1
κύριε σὺ αὐτὸς βασιλεὺς ἡμῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ ἔτι ὅτι ἐν σοί ὁ θεός καυχήσεται ἡ ψυχὴ ἡμῶν
O Lord, you yourself are our king forever, and still in you our soul will boast in God.
The psalm opens by affirming the Lord alone as Israel's true and lasting king.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτὸςhe / his / themRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτός: meaning 'he'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἔτιstill / yetD · ἔτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔτι: meaning 'still'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σοίyouRP DS · σύdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσοί: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καυχήσεταιboastVF FMI3S · καυχάομαιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureκαυχάομαι: meaning 'boast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ψυχὴsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
2
καὶ τίς ὁ χρόνος ζωῆς ἀνθρώπου ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς κατὰ τὸν χρόνον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ ἐλπὶς αὐτοῦ ἐπ' αὐτόν
What is the span of a human life upon the earth? According to his allotted time, so also his hope rests upon him.
Human life is set in contrast to divine kingship by its brevity and fragility.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τίςwho?RI NSM · τίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipτίς: meaning 'who?'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
χρόνοςtime / spanN2 NSM · χρόνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ζωῆςlifeN1 GSF · ζωήgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipζωή: meaning 'life'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀνθρώπουhuman beingN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄνθρωπος: meaning 'human being'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆςearth / landN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
χρόνονtime / spanN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐλπὶςhopeN3D NSF · ἐλπίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπ'on / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπ': meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτόνhe / his / themRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
3
ἡμεῖς δὲ ἐλπιοῦμεν ἐπὶ τὸν θεὸν σωτῆρα ἡμῶν ὅτι τὸ κράτος τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα μετ' ἐλέους καὶ ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ἐπὶ τὰ ἔθνη ἐν κρίσει
But we hope in God our savior, because the might of our God is forever with mercy, and the kingdom of our God is forever over the nations in judgment.
The community places its hope not in human rulers but in God's eternal and merciful reign.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
ἡμεῖςwe / us / ourRP NP · ἐγώnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμεῖς: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbut / andX · δέconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδὲ: meaning 'but'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐλπιοῦμενhopeVF2 FAI1P · ἐλπίζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἐλπίζω: meaning 'hope'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
σωτῆραsaviorN3H ASM · σωτήρaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσωτήρ: meaning 'savior'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
κράτοςmightN3E ASN · κράτοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκράτος: meaning 'might'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
μετ'withP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐλέουςmercyN3E GSN · ἔλεοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
βασιλείαβασιλείαN1A NSF · βασιλείαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεία: meaning 'βασιλεία'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κρίσειjudgmentN3I DSF · κρίσιςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκρίσις: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
4
σύ κύριε ᾑρετίσω τὸν Δαυιδ βασιλέα ἐπὶ Ισραηλ καὶ σὺ ὤμοσας αὐτῷ περὶ τοῦ σπέρματος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ μὴ ἐκλείπειν ἀπέναντί σου βασίλειον αὐτοῦ
You, O Lord, chose David as king over Israel, and you swore to him concerning his offspring forever, that his royal house would not fail before you.
The prayer recalls God's election of David and the enduring oath made to his line.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
σύyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσύ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ᾑρετίσωchooseVSI AAI1S · αἱρετίζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristαἱρετίζω: meaning 'choose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ΔαυιδDavidN ASM · Δαυίδnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΔαυιδ: meaning 'David'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ΙσραηλIsraelN DS · Ἰσραήλnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὤμοσαςswearVAI AAI2S · ὄμνυμιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristὄμνυμι: meaning 'swear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτῷhe / his / themRD DSM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῷ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
περὶconcerningP · περίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπερὶ: meaning 'concerning'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
σπέρματοςoffspringN3M GSN · σπέρμαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσπέρμα: meaning 'offspring'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
μὴnotD · μήconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμὴ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐκλείπεινfail / ceaseV1 PAN · λείπω + ἐκinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ present infinitiveλείπω + ἐκ: meaning 'fail'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἀπέναντίbeforeD · ἀπέναντιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπέναντί: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
βασίλειονroyal house / kingdomN2N ASN · βασίλειονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασίλειον: meaning 'royal house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
5
καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ἡμῶν ἐπανέστησαν ἡμῖν ἁμαρτωλοί ἐπέθεντο ἡμῖν καὶ ἔξωσαν ἡμᾶς οἷς οὐκ ἐπηγγείλω μετὰ βίας ἀφείλαντο καὶ οὐκ ἐδόξασαν τὸ ὄνομά σου τὸ ἔντιμον
Yet because of our sins sinners rose up against us, attacked us, and drove us out; by violence they took away what you had not promised them, and they did not glorify your honored name.
The nation's sins have allowed violent sinners to seize what God never granted them.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἁμαρτίαιςsinN1A DPF · ἁμαρτίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπανέστησανrise up againstVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + ἐπι + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἵστημι + ἐπι + ἀνα: meaning 'rise up against'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἡμῖνwe / us / ourRP DP · ἐγώdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῖν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἁμαρτωλοίsinnerA1B NPM · ἁμαρτωλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπέθεντοattack / lay uponVEI AMI3P · τίθημι + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist middleτίθημι + ἐπι: meaning 'attack'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἡμῖνwe / us / ourRP DP · ἐγώdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῖν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἔξωσανdrive outVA · ααπασν ὠθέω + ἐκparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleααπασν ὠθέω + ἐκ: meaning 'drive out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ἡμᾶςwe / us / ourRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμᾶς: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
οἷςwho / whichRR DPM · ὅςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅς: meaning 'who'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐπηγγείλωpromiseVAI AMI2S · ἀγγέλλω + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist middleἀγγέλλω + ἐπι: meaning 'promise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
βίαςviolenceN1A GSF · βίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβία: meaning 'violence'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀφείλαντοtake awayVBI AMI3P · αἱρέω + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist middleαἱρέω + ἀπο: meaning 'take away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐδόξασανglorifyVQI AAI3P · δοξάζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristδοξάζω: meaning 'glorify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔντιμονhonoredA1B ASM · ἔντιμοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔντιμος: meaning 'honored'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
6
ἐν δόξῃ ἔθεντο βασίλειον ἀντὶ ὕψους αὐτῶν ἠρήμωσαν τὸν θρόνον Δαυιδ ἐν ὑπερηφανίᾳ ἀλλάγματος
In glory they set up a kingdom for themselves in place of their exaltation, and in arrogant exchange they laid waste the throne of David.
Their usurpation is described as a proud devastation of David's throne.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
δόξῃgloryN1S DSF · δόξαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἔθεντοset / placeVEI AMI3P · τίθημιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist middleτίθημι: meaning 'set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
βασίλειονroyal house / kingdomN2N ASN · βασίλειονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασίλειον: meaning 'royal house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἀντὶin place ofP · ἀντίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀντὶ: meaning 'in place of'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὕψουςheight / exaltationN3E GS · ὕψοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὕψος: meaning 'height'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἠρήμωσανlay wasteVAI AAI3P · ἐρημόωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἐρημόω: meaning 'lay waste'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θρόνονthroneN2 ASM · θρόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθρόνος: meaning 'throne'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ΔαυιδDavidN ASM · Δαυίδnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΔαυιδ: meaning 'David'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὑπερηφανίᾳarroganceN1A DSF · ὑπερηφανίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπερηφανία: meaning 'arrogance'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἀλλάγματοςexchangeN3M GSN · ἄλλαγμαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄλλαγμα: meaning 'exchange'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
7
καὶ σύ ὁ θεός καταβαλεῖς αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀρεῖς τὸ σπέρμα αὐτῶν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς ἐν τῷ ἐπαναστῆναι αὐτοῖς ἄνθρωπον ἀλλότριον γένους ἡμῶν
But you, O God, will cast them down and remove their seed from the earth by raising up against them a man foreign to our race.
The speaker asks God to overthrow the usurpers through a foreign instrument of judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σύyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσύ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καταβαλεῖςcast downVF2 FAI2S · βάλλω + καταmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureβάλλω + κατα: meaning 'cast down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / his / themRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀρεῖςtake awayVF2 FAI2S · αἴρωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureαἴρω: meaning 'take away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
σπέρμαoffspringN3M ASN · σπέρμαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσπέρμα: meaning 'offspring'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRA GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆςearth / landN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐπαναστῆναιrise up againstVH AAN · ἵστημι + ἐπι + ἀναinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveἵστημι + ἐπι + ἀνα: meaning 'rise up against'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἄνθρωπονhuman beingN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄνθρωπος: meaning 'human being'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἀλλότριονforeign / alienA1A ASM · ἀλλότριοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀλλότριος: meaning 'foreign'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
γένουςrace / stockN3E GSN · γένοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγένος: meaning 'race'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
8
κατὰ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα αὐτῶν ἀποδώσεις αὐτοῖς ὁ θεός εὑρεθῆναι αὐτοῖς κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν
According to their sins, O God, you will repay them, so that they may be found according to their deeds.
Divine repayment is requested according to the exact measure of their deeds.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
κατὰaccording toP · κατάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἁμαρτήματαsinful deedN3M APN · ἁμάρτημαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμάρτημα: meaning 'sinful deed'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀποδώσειςrepayVF FAI2S · δίδωμι + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εὑρεθῆναιfindVC APN · εὑρίσκωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formεὑρίσκω: meaning 'find'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔργαἔργονN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔργον: meaning 'ἔργον'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
9
οὐκ ἠλέησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεός ἐξηρεύνησεν τὸ σπέρμα αὐτῶν καὶ οὐκ ἀφῆκεν αὐτῶν ἕνα
God showed them no pity; he searched out their offspring and did not leave even one of them behind.
The psalm declares that God thoroughly searched them out and spared none of their line.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἠλέησενshow mercyVAI AAI3S · ἐλεέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἐλεέω: meaning 'show mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / his / themRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐξηρεύνησενsearch outVAI AAI3S · ἐρευνάω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἐρευνάω + ἐκ: meaning 'search out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
σπέρμαoffspringN3M ASN · σπέρμαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσπέρμα: meaning 'offspring'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀφῆκενleave behindVAI AAI3S · ἵημι + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἵημι + ἀπο: meaning 'leave behind'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἕναoneA3 ASM · εἷςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἕνα: meaning 'one'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
10
πιστὸς ὁ κύριος ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς κρίμασιν αὐτοῦ οἷς ποιεῖ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν
Faithful is the Lord in all his judgments, which he carries out upon the earth.
A brief maxim confirms that the Lord remains faithful in every judgment he performs.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
πιστὸςfaithfulA1 NSM · πιστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπιστός: meaning 'faithful'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πᾶσιall / everyA3 DPM · πᾶςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
κρίμασινjudgmentN3M DPN · κρίμαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
οἷςwho / whichRR DPM · ὅςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅς: meaning 'who'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
ποιεῖdo / makeV2 PAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ presentποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆνearth / landN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
11
ἠρήμωσεν ὁ ἄνομος τὴν γῆν ἡμῶν ἀπὸ ἐνοικούντων αὐτήν ἠφάνισαν νέον καὶ πρεσβύτην καὶ τέκνα αὐτῶν ἅμα
The lawless one laid our land waste of its inhabitants; they destroyed young and old together with their children.
The devastation of the land is retold in terms of total social ruin.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἠρήμωσενlay wasteVAI AAI3S · ἐρημόωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἐρημόω: meaning 'lay waste'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄνομοςlawlessA1B NSM · ἄνομοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆνearth / landN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐνοικούντωνinhabitV2 · παπγπμ οἰκέω + ἐνparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπγπμ οἰκέω + ἐν: meaning 'inhabit'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
αὐτήνhe / his / themRD ASF · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτήν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἠφάνισανdestroy / wipe outVAI AAI3P · ἵζω + ἀπο + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἵζω + ἀπο + ἀνα: meaning 'destroy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
νέονyoungA1A ASM · νέοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipνέος: meaning 'young'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πρεσβύτηνold man / elderN1M ASM · πρεσβύτηςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπρεσβύτης: meaning 'old man'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τέκναchildN2N APN · τέκνονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipτέκνον: meaning 'child'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἅμαtogetherD · ἅμαconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἅμα: meaning 'together'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
12
ἐν ὀργῇ κάλλους αὐτοῦ ἐξαπέστειλεν αὐτὰ ἕως ἐπὶ δυσμῶν καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῆς γῆς εἰς ἐμπαιγμὸν καὶ οὐκ ἐφείσατο
In the anger of his splendor he sent them away as far as the west, and he handed over the rulers of the land to mockery without sparing them.
The conqueror's violence extends to exile and public humiliation for rulers.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὀργῇangerN1 DSF · ὀργήdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὀργή: meaning 'anger'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
κάλλουςbeauty / splendorN3E GSN · κάλλοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκάλλος: meaning 'beauty'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐξαπέστειλενsend awayVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: meaning 'send away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτὰhe / his / themRD APN · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτὰ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἕωςas far as / untilC · ἕωςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἕως: meaning 'as far as'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
δυσμῶνwestN1 GPF · δυσμήgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδυσμή: meaning 'west'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἄρχονταςrulerN3 APM · ἄρχωνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆςearth / landN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐμπαιγμὸνmockeryN2 ASM · ἐμπαιγμόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐμπαιγμός: meaning 'mockery'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐφείσατοspareVAI AMI3S · φείδομαιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist middleφείδομαι: meaning 'spare'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
13
ἐν ἀλλοτριότητι ὁ ἐχθρὸς ἐποίησεν ὑπερηφανίαν καὶ ἡ καρδία αὐτοῦ ἀλλοτρία ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν
In estrangement the enemy acted proudly, and his heart was alienated from our God.
The enemy is characterized by alienation from God and arrogant self-exaltation.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀλλοτριότητιestrangement / foreignnessN3T DSF · ἀλλοτριότηςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀλλοτριότης: meaning 'estrangement'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐχθρὸςenemyA1A NSM · ἐχθρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐποίησενdo / makeVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ὑπερηφανίανarroganceN1A ASF · ὑπερηφανίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπερηφανία: meaning 'arrogance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
καρδίαheartN1A NSF · καρδίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀλλοτρίαforeign / alienA1A APN · ἀλλότριοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀλλότριος: meaning 'foreign'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
14
καὶ πάντα ὅσα ἐποίησεν ἐν Ιερουσαλημ καθὼς καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι τοῦ σθένους αὐτῶν
Everything he did in Jerusalem was just like what the nations do in the cities of their power.
Jerusalem has been treated as pagan cities are treated by the nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πάνταall / everyA3 ASM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὅσαὅσοςA1 APN · ὅσοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅσος: meaning 'ὅσος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐποίησενdo / makeVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DS · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙερουσαλημ: meaning 'Jerusalem'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
καθὼςjust asD · καθώςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαθὼς: meaning 'just as'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
πόλεσιcityN3I DPF · πόλιςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
σθένουςstrengthN3E GSN · σθένοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσθένος: meaning 'strength'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
15
καὶ ἐπεκρατοῦσαν αὐτῶν οἱ υἱοὶ τῆς διαθήκης ἐν μέσῳ ἐθνῶν συμμίκτων οὐκ ἦν ἐν αὐτοῖς ὁ ποιῶν ἐν Ιερουσαλημ ἔλεος καὶ ἀλήθειαν
And the sons of the covenant were among them in the midst of mixed nations; there was no one among them in Jerusalem practicing mercy and truth.
Even among the covenant people mercy and truth had disappeared in the mixed setting of the nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐπεκρατοῦσανrule overVAI AAI3P · κρατέω + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristκρατέω + ἐπι: meaning 'rule over'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
διαθήκηςcovenantN1 GSF · διαθήκηgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδιαθήκη: meaning 'covenant'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μέσῳmidstA1 GPN · μέσοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
συμμίκτωνmixedA1B GPN · σύμμικτοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσύμμικτος: meaning 'mixed'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἦνbeV9 IAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ imperfectἦν: meaning 'be'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ποιῶνdo / makeV2 · παπνσμ ποιέωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DS · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙερουσαλημ: meaning 'Jerusalem'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀλήθειανtruthN1A ASF · ἀλήθειαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀλήθεια: meaning 'truth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
16
ἐφύγοσαν ἀπ' αὐτῶν οἱ ἀγαπῶντες συναγωγὰς ὁσίων ὡς στρουθία ἐξεπετάσθησαν ἀπὸ κοίτης αὐτῶν
Those who loved the assemblies of the holy ones fled from them; like sparrows they flew away from their nests.
The devout are pictured as frightened birds driven from their own places of belonging.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐφύγοσανfleeVBI AAI3P · φεύγωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristφεύγω: meaning 'flee'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀγαπῶντεςloveV3 · παπνπμ ἀγαπάωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπνπμ ἀγαπάω: meaning 'love'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
συναγωγὰςassemblyN1 APF · συναγωγήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσυναγωγή: meaning 'assembly'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὁσίωνholy / devoutA1A GPM · ὅσιοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅσιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
στρουθίαsparrowN2 NPM · στρουθίοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipστρουθίος: meaning 'sparrow'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐξεπετάσθησανfly awayVTI API3P · πετάζω + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist passiveπετάζω + ἐκ: meaning 'fly away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κοίτηςnest / bedN1 GSF · κοίτηgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκοίτη: meaning 'nest'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
17
ἐπλανῶντο ἐν ἐρήμοις σωθῆναι ψυχὰς αὐτῶν ἀπὸ κακοῦ καὶ τίμιον ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς παροικίας ψυχὴ σεσῳσμένη ἐξ αὐτῶν
They wandered in deserts to save their lives from evil, and a life saved from among them was precious in the eyes of exile.
The faithful survive only by wandering exile, and even a preserved life becomes a rare treasure.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἐπλανῶντοwanderV3I IMI3P · πλανάωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formπλανάω: meaning 'wander'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐρήμοιςdesertN2 DPF · ἔρημοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔρημος: meaning 'desert'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
σωθῆναιsaveVC APN · σώζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formσώζω: meaning 'save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ψυχὰςsoulN1 APF · ψυχήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κακοῦevilA1 GSM · κακόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τίμιονpreciousA1A ASM · τίμιοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipτίμιος: meaning 'precious'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὀφθαλμοῖςeyeN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
παροικίαςexile / sojourningN1A APF · παροικίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπαροικία: meaning 'exile'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ψυχὴsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σεσῳσμένηsaveVT · χαπνσφ σώζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formχαπνσφ σώζω: meaning 'save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐξout ofP · ἐκconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐξ: meaning 'out of'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
18
εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἐγενήθη ὁ σκορπισμὸς αὐτῶν ὑπὸ ἀνόμων ὅτι ἀνέσχεν ὁ οὐρανὸς τοῦ στάξαι ὑετὸν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν
Their scattering spread over all the earth by the hand of lawless men, because heaven held back the rain from the earth.
The dispersion and the withholding of rain are interpreted as marks of divine judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πᾶσανall / everyA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆνearth / landN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐγενήθηbecome / happenVCI API3S · γίγνομαιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist passiveγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σκορπισμὸςdispersionN2 NSM · σκορπισμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσκορπισμός: meaning 'dispersion'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὑπὸby / underP · ὑπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀνόμωνlawlessA1B GPM · ἄνομοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀνέσχενhold backVBI AAI3S · ἔχω + ἀναmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristἔχω + ἀνα: meaning 'hold back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐρανὸςheavenN2 NSM · οὐρανόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
στάξαιdrip / rain downVA AAN · στάζωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveστάζω: meaning 'drip'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ὑετὸνrainN2 ASM · ὑετόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑετός: meaning 'rain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆνearth / landN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
19
πηγαὶ συνεσχέθησαν αἰώνιοι ἐξ ἀβύσσων ἀπὸ ὀρέων ὑψηλῶν ὅτι οὐκ ἦν ἐν αὐτοῖς ποιῶν δικαιοσύνην καὶ κρίμα
Ever-flowing springs were restrained from the depths and from the lofty mountains, because there was no one among them practicing righteousness and judgment.
Cosmic restraint mirrors moral collapse because righteousness and justice had vanished.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
πηγαὶspringN1 NPF · πηγήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπηγή: meaning 'spring'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
συνεσχέθησανrestrainVCI API3P · ἔχω + συνmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist passiveἔχω + συν: meaning 'restrain'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αἰώνιοιeverlastingA1B NPM · αἰώνιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαἰώνιος: meaning 'everlasting'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐξout ofP · ἐκconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐξ: meaning 'out of'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀβύσσωνdeep / abyssN2 GPM · ἄβυσσοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄβυσσος: meaning 'deep'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὀρέωνmountainN3E GPN · ὄροςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὑψηλῶνhighA1 GPM · ὑψηλόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑψηλός: meaning 'high'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἦνbeV9 IAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ imperfectἦν: meaning 'be'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ποιῶνdo / makeV2 · παπνσμ ποιέωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
20
ἀπὸ ἄρχοντος αὐτῶν καὶ λαοῦ ἐλαχίστου ἐν πάσῃ ἁμαρτίᾳ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐν παρανομίᾳ καὶ ὁ κριτὴς ἐν ἀπειθείᾳ καὶ ὁ λαὸς ἐν ἁμαρτίᾳ
From their ruler down to the least of the people, all were in every kind of sin: the king in lawlessness, the judge in disobedience, and the people in sin.
The corruption is universal, from king to judge to common people.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἄρχοντοςrulerN3 GSM · ἄρχωνgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐλαχίστουleast / smallA1 GSMS · ἐλαχύςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐλαχύς: meaning 'least'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πάσῃall / everyA1S DSF · πᾶςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἁμαρτίᾳsinN1A DSF · ἁμαρτίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
παρανομίᾳlawlessnessN1A DSF · παρανομίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπαρανομία: meaning 'lawlessness'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κριτὴςjudgeN1M NSM · κριτήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκριτής: meaning 'judge'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀπειθείᾳdisobedienceN1A DSF · ἀπείθειαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπείθεια: meaning 'disobedience'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἁμαρτίᾳsinN1A DSF · ἁμαρτίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
21
ἰδέ κύριε καὶ ἀνάστησον αὐτοῖς τὸν βασιλέα αὐτῶν υἱὸν Δαυιδ εἰς τὸν καιρόν ὃν εἵλου σύ ὁ θεός τοῦ βασιλεῦσαι ἐπὶ ισραηλ παῖδά σου
Look, O Lord, and raise up for them their king, the son of David, at the time you have chosen, O God, for him to reign over Israel your servant.
The prayer turns decisively toward hope in a restored Davidic king chosen by God.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ἰδέlook / seeVB AAD2S · ὁράωimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formὁράω: meaning 'look'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀνάστησονraise upVA AAD2S · ἵστημι + ἀναimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formἵστημι + ἀνα: meaning 'raise up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
υἱὸνsonN2 ASM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΔαυιδ: meaning 'David'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
καιρόνκαιρόςN2 ASM · καιρόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαιρός: meaning 'καιρός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὃνwho / whichRR ASM · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅς: meaning 'who'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
εἵλουchooseVBI AMI2S · αἱρέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist middleαἱρέω: meaning 'choose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
σύyouRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσύ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
βασιλεῦσαιreignVA AAN · βασιλεύωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveβασιλεύω: meaning 'reign'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ισραηλIsraelN DS · ισραηλnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipισραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
παῖδάservantN3D ASM · παῖςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπαῖς: meaning 'servant'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
22
καὶ ὑπόζωσον αὐτὸν ἰσχὺν τοῦ θραῦσαι ἄρχοντας ἀδίκους καθαρίσαι Ιερουσαλημ ἀπὸ ἐθνῶν καταπατούντων ἐν ἀπωλείᾳ
Gird him with strength to shatter unrighteous rulers and to cleanse Jerusalem from nations that trample her down in destruction.
This king is asked for as a warrior-purifier who will break unjust rule and cleanse Jerusalem.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὑπόζωσονgirdVA AAD2S · ζώννυμι + ὑποimperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command→ verbal formζώννυμι + ὑπο: meaning 'gird'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperatival verbal form issuing a prayer or command.
αὐτὸνhe / his / themRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτὸν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἰσχὺνstrengthN3 ASF · ἰσχύςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
θραῦσαιshatterVA AAN · θραύωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveθραύω: meaning 'shatter'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἄρχονταςrulerN · ἄρχωνnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄρχοντας: meaning 'ruler'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἀδίκουςunjustA1B APM · ἄδικοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄδικος: meaning 'unjust'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καθαρίσαιcleanseVA AAN · καθαρίζωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveκαθαρίζω: meaning 'cleanse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN AS · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙερουσαλημ: meaning 'Jerusalem'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καταπατούντωνtrample downV2 · παπγπμ πατέω + καταparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπγπμ πατέω + κατα: meaning 'trample down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀπωλείᾳdestructionN1A DSF · ἀπώλειαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
23
ἐν σοφίᾳ δικαιοσύνης ἐξῶσαι ἁμαρτωλοὺς ἀπὸ κληρονομίας ἐκτρῖψαι ὑπερηφανίαν ἁμαρτωλοῦ ὡς σκεύη κεραμέως
In righteous wisdom let him drive sinners out from the inheritance and crush the pride of the sinner like a potter's vessels.
His reign is imagined as wise and judicial, expelling sinners and crushing pride.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σοφίᾳwisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
δικαιοσύνηςrighteousnessN1 GSF · δικαιοσύνηgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐξῶσαιdrive outVA AAN · ὠθέω + ἐκinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveὠθέω + ἐκ: meaning 'drive out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἁμαρτωλοὺςsinnerA1B APM · ἁμαρτωλόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κληρονομίαςinheritanceN1A GSF · κληρονομίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκληρονομία: meaning 'inheritance'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐκτρῖψαιwipe out / crushVA AAN · τρίβω + ἐκinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveτρίβω + ἐκ: meaning 'wipe out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ὑπερηφανίανarroganceN1A ASF · ὑπερηφανίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπερηφανία: meaning 'arrogance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἁμαρτωλοῦsinnerA1B GSM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σκεύηvesselN3E N · σκεῦοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσκεῦος: meaning 'vessel'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κεραμέωςpotterN3V GSM · κεραμεύςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκεραμεύς: meaning 'potter'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
24
ἐν ῥάβδῳ σιδηρᾷ συντρῖψαι πᾶσαν ὑπόστασιν αὐτῶν ὀλεθρεῦσαι ἔθνη παράνομα ἐν λόγῳ στόματος αὐτοῦ
With an iron rod let him break all their substance in pieces and destroy lawless nations by the word of his mouth.
Royal judgment is intensified with rod and word against the lawless nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ῥάβδῳrodN2 DSF · ῥάβδοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipῥάβδος: meaning 'rod'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
σιδηρᾷironN1A DSF · σιδηρείαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσιδηρεία: meaning 'iron'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
συντρῖψαιbreak in piecesVA AAN · τρίβω + συνinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveτρίβω + συν: meaning 'break in pieces'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
πᾶσανall / everyA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὑπόστασινsubstance / standingN3I ASF · ὑπόστασιςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπόστασις: meaning 'substance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὀλεθρεῦσαιdestroyVA AAN · ὀλεθρεύωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveὀλεθρεύω: meaning 'destroy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
παράνομαlawlessA1B APN · παράνομοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπαράνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
λόγῳwordN2 DSM · λόγοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
στόματοςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
25
ἐν ἀπειλῇ αὐτοῦ φυγεῖν ἔθνη ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐλέγξαι ἁμαρτωλοὺς ἐν λόγῳ καρδίας αὐτῶν
At his threat let nations flee from before him, and let him convict sinners by the word of their heart.
The messianic king terrifies nations and exposes sinners by authoritative rebuke.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀπειλῇthreatN1 DSF · ἀπειλήdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπειλή: meaning 'threat'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
φυγεῖνfleeVB AAN · φεύγωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveφεύγω: meaning 'flee'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐλέγξαιconvict / reproveVA AAN · ἐλέγχωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveἐλέγχω: meaning 'convict'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἁμαρτωλοὺςsinnerA1B APM · ἁμαρτωλόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
λόγῳwordN2 DSM · λόγοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καρδίαςheartN1A GSF · καρδίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
26
καὶ συνάξει λαὸν ἅγιον οὗ ἀφηγήσεται ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ κρινεῖ φυλὰς λαοῦ ἡγιασμένου ὑπὸ κυρίου θεοῦ αὐτοῦ
He will gather a holy people, whom he will lead in righteousness, and he will judge the tribes of a people sanctified by the Lord his God.
The future king gathers and guides a holy people under righteous order.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
συνάξειgatherVF FAI3S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἅγιονholyA1A ASM · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
οὗwho / whichRR GSM · ὅςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὗ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἀφηγήσεταιleadVF FMI3S · ἡγέομαι + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἡγέομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'lead'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
δικαιοσύνῃrighteousnessN1 DSF · δικαιοσύνηdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κρινεῖjudgeVF2 FAI3S · κρίνωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureκρίνω: meaning 'judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
φυλὰςtribeN1 APF · φυλήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipφυλή: meaning 'tribe'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἡγιασμένουsanctifyVT · χμπγσμ ἁγιάζωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleχμπγσμ ἁγιάζω: meaning 'sanctify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ὑπὸby / underP · ὑπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
27
καὶ οὐκ ἀφήσει ἀδικίαν ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν αὐλισθῆναι ἔτι καὶ οὐ κατοικήσει πᾶς ἄνθρωπος μετ' αὐτῶν εἰδὼς κακίαν γνώσεται γὰρ αὐτοὺς ὅτι πάντες υἱοὶ θεοῦ εἰσιν αὐτῶν
He will not allow injustice to lodge among them any longer, and no person who knows evil will live with them, for he will know that they are all sons of their God.
His community will exclude abiding injustice and moral evil.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀφήσειleave behindVF FAI3S · ἵημι + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἵημι + ἀπο: meaning 'leave behind'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἀδικίανinjusticeN1A ASF · ἀδικίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀδικία: meaning 'injustice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐλισθῆναιlodge / encampVS APN · αὐλίζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formαὐλίζω: meaning 'lodge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἔτιstill / yetD · ἔτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔτι: meaning 'still'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κατοικήσειοικέω + καταVF FAI3S · οικέω + καταmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureοικέω + κατα: meaning 'οικέω + κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
πᾶςall / everyA3 NSM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄνθρωποςhuman beingN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄνθρωπος: meaning 'human being'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μετ'withP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰδὼςlook / seeVX · χαπνσμ ὁράωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formχαπνσμ ὁράω: meaning 'look'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
κακίανκακίαN1A ASF · κακίαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκακία: meaning 'κακία'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
γνώσεταιknowVF FMI3S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω: meaning 'know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγὰρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / his / themRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πάντεςall / everyA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰσινbeV9 PAI3P · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ presentεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
28
καὶ καταμερίσει αὐτοὺς ἐν ταῖς φυλαῖς αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ πάροικος καὶ ἀλλογενὴς οὐ παροικήσει αὐτοῖς ἔτι
He will distribute them by their tribes upon the land, and no sojourner or foreigner will dwell among them any longer.
The restored people will be securely reestablished in the land without foreign intrusion.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
καταμερίσειdistributeVF FAI3S · μερίζω + καταmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureμερίζω + κατα: meaning 'distribute'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhe / his / themRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
φυλαῖςtribeN1 DPF · φυλήdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipφυλή: meaning 'tribe'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆςearth / landN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πάροικοςsojournerA1B NSM · παροίκοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπαροίκος: meaning 'sojourner'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀλλογενὴςforeignerA3H NSM · ἀλλογενήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀλλογενής: meaning 'foreigner'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
παροικήσειlive beside / sojournVF FAI3S · οἰκέω + παραparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ futureοἰκέω + παρα: meaning 'live beside'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἔτιstill / yetD · ἔτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔτι: meaning 'still'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
29
κρινεῖ λαοὺς καὶ ἔθνη ἐν σοφίᾳ δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ διάψαλμα
He will judge peoples and nations in the wisdom of his righteousness. Selah.
The king's rule extends beyond Israel to righteous judgment over peoples and nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
κρινεῖjudgeVF2 FAI3S · κρίνωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureκρίνω: meaning 'judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
λαοὺςpeopleN2 APM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σοφίᾳwisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
δικαιοσύνηςrighteousnessN1 GSF · δικαιοσύνηgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
διάψαλμαselahN1A NSF · διάψαλμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδιάψαλμα: meaning 'selah'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
30
καὶ ἕξει λαοὺς ἐθνῶν δουλεύειν αὐτῷ ὑπὸ τὸν ζυγὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸν κύριον δοξάσει ἐν ἐπισήμῳ πάσης τῆς γῆς καὶ καθαριεῖ Ιερουσαλημ ἐν ἁγιασμῷ ὡς καὶ τὸ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς
He will have the peoples of the nations serve him under his yoke, and he will glorify the Lord in the sight of all the earth; he will cleanse Jerusalem in holiness as it was from the beginning.
The nations are subordinated, the Lord is glorified, and Jerusalem is re-hallowed.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandD · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἕξειhaveVF FAI3S · ἔχωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἔχω: meaning 'have'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
λαοὺςpeopleN2 APM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
δουλεύεινserveV1 PAN · δουλεύωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ present infinitiveδουλεύω: meaning 'serve'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
αὐτῷhe / his / themRD DSM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῷ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὑπὸby / underP · ὑπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ζυγὸνyokeN2 ASN · ζυγόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipζυγός: meaning 'yoke'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
δοξάσειglorifyVF FAI3S · δοξάζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureδοξάζω: meaning 'glorify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐπισήμῳpublic view / distinctionA1B DSM · ἐπίσημοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπίσημος: meaning 'public view'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
πάσηςall / everyA1S GSF · πᾶςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆςearth / landN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
καθαριεῖcleanseVF2 FAI3S · καθαρίζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureκαθαρίζω: meaning 'cleanse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN AS · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙερουσαλημ: meaning 'Jerusalem'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἁγιασμῷholinessN2 DSM · ἁγιασμόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁγιασμός: meaning 'holiness'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀρχῆςbeginningN1 GSF · ἀρχήgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀρχή: meaning 'beginning'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
31
ἔρχεσθαι ἔθνη ἀπ' ἄκρου τῆς γῆς ἰδεῖν τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ φέροντες δῶρα τοὺς ἐξησθενηκότας υἱοὺς αὐτῆς καὶ ἰδεῖν τὴν δόξαν κυρίου ἣν ἐδόξασεν αὐτὴν ὁ θεός
Nations will come from the end of the earth to see his glory, bringing gifts, even her sons who had grown weak, and to see the glory of the Lord with which God glorified her.
The renewed city becomes a place to which the nations stream in honor and gift-bearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
ἔρχεσθαιcomeV1 PMN · ἔρχομαιinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ present middle infinitiveἔρχομαι: meaning 'come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπ': meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἄκρουend / extremityA1A GSM · ἄκροςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄκρος: meaning 'end'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
γῆςearth / landN1 GSF · γῆgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἰδεῖνlook / seeVB AAN · ὁράωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveὁράω: meaning 'look'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
φέροντεςbringV1 · παπνπμ φέρωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπνπμ φέρω: meaning 'bring'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
δῶραgiftN2N APN · δῶρονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδῶρον: meaning 'gift'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐξησθενηκόταςout ofVXI XAPAPMA)SQENE/W · ἐκmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formἐκ: meaning 'out of'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
υἱοὺςsonN2 APM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτῆςhe / his / themRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῆς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἰδεῖνlook / seeVB AAN · ὁράωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveὁράω: meaning 'look'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἣνwho / whichRR ASF · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἣν: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐδόξασενglorifyVQI AAI3S · δοξάζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristδοξάζω: meaning 'glorify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτὴνhe / his / themRD ASF · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτὴν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
32
καὶ αὐτὸς βασιλεὺς δίκαιος διδακτὸς ὑπὸ θεοῦ ἐπ' αὐτούς καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἀδικία ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτοῦ ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν ὅτι πάντες ἅγιοι καὶ βασιλεὺς αὐτῶν χριστὸς κυρίου
And he himself will be a righteous king, taught by God over them, and there will be no injustice in his days among them, because all will be holy and their king will be the Lord's anointed.
The Davidic ruler is described as righteous, God-taught, and identified as the Lord's anointed.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτὸςhe / his / themRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτός: meaning 'he'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δίκαιοςδίκαιοςA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδίκαιος: meaning 'δίκαιος'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
διδακτὸςtaughtN2 NSM · διδακτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδιδακτός: meaning 'taught'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑπὸby / underP · ὑπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπ'on / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπ': meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτούςhe / his / themRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτούς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἔστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ presentεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἀδικίαinjusticeN1A NSF · ἀδικίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀδικία: meaning 'injustice'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πάντεςall / everyA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἅγιοιholyA1A NPM · ἅγιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
χριστὸςanointedA1 NSM · χριστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipχριστός: meaning 'anointed'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
33
οὐ γὰρ ἐλπιεῖ ἐπὶ ἵππον καὶ ἀναβάτην καὶ τόξον οὐδὲ πληθυνεῖ αὑτῷ χρυσίον οὐδὲ ἀργύριον εἰς πόλεμον καὶ πολλοῖς λαοῖς οὐ συνάξει ἐλπίδας εἰς ἡμέραν πολέμου
For he will not put his hope in horse and rider and bow, nor will he multiply gold and silver for himself for war, nor gather hopes from many peoples for the day of battle.
His confidence is explicitly non-militaristic and non-imperial in ordinary human terms.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγὰρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐλπιεῖhopeVF2 FAI3S · ἐλπίζωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἐλπίζω: meaning 'hope'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἵππονhorseN2 ASM · ἵπποςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἵππος: meaning 'horse'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀναβάτηνriderN1M ASM · ἀναβάτηςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀναβάτης: meaning 'rider'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τόξονbowN2N ASN · τόξονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipτόξον: meaning 'bow'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐδὲ: meaning 'nor'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πληθυνεῖmultiplyVF2 FAI3S · πληθύνωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureπληθύνω: meaning 'multiply'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὑτῷhimselfRD DSM · ἑαυτοῦdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὑτῷ: meaning 'himself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
χρυσίονgoldN2N ASN · χρυσίονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipχρυσίον: meaning 'gold'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐδὲ: meaning 'nor'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N ASN · ἀργύριονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πόλεμονwarN2 ASM · πόλεμοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπόλεμος: meaning 'war'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πολλοῖςmanyA1 DPM · πολύςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
λαοῖςpeopleN2 DPM · λαόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
οὐnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
συνάξειgatherVF FAI3S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐλπίδαςhopeN3D APF · ἐλπίςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
πολέμουwarN2 GSM · πόλεμοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπόλεμος: meaning 'war'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
34
κύριος αὐτὸς βασιλεὺς αὐτοῦ ἐλπὶς τοῦ δυνατοῦ ἐλπίδι θεοῦ καὶ ἐλεήσει πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ ἐν φόβῳ
The Lord himself is his king, the hope of the mighty through hope in God, and he will show mercy to all the nations before him in fear.
His real kingship and strength are grounded in the Lord and expressed with fearful mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτὸςhe / his / themRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτός: meaning 'he'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐλπὶςhopeN3D NSF · ἐλπίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
δυνατοῦmightyA1 GSM · δυνατόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδυνατός: meaning 'mighty'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐλπίδιhopeN3D DSF · ἐλπίςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐλεήσειshow mercyVF FAI3S · ἐλεέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἐλεέω: meaning 'show mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
πάνταall / everyA3 ASM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔθνηnationN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνώπιονbeforeP · ἐνώπιονconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐνώπιον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
φόβῳfearN2 DSM · φόβοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
35
πατάξει γὰρ γῆν τῷ λόγῳ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ εἰς αἰῶνα εὐλογήσει λαὸν κυρίου ἐν σοφίᾳ μετ' εὐφροσύνης
For he will strike the earth with the word of his mouth forever, and he will bless the Lord's people with wisdom and gladness.
His speech itself becomes an instrument of worldwide judgment and blessing.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
πατάξειstrikeVF FAI3S · πατάσσωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ futureπατάσσω: meaning 'strike'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγὰρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
γῆνearth / landN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
λόγῳwordN2 DSM · λόγοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
στόματοςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
εὐλογήσειblessVF FAI3S · εὐλογέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureεὐλογέω: meaning 'bless'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σοφίᾳwisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
μετ'withP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
εὐφροσύνηςgladnessN1 GSF · εὐφροσύνηgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'gladness'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
36
καὶ αὐτὸς καθαρὸς ἀπὸ ἁμαρτίας τοῦ ἄρχειν λαοῦ μεγάλου ἐλέγξαι ἄρχοντας καὶ ἐξᾶραι ἁμαρτωλοὺς ἐν ἰσχύι λόγου
And he himself will be pure from sin for ruling a great people, for reproving rulers, and for removing sinners by the strength of his word.
The king is marked by purity and by effective moral governance through his word.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτὸςhe / his / themRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτός: meaning 'he'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
καθαρὸςpureA1A NSM · καθαρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαθαρός: meaning 'pure'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἄρχεινruleV1 PAN · ἄρχωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ present infinitiveἄρχω: meaning 'rule'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
μεγάλουgreatA1 GSM · μέγαςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐλέγξαιconvict / reproveVA AAN · ἐλέγχωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveἐλέγχω: meaning 'convict'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἄρχονταςrulerN · ἄρχωνnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἄρχοντας: meaning 'ruler'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἐξᾶραιremoveVA AAN · αἴρω + ἐκinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveαἴρω + ἐκ: meaning 'remove'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἁμαρτωλοὺςsinnerA1B APM · ἁμαρτωλόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
λόγουwordN2 GSM · λόγοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
37
καὶ οὐκ ἀσθενήσει ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ θεῷ αὐτοῦ ὅτι ὁ θεὸς κατειργάσατο αὐτὸν δυνατὸν ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ καὶ σοφὸν ἐν βουλῇ συνέσεως μετὰ ἰσχύος καὶ δικαιοσύνης
And he will not grow weak in his days, relying on his God, because God made him powerful in the Holy Spirit and wise in the counsel of understanding, with strength and righteousness.
God equips him with the Holy Spirit, wisdom, strength, and righteousness.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀσθενήσειgrow weakVF FAI3S · ἀσθενέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἀσθενέω: meaning 'grow weak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὅτι: meaning 'because'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κατειργάσατοmake / equipVAI AMI3S · ἐργάζομαι + καταmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aorist middleἐργάζομαι + κατα: meaning 'make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
αὐτὸνhe / his / themRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτὸν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
δυνατὸνmightyA1 ASM · δυνατόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδυνατός: meaning 'mighty'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πνεύματιspiritN3M DSN · πνεῦμαdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἁγίῳholyA1A DSM · ἅγιοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
σοφὸνwiseA1 ASM · σοφόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσοφός: meaning 'wise'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
βουλῇcounselN1 DSF · βουλήdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβουλή: meaning 'counsel'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
συνέσεωςunderstandingN3I GS · σύνεσιςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσύνεσις: meaning 'understanding'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
μετὰwithP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἰσχύοςstrengthN3U GSF · ἰσχύςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
δικαιοσύνηςrighteousnessN1 GSF · δικαιοσύνηgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
38
καὶ εὐλογία κυρίου μετ' αὐτοῦ ἐν ἰσχύι καὶ οὐκ ἀσθενήσει
And the blessing of the Lord will be with him in strength, and he will not grow weak.
The Lord's blessing secures his strength and perseverance.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
εὐλογίαblessingN1A NSF · εὐλογίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεὐλογία: meaning 'blessing'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
μετ'withP · μετάconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμετ': meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀσθενήσειgrow weakVF FAI3S · ἀσθενέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἀσθενέω: meaning 'grow weak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
39
ἡ ἐλπὶς αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ κύριον καὶ τίς δύναται πρὸς αὐτόν
His hope is in the Lord, and who can stand against him?
The psalm pauses to ask who could possibly oppose one whose hope rests in the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἡἡRA NSF · ἡnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἐλπὶςhopeN3D NSF · ἐλπίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τίςwho?RI NSM · τίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipτίς: meaning 'who?'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δύναταιbe ableV6 PMI3S · δύναμαιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formδύναμαι: meaning 'be able'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
πρὸςagainstP · πρόςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπρὸς: meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτόνhe / his / themRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
40
ἰσχυρὸς ἐν ἔργοις αὐτοῦ καὶ κραταιὸς ἐν φόβῳ θεοῦ ποιμαίνων τὸ ποίμνιον κυρίου ἐν πίστει καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ οὐκ ἀφήσει ἀσθενῆσαι ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ νομῇ αὐτῶν
Mighty in his works and strong in the fear of God, he shepherds the flock of the Lord in faithfulness and righteousness, and he will not let any among them grow weak in their pasture.
The royal figure is recast as a shepherd who preserves the flock in faithfulness and justice.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ἰσχυρὸςstrongA1A NSM · ἰσχυρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἰσχυρός: meaning 'strong'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἔργοιςἔργονN2N DPN · ἔργονdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔργον: meaning 'ἔργον'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
κραταιὸςmightyA1A NSM · κραταιόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκραταιός: meaning 'mighty'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
φόβῳfearN2 DSM · φόβοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipφόβος: meaning 'fear'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ποιμαίνωνshepherdV1 · παπνσμ ποιμαίνωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleπαπνσμ ποιμαίνω: meaning 'shepherd'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ποίμνιονflockN2 ASN · ποίμνιονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipποίμνιον: meaning 'flock'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
πίστειfaithfulnessN3I DSF · πίστιςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπίστις: meaning 'faithfulness'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
δικαιοσύνῃrighteousnessN1 DSF · δικαιοσύνηdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀφήσειleave behindVF FAI3S · ἵημι + ἀποmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἵημι + ἀπο: meaning 'leave behind'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἀσθενῆσαιgrow weakVA AAN · ἀσθενέωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveἀσθενέω: meaning 'grow weak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
νομῇpastureN1 DSF · νομήdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipνομή: meaning 'pasture'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
αὐτῶνhe / his / themRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτῶν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
41
ἐν ἰσότητι πάντας αὐτοὺς ἄξει καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ἐν αὐτοῖς ὑπερηφανία τοῦ καταδυναστευθῆναι ἐν αὐτοῖς
In equity he will lead them all, and there will be no arrogance among them so as to oppress one another.
His rule produces equity and removes oppressive pride from the community.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἰσότητιequityN3T DSF · ἰσότηςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἰσότης: meaning 'equity'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοὺςhe / his / themRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοὺς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἄξειleadVF FAI3S · ἄγωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureἄγω: meaning 'lead'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοὐκ: meaning 'not'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἔσταιbeVF FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ὑπερηφανίαarroganceN1A NSF · ὑπερηφανίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπερηφανία: meaning 'arrogance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
καταδυναστευθῆναιoppressVC APN · δυναστεύω + καταmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formδυναστεύω + κατα: meaning 'oppress'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
αὐτοῖςhe / his / themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῖς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
42
αὕτη ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ βασιλέως Ισραηλ ἣν ἔγνω ὁ θεός ἀναστῆσαι αὐτὸν ἐπ' οἶκον Ισραηλ παιδεῦσαι αὐτόν
This is the splendor of the king of Israel, whom God knew to raise up over the house of Israel in order to instruct him.
The psalm gathers the entire royal hope into a single statement of Israelite splendor.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
αὕτηοὗτοςRD NSF · οὗτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὕτη: meaning 'οὗτος'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
εὐπρέπειαsplendorN1A NSF · εὐπρέπειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεὐπρέπεια: meaning 'splendor'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GS · Ἰσραήλnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἣνwho / whichRR ASF · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἣν: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἔγνωknowVZI AAI3S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ aoristγιγνώσκω: meaning 'know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀναστῆσαιraise upVA AAN · ἵστημι + ἀναinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveἵστημι + ἀνα: meaning 'raise up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
αὐτὸνhe / his / themRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτὸν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐπ'on / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπ': meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GS · Ἰσραήλnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
παιδεῦσαιinstruct / disciplineVA AAN · παιδεύωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveπαιδεύω: meaning 'instruct'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
αὐτόνhe / his / themRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτόν: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
43
τὰ ῥήματα αὐτοῦ πεπυρωμένα ὑπὲρ χρυσίον τὸ πρῶτον τίμιον ἐν συναγωγαῖς διακρινεῖ λαοῦ φυλὰς ἡγιασμένου οἱ λόγοι αὐτοῦ ὡς λόγοι ἁγίων ἐν μέσῳ λαῶν ἡγιασμένων
His words are refined beyond the finest precious gold; in the assemblies he will judge the tribes of a sanctified people, and his words will be like the words of holy ones among sanctified peoples.
The king's speech is precious, refined, and fitting for a sanctified people.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ῥήματαsaying / wordN3M APN · ῥῆμαaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipῥῆμα: meaning 'saying'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
πεπυρωμέναrefine by fireVX · χμπαπν πυρόωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleχμπαπν πυρόω: meaning 'refine by fire'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ὑπὲρbeyond / aboveP · ὑπέρconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὑπὲρ: meaning 'beyond'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
χρυσίονgoldN2N ASN · χρυσίονaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipχρυσίον: meaning 'gold'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
πρῶτονfirst / finestA1 B · πρῶτοςnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipπρῶτον: meaning 'first'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
τίμιονpreciousA1A ASM · τίμιοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipτίμιος: meaning 'precious'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
συναγωγαῖςassemblyN1 DPF · συναγωγήdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσυναγωγή: meaning 'assembly'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
διακρινεῖjudge / decideVF2 FAI3S · κρίνω + διαmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureκρίνω + δια: meaning 'judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
φυλὰςtribeN1 APF · φυλήaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipφυλή: meaning 'tribe'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἡγιασμένουsanctifyVT · χμπγσμ ἁγιάζωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleχμπγσμ ἁγιάζω: meaning 'sanctify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λόγοιwordN2 NPM · λόγοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
λόγοιwordN2 NPM · λόγοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἁγίωνholyA1A GPM · ἅγιοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
λαῶνpeopleN2 GPM · λαόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἡγιασμένωνsanctifyVT · χμπγπμ ἁγιάζωparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleχμπγπμ ἁγιάζω: meaning 'sanctify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
44
μακάριοι οἱ γενόμενοι ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις ἰδεῖν τὰ ἀγαθὰ Ισραηλ ἐν συναγωγῇ φυλῶν ἃ ποιήσει ὁ θεός
Blessed are those born in those days, to see the good things of Israel in the gathering of the tribes, which God will accomplish.
A blessing is pronounced on those who live to see Israel's restoration.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
μακάριοιblessedA1A NPM · μακάριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipμακάριος: meaning 'blessed'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipοἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γενόμενοιbecome / happenVB · αμπνπμ γίγνομαιparticipial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively→ participleαμπνπμ γίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participial verbal form modifying the clause circumstantially or descriptively.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
ἐκείναιςthose / thatRD DPF · ἐκεῖνοςdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐκεῖνος: meaning 'those'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
ἰδεῖνlook / seeVB AAN · ὁράωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveὁράω: meaning 'look'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἀγαθὰgoodA1 APN · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GS · Ἰσραήλnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
συναγωγῇassemblyN1 DSF · συναγωγήdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipσυναγωγή: meaning 'assembly'; it serves as dative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation.
φυλῶνtribeN1 GPF · φυλήgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipφυλή: meaning 'tribe'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἃwho / whichRR APN · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἃ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ποιήσειdo / makeVF FAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ futureποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
45
ταχύναι ὁ θεὸς ἐπὶ Ισραηλ τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ ῥύσαιτο ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ ἀκαθαρσίας ἐχθρῶν βεβήλων
May God hasten his mercy upon Israel; may he rescue us from the uncleanness of profane enemies.
The psalm ends by pleading for the swift arrival of divine mercy and deliverance.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ταχύναιhastenVA AAN · ταχύνωinfinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause→ aorist infinitiveταχύνω: meaning 'hasten'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive verbal form completing or specifying the action of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπὶon / uponP · ἐπίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ΙσραηλIsraelN DS · Ἰσραήλnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΙσραηλ: meaning 'Israel'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
αὐτοῦhe / his / themRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτοῦ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ῥύσαιτοrescueVA AMO3S · ῥύομαιmain verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause→ verbal formῥύομαι: meaning 'rescue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action, appeal, confession, or promise of the clause.
ἡμᾶςwe / us / ourRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμᾶς: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἀκαθαρσίαςuncleannessN1A GSF · ἀκαθαρσίαgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἀκαθαρσία: meaning 'uncleanness'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
ἐχθρῶνenemyA1A GPM · ἐχθρόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
βεβήλωνprofaneN2 GPM · βέβηλοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβέβηλος: meaning 'profane'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
46
κύριος αὐτὸς βασιλεὺς ἡμῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ ἔτι ψαλμὸς τῷ Σαλωμων ἔτι τοῦ χριστοῦ κυρίου
The Lord himself is our king forever and ever. A psalm of Solomon, concerning the Lord's anointed.
The final line returns to the confession that the Lord himself remains Israel's king.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτὸςhe / his / themRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαὐτός: meaning 'he'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνwe / us / ourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
εἰςinto / forP · εἰςconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, goal, extent, or retained complement.
καὶandC · καίconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκαὶ: meaning 'and'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ἔτιstill / yetD · ἔτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔτι: meaning 'still'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
ψαλμὸςpsalmN2 NSM · ψαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipψαλμός: meaning 'psalm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative element marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect relation→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
ΣαλωμωνSolomonN DSM · Σαλωμώνnominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipΣαλωμων: meaning 'Solomon'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal or pronominal element contributing a participant or descriptive role in the clause.
ἔτιstill / yetD · ἔτιconnective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipἔτι: meaning 'still'; here it marks the relation signaled by connective, particle, adverb, or preposition shaping the flow of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.
χριστοῦanointedA1 GSM · χριστόςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipχριστός: meaning 'anointed'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.
κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description→ Davidic hope and righteous kingshipκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as genitive element marking relation, source, possession, or description.