1
καὶ ἦλθεν πᾶς Ισραηλ πρὸς Δαυιδ ἐν Χεβρων λέγοντες ἰδοὺ ὀστᾶ σου καὶ σάρκες σου ἡμεῖς
Then all Israel came to David at Hebron, saying, 'Behold, we are your bone and your flesh.'
The David narrative opens with all-Israel speech rather than with conflict. Kinship language establishes David's rule as a matter of corporate belonging, not mere conquest.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἦλθενcameVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseἔρχομαι: 'come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πᾶςeveryoneA3 NSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN NSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN ASM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΧεβρωνHebronN DSF · Χεβρωνproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceHebron: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
λέγοντεςsayingV1 · παπνπμ λέγωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνπμ λέγω: 'saying'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: 'behold'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὀστᾶbonesN2N NPN · ὀστέονcommon noun within the clauseὀστέον: 'bones'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewσύ: 'you'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
σάρκεςfleshN3K NPF · σάρξcommon noun within the clauseσάρξ: 'flesh'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewσύ: 'you'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἡμεῖςweRP NP · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewἐγώ: 'I'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
2
καὶ ἐχθὲς καὶ τρίτην ὄντος Σαουλ βασιλέως σὺ ἦσθα ὁ ἐξάγων καὶ εἰσάγων τὸν Ισραηλ καὶ εἶπεν κύριος ὁ θεός σού σοι σὺ ποιμανεῖς τὸν λαόν μου τὸν Ισραηλ καὶ σὺ ἔσῃ εἰς ἡγούμενον ἐπὶ Ισραηλ
Even yesterday and the third day, when Saul was king, you were the one leading out and bringing in Israel; and the Lord your God said to you, 'You shall shepherd my people Israel, and you shall be ruler over Israel.'
Past military leadership and divine promise are combined in one appeal. David is legitimated both by experience and by the LORD's own shepherd-ruler word.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐχθὲςyesterdayD · ἐχθέςadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceἐχθές: 'yesterday'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τρίτηνthe third (day)A1 ASF · τρίτοςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρίτος: 'the third (day)'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὄντοςbeing / while wasV9 · παπγσμ εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπγσμ εἰμί: 'being / while was'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΣαουλSaulN GSM · Σαούλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSaul: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewσύ: 'you'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἦσθαyou wereV9 IAI2S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐξάγωνleading outV1 · παπνσμ ἄγω + ἐκparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνσμ ἄγω + ἐκ: 'leading out'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰσάγωνbringing inV1 · παπνσμ ἄγω + εἰςparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνσμ ἄγω + εἰς: 'bringing in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςhead noun within the clauseθεός: 'God'; the principal divine title, used in direct speech and theological interpretation.
σούyourRP GS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewσύ: 'you'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewσύ: 'you'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewσύ: 'you'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ποιμανεῖςyou shall shepherdVF2 FAI2S · ποιμαίνωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιμαίνω: 'shepherd'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λαόνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςhead noun within the clauseλαός: 'people'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewἐγώ: 'I'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewσύ: 'you'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔσῃyou shall beVF FMI2S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἡγούμενονcommander / leaderV2 · πμπασμ ἡγέομαιparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπμπασμ ἡγέομαι: 'commander / leader'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
3
καὶ ἦλθον πάντες πρεσβύτεροι Ισραηλ πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα εἰς Χεβρων καὶ διέθετο αὐτοῖς ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυιδ διαθήκην ἐν Χεβρων ἐναντίον κυρίου καὶ ἔχρισαν τὸν Δαυιδ εἰς βασιλέα ἐπὶ Ισραηλ κατὰ τὸν λόγον κυρίου διὰ χειρὸς Σαμουηλ
So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and King David made a covenant with them at Hebron before the Lord; and they anointed David king over Israel according to the word of the Lord by the hand of Samuel.
The covenant at Hebron turns recognition into formal enthronement. Chronicles emphasizes public, national, and prophetic legitimacy all at once.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἦλθονthey cameVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseἔρχομαι: 'come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πρεσβύτεροιeldersN2 NPM · πρεσβύτεροςcommon noun within the clauseπρεσβύτερος: 'elders'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΧεβρωνHebronN ASF · Χεβρωνproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceHebron: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
διέθετοhe madeVEI AMI3S · τίθημι + διαfinite verb advancing the clauseτίθημι + δια: 'he made'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
διαθήκηνcovenantN1 ASF · διαθήκηcommon noun within the clauseδιαθήκη: 'covenant'; a formal binding arrangement, here the compact made at Hebron before the LORD.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΧεβρωνHebronN DSF · Χεβρωνproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceHebron: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: 'before / in the sight of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔχρισανanointedVAI AAI3P · χρίωfinite verb advancing the clauseχρίω: 'anoint'; the verb of royal consecration, marking David's installation as king.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΔαυιδDavidN ASM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
κατὰby / according toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατά: 'according to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λόγονthing / wordN2 ASM · λόγοςcommon noun within the clauseλόγος: 'word'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
διὰthrough / by means ofP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: 'through / by means of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρcommon noun within the clauseχείρ: 'hand'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΣαμουηλSamuelN GSM · Σαμουηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSamuel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
4
καὶ ἐπορεύθη ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ ἄνδρες Ισραηλ εἰς Ιερουσαλημ αὕτη Ιεβους καὶ ἐκεῖ οἱ Ιεβουσαῖοι οἱ κατοικοῦντες τὴν γῆν
The king and the men of Israel went to Jerusalem, that is, Jebus, where the Jebusites were, the inhabitants of the land.
The accession scene moves immediately to Jerusalem. Kingship is not complete until it secures a concrete center in the land.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπορεύθηhe wentVCI API3S · πορεύομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseπορεύομαι: 'he went'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἄνδρεςmenN3 NPM · ἀνήρcommon noun within the clauseἀνήρ: 'man'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJerusalem: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ΙεβουςJebusN NSF · Ιεβουςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJebus: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceἐκεῖ: 'there'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙεβουσαῖοιJebusitesN2 NPM · Ιεβουσαῖοςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJebusites: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κατοικοῦντεςinhabitants / dwellersV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + καταparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνπμ οἰκέω + κατα: 'inhabitants / dwellers'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clauseγῆ: 'land'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
5
εἶπαν δὲ οἱ κατοικοῦντες Ιεβους τῷ Δαυιδ οὐκ εἰσελεύσῃ ὧδε καὶ προκατελάβετο τὴν περιοχὴν Σιων αὕτη ἡ πόλις Δαυιδ
But the inhabitants of Jebus said to David, 'You shall not come in here.' Yet he captured the stronghold of Zion; that is the city of David.
The Jebusite taunt highlights the improbability of the conquest, and the capture of Zion answers it in a single sharp turn. The city of David begins as a seized stronghold.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
εἶπανthey saidVAI AAI3P · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clauseδέ: 'but'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κατοικοῦντεςinhabitants / dwellersV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + καταparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνπμ οἰκέω + κατα: 'inhabitants / dwellers'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙεβουςJebusN DSF · Ιεβουςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJebus: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΔαυιδDavidN DSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰσελεύσῃyou shall enterVF FMI2S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clauseἔρχομαι + εἰς: 'you shall enter'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὧδεthis way / hereD · ὧδεadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceὧδε: 'this way / here'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
προκατελάβετοcaptured / seizedVBI AMI3S · λαμβάνω + προ + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseλαμβάνω + προ + κατα: 'captured / seized'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
περιοχὴνstrongholdN1 ASF · περιοχήcommon noun within the clauseπεριοχή: 'stronghold'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΣιωνZionN GSF · Σιωνproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceZion: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἡthe (one)RA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςhead noun within the clauseπόλις: 'city'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
6
καὶ εἶπεν Δαυιδ πᾶς τύπτων Ιεβουσαῖον ἐν πρώτοις καὶ ἔσται εἰς ἄρχοντα καὶ εἰς στρατηγόν καὶ ἀνέβη ἐπ' αὐτὴν ἐν πρώτοις Ιωαβ υἱὸς Σαρουια καὶ ἐγένετο εἰς ἄρχοντα
David said, 'Whoever strikes the Jebusite first shall be chief and commander.' And Joab son of Zeruiah went up first, and he became chief.
David's challenge and Joab's ascent tie royal power to military initiative. Joab's prominence is acknowledged without allowing him to eclipse David's purpose.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
πᾶςeveryoneA3 NSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τύπτωνstriking / who strikesV1 · παπνσμ τύπτωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνσμ τύπτω: 'striking / who strikes'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙεβουσαῖονJebusiteN ASM · Ιεβουσαῖοςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJebusite: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πρώτοιςfirstA1 DPMS · πρῶτοςadjectival or ordinal modifierπρῶτος: 'first'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἄρχονταcommanderN3 ASM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clauseἄρχων: 'chief'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
στρατηγόνcommanderN2 ASM · στρατηγόςcommon noun within the clauseστρατηγός: 'commander'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀνέβηwent upVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀναfinite verb advancing the clauseβαίνω + ἀνα: 'went up'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὴνit / herRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πρώτοιςfirstA1 DPMS · πρῶτοςadjectival or ordinal modifierπρῶτος: 'first'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙωαβJoabN NSM · Ιωαβproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJoab: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΣαρουιαSarouiaN GSF · Σαρουιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSarouia: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐγένετοit happenedVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseγίγνομαι: 'it happened'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἄρχονταcommanderN3 ASM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clauseἄρχων: 'chief'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
7
καὶ ἐκάθισεν Δαυιδ ἐν τῇ περιοχῇ διὰ τοῦτο ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὴν πόλιν Δαυιδ
David dwelt in the stronghold; therefore they called it the city of David.
Occupation follows conquest. The naming of the site after David fixes the city as both political capital and memorialized possession.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐκάθισενsatVAI AAI3S · ἵζω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseἵζω + κατα: 'sat'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
περιοχῇstrongholdN1 DSF · περιοχήcommon noun within the clauseπεριοχή: 'stronghold'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
διὰthrough / by means ofP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: 'through / by means of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἐκάλεσενcalled / summonedVAI AAI3S · καλέωfinite verb advancing the clauseκαλέω: 'called / summoned'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὴνit / herRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςhead noun within the clauseπόλις: 'city'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
8
καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τὴν πόλιν κύκλῳ καὶ ἐπολέμησεν καὶ ἔλαβεν τὴν πόλιν
He built the city all around, and he fought and took the city.
Building and fighting are held together. David's kingship is established by construction as well as by force.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ᾠκοδόμησενbuiltVAI AAI3S · οἰκοδομέωfinite verb advancing the clauseοἰκοδομέω: 'built'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςhead noun within the clauseπόλις: 'city'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κύκλῳround aboutN2 DSM · κύκλοςcommon noun within the clauseκύκλος: 'round about'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπολέμησενfought / made warVAI AAI3S · πολεμέωfinite verb advancing the clauseπολεμέω: 'fought / made war'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔλαβενseizedVBI AAI3S · λαμβάνωfinite verb advancing the clauseλαμβάνω: 'take'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςhead noun within the clauseπόλις: 'city'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
9
καὶ ἐπορεύετο Δαυιδ πορευόμενος καὶ μεγαλυνόμενος καὶ κύριος παντοκράτωρ μετ' αὐτοῦ
David went on, growing greater and greater, and the Lord Almighty was with him.
The chapter pauses for its theological thesis: David's expansion is real, but it is the LORD Almighty's presence that explains his greatness.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπορεύετοhe went / kept goingV1I IMI3S · πορεύομαιparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπορεύομαι: 'he went / kept going'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
πορευόμενοςwalking / as he wentV1 · πμπνσμ πορεύομαιparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπμπνσμ πορεύομαι: 'walking / as he went'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
μεγαλυνόμενοςgrowing greatV1 · πμπνσμ μεγαλύνωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπμπνσμ μεγαλύνω: 'growing great'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρcommon noun within the clauseπαντοκράτωρ: 'Almighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετά: 'with / after'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
10
καὶ οὗτοι οἱ ἄρχοντες τῶν δυνατῶν οἳ ἦσαν τῷ Δαυιδ οἱ κατισχύοντες μετ' αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ μετὰ παντὸς Ισραηλ τοῦ βασιλεῦσαι αὐτὸν κατὰ τὸν λόγον κυρίου ἐπὶ Ισραηλ
These are the chiefs of the mighty men who belonged to David, who showed themselves strong with him in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king, according to the word of the Lord concerning Israel.
This heading interprets the heroic catalogue before it begins. David's mighty men matter because they strengthen the kingship that the LORD has willed for Israel.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὗτοιtheseRD NPM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἄρχοντεςrulersN3 NPM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clauseἄρχων: 'chief'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δυνατῶνof the mightyA1 GPM · δυνατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierδυνατός: 'mighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἳwhoRR NPM · ὅςcommon noun within the clauseὅς: 'who'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἦσανwereV9 IAI3P · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΔαυιδDavidN DSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κατισχύοντεςpapnpm ischyo + kataV1 · παπνπμ ἰσχύω + καταparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνπμ ἰσχύω + κατα: 'papnpm ischyo + kata'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετά: 'with / after'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλείᾳreign / kingdomN1A DSF · βασιλείαcommon noun within the clauseβασιλεία: 'reign / kingdom'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετά: 'with / after'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεῦσαιto make kingVA AAN · βασιλεύωfinite verb advancing the clauseβασιλεύω: 'to make king'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
κατὰby / according toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατά: 'according to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λόγονthing / wordN2 ASM · λόγοςcommon noun within the clauseλόγος: 'word'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
11
καὶ οὗτος ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν δυνατῶν τοῦ Δαυιδ Ιεσεβααλ υἱὸς Αχαμανι πρῶτος τῶν τριάκοντα οὗτος ἐσπάσατο τὴν ῥομφαίαν αὐτοῦ ἅπαξ ἐπὶ τριακοσίους τραυματίας ἐν καιρῷ ἑνί
This is the number of David's mighty men: Jashobeam son of Hachmoni, chief of the thirty; he drew his sword once against three hundred wounded men at one time.
Jashobeam's exploit opens the roster with shocking numerical force. The point is less tactical detail than remembered prowess on behalf of David's reign.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀριθμὸςnumberN2 NSM · ἀριθμόςcommon noun within the clauseἀριθμός: 'number'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δυνατῶνof the mightyA1 GPM · δυνατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierδυνατός: 'mighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΙεσεβααλIesebaalN NSM · Ιεσεβααλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIesebaal: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΑχαμανιAchamaniN GSM · Αχαμανιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAchamani: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
πρῶτοςfirstA1 NSMS · πρῶτοςadjectival or ordinal modifierπρῶτος: 'first'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τριάκονταthirtyM · τριάκονταcommon noun within the clauseτριάκοντα: 'thirty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἐσπάσατοdrewVAI AMI3S · σπάωfinite verb advancing the clauseσπάω: 'drew'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ῥομφαίανswordN1A ASF · ῥομφαίαcommon noun within the clauseῥομφαία: 'sword'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἅπαξonce moreD · ἅπαξadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceἅπαξ: 'once more'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τριακοσίουςthree hundredA1A APM · τριακόσιοιadjectival or ordinal modifierτριακόσιοι: 'three hundred'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τραυματίαςslainN1T NSM · τραυματίαςcommon noun within the clauseτραυματίας: 'wounded man / slain man'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καιρῷtimeN2 DSM · καιρόςcommon noun within the clauseκαιρός: 'time'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἑνίone / eachA3 DSM · εἷςadjectival or ordinal modifierεἷς: 'one / each'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
12
καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν Ελεαζαρ υἱὸς Δωδαι ὁ Αχωχι οὗτος ἦν ἐν τοῖς τρισὶν δυνατοῖς
After him was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite; he was among the three mighty men.
Eleazar is introduced as one of the inner circle. The catalogue slows briefly to single him out before recounting his deed.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
μετ'withP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετά: 'with / after'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ΕλεαζαρEleazarN NSM · Ελεαζαρproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEleazar: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΔωδαιDodaiN GSM · Δωδαιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDodai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑχωχιAchochiN NSM · Αχωχιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAchochi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τρισὶνthreeA3 DPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
δυνατοῖςmighty menA1 DPM · δυνατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierδυνατός: 'mighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
13
οὗτος ἦν μετὰ Δαυιδ ἐν Φασοδομιν καὶ οἱ ἀλλόφυλοι συνήχθησαν ἐκεῖ εἰς πόλεμον καὶ ἦν μερὶς τοῦ ἀγροῦ πλήρης κριθῶν καὶ ὁ λαὸς ἔφυγεν ἀπὸ προσώπου ἀλλοφύλων
He was with David at Pas-dammim, and the Philistines gathered there for battle; and there was a portion of the field full of barley, and the people fled from before the Philistines.
The battlefield setting is drawn in quick strokes: place, enemy, crop, and fleeing people. The stage is set for one man's steadiness against communal retreat.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετά: 'with / after'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΦασοδομινPhasodominN DSF · Φασοδομινproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequencePhasodomin: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀλλόφυλοιPhilistinesN2 NPM · ἀλλόφυλοςcommon noun within the clauseἀλλόφυλος: 'Philistine' or more literally 'one of another tribe'; the regular LXX designation for Israel's Philistine enemies.
συνήχθησανwere gatheredVQI API3P · ἄγω + συνfinite verb advancing the clauseἄγω + συν: 'were gathered'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceἐκεῖ: 'there'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πόλεμονwarN2 ASM · πόλεμοςcommon noun within the clauseπόλεμος: 'war'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μερὶςportionN3D NSF · μερίςcommon noun within the clauseμερίς: 'portion'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀγροῦfieldN2 GSM · ἀγρόςcommon noun within the clauseἀγρός: 'field'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πλήρηςfullA3H NSM · πλήρηςadjectival or ordinal modifierπλήρης: 'full'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κριθῶνof barleyN1 GPF · κριθήcommon noun within the clauseκριθή: 'of barley'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςhead noun within the clauseλαός: 'people'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔφυγενfledVBI AAI3S · φεύγωfinite verb advancing the clauseφεύγω: 'flee'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀπὸfrom / ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπό: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
προσώπουfaceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονcommon noun within the clauseπρόσωπον: 'face'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀλλοφύλωνPhilistines / foreignersN2 GPM · ἀλλόφυλοςcommon noun within the clauseἀλλόφυλος: 'Philistine' or more literally 'one of another tribe'; the regular LXX designation for Israel's Philistine enemies.
14
καὶ ἔστη ἐν μέσῳ τῆς μερίδος καὶ ἔσωσεν αὐτὴν καὶ ἐπάταξεν τοὺς ἀλλοφύλους καὶ ἐποίησεν κύριος σωτηρίαν μεγάλην
But he stood in the midst of the portion and saved it and struck the Philistines, and the Lord wrought a great deliverance.
The rescue of the field is explicitly the LORD's salvation. Heroic action and divine deliverance are coordinated, not opposed.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔστηstoppedVHI AAI3S · ἵστημιfinite verb advancing the clauseἵστημι: 'stopped'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μέσῳmidstA1 DSM · μέσοςadjectival or ordinal modifierμέσος: 'midst'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
μερίδοςshare / portionN3D GSF · μερίςcommon noun within the clauseμερίς: 'share / portion'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔσωσενsaved / deliveredVAI AAI3S · σώζωfinite verb advancing the clauseσώζω: 'saved / delivered'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὴνit / herRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπάταξενstruck / killedVAI AAI3S · πατάσσωfinite verb advancing the clauseπατάσσω: 'strike'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀλλοφύλουςPhilistinesA1B APM · ἀλλόφυλοςadjectival or ordinal modifierἀλλόφυλος: 'Philistine' or more literally 'one of another tribe'; the regular LXX designation for Israel's Philistine enemies.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐποίησενhe had doneVAI AAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιέω: 'do'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
σωτηρίανsalvationN1A ASF · σωτηρίαcommon noun within the clauseσωτηρία: 'deliverance, salvation'; rescue ultimately attributed to the LORD even when mediated through human valor.
μεγάληνgreatA1 ASF · μέγαςadjectival or ordinal modifierμέγας: 'great'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
15
καὶ κατέβησαν τρεῖς ἐκ τῶν τριάκοντα ἀρχόντων εἰς τὴν πέτραν πρὸς Δαυιδ εἰς τὸ σπήλαιον Οδολλαμ καὶ παρεμβολὴ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων παρεμβεβλήκει ἐν τῇ κοιλάδι τῶν γιγάντων
Three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock, to David, into the cave of Adullam, while the camp of the Philistines was encamped in the Valley of the Rephaim.
The famous water episode begins with movement downward to David in the cave. The heroic list can still open into narrative when loyalty needs illustration.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
κατέβησανthey went downVZI AAI3P · βαίνω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseβαίνω + κατα: 'go down'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τρεῖςthreeA3 NPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τριάκονταthirtyM · τριάκονταcommon noun within the clauseτριάκοντα: 'thirty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀρχόντωνof rulersN3 GPM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clauseἄρχων: 'chief'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πέτρανrock / cragN1A ASF · πέτραcommon noun within the clauseπέτρα: 'rock / crag'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN ASM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σπήλαιονcaveN2N ASN · σπήλαιονcommon noun within the clauseσπήλαιον: 'cave'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΟδολλαμAdullamN GSM · Οδολλαμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAdullam: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
παρεμβολὴcampN1 NSF · παρεμβολήcommon noun within the clauseπαρεμβολή: 'camp'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀλλοφύλωνPhilistines / foreignersN2 GPM · ἀλλόφυλοςcommon noun within the clauseἀλλόφυλος: 'Philistine' or more literally 'one of another tribe'; the regular LXX designation for Israel's Philistine enemies.
παρεμβεβλήκειballo + para + enVX XAI3S · βάλλω + παρα + ἐνfinite verb advancing the clauseβάλλω + παρα + ἐν: 'ballo + para + en'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κοιλάδιvalleyN3D DSF · κοιλάςcommon noun within the clauseκοιλάς: 'valley'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
γιγάντωνgiantsN3 GPM · γίγαςcommon noun within the clauseγίγας: 'giants'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
16
καὶ Δαυιδ τότε ἐν τῇ περιοχῇ καὶ τὸ σύστεμα τῶν ἀλλοφύλων τότε ἐν Βαιθλεεμ
David was then in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem.
The tension is spatially arranged: David is in the stronghold while Bethlehem lies under Philistine control. Desire for home water therefore becomes a dangerous desire.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τότεthenD · τότεadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceτότε: 'then'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
περιοχῇstrongholdV2 PAS3S · ὀχέω + περιfinite verb advancing the clauseὀχέω + περι: 'stronghold'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σύστεμαsystemaN3M NSN · σύστεμαcommon noun within the clauseσύστεμα: 'systema'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀλλοφύλωνPhilistines / foreignersN2 GPM · ἀλλόφυλοςcommon noun within the clauseἀλλόφυλος: 'Philistine' or more literally 'one of another tribe'; the regular LXX designation for Israel's Philistine enemies.
τότεthenD · τότεadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceτότε: 'then'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΒαιθλεεμBethlehemN DS · Βαιθλεεμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBethlehem: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
17
καὶ ἐπεθύμησεν Δαυιδ καὶ εἶπεν τίς ποτιεῖ με ὕδωρ ἐκ τοῦ λάκκου Βαιθλεεμ τοῦ ἐν τῇ πύλῃ
David longed and said, 'Who will give me water to drink from the cistern of Bethlehem that is by the gate?'
David's longing is voiced almost casually, but the request carries emotional and geographic weight. Bethlehem is remembered not just as a town but as the king's own place.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπεθύμησενlonged / desiredVAI AAI3S · θυμέω + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clauseθυμέω + ἐπι: 'longed / desired'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τίςwhoRD NSM · τίςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewτίς: 'who'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ποτιεῖwill give to drinkVF FAI3S · ποτίζωfinite verb advancing the clauseποτίζω: 'will give to drink'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewἐγώ: 'I'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρcommon noun within the clauseὕδωρ: 'water'; ordinary drink made extraordinary by the risk the three mighty men incur to obtain it for David.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λάκκουcisternN2 GSM · λάκκοςcommon noun within the clauseλάκκος: 'cistern'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΒαιθλεεμBethlehemN GS · Βαιθλεεμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBethlehem: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πύλῃgateN1 DSF · πύληhead noun within the clauseπύλη: 'gate'; a literal entrance, but also a controlled threshold in civic and temple life.
18
καὶ διέρρηξαν οἱ τρεῖς τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν ἀλλοφύλων καὶ ὑδρεύσαντο ὕδωρ ἐκ τοῦ λάκκου τοῦ ἐν Βαιθλεεμ ὃς ἦν ἐν τῇ πύλῃ καὶ ἔλαβον καὶ ἦλθον πρὸς Δαυιδ καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησεν Δαυιδ τοῦ πιεῖν αὐτὸ καὶ ἔσπεισεν αὐτὸ τῷ κυρίῳ
So the three broke through the camp of the Philistines and drew water from the cistern in Bethlehem that was by the gate and took it and came to David. But David would not drink it; he poured it out to the Lord
The three fulfill David's desire at real cost, and David immediately reclassifies the water as sacred rather than private. His refusal to consume their risk is an act of reverence.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
διέρρηξανtoreVAI AAI3P · ῥήγνυμι + διαfinite verb advancing the clauseῥήγνυμι + δια: 'tore'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τρεῖςthreeA3 NPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
παρεμβολὴνcampN1 ASF · παρεμβολήcommon noun within the clauseπαρεμβολή: 'camp'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀλλοφύλωνPhilistines / foreignersN2 GPM · ἀλλόφυλοςcommon noun within the clauseἀλλόφυλος: 'Philistine' or more literally 'one of another tribe'; the regular LXX designation for Israel's Philistine enemies.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὑδρεύσαντοdrew waterVAI AMI3P · ὑδρεύωfinite verb advancing the clauseὑδρεύω: 'drew water'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρcommon noun within the clauseὕδωρ: 'water'; ordinary drink made extraordinary by the risk the three mighty men incur to obtain it for David.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λάκκουcisternN2 GSM · λάκκοςcommon noun within the clauseλάκκος: 'cistern'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΒαιθλεεμBethlehemN DS · Βαιθλεεμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBethlehem: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςcommon noun within the clauseὅς: 'who'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πύλῃgateN1 DSF · πύληhead noun within the clauseπύλη: 'gate'; a literal entrance, but also a controlled threshold in civic and temple life.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔλαβονseized / took hold ofVBI AAI3P · λαμβάνωfinite verb advancing the clauseλαμβάνω: 'take'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἦλθονthey cameVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseἔρχομαι: 'come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN ASM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἠθέλησενwilledVAI AAI3S · θέλωfinite verb advancing the clauseθέλω: 'willed'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πιεῖνto drinkVB AAN · πίνωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπίνω: 'drink'; in 1 Chronicles 11 the verb becomes morally charged when David refuses to consume what he regards as life-bought water.
αὐτὸitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔσπεισενpoured a libationVAI AAI3S · σπένδωfinite verb advancing the clauseσπένδω: 'poured a libation'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὸitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
19
καὶ εἶπεν ἵλεώς μοι ὁ θεὸς τοῦ ποιῆσαι τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο εἰ αἷμα ἀνδρῶν τούτων πίομαι ἐν ψυχαῖς αὐτῶν ὅτι ἐν ψυχαῖς αὐτῶν ἤνεγκαν αὐτό καὶ οὐκ ἐβούλετο πιεῖν αὐτό ταῦτα ἐποίησαν οἱ τρεῖς δυνατοί
and said, 'May God be gracious to me, that I should do this thing! Shall I drink the blood of these men at the cost of their lives? For at the cost of their lives they brought it.' Therefore he would not drink it. These things the three mighty men did.
David interprets the water as the men's blood because their lives were on the line. The libation turns heroism into worship and keeps the king from cheapening loyalty.
Word-by-word analysis· 35 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἵλεώςmerciful / far be itD · ἵλεωςadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceἵλεως: 'merciful / far be it'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewἐγώ: 'I'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςhead noun within the clauseθεός: 'God'; the principal divine title, used in direct speech and theological interpretation.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ποιῆσαιto make / offerVA AAN · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιέω: 'do'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ῥῆμαword / matterN3M ASN · ῥῆμαcommon noun within the clauseῥῆμα: 'word / matter'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
εἰifC · εἰcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationεἰ: 'if'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αἷμαblood (-guilt)N3M ASN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clauseαἷμα: 'blood'; shorthand for life violently risked or given, which is why David treats the Bethlehem water as too costly to drink.
ἀνδρῶνof menN3 GPM · ἀνήρcommon noun within the clauseἀνήρ: 'man'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τούτωνtheseRD GPM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
πίομαιwill I drinkVF FMI1S · πίνωfinite verb advancing the clauseπίνω: 'drink'; in 1 Chronicles 11 the verb becomes morally charged when David refuses to consume what he regards as life-bought water.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ψυχαῖςsouls / dead personsN1 DPF · ψυχήcommon noun within the clauseψυχή: 'life'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὅτι: 'that / because'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ψυχαῖςsouls / dead personsN1 DPF · ψυχήcommon noun within the clauseψυχή: 'life'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἤνεγκανthey broughtVAI AAI3P · φέρωfinite verb advancing the clauseφέρω: 'they brought'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτόitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐβούλετοwas minded / willedV1I IMI3S · βούλομαιparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseβούλομαι: 'was minded / willed'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πιεῖνto drinkVB AAN · πίνωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπίνω: 'drink'; in 1 Chronicles 11 the verb becomes morally charged when David refuses to consume what he regards as life-bought water.
αὐτόitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἐποίησανdidVAI AAI3P · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιέω: 'do'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τρεῖςthreeA3 NPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
δυνατοίmighty menA1 NPM · δυνατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierδυνατός: 'mighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
20
καὶ Αβεσσα ἀδελφὸς Ιωαβ οὗτος ἦν ἄρχων τῶν τριῶν οὗτος ἐσπάσατο τὴν ῥομφαίαν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τριακοσίους τραυματίας ἐν καιρῷ ἑνί καὶ οὗτος ἦν ὀνομαστὸς ἐν τοῖς τρισίν
Abishai the brother of Joab was chief of the three. He drew his sword against three hundred wounded men at one time, and he was renowned among the three.
Abishai receives a parallel commendation to Jashobeam's, though already with a hint of ranked distinction. Honor in this chapter is carefully graded.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΑβεσσαAbessaN NSM · Αβεσσαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAbessa: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἀδελφὸςbrotherN2 NSM · ἀδελφόςhead noun within the clauseἀδελφός: 'brother'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙωαβJoabN GSM · Ιωαβproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJoab: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἄρχωνruler / leaderV1 · παπνσμ ἄρχωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνσμ ἄρχω: 'ruler / leader'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τριῶνthreeA3 GPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἐσπάσατοdrewVAI AMI3S · σπάωfinite verb advancing the clauseσπάω: 'drew'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ῥομφαίανswordN1A ASF · ῥομφαίαcommon noun within the clauseῥομφαία: 'sword'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τριακοσίουςthree hundredA1A APM · τριακόσιοιadjectival or ordinal modifierτριακόσιοι: 'three hundred'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τραυματίαςslainN1T APM · τραυματίαςcommon noun within the clauseτραυματίας: 'wounded man / slain man'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καιρῷtimeN2 DSM · καιρόςcommon noun within the clauseκαιρός: 'time'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἑνίone / eachA3 DSM · εἷςadjectival or ordinal modifierεἷς: 'one / each'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὀνομαστὸςrenownedA1 NSM · ὀνομαστόςadjectival or ordinal modifierὀνομαστός: 'renowned'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τρισίνthreeA3 DPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
21
ἀπὸ τῶν τριῶν ὑπὲρ τοὺς δύο ἔνδοξος καὶ ἦν αὐτοῖς εἰς ἄρχοντα καὶ ἕως τῶν τριῶν οὐκ ἤρχετο
Of the three he was more glorious than the two, and became their commander; but he did not attain to the first three.
The narrator clarifies Abishai's status: glorious and commanding, yet not equal to the innermost triad. The catalogue is ordered, not flat.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἀπὸfrom / ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπό: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τριῶνthreeA3 GPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπέρ: 'over / beyond'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δύοtwoM · δύοcommon noun within the clauseδύο: 'two'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔνδοξοςhonored / held in honorA1B NSM · ἔνδοξοςadjectival or ordinal modifierἔνδοξος: 'glorious'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἦνit wasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἄρχονταcommanderN3 ASM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clauseἄρχων: 'chief'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: 'until'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τριῶνthreeA3 GPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἤρχετοwould comeV1I IMI3S · ἄρχωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseἄρχω: 'would come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
22
καὶ Βαναιας υἱὸς Ιωδαε υἱὸς ἀνδρὸς δυνατοῦ πολλὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ ὑπὲρ Καβασαηλ οὗτος ἐπάταξεν τοὺς δύο αριηλ Μωαβ καὶ οὗτος κατέβη καὶ ἐπάταξεν τὸν λέοντα ἐν τῷ λάκκῳ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ χιόνος
Benaiah son of Jehoiada, son of a valiant man of great deeds from Kabzeel, struck down the two sons of Ariel of Moab; he also went down and struck the lion in the pit on a snowy day.
Benaiah's résumé combines foreign enemies, savage danger, and downward motion into mortal risk. He belongs among David's great men because his deeds are both numerous and memorable.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΒαναιαςBenaiahN1T NSM · Βαναιαςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBenaiah: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN GSM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJehoiada: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ἀνδρὸςhusbandN3 GSM · ἀνήρcommon noun within the clauseἀνήρ: 'man'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
δυνατοῦmightyA1 GSM · δυνατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierδυνατός: 'mighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πολλὰmuchA1 APN · πολύςadjectival or ordinal modifierπολύς: 'much'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονcommon noun within the clauseἔργον: 'works'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπέρ: 'over / beyond'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΚαβασαηλKabasaelN ASM · Καβασαηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceKabasael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἐπάταξενstruck / killedVAI AAI3S · πατάσσωfinite verb advancing the clauseπατάσσω: 'strike'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δύοtwoM · δύοcommon noun within the clauseδύο: 'two'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αριηλarielN ASM · αριηλcommon noun within the clauseαριηλ: 'ariel'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΜωαβMoabN GSM · Μωαβproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMoab: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
κατέβηwent downVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseβαίνω + κατα: 'go down'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπάταξενstruck / killedVAI AAI3S · πατάσσωfinite verb advancing the clauseπατάσσω: 'strike'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λέονταlionN3 ASM · λέωνcommon noun within the clauseλέων: 'lion'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λάκκῳthe pit / the dungeonN2 DSM · λάκκοςcommon noun within the clauseλάκκος: 'cistern'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
χιόνοςof snowN3N GSF · χιώνcommon noun within the clauseχιών: 'of snow'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
23
καὶ οὗτος ἐπάταξεν τὸν ἄνδρα τὸν Αἰγύπτιον ἄνδρα ὁρατὸν πεντάπηχυν καὶ ἐν χειρὶ τοῦ Αἰγυπτίου δόρυ ὡς ἀντίον ὑφαινόντων καὶ κατέβη ἐπ' αὐτὸν Βαναιας ἐν ῥάβδῳ καὶ ἀφείλατο ἐκ τῆς χειρὸς τοῦ Αἰγυπτίου τὸ δόρυ καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ δόρατι αὐτοῦ
He struck down the Egyptian, a man of great stature, five cubits high. In the Egyptian's hand was a spear like a weaver's beam, but Benaiah went down against him with a staff, snatched the spear from the Egyptian's hand, and killed him with his own spear.
The Egyptian episode highlights reversal: a staff defeats a spear, and the enemy dies by his own weapon. Physical scale only heightens the feat.
Word-by-word analysis· 42 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἐπάταξενstruck / killedVAI AAI3S · πατάσσωfinite verb advancing the clauseπατάσσω: 'strike'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἄνδραhusbandN3 ASM · ἀνήρcommon noun within the clauseἀνήρ: 'man'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑἰγύπτιονEgyptianN2 ASM · Αἰγύπτιοςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEgyptian: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἄνδραhusbandN3 ASM · ἀνήρcommon noun within the clauseἀνήρ: 'man'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁρατὸνoratosA1 ASM · ὁρατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierὁρατός: 'oratos'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πεντάπηχυνpentapechysN3U ASM · πεντάπηχυςcommon noun within the clauseπεντάπηχυς: 'pentapechys'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρcommon noun within the clauseχείρ: 'hand'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑἰγυπτίουEgyptianN2 GSM · Αἰγύπτιοςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEgyptian: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
δόρυspearN3 NSN · δόρυcommon noun within the clauseδόρυ: 'spear'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὡςlike / asC · ὡςcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὡς: 'like / as'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀντίονweaver's beamN2N NSN · ἀντίονcommon noun within the clauseἀντίον: 'weaver's beam'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὑφαινόντωνof weaversV1 · παπγπμ ὑφαίνωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπγπμ ὑφαίνω: 'of weavers'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
κατέβηwent downVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseβαίνω + κατα: 'go down'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ΒαναιαςBenaiahN1T NSM · Βαναιαςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBenaiah: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ῥάβδῳrodN2 DSF · ῥάβδοςcommon noun within the clauseῥάβδος: 'rod'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀφείλατοtook awayVBI AMI3S · αἱρέω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clauseαἱρέω + ἀπο: 'took away'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρcommon noun within the clauseχείρ: 'hand'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑἰγυπτίουEgyptianN2 GSM · Αἰγύπτιοςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEgyptian: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δόρυspearN3 ASN · δόρυcommon noun within the clauseδόρυ: 'spear'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀπέκτεινενkilledVAI AAI3S · κτείνω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clauseκτείνω + ἀπο: 'killed'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῷofRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δόρατιspearN3 DSN · δόρυcommon noun within the clauseδόρυ: 'spear'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
24
ταῦτα ἐποίησεν Βαναιας υἱὸς Ιωδαε καὶ τούτῳ ὄνομα ἐν τοῖς τρισὶν τοῖς δυνατοῖς
These things Benaiah son of Jehoiada did, and he had a name among the three mighty men.
The summary formula assigns Benaiah enduring renown. Heroic deeds are narrated so that they become memorial titles within David's kingdom.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ἐποίησενhe had doneVAI AAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιέω: 'do'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΒαναιαςBenaiahN1T NSM · Βαναιαςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBenaiah: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΙωδαεJehoiadaN GSM · Ιωδαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJehoiada: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τούτῳto himRD DSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
ὄνομαnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαcommon noun within the clauseὄνομα: 'name'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τρισὶνthreeA3 DPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δυνατοῖςmighty menA1 DPM · δυνατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierδυνατός: 'mighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
25
ὑπὲρ τοὺς τριάκοντα ἔνδοξος οὗτος καὶ πρὸς τοὺς τρεῖς οὐκ ἤρχετο καὶ κατέστησεν αὐτὸν Δαυιδ ἐπὶ τὴν πατριὰν αὐτοῦ
He was more honored than the thirty, but he did not attain to the three; and David set him over his bodyguard.
Again rank is carefully specified. Benaiah is exalted without being confused with the highest triad, and David's appointment gives that honor official shape.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπέρ: 'over / beyond'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τριάκονταthirtyM · τριάκονταcommon noun within the clauseτριάκοντα: 'thirty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔνδοξοςhonored / held in honorA1B NSM · ἔνδοξοςadjectival or ordinal modifierἔνδοξος: 'glorious'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τρεῖςthreeA3 NPM · τρεῖςadjectival or ordinal modifierτρεῖς: 'three'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἤρχετοwould comeV1I IMI3S · ἄρχωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseἄρχω: 'would come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
κατέστησενappointed / setVAI AAI3S · ἵστημι + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseἵστημι + κατα: 'appointed / set'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πατριὰνclanN1A ASF · πατριάcommon noun within the clauseπατριά: 'father's house, ancestral clan'; a kinship unit larger than the immediate household and central to tribal organization in Chronicles.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
26
καὶ δυνατοὶ τῶν δυνάμεων Ασαηλ ἀδελφὸς Ιωαβ Ελεαναν υἱὸς Δωδω ἐκ Βαιθλαεμ
The mighty men of the forces were Asahel brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo of Bethlehem,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
δυνατοὶmighty menA1 NPM · δυνατόςadjectival or ordinal modifierδυνατός: 'mighty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
δυνάμεωνforces / armiesN3I GPF · δύναμιςcommon noun within the clauseδύναμις: 'forces / armies'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΑσαηλAsahelN NSM · Ασαηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAsahel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἀδελφὸςbrotherN2 NSM · ἀδελφόςhead noun within the clauseἀδελφός: 'brother'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙωαβJoabN GSM · Ιωαβproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJoab: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΕλεανανEleananN NSM · Ελεανανproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEleanan: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΔωδωDodoN GSM · Δωδωproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDodo: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΒαιθλαεμBethlehemN GSM · Βαιθλαεμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBethlehem: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
27
Σαμμωθ ὁ Αδι Χελλης ὁ Φελωνι
Shammoth the Harorite, Helez the Pelonite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΣαμμωθSammothN NSM · Σαμμωθproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSammoth: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑδιAdiN NSM · Αδιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAdi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΧελληςChellesN NSM · Χελληςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceChelles: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΦελωνιPheloniN NSM · Φελωνιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequencePheloni: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
28
Ωραι υἱὸς Εκκης ὁ Θεκωι Αβιεζερ ὁ Αναθωθι
Ira son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anathothite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ΩραιOraiN NSM · Ωραιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceOrai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΕκκηςEkkesN GSM · Εκκηςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEkkes: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΘεκωιThekoiN NSM · Θεκωιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceThekoi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΑβιεζερAbiezerN NSM · Αβιεζερproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAbiezer: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑναθωθιAnathothiN NSM · Αναθωθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAnathothi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
29
Σοβοχαι ὁ Ασωθι Ηλι ὁ Αχωι
Sibbecai the Hushathite, Ilai the Ahohite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΣοβοχαιSobochaiN NSM · Σοβοχαιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSobochai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑσωθιAsothiN NSM · Ασωθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAsothi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΗλιEliN NSM · Ηλιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEli: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑχωιAchoiN NSM · Αχωιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAchoi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
30
Μοοραι ὁ Νετωφαθι Χολοδ υἱὸς Νοοζα ὁ Νετωφαθι
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ΜοοραιMooraiN NSM · Μοοραιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMoorai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΝετωφαθιNetophathiN NSM · Νετωφαθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNetophathi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΧολοδCholodN NSM · Χολοδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceCholod: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΝοοζαNoozaN GSM · Νοοζαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNooza: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΝετωφαθιNetophathiN NSM · Νετωφαθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNetophathi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
31
Αιθι υἱὸς Ριβαι ἐκ βουνοῦ Βενιαμιν Βαναιας ὁ Φαραθωνι
Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ΑιθιAithiN NSM · Αιθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAithi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΡιβαιRibaiN GSM · Ριβαιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceRibai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
βουνοῦhillN2 GSM · βουνόςcommon noun within the clauseβουνός: 'hill'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΒενιαμινBenjaminN NSM · Βενιαμίνproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBenjamin: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΒαναιαςBenaiahN1T NSM · Βαναιαςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBenaiah: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΦαραθωνιPharathoniN NSM · Φαραθωνιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequencePharathoni: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
32
Ουρι ἐκ Ναχαλιγαας Αβιηλ ὁ Γαραβεθθι
Hurai from the wadis of Gaash, Abiel the Arbathite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΟυριOuriN NSM · Ουριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceOuri: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΝαχαλιγααςNachaligaasN GSM · Ναχαλιγααςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNachaligaas: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΑβιηλAbielN NSM · Αβιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAbiel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΓαραβεθθιGarabeththiN NSM · Γαραβεθθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceGarabeththi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
33
Αζμωθ ὁ Βεερμι Ελιαβα ὁ Σαλαβωνι
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΑζμωθAzmothN NSM · Αζμωθproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAzmoth: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΒεερμιBeermiN NSM · Βεερμιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBeermi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΕλιαβαEliabaN NSM · Ελιαβαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEliaba: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΣαλαβωνιSalaboniN NSM · Σαλαβωνιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSalaboni: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
34
Βενναιας Οσομ ὁ Γεννουνι Ιωναθαν υἱὸς Σωλα ὁ Αραρι
Bene-hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan son of Shage the Hararite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ΒενναιαςBennaiasN1T NSM · Βενναιαςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBennaias: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΟσομOsomN NSM · Οσομproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceOsom: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΓεννουνιGennouniN NSM · Γεννουνιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceGennouni: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΙωναθανJonathanN NSM · Ιωναθανproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJonathan: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΣωλαSolaN GSM · Σωλαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSola: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑραριArariN NSM · Αραριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceArari: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
35
Αχιμ υἱὸς Σαχαρ ὁ Αραρι Ελφαλ υἱὸς Ουρ
Ahiam son of Sacar the Hararite, Eliphal son of Ur,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ΑχιμAchimN NSM · Αχιμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAchim: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΣαχαρSacharN GSM · Σαχαρproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSachar: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑραριArariN NSM · Αραριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceArari: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΕλφαλElphalN NSM · Ελφαλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceElphal: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΟυρHurN GSM · Ουρproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceHur: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
36
Οφαρ ὁ Μοχοραθι Αχια ὁ Φελωνι
Hepher the Mecherathite, Ahijah the Pelonite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΟφαρOpharN NSM · Οφαρproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceOphar: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΜοχοραθιMocharathiN NSM · Μοχοραθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMocharathi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΑχιαAhijahN NSM · Αχιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAhijah: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΦελωνιPheloniN NSM · Φελωνιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequencePheloni: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
37
Ησεραι ὁ Χαρμαλι Νααραι υἱὸς Αζωβαι
Hezro the Carmelite, Naarai son of Ezbai,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΗσεραιEseraiN NSM · Ησεραιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEserai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΧαρμαλιCharmaliN NSM · Χαρμαλιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceCharmali: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΝααραιNaaraiN NSM · Νααραιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNaarai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΑζωβαιAzobaiN GSM · Αζωβαιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAzobai: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
38
Ιωηλ ἀδελφὸς Ναθαν Μεβααρ υἱὸς Αγαρι
Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar son of Haggeri,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΙωηλJoelN NSM · Ιωηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJoel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἀδελφὸςbrotherN2 NSM · ἀδελφόςhead noun within the clauseἀδελφός: 'brother'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΝαθανNathanN GSM · Ναθανproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNathan: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΜεβααρMebaarN NSM · Μεβααρproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMebaar: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΑγαριAgariN GSM · Αγαριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAgari: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
39
Σεληκ ὁ Αμμωνι Ναχωρ ὁ Βερθι αἴρων σκεύη Ιωαβ υἱοῦ Σαρουια
Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ΣεληκSelekN NSM · Σεληκproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSelek: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑμμωνιAmmoniN NSM · Αμμωνιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAmmoni: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΝαχωρNahorN NSM · Ναχωρproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNahor: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΒερθιBerthiN NSM · Βερθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBerthi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
αἴρωνwearing / bearingV1 · παπνσμ αἴρωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπαπνσμ αἴρω: 'wearing / bearing'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
σκεύηimplementsN3E APN · σκεῦοςcommon noun within the clauseσκεῦος: 'armor / vessel'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙωαβJoabN GSM · Ιωαβproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJoab: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱοῦsonN2 GSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΣαρουιαSarouiaN GSF · Σαρουιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSarouia: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
40
Ιρα ὁ Ιεθηρι Γαρηβ ὁ Ιεθηρι
Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΙραIraN NSM · Ιραproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIra: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙεθηριJetheriN NSM · Ιεθηριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJetheri: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΓαρηβGarebN NSM · Γαρηβproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceGareb: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙεθηριJetheriN NSM · Ιεθηριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJetheri: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
41
Ουριας ὁ Χεττι Ζαβετ υἱὸς Αχλια
Uriah the Hittite, Zabad son of Ahlai,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
ΟυριαςUriahN NSM · Ουριαςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceUriah: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΧεττιHittiteN NSM · Χεττιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceHittite: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΖαβετZabetN NSM · Ζαβετproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceZabet: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΑχλιαAchliaN GSM · Αχλιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAchlia: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
42
Αδινα υἱὸς Σαιζα τοῦ Ρουβην ἄρχων καὶ ἐπ' αὐτῷ τριάκοντα
Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite, a chief, and thirty were with him,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ΑδιναAdinaN NSM · Αδιναproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAdina: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΣαιζαSaizaN GSM · Σαιζαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSaiza: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΡουβηνReubenN GSM · Ρουβηνproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceReuben: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ἄρχωνruler / leaderN3 NSM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clauseἄρχων: 'chief'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτῷto him / hisRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
τριάκονταthirtyM · τριάκονταcommon noun within the clauseτριάκοντα: 'thirty'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
43
Αναν υἱὸς Μοωχα καὶ Ιωσαφατ ὁ Βαιθανι
Hanan son of Maacah, and Joshaphat the Mithnite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ΑνανAnanN NSM · Ανανproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAnan: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΜοωχαMoochaN GSM · Μοωχαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMoocha: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙωσαφατJehoshaphatN NSM · Ιωσαφατproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJehoshaphat: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΒαιθανιBaithaniN NSM · Βαιθανιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceBaithani: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
44
Οζια ὁ Ασταρωθι Σαμμα καὶ Ιιηλ υἱοὶ Χωθαν τοῦ Αραρι
Uzzia the Ashterathite, Shama and Jeiel sons of Hotham the Aroerite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ΟζιαOziaN NSM · Οζιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceOzia: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑσταρωθιAstarothiteN NSM · Ασταρωθιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAstarothite: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ΣαμμαSammaN NSM · Σαμμαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSamma: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙιηλIielN NSM · Ιιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIiel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΧωθανChothanN GSM · Χωθανproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceChothan: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑραριArariN GSM · Αραριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceArari: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
45
Ιεδιηλ υἱὸς Σαμερι καὶ Ιωαζαε ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ Ιεασι
Jediael son of Shimri, and Joha his brother the Tizite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ΙεδιηλIedielN NSM · Ιεδιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIediel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΣαμεριSameriN GSM · Σαμεριproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceSameri: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙωαζαεIoazaeN NSM · Ιωαζαεproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIoazae: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀδελφὸςbrotherN2 NSM · ἀδελφόςhead noun within the clauseἀδελφός: 'brother'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙεασιIeasiN NSM · Ιεασιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIeasi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
46
Ελιηλ ὁ Μιι καὶ Ιαριβι καὶ Ιωσια υἱὸς αὐτοῦ Ελνααμ καὶ Ιεθεμα ὁ Μωαβίτης
Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai and Joshaviah son of Elnaam, and Ithmah the Moabite,
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ΕλιηλElielN NSM · Ελιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceEliel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΜιιMiiN NSM · Μιιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMii: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙαριβιIaribiN NSM · Ιαριβιproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIaribi: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙωσιαJosiahN NSM · Ιωσιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJosiah: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ΕλνααμElnaamN NSM · Ελνααμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceElnaam: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙεθεμαIethemaN NSM · Ιεθεμαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIethema: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΜωαβίτηςMoabiteN1M NSM · Μωαβίτηςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMoabite: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
47
Αλιηλ καὶ Ωβηδ καὶ Ιεσιηλ ὁ Μισαβια
Eliel, Obed, and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.
The catalogue now proceeds by compressed name-and-origin notices. Its purpose is cumulative: David's reign is shown to rest on a remembered company of loyal and formidable supporters.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ΑλιηλAlielN NSM · Αλιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceAliel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΩβηδObedN NSM · Ωβηδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceObed: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙεσιηλIesielN NSM · Ιεσιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIesiel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΜισαβιαMisabiaN NSM · Μισαβιαproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceMisabia: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.