1
καὶ ἔφθασεν ὁ μὴν ὁ ἕβδομος καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐν πόλεσιν αὐτῶν καὶ συνήχθη ὁ λαὸς ὡς ἀνὴρ εἷς εἰς Ιερουσαλημ
And when the seventh month arrived, while the sons of Israel were in their cities, the people gathered together as one man to Jerusalem.
The chapter opens by drawing the dispersed returnees into one gathered body in Jerusalem, preparing for restored worship.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔφθασενphthanoVAI AAI3S · φθάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφθάνω: meaning 'phthano'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μὴνmonthN3 NSM · μήνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴν: meaning 'month'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἕβδομοςseventhA1 NSM · ἕβδομοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἕβδομος: meaning 'seventh'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πόλεσινcityN3I DPF · πόλιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνhisRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνήχθηago + sunVQI API3S · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄγω + συν: meaning 'ago + sun'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἷςoneM NSM · εἷςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastεἷς: meaning 'one'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
2
καὶ ἀνέστη Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ιωσεδεκ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ ἱερεῖς καὶ Ζοροβαβελ ὁ τοῦ Σαλαθιηλ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ᾠκοδόμησαν τὸ θυσιαστήριον θεοῦ Ισραηλ τοῦ ἀνενέγκαι ἐπ' αὐτὸ ὁλοκαυτώσεις κατὰ τὰ γεγραμμένα ἐν νόμῳ Μωυσῆ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ θεοῦ
Then Jeshua the son of Jozadak arose, and his fellow priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel and his brothers, and they built the altar of the God of Israel to offer burnt offerings on it, as it is written in the law of Moses the man of God.
Leadership from priestly and Davidic lines acts first on the altar, prioritizing sacrifice before the larger building project.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνέστηistemi + anaVHI AAI3S · ἵστημι + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + ἀνα: meaning 'istemi + ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἸησοῦςJeshuaN NSM · Ἰησοῦςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἸησοῦς: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωσεδεκJozadakN GSM · Ιωσεδεκnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωσεδεκ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN NSM · Ζοροβαβελnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΖοροβαβελ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣαλαθιηλShealtielN GSM · Σαλαθιηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλαθιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandD · καίadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησανbuildVAI AAI3P · οἰκοδομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: meaning 'build'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυσιαστήριον: meaning 'altar'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνενέγκαιphero + anaVA AAN · φέρω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementφέρω + ἀνα: meaning 'phero + ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτὸhisRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁλοκαυτώσειςburnt offeringN3I APF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁλοκαύτωσις: meaning 'burnt offering'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γεγραμμέναwrittenVP · χμπαπν γράφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπν γράφω: meaning 'written'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
νόμῳlawN2 DSM · νόμοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceνόμος: meaning 'law'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΜωυσῆMosesN1M GSM · Μωυσῆςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΜωυσῆ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀνθρώπουanthroposN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'anthropos'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
3
καὶ ἡτοίμασαν τὸ θυσιαστήριον ἐπὶ τὴν ἑτοιμασίαν αὐτοῦ ὅτι ἐν καταπλήξει ἐπ' αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τῶν λαῶν τῶν γαιῶν καὶ ἀνέβη ἐπ' αὐτὸ ὁλοκαύτωσις τῷ κυρίῳ τὸ πρωὶ καὶ εἰς ἑσπέραν
And they set the altar upon its prepared place, because fear was upon them because of the peoples of the lands, and they offered burnt offerings on it to the Lord, burnt offerings morning and evening.
The altar is set in place despite fear from surrounding peoples, so sacrifice becomes both obedience and public defiance.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡτοίμασανetoimazoVAI AAI3P · ἑτοιμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἑτοιμάζω: meaning 'etoimazo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυσιαστήριονaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυσιαστήριον: meaning 'altar'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑτοιμασίανprepared placeN1A ASF · ἑτοιμασίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἑτοιμασία: meaning 'prepared place'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅτιotiC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'oti'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καταπλήξειkataplexisN3I DSF · κατάπληξιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκατάπληξις: meaning 'kataplexis'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτοὺςhisRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαῶνpeopleN2 GPM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γαιῶνgaiaN1A GPF · γαῖαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγαῖα: meaning 'gaia'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνέβηbaino + anaVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'baino + ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτὸhisRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁλοκαύτωσιςburnt offeringN3I NSF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὁλοκαύτωσις: meaning 'burnt offering'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρωὶmorningD · πρωίadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπρωὶ: meaning 'morning'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἑσπέρανwestN1A ASF · ἑσπέραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἑσπέρα: meaning 'west'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
4
καὶ ἐποίησαν τὴν ἑορτὴν τῶν σκηνῶν κατὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον καὶ ὁλοκαυτώσεις ἡμέραν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐν ἀριθμῷ ὡς ἡ κρίσις λόγον ἡμέρας ἐν ἡμέρᾳ αὐτοῦ
And they kept the feast of booths, as it is written, and offered burnt offerings day by day according to number, according to the ordinance, as each day required,
The feast of booths demonstrates that the restored community orders its worship by the written pattern rather than improvisation.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησανdoVAI AAI3P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑορτὴνfeastN1 ASF · ἑορτήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἑορτή: meaning 'feast'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῶνboothsN1 GPF · σκηνήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκηνή: meaning 'booths'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γεγραμμένονwriteVP · χμπασν γράφωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπασν γράφω: meaning 'write'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁλοκαυτώσειςburnt offeringN3I APF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁλοκαύτωσις: meaning 'burnt offering'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀριθμῷnumberN2 DSM · ἀριθμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀριθμός: meaning 'number'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κρίσιςordinanceN3I NSF · κρίσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκρίσις: meaning 'ordinance'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λόγονwordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡμέραςdayN1A GSF · ἡμέραgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο ὁλοκαυτώσεις ἐνδελεχισμοῦ καὶ εἰς τὰς νουμηνίας καὶ εἰς πάσας ἑορτὰς τὰς ἡγιασμένας καὶ παντὶ ἑκουσιαζομένῳ ἑκούσιον τῷ κυρίῳ
and after that the continual burnt offerings, and for the new moons, and for all the consecrated feasts, and for everyone who freely offered a freewill gift to the Lord.
The sacrificial cycle broadens from the feast itself to the whole rhythm of ongoing, calendrical, and voluntary worship.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μετὰafterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'after'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοoutosRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'outos'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁλοκαυτώσειςburnt offeringN3I NPF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὁλοκαύτωσις: meaning 'burnt offering'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνδελεχισμοῦcontinual offeringN2 GSM · ἐνδελεχισμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἐνδελεχισμός: meaning 'continual offering'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νουμηνίαςnew moonN1A APF · νουμηνίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνουμηνία: meaning 'new moon'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πάσαςeveryA1S APF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἑορτὰςfeastN1 APF · ἑορτήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἑορτή: meaning 'feast'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡγιασμέναςconsecratedVT · χμπαπφ ἁγιάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπφ ἁγιάζω: meaning 'consecrated'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παντὶeveryA3 DSM · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἑκουσιαζομένῳpmpdsm ekousiazomaiV1 · πμπδσμ ἑκουσιάζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπδσμ ἑκουσιάζομαι: meaning 'pmpdsm ekousiazomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἑκούσιονfreewillA1A ASM · ἑκούσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἑκούσιος: meaning 'freewill'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
6
ἐν ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ τοῦ μηνὸς τοῦ ἑβδόμου ἤρξαντο ἀναφέρειν ὁλοκαυτώσεις τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ ὁ οἶκος κυρίου οὐκ ἐθεμελιώθη
From the first day of the seventh month they began to offer burnt offerings to the Lord, but the house of the Lord had not yet been founded.
The verse makes the theological point explicit: sacrifice has resumed even though the temple structure itself is not yet founded.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μιᾷfirstA1A DSF · εἷςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ measure or countμιᾷ: meaning 'first'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑβδόμουseventhA1 GSM · ἕβδομοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἕβδομος: meaning 'seventh'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἤρξαντοarchoVAI AMI3P · ἄρχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄρχω: meaning 'archo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀναφέρεινphero + anaV1 PAN · φέρω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementφέρω + ἀνα: meaning 'phero + ana'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁλοκαυτώσειςburnt offeringN3I APF · ὁλοκαύτωσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁλοκαύτωσις: meaning 'burnt offering'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κυρίουLORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐκouD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'ou'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐθεμελιώθηlay foundationVCI API3S · θεμελιόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθεμελιόω: meaning 'lay foundation'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
καὶ ἔδωκαν ἀργύριον τοῖς λατόμοις καὶ τοῖς τέκτοσιν καὶ βρώματα καὶ ποτὰ καὶ ἔλαιον τοῖς Σηδανιν καὶ τοῖς Σωριν ἐνέγκαι ξύλα κέδρινα ἀπὸ τοῦ Λιβάνου πρὸς θάλασσαν Ιόππης κατ' ἐπιχώρησιν Κύρου βασιλέως Περσῶν ἐπ' αὐτούς
And they gave silver to the stonecutters and the carpenters, and food and drink and oil to the Sidonians and to the Tyrians, to bring cedar logs from Lebanon to the sea at Joppa, according to the grant they had from Cyrus king of the Persians.
The narrative shifts from altar worship to construction logistics, gathering both labor and imported cedar under Persian authorization.
Word-by-word analysis· 35 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔδωκανpayVAI AAI3P · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'pay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀργύριονsilverN2N ASN · ἀργύριονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀργύριον: meaning 'silver'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λατόμοιςstonecutterN2 DPM · λατόμοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλατόμος: meaning 'stonecutter'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέκτοσινcarpenterN3N DPM · τέκτωνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceτέκτων: meaning 'carpenter'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βρώματαfoodN3M APN · βρῶμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβρῶμα: meaning 'food'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποτὰpotosA1 APN · ποτόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationποτός: meaning 'potos'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔλαιονoilN2N ASN · ἔλαιονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλαιον: meaning 'oil'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣηδανινSidoniansN DPM · Σηδανινnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣηδανιν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣωρινTyriansN DPM · Σωρινnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣωριν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνέγκαιpheroVA AAN · φέρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementφέρω: meaning 'phero'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ξύλαwoodN2N APN · ξύλονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationξύλον: meaning 'wood'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κέδριναcedarA1 APN · κέδρινοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκέδρινος: meaning 'cedar'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛιβάνουLebanonN2 GSM · Λιβάνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΛιβάνου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θάλασσανseaN1S ASF · θάλασσαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθάλασσα: meaning 'sea'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΙόππηςJoppaN1M GSM · Ιόππηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΙόππης: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κατ'according toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατ': meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐπιχώρησινgrantN3I ASF · ἐπιχώρησιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐπιχώρησις: meaning 'grant'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΚύρουCyrusN2 GSM · Κῦροςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΚύρου: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΠερσῶνPersianN1M GPM · Πέρσηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΠερσῶν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτούςhisRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτούς: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
8
καὶ ἐν τῷ ἔτει τῷ δευτέρῳ τοῦ ἐλθεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς Ιερουσαλημ ἐν μηνὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ ἤρξατο Ζοροβαβελ ὁ τοῦ Σαλαθιηλ καὶ Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ιωσεδεκ καὶ οἱ κατάλοιποι τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτῶν οἱ ἱερεῖς καὶ οἱ Λευῖται καὶ πάντες οἱ ἐρχόμενοι ἀπὸ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας εἰς Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ἔστησαν τοὺς Λευίτας ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς καὶ ἐπάνω ἐπὶ τοὺς ποιοῦντας τὰ ἔργα ἐν οἴκῳ κυρίου
And in the second year after their coming to the house of God in Jerusalem, in the second month, Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel began, and Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and the rest of their brothers, the priests and the Levites, and all who had come from the captivity to Jerusalem; and they appointed the Levites from twenty years old and upward over those doing the work in the house of the Lord.
In the second year the community turns its return into organized temple work by appointing Levites to supervise the builders.
Word-by-word analysis· 65 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔτειyearN3E DSN · ἔτοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔτος: meaning 'year'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρῳsecondA1A DSN · δεύτεροςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδεύτερος: meaning 'second'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλθεῖνerchomaiVB AAN · ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἔρχομαι: meaning 'erchomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςhisRD APM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτοὺς: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μηνὶmonthN3 DSM · μήνdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμήν: meaning 'month'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρῳsecondA1A DSM · δεύτεροςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceδεύτερος: meaning 'second'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἤρξατοarchoVAI AMI3S · ἄρχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἄρχω: meaning 'archo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΖοροβαβελZerubbabelN NSM · Ζοροβαβελnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΖοροβαβελ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΣαλαθιηλShealtielN GSM · Σαλαθιηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣαλαθιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἸησοῦςJeshuaN NSM · Ἰησοῦςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἸησοῦς: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙωσεδεκJozadakN GSM · Ιωσεδεκnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙωσεδεκ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατάλοιποιrestA1B NPM · κατάλοιποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκατάλοιπος: meaning 'rest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφῶνbrotherN2 GPM · ἀδελφόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνhisRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLeuitaiN1M NPM · Λευείτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςeveryA3 NPM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐρχόμενοιpmpnpm erchomaiV1 · πμπνπμ ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ ἔρχομαι: meaning 'pmpnpm erchomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰχμαλωσίαςcaptivityN1A GSF · αἰχμαλωσίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἰχμαλωσία: meaning 'captivity'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστησανappointVHI AAI3P · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'appoint'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευίταςLeuitasN1M APM · Λευείτηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant identificationΛευίτας: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
εἰκοσαετοῦςeikosaetesA3H GSM · εἰκοσαετήςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationεἰκοσαετής: meaning 'eikosaetes'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπάνωoverP · ἐπάνωpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπάνω: meaning 'over'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιοῦνταςdoingV2 · παπαπμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπαπμ ποιέω: meaning 'doing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworkN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'work'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κυρίουLORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
9
καὶ ἔστη Ἰησοῦς καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ Καδμιηλ καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ υἱοὶ Ιουδα ἐπὶ τοὺς ποιοῦντας τὰ ἔργα ἐν οἴκῳ τοῦ θεοῦ υἱοὶ Ηναδαδ υἱοὶ αὐτῶν καὶ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτῶν οἱ Λευῖται
And Jeshua stood with his sons and his brothers, Kadmiel and his sons, the sons of Judah, together over those doing the work in the house of God, as did the sons of Henadad with their sons and brothers, the Levites.
Named Levitical families stand over the work, showing that temple construction is itself ordered as a sacred task.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστηappointVHI AAI3S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'appoint'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἸησοῦςJeshuaN NSM · Ἰησοῦςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationἸησοῦς: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΚαδμιηλKadmielN NSM · Καδμιηλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΚαδμιηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ἰουδάnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιοῦνταςdoingV2 · παπαπμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπαπμ ποιέω: meaning 'doing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworkN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'work'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
οἴκῳhouseN2 DSM · οἶκοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΗναδαδHenadadN GSM · Ηναδαδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΗναδαδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhisRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀδελφοὶbrotherN2 NPM · ἀδελφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀδελφός: meaning 'brother'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῶνhisRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLeuitaiN1M NPM · Λευείτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
10
καὶ ἐθεμελίωσαν τοῦ οἰκοδομῆσαι τὸν οἶκον κυρίου καὶ ἔστησαν οἱ ἱερεῖς ἐστολισμένοι ἐν σάλπιγξιν καὶ οἱ Λευῖται υἱοὶ Ασαφ ἐν κυμβάλοις τοῦ αἰνεῖν τὸν κύριον ἐπὶ χεῖρας Δαυιδ βασιλέως Ισραηλ
And when they laid the foundation to build the house of the Lord, they stationed the priests in their vestments with trumpets, and the Levites, the sons of Asaph, with cymbals, to praise the Lord according to the directions of David king of Israel.
With the foundation laid, the work becomes liturgical celebration marked by priestly vestments, trumpets, cymbals, and Davidic precedent.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐθεμελίωσανlay foundationVAI AAI3P · θεμελιόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθεμελιόω: meaning 'lay foundation'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἰκοδομῆσαιbuildVA AAN · οἰκοδομέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementοἰκοδομέω: meaning 'build'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κυρίουLORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστησανappointVAI AAI3P · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι: meaning 'appoint'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεῖςpriestN3V NPM · ἱερεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστολισμένοιpmpnpm stolizoV1 · πμπνπμ στολίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ στολίζω: meaning 'pmpnpm stolizo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σάλπιγξινtrumpetN3G DPF · σάλπιγξdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσάλπιγξ: meaning 'trumpet'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευῖταιLeuitaiN1M NPM · Λευείτηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant identificationΛευῖται: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
υἱοὶsonN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΑσαφAsaphN GSM · Ασαφnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΑσαφ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κυμβάλοιςkumbalonN2N DPN · κυμβάλονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκυμβάλον: meaning 'kumbalon'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰνεῖνpraiseV2 PAN · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χεῖραςhandN3 APF · χείρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ΔαυιδDavidN GSM · Δαυίδnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΔαυιδ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
11
καὶ ἀπεκρίθησαν ἐν αἴνῳ καὶ ἀνθομολογήσει τῷ κυρίῳ ὅτι ἀγαθόν ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ Ισραηλ καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς ἐσήμαινον φωνὴν μεγάλην αἰνεῖν τῷ κυρίῳ ἐπὶ θεμελιώσει οἴκου κυρίου
And they responded with praise and thanksgiving to the Lord, 'For he is good, for his mercy upon Israel is forever.' And all the people raised a great shout in praising the Lord, because the foundation of the house of the Lord had been laid.
The people answer the foundation ceremony with the classic confession of the Lord's goodness and enduring mercy toward Israel.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπεκρίθησανkrino + apoVCI API3P · κρίνω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκρίνω + ἀπο: meaning 'krino + apo'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αἴνῳpraiseN2 DSM · αἶνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceαἶνος: meaning 'praise'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνθομολογήσειomologeo + antiVF FAI3S · ὁμολογέω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁμολογέω + ἀντι: meaning 'omologeo + anti'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὅτιotiC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'oti'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαθόνgoodA1 ASM · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὅτιotiC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'oti'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςeisP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'eis'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναforeverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'forever'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E NSN · ἔλεοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶςeveryA3 NSM · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐσήμαινονraise a shoutV1I IAI3P · σημαίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processσημαίνω: meaning 'raise a shout'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φωνὴνphoneN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφωνή: meaning 'phone'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μεγάληνgreatA1 ASF · μέγαςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αἰνεῖνpraiseV2 PAN · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θεμελιώσειfoundationN3I DSF · θεμελίωσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθεμελίωσις: meaning 'foundation'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κυρίουLORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
12
καὶ πολλοὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἱερέων καὶ τῶν Λευιτῶν καὶ ἄρχοντες τῶν πατριῶν οἱ πρεσβύτεροι οἳ εἴδοσαν τὸν οἶκον τὸν πρῶτον ἐν θεμελιώσει αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦτον τὸν οἶκον ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτῶν ἔκλαιον φωνῇ μεγάλῃ καὶ ὄχλος ἐν σημασίᾳ μετ' εὐφροσύνης τοῦ ὑψῶσαι ᾠδήν
But many of the priests and the Levites and the heads of ancestral houses, the elders who had seen the first house on its foundation, wept with a loud voice when this house was before their eyes, while many shouted aloud for joy to lift up song,
The elders' tears and the crowd's shouts show that restoration carries loss and joy together rather than erasing the memory of the first temple.
Word-by-word analysis· 42 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πολλοὶpolusA1 NPM · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'polus'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέωνpriestN3V GPM · ἱερεύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἱερεύς: meaning 'priest'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΛευιτῶνLeuitonN1M GPM · Λευείτηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ participant identificationΛευιτῶν: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄρχοντεςleaderN3 NPM · ἄρχωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄρχων: meaning 'leader'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατριῶνfather-houseN1A GPF · πατριάgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπατριά: meaning 'father-house'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρεσβύτεροιelderA1A NPM · πρεσβύτεροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπρεσβύτερος: meaning 'elder'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οἳwhoRR NPM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἴδοσανoraoVBI AAI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὁράω: meaning 'orao'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρῶτονfirstA1 ASM · πρῶτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρῶτος: meaning 'first'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θεμελιώσειfoundationN3I DSF · θεμελίωσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθεμελίωσις: meaning 'foundation'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦτονoutosRD ASM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτον: meaning 'outos'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὀφθαλμοῖςeyesN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνhisRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἔκλαιονweepV1I IAI3P · κλαίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκλαίω: meaning 'weep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φωνῇphoneN1 DSF · φωνήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφωνή: meaning 'phone'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μεγάλῃgreatA1 DSF · μέγαςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄχλοςcrowdN2 NSM · ὄχλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄχλος: meaning 'crowd'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σημασίᾳsemasiaN1A DSF · σημασίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσημασία: meaning 'semasia'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μετ'afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετ': meaning 'after'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
εὐφροσύνηςjoyN1 GSF · εὐφροσύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'joy'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑψῶσαιlift upVA AAN · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementὑψόω: meaning 'lift up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ᾠδήνsongN1 ASF · ᾠδήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
13
καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ λαὸς ἐπιγινώσκων φωνὴν σημασίας τῆς εὐφροσύνης ἀπὸ τῆς φωνῆς τοῦ κλαυθμοῦ τοῦ λαοῦ ὅτι ὁ λαὸς ἐκραύγασεν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ καὶ ἡ φωνὴ ἠκούετο ἕως ἀπὸ μακρόθεν
and the people could not distinguish the sound of the joyful shout from the sound of the people's weeping, for the people shouted with a loud voice, and the sound was heard from far away.
The closing verse fuses weeping and rejoicing into a single far-heard noise, capturing the chapter's unresolved emotional tension.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκouD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'ou'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἦνbeV9 IAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ participant referenceἦν: meaning 'be'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπιγινώσκωνdistinguishingV1 · παπνσμ γιγνώσκω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ γιγνώσκω + ἐπι: meaning 'distinguishing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φωνὴνphoneN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφωνή: meaning 'phone'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σημασίαςsemasiaN1A GSF · σημασίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσημασία: meaning 'semasia'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐφροσύνηςjoyN1 GSF · εὐφροσύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'joy'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωνῆςphoneN1 GSF · φωνήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationφωνή: meaning 'phone'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κλαυθμοῦweepingN2 GSM · κλαυθμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκλαυθμός: meaning 'weeping'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὅτιotiC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'oti'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐκραύγασενcry outVAI AAI3S · κραυγάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκραυγάζω: meaning 'cry out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φωνῇphoneN1 DSF · φωνήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφωνή: meaning 'phone'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μεγάλῃgreatA1 DSF · μέγαςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φωνὴphoneN1 NSF · φωνήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφωνή: meaning 'phone'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἠκούετοhearV1I IPI3S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἀκούω: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςeosC · ἕωςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἕως: meaning 'eos'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μακρόθενfar awayD · μακρόθενadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμακρόθεν: meaning 'far away'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.