2 Chronicles 31 — Greek, Translation, Interlinear & Discourse

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

καὶ ὡς συνετελέσθη πάντα ταῦτα ἐξῆλθεν πᾶς Ισραηλ οἱ εὑρεθέντες ἐν πόλεσιν Ιουδα καὶ συνέτριψαν τὰς στήλας καὶ ἐξέκοψαν τὰ ἄλση καὶ κατέσπασαν τὰ ὑψηλὰ καὶ τοὺς βωμοὺς ἀπὸ πάσης τῆς Ιουδαίας καὶ Βενιαμιν καὶ ἐξ Εφραιμ καὶ ἀπὸ Μανασση ἕως εἰς τέλος καὶ ἐπέστρεψαν πᾶς Ισραηλ ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰς τὰς πόλεις αὐτῶν

And when all these things were completed, all Israel who were found in the cities of Judah went out and broke the pillars, cut down the Asherim, pulled down the high places and the altars from all Judah and Benjamin and from Ephraim and Manasseh until they had finished them all. Then all the sons of Israel returned, each to his own possession, to their cities.

Reform zeal spills out from the festival into the whole landκαὶ ὡς

The chapter opens by showing that repentance is not left inside the sanctuary. Worshipful unity becomes concrete iconoclasm across the territories named.

Word-by-word analysis· 57 words

καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.

ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.

συνετελέσθηcompleteVSI API3S · τελέω + συνmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ constative aoristτελέω + συν: meaning 'complete'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.

πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςacc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as acc adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.

ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.

ἐξῆλθενwent outVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ constative aoristἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'went out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.

πᾶςallA3 NSM · πᾶςnom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.

ΙσραηλIsraelN NSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

εὑρεθέντεςeyriskoVC · αππνπμ εὑρίσκωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or descriptionαππνπμ εὑρίσκω: meaning 'eyrisko'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.

ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.

πόλεσινcitiesN3I DPF · πόλιςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ sphere or referenceπόλις: meaning 'cities'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.

ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ἰουδάproper name within the genealogical or territorial register→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the genealogical or territorial register.

συνέτριψανthey broke in piecesVAI AAI3P · τρίβω + συνmain verb (the breaking-up of the bronzes)→ constative aoristτρίβω + συν: meaning 'they broke in pieces'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (the breaking-up of the bronzes).

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

στήλαςpillarsN1 APF · στήληdirect object of συντρίψετεστήλη: meaning 'pillars'; it serves as direct object of συντρίψετε.

ἐξέκοψανgouged outVAI AAI3P · κόπτω + ἐκmain verb→ constative aorist of destructionκόπτω + ἐκ: meaning 'gouged out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb.

τὰtheRA APN · ὁacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.

ἄλσηsacred groves / AsherimN3E APN · ἄλσοςdirect object of ἐκκόψετε (fronted)→ content focusἄλσος: meaning 'sacred groves'; it serves as direct object of ἐκκόψετε (fronted).

κατέσπασανσπάωVAI AAI3P · σπάω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseσπάω + κατα: meaning 'σπάω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

ὑψηλὰhigh placesA1 APN · ὑψηλόςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationὑψηλός: meaning 'high places'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

βωμοὺςaltarsN2 APM · βωμόςdirect object of κατασκάψετε→ object specificationβωμός: meaning 'altars'; it serves as direct object of κατασκάψετε.

ἀπὸfrom / ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.

πάσηςeveryoneA3 GSF · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifierπᾶς: meaning 'everyone'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

Ιουδαίαςof JudeaN1A GSF · Ἰουδαίαgenitive of relationship ('men of Judea/Judah')→ participant identificationΙουδαίας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive of relationship ('men of Judea/Judah').

ΒενιαμινBenjaminN GSM · Βενιαμίνplace-name in the allotment list→ participant identificationΒενιαμιν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as place-name in the allotment list.

ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.

ΕφραιμEphraimN GSM · Ἐφράιμplace-name in the allotment list→ participant identificationΕφραιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as place-name in the allotment list.

ΜανασσηManassehN GSM · Μανασσήplace-name in the allotment list→ participant identificationΜανασση: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as place-name in the allotment list.

ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.

εἰςinto/toP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.

τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative complement→ object specificationτέλος: meaning 'end'; it serves as accusative complement.

ἐπέστρεψανturned backVAI AAI3P · στρέφω + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristστρέφω + ἐπι: meaning 'turned back'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

ἕκαστοςeachA1 NSM · ἕκαστοςnom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ participant prominenceἕκαστος: meaning 'each'; it serves as nom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

κληρονομίανinheritanceN1A ASF · κληρονομίαgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ object specificationκληρονομία: meaning 'inheritance'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.

αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πόλειςcitiesN3I APF · πόλιςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ object specificationπόλις: meaning 'cities'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.

αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.

καὶ ἔταξεν Εζεκιας τὰς ἐφημερίας τῶν ἱερέων καὶ τῶν Λευιτῶν καὶ τὰς ἐφημερίας ἑκάστου κατὰ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ λειτουργίαν τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν καὶ τοῖς Λευίταις εἰς τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν καὶ εἰς τὴν θυσίαν τοῦ σωτηρίου καὶ αἰνεῖν καὶ ἐξομολογεῖσθαι καὶ λειτουργεῖν ἐν ταῖς πύλαις ἐν ταῖς αὐλαῖς οἴκου κυρίου

And Hezekiah appointed the divisions of the priests and the Levites, division by division, each according to his own service, both priests and Levites, for burnt offerings and for peace offerings, to minister and to give thanks and to praise in the gates of the camps of the Lord.

Hezekiah turns renewed zeal into ordered ministryκαὶ ἔταξεν

The king does more than remove abuses; he restores the regular structure of worship so the temple's life can continue faithfully.

Word-by-word analysis· 46 words

ἔταξενappointVAI AAI3S · τάσσωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeτάσσω: meaning 'appoint'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.

ΕζεκιαςEzekiasN1T NSM · Εζεκιαςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ participant identificationΕζεκιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element within the genealogical notice.

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἐφημερίαςephemeriaN1A APF · ἐφημερίαcommon noun within the clauseἐφημερία: meaning 'ephemeria'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἱερέωνpriestN3V GPM · ἱερεύςgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ΛευιτῶνLeviteN1M GPM · Λευείτηςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ participant identificationΛευιτῶν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἐφημερίαςephemeriaN1A APF · ἐφημερίαcommon noun within the clauseἐφημερία: meaning 'ephemeria'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

ἑκάστουeachA1 GSM · ἕκαστοςadjectival modifier→ relational specificationἕκαστος: meaning 'each'; it serves as adjectival modifier.

κατὰaccording to / againstP · κατάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦpronoun referring within the clause→ relational specificationἑαυτοῦ: meaning 'his own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring within the clause.

λειτουργίανservice / ministryN1A ASF · λειτουργίαcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationλειτουργία: meaning 'service'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.

ἱερεῦσινpriestsN3V DPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ sphere or referenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priests'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.

ΛευίταιςΛευείτηςN1M DPM · Λευείτηςcommon noun within the clause→ participant identificationΛευίταις: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common noun within the clause.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ὁλοκαύτωσινwhole burnt offeringN3I ASF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goalὁλοκαύτωσις: meaning 'whole burnt offering'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

θυσίανsacrificeN1A ASF · θυσίαcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationθυσία: meaning 'sacrifice'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

σωτηρίουpeace offeringN2N GSN · σωτήριονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationσωτήριον: meaning 'peace offering'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.

αἰνεῖνpraiseV2 PAN · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ infinitival complementαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.

ἐξομολογεῖσθαιgive thanks / confessV2 PMN · ὁμολογέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ infinitival complementὁμολογέω + ἐκ: meaning 'give thanks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.

λειτουργεῖνministerV2 PAN · λειτουργέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ infinitival complementλειτουργέω: meaning 'minister'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.

ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πύλαιςgatesN1 DPF · πύληhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceπύλη: meaning 'gates'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

αὐλαῖςcourtN1 DPF · αὐλήdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceαὐλή: meaning 'court'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.

οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.

κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.

καὶ μερὶς τοῦ βασιλέως ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων αὐτοῦ εἰς τὰς ὁλοκαυτώσεις τὴν πρωινὴν καὶ τὴν δειλινὴν καὶ ὁλοκαυτώσεις εἰς σάββατα καὶ εἰς τὰς νουμηνίας καὶ εἰς τὰς ἑορτὰς τὰς γεγραμμένας ἐν τῷ νόμῳ κυρίου

And the king's portion from his own possessions was for the burnt offerings, for the morning and evening burnt offerings, and for the burnt offerings of Sabbaths and new moons and appointed feasts, as it is written in the law of the Lord.

Royal support underwrites the regular offeringsκαὶ μερὶς

Hezekiah's reform includes personal financial commitment. The king binds himself to the law's calendar instead of merely commanding others.

Word-by-word analysis· 34 words

μερὶςportionN3D NSF · μερίςcommon noun within the clause→ participant prominenceμερίς: meaning 'portion'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominal element within the genealogical notice.

ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ὑπαρχόντωνact/doV1 · παπγπμ ἄρχω + ὑποparticiple→ participial/imperfectiveπαπγπμ ἄρχω + ὑπο: meaning 'act'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle.

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ὁλοκαυτώσειςburnt offeringN3I APF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ object specificationὁλοκαυτώσεις: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πρωινὴνmorningA1 ASF · πρωινόςattributive adjective (modifying θυσίαν: 'the morning offering')πρωινός: meaning 'morning'; it serves as attributive adjective (modifying θυσίαν: 'the morning offering').

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

δειλινὴνeveningA1 ASF · δειλινόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseδειλινός: meaning 'evening'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

σάββαταa sabbathN2N APN · σάββατονpredicate nominative (apposition: the technical term)σάββατον: meaning 'a sabbath'; it serves as predicate nominative (apposition: the technical term).

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

νουμηνίαςnew moonN1A APF · νουμηνίαgenitive of relationship (the new-moon offering)→ object specificationνουμηνία: meaning 'new moon'; it serves as genitive of relationship (the new-moon offering).

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἑορτὰςfeastsN1 APF · ἑορτήdirect object of ἐλάλησεν→ object specificationἑορτή: meaning 'feasts'; it serves as direct object of ἐλάλησεν.

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

γεγραμμέναςwrittenVP · χμπαπφ γράφωparticiple (attributive, modifying ἀράς: 'the curses written')χμπαπφ γράφω: meaning 'written'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle (attributive, modifying ἀράς: 'the curses written').

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

νόμῳlawN2 DSM · νόμοςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceνόμος: meaning 'law'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.

καὶ εἶπεν τῷ λαῷ τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν ἐν Ιερουσαλημ δοῦναι τὴν μερίδα τῶν ἱερέων καὶ τῶν Λευιτῶν ὅπως κατισχύσωσιν ἐν τῇ λειτουργίᾳ οἴκου κυρίου

And he told the people, those dwelling in Jerusalem, to give the portion of the priests and the Levites, so that they might be strengthened in the law of the Lord.

The people are summoned to sustain the ministersκαὶ εἶπεν

Provision for priests and Levites is treated as a means of strengthening Torah fidelity, not as a merely economic arrangement.

Word-by-word analysis· 23 words

εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ constative aoristεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςdative substantive or modifier marking relation, means, location, or interest→ sphere or referenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as dative substantive or modifier marking relation, means, location, or interest.

κατοικοῦσινinhabitantsV2 PAI3P · οἰκέω + καταfinite verb advancing the clause→ ongoing verbal processοἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'inhabitants'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.

δοῦναιgiveVO AAN · δίδωμιinfinitive complement within the clause→ infinitival complementδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive complement within the clause.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

μερίδαportion / shareN3D ASF · μερίςaccusative (predicative object: 'as their portion')→ object specificationμερίς: meaning 'portion'; it serves as accusative (predicative object: 'as their portion').

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ὅπωςoposC · ὅπωςproper name within the Solomonic royal or temple narrative→ discourse linkage or contrastὅπως: meaning 'opos'; it links clauses, phrases, or developments in the discourse.

κατισχύσωσινbe strengthenedVA AAS3P · ἰσχύω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseἰσχύω + κατα: meaning 'be strengthened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

λειτουργίᾳserviceN1A DSF · λειτουργίαnominal element carrying the clause or phraseλειτουργία: meaning 'service'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

καὶ ὡς προσέταξεν τὸν λόγον ἐπλεόνασαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἀπαρχὴν σίτου καὶ οἴνου καὶ ἐλαίου καὶ μέλιτος καὶ πᾶν γένημα ἀγροῦ καὶ ἐπιδέκατα πάντα εἰς πλῆθος ἤνεγκαν

And when the word spread abroad, the sons of Israel brought abundant firstfruits of grain, wine, oil, honey, and every produce of the field, and they brought in the tithe of everything in abundance.

The command is answered with abundanceκαὶ ὡς

The obedience of the people is immediate and generous. The piling up of produce terms stresses visible overflow rather than reluctant compliance.

Word-by-word analysis· 27 words

προσέταξενcommandedVAI AAI3S · τάσσω + προςverb of the relative clause (defining the transgression)τάσσω + προς: meaning 'commanded'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verb of the relative clause (defining the transgression).

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.

ἐπλεόνασανmultiplyVAI AAI3P · πλεονάζωmain verbal predicate→ aorist indicative summaryπλεονάζω: meaning 'multiply'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal predicate.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.

ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.

ἀπαρχὴνfirstfruits / first portionN1 ASF · ἀπαρχήdirect object of εἶδεν→ object specificationἀπαρχή: meaning 'firstfruits'; it serves as direct object of εἶδεν.

σίτουgrainN2 GSM · σῖτοςgenitive of content (fill with grain)→ relational specificationσῖτος: meaning 'grain'; it serves as genitive of content (fill with grain).

οἴνουwineN2 GSM · οἶνοςcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationοἶνος: meaning 'wine'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

ἐλαίουoilN2N GSN · ἔλαιονcommon noun within the clause→ relational specificationἔλαιον: meaning 'oil'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

μέλιτοςthan honeyN3T GSN · μέλιgenitive of comparison (with γλυκύτερον)→ zophar: brief triumph and bitter endμέλι: meaning 'than honey'; it serves as genitive of comparison (with γλυκύτερον).

πᾶνall / everyA3 NSN · πᾶςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.

γένημαyield / produceN3M NSN · γένημαobject of κατά (standard of restitution)γένημα: meaning 'yield'; it serves as object of κατά (standard of restitution).

ἀγροῦfieldN2 GSM · ἀγρόςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationἀγρός: meaning 'field'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.

ἐπιδέκαταtithesA1 APN · ἐπιδέκατοςappositional object→ coming Lord, judgment, remembrance, and the day to comeἐπιδέκατος: meaning 'tithes'; it serves as appositional object.

πλῆθοςmultitudeN3E ASN · πλῆθοςaccusative object or complement→ object specificationπλῆθος: meaning 'multitude'; it serves as accusative object or complement.

ἤνεγκανthey broughtVAI AAI3P · φέρωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristφέρω: meaning 'they brought'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ καὶ Ιουδα καὶ οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν Ιουδα καὶ αὐτοὶ ἤνεγκαν ἐπιδέκατα μόσχων καὶ προβάτων καὶ ἐπιδέκατα αἰγῶν καὶ ἡγίασαν τῷ κυρίῳ θεῷ αὐτῶν καὶ εἰσήνεγκαν καὶ ἔθηκαν σωροὺς σωρούς

And the sons of Israel and Judah, those dwelling in the cities of Judah, also brought the tithe of cattle and sheep, and the tithe of consecrated things that had been dedicated to the Lord their God, and they laid them in heaps, heaps.

The tithe extends from produce to herds and dedicated giftsοἱ υἱοὶ

The repeated 'heaps' gives the scene physical weight. The reform is now materially undeniable.

Word-by-word analysis· 34 words

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

κατοικοῦντεςdwellingV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + καταparticiple identifying the residence of the scribal families→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ οἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'dwelling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle identifying the residence of the scribal families.

ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

αὐτοὶhe / she / itRD NPM · αὐτόςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὶ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.

μόσχωνcalfN2 GPM · μόσχοςgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ speech, worship, and inward dispositionμόσχος: meaning 'calf'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.

προβάτωνsheepN2N GPN · πρόβατονgenitival dependent within the phrase→ relational specificationπρόβατον: meaning 'sheep'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.

αἰγῶνaixN3G GPM · αἴξgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationαἴξ: meaning 'aix'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.

ἡγίασανconsecrateVAI AAI3P · ἁγιάζωfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristἁγιάζω: meaning 'consecrate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.

θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative complement within the clause→ sphere or referenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as dative complement within the clause.

εἰσήνεγκανbring inVAI AAI3P · φέρω + εἰςfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristφέρω + εἰς: meaning 'bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.

ἔθηκανputVAI AAI3P · τίθημιfinite verb advancing the clause→ constative aoristτίθημι: meaning 'put'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

σωροὺςheapsN2 APM · σωρόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseσωρός: meaning 'heaps'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

σωρούςheapsN2 APM · σωρόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseσωρός: meaning 'heaps'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

ἐν τῷ μηνὶ τῷ τρίτῳ ἤρξαντο οἱ σωροὶ θεμελιοῦσθαι καὶ ἐν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ μηνὶ συνετελέσθησαν

In the third month they began to lay the foundations of the heaps, and in the seventh month they finished them.

The heaps accumulate across the festal seasonἐν τῷ

The dating ties the abundance to the liturgical calendar. Covenant obedience proves sustained rather than momentary.

Word-by-word analysis· 15 words

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

μηνὶmonthN3 DSM · μήνdative complement within the clause or phrase→ sphere or referenceμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as dative complement within the clause or phrase.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

τρίτῳthirdA1 DSM · τρίτοςordinal adjective (with εἰκοστῷ: 'twenty-third')→ sphere or referenceτρίτος: meaning 'third'; it serves as ordinal adjective (with εἰκοστῷ: 'twenty-third').

ἤρξαντοwould comeVAI AMI3P · ἄρχωparticiple or verbal form modifying the clause→ constative aoristἄρχω: meaning 'would come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle or verbal form modifying the clause.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

σωροὶheapsN2 NPM · σωρόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseσωρός: meaning 'heaps'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

θεμελιοῦσθαιto lay foundationsV4 PMN · θεμελιόωfinite verb advancing the clauseθεμελιόω: meaning 'to lay foundations'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἑβδόμῳseventhA1 DSM · ἕβδομοςordinal adjective in roster→ sphere or referenceἕβδομος: meaning 'seventh'; it serves as ordinal adjective in roster.

μηνὶmonthN3 DSM · μήνdative complement within the clause or phrase→ sphere or referenceμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as dative complement within the clause or phrase.

συνετελέσθησανwere completedVSI API3P · τελέω + συνmain verb (the close of the mourning period)→ eventτελέω + συν: meaning 'were completed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (the close of the mourning period).

καὶ ἦλθεν Εζεκιας καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες καὶ εἶδον τοὺς σωροὺς καὶ ηὐλόγησαν τὸν κύριον καὶ τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ Ισραηλ

And Hezekiah and the rulers came and saw the heaps, and they blessed the Lord and his people Israel.

The abundance evokes blessing rather than suspicionκαὶ ἦλθεν

The king reads the piles theologically: the proper response is praise to God and thanksgiving for the people whose obedience made them possible.

Word-by-word analysis· 19 words

ἦλθενcomeVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαιfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristἔρχομαι: meaning 'come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἄρχοντεςruler / commanderN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.

εἶδονseeVBI AAI3P · ὁράωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ constative aoristὁράω: meaning 'see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

σωροὺςheapsN2 APM · σωρόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseσωρός: meaning 'heaps'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

ηὐλόγησανblessedVAI AAI3P · εὐλογέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ constative aoristεὐλογέω: meaning 'blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.

ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name within the list or clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.

καὶ ἐπυνθάνετο Εζεκιας τῶν ἱερέων καὶ τῶν Λευιτῶν ὑπὲρ τῶν σωρῶν

And Hezekiah inquired of the priests and the Levites concerning the heaps.

The king seeks interpretation of the abundanceκαὶ ἐπυνθάνετο

Hezekiah does not merely admire what he sees. He asks for priestly explanation, keeping the reform anchored to sacred understanding.

Word-by-word analysis· 11 words

ἐπυνθάνετοhe inquiredV1I IMI3S · πυνθάνομαιfinite verb advancing the clauseπυνθάνομαι: meaning 'he inquired'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὲρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

σωρῶνof heapsN2 GPM · σωρόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseσωρός: meaning 'of heaps'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτὸν Αζαριας ὁ ἱερεὺς ὁ ἄρχων εἰς οἶκον Σαδωκ καὶ εἶπεν ἐξ οὗ ἦρκται ἡ ἀπαρχὴ φέρεσθαι εἰς οἶκον κυρίου ἐφάγομεν καὶ ἐπίομεν καὶ κατελίπομεν ὅτι κύριος ηὐλόγησεν τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ κατελίπομεν ἔτι τὸ πλῆθος τοῦτο

And Azariah the chief priest, of the house of Zadok, said to him, 'From the time they began to bring the contributions into the house of the Lord, we have eaten and been satisfied and have left over much, because the Lord has blessed his people; and this great abundance is what has been left over.'

Azariah explains the heaps as a sign of divine blessingκαὶ εἶπεν

The priest interprets surplus not as hoarding but as evidence that generosity under the Lord's blessing leaves both sufficiency and remainder.

Word-by-word analysis· 40 words

πρὸςto / towardP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.

αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.

ΑζαριαςAzariasN1T NSM · Αζαριαςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ participant identificationΑζαριας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element within the genealogical notice.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἱερεὺςpriestN3V NSM · ἱερεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἄρχωνruler / leaderN3 NSM · ἄρχωνcommon noun within the clause→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'ruler'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

ΣαδωκZadokN GSM · Σαδωκproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequenceΣαδωκ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.

οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependence→ relational specificationοὗ: meaning 'where'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.

ἦρκταιhas begunVM XMI3S · ἄρχωmain verb (perfect of inceptive state)→ perfect middleἄρχω: meaning 'has begun'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (perfect of inceptive state).

ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominal element within the genealogical notice→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the local noun phrase relation.

ἀπαρχὴfirstfruitN1 NSF · ἀπαρχήpredicate nominative (in apposition to τοῦτο)→ participant prominenceἀπαρχή: meaning 'firstfruit'; it serves as predicate nominative (in apposition to τοῦτο).

φέρεσθαιto endureV1 PMN · φέρωcomplementary infinitive (defining the σκληρός quality: 'hard to be borne')→ infinitival complementφέρω: meaning 'to endure'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as complementary infinitive (defining the σκληρός quality: 'hard to be borne').

οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

ἐφάγομενwe ateVBI AAI1P · ἐσθίωmain verbἐσθίω: meaning 'we ate'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb.

ἐπίομενwe have eatenVBI AAI1P · πίνωfinite verb advancing the clauseπίνω: meaning 'we have eaten'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

κατελίπομενwe leftVBI AAI1P · λείπω + καταmain verb (with οὐ: 'we left no survivor')λείπω + κατα: meaning 'we left'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (with οὐ: 'we left no survivor').

ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.

κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.

ηὐλόγησενhe blessedVAI AAI3S · εὐλογέωmain verb (the priestly blessing of Abram)→ prayerful trust and protectionεὐλογέω: meaning 'he blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (the priestly blessing of Abram).

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἔτιstill / moreoverD · ἔτιadverb or adverbial expression modifying the clause or predicate→ discourse linkage or contrastἔτι: meaning 'still'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πλῆθοςmultitudeN3E ASN · πλῆθοςaccusative object or complement→ object specificationπλῆθος: meaning 'multitude'; it serves as accusative object or complement.

τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.

καὶ εἶπεν Εζεκιας ἑτοιμάσαι παστοφόρια εἰς οἶκον κυρίου καὶ ἡτοίμασαν

And Hezekiah said that they should prepare chambers in the house of the Lord, and they prepared them.

Overflow requires ordered storageκαὶ εἶπεν

Abundance without stewardship would become disorder. The chapter therefore moves from blessing to administration.

Word-by-word analysis· 10 words

ἑτοιμάσαιetoimazoVA AAN · ἑτοιμάζωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose or complement→ infinitival complementἑτοιμάζω: meaning 'etoimazo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitival verbal form expressing purpose or complement.

παστοφόριαchamberN2N APN · παστοφόριονcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationπαστοφόριον: meaning 'chamber'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

ἡτοίμασανpreparedVAI AAI3P · ἑτοιμάζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἑτοιμάζω: meaning 'prepared'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.

καὶ εἰσήνεγκαν ἐκεῖ τὰς ἀπαρχὰς καὶ τὰ ἐπιδέκατα ἐν πίστει καὶ ἐπ' αὐτῶν ἐπιστάτης Χωνενιας ὁ Λευίτης καὶ Σεμεϊ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ διαδεχόμενος

And they brought in faithfully the contributions and the tithes and the consecrated things. And Conaniah the Levite was chief over them, and Shimei his brother was second.

Faithful officers are placed over the giftsκαὶ εἰσήνεγκαν

The adverb 'faithfully' matters: the Chronicler wants administrative integrity to be seen as part of holiness, not beneath it.

Word-by-word analysis· 23 words

ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἀπαρχὰςfirstfruitsN1 APF · ἀπαρχήdirect object of οἴσετε (third item)→ object specificationἀπαρχή: meaning 'firstfruits'; it serves as direct object of οἴσετε (third item).

πίστειgood faith / faithfulnessN3I DSF · πίστιςcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceπίστις: meaning 'good faith'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.

ἐπιστάτηςoverseerN1 GSM · ἐπιστάτηςpredicate nominative→ relational specificationἐπιστάτης: meaning 'overseer'; it serves as predicate nominative.

ΧωνενιαςchoneniasN1T NSM · Χωνενιαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemΧωνενιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ΛευίτηςLeviteN1M NSM · Λευείτηςsubject (coordinate; the landless cult-servant)Λευίτης: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as subject (coordinate; the landless cult-servant).

ΣεμεϊShimeiN NSM · Σεμεϊname-item in the genealogical registerΣεμεϊ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἀδελφὸςbrotherN2 NSM · ἀδελφόςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.

διαδεχόμενοςsecond / succeedingV1 · πμπνσμ δέχομαι + διαfinite verb advancing the clauseπμπνσμ δέχομαι + δια: meaning 'second'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

καὶ Ιιηλ καὶ Οζαζιας καὶ Ναεθ καὶ Ασαηλ καὶ Ιεριμωθ καὶ Ιωζαβαθ καὶ Ελιηλ καὶ Σαμαχια καὶ Μααθ καὶ Βαναιας καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ καθεσταμένοι διὰ Χωνενιου καὶ Σεμεϊ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ καθὼς προσέταξεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Εζεκιας καὶ Αζαριας ὁ ἡγούμενος οἴκου κυρίου

And Jehiel and Azaziah and Nahath and Asahel and Jerimoth and Jozabad and Eliel and Ismachiah and Mahath and Benaiah were overseers under the hand of Conaniah and Shimei his brother, by the appointment of Hezekiah the king and Azariah the ruler of the house of God.

A chain of oversight is carefully namedκαὶ Ιιηλ

The long list of officers shows that ordered worship depends on trustworthy human structures as well as spiritual intention.

Word-by-word analysis· 43 words

ΙιηλJeielN NSM · Ιιηλsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ participant identificationΙιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.

ΟζαζιαςAzaziahN1T NSM · Οζαζιαςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseΟζαζιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

ΝαεθNahathN NSM · Ναεθproper name within the narrative or administrative registerΝαεθ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the narrative or administrative register.

ΑσαηλAsahelN NSM · Ασαηλproper name within the genealogical or territorial registerΑσαηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the genealogical or territorial register.

ΙεριμωθJeremothN NSM · Ιεριμωθname-item in the genealogical registerΙεριμωθ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.

ΙωζαβαθIozabathN NSM · Ιωζαβαθproper name within the list or clauseΙωζαβαθ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the list or clause.

ΕλιηλElielN NSM · Ελιηλproper-name item in the genealogical chainΕλιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper-name item in the genealogical chain.

ΣαμαχιαIsmachiahN1 NSM · Σαμαχιαnominal element carrying the clause or phraseΣαμαχια: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

ΜααθMaathN NSM · Μααθcommon term within the clauseΜααθ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as common term within the clause.

ΒαναιαςBenaiahN1T NSM · Βαναιαςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list itemΒαναιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

καθεσταμένοιappointed officersVMI XMPNPM I(/STHMI KATAfinite verb advancing the clauseκαθεσταμένοι: meaning 'appointed officers'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.

ΧωνενιουConaniahN1 GSM · Χωνενιαnominal element carrying the clause or phraseΧωνενιου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

ΣεμεϊShimeiN NSM · Σεμεϊname-item in the genealogical registerΣεμεϊ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἀδελφοῦbrotherN2 GSM · ἀδελφόςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

καθὼςjust asD · καθώςparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse linkage or contrastκαθὼς: meaning 'just as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἡγούμενοςleadV2 · πμπνσμ ἡγέομαιparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressπμπνσμ ἡγέομαι: meaning 'lead'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.

καὶ Κωρη ὁ τοῦ Ιεμνα ὁ Λευίτης ὁ πυλωρὸς κατὰ ἀνατολὰς ἐπὶ τῶν δομάτων δοῦναι τὰς ἀπαρχὰς κυρίῳ καὶ τὰ ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων

And Kore son of Imnah the Levite, the keeper of the east gate, was over the voluntary offerings of God, to distribute the contributions of the Lord and the most holy things.

Gatekeeping and distribution are joined in one officeκαὶ Κωρη

Kore's role links access to the sanctuary with honest disbursement, showing that sacred goods must be guarded and shared rightly.

Word-by-word analysis· 23 words

ΚωρηKoreN NSM · Κωρηproper name or indeclinable itemΚωρη: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name or indeclinable item.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ΙεμναImnahN GSM · Ιεμναname-item in the genealogical registerΙεμνα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πυλωρὸςpylorosN2 NSM · πυλωρόςcommon noun within the clauseπυλωρός: meaning 'pyloros'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

ἀνατολὰςeastN1 APF · ἀνατολήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀνατολή: meaning 'east'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.

ἐπὶon/upon/againstP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'on'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.

τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.

δομάτωνof giftsN3M GPN · δόμαgenitive (partitive/of source: firstfruit of their gifts)→ relational specificationδόμα: meaning 'of gifts'; it serves as genitive (partitive/of source: firstfruit of their gifts).

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἅγιαholyA1A APN · ἅγιοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.

ἁγίωνholyA1A GPN · ἅγιοςgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.

διὰ χειρὸς Οδομ καὶ Βενιαμιν καὶ Ἰησοῦς καὶ Σεμεϊ καὶ Αμαριας καὶ Σεχονιας διὰ χειρὸς τῶν ἱερέων ἐν πίστει δοῦναι τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς αὐτῶν κατὰ τὰς ἐφημερίας κατὰ τὸν μέγαν καὶ τὸν μικρὸν

And under his hand were Eden and Miniamin and Jeshua and Shemaiah and Amariah and Shecaniah in the cities of the priests, in faithfulness to give portions to their brothers by divisions, to great and small alike.

The distribution network reaches the priestly townsδιὰ χειρὸς

The reform is not Jerusalem-only. The same faithful administration extends outward so that rank does not distort provision.

Word-by-word analysis· 32 words

χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.

ΟδομEdomN GSM · Οδομproper name within the narrative or administrative registerΟδομ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name within the narrative or administrative register.

ΒενιαμινBenjaminN NSM · Βενιαμίνname-item in the genealogical register→ participant identificationΒενιαμιν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.

ἸησοῦςJoshuaN NSM · Ἰησοῦςsubject→ participant identificationἸησοῦς: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as subject.

ΣεμεϊShimeiN NSM · Σεμεϊname-item in the genealogical registerΣεμεϊ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as name-item in the genealogical register.

ΑμαριαςAmariahN1T NSM · Αμαριαςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionΑμαριας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.

ΣεχονιαςShecaniahN1T NSM · Σεχονιαςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseΣεχονιας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πίστειgood faith / faithfulnessN3I DSF · πίστιςcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceπίστις: meaning 'good faith'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

ἀδελφοῖςadelphosN2 DPM · ἀδελφόςdative complement within the clause or phrase→ sphere or referenceἀδελφός: meaning 'adelphos'; it serves as dative complement within the clause or phrase.

τὰςthe (ones)RA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἐφημερίαςephemeriaN1A APF · ἐφημερίαcommon noun within the clauseἐφημερία: meaning 'ephemeria'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

μέγανmegasA1P ASM · μέγαςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationμέγας: meaning 'megas'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

μικρὸνsmall / insignificantA1A ASM · μικρόςadjectival modifier→ object specificationμικρός: meaning 'small'; it serves as adjectival modifier.

ἐκτὸς τῆς ἐπιγονῆς τῶν ἀρσενικῶν ἀπὸ τριετοῦς καὶ ἐπάνω παντὶ τῷ εἰσπορευομένῳ εἰς οἶκον κυρίου εἰς λόγον ἡμερῶν εἰς ἡμέραν εἰς λειτουργίαν ἐφημερίαις διατάξεως αὐτῶν

Apart from those enrolled by genealogy, every male from three years old and upward, everyone entering the house of the Lord according to the daily matter for his service in his charges by their divisions.

Genealogical enrollment protects regular serviceἐκτὸς τῆς

The verse ties provision to documented membership and daily duty, emphasizing ordered access rather than vague entitlement.

Word-by-word analysis· 25 words

ἐκτὸςbesidesP · ἐκτόςpreposition→ spatial or relational framingἐκτὸς: meaning 'besides'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἐπιγονῆςἐπιγονήN1 GSF · ἐπιγονήnominal element carrying the clause or phraseἐπιγονή: meaning 'ἐπιγονή'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἀρσενικῶνἀρσενικόςA1 GPM · ἀρσενικόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseἀρσενικός: meaning 'ἀρσενικός'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

τριετοῦςτριετήςA3 GSM · τριετήςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseτριετής: meaning 'τριετής'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

ἐπάνωepanoD · ἐπάνωproper name within the Solomonic royal or temple narrative→ discourse linkage or contrastἐπάνω: meaning 'epano'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.

παντὶallA3 DSM · πᾶςdat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

εἰσπορευομένῳπμπνσμ πορεύομαιV1 · πμπδσμ πορεύομαι + εἰςparticiple or verbal form modifying the clauseπμπδσμ πορεύομαι + εἰς: meaning 'πμπνσμ πορεύομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle or verbal form modifying the clause.

οἶκονhouse / householdN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.

ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.

ἐφημερίαιςephemeriaN1A DPF · ἐφημερίαcommon noun within the clauseἐφημερία: meaning 'ephemeria'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

διατάξεωςδιάταξιςN3I GPF · διάταξιςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseδιάταξις: meaning 'διάταξις'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

οὗτος ὁ καταλοχισμὸς τῶν ἱερέων κατ' οἴκους πατριῶν καὶ οἱ Λευῖται ἐν ταῖς ἐφημερίαις αὐτῶν ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς καὶ ἐπάνω ἐν διατάξει

And there was the enrollment of the priests according to their fathers' houses, and of the Levites from twenty years old and upward in their charges by their divisions.

Priestly and Levitical service is stabilized by proper recordsοὗτος ὁ

The reform is shown as administratively competent. Genealogy and age thresholds keep service regular and accountable.

Word-by-word analysis· 21 words

οὗτοςthis oneRD NSM · οὗτοςnominal element within the genealogical notice→ participant referenceοὗτος: meaning 'this one'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nominal element within the genealogical notice.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

καταλοχισμὸςgenealogical enrollmentN2 NSM · καταλοχισμόςnominative head term or subject complementκαταλοχισμός: meaning 'genealogical enrollment'; it serves as nominative head term or subject complement.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

κατ'againstP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατ': meaning 'against'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.

οἴκουςhousesN2 APM · οἶκοςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'houses'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.

πατριῶνfather-house / clanN1A GPF · πατριάgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationπατριά: meaning 'father-house'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ΛευῖταιLeviteN1M NPM · Λευείτηςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or listed item→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or listed item.

ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἐφημερίαιςephemeriaN1A DPF · ἐφημερίαcommon noun within the clauseἐφημερία: meaning 'ephemeria'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

εἰκοσαετοῦςtwenty years oldA3H GSM · εἰκοσαετήςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationεἰκοσαετής: meaning 'twenty years old'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.

διατάξειδιάταξιςN3I DSF · διάταξιςnominal element carrying the clause or phrase→ sphere or referenceδιάταξις: meaning 'διάταξις'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

ἐν καταλοχίαις ἐν πάσῃ ἐπιγονῇ υἱῶν αὐτῶν καὶ θυγατέρων αὐτῶν εἰς πᾶν τὸ πλῆθος ὅτι ἐν πίστει ἥγνισαν τὸ ἅγιον

and the enrollment of all their little children, their wives, their sons, and their daughters, for all the assembly, because in their faithfulness they sanctified themselves in holiness.

Those dependent on the ministers are included in the holy economyἐν καταλοχίαις

The chapter refuses to separate cult from household life. The ministers' families are sustained because holiness is lived corporately.

Word-by-word analysis· 20 words

καταλοχίαιςκαταλοχίαA1A DPF · καταλοχίαnominal element carrying the clause or phraseκαταλοχία: meaning 'καταλοχία'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

πάσῃallA3 DSF · πᾶςattributive adjective (with γῇ)πᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as attributive adjective (with γῇ).

ἐπιγονῇἐπιγονήN1 DSF · ἐπιγονήnominal element carrying the clause or phraseἐπιγονή: meaning 'ἐπιγονή'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.

θυγατέρωνdaughterN3 GPF · θυγάτηρgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughter'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.

πᾶνall / everyA3 ASN · πᾶςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πλῆθοςmultitudeN3E ASN · πλῆθοςaccusative object or complement→ object specificationπλῆθος: meaning 'multitude'; it serves as accusative object or complement.

πίστειgood faith / faithfulnessN3I DSF · πίστιςcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceπίστις: meaning 'good faith'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

ἥγνισανhagnistheteVAI AAI3P · ἁγνίζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forwardἁγνίζω: meaning 'hagnisthete'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

ἅγιονholyA1A ASN · ἅγιοςdat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as dat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.

τοῖς υἱοῖς Ααρων τοῖς ἱερατεύουσιν καὶ οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων αὐτῶν ἐν πάσῃ πόλει καὶ πόλει ἄνδρες οἳ ὠνομάσθησαν ἐν ὀνόματι δοῦναι μερίδα παντὶ ἀρσενικῷ ἐν τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν καὶ παντὶ καταριθμουμένῳ ἐν τοῖς Λευίταις

And for the sons of Aaron, the priests, in the pasture-lands of their cities, in every city, there were men designated by name to give portions to every male among the priests and to all who were enrolled among the Levites.

Provision is extended even to priests in outlying settlementsτοῖς υἱοῖς

Named agents ensure that no priestly household is forgotten. Administrative exactness serves covenant fairness.

Word-by-word analysis· 34 words

υἱοῖςsonN2 DPM · υἱόςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.

ΑαρωνAaronN GSM · Ἀαρώνancestor-name in the priestly succession→ discourse linkage or contrastΑαρων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as ancestor-name in the priestly succession.

ἱερατεύουσινἱερατεύωV1 PAI3P · ἱερατεύωfinite verb advancing the clauseἱερατεύω: meaning 'ἱερατεύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

τῶνthe (who are)RA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

πόλεωνcityN3I GPF · πόλιςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.

πάσῃallA3 DSF · πᾶςattributive adjective (with γῇ)πᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as attributive adjective (with γῇ).

πόλειcityN3I DSF · πόλιςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ sphere or referenceπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.

ἄνδρεςmenN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominative head term or subject complement→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'men'; it serves as nominative head term or subject complement.

οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ participant referenceοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.

ὠνομάσθησανonomasthesanVCI API3P · ὀνομάζωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ verbal form contributing the clause’s actionὀνομάζω: meaning 'onomasthesan'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.

ὀνόματιnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.

ἀρσενικῷἀρσενικόςA1 DSM · ἀρσενικόςnominal element carrying the clause or phraseἀρσενικός: meaning 'ἀρσενικός'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.

καταριθμουμένῳκαταV2 · πμπδσμ ἀριθμέω + καταfinite verb advancing the clauseπμπδσμ ἀριθμέω + κατα: meaning 'κατα'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

καὶ ἐποίησεν οὕτως Εζεκιας ἐν παντὶ Ιουδα καὶ ἐποίησεν τὸ καλὸν καὶ τὸ εὐθὲς ἐναντίον τοῦ κυρίου θεοῦ αὐτοῦ

And Hezekiah did thus in all Judah, and he did what was good and right and faithful before the Lord his God.

The chapter condenses the whole reform into a moral verdictκαὶ ἐποίησεν

The threefold evaluation names the quality of Hezekiah's reign. Reform is judged by covenant fidelity, not by spectacle alone.

Word-by-word analysis· 19 words

ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.

οὕτωςthus / soD · οὕτωςadverbial modifier within the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.

Ιουδαof JudahN DSM · Ἰουδάproper name or indeclinable item→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name or indeclinable item.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

καλὸνgoodA1 ASN · καλόςpredicate adjective (parallel to πονηρόν)→ object specificationκαλός: meaning 'good'; it serves as predicate adjective (parallel to πονηρόν).

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

εὐθὲςuprightA3H ASN · εὐθήςcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationεὐθής: meaning 'upright'; it serves as common noun within the clause.

ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐναντίον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.

καὶ ἐν παντὶ ἔργῳ ἐν ᾧ ἤρξατο ἐν ἐργασίᾳ ἐν οἴκῳ κυρίου καὶ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ καὶ ἐν τοῖς προστάγμασιν ἐξεζήτησεν τὸν θεὸν αὐτοῦ ἐξ ὅλης ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐποίησεν καὶ εὐοδώθη

And in every work that he began in the service of the house of the Lord and in the law and in the commandments, to seek his God, he acted with all his heart and prospered.

Wholehearted seeking explains the king's prosperityκαὶ ἐν

The final verse interprets success as the fruit of integrated devotion: temple service, law, commandment, and heart all belong together.

Word-by-word analysis· 32 words

παντὶall / everyA3 DSN · πᾶςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.

ἔργῳworkN2N DSN · ἔργονdative object of ἐν (sphere of activity)→ sphere or referenceἔργον: meaning 'work'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (sphere of activity).

ᾧwhich / whoRR DSN · ὅςdat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant reference or interestᾧ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.

ἤρξατοbegin / ruleVAI AMI3S · ἄρχωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ perfectiveἄρχω: meaning 'begin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.

ἐργασίᾳworkN1A DSF · ἐργασίαdative complement→ sphere or referenceἐργασία: meaning 'work'; it serves as dative complement.

οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁdat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dat pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.

προστάγμασινordinancesN3M DPN · πρόσταγμαdative of place (sphere of walking)→ sphere or referenceπρόσταγμα: meaning 'ordinances'; it serves as dative of place (sphere of walking).

ἐξεζήτησενζητέωVAI AAI3S · ζητέω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the clause→ aorist infinitive (purpose of the coming)ζητέω + ἐκ: meaning 'ζητέω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.

θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.

ὅληςwholeA1 GSF · ὅλοςattributive adjective (modifying κρηπῖδος)→ relational specificationὅλος: meaning 'whole'; it serves as attributive adjective (modifying κρηπῖδος).

ψυχῆςlife / soulN1 GSF · ψυχήgenitive governed by ἀντί→ relational specificationψυχή: meaning 'life'; it serves as genitive governed by ἀντί.

εὐοδώθηprosperVC API3S · εὐοδόωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aorist passive of successful progressεὐοδόω: meaning 'prosper'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.

2 Chronicles 31ΠΑΡΑΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ Β′ ΛΑ′

Theme

Translation & textual notes