Greek Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Tobit, Chapter 14ΤΩΒΙΤ ΙΔ′

Each verse opens with the running Greek, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case (color), parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Testament and epilogue meet here at once: Tobit's personal story closes, but it closes by projecting outward into the fate of Nineveh, the scattering and restoration of Israel, and the ultimate vindication of prophetic speech.

Translation & textual notes

The Greek text of Tobit 14 follows the standard Septuagint form represented in the imported critical-text base. Testament and epilogue meet here at once: Tobit's personal story closes, but it closes by projecting outward into the fate of Nineveh, the scattering and restoration of Israel, and the ultimate vindication of prophetic speech. The result is a conclusion that treats domestic piety, burial honor, almsgiving, and world-historical judgment as parts of a single providential order.

1

καὶ ἐπαύσατο ἐξομολογούμενος Τωβιτ

And Tobit ceased giving thanks.

Hymn closesκαὶ
The hymn ends and the narrative resumes, marking the transition from praise to testament and death.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐπαύσατοceasedVAI AMI3S · παύωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐπαύσατο: lexical item rendered 'ceased' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐξομολογούμενοςgiving thanksV2 · πμπνσμ ὁμολογέω + ἐκparticiple or verbal form supporting the clause actionἐξομολογούμενος: lexical item rendered 'giving thanks' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΤωβιτTobitN NSM · Τωβιτproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΤωβιτ: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
2

καὶ ἦν ἐτῶν πεντήκοντα ὀκτώ ὅτε ἀπώλεσεν τὰς ὄψεις καὶ μετὰ ἔτη ὀκτὼ ἀνέβλεψεν καὶ ἐποίει ἐλεημοσύνας καὶ προσέθετο φοβεῖσθαι κύριον τὸν θεὸν καὶ ἐξομολογεῖσθαι αὐτῷ

And he was fifty-eight years old when he lost his sight, and after eight years he regained it, and he did acts of almsgiving and continued to fear the Lord God and to give thanks to him.

Life summaryκαὶ
A compressed notice gathers Tobit's blindness, restoration, almsgiving, fear of God, and thanksgiving into a final character summary.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἦνhe wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἦν: lexical item rendered 'he was' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐτῶνof yearsN3E GPN · ἔτοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἐτῶν: lexical item rendered 'of years' in this chapter's immediate context.
πεντήκονταfiftyM · πεντήκονταnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseπεντήκοντα: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'fifty' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ὀκτώeightM · ὀκτώnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseὀκτώ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'eight' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseὅτε: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'when' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἀπώλεσενhe lostVAI AAI3S · ὀλλύω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀπώλεσεν: lexical item rendered 'he lost' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὰς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ὄψειςsightsN3I APF · ὄψιςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseὄψεις: lexical item rendered 'sights' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
μετὰafterP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετὰ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'after' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἔτηyearsN3E APN · ἔτοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἔτη: lexical item rendered 'years' in this chapter's immediate context.
ὀκτὼeightM · ὀκτώnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseὀκτὼ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'eight' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἀνέβλεψενhe regained sightVAI AAI3S · βλέπω + ἀναfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀνέβλεψεν: lexical item rendered 'he regained sight' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐποίειhe was doingV2I IAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐποίει: lexical item rendered 'he was doing' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐλεημοσύναςalmsgivingsN1 APF · ἐλεημοσύνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἐλεημοσύνας: lexical item rendered 'almsgivings' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
προσέθετοhe continuedVEI AMI3S · τίθημι + προςparticiple or verbal form supporting the clause actionπροσέθετο: lexical item rendered 'he continued' in this chapter's immediate context.
φοβεῖσθαιto fearV2 PMN · φοβέωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseφοβεῖσθαι: lexical item rendered 'to fear' in this chapter's immediate context.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκύριον: lexical item rendered 'Lord' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθεὸν: lexical item rendered 'God' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐξομολογεῖσθαιto give thanksV2 PMN · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἐξομολογεῖσθαι: lexical item rendered 'to give thanks' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῷ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'to him' in this clause.
3

μεγάλως δὲ ἐγήρασεν καὶ ἐκάλεσεν τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ τέκνον λαβὲ τοὺς υἱούς σου ἰδοὺ γεγήρακα καὶ πρὸς τὸ ἀποτρέχειν ἐκ τοῦ ζῆν εἰμι

And when he had become very old, he called his son and his son's sons and said to him, Child, take your sons; behold, I have grown old and am at the point of departing from life.

Deathbed summonsμεγάλως
Tobit calls the next generation close and announces that his own departure from life is near.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
μεγάλωςgreatlyD · μεγάλωςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseμεγάλως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'greatly' in this chapter's testament and closure.
δὲand thenX · δέproper name or particle within the testament sequenceδὲ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and then' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐγήρασενhe grew oldVAI AAI3S · γηράωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐγήρασεν: lexical item rendered 'he grew old' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐκάλεσενhe calledVAI AAI3S · καλέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐκάλεσεν: lexical item rendered 'he called' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
υἱὸνsonN2 ASM · υἱόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseυἱὸν: lexical item rendered 'son' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοὺς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseυἱοὺς: lexical item rendered 'sons' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseεἶπεν: lexical item rendered 'said' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῷ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'to him' in this clause.
τέκνονchildN2N VSN · τέκνονnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' in this chapter's immediate context.
λαβὲtakeVB AAD2S · λαμβάνωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseλαβὲ: lexical item rendered 'take' in this chapter's immediate context.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοὺς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
υἱούςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseυἱούς: lexical item rendered 'sons' in this chapter's immediate context.
σουof youRP GS · σύpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseσου: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of you' in this clause.
ἰδοὺbeholdVB AMD2S · ὁράωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἰδοὺ: lexical item rendered 'behold' in this chapter's immediate context.
γεγήρακαI have grown oldVX XAI1S · γηράσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseγεγήρακα: lexical item rendered 'I have grown old' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phraseπρὸς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'toward' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀποτρέχεινto departV1 PAN · τρέχω + ἀποverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἀποτρέχειν: lexical item rendered 'to depart' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phraseἐκ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'from' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ζῆνto liveV3 PAN · ζάωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseζῆν: lexical item rendered 'to live' in this chapter's immediate context.
εἰμιI amV9 PAI1S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseεἰμι: lexical item rendered 'I am' in this chapter's immediate context.
4

ἄπελθε εἰς τὴν Μηδίαν τέκνον ὅτι πέπεισμαι ὅσα ἐλάλησεν Ιωνας ὁ προφήτης περὶ Νινευη ὅτι καταστραφήσεται ἐν δὲ τῇ Μηδίᾳ ἔσται εἰρήνη μᾶλλον ἕως καιροῦ καὶ ὅτι οἱ ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν ἐν τῇ γῇ σκορπισθήσονται ἀπὸ τῆς ἀγαθῆς γῆς καὶ Ιεροσόλυμα ἔσται ἔρημος καὶ ὁ οἶκος τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν αὐτῇ κατακαήσεται καὶ ἔρημος ἔσται μέχρι χρόνου

Go to Media, child, because I am persuaded about all that Jonah the prophet spoke concerning Nineveh, that it will be overthrown. But in Media there will be peace for a time, and our brothers will be scattered from the good land, and Jerusalem will be desolate, and the house of God in it will be burned and will remain desolate for a time.

Prophetic warningἄπελθε
His final counsel begins with flight from Nineveh and confidence in prophetic judgment, linking family prudence to Israel's larger historical future.
Word-by-word analysis· 55 words
ἄπελθεdepartVB AAD2S · ἔρχομαι + ἀποverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἄπελθε: lexical item rendered 'depart' in this chapter's immediate context.
εἰςtoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'to' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὴν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ΜηδίανMediaN ASF · Μηδείαproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΜηδίαν: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
τέκνονchildN2N VSN · τέκνονnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' in this chapter's immediate context.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconjunction linking the clause or sequenceὅτι: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'because' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πέπεισμαιI am persuadedVT XMI1S · πείθωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseπέπεισμαι: lexical item rendered 'I am persuaded' in this chapter's immediate context.
ὅσαwhat thingsA1 APN · ὅσοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseὅσα: lexical item rendered 'what things' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐλάλησενspokeVAI AAI3S · λαλέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐλάλησεν: lexical item rendered 'spoke' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΙωναςJonahN NSM · Ἰωνᾶςproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΙωνας: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
theRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseὁ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
προφήτηςprophetN1M NSM · προφήτηςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπροφήτης: lexical item rendered 'prophet' in this chapter's immediate context.
περὶconcerningP · περίpreposition governing the following phraseπερὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'concerning' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΝινευηNinevehN GSF · Νινευηproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΝινευη: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction linking the clause or sequenceὅτι: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'that' in this chapter's testament and closure.
καταστραφήσεταιit will be overthrownVD FPI3S · στρέφω + καταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseκαταστραφήσεται: lexical item rendered 'it will be overthrown' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'in' in this chapter's testament and closure.
δὲbutX · δέproper name or particle within the testament sequenceδὲ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'but' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῇ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ΜηδίᾳMediaN DSF · Μηδείαproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΜηδίᾳ: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ἔσταιthere will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἔσται: lexical item rendered 'there will be' in this chapter's immediate context.
εἰρήνηpeaceN1 NSF · εἰρήνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseεἰρήνη: lexical item rendered 'peace' in this chapter's immediate context.
μᾶλλονratherD · μᾶλλονadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseμᾶλλον: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'rather' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἕωςuntilC · ἕωςconjunction linking the clause or sequenceἕως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'until' in this chapter's testament and closure.
καιροῦa timeN2 GSM · καιρόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκαιροῦ: lexical item rendered 'a time' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction linking the clause or sequenceὅτι: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'that' in this chapter's testament and closure.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseοἱ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀδελφοὶbrothersN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἀδελφοὶ: lexical item rendered 'brothers' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνof usRP GP · ἐγώpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseἡμῶν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of us' in this clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'in' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῇ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
γῇlandN1 DSF · γῆnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseγῇ: lexical item rendered 'land' in this chapter's immediate context.
σκορπισθήσονταιwill be scatteredVC FPI3P · σκορπίζωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseσκορπισθήσονται: lexical item rendered 'will be scattered' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phraseἀπὸ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'from' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῆς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀγαθῆςgoodA1 GSF · ἀγαθόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἀγαθῆς: lexical item rendered 'good' in this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseγῆς: lexical item rendered 'land' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΙεροσόλυμαJerusalemN AS · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΙεροσόλυμα: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ἔσταιwill beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἔσται: lexical item rendered 'will be' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἔρημοςdesolateN2 NSF · ἐρῆμοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἔρημος: lexical item rendered 'desolate' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
theRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseὁ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseοἶκος: lexical item rendered 'house' in this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθεοῦ: lexical item rendered 'God' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'in' in this chapter's testament and closure.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῇ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'it' in this clause.
κατακαήσεταιwill be burnedVF FAI3S · καίω + καταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseκατακαήσεται: lexical item rendered 'will be burned' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἔρημοςdesolateN2 NSF · ἐρῆμοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἔρημος: lexical item rendered 'desolate' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἔσταιwill beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἔσται: lexical item rendered 'will be' in this chapter's immediate context.
μέχριuntilP · μέχριpreposition governing the following phraseμέχρι: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'until' in this chapter's testament and closure.
χρόνουa timeN2 GSM · χρόνοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseχρόνου: lexical item rendered 'a time' in this chapter's immediate context.
5

καὶ πάλιν ἐλεήσει αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς καὶ ἐπιστρέψει αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν γῆν καὶ οἰκοδομήσουσιν τὸν οἶκον οὐχ οἷος ὁ πρότερος ἕως πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐπιστρέψουσιν ἐκ τῶν αἰχμαλωσιῶν καὶ οἰκοδομήσουσιν Ιερουσαλημ ἐντίμως καὶ ὁ οἶκος τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν αὐτῇ οἰκοδομηθήσεται εἰς πάσας τὰς γενεὰς τοῦ αἰῶνος οἰκοδομῇ ἐνδόξῳ καθὼς ἐλάλησαν περὶ αὐτῆς οἱ προφῆται

And again God will have mercy on them and bring them back into the land, and they will build the house, though not like the former one, until the times of the age are fulfilled. And after these things they will return from the captivities and build Jerusalem honorably, and the house of God in it will be built for all the generations of the age in glorious building, just as the prophets spoke concerning her.

Restoration forecastκαὶ
The warning is balanced by hope: Jerusalem and the temple will be restored in stages exactly as the prophets said.
Word-by-word analysis· 58 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πάλινagainD · πάλινadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseπάλιν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'again' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐλεήσειhe will have mercy onVF FAI3S · ἐλεέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐλεήσει: lexical item rendered 'he will have mercy on' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοὺς: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'them' in this clause.
theRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseὁ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθεὸς: lexical item rendered 'God' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐπιστρέψειhe will returnVF FAI3S · στρέφω + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐπιστρέψει: lexical item rendered 'he will return' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοὺς: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'them' in this clause.
εἰςtoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'to' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὴν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseγῆν: lexical item rendered 'land' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
οἰκοδομήσουσινthey will buildVF FAI3P · οἰκοδομέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseοἰκοδομήσουσιν: lexical item rendered 'they will build' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseοἶκον: lexical item rendered 'house' in this chapter's immediate context.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseοὐχ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'not' in this chapter's testament and closure.
οἷοςsuch asA1A NSM · οἷοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseοἷος: lexical item rendered 'such as' in this chapter's immediate context.
theRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseὁ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
πρότεροςformerA1A NSM · πρότεροςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπρότερος: lexical item rendered 'former' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἕωςuntilC · ἕωςconjunction linking the clause or sequenceἕως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'until' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πληρωθῶσινmay be fulfilledVC APS3P · πληρόωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseπληρωθῶσιν: lexical item rendered 'may be fulfilled' in this chapter's immediate context.
καιροὶtimesN2 NPM · καιρόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκαιροὶ: lexical item rendered 'times' in this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
αἰῶνοςageN3W GSM · αἰώνnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseαἰῶνος: lexical item rendered 'age' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
μετὰafterP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετὰ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'after' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseταῦτα: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'these things' in this clause.
ἐπιστρέψουσινthey will returnVF FAI3P · στρέφω + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐπιστρέψουσιν: lexical item rendered 'they will return' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phraseἐκ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'from' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῶν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
αἰχμαλωσιῶνcaptivitiesN1A GPF · αἰχμαλωσίαnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseαἰχμαλωσιῶν: lexical item rendered 'captivities' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
οἰκοδομήσουσινthey will buildVF FAI3P · οἰκοδομέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseοἰκοδομήσουσιν: lexical item rendered 'they will build' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN NS · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ἐντίμωςhonorablyD · ἐντίμωςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseἐντίμως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'honorably' in this chapter's testament and closure.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
theRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseὁ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseοἶκος: lexical item rendered 'house' in this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθεοῦ: lexical item rendered 'God' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'in' in this chapter's testament and closure.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῇ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'it' in this clause.
οἰκοδομηθήσεταιwill be builtVC FPI3S · οἰκοδομέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseοἰκοδομηθήσεται: lexical item rendered 'will be built' in this chapter's immediate context.
εἰςuntoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'unto' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πάσαςallA1S APF · πᾶςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπάσας: lexical item rendered 'all' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὰς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
γενεὰςgenerationsN1A APF · γενεάnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseγενεὰς: lexical item rendered 'generations' in this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
αἰῶνοςageN3W GSM · αἰώνnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseαἰῶνος: lexical item rendered 'age' in this chapter's immediate context.
οἰκοδομῇwith buildingN1 DSF · οἰκοδομήnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseοἰκοδομῇ: lexical item rendered 'with building' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνδόξῳgloriousA1B DSF · ἔνδοξοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἐνδόξῳ: lexical item rendered 'glorious' in this chapter's immediate context.
καθὼςjust asD · καθώςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseκαθὼς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'just as' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐλάλησανthey spokeVAI AAI3P · λαλέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐλάλησαν: lexical item rendered 'they spoke' in this chapter's immediate context.
περὶconcerningP · περίpreposition governing the following phraseπερὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'concerning' in this chapter's testament and closure.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῆς: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'her' in this clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseοἱ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
προφῆταιprophetsN1M NPM · προφήτηςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπροφῆται: lexical item rendered 'prophets' in this chapter's immediate context.
6

καὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ἐπιστρέψουσιν ἀληθινῶς φοβεῖσθαι κύριον τὸν θεὸν καὶ κατορύξουσιν τὰ εἴδωλα αὐτῶν καὶ εὐλογήσουσιν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τὸν κύριον

And all the nations will turn truly to fear the Lord God and will bury their idols, and all the nations will bless the Lord.

Nations turning to Godκαὶ
The horizon widens beyond Israel as idol-renouncing nations come to fear and bless the Lord truly.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπάντα: lexical item rendered 'all' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὰ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἔθνη: lexical item rendered 'nations' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπιστρέψουσινwill turnVF FAI3P · στρέφω + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐπιστρέψουσιν: lexical item rendered 'will turn' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἀληθινῶςtrulyD · ἀληθινῶςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseἀληθινῶς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'truly' in this chapter's testament and closure.
φοβεῖσθαιto fearV2 PMN · φοβέωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseφοβεῖσθαι: lexical item rendered 'to fear' in this chapter's immediate context.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκύριον: lexical item rendered 'Lord' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθεὸν: lexical item rendered 'God' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
κατορύξουσινthey will buryVF FAI3P · ὀρύσσω + καταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseκατορύξουσιν: lexical item rendered 'they will bury' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὰ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
εἴδωλαidolsN2N APN · εἴδωλονnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseεἴδωλα: lexical item rendered 'idols' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῶνof themRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῶν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of them' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
εὐλογήσουσινthey will blessVF FAI3P · εὐλογέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseεὐλογήσουσιν: lexical item rendered 'they will bless' in this chapter's immediate context.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπάντα: lexical item rendered 'all' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὰ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἔθνη: lexical item rendered 'nations' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκύριον: lexical item rendered 'Lord' in this chapter's immediate context.
7

καὶ ὁ λαὸς αὐτοῦ ἐξομολογήσεται τῷ θεῷ καὶ ὑψώσει κύριος τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ χαρήσονται πάντες οἱ ἀγαπῶντες κύριον τὸν θεὸν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ ποιοῦντες ἔλεος τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ἡμῶν

And his people will give thanks to God, and the Lord will exalt his people, and all who love the Lord God in truth and righteousness, doing mercy to our brothers, will rejoice.

Blessing on the merciful righteousκαὶ
Tobit identifies the rejoicing people of God as those who love the Lord in truth, righteousness, and practical mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
theRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseὁ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseλαὸς: lexical item rendered 'people' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
ἐξομολογήσεταιwill give thanksVF FMI3S · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἐξομολογήσεται: lexical item rendered 'will give thanks' in this chapter's immediate context.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῷ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθεῷ: lexical item rendered 'God' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ὑψώσειwill exaltVF FAI3S · ὑψόωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseὑψώσει: lexical item rendered 'will exalt' in this chapter's immediate context.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseλαὸν: lexical item rendered 'people' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
χαρήσονταιthey will rejoiceVD FPI3P · χαίρωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseχαρήσονται: lexical item rendered 'they will rejoice' in this chapter's immediate context.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπάντες: lexical item rendered 'all' in this chapter's immediate context.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseοἱ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀγαπῶντεςones lovingV3 · παπνπμ ἀγαπάωparticiple or verbal form supporting the clause actionἀγαπῶντες: lexical item rendered 'ones loving' in this chapter's immediate context.
κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκύριον: lexical item rendered 'Lord' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθεὸν: lexical item rendered 'God' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'in' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἀληθείᾳtruthN1A DSF · ἀλήθειαnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἀληθείᾳ: lexical item rendered 'truth' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
δικαιοσύνῃrighteousnessN1 DSF · δικαιοσύνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseδικαιοσύνῃ: lexical item rendered 'righteousness' in this chapter's immediate context.
ποιοῦντεςdoingV2 · παπνπμ ποιέωparticiple or verbal form supporting the clause actionποιοῦντες: lexical item rendered 'doing' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἔλεος: lexical item rendered 'mercy' in this chapter's immediate context.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῖς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀδελφοῖςbrothersN2 DPM · ἀδελφόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἀδελφοῖς: lexical item rendered 'brothers' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνof usRP GP · ἐγώpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseἡμῶν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of us' in this clause.
8

καὶ νῦν τέκνον ἄπελθε ἀπὸ Νινευη ὅτι πάντως ἔσται ἃ ἐλάλησεν ὁ προφήτης Ιωνας

And now, child, depart from Nineveh, because what the prophet Jonah spoke will certainly happen.

Immediate instruction to departκαὶ
After the broad prophecy, Tobit returns to direct application: Tobias must leave Nineveh before the foretold ruin arrives.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseνῦν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'now' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τέκνονchildN2N VSN · τέκνονnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἄπελθεdepartVB AAD2S · ἔρχομαι + ἀποverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἄπελθε: lexical item rendered 'depart' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phraseἀπὸ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'from' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΝινευηNinevehN GSF · Νινευηproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΝινευη: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconjunction linking the clause or sequenceὅτι: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'because' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πάντωςcertainlyD · πάντωςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseπάντως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'certainly' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἔσταιthere will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἔσται: lexical item rendered 'there will be' in this chapter's immediate context.
which thingsRR APN · ὅςrelative form linking the clause to its antecedentἃ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'which things' in this clause.
ἐλάλησενspokeVAI AAI3S · λαλέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐλάλησεν: lexical item rendered 'spoke' in this chapter's immediate context.
theRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseὁ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
προφήτηςprophetN1M NSM · προφήτηςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπροφήτης: lexical item rendered 'prophet' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΙωναςJonahN NSM · Ἰωνᾶςproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΙωνας: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
9

σὺ δὲ τήρησον τὸν νόμον καὶ τὰ προστάγματα καὶ γίνου φιλελεήμων καὶ δίκαιος ἵνα σοι καλῶς ᾖ καὶ θάψον με καλῶς καὶ τὴν μητέρα σου μετ' ἐμοῦ καὶ μηκέτι αὐλισθῆτε εἰς Νινευη

But you, keep the law and the commandments, and become merciful and righteous, so that it may go well with you. Bury me properly, and your mother with me, and no longer stay in Nineveh.

Ethical charge and burial commandσὺ
The son is bound to law, mercy, justice, and honorable burial, with a final warning not to remain in Nineveh.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseσὺ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'you' in this clause.
δὲbutX · δέproper name or particle within the testament sequenceδὲ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'but' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τήρησονkeepVA AAD2S · τηρέωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseτήρησον: lexical item rendered 'keep' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
νόμονlawN2 ASM · νόμοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseνόμον: lexical item rendered 'law' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὰ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
προστάγματαcommandmentsN3M APN · πρόσταγμαnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπροστάγματα: lexical item rendered 'commandments' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
γίνουbecomeV1 PMD2S · γίγνομαιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseγίνου: lexical item rendered 'become' in this chapter's immediate context.
φιλελεήμωνmercifulA3 NSM · φιλελεήμωνnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseφιλελεήμων: lexical item rendered 'merciful' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseδίκαιος: lexical item rendered 'righteous' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconjunction linking the clause or sequenceἵνα: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'so that' in this chapter's testament and closure.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseσοι: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'to you' in this clause.
καλῶςwellD · καλῶςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseκαλῶς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'well' in this chapter's testament and closure.
it may beV9 PAS3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseᾖ: lexical item rendered 'it may be' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
θάψονburyVA AAD2S · θάπτωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseθάψον: lexical item rendered 'bury' in this chapter's immediate context.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseμε: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'me' in this clause.
καλῶςwellD · καλῶςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseκαλῶς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'well' in this chapter's testament and closure.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὴν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
μητέραmotherN3 ASF · μήτηρnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseμητέρα: lexical item rendered 'mother' in this chapter's immediate context.
σουof youRP GS · σύpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseσου: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of you' in this clause.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετ': connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'with' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐμοῦmeRP GS · ἐγώpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseἐμοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'me' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
μηκέτιno longerD · μηκέτιadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseμηκέτι: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'no longer' in this chapter's testament and closure.
αὐλισθῆτεyou may lodgeVS APS2P · αὐλίζωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseαὐλισθῆτε: lexical item rendered 'you may lodge' in this chapter's immediate context.
εἰςinP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'in' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΝινευηNinevehN ASF · Νινευηproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΝινευη: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
10

τέκνον ἰδὲ τί ἐποίησεν Αμαν Αχιαχάρῳ τῷ θρέψαντι αὐτόν ὡς ἐκ τοῦ φωτὸς ἤγαγεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ σκότος καὶ ὅσα ἀνταπέδωκεν αὐτῷ καὶ Αχιαχαρος μὲν ἐσώθη ἐκείνῳ δὲ τὸ ἀνταπόδομα ἀπεδόθη καὶ αὐτὸς κατέβη εἰς τὸ σκότος Μανασσης ἐποίησεν ἐλεημοσύνην καὶ ἐσώθη ἐκ παγίδος θανάτου ἧς ἔπηξεν αὐτῷ Αμαν δὲ ἐνέπεσεν εἰς τὴν παγίδα καὶ ἀπώλετο

Child, see what Haman did to Ahikar who reared him, how from the light he brought him into darkness, and what he repaid him. But Ahikar was saved, while that man was repaid in return, and he himself went down into the darkness. Manasseh did almsgiving and was saved from the snare of death that Haman set for him, but Haman fell into the snare and perished.

Example of reversalτέκνον
Tobit reinforces the lesson by citing the reversal of Haman and Ahikar, contrasting destructive treachery with almsgiving and deliverance.
Word-by-word analysis· 56 words
τέκνονchildN2N VSN · τέκνονnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἰδὲseeVB AAD2S · ὁράωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἰδὲ: lexical item rendered 'see' in this chapter's immediate context.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseτί: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'what' in this clause.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐποίησεν: lexical item rendered 'did' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΑμανHamanN NSM · Ἁμάνproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΑμαν: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
Αχιαχάρῳto AhikarN2 DSM · Ἀχιάχαροςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΑχιαχάρῳ: lexical item rendered 'to Ahikar' in this chapter's immediate context.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῷ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
θρέψαντιone having rearedVA · ααπδσμ τρέφωparticiple or verbal form supporting the clause actionθρέψαντι: lexical item rendered 'one having reared' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτόν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'him' in this clause.
ὡςhowC · ὡςconjunction linking the clause or sequenceὡς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'how' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phraseἐκ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'from' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
φωτὸςlightN3T GSN · φῶςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseφωτὸς: lexical item rendered 'light' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἤγαγενhe ledVBI AAI3S · ἄγωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἤγαγεν: lexical item rendered 'he led' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτὸν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'him' in this clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'into' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
σκότοςdarknessN3E ASN · σκότοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseσκότος: lexical item rendered 'darkness' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ὅσαhow muchA1 APN · ὅσοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseὅσα: lexical item rendered 'how much' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἀνταπέδωκενhe repaidVAI AAI3S · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀνταπέδωκεν: lexical item rendered 'he repaid' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῷ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'to him' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΑχιαχαροςAhikarN2 NSM · Ἀχιάχαροςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΑχιαχαρος: lexical item rendered 'Ahikar' in this chapter's immediate context.
μὲνindeedX · μένproper name or particle within the testament sequenceμὲν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'indeed' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐσώθηwas savedVCI API3S · σώζωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐσώθη: lexical item rendered 'was saved' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκείνῳthat oneRD DSM · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseἐκείνῳ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'that one' in this clause.
δὲbutX · δέproper name or particle within the testament sequenceδὲ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'but' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀνταπόδομαrepaymentN3M ASN · ἀνταπόδομαnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἀνταπόδομα: lexical item rendered 'repayment' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπεδόθηwas repaidVCI API3S · δίδωμι + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀπεδόθη: lexical item rendered 'was repaid' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτὸς: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'he' in this clause.
κατέβηwent downVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + καταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseκατέβη: lexical item rendered 'went down' in this chapter's immediate context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'into' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
σκότοςdarknessN3E ASN · σκότοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseσκότος: lexical item rendered 'darkness' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΜανασσηςManassehN1M NSM · Μανασσήςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΜανασσης: lexical item rendered 'Manasseh' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐποίησεν: lexical item rendered 'did' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐλεημοσύνηνalmsgivingN1 ASF · ἐλεημοσύνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἐλεημοσύνην: lexical item rendered 'almsgiving' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐσώθηwas savedVCI API3S · σώζωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐσώθη: lexical item rendered 'was saved' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phraseἐκ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'from' in this chapter's testament and closure.
παγίδοςa snareN3D GSF · παγίςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπαγίδος: lexical item rendered 'a snare' in this chapter's immediate context.
θανάτουof deathN2 GSM · θάνατοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseθανάτου: lexical item rendered 'of death' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἧςwhichRR GSF · ὅςrelative form linking the clause to its antecedentἧς: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'which' in this clause.
ἔπηξενhe setVAI AAI3S · πήγνυμιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἔπηξεν: lexical item rendered 'he set' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῷfor himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῷ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'for him' in this clause.
ΑμανHamanN NSM · Ἁμάνproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΑμαν: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
δὲbutX · δέproper name or particle within the testament sequenceδὲ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'but' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐνέπεσενfell intoVAI AAI3S · πίπτω + ἐνfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐνέπεσεν: lexical item rendered 'fell into' in this chapter's immediate context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'into' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὴν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
παγίδαsnareN3D ASF · παγίςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπαγίδα: lexical item rendered 'snare' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἀπώλετοperishedVBI AMI3S · ὀλλύω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀπώλετο: lexical item rendered 'perished' in this chapter's immediate context.
11

καὶ νῦν παιδία ἴδετε τί ἐλεημοσύνη ποιεῖ καὶ τί δικαιοσύνη ῥύεται καὶ ταῦτα αὐτοῦ λέγοντος ἐξέλιπεν αὐτοῦ ἡ ψυχὴ ἐπὶ τῆς κλίνης ἦν δὲ ἐτῶν ἑκατὸν πεντήκοντα ὀκτώ καὶ ἔθαψεν αὐτὸν ἐνδόξως

And now, children, see what almsgiving does and how righteousness delivers. And as he was saying these things, his life came to an end on the bed. He was one hundred and fifty-eight years old, and he buried him honorably.

Final maxim and deathκαὶ
His last didactic word returns to almsgiving and righteousness just before his life ends, making the moral point inseparable from the deathbed scene.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseνῦν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'now' in this chapter's testament and closure.
παιδίαchildrenN2N VPN · παιδίονnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπαιδία: lexical item rendered 'children' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἴδετεseeVB AAD2P · ὁράωverbal form expressing the action, exhortation, or infinitive idea of the clauseἴδετε: lexical item rendered 'see' in this chapter's immediate context.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseτί: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'what' in this clause.
ἐλεημοσύνηalmsgivingN1 NSF · ἐλεημοσύνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἐλεημοσύνη: lexical item rendered 'almsgiving' in this chapter's immediate context.
ποιεῖdoesV2 PAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseποιεῖ: lexical item rendered 'does' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseτί: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'what' in this clause.
δικαιοσύνηrighteousnessN1 NSF · δικαιοσύνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseδικαιοσύνη: lexical item rendered 'righteousness' in this chapter's immediate context.
ῥύεταιdeliversV1 PMI3S · ῥύομαιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseῥύεται: lexical item rendered 'delivers' in this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseταῦτα: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'these things' in this clause.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
λέγοντοςwhile speakingV1 · παπγσμ λέγωparticiple or verbal form supporting the clause actionλέγοντος: lexical item rendered 'while speaking' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐξέλιπενcame to an endVBI AAI3S · λείπω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐξέλιπεν: lexical item rendered 'came to an end' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
theRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseἡ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ψυχὴlifeN1 NSF · ψυχήnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseψυχὴ: lexical item rendered 'life' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phraseἐπὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'upon' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῆς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
κλίνηςbedN1 GSF · κλίνηnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseκλίνης: lexical item rendered 'bed' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἦνhe wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἦν: lexical item rendered 'he was' in this chapter's immediate context.
δὲand thenX · δέproper name or particle within the testament sequenceδὲ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and then' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐτῶνof yearsN3E GPN · ἔτοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἐτῶν: lexical item rendered 'of years' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἑκατὸνone hundredM · ἑκατόνnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseἑκατὸν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'one hundred' in this chapter's testament and closure.
πεντήκονταfiftyM · πεντήκονταnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseπεντήκοντα: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'fifty' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ὀκτώeightM · ὀκτώnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseὀκτώ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'eight' in this chapter's testament and closure.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἔθαψενhe buriedVAI AAI3S · θάπτωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἔθαψεν: lexical item rendered 'he buried' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτὸν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'him' in this clause.
ἐνδόξωςhonorablyD · ἐνδόξωςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseἐνδόξως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'honorably' in this chapter's testament and closure.
12

καὶ ὅτε ἀπέθανεν Αννα ἔθαψεν αὐτὴν μετὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ ἀπῆλθεν δὲ Τωβιας μετὰ τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ εἰς Ἐκβάτανα πρὸς Ραγουηλ τὸν πενθερὸν αὐτοῦ

And when Anna died, he buried her with his father. Then Tobias departed with his wife and his sons to Ecbatana, to Raguel his father-in-law.

Anna buried and family relocatesκαὶ
With both parents buried, Tobias obeys the larger trajectory by leaving Nineveh for Ecbatana with his household.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ὅτεwhenD · ὅτεadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseὅτε: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'when' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἀπέθανενdiedVBI AAI3S · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀπέθανεν: lexical item rendered 'died' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΑνναAnnaN NSF · Ανναproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΑννα: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ἔθαψενhe buriedVAI AAI3S · θάπτωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἔθαψεν: lexical item rendered 'he buried' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτὴνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτὴν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'her' in this clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετὰ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'with' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
πατρὸςfatherN3 GSM · πατήρnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπατρὸς: lexical item rendered 'father' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
ἀπῆλθενdepartedVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀπῆλθεν: lexical item rendered 'departed' in this chapter's immediate context.
δὲbutX · δέproper name or particle within the testament sequenceδὲ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'but' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΤωβιαςTobiasN1T NSM · Τωβείαςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseΤωβιας: lexical item rendered 'Tobias' in this chapter's immediate context.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phraseμετὰ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'with' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῆς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
γυναικὸςwifeN3K GSF · γυνήnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseγυναικὸς: lexical item rendered 'wife' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῶν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseυἱῶν: lexical item rendered 'sons' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
εἰςtoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phraseεἰς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'to' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἘκβάταναEcbatanaN AS · Ἐκβάταναproper name or particle within the testament sequenceἘκβάτανα: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phraseπρὸς: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'to' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΡαγουηλRaguelN ASM · Ῥαγουήλproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΡαγουηλ: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὸν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
πενθερὸνfather-in-lawN2 ASM · πενθερόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπενθερὸν: lexical item rendered 'father-in-law' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
13

καὶ ἐγήρασεν ἐντίμως καὶ ἔθαψεν τοὺς πενθεροὺς αὐτοῦ ἐνδόξως καὶ ἐκληρονόμησεν τὴν οὐσίαν αὐτῶν καὶ Τωβιτ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ

And he grew old honorably and buried his parents-in-law gloriously, and he inherited their property and that of Tobit his father.

Honorable old age for Tobiasκαὶ
The son mirrors the family's values by honoring his in-laws and inheriting the household estates.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐγήρασενhe grew oldVAI AAI3S · γηράωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐγήρασεν: lexical item rendered 'he grew old' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐντίμωςhonorablyD · ἐντίμωςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseἐντίμως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'honorably' in this chapter's testament and closure.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἔθαψενhe buriedVAI AAI3S · θάπτωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἔθαψεν: lexical item rendered 'he buried' in this chapter's immediate context.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοὺς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
πενθεροὺςparents-in-lawN2 APM · πενθερόςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπενθεροὺς: lexical item rendered 'parents-in-law' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
ἐνδόξωςgloriouslyD · ἐνδόξωςadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseἐνδόξως: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'gloriously' in this chapter's testament and closure.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐκληρονόμησενhe inheritedVAI AAI3S · κληρονομέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐκληρονόμησεν: lexical item rendered 'he inherited' in this chapter's immediate context.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὴν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
οὐσίανpropertyN1A ASF · οὐσίαnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseοὐσίαν: lexical item rendered 'property' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῶνof themRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτῶν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of them' in this clause.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΤωβιτTobitN GSM · Τωβιτproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΤωβιτ: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
πατρὸςfatherN3 GSM · πατήρnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseπατρὸς: lexical item rendered 'father' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦof himRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτοῦ: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'of him' in this clause.
14

καὶ ἀπέθανεν ἐτῶν ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι ἑπτὰ ἐν Ἐκβατάνοις τῆς Μηδίας

And he died at the age of one hundred and twenty-seven in Ecbatana of Media.

Death in Mediaκαὶ
The narrative closes Tobias's life with a brief age notice, rooting the family's final settlement in Media.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἀπέθανενhe diedVBI AAI3S · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀπέθανεν: lexical item rendered 'he died' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐτῶνof yearsN3E GPN · ἔτοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἐτῶν: lexical item rendered 'of years' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἑκατὸνone hundredM · ἑκατόνnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseἑκατὸν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'one hundred' in this chapter's testament and closure.
εἴκοσιtwentyM · εἴκοσιnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseεἴκοσι: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'twenty' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἑπτὰsevenM · ἑπτάnumeral modifying the associated noun phraseἑπτὰ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'seven' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phraseἐν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'in' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἘκβατάνοιςEcbatanaN DS · Ἐκβάταναproper name or particle within the testament sequenceἘκβατάνοις: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτῆς: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ΜηδίαςMediaN GSF · Μηδείαproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΜηδίας: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
15

καὶ ἤκουσεν πρὶν ἢ ἀποθανεῖν αὐτὸν τὴν ἀπώλειαν Νινευη ἣν ᾐχμαλώτισεν Ναβουχοδονοσορ καὶ Ασυηρος ἐχάρη πρὸ τοῦ ἀποθανεῖν ἐπὶ Νινευη

And before he died he heard of the destruction of Nineveh, which Nebuchadnezzar and Ahasuerus had carried away captive, and before his death he rejoiced over Nineveh.

Nineveh falls as foretoldκαὶ
The book ends by vindicating Tobit's prophecy: before his death Tobias hears of Nineveh's destruction and rejoices over the judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἤκουσενhe heardVAI AAI3S · ἀκούωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἤκουσεν: lexical item rendered 'he heard' in this chapter's immediate context.
πρὶνbeforeD · πρίνadverb or negative particle qualifying the clauseπρὶν: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'before' in this chapter's testament and closure.
thanC · ἤconjunction linking the clause or sequenceἢ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'than' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ἀποθανεῖνto dieVB AAN · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀποθανεῖν: lexical item rendered 'to die' in this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or interrogative form functioning within the clause or phraseαὐτὸν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'him' in this clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτὴν: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀπώλειανdestructionN1A ASF · ἀπώλειαnominal element functioning within the clause or phraseἀπώλειαν: lexical item rendered 'destruction' in this chapter's immediate context.
Νινευηof NinevehN GSF · Νινευηproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΝινευη: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ἣνwhichRR ASF · ὅςrelative form linking the clause to its antecedentἣν: pronominal, relative, or interrogative form rendered 'which' in this clause.
ᾐχμαλώτισενhad carried away captiveVAI AAI3S · αἰχμαλωτίζωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseᾐχμαλώτισεν: lexical item rendered 'had carried away captive' in this chapter's immediate context.
ΝαβουχοδονοσορNebuchadnezzarN NSM · Ναβουχοδονοσόρproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΝαβουχοδονοσορ: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking the clause or sequenceκαὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'and' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΑσυηροςAhasuerusN NSM · Ἀσύεροςproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΑσυηρος: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.
ἐχάρηhe rejoicedVDI API3S · χαίρωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἐχάρη: lexical item rendered 'he rejoiced' in this chapter's immediate context.
πρὸbeforeP · πρόpreposition governing the following phraseπρὸ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'before' in this chapter's testament and closure.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the noun phraseτοῦ: article marking definiteness and the shape of the noun phrase in this context.
ἀποθανεῖνto dieVB AAN · θνήσκω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clauseἀποθανεῖν: lexical item rendered 'to die' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶoverP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phraseἐπὶ: connective, adverbial, numeric, or prepositional form rendered 'over' in this chapter's testament and closure.
ΝινευηNinevehN DSF · Νινευηproper name or particle within the testament sequenceΝινευη: transliterated proper name preserved in Tobit's testament and epilogue.