1
καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν μηνὶ Νισαν ἔτους εἰκοστοῦ Αρθασασθα βασιλεῖ καὶ ἦν ὁ οἶνος ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ καὶ ἔλαβον τὸν οἶνον καὶ ἔδωκα τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἕτερος ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ
And it happened in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, that wine was before me; and I took the wine and gave it to the king. Now I had not been sad in his presence before.
A routine act of cupbearing becomes the occasion for the restoration mission to begin.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐγένετοbecome / happenVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateγίγνομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
μηνὶmonthN3 DSM · μήνdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectμήν: 'month'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΝισανNisanN DSM · Νισανproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerNisan: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔτουςyearN3E GSN · ἔτοςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἔτος: 'year'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰκοστοῦeikostosA1 GSN · εἰκοστόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionεἰκοστός: 'eikostos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΑρθασασθαArtaxerxesN DSM · Αρθασασθαproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerArthasastha: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἦνeimiV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
οἶνοςwineN2 NSM · οἶνοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateοἶνος: 'wine'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνώπιονenopionP · ἐνώπιονpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐνώπιον: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ἐμοῦegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔλαβονlambanoVBI AAI1S · λαμβάνωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateλαμβάνω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
οἶνονwineN2 ASM · οἶνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶνος: 'wine'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔδωκαgiveVAI AAI1S · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἦνeimiV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἕτεροςeterosA1A NSM · ἕτεροςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἕτερος: 'eteros'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνώπιονenopionP · ἐνώπιονpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐνώπιον: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
αὐτοῦaytosRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
2
καὶ εἶπέν μοι ὁ βασιλεύς διὰ τί τὸ πρόσωπόν σου πονηρὸν καὶ οὐκ εἶ μετριάζων οὐκ ἔστιν τοῦτο εἰ μὴ πονηρία καρδίας καὶ ἐφοβήθην πολὺ σφόδρα
And the king said to me, 'Why is your face sad, though you are not sick? This is nothing other than sorrow of heart.' Then I was very greatly afraid.
Artaxerxes' question exposes the risk of Nehemiah's sadness and forces the next step.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπένeiponVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μοιegoRP DS · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεύςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition introducing its complement phraseδιά: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τίtisRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτίς: 'tis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
πρόσωπόνfaceN2N NSN · πρόσωπονnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπρόσωπον: 'face'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
σουsyRP GS · σύgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πονηρὸνponerosA1A NSN · πονηρόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπονηρός: 'poneros'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶeimiV9 PAI2S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μετριάζωνmetriazoV1 · παπνσμ μετριάζωparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionμετριάζω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔστινeimiV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦτοoytosRD NSN · οὗτοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateοὗτος: 'oytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰeiC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsεἰ: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseμή: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πονηρίαponeriaN1A NSF · πονηρίαnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπονηρία: 'poneria'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καρδίαςheartN1A GSF · καρδίαgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionκαρδία: 'heart'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐφοβήθηνphobeoVCI API1S · φοβέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateφοβέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πολὺpolysA3U ASN · πολύςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπολύς: 'polys'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
σφόδραsphodraD · σφόδραadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseσφόδρα: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
3
καὶ εἶπα τῷ βασιλεῖ ὁ βασιλεὺς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ζήτω διὰ τί οὐ μὴ γένηται πονηρὸν τὸ πρόσωπόν μου διότι ἡ πόλις οἶκος μνημείων πατέρων μου ἠρημώθη καὶ αἱ πύλαι αὐτῆς κατεβρώθησαν ἐν πυρί
And I said to the king, 'May the king live forever. Why should my face not be sad, when the city, the house of the tombs of my fathers, has been laid waste, and its gates have been consumed with fire?'
He frames the city's devastation through filial memory and royal courtesy.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπαeiponVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA VSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V VSM · βασιλεύςnominal term functioning within the local clause or phraseβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
αἰῶναaionN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object or goalαἰών: 'aion'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ζήτωzeteoV2 PAD3S · ζητέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateζητέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
διὰthrough / because ofP · διάpreposition introducing its complement phraseδιά: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τίtisRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτίς: 'tis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseμή: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
γένηταιbecome / happenVB AMS3S · γίγνομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateγίγνομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πονηρὸνponerosA1A NSN · πονηρόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπονηρός: 'poneros'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
πρόσωπόνfaceN2N NSN · πρόσωπονnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπρόσωπον: 'face'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μουegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
διότιdiotiC · διότιconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsδιότι: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπόλις: 'city'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateοἶκος: 'house'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μνημείωνmnemeionN2N GPN · μνημεῖονgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionμνημεῖον: 'mnemeion'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πατέρωνpaterN3 GPM · πατήρgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπατήρ: 'pater'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μουegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἠρημώθηeremooVCI API3S · ἐρημόωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἐρημόω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πύλαιgateN1 NPF · πύληnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτῆςaytosRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
κατεβρώθησανbibrosko + kataVCI API3P · βιβρώσκω + καταverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateβιβρώσκω + κατα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
πυρίfireN3 DSN · πῦρdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectπῦρ: 'fire'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
4
καὶ εἶπέν μοι ὁ βασιλεύς περὶ τίνος τοῦτο σὺ ζητεῖς καὶ προσηυξάμην πρὸς τὸν θεὸν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ
And the king said to me, 'For what is this that you seek?' Then I prayed to the God of heaven,
Before answering the king's question fully, Nehemiah turns upward in dependence.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπένeiponVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μοιegoRP DS · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεύςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
περὶconcerningP · περίpreposition introducing its complement phraseπερί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τίνοςtisRI GSN · τίςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionτίς: 'tis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦτοoytosRD ASN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοὗτος: 'oytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
σὺsyRP NS · σύnominative element functioning as subject or predicateσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ζητεῖςzeteoV2 PAI2S · ζητέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateζητέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
προσηυξάμηνeychomai + prosVAI AMI1S · εὔχομαι + προςverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεὔχομαι + προς: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition introducing its complement phraseπρός: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
θεὸνGodN2 ASM · θεόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalθεός: 'God'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionοὐρανός: 'heaven'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
5
καὶ εἶπα τῷ βασιλεῖ εἰ ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα ἀγαθόν καὶ εἰ ἀγαθυνθήσεται ὁ παῖς σου ἐνώπιόν σου ὥστε πέμψαι αὐτὸν εἰς Ιουδα εἰς πόλιν μνημείων πατέρων μου καὶ ἀνοικοδομήσω αὐτήν
and I said to the king, 'If it seems good to the king, and if your servant has been favored before you, send me to Judah, to the city of the tombs of my fathers, and I will rebuild it.'
The request is personal, ancestral, and practical all at once.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπαeiponVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰeiC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsεἰ: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object or goalβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀγαθόνgoodA1 ASM · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀγαθός: 'good'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰeiC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsεἰ: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀγαθυνθήσεταιagathynoVC FPI3S · ἀγαθύνωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἀγαθύνω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
παῖςservant / childN3D NSM · παῖςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπαῖς: 'servant / child'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
σουsyRP GS · σύgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνώπιόνenopionP · ἐνώπιονpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐνώπιον: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
σουsyRP GS · σύgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὥστεosteC · ὥστεconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsὥστε: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πέμψαιpempoVA AAN · πέμπωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateπέμπω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτὸνaytosRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ΙουδαJudahN ASM · Ἰουδάproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIoyda: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπόλις: 'city'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μνημείωνmnemeionN2N GPN · μνημεῖονgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionμνημεῖον: 'mnemeion'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πατέρωνpaterN3 GPM · πατήρgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπατήρ: 'pater'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μουegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀνοικοδομήσωoikodomeo + anaVF FAI1S · οἰκοδομέω + ἀναverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateοἰκοδομέω + ἀνα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτήνaytosRD ASF · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
6
καὶ εἶπέν μοι ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ ἡ παλλακὴ ἡ καθημένη ἐχόμενα αὐτοῦ ἕως πότε ἔσται ἡ πορεία σου καὶ πότε ἐπιστρέψεις καὶ ἠγαθύνθη ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἀπέστειλέν με καὶ ἔδωκα αὐτῷ ὅρον
And the king said to me, with the queen seated beside him, 'How long will your journey be, and when will you return?' And it pleased the king to send me, and I gave him a time.
Royal favor becomes concrete authorization rather than vague goodwill.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπένeiponVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μοιegoRP DS · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
παλλακὴpallakeN1 NSF · παλλακήnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπαλλακή: 'pallake'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καθημένηpmpnsph emai + kataV5 · πμπνσφ ἧμαι + καταverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateπμπνσφ ἧμαι + κατα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐχόμεναechoV1 · πμπαπν ἔχωparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionἔχω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτοῦaytosRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἕωςeosD · ἕωςadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseἕως: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πότεpoteD · πότεadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseπότε: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔσταιeimiVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πορείαporeiaN1A NSF · πορείαnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπορεία: 'poreia'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
σουsyRP GS · σύgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πότεpoteD · πότεadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseπότε: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπιστρέψειςstrepho + epiVF FAI2S · στρέφω + ἐπιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateστρέφω + ἐπι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἠγαθύνθηagathynoVCI API3S · ἀγαθύνωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἀγαθύνω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνώπιονenopionD · ἐνώπιονadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseἐνώπιον: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀπέστειλένstello + apoVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἀποverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateστέλλω + ἀπο: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μεegoRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔδωκαgiveVAI AAI1S · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτῷaytosRD DSM · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὅρονorosN2 ASM · ὅροςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅρος: 'oros'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
7
καὶ εἶπα τῷ βασιλεῖ εἰ ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα ἀγαθόν δότω μοι ἐπιστολὰς πρὸς τοὺς ἐπάρχους πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ ὥστε παραγαγεῖν με ἕως ἔλθω ἐπὶ Ιουδαν
And I said to the king, 'If it seems good to the king, let letters be given to me for the governors Beyond the River, so that they may convey me safely until I come to Judah,
The mission is prepared administratively as well as spiritually.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπαeiponVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰeiC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsεἰ: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object or goalβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀγαθόνgoodA1 ASM · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀγαθός: 'good'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
δότωgiveVO AAD3S · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μοιegoRP DS · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπιστολὰςletterN1 APF · ἐπιστολήaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐπιστολή: 'letter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition introducing its complement phraseπρός: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπάρχουςeparchosN2 APM · ἔπαρχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔπαρχος: 'eparchos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πέρανperanD · πέρανadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseπέραν: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ποταμοῦpotamosN2 GSM · ποταμόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionποταμός: 'potamos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὥστεosteC · ὥστεconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsὥστε: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
παραγαγεῖνago + paraVB AAN · ἄγω + παραparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionἄγω + παρα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μεegoRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἕωςeosC · ἕωςconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsἕως: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔλθωcomeVB AAS1S · ἔρχομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἔρχομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ΙουδανIoydanN1T ASM · Ἰούδαςproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIoydan: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
8
καὶ ἐπιστολὴν ἐπὶ Ασαφ φύλακα τοῦ παραδείσου ὅς ἐστιν τῷ βασιλεῖ ὥστε δοῦναί μοι ξύλα στεγάσαι τὰς πύλας καὶ εἰς τὸ τεῖχος τῆς πόλεως καὶ εἰς οἶκον ὃν εἰσελεύσομαι εἰς αὐτόν καὶ ἔδωκέν μοι ὁ βασιλεὺς ὡς χεὶρ θεοῦ ἡ ἀγαθή
and a letter to Asaph, keeper of the king's park, that he may give me timber to roof the gates of the fortress belonging to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house into which I shall enter.' And the king gave them to me, according to the good hand of God upon me.
The good hand of God is explicitly named as the cause behind royal provision.
Word-by-word analysis· 41 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπιστολὴνletterN1 ASF · ἐπιστολήaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐπιστολή: 'letter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ΑσαφAsaphN ASM · Ασαφproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerAsaph: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
φύλακαphylaxN3K ASM · φύλαξaccusative element functioning as object or goalφύλαξ: 'phylax'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
παραδείσουparadeisosN2 GSM · παράδεισοςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπαράδεισος: 'paradeisos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὅςosRR NSM · ὅςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateὅς: 'os'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐστινeimiV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὥστεosteC · ὥστεconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsὥστε: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
δοῦναίgiveVO AAN · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μοιegoRP DS · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ξύλαtimber / woodN2N APN · ξύλονaccusative element functioning as object or goalξύλον: 'timber / wood'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
στεγάσαιstegazoVA AAN · στεγάζωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateστεγάζω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πύλαςgateN1 APF · πύληaccusative element functioning as object or goalπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
τεῖχοςwallN3E ASN · τεῖχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτεῖχος: 'wall'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπόλις: 'city'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶκος: 'house'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὃνosRR ASM · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅς: 'os'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰσελεύσομαιerchomai + eisVF FMI1S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἔρχομαι + εἰς: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
αὐτόνaytosRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔδωκένgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μοιegoRP DS · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὡςas / whenC · ὡςconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsὡς: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
χεὶρhandN3 NSF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject or predicateχείρ: 'hand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionθεός: 'God'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀγαθήgoodA1 NSF · ἀγαθόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἀγαθός: 'good'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
9
καὶ ἦλθον πρὸς τοὺς ἐπάρχους πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ καὶ ἔδωκα αὐτοῖς τὰς ἐπιστολὰς τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἀπέστειλεν μετ' ἐμοῦ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἀρχηγοὺς δυνάμεως καὶ ἱππεῖς
And I came to the governors Beyond the River and gave them the king's letters. And the king had sent with me officers of the army and horsemen.
Imperial backing accompanies the mission into the western provinces.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἦλθονcomeVBI AAI1S · ἔρχομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἔρχομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition introducing its complement phraseπρός: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπάρχουςeparchosN2 APM · ἔπαρχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔπαρχος: 'eparchos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πέρανperanD · πέρανadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseπέραν: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ποταμοῦpotamosN2 GSM · ποταμόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionποταμός: 'potamos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔδωκαgiveVAI AAI1S · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτοῖςaytosRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπιστολὰςletterN1 APF · ἐπιστολήaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐπιστολή: 'letter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀπέστειλενstello + apoVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἀποverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateστέλλω + ἀπο: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μετ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phraseμετά: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ἐμοῦegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀρχηγοὺςarchegosN2 APM · ἀρχηγόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀρχηγός: 'archegos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
δυνάμεωςdynamisN3I GSF · δύναμιςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionδύναμις: 'dynamis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἱππεῖςippeysN3V NPM · ἱππεύςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἱππεύς: 'ippeys'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
10
καὶ ἤκουσεν Σαναβαλλατ ὁ Αρωνι καὶ Τωβια ὁ δοῦλος ὁ Αμμωνι καὶ πονηρὸν αὐτοῖς ἐγένετο ὅτι ἥκει ἄνθρωπος ζητῆσαι ἀγαθὸν τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ
And Sanballat the Horonite heard, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and it was evil to them that a man had come to seek the good of the sons of Israel.
Opposition appears as soon as the welfare of Jerusalem begins to be pursued.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἤκουσενakoyoVAI AAI3S · ἀκούωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἀκούω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΣαναβαλλατSanballatN NSM · Σαναβαλλατproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerSanaballat: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΑρωνιAroniN NSM · Αρωνιproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerAroni: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΤωβιαTobiahN NSM · Τωβιαproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerTobia: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
δοῦλοςservant / slaveN2 NSM · δοῦλοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateδοῦλος: 'servant / slave'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΑμμωνιAmmoniN NSM · Αμμωνιproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerAmmoni: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πονηρὸνponerosA1A ASM · πονηρόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπονηρός: 'poneros'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτοῖςaytosRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐγένετοbecome / happenVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateγίγνομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὅτιbecause / thatC · ὅτιconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsὅτι: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἥκειekoV1 PAI3S · ἥκωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἥκω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἄνθρωποςmanN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἄνθρωπος: 'man'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ζητῆσαιzeteoVA AAN · ζητέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateζητέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀγαθὸνgoodA1 ASN · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀγαθός: 'good'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
υἱοῖςsonN2 DPM · υἱόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectυἱός: 'son'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
11
καὶ ἦλθον εἰς Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ἤμην ἐκεῖ ἡμέρας τρεῖς
And I came to Jerusalem and was there three days.
The brief delay creates space for assessment before public speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἦλθονcomeVBI AAI1S · ἔρχομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἔρχομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIeroysalem: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἤμηνeimiV9 IMI1S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐκεῖekeiD · ἐκεῖadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseἐκεῖ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡμέραςdayN1A APF · ἡμέραaccusative element functioning as object or goalἡμέρα: 'day'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τρεῖςtreisM APF · τρεῖςnominal term functioning within the local clause or phraseτρεῖς: 'treis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
12
καὶ ἀνέστην νυκτὸς ἐγὼ καὶ ἄνδρες ὀλίγοι μετ' ἐμοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἀπήγγειλα ἀνθρώπῳ τί ὁ θεὸς δίδωσιν εἰς καρδίαν μου τοῦ ποιῆσαι μετὰ τοῦ Ισραηλ καὶ κτῆνος οὐκ ἔστιν μετ' ἐμοῦ εἰ μὴ τὸ κτῆνος ᾧ ἐγὼ ἐπιβαίνω ἐπ' αὐτῷ
Then I rose in the night, I and a few men with me, and I told no one what God had put into my heart to do for Israel; and there was no beast with me except the beast on which I rode.
Nehemiah shares his plan with only a few men, keeping the mission protected while he inspects the city.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀνέστηνistemi + anaVHI AAI1S · ἵστημι + ἀναverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἵστημι + ἀνα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
νυκτὸςnyxN3 GSF · νύξgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionνύξ: 'nyx'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐγὼegoRP NS · ἐγώnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἄνδρεςanerN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἀνήρ: 'aner'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὀλίγοιoligosA1 NPM · ὀλίγοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateὀλίγος: 'oligos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μετ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phraseμετά: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ἐμοῦegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀπήγγειλαaggello + apoVAI AAI1S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀποverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἀγγέλλω + ἀπο: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀνθρώπῳmanN2 DSM · ἄνθρωποςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἄνθρωπος: 'man'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τίtisRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτίς: 'tis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateθεός: 'God'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
δίδωσινgiveV8 PAI3S · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative element functioning as object or goalκαρδία: 'heart'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μουegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ποιῆσαιdoVA AAN · ποιέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateποιέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phraseμετά: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIsrael: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
κτῆνοςbeastN3E NSN · κτῆνοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateκτῆνος: 'beast'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔστινeimiV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μετ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition introducing its complement phraseμετά: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ἐμοῦegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰeiC · εἰconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsεἰ: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseμή: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
κτῆνοςbeastN3E NSN · κτῆνοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateκτῆνος: 'beast'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ᾧosRR DSN · ὅςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectὅς: 'os'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐγὼegoRP NS · ἐγώnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπιβαίνωbaino + epiV1 PAI1S · βαίνω + ἐπιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateβαίνω + ἐπι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
αὐτῷaytosRD DSN · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
13
καὶ ἐξῆλθον ἐν πύλῃ τοῦ γωληλα καὶ πρὸς στόμα πηγῆς τῶν συκῶν καὶ εἰς πύλην τῆς κοπρίας καὶ ἤμην συντρίβων ἐν τῷ τείχει Ιερουσαλημ ὃ αὐτοὶ καθαιροῦσιν καὶ πύλαι αὐτῆς κατεβρώθησαν πυρί
And I went out by night through the Valley Gate, toward the mouth of the Spring of Figs and to the Dung Gate, and I was inspecting the wall of Jerusalem, which they had broken down, and whose gates had been consumed with fire.
Specific gates and visible fire-damage make the devastation concrete.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐξῆλθονerchomai + ekVBI AAI1S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἔρχομαι + ἐκ: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
πύλῃgateN1 DSF · πύληdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
γωληλαgolelaN GSM · γωληλαnominal term functioning within the local clause or phraseγωληλα: 'golela'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition introducing its complement phraseπρός: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
στόμαstomaN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalστόμα: 'stoma'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πηγῆςpegeN1 GSF · πηγήgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionπηγή: 'pege'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
συκῶνsykeN1 GPF · συκῆgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionσυκῆ: 'syke'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
πύληνgateN1 ASF · πύληaccusative element functioning as object or goalπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
κοπρίαςkopriaN1A GSF · κοπρίαgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionκοπρία: 'kopria'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἤμηνeimiV9 IMI1S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
συντρίβωνpapnsm tribo + synV1 · παπνσμ τρίβω + συνparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionπαπνσμ τρίβω + συν: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
τείχειwallN3E DSN · τεῖχοςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectτεῖχος: 'wall'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIeroysalem: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὃtheRR NSM · ὅςarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
αὐτοὶaytosRD NPM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καθαιροῦσινaireo + kataV2 PAI3P · αἱρέω + καταverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateαἱρέω + κατα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πύλαιgateN1 NPF · πύληnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτῆςaytosRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
κατεβρώθησανbibrosko + kataVCI API3P · βιβρώσκω + καταverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateβιβρώσκω + κατα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πυρίfireN3 DSN · πῦρdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectπῦρ: 'fire'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
14
καὶ παρῆλθον ἐπὶ πύλην τοῦ Αιν καὶ εἰς κολυμβήθραν τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ οὐκ ἦν τόπος τῷ κτήνει παρελθεῖν ὑποκάτω μου
And I passed on to the Fountain Gate and to the King's Pool, but there was no place for the beast under me to pass.
The broken condition of Jerusalem is severe enough to block the mounted survey.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
παρῆλθονerchomai + paraVBI AAI1S · ἔρχομαι + παραparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionἔρχομαι + παρα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
πύληνgateN1 ASF · πύληaccusative element functioning as object or goalπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΑινAinN GSM · Αινproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerAin: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
κολυμβήθρανkolymbethraN1A ASF · κολυμβήθραaccusative element functioning as object or goalκολυμβήθρα: 'kolymbethra'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἦνeimiV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τόποςtoposN2 NSM · τόποςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateτόπος: 'topos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
κτήνειbeastN3E DSN · κτῆνοςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectκτῆνος: 'beast'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
παρελθεῖνerchomai + paraVB AAN · ἔρχομαι + παραparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionἔρχομαι + παρα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὑποκάτωypokatoD · ὑποκάτωadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseὑποκάτω: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μουegoRP GS · ἐγώgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
15
καὶ ἤμην ἀναβαίνων ἐν τῷ τείχει χειμάρρου νυκτὸς καὶ ἤμην συντρίβων ἐν τῷ τείχει καὶ ἤμην ἐν πύλῃ τῆς φάραγγος καὶ ἐπέστρεψα
And I was going up by night by the torrent-bed, and I was inspecting the wall; then I came in by the Valley Gate and returned.
Nehemiah completes the survey before turning back to the city.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἤμηνeimiV9 IMI1S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀναβαίνωνpapnsm baino + anaV1 · παπνσμ βαίνω + ἀναparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionπαπνσμ βαίνω + ἀνα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
τείχειwallN3E DSN · τεῖχοςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectτεῖχος: 'wall'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
χειμάρρουcheimarroysN2 GSM · χειμάρρουςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionχειμάρρους: 'cheimarroys'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
νυκτὸςnyxN3 GSF · νύξgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionνύξ: 'nyx'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἤμηνeimiV9 IMI1S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
συντρίβωνpapnsm tribo + synV1 · παπνσμ τρίβω + συνparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionπαπνσμ τρίβω + συν: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
τείχειwallN3E DSN · τεῖχοςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectτεῖχος: 'wall'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἤμηνeimiV9 IMI1S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
πύλῃgateN1 DSF · πύληdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
φάραγγοςpharagxN3G GSF · φάραγξgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionφάραγξ: 'pharagx'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπέστρεψαstrepho + epiVAI AAI1S · στρέφω + ἐπιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateστρέφω + ἐπι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
16
καὶ οἱ φυλάσσοντες οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τί ἐπορεύθην καὶ τί ἐγὼ ποιῶ καὶ τοῖς Ιουδαίοις καὶ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν καὶ τοῖς ἐντίμοις καὶ τοῖς στρατηγοῖς καὶ τοῖς καταλοίποις τοῖς ποιοῦσιν τὰ ἔργα ἕως τότε οὐκ ἀπήγγειλα
And the officials did not know where I had gone or what I was doing; and to the Jews and to the priests and to the nobles and to the rulers and to the rest who were doing the work, I had told nothing until then.
Secrecy is strategic here, preserving the mission until Nehemiah is ready to speak.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
φυλάσσοντεςphylassoV1 · παπνπμ φυλάσσωparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionφυλάσσω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔγνωσανgignoskoVZI AAI3P · γιγνώσκωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateγιγνώσκω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τίtisRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτίς: 'tis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπορεύθηνporeyomaiVCI API1S · πορεύομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateπορεύομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τίtisRI ASN · τίςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτίς: 'tis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐγὼegoRP NS · ἐγώnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ποιῶdoV2 PAI1S · ποιέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateποιέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΙουδαίοιςIoydaioisN2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖοςproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIoydaiois: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ἱερεῦσινpriestN3V DPM · ἱερεύςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἱερεύς: 'priest'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ἐντίμοιςentimosA1B DPM · ἔντιμοςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἔντιμος: 'entimos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
στρατηγοῖςstrategosN2 DPM · στρατηγόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectστρατηγός: 'strategos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
καταλοίποιςkataloiposA1B DPM · κατάλοιποςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectκατάλοιπος: 'kataloipos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ποιοῦσινdoV2 · παπδπμ ποιέωparticiple contributing attendant circumstance, manner, or descriptionποιέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ἔργαworkN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔργον: 'work'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἕωςeosC · ἕωςconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsἕως: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τότεtoteD · τότεadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseτότε: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀπήγγειλαaggello + apoVAI AAI1S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀποverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἀγγέλλω + ἀπο: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
17
καὶ εἶπα πρὸς αὐτούς ὑμεῖς βλέπετε τὴν πονηρίαν ἐν ᾗ ἐσμεν ἐν αὐτῇ πῶς Ιερουσαλημ ἔρημος καὶ αἱ πύλαι αὐτῆς ἐδόθησαν πυρί δεῦτε καὶ διοικοδομήσωμεν τὸ τεῖχος Ιερουσαλημ καὶ οὐκ ἐσόμεθα ἔτι ὄνειδος
Then I said to them, 'You see the misery in which we are, how Jerusalem lies desolate and its gates have been given to fire. Come, let us rebuild the wall of Jerusalem, and we shall no longer be a reproach.'
The visible disgrace of Jerusalem becomes the argument for rebuilding.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπαeiponVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition introducing its complement phraseπρός: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
αὐτούςaytosRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὑμεῖςsyRP AP · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
βλέπετεblepoV1 PAI2P · βλέπωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateβλέπω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
πονηρίανponeriaN1A ASF · πονηρίαaccusative element functioning as object or goalπονηρία: 'poneria'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ᾗosRR DSF · ὅςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectὅς: 'os'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐσμενeimiV9 PAI1P · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
αὐτῇaytosRD DSF · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πῶςposD · πῶςadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseπῶς: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN NSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIeroysalem: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔρημοςeremosN2 NSF · ἔρημοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἔρημος: 'eremos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πύλαιgateN1 NPF · πύληnominative element functioning as subject or predicateπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτῆςaytosRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐδόθησανgiveVCI API3P · δίδωμιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateδίδωμι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
πυρίfireN3 DSN · πῦρdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectπῦρ: 'fire'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
δεῦτεdeyteI · δεῦτεnominal term functioning within the local clause or phraseδεῦτε: 'deyte'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
διοικοδομήσωμενoikodomeo + diaVA AAS1P · οἰκοδομέω + διαverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateοἰκοδομέω + δια: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
τεῖχοςwallN3E ASN · τεῖχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτεῖχος: 'wall'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIeroysalem: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐσόμεθαeimiVF FMI1P · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔτιetiD · ἔτιadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseἔτι: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὄνειδοςoneidosN3E NSN · ὄνειδοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateὄνειδος: 'oneidos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
18
καὶ ἀπήγγειλα αὐτοῖς τὴν χεῖρα τοῦ θεοῦ ἥ ἐστιν ἀγαθὴ ἐπ' ἐμέ καὶ τοὺς λόγους τοῦ βασιλέως οὓς εἶπέν μοι καὶ εἶπα ἀναστῶμεν καὶ οἰκοδομήσωμεν καὶ ἐκραταιώθησαν αἱ χεῖρες αὐτῶν εἰς ἀγαθόν
And I told them of the hand of God that was good upon me, and also the king's words that he had spoken to me. And I said, 'Let us rise up and build'; and their hands were strengthened for good.
The community's hands are strengthened when Nehemiah narrates both God's hand and the king's words.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀπήγγειλαaggello + apoVAI AAI1S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀποverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἀγγέλλω + ἀπο: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτοῖςaytosRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
χεῖραhandN3 ASF · χείρaccusative element functioning as object or goalχείρ: 'hand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionθεός: 'God'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἥosRR NSF · ὅςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateὅς: 'os'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐστινeimiV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀγαθὴgoodA1 NSF · ἀγαθόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἀγαθός: 'good'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ἐμέegoRP AS · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
λόγουςwordN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalλόγος: 'word'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὓςosRR APM · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅς: 'os'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπένeiponVBI AAI3S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μοιegoRP DS · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπαeiponVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀναστῶμενistemi + anaV6 AAS1P · ἵστημι + ἀναverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἵστημι + ἀνα: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οἰκοδομήσωμενoikodomeoVA AAS1P · οἰκοδομέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateοἰκοδομέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐκραταιώθησανkrataiooVCI API3P · κραταιόωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateκραταιόω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: 'the'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
χεῖρεςhandN3 NPF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject or predicateχείρ: 'hand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτῶνaytosRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing its complement phraseεἰς: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ἀγαθόνgoodA1 ASM · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀγαθός: 'good'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
19
καὶ ἤκουσεν Σαναβαλλατ ὁ Αρωνι καὶ Τωβια ὁ δοῦλος ὁ Αμμωνι καὶ Γησαμ ὁ Αραβι καὶ ἐξεγέλασαν ἡμᾶς καὶ ἦλθον ἐφ' ἡμᾶς καὶ εἶπαν τί τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο ὃ ὑμεῖς ποιεῖτε ἦ ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα ὑμεῖς ἀποστατεῖτε
But Sanballat the Horonite heard, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arab, and they mocked us and came against us and said, 'What is this thing that you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?'
The adversaries attempt to recast rebuilding as rebellion against the king.
Word-by-word analysis· 37 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἤκουσενakoyoVAI AAI3S · ἀκούωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἀκούω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΣαναβαλλατSanballatN NSM · Σαναβαλλατproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerSanaballat: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΑρωνιAroniN NSM · Αρωνιproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerAroni: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΤωβιαTobiahN NSM · Τωβιαproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerTobia: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
δοῦλοςservant / slaveN2 NSM · δοῦλοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateδοῦλος: 'servant / slave'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΑμμωνιAmmoniN NSM · Αμμωνιproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerAmmoni: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ΓησαμGeshemN NSM · Γησαμproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerGesam: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ΑραβιArabiN NSM · Αραβιproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerArabi: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐξεγέλασανgelao + ekVAI AAI3P · γελάω + ἐκverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateγελάω + ἐκ: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡμᾶςegoRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἦλθονcomeVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateἔρχομαι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ἡμᾶςegoRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπανeiponVAI AAI3P · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τίtisRI NSN · τίςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateτίς: 'tis'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ῥῆμαremaN3M NSN · ῥῆμαnominative element functioning as subject or predicateῥῆμα: 'rema'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦτοoytosRD NSN · οὗτοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateοὗτος: 'oytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὃtheRR NSM · ὅςarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
ὑμεῖςsyRP NP · σύnominative element functioning as subject or predicateσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ποιεῖτεdoV2 PAI2P · ποιέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateποιέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἦeX · ἦnominal term functioning within the local clause or phraseἦ: 'e'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐπί: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative element functioning as object or goalβασιλεύς: 'king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὑμεῖςsyRP NP · σύnominative element functioning as subject or predicateσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἀποστατεῖτεstateo + apoV2 PAI2P · στατέω + ἀποverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateστατέω + ἀπο: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
20
καὶ ἐπέστρεψα αὐτοῖς λόγον καὶ εἶπα αὐτοῖς ὁ θεὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ αὐτὸς εὐοδώσει ἡμῖν καὶ ἡμεῖς δοῦλοι αὐτοῦ καθαροί καὶ οἰκοδομήσομεν καὶ ὑμῖν οὐκ ἔστιν μερὶς καὶ δικαιοσύνη καὶ μνημόσυνον ἐν Ιερουσαλημ
And I answered them with a word and said to them, 'The God of heaven, he will prosper us; and we, his servants, will arise and build. But you have no share or right or memorial in Jerusalem.'
The response denies the opponents any covenant share in Jerusalem while affirming the servants' duty to build.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐπέστρεψαstrepho + epiVAI AAI1S · στρέφω + ἐπιverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateστρέφω + ἐπι: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτοῖςaytosRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalλόγος: 'word'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εἶπαeiponVAI AAI1S · εἶπονverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἶπον: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτοῖςaytosRD DPM · αὐτόςdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateθεός: 'God'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phraseὁ: Greek definite article; marks a noun phrase as definite and helps signal case, gender, and number.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionοὐρανός: 'heaven'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτὸςaytosRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
εὐοδώσειeyodooVF FAI3S · εὐοδόωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεὐοδόω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡμῖνegoRP DP · ἐγώdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἡμεῖςegoRP NP · ἐγώnominative element functioning as subject or predicateἐγώ: 'ego'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
δοῦλοιservant / slaveN2 NPM · δοῦλοςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateδοῦλος: 'servant / slave'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
αὐτοῦaytosRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or descriptionαὐτός: 'aytos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καθαροίkatharosA1A NPM · καθαρόςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateκαθαρός: 'katharos'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οἰκοδομήσομενoikodomeoVF FAI1P · οἰκοδομέωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateοἰκοδομέω: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ὑμῖνsyRP DP · σύdative element expressing location, means, reference, or indirect objectσύ: 'sy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or negative particle modifying the clauseοὐ: particle or adverb shaping negation, emphasis, or clause connection in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἔστινeimiV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or stateεἰμί: verbal form carrying action, process, prayer, command, or narrative advance in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μερὶςmerisN3D NSF · μερίςnominative element functioning as subject or predicateμερίς: 'meris'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
δικαιοσύνηdikaiosyneN1 NSF · δικαιοσύνηnominative element functioning as subject or predicateδικαιοσύνη: 'dikaiosyne'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
καὶandC · καίconjunction linking clauses, commands, or list itemsκαί: conjunction linking clauses, commands, and list-items in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
μνημόσυνονmnemosynonN2N ASN · μνημόσυνονaccusative element functioning as object or goalμνημόσυνον: 'mnemosynon'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Nehemiah restoration narrative.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing its complement phraseἐν: preposition introducing its complement phrase in ordinary Nehemiah restoration narrative usage.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper name within the post-exilic narrative or registerIeroysalem: transliterated proper name preserved in the Nehemiah restoration narrative.