1
καὶ Εζεκιας ἐβασίλευσεν ὢν εἴκοσι καὶ πέντε ἐτῶν καὶ εἴκοσι καὶ ἐννέα ἔτη ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ὄνομα τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ Αββα θυγάτηρ Ζαχαρια
And Hezekiah began to reign when he was twenty-five years old, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem; and his mother's name was Abba daughter of Zechariah.
The accession formula begins the chapter that will reverse the damage of Ahaz.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΕζεκιαςEzekiasN1T NSM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΕζεκιας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Ezekias".
ἐβασίλευσενreignVAI AAI3S · βασιλεύωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clauseβασιλεύω: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
ὢνπαπνσμ εἰμίV9 · παπνσμ εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clauseπαπνσμ εἰμί: 'παπνσμ εἰμί'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
εἴκοσιtwentyM · εἴκοσιlexical item contributing to the clause or listεἴκοσι: 'twenty'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
πέντεfiveM · πέντεproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerπέντε: five; cardinal number marking the total of a sibling or town cluster.
ἐτῶνyearsN3E GPN · ἔτοςnominal element within the genealogical noticeἔτος: years; genitive of measure in an age statement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἴκοσιtwentyM · εἴκοσιlexical item contributing to the clause or listεἴκοσι: 'twenty'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐννέαnineM · ἐννέαproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerἐννέα: nine; cardinal number marking the total of David's Jerusalem sons in this notice.
ἔτηyearsN3E APN · ἔτοςnominal element within the genealogical noticeἔτος: years; temporal unit used in a regnal or age notice.
ἐβασίλευσενreignVAI AAI3S · βασιλεύωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clauseβασιλεύω: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the list or clauseΙερουσαλημ: indeclinable
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὄνομαnameN3M NSN · ὄνομαcommon noun within the clauseὄνομα: 'name'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
μητρὶmotherN3 DSF · μήτηρcommon noun within the clauseμήτηρ: 'mother'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ΑββαAbbaN NSF · Αββαcommon term within the clauseΑββα: "Abba"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
θυγάτηρdaughterN3 NSF · θυγάτηρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemθυγάτηρ: 'daughter'
ΖαχαριαZechariahN1T GSM · Ζαχαριαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemΖαχαριας (gen. Ζαχαριου): transliteration of Hebrew זְכַרְיָה ('YHWH has remembered')
2
καὶ ἐποίησεν τὸ εὐθὲς ἐνώπιον κυρίου κατὰ πάντα ὅσα ἐποίησεν Δαυιδ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ
And he did what was right before the Lord, according to all that David his father had done.
The positive verdict is immediate and comprehensive, aligning Hezekiah with Davidic fidelity.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐποίησενhe had doneVAI AAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιέω: 'do'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
εὐθὲςuprightA3H ASN · εὐθήςcommon noun within the clauseεὐθής: 'upright'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἐνώπιονbeforeP · ἐνώπιονprepositionEnopion: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
κατὰby / according toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατά: 'according to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: 'all'
ὅσαas much asA1 APN · ὅσοςacc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantiveὅσος: adjectival form qualifying a substantive or functioning substantivally in context.
ἐποίησενhe had doneVAI AAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιέω: 'do'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN NSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πατὴρfatherN3 NSM · πατήρnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemπατήρ: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
3
καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἔστη ἐπὶ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ μηνὶ ἀνέῳξεν τὰς θύρας οἴκου κυρίου καὶ ἐπεσκεύασεν αὐτάς
And it happened, when he stood over his kingdom, in the first month, that he opened the doors of the house of the Lord and repaired them.
The reform begins without delay. The first royal act is to reopen and repair the shut sanctuary.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐγένετοit happenedVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseγίγνομαι: 'it happened'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὡςlike / asC · ὡςcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὡς: 'like / as'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔστηstoppedVHI AAI3S · ἵστημιfinite verb advancing the clauseἵστημι: 'stopped'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλείαςkingdomN1A GSF · βασιλείαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or descriptionβασιλεία: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πρώτῳfirstA1 DSMS · πρῶτοςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentπρῶτος: 'first'
μηνὶmonthN3 DSM · μήνdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentμήν: 'month'
ἀνέῳξενopenVAI AAI3S · οἴγω + ἀναfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardοἴγω + ἀνα: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θύραςdoorsN1A APF · θύραcommon noun within the clauseθύρα: 'doors'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπεσκεύασενσκευάζωVAI AAI3S · σκευάζω + ἐπιinfinitive complement within the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardσκευάζω + ἐπι: 'σκευάζω'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
αὐτάςhisRD APF · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
4
καὶ εἰσήγαγεν τοὺς ἱερεῖς καὶ τοὺς Λευίτας καὶ κατέστησεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς ἀνατολὰς
And he brought in the priests and the Levites and stationed them in the square to the east.
Hezekiah gathers those responsible for temple service and places them in a formal hearing setting.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰσήγαγενἄγωVBI AAI3S · ἄγω + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clauseἄγω + εἰς: 'ἄγω'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V APM · ἱερεύςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complementἱερεύς: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευίταςΛευείτηςN1M APM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
κατέστησενappointed / setVAI AAI3S · ἵστημι + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseἵστημι + κατα: 'appointed / set'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complementαὐτός: 'them'
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κλίτοςsideN3E ASN · κλίτοςaccusative object of ἐπίκλίτος: 'side'; 'on the one side.'
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀνατολὰςthe eastN1 GSF · ἀνατολήgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termἀνατολή (pl. ἀνατολαί): 'rising (of the sun) / east'
5
καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς ἀκούσατε οἱ Λευῖται νῦν ἁγνίσθητε καὶ ἁγνίσατε τὸν οἶκον κυρίου θεοῦ τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν καὶ ἐκβάλετε τὴν ἀκαθαρσίαν ἐκ τῶν ἁγίων
And he said to them, "Hear me, O Levites: now sanctify yourselves, and sanctify the house of the Lord God of your fathers, and cast out the uncleanness from the holy things."
The call begins with self-sanctification and moves outward to the house itself. Reform must start in the ministers.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἀκούσατεadoyoVA AAD2P · ἀδούωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἀδούω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευῖταιΛευείτηςN1M NPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: particle or adverb shaping the sentence's discourse force, emphasis, or temporal flow.
ἁγνίσθητεhagnistheteVC APD2P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἁγνίσθητε: verbal form meaning 'hagnisthete'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἁγνίσατεhagnistheteVA AAD2P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἁγνίσθητε: verbal form meaning 'hagnisthete'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςhead noun within the clauseθεός: 'God'; the principal divine title, used in direct speech and theological interpretation.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πατέρωνfathersN3 GPM · πατήρgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termπατήρ: 'father'
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependenceσύ (gen. pl.): 'your'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐκβάλετεdrive outVB AAD2P · βάλλω + ἐκverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardβάλλω + ἐκ: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀκαθαρσίανuncleannessN1A ASF · ἀκαθαρσίαpredicate nominative ('this is his uncleanness')ἀκαθαρσία: see above; the verdict that the described condition constitutes ritual impurity.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἁγίωνof holy thingsA1A GPM · ἅγιοςcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaἅγιος: 'holy things'; genitive in the phrase 'holy of holies.'
6
ὅτι ἀπέστησαν οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν καὶ ἐποίησαν τὸ πονηρὸν ἐναντίον κυρίου καὶ ἐγκατέλιπαν αὐτὸν καὶ ἀπέστρεψαν τὸ πρόσωπον ἀπὸ τῆς σκηνῆς κυρίου καὶ ἔδωκαν αὐχένα
"For our fathers departed and did evil before the Lord and abandoned him, and they turned their face away from the tent of the Lord and gave the neck."
The king interprets the crisis as covenantal apostasy expressed in stubborn refusal.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὅτι: 'that / because'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀπέστησανremoveVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + ἀποfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἵστημι + ἀπο: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πατέρεςfathersN3 NPM · πατήρhead noun within the clauseπατήρ: 'father'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronoun in genitival dependenceἐγώ (gen. pl. ἡμῶν): 'our'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐποίησανdidVAI AAI3P · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the clauseποιέω: 'do'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πονηρὸνevilA1A ASN · πονηρόςcommon noun within the clauseπονηρός: 'evil'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: 'before / in the sight of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐγκατέλιπανthey forsookVAI AAI3P · λείπω + ἐν + καταmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἐγκαταλείπω: 'forsake / abandon / leave behind'
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀπέστρεψανbring back / turn backVAI AAI3P · στρέφω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clauseστρέφω + ἀπο: 'bring back / turn back'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πρόσωπονface / presenceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative substantive functioning as object or complementπρόσωπον: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
ἀπὸfrom / ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπό: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σκηνῆςtent / tabernacleN1 GSF · σκηνήgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or descriptionσκηνή: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔδωκανgaveVAI AAI3P · δίδωμιmain verb of allotment or gift→ aorist summary statementδίδωμι: 'give'; repeated allotment verb.
αὐχέναaychenN3 ASM · αὐχήνaccusative element functioning as object or extent expressionαὐχήν: "aychen"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
7
καὶ ἀπέκλεισαν τὰς θύρας τοῦ ναοῦ καὶ ἔσβεσαν τοὺς λύχνους καὶ θυμίαμα οὐκ ἐθυμίασαν καὶ ὁλοκαυτώματα οὐ προσήνεγκαν ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ θεῷ Ισραηλ
"And they shut the doors of the temple and extinguished the lamps, and they did not burn incense and did not offer whole burnt offerings in the sanctuary to the God of Israel."
The indictment catalogs concrete liturgical failures. Worship had been actively suspended.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀπέκλεισανkleio + apoVAI AAI3P · κλείω + ἀποmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardκλείω + ἀπο: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θύραςdoorsN1A APF · θύραcommon noun within the clauseθύρα: 'doors'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ναοῦtempleN2 GSM · ναόςgenitive dependentναός: 'temple'.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔσβεσανthey will quenchVAI AAI3P · σβέννυμιmain verb (the consequence)→ predictive futureσβέννυμι: 'extinguish / quench'; renders כָּבָה; the metaphor of quenching the last live coal vividly figures the snuffing-out of the family line (cf. 2 Kgdms 21:17, the 'lamp of Israel').
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λύχνουςlychnosN2 APM · λύχνοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goalλύχνος: "lamp"; the extinguished temple lamps symbolize the suspension of ordered worship.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
θυμίαμαthymiamaN3M ASN · θυμίαμαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goalθυμίαμα: "incense"; the fragrant offering that should have risen in regular temple service.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐθυμίασανto be burned (as offering)VAI AAI3P · θυμιάωinfinitive with πρίν (temporal)→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardθυμιάω: 'burn (as incense/offering) / make smoke'; renders הִקְטִיר; the burning of the fat to YHWH was the central act of the offering (Lev 3:16, 'all the fat is the LORD's'); to seize meat before this is direct sacrilege.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὁλοκαυτώματαburnt offeringN3M APN · ὁλοκαύτωμαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complementὁλοκαύτωμα: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clauseοὐ: 'not'
προσήνεγκανbring / presentVAI AAI3P · φέρω + προςfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clauseφέρω + προς: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῷofRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἁγίῳholyA1A DSM · ἅγιοςdat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantiveἅγιος: adjectival form qualifying a substantive or functioning substantivally in context.
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentθεός: 'God'
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
8
καὶ ὠργίσθη ὀργῇ κύριος ἐπὶ τὸν Ιουδαν καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτοὺς εἰς ἔκστασιν καὶ εἰς ἀφανισμὸν καὶ εἰς συρισμόν ὡς ὑμεῖς ὁρᾶτε τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ὑμῶν
"And the Lord became angry with wrath against Judah and against Jerusalem, and he gave them over to horror and to desolation and to hissing, as you see with your eyes."
Hezekiah asks the assembly to interpret visible disaster through theological cause.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὠργίσθηwas angryVSI API3S · ὀργίζωmain verb (divine reaction)→ ingressive aorist (onset of anger)ὀργίζω (aor. pass.): 'be / become angry'; renders חָרָה אַף / קָצַף; the divine wrath against Solomon initiates the judgment-oracle; the passive deponent form expresses the LORD's roused indignation.
ὀργῇwith angerN1 DSF · ὀργήdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentὀργή: 'anger / wrath'
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙουδανJudahN1T ASM · Ἰούδαςcommon noun within the clauseἸούδας: 'Judah'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJerusalem: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔδωκενgaveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeδίδωμι: 'give'
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complementαὐτός: 'them'
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔκστασινa terror / aweN3I ASF · ἔκστασιςsubject of ἐπῆλθενἔκστασις: 'displacement of mind / terror / awe'; renders פַּחַד ('dread'); ἔκστασις κυρίου ('a terror from the LORD') is a God-sent dread that overwhelms ordinary reluctance, paralleling the 'terror of God' that protects Israel (cf. Gen 35:5).
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀφανισμὸνaphanismosN2 ASM · ἀφανισμόςaccusative element functioning as object or extent expressionἀφανισμός: "aphanismos"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
συρισμόνsyrismosN2 ASM · συρισμόςaccusative element functioning as object or extent expressionσυρισμός: "syrismos"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
ὡςlike / asC · ὡςcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὡς: 'like / as'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive elementσύ (nom. pl. ὑμεῖς): 'you'
ὁρᾶτεsawV3 PAI2P · ὁράωfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardὁράω: 'saw'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὀφθαλμοῖςeyesN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentὀφθαλμός: 'eye'
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependenceσύ (gen. pl.): 'your'
9
καὶ ἰδοὺ πεπλήγασιν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν μαχαίρᾳ καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν καὶ αἱ θυγατέρες ὑμῶν καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες ὑμῶν ἐν αἰχμαλωσίᾳ ἐν γῇ οὐκ αὐτῶν ὃ καὶ νῦν ἐστιν
"And behold, your fathers have been struck down by the sword, and your sons and your daughters and your wives are in captivity in a land not their own, as indeed is now the case."
The speech refuses abstraction by naming death and captivity inside living family memory.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: 'behold'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πεπλήγασινplegizoVX XAI3P · πληγίζωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardπληγίζω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πατέρεςfathersN3 NPM · πατήρhead noun within the clauseπατήρ: 'father'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependenceσύ (gen. pl.): 'your'
μαχαίρᾳswordN1A DSF · μάχαιραcommon noun within the clauseμάχαιρα: 'sword'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependenceσύ (gen. pl.): 'your'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clauseὁ: pronominal form marking reference, determination, or relation within the clause.
θυγατέρεςdaughtersN3 NPF · θυγάτηρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemθυγάτηρ: 'daughter'
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependenceσύ (gen. pl.): 'your'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clauseὁ: pronominal form marking reference, determination, or relation within the clause.
γυναῖκεςwife/womanN3K NPF · γυνήnominative head term or subject complementγυνή: 'wife/woman'; used here in its ordinary sense within the genealogical or historical notice.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependenceσύ (gen. pl.): 'your'
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αἰχμαλωσίᾳcaptivity / captivesN1A DSF · αἰχμαλωσίαsubject in apposition (the captives also purified)αἰχμαλωσία: 'body of captives'; the spared virgins, equally subject to the purification before entering the camp; the contagion of corpse-defilement extends to the captured persons too.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
γῇlandN1 DSF · γῆdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentγῆ: 'land'
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ὃosRR NSM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordinationὅς: relative pronoun linking the present condition to the calamity just described.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: particle or adverb shaping the sentence's discourse force, emphasis, or temporal flow.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal forceεἰμί: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
10
ἐπὶ τούτοις νῦν ἐστιν ἐπὶ καρδίας διαθέσθαι διαθήκην κυρίου θεοῦ Ισραηλ καὶ ἀποστρέψει τὴν ὀργὴν θυμοῦ αὐτοῦ ἀφ' ἡμῶν
"And now it is upon my heart to make a covenant with the Lord God of Israel, and he will turn away his fierce wrath from us."
Reform is not mere cleanup. It is a deliberate act of covenant reorientation.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τούτοιςtheseRD DPM · οὗτοςpronounToytois: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: particle or adverb shaping the sentence's discourse force, emphasis, or temporal flow.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal forceεἰμί: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καρδίαςheartN1A APF · καρδίαcommon noun within the clauseκαρδία: 'heart'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
διαθέσθαιhe madeVE AMN · τίθημι + διαfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardτίθημι + δια: 'he made'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
διαθήκηνcovenantN1 ASF · διαθήκηcommon noun within the clauseδιαθήκη: 'covenant'; a formal binding arrangement, here the compact made at Hebron before the LORD.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςhead noun within the clauseθεός: 'God'; the principal divine title, used in direct speech and theological interpretation.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀποστρέψειto returnVF FAI3S · στρέφω + ἀποinfinitive complement or purpose expression→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἀποστρέφω: 'turn away, return'
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὀργὴνwith angerN1 ASF · ὀργήdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentὀργή: 'anger / wrath'
θυμοῦθυμόςN2 GSM · θυμόςcommon noun within the clauseθυμός: 'θυμός'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἀφ'aphP · ἀπόpreposition introducing its complement phraseἀφ': preposition, here linking its complement phrase to the clause.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronoun in genitival dependenceἐγώ (gen. pl. ἡμῶν): 'our'
11
καὶ νῦν μὴ διαλίπητε ὅτι ἐν ὑμῖν ᾑρέτικεν κύριος στῆναι ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ λειτουργεῖν καὶ εἶναι αὐτῷ λειτουργοῦντας καὶ θυμιῶντας
"And now do not fail, because the Lord has chosen you to stand before him, to minister to him, and to be his ministers and burners of incense."
The summons grounds urgency in divine choice. Their office is gift and obligation together.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: particle or adverb shaping the sentence's discourse force, emphasis, or temporal flow.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceμή: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
διαλίπητεleipo + diaVB AAS2P · λείπω + διαmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardλείπω + δια: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὅτι: 'that / because'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronoun functioning as dative complementσύ (dat. pl.): dative of reference.
ᾑρέτικενairetizoVXI AAI3S · αἰρετίζωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardαἰρετίζω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
στῆναιset up / placeVH AAN · ἵστημιfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clauseἵστημι: 'set up / place'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: 'before / in the sight of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
λειτουργεῖνto ministerV2 PAN · λειτουργέωinfinitive complement or purpose expression→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressλειτουργέω: see v. 3.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶναιto beV9 PAN · εἰμίinfinitive complement or purpose expression→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressεἰμί: 'be'
αὐτῷto him / hisRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
λειτουργοῦνταςministerV2 · παπαπμ λειτουργέωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal forceλειτουργέω: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
θυμιῶνταςpapapm thymiaoV3 · παπαπμ θυμιάωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardπαπαπμ θυμιάω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
12
καὶ ἀνέστησαν οἱ Λευῖται Μααθ ὁ τοῦ Αμασι καὶ Ιωηλ ὁ τοῦ Αζαριου ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν Κααθ καὶ ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν Μεραρι Κις ὁ τοῦ Αβδι καὶ Αζαριας ὁ τοῦ Ιαλλεληλ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Γεδσωνι Ιωα ὁ τοῦ Ζεμμαθ καὶ Ιωδαν ὁ τοῦ Ιωαχα
Then the Levites arose: Maath son of Amasai and Joel son of Azariah from the sons of Kohath, and from the sons of Merari Kish son of Abdi and Azariah son of Jehallelel, and from the sons of Gershon Joah son of Zimmah and Eden son of Joah.
The reform now becomes embodied in specific families and persons, not in anonymous intention.
Word-by-word analysis· 45 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀνέστησανraise upVHI AAI3P · ἵστημι + ἀναfinite verb advancing the clauseἵστημι + ἀνα: 'raise up'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευῖταιΛευείτηςN1M NPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ΜααθMaathN NSM · Μααθcommon term within the clauseΜααθ: "Maath"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑμασιAmasaiN GSM · Αμασιname-item in the genealogical registerAmasai: transliterated proper name preserved in this genealogical register.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙωηλJoelN NSM · Ιωηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceJoel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑζαριουAzarianN1T GSM · Αζαριαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΑζαριαν: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Azarian".
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΚααθKohathN GSM · Κααθproper name within the list or clauseΚααθ: see v. 2.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
Μεραριof MerariN GSM · Μεραριproper name within the list or clauseΜεραρι: indeclinable
ΚιςKishN NSM · Κιςproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceKish: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΑβδιAbdiN GSM · Αβδιancestor-name in a singer's pedigreeAbdi: a transliterated proper name preserved in this Levitical roster.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΑζαριαςAzariasN1T NSM · Αζαριαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΑζαριας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Azarias".
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙαλλεληλIallelelN GSM · Ιαλλεληλcommon term within the clauseΙαλλεληλ: "Iallelel"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀπὸfrom / ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπό: 'from'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΓεδσωνιGershoniteN GSM · Γεδσωνιnominative gentilic (clan-name; indeclinable)Γεδσωνι: gentilic 'the Gershonite' (Hebrew הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּי).
Ιωαof JoaN NSM · Ιωαgenitive of relationship (indeclinable)Ιωα: a proper name (indeclinable), Dan's father; unattested elsewhere.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΖεμμαθZemmathN GSM · Ζεμμαθcommon term within the clauseΖεμμαθ: "Zemmath"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙωδανIodanN NSM · Ιωδανcommon term within the clauseΙωδαν: "Iodan"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΙωαχαIoachaN GSM · Ιωαχαcommon term within the clauseΙωαχα: "Ioacha"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
13
καὶ τῶν υἱῶν Ελισαφαν Σαμβρι καὶ Ιιηλ καὶ τῶν υἱῶν Ασαφ Ζαχαριας καὶ Μαθθανιας
And from the sons of Elizaphan, Shimri and Jeiel, and from the sons of Asaph, Zechariah and Mattaniah,
The roster widens to include other authorized Levitical groups needed for the work.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΕλισαφανElisaphanN GSM · Ελισαφανproper name within the list or clauseΕλισαφαν: transliteration of Hebrew אֱלִיצָפָן (Elizaphan/Elzaphan)
ΣαμβριSambriN NSM · Σαμβριcommon term within the clauseΣαμβρι: "Sambri"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΙιηλIielN NSM · Ιιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIiel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΑσαφAsaphN GSM · Ασαφsubstantive functioning within the clause according to contextAsaph: proper name or ethnicon preserved in transliterated Greek form.
ΖαχαριαςZechariahN1T NSM · Ζαχαριαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemΖαχαριας (gen. Ζαχαριου): transliteration of Hebrew זְכַרְיָה ('YHWH has remembered')
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΜαθθανιαςMaththaniasN1T NSM · Μαθθανιαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemΜαθθανιας: "Maththanias"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
14
καὶ τῶν υἱῶν Αιμαν Ιιηλ καὶ Σεμεϊ καὶ τῶν υἱῶν Ιδιθων Σαμαιας καὶ Οζιηλ
and from the sons of Heman, Jeiel and Shimei, and from the sons of Jeduthun, Shemaiah and Uzziel.
The mention of Heman and Jeduthun anticipates the restoration of song later in the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΑιμανAimanN GSM · Αιμανproper name or indeclinable itemHeman: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
ΙιηλIielN NSM · Ιιηλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIiel: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΣεμεϊSemeiN NSM · Σεμεϊproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerSemei: a transliterated proper name preserved in the Judahite and Davidic genealogical traditions.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςhead noun within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; the basic genealogical noun for descent and household membership throughout Chronicles.
ΙδιθωνJeduthunN GSM · Ιδιθωνsubstantive functioning within the clause according to contextJeduthun: proper name or ethnicon preserved in transliterated Greek form.
ΣαμαιαςShemaiahN1T NSM · Σαμαιαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemΣαμαιας (nom.): 'Shemaiah'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΟζιηλUzzielN NSM · Οζιηλproper name within the list or clauseΟζιηλ: transliteration of Hebrew עֻזִּיאֵל (Uzziel)
15
καὶ συνήγαγον τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ ἡγνίσθησαν κατὰ τὴν ἐντολὴν τοῦ βασιλέως διὰ προστάγματος κυρίου καθαρίσαι τὸν οἶκον κυρίου
And they gathered their brothers and sanctified themselves, according to the command of the king by the ordinance of the Lord, to cleanse the house of the Lord.
The cleansing proceeds under both royal command and divine ordinance, keeping the hierarchy properly ordered.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
συνήγαγονgather togetherVBI AAI3P · ἄγω + συνfinite verb advancing the clauseἄγω + συν: 'gather together'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀδελφοὺςbrothersN2 APM · ἀδελφόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀδελφός: 'brother'
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἡγνίσθησανhegnisthesanVCI API3P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἡγνίσθησαν: verbal form meaning 'hegnisthesan'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
κατὰby / according toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατά: 'according to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐντολὴνEntolasN1 ASF · ἐντολήaccusative complementEntolas: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
διὰthrough / by means ofP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: 'through / by means of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
προστάγματοςordinanceN3M GSN · πρόσταγμαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complementπρόσταγμα: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καθαρίσαιhas been purifiedVA AAN · καθαρίζωverb of causal clause→ resultative perfect (state of uncleanness)καθαρίζω: 'cleanse / purify'; the perfect οὐ κεκαθάρισται ('he has not been purified') marks David's supposed continuing ritual state — a plausible, innocent explanation for his absence.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
16
καὶ εἰσῆλθον οἱ ἱερεῖς ἔσω εἰς τὸν οἶκον κυρίου ἁγνίσαι καὶ ἐξέβαλον πᾶσαν τὴν ἀκαθαρσίαν τὴν εὑρεθεῖσαν ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ κυρίου καὶ εἰς τὴν αὐλὴν οἴκου κυρίου καὶ ἐδέξαντο οἱ Λευῖται ἐκβαλεῖν εἰς τὸν χειμάρρουν Κεδρων ἔξω
And the priests went in inside the house of the Lord to cleanse it, and they cast out all the uncleanness that was found in the house of the Lord into the court of the house of the Lord; and the Levites received it to carry it out to the Kidron torrent outside.
Priests and Levites cooperate according to their roles: the one enters, the other carries away.
Word-by-word analysis· 37 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰσῆλθονwent inVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clauseἔρχομαι + εἰς: 'went in'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἱερεύς: 'priest'
ἔσωesoD · ἔσωproper name within the Solomonic royal or temple narrativeeso: transliterated proper name preserved in the Solomonic temple narrative and its surrounding royal memory.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
ἁγνίσαιhagnistheteVA AAN · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἁγνίσθητε: verbal form meaning 'hagnisthete'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐξέβαλονdrive outVBI AAI3P · βάλλω + ἐκverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardβάλλω + ἐκ: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
πᾶσανallA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: 'all / whole'
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀκαθαρσίανuncleannessN1A ASF · ἀκαθαρσίαpredicate nominative ('this is his uncleanness')ἀκαθαρσία: see above; the verdict that the described condition constitutes ritual impurity.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
εὑρεθεῖσανappasph eyriskoVC · αππασφ εὑρίσκωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardαππασφ εὑρίσκω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clauseοἶκος: 'house'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
αὐλὴνcourtN1 ASF · αὐλήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goalαὐλή: "court / courtyard"; the temple court becomes the transfer point for impurity carried out from the house.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐδέξαντοyou take to heartVAI AMI3P · δέχομαιverb continuing the temporal-conditional frame→ predictive future (Israel's inward reception in exile)δέχομαι: 'receive / accept / take to oneself'; the idiom δέξῃ εἰς τὴν καρδίαν σου ('you receive into your heart') renders וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ אֶל־לְבָבְךָ ('you bring back to your heart'), i.e. you reflect upon and inwardly take in the experience of blessing and curse; this inward turn is the hinge toward repentance in v. 2.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευῖταιΛευείτηςN1M NPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἐκβαλεῖνdrive outVF2 FAN · βάλλω + ἐκverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaβάλλω + ἐκ: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
χειμάρρουνcheimaroosA1C ASM · χειμάροοςaccusative element functioning as object or extent expressionχειμάροος: "cheimaroos"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
ΚεδρωνKidronN ASM · Κεδρωνgenitive/appositional name (indeclinable place name)Κεδρων: transliteration of Hebrew קִדְרוֹן (Kidron); indeclinable; the valley/brook between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives, the eastern boundary David must cross to flee.
ἔξωExoD · ἔξωadverbExo: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
17
καὶ ἤρξαντο τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ πρώτῃ νουμηνίᾳ τοῦ μηνὸς τοῦ πρώτου ἁγνίσαι καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ὀγδόῃ τοῦ μηνὸς εἰσῆλθαν εἰς τὸν ναὸν κυρίου καὶ ἥγνισαν τὸν οἶκον κυρίου ἐν ἡμέραις ὀκτὼ καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑκκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ μηνὸς τοῦ πρώτου συνετέλεσαν
And they began on the first day of the new moon of the first month to purify, and on the eighth day of the month they entered the temple of the Lord; and they purified the house of the Lord in eight days, and on the sixteenth day of the first month they completed it.
The chronology underscores methodical, orderly reform rather than emotional haste.
Word-by-word analysis· 42 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἤρξαντοwould comeVAI AMI3P · ἄρχωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἄρχω: 'would come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πρώτῃfirstA1 DSFS · πρῶτοςadjectival or ordinal modifierπρῶτος: 'first'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
νουμηνίᾳnew moonN1A DSF · νουμηνίαcommon noun within the clauseνουμηνία: 'new moon'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive dependentμήν: 'month'
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πρώτουfirstA1 GSMS · πρῶτοςordinal adjective in rosterπρῶτος: 'first'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἁγνίσαιhagnistheteVA AAN · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἁγνίσθητε: verbal form meaning 'hagnisthete'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὀγδόῃeighthA1 DSF · ὄγδοοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemὄγδοος: 'eighth'
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive dependentμήν: 'month'
εἰσῆλθανyou shall enterVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἔρχομαι + εἰς: 'you shall enter'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ναὸνtempleN2 ASM · ναόςgenitive dependentναός: 'temple'.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἥγνισανhagnistheteVAI AAI3P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἁγνίσθητε: verbal form meaning 'hagnisthete'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἡμέραιςdaysN1A DPF · ἡμέραcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaἡμέρα: 'days'; temporal setting.
ὀκτὼeightM · ὀκτώlexical item contributing to the clause or listὀκτώ: 'eight'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἑκκαιδεκάτῃsixteenthA1 DSF · ἑκκαιδέκατοςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceEkkaidekatos: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive dependentμήν: 'month'
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πρώτουfirstA1 GSMS · πρῶτοςordinal adjective in rosterπρῶτος: 'first'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
συνετέλεσανcompleteVAI AAI3P · τελέω + συνfinite verb advancing the clauseτελέω + συν: 'complete'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
18
καὶ εἰσῆλθαν ἔσω πρὸς Εζεκιαν τὸν βασιλέα καὶ εἶπαν ἡγνίσαμεν πάντα τὰ ἐν οἴκῳ κυρίου τὸ θυσιαστήριον τῆς ὁλοκαυτώσεως καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν τράπεζαν τῆς προθέσεως καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτῆς
And they went inside to Hezekiah the king and said, "We have purified everything in the house of the Lord: the altar of whole burnt offering and all its vessels, and the table of presentation and all its vessels."
The report identifies the principal cultic furnishings now restored to use.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἰσῆλθανyou shall enterVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἔρχομαι + εἰς: 'you shall enter'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἔσωesoD · ἔσωproper name within the Solomonic royal or temple narrativeeso: transliterated proper name preserved in the Solomonic temple narrative and its surrounding royal memory.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΕζεκιανEzekiasN1T ASM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΕζεκιας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Ezekias".
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπανthey saidVAI AAI3P · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἡγνίσαμενhagnistheteVAI AAI1P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἁγνίσθητε: verbal form meaning 'hagnisthete'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: 'all'
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clauseοἶκος: 'house'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; either the altar of burnt offering or of incense.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαυτώσεωςburnt offeringN3I GSF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytoseos: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σκεύηimplementsN3E APN · σκεῦοςcommon noun within the clauseσκεῦος: 'armor / vessel'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSN · αὐτόςpronoun referring within the clauseαὐτός: 'his'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τράπεζανTrapezonN1S ASF · τράπεζαgenitive dependentTrapezon: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
προθέσεωςof presentation / setting-forthN3I GSF · πρόθεσιςcommon noun within the clauseπρόθεσις: 'of presentation / setting-forth'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σκεύηimplementsN3E APN · σκεῦοςcommon noun within the clauseσκεῦος: 'armor / vessel'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependenceαὐτῆς: common register vocabulary in this genealogical or allotment context.
19
καὶ πάντα τὰ σκεύη ἃ ἐμίανεν Αχαζ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ ἀποστασίᾳ αὐτοῦ ἡτοιμάκαμεν καὶ ἡγνίκαμεν ἰδού ἐστιν ἐναντίον τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου κυρίου
"And all the vessels that King Ahaz defiled in his reign, in his apostasy, we have prepared and purified; behold, they are before the altar of the Lord."
The reform is described as a direct reversal of the previous king's apostasy.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: 'all'
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σκεύηimplementsN3E APN · σκεῦοςcommon noun within the clauseσκεῦος: 'armor / vessel'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἃwhichRR APN · ὅςcommon noun within the clauseὅς: 'which'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐμίανενhe defiledVAI AAI3S · μιαίνωmain verb→ constative aoristμιαίνω: 'defile / render unclean'; renders טִמֵּא; the key reform-verb (vv. 8, 10, 13, 16): by ritually defiling the high places (with corpse-bones, ashes), Josiah made them permanently unusable for worship.
ΑχαζAchazN NSM · Αχαζproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerAchaz: a transliterated proper name preserved in the Judahite and Davidic genealogical traditions.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλείᾳreign / kingdomN1A DSF · βασιλείαcommon noun within the clauseβασιλεία: 'reign / kingdom'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀποστασίᾳapostasiaN1A DSF · ἀποστασίαdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or locationἀποστασία: "apostasia"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἡτοιμάκαμενpreparedVXI XAI1P · ἑτοιμάζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἑτοιμάζω: 'prepare / make ready'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἡγνίκαμενhagnistheteVX XAI1P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἁγνίσθητε: verbal form meaning 'hagnisthete'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
ἰδούbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: 'behold'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal forceεἰμί: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: 'before / in the sight of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστηρίουaltarN2N GSN · θυσιαστήριονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or descriptionθυσιαστήριον: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
20
καὶ ὤρθρισεν Εζεκιας ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ συνήγαγεν τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῆς πόλεως καὶ ἀνέβη εἰς οἶκον κυρίου
And Hezekiah the king rose early and gathered the rulers of the city and went up to the house of the Lord.
Having heard the report, Hezekiah acts without delay and brings the civic leadership with him.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὤρθρισενthey rise earlyVAI AAI3S · ὀρθρίζωmain verb (historic present)→ historic present (vivid narration)ὀρθρίζω: 'rise early / do at dawn'; renders הִשְׁכִּים; the historic present makes the morning departure vivid; the verb implies eager, early rising for worship.
ΕζεκιαςEzekiasN1T NSM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΕζεκιας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Ezekias".
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
συνήγαγενgatheredVBI AAI3S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeσυνάγω: 'gather / assemble'
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἄρχονταςcommandersN3 APM · ἄρχωνaccusative element functioning as object or goalἄρχων (acc. pl. ἄρχοντας): 'commanders / officers'
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termπόλις: 'city'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀνέβηwent upVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀναfinite verb advancing the clauseβαίνω + ἀνα: 'went up'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
21
καὶ ἀνήνεγκεν μόσχους ἑπτά κριοὺς ἑπτά ἀμνοὺς ἑπτά χιμάρους αἰγῶν ἑπτὰ περὶ ἁμαρτίας περὶ τῆς βασιλείας καὶ περὶ τῶν ἁγίων καὶ περὶ Ισραηλ καὶ εἶπεν τοῖς υἱοῖς Ααρων τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν ἀναβαίνειν ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον κυρίου
And they brought seven bulls, seven rams, seven lambs, and seven male goats for a sin offering, concerning the kingdom and concerning the holy things and concerning Israel; and he told the sons of Aaron, the priests, to put them on the altar of the Lord.
The repeated sevens and the broad scope of the offering signal comprehensive purgation and renewal.
Word-by-word analysis· 35 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀνήνεγκενoffer upVAI AAI3S · φέρω + ἀναfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clauseφέρω + ἀνα: 'offer up'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
μόσχουςbull-calvesN2 APM · μόσχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalμόσχος: 'young bull'
ἑπτάheptaM · ἑπτάproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerhepta: a transliterated proper name preserved in the Judahite and Davidic genealogical traditions.
κριοὺςramsN2 APM · κριόςaccusative complementKrioys: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
ἑπτάheptaM · ἑπτάproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerhepta: a transliterated proper name preserved in the Judahite and Davidic genealogical traditions.
ἀμνοὺςlambN2 APM · ἀμνόςaccusative element functioning as object or extent expressionἀμνός: "lamb"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
ἑπτάheptaM · ἑπτάproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerhepta: a transliterated proper name preserved in the Judahite and Davidic genealogical traditions.
χιμάρουςgoatN2 APM · χίμαροςsubject of λήμψεταιχίμαρος: 'he-goat'; now the subject — the goat is the active sin-bearer.
αἰγῶνaixN3G GPM · αἴξgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termαἴξ: "aix"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
ἑπτὰsevenM · ἑπτάcommon noun within the clauseἑπτά: 'seven'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαcommon noun within the clauseἁμαρτία: 'sin'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλείαςkingdomN1A GSF · βασιλείαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or descriptionβασιλεία: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἁγίωνholyA1A GPN · ἅγιοςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phraseἅγιος: 'holy'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
υἱοῖςsonN2 DPM · υἱόςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or locationυἱός: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
ΑαρωνAaronN GSM · Ἀαρώνproper name within the list or clauseΑαρων: indeclinable
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῦσινpriestsN3V DPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἱερεύς: 'priest'
ἀναβαίνεινwent upV1 PAN · βαίνω + ἀναfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardβαίνω + ἀνα: 'went up'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; either the altar of burnt offering or of incense.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
22
καὶ ἔθυσαν τοὺς μόσχους καὶ ἐδέξαντο οἱ ἱερεῖς τὸ αἷμα καὶ προσέχεον ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον καὶ ἔθυσαν τοὺς κριούς καὶ προσέχεον τὸ αἷμα ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον καὶ ἔθυσαν τοὺς ἀμνούς καὶ περιέχεον τὸ αἷμα τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ
And they slaughtered the bulls, and the priests received the blood and poured it on the altar; and they slaughtered the rams and poured the blood on the altar; and they slaughtered the lambs and poured the blood on the altar.
The verse lingers over priestly handling of blood, stressing proper cultic process.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔθυσανthey sacrificedVAI AAI3P · θύωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeθύω: 'sacrifice / offer / slay'
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
μόσχουςbull-calvesN2 APM · μόσχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalμόσχος: 'young bull'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐδέξαντοyou take to heartVAI AMI3P · δέχομαιverb continuing the temporal-conditional frame→ predictive future (Israel's inward reception in exile)δέχομαι: 'receive / accept / take to oneself'; the idiom δέξῃ εἰς τὴν καρδίαν σου ('you receive into your heart') renders וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ אֶל־לְבָבְךָ ('you bring back to your heart'), i.e. you reflect upon and inwardly take in the experience of blessing and curse; this inward turn is the hinge toward repentance in v. 2.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἱερεύς: 'priest'
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
αἷμαblood (-guilt)N3M ASN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clauseαἷμα: 'blood'; shorthand for life violently risked or given, which is why David treats the Bethlehem water as too costly to drink.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
προσέχεονcheo + prosV2I IAI3P · χέω + προςmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardχέω + προς: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; either the altar of burnt offering or of incense.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔθυσανthey sacrificedVAI AAI3P · θύωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeθύω: 'sacrifice / offer / slay'
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κριούςramsN2 APM · κριόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκριός: 'ram'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
προσέχεονcheo + prosV2I IAI3P · χέω + προςmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardχέω + προς: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
αἷμαblood (-guilt)N3M ASN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clauseαἷμα: 'blood'; shorthand for life violently risked or given, which is why David treats the Bethlehem water as too costly to drink.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; either the altar of burnt offering or of incense.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔθυσανthey sacrificedVAI AAI3P · θύωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeθύω: 'sacrifice / offer / slay'
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀμνούςlambN2 APM · ἀμνόςaccusative element functioning as object or extent expressionἀμνός: "lamb"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
περιέχεονcheo + periV2I IAI3P · χέω + περιmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardχέω + περι: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
αἷμαblood (-guilt)N3M ASN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clauseαἷμα: 'blood'; shorthand for life violently risked or given, which is why David treats the Bethlehem water as too costly to drink.
τῷofRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστηρίῳaltarN2N DSN · θυσιαστήριονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or descriptionθυσιαστήριον: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
23
καὶ προσήγαγον τοὺς χιμάρους τοὺς περὶ ἁμαρτίας ἐναντίον τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ τῆς ἐκκλησίας καὶ ἐπέθηκαν τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν ἐπ' αὐτούς
And they brought near the male goats for the sin offering before the king and the assembly, and they laid their hands on them.
The laying on of hands marks representative transfer and communal involvement in expiation.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
προσήγαγονago + prosVBI AAI3P · ἄγω + προςmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἄγω + προς: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
χιμάρουςgoatN2 APM · χίμαροςsubject of λήμψεταιχίμαρος: 'he-goat'; now the subject — the goat is the active sin-bearer.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαcommon noun within the clauseἁμαρτία: 'sin'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐναντίον: 'before / in the sight of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐκκλησίαςassemblyN1A GSF · ἐκκλησίαgenitive dependentἐκκλησία: 'assembly / congregation'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐπέθηκανthey placedVAI AAI3P · τίθημι + ἐπιmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἐπιτίθημι: 'place upon'
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaχείρ: 'hands'; in the idiom 'over the charge of' the singers.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complementαὐτός: 'them'
24
καὶ ἔθυσαν αὐτοὺς οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ ἐξιλάσαντο τὸ αἷμα αὐτῶν πρὸς τὸ θυσιαστήριον καὶ ἐξιλάσαντο περὶ παντὸς Ισραηλ ὅτι περὶ παντὸς Ισραηλ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεύς ἡ ὁλοκαύτωσις καὶ τὰ περὶ ἁμαρτίας
And the priests slaughtered them and made atonement with their blood toward the altar and made atonement for all Israel, because for all Israel the king said that the whole burnt offering and the sin offerings were to be made.
Hezekiah's horizon is not narrow Judah alone; the rite is deliberately performed on behalf of all Israel.
Word-by-word analysis· 31 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔθυσανthey sacrificedVAI AAI3P · θύωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeθύω: 'sacrifice / offer / slay'
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complementαὐτός: 'them'
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἱερεύς: 'priest'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐξιλάσαντοto make atonementVAI AMI3P · ἱλάσκομαι + ἐκverbal element advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἐξιλάσκομαι: 'make atonement'; sacrificial expiation language.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
αἷμαblood (-guilt)N3M ASN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clauseαἷμα: 'blood'; shorthand for life violently risked or given, which is why David treats the Bethlehem water as too costly to drink.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; either the altar of burnt offering or of incense.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐξιλάσαντοto make atonementVAI AMI3P · ἱλάσκομαι + ἐκverbal element advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἐξιλάσκομαι: 'make atonement'; sacrificial expiation language.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὅτι: 'that / because'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεύςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemβασιλεύς: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
ἡthe (one)RA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαύτωσιςburnt offeringN3I NSF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytosin: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
περὶconcerning / aboutP · περίpreposition governing a following complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement and marking relation such as place, direction, source, or reference.
ἁμαρτίαςsinN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαcommon noun within the clauseἁμαρτία: 'sin'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
25
καὶ ἔστησεν τοὺς Λευίτας ἐν οἴκῳ κυρίου ἐν κυμβάλοις καὶ ἐν νάβλαις καὶ ἐν κινύραις κατὰ τὴν ἐντολὴν Δαυιδ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ Γαδ τοῦ ὁρῶντος τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ Ναθαν τοῦ προφήτου ὅτι δι' ἐντολῆς κυρίου τὸ πρόσταγμα ἐν χειρὶ τῶν προφητῶν
And he stationed the Levites in the house of the Lord with cymbals and with harps and with lyres, according to the command of David the king and Gad the king's seer and Nathan the prophet, because the commandment was from the Lord through the hand of the prophets.
Levitical song is reintroduced as commanded worship, not optional ornament.
Word-by-word analysis· 41 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔστησενistemiVAI AAI3S · ἵστημιfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clauseἵστημι: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευίταςΛευείτηςN1M APM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clauseοἶκος: 'house'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυμβάλοιςcymbalsN2N DPN · κύμβαλονdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentκύμβαλον: 'cymbal'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
νάβλαιςharps / lutesN1A DPF · νάβλαdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentνάβλα: 'nabla / harp / lute'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κινύραιςlyresN1A DPF · κινύραdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentκινύρα: 'lyre / harp'
κατὰby / according toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατά: 'according to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐντολὴνEntolasN1 ASF · ἐντολήaccusative complementEntolas: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΓαδGadN GSM · Γαδproper name within the list or clauseΓαδ: transliteration of Hebrew גָּד
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁρῶντοςpapgsm oraoV3 · παπγσμ ὁράωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardπαπγσμ ὁράω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or locationβασιλεύς: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΝαθανNathanN GSM · Ναθανproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceNathan: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
προφήτουprophetN1M GSM · προφήτηςgenitive dependentπροφήτης: 'prophet'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὅτι: 'that / because'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
δι'through / by means ofP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: 'through / by means of'; a preposition marking relation through the phrase it governs.
ἐντολῆςEntolasN1 GSF · ἐντολήcommon noun within the clauseἐντολή: 'Entolas'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
πρόσταγμαordinanceN3M ASN · πρόσταγμαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complementπρόσταγμα: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρcommon noun within the clauseχείρ: 'hand'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
προφητῶνprophetN1M GPM · προφήτηςcommon noun within the clauseπροφήτης: 'prophet'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
26
καὶ ἔστησαν οἱ Λευῖται ἐν ὀργάνοις Δαυιδ καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς ταῖς σάλπιγξιν
And the Levites stood with the instruments of David, and the priests with the trumpets.
The restored service is now visibly ordered, each minister in the proper station with proper instruments.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔστησανstoodVAI AAI3P · ἵστημιverbal element advancing the clause→ aorist summary statementἵστημι: 'stand / station'; here of fixed service posts.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευῖταιΛευείτηςN1M NPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὀργάνοιςinstrumentsN2N DPN · ὄργανονdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentὄργανον: 'instrument / tool / musical instrument'
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἱερεύς: 'priest'
ταῖςthe onesRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σάλπιγξινtrumpetsN3G DPF · σάλπιγξdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentσάλπιγξ: 'trumpet'
27
καὶ εἶπεν Εζεκιας ἀνενέγκαι τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον καὶ ἐν τῷ ἄρξασθαι ἀναφέρειν τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν ἤρξαντο ᾄδειν κυρίῳ καὶ αἱ σάλπιγγες πρὸς τὰ ὄργανα Δαυιδ βασιλέως Ισραηλ
And Hezekiah said to offer the whole burnt offering on the altar; and when they began to offer the whole burnt offering, they began to sing to the Lord, and the trumpets sounded along with the instruments of David king of Israel.
The chapter deliberately synchronizes offering and song so that atonement and praise are seen as one liturgical action.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΕζεκιαςEzekiasN1T NSM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΕζεκιας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Ezekias".
ἀνενέγκαιto send upVA AAN · φέρω + ἀναinfinitive complement or purpose expression→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἀναφέρω: 'bring up / send up'
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαύτωσινburnt offeringN3I ASF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytosin: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
ἐπὶagainstP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: 'on / over'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; either the altar of burnt offering or of incense.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῷofRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἄρξασθαιwould comeVA AMN · ἄρχωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἄρχω: 'would come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἀναφέρεινoffer upV1 PAN · φέρω + ἀναparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal forceφέρω + ἀνα: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαύτωσινburnt offeringN3I ASF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytosin: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
ἤρξαντοwould comeVAI AMI3P · ἄρχωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἄρχω: 'would come'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ᾄδεινof male singersV1 PAN · ᾄδωinfinitive→ imperfective infinitiveᾄδω: 'sing'
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clauseὁ: pronominal form marking reference, determination, or relation within the clause.
σάλπιγγεςtrumpetN3G NPF · σάλπιγξnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemσάλπιγξ: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρός: 'toward / against'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὰthe / thoseRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὄργαναinstrumentsN2N APN · ὄργανονdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentὄργανον: 'instrument / tool / musical instrument'
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
28
καὶ πᾶσα ἡ ἐκκλησία προσεκύνει καὶ οἱ ψαλτῳδοὶ ᾄδοντες καὶ αἱ σάλπιγγες σαλπίζουσαι ἕως οὗ συνετελέσθη ἡ ὁλοκαύτωσις
And all the assembly worshiped, and the singers were singing and the trumpets sounding until the whole burnt offering was completed.
The assembly is not a spectator body but a worshiping one, carried along with the priests and musicians.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemπᾶς: 'all / whole'
ἡthe (one)RA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐκκλησίαassemblyN1A NSF · ἐκκλησίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἐκκλησία: 'assembly / congregation'
προσεκύνειworshipV2I IAI3S · κυνέω + προςfinite verb advancing the clauseκυνέω + προς: 'worship'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ψαλτῳδοὶpsaltodosA1B NPM · ψαλτῳδόςadjectival or ordinal modifierψαλτῳδός: 'psaltodos'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ᾄδοντεςπαπνπμ ᾄδωV1 · παπνπμ ᾄδωfinite verb advancing the clauseπαπνπμ ᾄδω: 'παπνπμ ᾄδω'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clauseὁ: pronominal form marking reference, determination, or relation within the clause.
σάλπιγγεςtrumpetN3G NPF · σάλπιγξnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemσάλπιγξ: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
σαλπίζουσαιaapnpph salpizoVA · ααπνπφ σαλπίζωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardααπνπφ σαλπίζω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: 'until'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependenceοὗ: 'where'
συνετελέσθηcompleteVSI API3S · τελέω + συνmain verbal form advancing the narrative or descriptionσυντελέω: "bring to completion / finish"; here the whole burnt offering runs its full course to completion.
ἡthe (one)RA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαύτωσιςburnt offeringN3I NSF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytosin: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
29
καὶ ὡς συνετέλεσαν ἀναφέροντες ἔκαμψεν ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ πάντες οἱ εὑρεθέντες καὶ προσεκύνησαν
And when they had finished offering, the king and all who were found with him bowed the knee and worshiped.
Completion of the offering leads immediately to bodily reverence.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὡςlike / asC · ὡςcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὡς: 'like / as'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
συνετέλεσανcompleteVAI AAI3P · τελέω + συνfinite verb advancing the clauseτελέω + συν: 'complete'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἀναφέροντεςpapnpm phero + anaV1 · παπνπμ φέρω + ἀναmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardπαπνπμ φέρω + ἀνα: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
ἔκαμψενyou will bow down / make bendVAI AAI3S · κάμπτωmain verb (direct address to YHWH; object τοὺς ἐπανιστανομένους)→ predictive future (the subjugation of adversaries)κάμπτω: 'bend / bow / cause to stoop'; renders תַּכְרִיעַ ('you make bow / sink down'); God 'bows' the rebels under David — forces them to their knees in submission; cf. the eschatological bowing of every knee (πᾶν γόνυ κάμψει, Isa 45:23; Phil 2:10).
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
εὑρεθέντεςfindVC · αππνπμ εὑρίσκωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or descriptionεὑρίσκω: "find"; the participle gathers all those present with the king into the act of worship.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
προσεκύνησανworshipVAI AAI3P · κυνέω + προςfinite verb advancing the clause→ perfectiveκυνέω + προς: verbal form carrying the sense 'worship' in this chapter's local clause context.
30
καὶ εἶπεν Εζεκιας ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες τοῖς Λευίταις ὑμνεῖν τὸν κύριον ἐν λόγοις Δαυιδ καὶ Ασαφ τοῦ προφήτου καὶ ὕμνουν ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ καὶ ἔπεσον καὶ προσεκύνησαν
And Hezekiah the king and the rulers told the Levites to hymn the Lord with the words of David and Asaph the prophet, and they hymned with gladness and fell down and worshiped.
The praise is guided by Davidic and Asaphic language, joining inherited text to renewed worship.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΕζεκιαςEzekiasN1T NSM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΕζεκιας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Ezekias".
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςhead noun within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; the royal title borne by Saul or David in these chapters.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἄρχοντεςrulersN3 NPM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clauseἄρχων: 'chief'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευίταιςΛευείτηςN1M DPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ὑμνεῖνhymnV2 PAN · ὑμνέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardὑμνέω: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
λόγοιςwordN2 DPM · λόγοςcommon noun within the clauseλόγος: 'word'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceDavid: transliterated proper name preserved in the genealogical, cultic, or martial register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ΑσαφAsaphN GSM · Ασαφsubstantive functioning within the clause according to contextAsaph: proper name or ethnicon preserved in transliterated Greek form.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
προφήτουprophetN1M GSM · προφήτηςgenitive dependentπροφήτης: 'prophet'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ὕμνουνhymnV2 PAI3P · ὑμνέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardὑμνέω: verbal form expressing action, state, speech, movement, or relation according to its tense-form and clause role.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
εὐφροσύνῃgladnessN1 DSF · εὐφροσύνηdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrumentεὐφροσύνη: 'gladness / joy / good cheer'
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἔπεσονfellVBI AAI3P · πίπτωfinite verb advancing the clauseπίπτω: 'fell'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
προσεκύνησανworshipVAI AAI3P · κυνέω + προςfinite verb advancing the clause→ perfectiveκυνέω + προς: verbal form carrying the sense 'worship' in this chapter's local clause context.
31
καὶ ἀπεκρίθη Εζεκιας καὶ εἶπεν νῦν ἐπληρώσατε τὰς χεῖρας ὑμῶν κυρίῳ προσαγάγετε καὶ φέρετε θυσίας καὶ αἰνέσεως εἰς οἶκον κυρίου καὶ ἀνήνεγκεν ἡ ἐκκλησία θυσίας καὶ αἰνέσεως εἰς οἶκον κυρίου καὶ πᾶς πρόθυμος τῇ καρδίᾳ ὁλοκαυτώσεις
And Hezekiah answered and said, "Now you have filled your hands for the Lord. Come near and bring sacrifices and offerings of praise into the house of the Lord." And the assembly brought sacrifices and offerings of praise into the house of the Lord, and everyone willing in heart brought whole burnt offerings.
Consecration now opens into willing generosity from the people themselves.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀπεκρίθηansweredVCI API3S · κρίνω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardκρίνω + ἀπο: 'answered'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ΕζεκιαςEzekiasN1T NSM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΕζεκιας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Ezekias".
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the clauseεἶπον: 'say'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: particle or adverb shaping the sentence's discourse force, emphasis, or temporal flow.
ἐπληρώσατεpeplerokosVAI AAI2P · πληρόωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionπεπληρωκὼς: verbal form meaning 'peplerokos'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρcommon noun or modifier within the list formulaχείρ: 'hands'; in the idiom 'over the charge of' the singers.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependenceσύ (gen. pl.): 'your'
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
προσαγάγετεago + prosVB AAD2P · ἄγω + προςmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἄγω + προς: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
φέρετεthey broughtV1 PAD2P · φέρωfinite verb advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardφέρω: 'they brought'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
θυσίαςsacrificeN1A APF · θυσίαaccusative complementThysias: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
αἰνέσεωςpraiseN3I GSF · αἴνεσιςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or locationαἴνεσις: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀνήνεγκενoffer upVAI AAI3S · φέρω + ἀναfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clauseφέρω + ἀνα: 'offer up'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
ἡthe (one)RA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐκκλησίαassemblyN1A NSF · ἐκκλησίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἐκκλησία: 'assembly / congregation'
θυσίαςsacrificeN1A APF · θυσίαaccusative complementThysias: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
αἰνέσεωςpraiseN3I GSF · αἴνεσιςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or locationαἴνεσις: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
πᾶςeveryoneA3 NSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
πρόθυμοςProthymosA1B NSM · πρόθυμοςadjectival modifierProthymos: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
καρδίᾳheartN1A DSF · καρδίαdative complementKardia: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
ὁλοκαυτώσειςburnt offeringN3I APF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
32
καὶ ἐγένετο ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῆς ὁλοκαυτώσεως ἧς ἀνήνεγκεν ἡ ἐκκλησία μόσχοι ἑβδομήκοντα κριοὶ ἑκατόν ἀμνοὶ διακόσιοι εἰς ὁλοκαύτωσιν κυρίῳ πάντα ταῦτα
And the number of the whole burnt offerings that the assembly brought was seventy bulls, one hundred rams, two hundred lambs; all these were for a whole burnt offering to the Lord.
The abundance of offerings provides concrete evidence that worship has genuinely revived.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἐγένετοit happenedVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseγίγνομαι: 'it happened'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀριθμὸςnumberN2 NSM · ἀριθμόςcommon noun within the clauseἀριθμός: 'number'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαυτώσεωςburnt offeringN3I GSF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytoseos: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
ἧςwho / whichRR GSF · ὅςgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clauseὅς: pronominal form marking reference, determination, or relation within the clause.
ἀνήνεγκενoffer upVAI AAI3S · φέρω + ἀναfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clauseφέρω + ἀνα: 'offer up'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
ἡthe (one)RA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἐκκλησίαassemblyN1A NSF · ἐκκλησίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἐκκλησία: 'assembly / congregation'
μόσχοιof the bullsN2 NPM · μόσχοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termμόσχος: 'calf / young bull'
ἑβδομήκονταseventyM · ἑβδομήκονταproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceEbdomekonta: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
κριοὶramsN2 NPM · κριόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκριός: 'ram'
ἑκατόνa hundredM · ἑκατόνlexical item contributing to the clause or listἑκατόν: 'a hundred'
ἀμνοὶlambN2 NPM · ἀμνόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἀμνός: "lamb"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
διακόσιοιtwo hundredA1A NPM · διακόσιοιnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemδιακόσιοι: 'two hundred'
εἰςfor / untoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: 'into / to'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁλοκαύτωσινburnt offeringN3I ASF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytosin: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: 'all'
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewοὗτος: demonstrative pronoun ('this/these'); used to identify or summarize the persons or items just mentioned.
33
καὶ οἱ ἡγιασμένοι μόσχοι ἑξακόσιοι πρόβατα τρισχίλια
And the consecrated things were six hundred bulls and three thousand sheep.
The count widens beyond burnt offerings to the larger body of consecrated gifts.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἡγιασμένοιchmpnpm agiazoVT · χμπνπμ ἁγιάζωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardχμπνπμ ἁγιάζω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
μόσχοιof the bullsN2 NPM · μόσχοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head termμόσχος: 'calf / young bull'
ἑξακόσιοιsix hundredA1A NPM · ἑξακόσιοιnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἑξακόσιοι: 'six hundred'
πρόβαταsheepN2N APN · πρόβατονaccusative element functioning as object or goalπρόβατον: 'sheep'
τρισχίλιαthree thousandA1A APN · τρισχίλιοιadjectival modifierτρισχίλιοι: 'three thousand'.
34
ἀλλ' ἢ οἱ ἱερεῖς ὀλίγοι ἦσαν καὶ οὐκ ἐδύναντο δεῖραι τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν καὶ ἀντελάβοντο αὐτῶν οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν οἱ Λευῖται ἕως οὗ συνετελέσθη τὸ ἔργον καὶ ἕως οὗ ἡγνίσθησαν οἱ ἱερεῖς ὅτι οἱ Λευῖται προθύμως ἡγνίσθησαν παρὰ τοὺς ἱερεῖς
But the priests were too few and could not skin all the whole burnt offerings, and their brothers the Levites took hold with them until the work was completed and until the priests had sanctified themselves, because the Levites were more ready in heart to sanctify themselves than the priests.
The practical bottleneck becomes a moral observation about zeal and readiness among the ministers.
Word-by-word analysis· 39 words
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or subordinator structuring the clauseἀλλά: 'but, rather'
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clauseἤ: 'or'
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἱερεύς: 'priest'
ὀλίγοιὀλίγοςA1 NPM · ὀλίγοςcommon noun within the clauseὀλίγος: 'ὀλίγος'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἦσανwereV9 IAI3P · εἰμίparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseεἰμί: 'be'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier within the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: 'not'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐδύναντοwas ableV6I IMI3P · δύναμαιfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardEdynato: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
δεῖραιderoVA AAN · δέρωmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardδέρω: verbal form in this clause, advancing the narrative, command, or cultic action in view.
τὴνthe oneRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαύτωσινburnt offeringN3I ASF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytosin: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἀντελάβοντοhelp / supportVBI AMI3P · λαμβάνω + ἀντιfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardλαμβάνω + ἀντι: 'help / support'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or administrative discourse.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἀδελφοὶbrothersN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἀδελφός: 'brother'
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in viewαὐτός: personal or intensive pronoun ('he/she/it, his/her/its, same'); here it points back to the participant already in view.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευῖταιΛευείτηςN1M NPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: 'until'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependenceοὗ: 'where'
συνετελέσθηcompleteVSI API3S · τελέω + συνmain verbal form advancing the narrative or descriptionσυντελέω: "bring to completion / finish"; the term marks the work of the offerings being carried through to its end.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἔργονergonN2N ASN · ἔργονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goalἔργον: "work / task"; the concrete liturgical labor required to process the large number of offerings.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: 'until'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependenceοὗ: 'where'
ἡγνίσθησανhegnisthesanVCI API3P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἡγνίσθησαν: verbal form meaning 'hegnisthesan'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemἱερεύς: 'priest'
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὅτι: 'that / because'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἱtheyRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ΛευῖταιΛευείτηςN1M NPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clauseΛευείτης: 'Λευείτης'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
προθύμωςprothymosD · προθύμωςadverbial form modifying the verbal action or descriptionπροθύμως: "prothymos"; a regular lexical item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal-administrative discourse.
ἡγνίσθησανhegnisthesanVCI API3P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionἡγνίσθησαν: verbal form meaning 'hegnisthesan'; carries an action, process, or state within the clause.
παρὰfrom/besideP · παράpreposition introducing its complement phraseπαρὰ: preposition introducing its complement phrase; glossed 'from/beside' in this context.
τοὺςthe onesRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V APM · ἱερεύςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complementἱερεύς: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
35
καὶ ἡ ὁλοκαύτωσις πολλὴ ἐν τοῖς στέασιν τῆς τελειώσεως τοῦ σωτηρίου καὶ τῶν σπονδῶν τῆς ὁλοκαυτώσεως καὶ κατωρθώθη τὸ ἔργον ἐν οἴκῳ κυρίου
And the whole burnt offering was abundant, with the fat pieces of the completion of the peace offering and with the libations for the whole burnt offering; and the service in the house of the Lord was set right.
The chapter reaches institutional stability: the worship is not merely restarted but properly established.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ἡthe (one)RA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαύτωσιςburnt offeringN3I NSF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytosin: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
πολλὴmuchA1 NSF · πολύςadjectival or ordinal modifierπολύς: 'much'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τοῖςthe onesRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
στέασινfatN3T DPN · στέαρobject of ὑπέρ (the thing surpassed)στέαρ: 'fat / suet'; renders חֵלֶב; the fat was the choicest, divinely reserved portion of the sacrifice (Lev 3:16); 'better than the fat of rams' means better than the most select cultic offering.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
τελειώσεωςconsecration / ordinationN3I GSF · τελείωσιςpredicate nominative (with ἔστιν)τελείωσις: 'completion / perfection / consecration'; renders מִלֻּאִים ('installation / fillings'); the abstract noun of the verb τελειόω τὰς χεῖρας (v. 9); it names both the rite and the ram (κριὸς τελειώσεως, vv. 26, 27, 31, 34); in Hebrews the cognate τελείωσις/τελειόω is theologically central — the law 'made nothing perfect' (Heb 7:11, 19), but Christ perfects (τετελείωκεν) the sanctified (Heb 10:14).
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σωτηρίουpeace offeringN2N GSN · σωτήριονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or descriptionσωτήριον: noun used for the clause's participant, object, place, office, or abstract idea as context requires.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
τῶνthe (who are)RA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
σπονδῶνSpondasN1 GPF · σπονδήaccusative complementSpondas: a transliterated proper name preserved in this roster or narrative context.
τῆςthatRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ὁλοκαυτώσεωςburnt offeringN3I GSF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequenceOlokaytoseos: transliterated proper name preserved in the narrative or cultic register of this chapter.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
κατωρθώθηset firmVCI API3S · ὀρθόω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardὀρθόω + κατα: verbal form glossed here in its compound or contextual sense.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἔργονergonN2N ASN · ἔργονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goalἔργον: "work / service"; the restored temple operation now stands properly set in order.
ἐνamongP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: 'in'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clauseοἶκος: 'house'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clauseκύριος: the standard Septuagint rendering of the divine name; here the LORD is the decisive agent behind judgment, appointment, and deliverance.
36
καὶ ηὐφράνθη Εζεκιας καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς διὰ τὸ ἡτοιμακέναι τὸν θεὸν τῷ λαῷ ὅτι ἐξάπινα ἐγένετο ὁ λόγος
And Hezekiah rejoiced, and all the people, because God had prepared the matter for the people, for the thing came to pass suddenly.
The final note assigns the success to divine preparation while preserving the sense of astonishing speed.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
ηὐφράνθηrejoiceVCI API3S · εὐφραίνωfinite verb advancing the clauseεὐφραίνω: 'rejoice'; a regular verbal item in this chapter's narrative, cultic, or royal discourse.
ΕζεκιαςEzekiasN1T NSM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical noticeΕζεκιας: nominal term in the genealogical register; glossed here as "Ezekias".
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationκαί: 'and'; the standard coordinating conjunction that links names, clauses, and actions throughout these genealogical and narrative units.
πᾶςeveryoneA3 NSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: 'all'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςhead noun within the clauseλαός: 'people'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
διὰthrough / by means ofP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: 'through / by means of'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
ἡτοιμακέναιpreparedVXI AAN · ἑτοιμάζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἑτοιμάζω: 'prepare / make ready'
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalθεός: 'God'
τῷofRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςhead noun within the clauseλαός: 'people'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationὅτι: 'that / because'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ἐξάπιναsuddenlyD · ἐξάπιναadverb of manner ('suddenly / unexpectedly')ἐξάπινα: 'suddenly / all at once'; renders Hebrew פִּתְאֹם; the surprise assault recalls the night-march and dawn-attack tactics of 10:9; speed and surprise are the human means through which the LORD grants the promised rout.
ἐγένετοit happenedVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseγίγνομαι: 'it happened'; a regular lexical item in this chapter's genealogical, cultic, or martial discourse.
ὁheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phraseὁ: the Greek article, marking substantives and signaling their case, number, and gender within the phrase.
λόγοςwordN2 NSM · λόγοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemλόγος: 'word'