίκων οὐχ ἅψεται αὐτοῦ
The one who does these things shall never be shaken by evil forever; flame of fire and the wrath of the unjust shall not touch him,
The worshiper who offers such praise is promised enduring stability and protection from destructive wrath.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ποιῶνdoingV2 · παπνσμ ποιέωparticiple modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea→ participial nuance adding attendant action, state, or characterizationπαπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'doing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionοὗτος: meaning 'these things'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σαλευθήσεταιwill be shakenVC FPI3S · σαλεύωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingσαλεύω: meaning 'will be shaken'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
κακοῦevilA1 GSM · κακόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
φλὸξflameN3G NSF · φλόξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineφλόξ: meaning 'flame'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
πυρὸςof fireN2 NSM · πυρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineπυρός: meaning 'of fire'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὀργὴwrathN1 NSF · ὀργήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὀργή: meaning 'wrath'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ἀδίκωνof the unjustA1B GPM · ἄδικοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionἄδικος: meaning 'of the unjust'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
οὐχnotD · οὐconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἅψεταιwill touchVF FMI3S · ἅπτομαιmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingἅπτομαι: meaning 'will touch'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
5
ὅταν ἐξέλθῃ ἐπὶ ἁμαρτωλοὺς ἀπὸ προσώπου κυρίου ὀλεθρεῦσαι πᾶσαν ὑπόστασιν ἁμαρτωλῶν
when it goes out against sinners from the face of the Lord to destroy every substance of sinners.
That protection is defined against the backdrop of judgment going forth from the Lord against sinners.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτανwheneverD · ὅτανconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultὅταν: meaning 'whenever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξέλθῃit goes outVB AAS3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'it goes out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐπὶ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
ἁμαρτωλοὺςsinnersA1B APM · ἁμαρτωλόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinners'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
προσώπουfaceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκύριος: meaning 'of the Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ὀλεθρεῦσαιto destroyVA AAN · ὀλεθρεύωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingὀλεθρεύω: meaning 'to destroy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
πᾶσανeveryA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ὑπόστασινsubstanceN3I ASF · ὑπόστασιςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὑπόστασις: meaning 'substance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἁμαρτωλῶνof sinnersA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'of sinners'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
6
ὅτι τὸ σημεῖον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ δικαίους εἰς σωτηρίαν
For the sign of God is upon the righteous for salvation.
The central claim is stated compactly: the righteous bear God's sign unto salvation.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultὅτι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
σημεῖονsignN2 ASN · σημεῖονaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionσημεῖον: meaning 'sign'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐπὶ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
δικαίουςrighteousA1A APM · δίκαιοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
σωτηρίανsalvationN1A ASF · σωτηρίαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionσωτηρία: meaning 'salvation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
7
λιμὸς καὶ ῥομφαία καὶ θάνατος ἀπὸ δικαίων μακράν φεύξονται γὰρ ὡς διωκόμενοι πολέμου ἀπὸ ὁσίων
Famine and sword and death shall flee far from the righteous, for they shall flee from the holy ones like men pursued in war.
Agents of devastation flee far from the righteous and recoil from the holy community.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
λιμὸςfamineN2 NSM · λιμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineλιμός: meaning 'famine'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ῥομφαίαswordN1A NSF · ῥομφαίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineῥομφαία: meaning 'sword'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θάνατοςdeathN2 NSM · θάνατοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineθάνατος: meaning 'death'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
δικαίωνfrom righteous onesA1A GPM · δίκαιοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionδίκαιος: meaning 'from righteous ones'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
μακράνfar awayD · μακράνsupporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation→ supporting term contributing to the psalm's wording and imageryμακράν: meaning 'far away'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
φεύξονταιwill fleeVF FMI3P · φεύγωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingφεύγω: meaning 'will flee'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διωκόμενοιbeing pursuedV1 · πμπνπμ διώκωparticiple modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea→ participial nuance adding attendant action, state, or characterizationπμπνπμ διώκω: meaning 'being pursued'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea.
πολέμουof warN2 GSM · πόλεμοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionπόλεμος: meaning 'of war'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
ὁσίωνholy onesA1A GPM · ὅσιοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὅσιος: meaning 'holy ones'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
8
καταδιώξονται δὲ ἁμαρτωλοὺς καὶ καταλήμψονται καὶ οὐκ ἐκφεύξονται οἱ ποιοῦντες ἀνομίαν τὸ κρίμα κυρίου
But they shall pursue sinners and overtake them, and those who practice lawlessness shall not escape the judgment of the Lord.
Those same forces turn instead upon sinners, who cannot evade the Lord's judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καταδιώξονταιthey will pursueVF FMI3P · διώκω + καταmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingδιώκω + κατα: meaning 'they will pursue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
δὲbutX · δέconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁμαρτωλοὺςsinnersA1B APM · ἁμαρτωλόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinners'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταλήμψονταιthey will overtakeVF FMI3P · λαμβάνω + καταmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingλαμβάνω + κατα: meaning 'they will overtake'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκοὐκD · οὐconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultοὐκ: meaning 'οὐκ'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκφεύξονταιthey will escapeVF FMI3P · φεύγω + ἐκmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingφεύγω + ἐκ: meaning 'they will escape'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
οἱthose whoRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineοἱ: meaning 'those who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ποιοῦντεςdoingV2 · παπνπμ ποιέωparticiple modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea→ participial nuance adding attendant action, state, or characterizationπαπνπμ ποιέω: meaning 'doing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea.
ἀνομίανlawlessnessN1A ASF · ἀνομίαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionἀνομία: meaning 'lawlessness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκύριος: meaning 'of the Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
9
ὡς ὑπὸ πολεμίων ἐμπείρων καταλημφθήσονται τὸ γὰρ σημεῖον τῆς ἀπωλείας ἐπὶ τοῦ μετώπου αὐτῶν
They shall be caught like men seized by experienced enemies, for the sign of destruction is upon their forehead.
The wicked are pictured as captured by seasoned enemies, already marked on the forehead for destruction.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὡςasC · ὡςconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
πολεμίωνenemiesA1A GPM · πολέμιοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionπολέμιος: meaning 'enemies'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἐμπείρωνexperiencedA1B GPM · ἔμπειροςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionἔμπειρος: meaning 'experienced'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
καταλημφθήσονταιthey will be seizedVV FPI3P · λαμβάνω + καταmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingλαμβάνω + κατα: meaning 'they will be seized'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σημεῖονsignN2 ASN · σημεῖονaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionσημεῖον: meaning 'sign'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
τῆςτῆςRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἀπωλείαςof destructionN1A GSF · ἀπώλειαgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionἀπώλεια: meaning 'of destruction'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐπὶ: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
μετώπουforeheadN2N GSN · μέτωπονgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionμέτωπον: meaning 'forehead'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
10
καὶ ἡ κληρονομία τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν ἀπώλεια καὶ σκότος καὶ αἱ ἀνομίαι αὐτῶν διώξονται αὐτοὺς ἕως ᾅδου κάτω
And the inheritance of sinners is destruction and darkness, and their lawless deeds will pursue them down to Hades.
Their inheritance is named in terms of ruin, darkness, and relentless pursuit down to Hades.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡἡRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
κληρονομίαinheritanceN1A NSF · κληρονομίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineκληρονομία: meaning 'inheritance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἁμαρτωλῶνof sinnersA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'of sinners'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
ἀπώλειαἀπώλειαN1A NSF · ἀπώλειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineἀπώλεια: meaning 'ἀπώλεια'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκότοςdarknessN3E AS · σκότοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionσκότος: meaning 'darkness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ἀνομίαιlawless deedsN1A NPF · ἀνομίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineἀνομία: meaning 'lawless deeds'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
διώξονταιwill pursueVF FMI3P · διώκωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingδιώκω: meaning 'will pursue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
ᾅδουHadesN1M GSM · ᾅδηςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionᾅδης: meaning 'Hades'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
κάτωbelowD · κάτωsupporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation→ supporting term contributing to the psalm's wording and imageryκάτω: meaning 'below'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
11
ἡ κληρονομία αὐτῶν οὐχ εὑρεθήσεται τοῖς τέκνοις αὐτῶν αἱ γὰρ ἁμαρτίαι ἐξερημώσουσιν οἴκους ἁμαρτωλῶν
Their inheritance shall not be found for their children, for sins will lay waste the houses of sinners.
Judgment reaches beyond the sinner personally into house, children, and legacy.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἡἡRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
κληρονομίαinheritanceN1A NSF · κληρονομίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineκληρονομία: meaning 'inheritance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
οὐχnotD · οὐconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultοὐχ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὑρεθήσεταιwill be foundVC FPI3S · εὑρίσκωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingεὑρίσκω: meaning 'will be found'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
τοῖςfor theRA DPN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
τέκνοιςchildrenN2N DPN · τέκνονdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceτέκνον: meaning 'children'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁμαρτίαιsinsN1A NPF · ἁμαρτίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineἁμαρτία: meaning 'sins'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ἐξερημώσουσινwill lay wasteVF FAI3P · ἐρημόω + ἐκmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingἐρημόω + ἐκ: meaning 'will lay waste'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
οἴκουςhousesN2 APM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionοἶκος: meaning 'houses'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἁμαρτωλῶνof sinnersA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'of sinners'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
12
καὶ ἀπολοῦνται ἁμαρτωλοὶ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως κυρίου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ὅταν ἐπισκέπτηται ὁ θεὸς τὴν γῆν ἐν κρίματι αὐτοῦ
And sinners shall perish forever in the day of the Lord's judgment, when God visits the earth in his judgment.
The final day of the Lord's visitation on the earth seals the everlasting ruin of sinners.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπολοῦνταιwill perishVF2 FMI3P · ὀλλύω + ἀποmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'will perish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
ἁμαρτωλοὶἁμαρτωλοὶA1B NPM · ἁμαρτωλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'ἁμαρτωλοὶ'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
κρίσεωςof judgmentN3I GSF · κρίσιςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκρίσις: meaning 'of judgment'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionκύριος: meaning 'of the Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ὅτανwheneverD · ὅτανconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultὅταν: meaning 'whenever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπισκέπτηταιvisitsV1 PMS3S · σκέπτομαι + ἐπιmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingσκέπτομαι + ἐπι: meaning 'visits'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
θεὸςθεὸςN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineθεός: meaning 'θεὸς'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
τὴντὴνRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆνearthN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
κρίματιjudgmentN3M DSN · κρίμαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
13
οἱ δὲ φοβούμενοι τὸν κύριον ἐλεηθήσονται ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ ζήσονται ἐν τῇ ἐλεημοσύνῃ τοῦ θεοῦ αὐτῶν καὶ ἁμαρτωλοὶ ἀπολοῦνται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα χρόνον ὕμνος τῷ Σαλωμων εἰς ἀντίληψιν ὁσίοις
But those who fear the Lord shall find mercy in it and shall live by the compassion of their God, while sinners shall perish forever. A hymn of Solomon for support to the holy ones.
The psalm ends by opposing mercy and life for the God-fearing to eternal perishing for sinners, then closes with its liturgical colophon.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
οἱthose whoRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineοἱ: meaning 'those who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
δὲbutX · δέconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φοβούμενοιthose fearingV2 · πμπνπμ φοβέωparticiple modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea→ participial nuance adding attendant action, state, or characterizationπμπνπμ φοβέω: meaning 'those fearing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle modifying a nearby noun or supplementing the main verbal idea.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ἐλεηθήσονταιwill be shown mercyVC FPI3P · ἐλεέωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingἐλεέω: meaning 'will be shown mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ζήσονταιwill liveVF FMI3P · ζάωmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingζάω: meaning 'will live'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
τῇτῇRA DSF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐλεημοσύνῃcompassionN1 DSF · ἐλεημοσύνηdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceἐλεημοσύνη: meaning 'compassion'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification→ content term qualifying another element through relation or possessionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking possession, source, relation, or specification.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, reasons, contrasts, or purposes in the psalm's movement→ discourse connector organizing praise, explanation, contrast, or resultκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁμαρτωλοὶἁμαρτωλοὶA1B NPM · ἁμαρτωλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'ἁμαρτωλοὶ'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
ἀπολοῦνταιwill perishVF2 FMI3P · ὀλλύω + ἀποmain verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause→ core verbal assertion advancing the psalm's prayer, contrast, or thanksgivingὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'will perish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal element carrying the action, confession, promise, warning, or praise of the clause.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ὕμνοςhymnN2 NSM · ὕμνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor→ content term supplying the subject matter or imagery of the lineὕμνος: meaning 'hymn'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, apposition, or substantive descriptor.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ΣαλωμωνSolomonN DSM · Σαλωμώνsupporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation→ supporting term contributing to the psalm's wording and imageryΣαλωμων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as supporting nominal or helper element functioning according to its local form and phrase relation.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison→ relational term specifying how the phrase connects within the sentenceεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its phrase and marking source, sphere, direction, relation, or comparison.
ἀντίληψινsupportN3I ASF · ἀντίληψιςaccusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause→ content term receiving or specifying the verbal actionἀντίληψις: meaning 'support'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, complement, or extent within the clause.
ὁσίοιςfor holy onesA1A DPN · ὅσιοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location→ content term locating the action or indicating means or referenceὅσιος: meaning 'for holy ones'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, recipient, or location.