1
τίς δῴη σε ἀδελφιδόν μου θηλάζοντα μαστοὺς μητρός μου εὑροῦσά σε ἔξω φιλήσω σε καί γε οὐκ ἐξουδενώσουσίν μοι
Who will give you to me as a little brother nursing at my mother's breasts? If I found you outside, I would kiss you, and they would not despise me.
The speaker wishes for a kin-like freedom that would permit public affection without shame or contempt.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δῴηmay he giveVO AAO3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateδίδωμι: meaning 'may he give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀδελφιδόνbelovedN2 ASM · ἀδελφιδόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀδελφιδός: meaning 'beloved'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θηλάζονταnursingV1 · παπασμ θηλάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπασμ θηλάζω: meaning 'nursing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μαστοὺςbreastN2 APM · μαστόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμαστός: meaning 'breast'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μητρόςof the motherN3 GSF · μήτηρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμήτηρ: meaning 'of the mother'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὑροῦσάfindingVB · ααπνσφ εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνσφ εὑρίσκω: meaning 'finding'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔξωexoD · ἔξωadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἔξω: meaning 'exo'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φιλήσωI would kissVA AAS1S · φιλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyφιλέω: meaning 'I would kiss'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καίandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαί: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γεindeedX · γέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγε: meaning 'indeed'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξουδενώσουσίνwill despiseVF FAI3P · οὐδενόω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοὐδενόω + ἐκ: meaning 'will despise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
2
παραλήμψομαί σε εἰσάξω σε εἰς οἶκον μητρός μου καὶ εἰς ταμίειον τῆς συλλαβούσης με ποτιῶ σε ἀπὸ οἴνου τοῦ μυρεψικοῦ ἀπὸ νάματος ῥοῶν μου
I would take you and bring you into my mother's house, into the chamber of her who conceived me; I would make you drink from spiced wine, from the juice of my pomegranates.
The imagined embrace moves inward to the mother's house, where intimacy, nurture, and rich drink converge.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
παραλήμψομαίI will take alongVF FMI1S · λαμβάνω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλαμβάνω + παρα: meaning 'I will take along'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰσάξωbring inVF FAI1S · ἄγω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἄγω + εἰς: meaning 'bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μητρόςof the motherN3 GSF · μήτηρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμήτηρ: meaning 'of the mother'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταμίειονinner roomN2N ASN · ταμιεῖονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationταμιεῖον: meaning 'inner room'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συλλαβούσηςwho conceivedV1 · παπγσφ λαμβάνω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσφ λαμβάνω + συν: meaning 'who conceived'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποτιῶwaterVF2 FAI1S · ποτίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureποτίζω: meaning 'water'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οἴνουwineN2 GSM · οἶνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶνος: meaning 'wine'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μυρεψικοῦspicedA1 GSM · μυρεψικόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμυρεψικός: meaning 'spiced'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
νάματοςjuiceN3M GSN · νᾶμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationνᾶμα: meaning 'juice'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ῥοῶνof pomegranatesN1 GPF · ῥοάgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationῥοά: meaning 'of pomegranates'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
εὐώνυμος αὐτοῦ ὑπὸ τὴν κεφαλήν μου καὶ ἡ δεξιὰ αὐτοῦ περιλήμψεταί με
His left hand is under my head, and his right hand will embrace me.
The familiar embrace formula returns, stabilizing the chapter in remembered bodily nearness.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
εὐώνυμοςleft handA1B NSM · εὐώνυμοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὐώνυμος: meaning 'left hand'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεφαλήνheadN1 ASF · κεφαλήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκεφαλή: meaning 'head'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεξιὰdexiosA1A NSF · δεξιόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδεξιός: meaning 'dexios'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
περιλήμψεταίwill embraceVF FMI3S · λαμβάνω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureλαμβάνω + περι: meaning 'will embrace'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
4
ὥρκισα ὑμᾶς θυγατέρες Ιερουσαλημ ἐν ταῖς δυνάμεσιν καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἰσχύσεσιν τοῦ ἀγροῦ τί ἐγείρητε καὶ τί ἐξεγείρητε τὴν ἀγάπην ἕως ἂν θελήσῃ
I adjure you, daughters of Jerusalem, by the powers and by the strengths of the field: why do you stir up and why do you awaken love until it pleases?
The Song's refrain warns again against forcing love before its proper will and season.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ὥρκισαορκιζωVAI AAI1S · ὁρκίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὁρκίζω: meaning 'ορκιζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὑμᾶς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θυγατέρεςdaughtersN3 VPF · θυγάτηρvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughters'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνάμεσινforcesN3I DPF · δύναμιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδύναμις: meaning 'forces'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχύσεσινstrengthsN3U DPF · ἰσχύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἰσχύς: meaning 'strengths'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγροῦfieldN2 GSM · ἀγρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀγρός: meaning 'field'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐγείρητεstir upVA AAS2P · ἐγείρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἐγείρω: meaning 'stir up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐξεγείρητεawakenVA AAS2P · ἐγείρω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἐγείρω + ἐκ: meaning 'awaken'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγάπηνloveN1 ASF · ἀγάπηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀγάπη: meaning 'love'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἕωςuntilC · ἕωςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἕως: meaning 'until'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θελήσῃmight wishVA AAS3S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyθέλω: meaning 'might wish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
5
τίς αὕτη ἡ ἀναβαίνουσα λελευκανθισμένη ἐπιστηριζομένη ἐπὶ τὸν ἀδελφιδὸν αὐτῆς ὑπὸ μῆλον ἐξήγειρά σε ἐκεῖ ὠδίνησέν σε ἡ μήτηρ σου ἐκεῖ ὠδίνησέν σε ἡ τεκοῦσά σου
Who is this coming up, brightened, leaning upon her beloved? Under the apple tree I awakened you; there your mother travailed with you, there she travailed who bore you.
The beloved pair are viewed from outside again, now in a scene of ascent, support, and remembered birth.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
τίςwhatRI NSF · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὕτη: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀναβαίνουσαcoming upV1 · παπνσφ βαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ βαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'coming up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λελευκανθισμένηbrightenedVT · χμπνσφ λευκανίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπνσφ λευκανίζω: meaning 'brightened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπιστηριζομένηleaning uponV1 · πμπνσφ στηρίζω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσφ στηρίζω + ἐπι: meaning 'leaning upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφιδὸνbelovedN2 ASM · ἀδελφιδόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀδελφιδός: meaning 'beloved'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μῆλονapple treeN2N ASN · μῆλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμῆλον: meaning 'apple tree'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐξήγειράI awakenedVAI AAI1S · ἀγείρω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀγείρω + ἐκ: meaning 'I awakened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὠδίνησένtravailedVA AAI3S · ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὠδίνω: meaning 'travailed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μήτηρmotherN3 NSF · μήτηρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμήτηρ: meaning 'mother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὠδίνησένtravailedVA AAI3S · ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὠδίνω: meaning 'travailed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τεκοῦσάwho boreVB · ααπνσφ τίκτωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνσφ τίκτω: meaning 'who bore'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
6
θές με ὡς σφραγῖδα ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν σου ὡς σφραγῖδα ἐπὶ τὸν βραχίονά σου ὅτι κραταιὰ ὡς θάνατος ἀγάπη σκληρὸς ὡς ᾅδης ζῆλος περίπτερα αὐτῆς περίπτερα πυρός φλόγες αὐτῆς
Set me as a seal upon your heart, as a seal upon your arm; for love is strong as death, jealousy hard as Hades; its wings are wings of fire, its flames.
The chapter's center defines love as seal, death-strong power, and fiery jealousy that marks both heart and arm.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
θέςsetVE AAD2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateτίθημι: meaning 'set'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σφραγῖδαsealsN3D ASF · σφραγίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσφραγίς: meaning 'seals'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σφραγῖδαsealsN3D ASF · σφραγίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσφραγίς: meaning 'seals'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βραχίονάβραχίωνN3N ASM · βραχίωνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβραχίων: meaning 'βραχίων'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κραταιὰstrongA1A NSF · κραταιόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκραταιός: meaning 'strong'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θάνατοςdeathN2 NSM · θάνατοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθάνατος: meaning 'death'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀγάπηloveN1 NSF · ἀγάπηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀγάπη: meaning 'love'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σκληρὸςhardA1A NSM · σκληρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκληρός: meaning 'hard'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾅδηςHades / SheolN1M NSM · ᾅδηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceᾅδης: meaning 'Hades'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ζῆλοςjealousyN2 NSM · ζῆλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceζῆλος: meaning 'jealousy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
περίπτεραwingsA1B NPN · περίπτεροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπερίπτερος: meaning 'wings'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
περίπτεραwingsA1B NPN · περίπτεροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπερίπτερος: meaning 'wings'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πυρόςof fireN3 GSN · πύρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύρ: meaning 'of fire'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
φλόγεςflamesN3G NPF · φλόξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφλόξ: meaning 'flames'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
7
ὕδωρ πολὺ οὐ δυνήσεται σβέσαι τὴν ἀγάπην καὶ ποταμοὶ οὐ συγκλύσουσιν αὐτήν ἐὰν δῷ ἀνὴρ τὸν πάντα βίον αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ ἀγάπῃ ἐξουδενώσει ἐξουδενώσουσιν αὐτόν
Much water will not be able to quench love, nor will rivers overwhelm it; if a man should give all his livelihood for love, they would utterly despise him.
Neither flood nor wealth can master love; the saying turns absolute, resisting both extinguishing and purchase.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πολὺlargeA1P NSN · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'large'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δυνήσεταιhe will be ableVF FMI3S · δύναμαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδύναμαι: meaning 'he will be able'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σβέσαιquenchVA AAN · σβέννυμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementσβέννυμι: meaning 'quench'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγάπηνloveN1 ASF · ἀγάπηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀγάπη: meaning 'love'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποταμοὶriverN2 NPM · ποταμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceποταμός: meaning 'river'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συγκλύσουσινwill overwhelmVF2 FAI3P · κλύζω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκλύζω + συν: meaning 'will overwhelm'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτήν: meaning 'her'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἐὰν: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δῷhe might giveVO AAS3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδίδωμι: meaning 'he might give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πάνταallA3 ASM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
βίονlifeN2 ASM · βίοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβίος: meaning 'life'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγάπῃfor loveN1 DSF · ἀγάπηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀγάπη: meaning 'for love'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐξουδενώσειcontemptN3I DSF · ἐξουδένωσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐξουδένωσις: meaning 'contempt'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐξουδενώσουσινwill utterly despiseVF FAI3P · οὐδενόω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοὐδενόω + ἐκ: meaning 'will utterly despise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
8
ἀδελφὴ ἡμῖν μικρὰ καὶ μαστοὺς οὐκ ἔχει τί ποιήσωμεν τῇ ἀδελφῇ ἡμῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ ἐὰν λαληθῇ ἐν αὐτῇ
We have a little sister, and she has no breasts; what shall we do for our sister in the day when she is spoken for?
The voice widens to family concern, imagining how immature love is to be guarded and prepared.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἀδελφὴsisterN1 NSF · ἀδελφήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφή: meaning 'sister'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μικρὰlittleA1A NSF · μικρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμικρός: meaning 'little'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μαστοὺςbreastN2 APM · μαστόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμαστός: meaning 'breast'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔχειhasV1 PAI3S · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἔχω: meaning 'has'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ποιήσωμενlet us makeVA AAS1P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyποιέω: meaning 'let us make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφῇsisterN1 DSF · ἀδελφήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀδελφή: meaning 'sister'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ᾗᾗRR DSF · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestᾗ: meaning 'ᾗ'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἐὰν: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαληθῇis spoken forVC APS3S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyλαλέω: meaning 'is spoken for'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
εἰ τεῖχός ἐστιν οἰκοδομήσωμεν ἐπ' αὐτὴν ἐπάλξεις ἀργυρᾶς καὶ εἰ θύρα ἐστίν διαγράψωμεν ἐπ' αὐτὴν σανίδα κεδρίνην
If she is a wall, let us build upon her silver battlements; and if she is a door, let us panel her over with cedar board.
The alternatives of wall and door treat maturity as something to be either fortified or protected according to character.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
εἰifC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεῖχόςwallN3E NSN · τεῖχοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἰκοδομήσωμενoikodomeoVA AAS1P · οἰκοδομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyοἰκοδομέω: meaning 'oikodomeo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτὴνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὴν: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπάλξειςbattlements / rampartsN3I APF · ἔπαλξιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔπαλξις: meaning 'battlements'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀργυρᾶςsilverA1C APF · ἀργυροῦςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀργυροῦς: meaning 'silver'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰifC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θύραdoorN1A NSF · θύραnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθύρα: meaning 'door'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστίνbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
διαγράψωμενlet us panel overVA AAS1P · γράφω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyγράφω + δια: meaning 'let us panel over'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτὴνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὴν: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σανίδαboardN3D ASF · σανίδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσανίδος: meaning 'board'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κεδρίνηνcedarA1 ASF · κέδρινοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέδρινος: meaning 'cedar'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
10
ἐγὼ τεῖχος καὶ μαστοί μου ὡς πύργοι ἐγὼ ἤμην ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ ὡς εὑρίσκουσα εἰρήνην
I am a wall, and my breasts are like towers; then I became in his eyes as one finding peace.
The woman answers for herself: she is no longer unfinished but stable, fruitful, and at peace in his sight.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τεῖχοςwallN3E NSN · τεῖχοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μαστοίbreastsN2 NPM · μαστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμαστός: meaning 'breasts'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πύργοιtowersN2 NPM · πύργοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπύργος: meaning 'towers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἤμηνειμιV9 IAI1S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'ειμι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὀφθαλμοῖςeyesN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὑρίσκουσαfindingV1 · παπνσφ εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ εὑρίσκω: meaning 'finding'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰρήνηνpeaceN1 ASF · εἰρήνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεἰρήνη: meaning 'peace'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
11
ἀμπελὼν ἐγενήθη τῷ Σαλωμων ἐν Βεελαμων ἔδωκεν τὸν ἀμπελῶνα αὐτοῦ τοῖς τηροῦσιν ἀνὴρ οἴσει ἐν καρπῷ αὐτοῦ χιλίους ἀργυρίου
Solomon had a vineyard in Baal-hamon; he gave his vineyard to keepers; each one would bring for its fruit a thousand pieces of silver.
The vineyard image turns economic, setting royal ownership, hired keeping, and measured return side by side.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἀμπελὼνvineyardN3W NSM · ἀμπελώνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀμπελών: meaning 'vineyard'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐγενήθηbecome / happenVCI API3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγίγνομαι: meaning 'become'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣαλωμωνSalomonN DSM · Σαλωμώνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλωμων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΒεελαμωνBaal-hamonN DS · Βεελαμωνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΒεελαμων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀμπελῶναvineyardN3W ASM · ἀμπελώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀμπελών: meaning 'vineyard'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τηροῦσινkeepingV2 · παπδπμ τηρέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπδπμ τηρέω: meaning 'keeping'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἴσειwill carryVF FAI3S · φέρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureφέρω: meaning 'will carry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καρπῷfruitN2 DSM · καρπόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαρπός: meaning 'fruit'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
χιλίουςthousandA1A APM · χίλιοιaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχίλιοι: meaning 'thousand'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀργυρίουsilverN2N GSN · ἀργύριονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
12
ἀμπελών μου ἐμὸς ἐνώπιόν μου οἱ χίλιοι σοί Σαλωμων καὶ οἱ διακόσιοι τοῖς τηροῦσι τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ
My vineyard, my very own, is before me: the thousand are yours, O Solomon, and the two hundred for those who keep its fruit.
The speaker distinguishes her own vineyard from Solomon's economy, asserting personal possession and directed gift.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἀμπελώνvineyardN3W NSM · ἀμπελώνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀμπελών: meaning 'vineyard'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐμὸςἐμόςA1 NSM · ἐμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐμός: meaning 'ἐμός'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνώπιόνenopionP · ἐνώπιονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐνώπιόν: meaning 'enopion'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χίλιοιthousandA1A NPM · χίλιοιnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ measure or countχίλιοι: meaning 'thousand'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
σοίyourRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοί: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΣαλωμωνSolomonN VSM · Σαλωμώνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλωμων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διακόσιοιtwo hundredA1A NPM · διακόσιοιnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδιακόσιοι: meaning 'two hundred'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τηροῦσιkeepingV2 · παπδπμ τηρέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπδπμ τηρέω: meaning 'keeping'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρπὸνfruitN2 ASM · καρπόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρπός: meaning 'fruit'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
13
ὁ καθήμενος ἐν κήποις ἑταῖροι προσέχοντες τῇ φωνῇ σου ἀκούτισόν με
You who sit in the gardens, companions listening for your voice, let me hear it.
The closing exchange narrows to voice and attention; companions listen, but the beloved asks to hear directly.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καθήμενοςπμπνσμ ἧμαιV5 · πμπνσμ ἧμαι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ ἧμαι + κατα: meaning 'πμπνσμ ἧμαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κήποιςgardenN2 DPM · κῆποςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκῆπος: meaning 'garden'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἑταῖροιcompanionsN2 NPM · ἑταῖροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἑταῖρος: meaning 'companions'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
προσέχοντεςattendingV1 · παπνπμ ἔχω + προςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἔχω + προς: meaning 'attending'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωνῇvoiceN1 DSF · φωνήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀκούτισόνlet me hearVA AAD2S · ἀκουτίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀκουτίζω: meaning 'let me hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
14
φύγε ἀδελφιδέ μου καὶ ὁμοιώθητι τῇ δορκάδι ἢ τῷ νεβρῷ τῶν ἐλάφων ἐπὶ ὄρη ἀρωμάτων
Flee, my beloved, and be like a gazelle or a young stag upon the mountains of spices.
The Song ends with motion rather than closure, sending the beloved out swift and vivid over the mountains of spices.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
φύγεfleeVB AAD2S · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateφεύγω: meaning 'flee'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀδελφιδέbelovedN2 VSM · ἀδελφιδόςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressἀδελφιδός: meaning 'beloved'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁμοιώθητιbe likeVC APD2S · ὁμοιόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁμοιόω: meaning 'be like'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δορκάδιgazelleN3D DSF · δορκάςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδορκάς: meaning 'gazelle'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νεβρῷyoung stagN2 DSM · νεβρόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceνεβρός: meaning 'young stag'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλάφωνof deerN2 GPM · ἔλαφοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔλαφος: meaning 'of deer'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὄρηmountainN3E APN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀρωμάτωνaromaN3M GPN · ἄρωμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄρωμα: meaning 'aroma'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.