1
ἐν τῷ νυστάξαι ψυχήν μου ἀπὸ κυρίου παρὰ μικρὸν ὠλίσθησα ἐν καταφορᾷ ὑπνούντων μακρὰν ἀπὸ θεοῦ
When my soul grew drowsy away from the Lord, I almost slipped in the stupor of sleepers far from God.
The speaker opens by recalling how spiritual drowsiness almost carried him away from the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
νυστάξαιgrow drowsyVS AAN · νυστάζωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveνυστάζω: meaning 'grow drowsy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
παρὰnear / almostP · παράconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπαρὰ: meaning 'near'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μικρὸνsmall / littleA1A ASM · μικρόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμικρός: meaning 'small'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὠλίσθησαslipVAI AAI1S · ὀλισθαίνωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ aoristὀλισθαίνω: meaning 'slip'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
καταφορᾷstuporN1A DSF · καταφοράdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαταφορά: meaning 'stupor'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὑπνούντωνsleepV4 · παπγπμ ὑπνόωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπγπμ ὑπνόω: meaning 'sleep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
μακρὰνfar awayD · μακράνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμακρὰν: meaning 'far away'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
2
παρ' ὀλίγον ἐξεχύθη ἡ ψυχή μου εἰς θάνατον σύνεγγυς πυλῶν ᾅδου μετὰ ἁμαρτωλοῦ
I nearly poured my life out into death, coming close to the gates of Hades in company with a sinner.
The peril is sharpened into near death and proximity to the realm of the dead.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
παρ'near / almostP · παράconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπαρ': meaning 'near'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὀλίγονlittleA1 ASM · ὀλίγοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὀλίγος: meaning 'little'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐξεχύθηpour outVCI API3S · χέω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ aorist passiveχέω + ἐκ: meaning 'pour out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ψυχήsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςintoP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θάνατονdeathN2 ASM · θάνατοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθάνατος: meaning 'death'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
σύνεγγυςnearD · σύνεγγυςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσύνεγγυς: meaning 'near'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πυλῶνgateN1 GPF · πύληgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπύλη: meaning 'gate'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ᾅδουHadesN1M GSM · ᾅδηςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireᾅδης: meaning 'Hades'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
μετὰwithP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἁμαρτωλοῦsinnerA1B GSM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
3
ἐν τῷ διενεχθῆναι ψυχήν μου ἀπὸ κυρίου θεοῦ Ισραηλ εἰ μὴ ὁ κύριος ἀντελάβετό μου τῷ ἐλέει αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα
When my soul was being dragged away from the Lord, the God of Israel, the Lord helped me with his mercy forever.
The psalm pivots from danger to divine intervention, crediting the Lord's enduring mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
διενεχθῆναιcarry awayVQ APN · φέρω + διαmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ verbal formφέρω + δια: meaning 'carry away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GS · Ἰσραήλnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
εἰifC · εἰconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireεἰ: meaning 'if'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμὴ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀντελάβετόhelp / take holdVBI AMI3S · λαμβάνω + ἀντιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ aorist middleλαμβάνω + ἀντι: meaning 'help'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐλέειmercyN3E DSN · ἔλεοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςintoP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
4
ἔνυξέν με ὡς κέντρον ἵππου ἐπὶ τὴν γρηγόρησιν αὐτοῦ ὁ σωτὴρ καὶ ἀντιλήπτωρ μου ἐν παντὶ καιρῷ ἔσωσέν με
My savior and helper pricked me awake like a horse's goad, and at every moment he saved me.
God's saving action is pictured as a painful but merciful awakening into vigilance.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἔνυξένprick / pierceVAI AAI3S · νύσσωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ aoristνύσσω: meaning 'prick'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
μεI / me / myRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμε: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κέντρονgoadN2N NSN · κέντρονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκέντρον: meaning 'goad'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἵππουhorseN2 GSM · ἵπποςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἵππος: meaning 'horse'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γρηγόρησινwakefulnessN3I ASF · γρηγόρησιςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireγρηγόρησις: meaning 'wakefulness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σωτὴρsaviorN3 NSM · σωτήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσωτήρ: meaning 'savior'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀντιλήπτωρhelperN3T NSM · ἀντιλήπτωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀντιλήπτωρ: meaning 'helper'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
παντὶall / everyA3 DSM · πᾶςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καιρῷtimeN2 DSM · καιρόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαιρός: meaning 'time'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἔσωσένsaveVAI AAI3S · σώζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ aoristσώζω: meaning 'save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
μεI / me / myRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμε: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
5
ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι ὁ θεός ὅτι ἀντελάβου μου εἰς σωτηρίαν καὶ οὐκ ἐλογίσω με μετὰ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν εἰς ἀπώλειαν
I will give thanks to you, O God, because you took hold of me for salvation and did not count me with sinners for destruction.
The rescued worshiper answers deliverance with praise and gratitude.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἐξομολογήσομαίgive thanks / confessVF FMI1S · ὁμολογέω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ futureὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
σοιyouRP DS · σύdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσοι: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀντελάβουhelp / take holdVBI AMI2S · λαμβάνω + ἀντιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ aorist middleλαμβάνω + ἀντι: meaning 'help'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςintoP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σωτηρίανsalvationN1A ASF · σωτηρίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσωτηρία: meaning 'salvation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐλογίσωcount / reckonVAI AMI2S · λογίζομαιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ aorist middleλογίζομαι: meaning 'count'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
μεI / me / myRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμε: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μετὰwithP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἁμαρτωλῶνsinnerA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςintoP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀπώλειανdestructionN1A ASF · ἀπώλειαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
6
μὴ ἀποστήσῃς τὸ ἔλεός σου ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ὁ θεός μηδὲ τὴν μνήμην σου ἀπὸ καρδίας μου ἕως θανάτου
Do not remove your mercy from me, O God, nor let remembrance of you leave my heart until death.
He asks that divine mercy and remembrance remain with him to the end of life.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
μὴnotD · μήconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμὴ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀποστήσῃςremove / turn awayVA AAS2S · ἵστημι + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ verbal formἵστημι + ἀπο: meaning 'remove'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔλεόςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐμοῦI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐγώ: meaning 'I'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μηδὲnorC · μηδέconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμηδὲ: meaning 'nor'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
μνήμηνremembranceN1 ASF · μνήμηaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμνήμη: meaning 'remembrance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
καρδίαςheartN1A GSF · καρδίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θανάτουdeathN2 GSM · θάνατοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθάνατος: meaning 'death'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
7
ἐπικράτησόν μου ὁ θεός ἀπὸ ἁμαρτίας πονηρᾶς καὶ ἀπὸ πάσης γυναικὸς πονηρᾶς σκανδαλιζούσης ἄφρονα
Master me, O God, away from wicked sin and from every evil woman who trips up the foolish.
The prayer turns to moral protection from wicked desire and corrupting influence.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐπικράτησόνtake control ofVF · φαπασν κρατέω + ἐπιparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleφαπασν κρατέω + ἐπι: meaning 'take control of'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
πονηρᾶςevil / wickedA1A GSF · πονηρόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπονηρός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πάσηςall / everyA1S GSF · πᾶςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
γυναικὸςwomanN3K GSF · γυνήgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireγυνή: meaning 'woman'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
πονηρᾶςevil / wickedA1A GSF · πονηρόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπονηρός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
σκανδαλιζούσηςcause to stumbleV1 · παπγσφ σκανδαλίζωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπγσφ σκανδαλίζω: meaning 'cause to stumble'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ἄφροναfoolishA3N ASM · ἄφρωνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἄφρων: meaning 'foolish'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
8
καὶ μὴ ἀπατησάτω με κάλλος γυναικὸς παρανομούσης καὶ παντὸς ὑποκειμένου ἀπὸ ἁμαρτίας ἀνωφελοῦς
Do not let the beauty of a lawless woman deceive me, nor anything set before me from useless sin.
The same plea is restated with special focus on deceptive beauty and futile temptation.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμὴ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀπατησάτωdeceiveVA AAD3S · ἀπατάωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleἀπατάω: meaning 'deceive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
μεI / me / myRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμε: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
κάλλοςbeautyN3E ASN · κάλλοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκάλλος: meaning 'beauty'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
γυναικὸςwomanN3K GSF · γυνήgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireγυνή: meaning 'woman'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
παρανομούσηςact lawlesslyV2 · παπγσφ νομέω + παραparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπγσφ νομέω + παρα: meaning 'act lawlessly'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
παντὸςall / everyA3 GSM · πᾶςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὑποκειμένουlie before / be set underV5 · πμπγσμ κεῖμαι + ὑποparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπμπγσμ κεῖμαι + ὑπο: meaning 'lie before'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀνωφελοῦςuselessA3H GSM · ἀνωφελήςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀνωφελής: meaning 'useless'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
9
τὰ ἔργα τῶν χειρῶν μου κατεύθυνον ἐν τόπῳ σου καὶ τὰ διαβήματά μου ἐν τῇ μνήμῃ σου διαφύλαξον
Direct the works of my hands in your presence, and guard my steps in remembrance of you.
The psalmist asks God to order both deeds and daily course.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔργαworkN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἔργον: meaning 'work'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
χειρῶνhandN3 GPF · χείρgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
κατεύθυνονdirectVA AAD2S · εὐθυν́ω + καταimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formεὐθυν́ω + κατα: meaning 'direct'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τόπῳplaceN2 DSM · τόποςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
διαβήματάstepN3M APN · διάβημαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireδιάβημα: meaning 'step'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
μνήμῃremembranceN1 DSF · μνήμηdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμνήμη: meaning 'remembrance'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
διαφύλαξονguardVA AAD2S · φυλάσσω + διαimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formφυλάσσω + δια: meaning 'guard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
10
τὴν γλῶσσάν μου καὶ τὰ χείλη μου ἐν λόγοις ἀληθείας περίστειλον ὀργὴν καὶ θυμὸν ἄλογον μακρὰν ποίησον ἀπ' ἐμοῦ
Surround my tongue and my lips with words of truth; make irrational anger and rage far from me.
He seeks truthful speech and the removal of uncontrolled anger.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γλῶσσάνtongueN1S ASF · γλῶσσαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireγλῶσσα: meaning 'tongue'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
χείληlipN3E APN · χεῖλοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireχεῖλος: meaning 'lip'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
λόγοιςwordN2 DPM · λόγοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἀληθείαςtruthN1A GSF · ἀλήθειαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀλήθεια: meaning 'truth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
περίστειλονsurround / restrainVA AAD2S · στέλλω + περιimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formστέλλω + περι: meaning 'surround'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
ὀργὴνangerN1 ASF · ὀργήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὀργή: meaning 'anger'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θυμὸνrageN2 ASM · θυμόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθυμός: meaning 'rage'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἄλογονirrationalA1B ASM · ἄλογοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἄλογος: meaning 'irrational'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μακρὰνfar awayD · μακράνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμακρὰν: meaning 'far away'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ποίησονmake / doVA AAD2S · ποιέωimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formποιέω: meaning 'make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐμοῦI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐγώ: meaning 'I'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
11
γογγυσμὸν καὶ ὀλιγοψυχίαν ἐν θλίψει μάκρυνον ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ἐὰν ἁμαρτήσω ἐν τῷ σε παιδεύειν εἰς ἐπιστροφήν
Take grumbling and faintheartedness far from me in affliction, if I sin while you discipline me for repentance.
Even under discipline, he asks to be kept from resentment and collapse of heart.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
γογγυσμὸνgrumblingN2 ASM · γογγυσμόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireγογγυσμός: meaning 'grumbling'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὀλιγοψυχίανfaintheartednessN1A ASF · ὀλιγοψυχίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὀλιγοψυχία: meaning 'faintheartedness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θλίψειafflictionN3I DSF · θλῖψιςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθλῖψις: meaning 'affliction'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
μάκρυνονremove far awayV1 PAD2S · μακρύνωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ verbal formμακρύνω: meaning 'remove far away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐμοῦI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐγώ: meaning 'I'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐὰν: meaning 'if'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἁμαρτήσωsinVF FAI1S · ἁμαρτάνωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ futureἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'sin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
παιδεύεινdisciplineV1 PAN · παιδεύωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ present infinitiveπαιδεύω: meaning 'discipline'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐπιστροφήνturning back / repentanceN1 ASF · ἐπιστροφήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐπιστροφή: meaning 'turning back'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
12
εὐδοκίᾳ δὲ μετὰ ἱλαρότητος στήρισον τὴν ψυχήν μου ἐν τῷ ἐνισχῦσαί σε τὴν ψυχήν μου ἀρκέσει μοι τὸ δοθέν
But steady my soul with favor and gladness; when you strengthen my soul, what you have given me will be enough.
The speaker requests inward stability and confesses that divine provision will suffice.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
εὐδοκίᾳfavorN1A DSF · εὐδοκίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireεὐδοκία: meaning 'favor'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
δὲbut / andX · δέconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireδὲ: meaning 'but'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἱλαρότητοςgladnessN3T GSF · ἱλαρότηςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἱλαρότης: meaning 'gladness'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
στήρισονsteady / strengthenVA AAD2S · στηρίζωimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formστηρίζω: meaning 'steady'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐνισχῦσαίstrengthenVA AAN · ἰσχύω + ἐνinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveἰσχύω + ἐν: meaning 'strengthen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μουI / me / myRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμου: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀρκέσειbe enoughVF FAI3S · ἀρκέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ futureἀρκέω: meaning 'be enough'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
μοιI / me / myRP DS · ἐγώdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμοι: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
δοθένgiveVC · αππασν δίδωμιparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleαππασν δίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
13
ὅτι ἐὰν μὴ σὺ ἐνισχύσῃς τίς ὑφέξεται παιδείαν ἐν πενίᾳ
For if you do not strengthen me, who will endure discipline in poverty?
A rhetorical question explains why God's strengthening is indispensable.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐὰν: meaning 'if'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμὴ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνισχύσῃςstrengthenVA AAS2S · ἰσχύω + ἐνmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ verbal formἰσχύω + ἐν: meaning 'strengthen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
τίςwho?RI NSM · τίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireτίς: meaning 'who?'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑφέξεταιendureVF FMI3S · ἔχω + ὑποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ futureἔχω + ὑπο: meaning 'endure'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
παιδείανdisciplineN1A ASF · παιδείαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπαιδεία: meaning 'discipline'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πενίᾳpovertyN1A DSF · πενίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπενία: meaning 'poverty'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
14
ἐν τῷ ἐλέγχεσθαι ψυχὴν ἐν χειρὶ σαπρίας αὐτοῦ ἡ δοκιμασία σου ἐν σαρκὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν θλίψει πενίας
When a soul is reproved by the wasting of his hand, your testing is in his flesh and in the affliction of poverty.
The psalm reflects on poverty and bodily suffering as a sphere of divine testing.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐλέγχεσθαιreproveV1 PMN · ἐλέγχωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ present middle infinitiveἐλέγχω: meaning 'reprove'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ψυχὴνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
σαπρίαςdecay / wastingN1A APF · σαπρίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσαπρία: meaning 'decay'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
δοκιμασίαtestingN1A NSF · δοκιμασίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireδοκιμασία: meaning 'testing'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σαρκὶfleshN3K DSF · σάρξdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireσάρξ: meaning 'flesh'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θλίψειafflictionN3I DSF · θλῖψιςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireθλῖψις: meaning 'affliction'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
πενίαςpovertyN1A GSF · πενίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireπενία: meaning 'poverty'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
15
ἐν τῷ ὑπομεῖναι δίκαιον ἐν τούτοις ἐλεηθήσεται ὑπὸ κυρίου ψαλμὸς τῷ Σαλωμων μετὰ ᾠδῆς τῷ βασιλεῖ
When a righteous person endures these things, he will receive mercy from the Lord. A psalm of Solomon, with song, for the king.
The closing line generalizes the lesson: the righteous who endure are shown mercy, then the colophon follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ὑπομεῖναιendureVA AAN · μένω + ὑποinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveμένω + ὑπο: meaning 'endure'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
δίκαιονrighteousA1A ASM · δίκαιοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τούτοιςthese thingsRD DPM · οὗτοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireοὗτος: meaning 'these things'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
ἐλεηθήσεταιshow mercyVC FPI3S · ἐλεέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause→ future passiveἐλεέω: meaning 'show mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, or affirmation of the clause.
ὑπὸby / underP · ὑπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ψαλμὸςpsalmN2 NSM · ψαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireψαλμός: meaning 'psalm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ΣαλωμωνSolomonN DSM · Σαλωμώνnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireΣαλωμων: meaning 'Solomon'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ᾠδῆςsongN1 GSF · ᾠδήgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ discipline, purity, and guarded desireβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.