Greek Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Third Book of Kingdoms, Chapter 6ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΩΝ Γ′ Ϛ′

Each verse opens with the running Greek, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case (color), parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Solomon builds the temple with ordered splendor, setting the holy house at the center of his reign.

Translation & textual notes

The Greek text of 3 Kingdoms 6 (= 1 Kings 6) follows the standard critical text of the Septuagint as established in the Rahlfs–Hanhart edition (Septuaginta, rev. ed. 2006), an ancient and public-domain text; the critical apparatus is not reproduced. The LXX of 3 Kingdoms differs markedly from the Masoretic 1 Kings in this chapter: the Greek lacks the equivalents of MT vv. 11–14 (the divine word to Solomon), v. 18 (the cedar carved with gourds and open flowers), and the closing vv. 37–38 (foundation in Ziv, completion in Bul after seven years), so that the 31 verses present here carry the numbers 1–10, 15–17, 19–36; the verse-numbers of this edition are retained exactly and not renumbered. Verse 1 is greatly expanded in the LXX relative to the MT: it dates the founding not to the 480th but to the 440th year after the Exodus (τεσσαρακοστῷ καὶ τετρακοσιοστῷ ἔτει) and folds into a single verse the command to quarry great costly stones (λίθους μεγάλους τιμίους), the hewing by the workmen of Solomon and Hiram, the foundation in the month Niso, and the completion in the eleventh year in the month Baal (here called the eighth month). The chapter narrates the building of the temple: its dimensions (v. 2), the αιλαμ or porch (v. 3), the latticed windows (v. 4), the surrounding side-chambers (πλευραί) in three storeys (vv. 5–8), the cedar ceiling (v. 9), the cedar-panelled interior and the δαβιρ or inner sanctuary set apart as the Holy of Holies to house the ark (vv. 15–22), the two cherubim overlaid with gold (vv. 23–28), the walls and doors carved with cherubim, palm-trees (φοίνικες) and outspread flowers (πέταλα διαπεπετασμένα) and overlaid with gold (vv. 29–35), and the inner court with the curtain of the porch (v. 36). The architectural loanwords αιλαμ (Hebrew אוּלָם, 'porch / vestibule') and δαβιρ (Hebrew דְּבִיר, 'inner sanctuary / oracle'), together with the transliteration χερουβιν / χερουβ (כְּרוּב), are left untranslated by the Greek translator and are treated here as indeclinable. Note the recurring technical verb ἐκοιλοστάθμησεν ('he ceiled / panelled with coffer-work', vv. 9, 15) and the leitmotif περιέσχεν χρυσίῳ ('he covered with gold') that dominates the second half. The inline edition markers present in vv. 1 and 36 have been removed and are not represented by word objects.

1

καὶ ἐγενήθη ἐν τῷ τεσσαρακοστῷ καὶ τετρακοσιοστῷ ἔτει τῆς ἐξόδου υἱῶν Ισραηλ ἐξ Αἰγύπτου τῷ ἔτει τῷ τετάρτῳ ἐν μηνὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ βασιλεύοντος τοῦ βασιλέως Σαλωμων ἐπὶ Ισραηλ καὶ ἐνετείλατο ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ αἴρουσιν λίθους μεγάλους τιμίους εἰς τὸν θεμέλιον τοῦ οἴκου καὶ λίθους ἀπελεκήτους καὶ ἐπελέκησαν οἱ υἱοὶ Σαλωμων καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Χιραμ καὶ ἔβαλαν αὐτούς ἐν τῷ ἔτει τῷ τετάρτῳ ἐθεμελίωσεν τὸν οἶκον κυρίου ἐν μηνὶ Νισω τῷ δευτέρῳ μηνί ἐν ἑνδεκάτῳ ἐνιαυτῷ ἐν μηνὶ Βααλ οὗτος ὁ μὴν ὁ ὄγδοος συνετελέσθη ὁ οἶκος εἰς πάντα λόγον αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰς πᾶσαν διάταξιν αὐτοῦ

And it came to pass in the four hundred and fortieth year of the going-out of the sons of Israel from Egypt, in the fourth year, in the second month, while King Solomon was reigning over Israel, that the king gave command, and they take up great, costly stones for the foundation of the house, and unhewn stones; and the sons of Solomon and the sons of Hiram hewed them and laid them. In the fourth year he founded the house of the LORD, in the month Niso, the second month; in the eleventh year, in the month Baal — this is the eighth month — the house was finished according to all its plan and according to all its arrangement.

Chapter opening: temporal-narrative formula (LXX expansion)καὶ ἐγενήθη
The opening καὶ ἐγενήθη renders the Hebrew narrative formula וַיְהִי, here introducing an elaborate dating clause. The LXX verse is far longer than MT 1 Kgs 6:1, gathering into a single sentence the date (440th year of the Exodus, Solomon's fourth year), the command to quarry, the hewing and laying of the stones, and the completion in the eleventh year — material the MT distributes across vv. 1, 37–38 and 5:17–18. The genitive-absolute βασιλεύοντος τοῦ βασιλέως Σαλωμων sets the regnal frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 95 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction (Hebraizing καί-parataxis)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγενήθηit came to passAor Pass Indic 3 Sg · γίνομαιmain verb (impersonal narrative formula)→ constative aorist (event-framing)γίνομαι (aor. pass. ἐγενήθη): 'become / come to pass'; renders the Hebrew narrative opener וַיְהִי ('and it came to pass'), a standard LXX device for introducing a dated event; here it governs the whole expanded dating clause.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (temporal)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (temporal).
τῷtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τεσσαρακοστῷfortiethDativeordinal adjective (with ἔτει)→ sphere or referenceτεσσαρακοστός: 'fortieth'; ordinal; combined with τετρακοσιοστῷ ('four-hundredth') it yields 'the four hundred and fortieth year' — the LXX's reckoning of the interval since the Exodus, against the MT's 480 (1 Kgs 6:1).
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (joining the two ordinals)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τετρακοσιοστῷfour-hundredthDativeordinal adjective (with ἔτει)→ sphere or referenceτετρακοσιοστός: 'four-hundredth'; the compound number τεσσαρακοστῷ καὶ τετρακοσιοστῷ = 440; the LXX chronology here diverges from the Masoretic 480-year figure for the span from Exodus to temple-foundation.
ἔτειyearDativedative of time (when)→ sphere or referenceἔτος: 'year'; renders שָׁנָה; the temporal dative anchors the temple-foundation in the Exodus chronology.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐξόδουgoing-out / exodusGenitivegenitive (defining the reckoning-point)→ relational specificationἔξοδος: 'going out / departure / exodus'; renders יְצִיאַת / צֵאת; the term that names the book of Exodus here marks the foundational event from which the chronology is measured.
υἱῶνof the sonsGenitivegenitive (subjective: the sons' going-out)→ relational specificationυἱός: 'son'; the phrase υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ('sons of Israel') renders בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, the standard designation of the covenant people.
ΙσραηλIsraelgenitive of relationship (indeclinable proper noun)→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliteration of Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל; indeclinable in the LXX; here the people, the subject of the Exodus.
ἐξout ofpreposition + genitive (source)→ spatial or relational framingἐξ: meaning 'out of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (source).
ΑἰγύπτουEgyptGenitivegenitive of source (object of ἐξ)→ relational specificationΑἴγυπτος: standard LXX rendering of מִצְרַיִם; declinable; the land of the bondage from which Israel came out.
τῷtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔτειyearDativedative of time (Solomon's regnal year)→ sphere or referenceἔτος: here the second temporal anchor — the fourth year of Solomon's reign.
τῷtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τετάρτῳfourthDativeordinal adjective (with ἔτει)→ sphere or referenceτέταρτος: 'fourth'; ordinal; the fourth regnal year of Solomon as the year of the foundation (cf. v. 1b).
ἐνinpreposition + dative (temporal)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (temporal).
μηνὶmonthDativedative of time→ sphere or referenceμήν: 'month'; renders חֹדֶשׁ; the calendrical specification continues the precise dating of the building-work.
τῷtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρῳsecondDativeordinal adjective (with μηνί)→ sphere or referenceδεύτερος: 'second'; ordinal; the second month (later identified with Niso, v. 1b) as the month of foundation.
βασιλεύοντοςwhile reigningPres Act Part gen masc sg · βασιλεύωgenitive absolute (temporal frame)→ durative present participle (reign in progress)βασιλεύω: 'reign / be king'; the present participle in a genitive-absolute construction (βασιλεύοντος τοῦ βασιλέως Σαλωμων) sets the temporal frame: 'while Solomon was reigning over Israel.'
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with βασιλέως)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλέωςkingGenitivegenitive subject of the genitive absolute→ relational specificationβασιλεύς: 'king'; renders מֶלֶךְ; the noun of the genitive-absolute, in apposition with Σαλωμων.
ΣαλωμωνSolomongenitive in apposition (indeclinable proper noun)→ participant identificationΣαλωμων: transliteration of Hebrew שְׁלֹמֹה; in Rahlfs' 3 Kingdoms it is treated as indeclinable; the temple-builder king.
ἐπὶoverpreposition + accusative (rule over)→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'over'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (rule over).
ΙσραηλIsraelaccusative object of ἐπί (indeclinable)→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: here the kingdom over which Solomon reigns.
καὶandnarrative conjunction (apodosis after the dating clause)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνετείλατοcommandedAor Mid Indic 3 Sg · ἐντέλλομαιmain verb (royal command)→ constative aorist (single decree)ἐντέλλομαι: 'command / give charge'; deponent; renders צִוָּה; the king's command sets the quarrying in motion.
theNominativearticle (with βασιλεύς)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingNominativesubject→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: the subject of ἐνετείλατο, i.e. Solomon.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἴρουσινthey take upPres Act Indic 3 Pl · αἴρωmain verb (historic present)→ historic present (vivid narration of the quarrying)αἴρω: 'lift / take up / carry'; renders נָסַע / נָשָׂא; the historic present vivifies the quarrying operation; the unnamed plural subject is the workforce.
λίθουςstonesAccusativedirect object of αἴρουσιν→ object specificationλίθος: 'stone'; renders אֶבֶן; the costly foundation stones of the temple (cf. 1 Kgs 5:17 MT).
μεγάλουςgreatAccusativeattributive adjective (with λίθους)→ object specificationμέγας: 'great / large'; renders גָּדוֹל; describes the massive foundation blocks.
τιμίουςcostlyAccusativeattributive adjective (with λίθους)→ object specificationτίμιος: 'costly / precious / valuable'; renders יָקָר; emphasises the worth of the dressed stone laid in the foundation.
εἰςforpreposition + accusative (purpose)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (purpose).
τὸνtheAccusativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεμέλιονfoundationAccusativeaccusative of purpose (object of εἰς)→ object specificationθεμέλιος: 'foundation'; renders יְסוֹד / מוּסָד; the base course for which the great stones are taken up.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (possessive: the house's foundation)→ relational specificationοἶκος: 'house'; renders בַּיִת; throughout the chapter ὁ οἶκος is the temple, 'the house of the LORD.'
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λίθουςstonesAccusativedirect object (second object of αἴρουσιν)→ object specificationλίθος: a second batch of stones, here qualified as 'unhewn.'
ἀπελεκήτουςunhewnAccusativeattributive adjective (with λίθους)→ object specificationἀπελέκητος: 'unhewn / not dressed with the axe'; from ἀ- (negative) + πελεκάω ('hew with an axe, πέλεκυς'); renders Hebrew stone not yet worked; contrast the dressed κατειργασμένη κέδρος of v. 36.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπελέκησανthey hewedAor Act Indic 3 Pl · πελεκάωmain verb (the dressing of the stones)→ constative aoristπελεκάω: 'hew / dress (stone or timber) with an axe (πέλεκυς)'; cognate with ἀπελέκητος above; the workmen now dress the stones that had been brought up unworked.
οἱtheNominativearticle (with υἱοί)→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonsNominativesubject (the workmen of Solomon)→ participant prominenceυἱός: 'son'; here 'the sons (workmen / men) of Solomon' — the labour-force under the king; the same idiom recurs for Hiram's men.
Σαλωμωνof Solomongenitive of relationship (indeclinable)→ participant identificationΣαλωμων: genitive sense ('Solomon's men') though indeclinable in form.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheNominativearticle (with υἱοί)→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὶsonsNominativesubject (the workmen of Hiram)→ participant prominenceυἱός: 'the sons (men) of Hiram', the Tyrian craftsmen supplied by Hiram of Tyre (cf. 1 Kgs 5).
Χιραμof Hiramgenitive of relationship (indeclinable proper noun)→ participant identificationΧιραμ: transliteration of Hebrew חִירָם, Hiram king of Tyre, whose craftsmen and materials supplied Solomon's building (1 Kgs 5:1–12); indeclinable.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔβαλανthey laidAor Act Indic 3 Pl · βάλλωmain verb (the setting of the stones)→ constative aoristβάλλω: 'throw / put / lay'; the late aorist ἔβαλαν (for ἔβαλον) is common in the LXX; here 'they laid / set' the dressed stones in place.
αὐτούςthemAccusativedirect object (the stones)→ participant referenceαὐτός: resumptive pronoun referring to the λίθοι ('stones').
ἐνinpreposition + dative (temporal)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (temporal).
τῷtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔτειyearDativedative of time→ sphere or referenceἔτος: again the temporal anchor — the fourth year, now of the founding proper.
τῷtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τετάρτῳfourthDativeordinal adjective (with ἔτει)→ sphere or referenceτέταρτος: 'fourth'; resumes the regnal dating for the act of foundation.
ἐθεμελίωσενhe foundedAor Act Indic 3 Sg · θεμελιόωmain verb (laying the foundation)→ constative aoristθεμελιόω: 'lay a foundation / found'; cognate with θεμέλιον above; renders יָסַד; the laying of the temple's foundation is the decisive act dated here.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseAccusativedirect object of ἐθεμελίωσεν→ object specificationοἶκος: the temple, here 'the house of the LORD.'
κυρίουof the LORDGenitivegenitive of possession (the LORD's house)→ relational specificationκύριος (gen. κυρίου): the standard LXX rendering of the Tetragrammaton יהוה; 'the house of the LORD' is the temple as YHWH's dwelling.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (temporal)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (temporal).
μηνὶmonthDativedative of time→ sphere or referenceμήν: 'month'; here named Niso.
ΝισωNisoindeclinable month-name (in apposition with μηνί)→ participant identificationΝισω: transliterated month-name corresponding to Hebrew זִו (Ziv), the second month; indeclinable; the LXX form here is Νισω (cf. the later Babylonian Nisan).
τῷtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρῳsecondDativeordinal adjective (with μηνί)→ sphere or referenceδεύτερος: 'second'; identifying Niso as the second month of the year.
μηνίmonthDativedative in apposition (epexegetic: 'the second month')→ sphere or referenceμήν: repeated for clarification — τῷ δευτέρῳ μηνί, 'in the second month.'
ἐνinpreposition + dative (temporal)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (temporal).
ἑνδεκάτῳeleventhDativeordinal adjective (with ἐνιαυτῷ)→ sphere or referenceἑνδέκατος: 'eleventh'; the regnal year in which the house was completed — i.e. seven years after the founding (cf. MT v. 38).
ἐνιαυτῷyearDativedative of time→ sphere or referenceἐνιαυτός: 'year'; a synonym of ἔτος, here marking the year of completion.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (temporal)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (temporal).
μηνὶmonthDativedative of time→ sphere or referenceμήν: here named Baal, identified as the eighth month.
ΒααλBaalindeclinable month-name (in apposition with μηνί)→ participant identificationΒααλ: transliterated month-name corresponding to Hebrew בּוּל (Bul), the eighth month (so identified in the next clause); indeclinable; not the deity but the calendrical name.
οὗτοςthisNominativedemonstrative subject (of the explanatory clause)→ participant referenceοὗτος: 'this'; introduces the parenthetical identification 'this is the eighth month.'
theNominativearticle (with μήν)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μὴνmonthNominativepredicate nominative ('this month')→ discourse linkage or contrastμήν: 'month'; the subject-complement in the gloss 'this is the eighth month.'
theNominativearticle (with ὄγδοος)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄγδοοςeighthNominativepredicate adjective (identifying the month)→ participant prominenceὄγδοος: 'eighth'; the editorial gloss equates the month Baal/Bul with the eighth month of the year.
συνετελέσθηwas finishedAor Pass Indic 3 Sg · συντελέωmain verb (completion of the house)→ constative aorist passive (achieved completion)συντελέω: 'complete / finish / bring to an end'; the compound συν- intensifies; renders כָּלָה; the passive marks the temple's completion as accomplished fact.
theNominativearticle (with οἶκος)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκοςhouseNominativesubject of συνετελέσθη→ participant prominenceοἶκος: the temple, whose completion the verse records.
εἰςaccording topreposition + accusative (norm / measure)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: here in the Hebraizing sense 'in accordance with / down to' (renders לְ), introducing the completeness of the work.
πάνταallAccusativeattributive adjective (with λόγον)→ object specificationπᾶς: 'all / every'; the temple was finished in conformity to every detail of its plan.
λόγονplan / specificationAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationλόγος: here in the concrete sense 'matter / account / specification'; renders דָּבָר; 'according to all its plan' — the design was carried out in full.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession (the house's plan)→ relational specificationαὐτός: possessive, 'its' — the house's.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςaccording topreposition + accusative (norm / measure)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (norm / measure).
πᾶσανallAccusativeattributive adjective (with διάταξιν)→ object specificationπᾶς: 'all / every'; reinforcing the completeness of the realized design.
διάταξινarrangementAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationδιάταξις: 'arrangement / ordering / disposition'; from διατάσσω ('arrange'); the parallel of λόγον — the temple was finished according to its whole ordered design.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the house's arrangement.
2

καὶ ὁ οἶκος ὃν ᾠκοδόμησεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Σαλωμων τῷ κυρίῳ τεσσαράκοντα πήχεων μῆκος αὐτοῦ καὶ εἴκοσι ἐν πήχει πλάτος αὐτοῦ καὶ πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι ἐν πήχει τὸ ὕψος αὐτοῦ

And the house which King Solomon built for the LORD — forty cubits its length, and twenty by the cubit its breadth, and twenty-five by the cubit its height.

Descriptive specification: the dimensions of the houseκαὶ ὁ οἶκος
A nominal (verbless) measurement clause typical of architectural description: the subject ὁ οἶκος is picked up by a relative clause naming the builder and dedicatee, then resolved by three dimension-phrases (length / breadth / height) in the casus pendens style of the Hebrew Vorlage. The recurring formula ἐν πήχει ('by the cubit') is a Hebraism (בָּאַמָּה).
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
theNominativearticle (with οἶκος)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκοςhouseNominativesubject (casus pendens, resolved by the dimensions)→ participant prominenceοἶκος: the temple, now described by its measurements.
ὃνwhichAccusativerelative pronoun (object of ᾠκοδόμησεν)→ participant referenceὅς: relative pronoun; accusative as object of the verb in the relative clause.
ᾠκοδόμησενbuiltAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωverb of relative clause→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build'; cognate with οἶκος; renders בָּנָה; the leading verb of the whole building-narrative, recurring throughout the chapter (vv. 3, 9, 10, 15, 16, 36).
theNominativearticle (with βασιλεύς)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεὺςkingNominativesubject of the relative clause→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: 'king'; in apposition with Σαλωμων.
ΣαλωμωνSolomonsubject in apposition (indeclinable)→ participant identificationΣαλωμων: the builder of the house.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with κυρίῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDDativedative of advantage (the house built for the LORD)→ sphere or referenceκύριος (dat. κυρίῳ): rendering of the Tetragrammaton יהוה; the house is built 'for the LORD' as his dwelling.
τεσσαράκονταfortyindeclinable cardinal (measure of length)→ measure or countτεσσαράκοντα: 'forty'; indeclinable cardinal; the length of the house in cubits.
πήχεωνof cubitsGenitivegenitive of measure (with τεσσαράκοντα)→ relational specificationπῆχυς (gen. pl. πήχεων): 'cubit', the standard forearm-length unit; renders אַמָּה; the basic measure of the whole chapter.
μῆκοςlengthNominativenominative of dimension (predicate-like)→ participant prominenceμῆκος: 'length'; renders אֹרֶךְ; the first of the three standard dimensions.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the house's length.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (measure of breadth)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; indeclinable cardinal; the breadth of the house in cubits.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure: Hebraism 'by the cubit')→ spatial or relational framingἐν: in ἐν πήχει the preposition is a Hebraism rendering בָּאַמָּה ('by the cubit'), the standard LXX way of expressing measurement.
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure (with ἐν)→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς (dat. sg. πήχει): the unit of measure in the formula ἐν πήχει.
πλάτοςbreadthNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceπλάτος: 'breadth / width'; renders רֹחַב; the second dimension.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the house's breadth.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (with εἴκοσι: twenty-five)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; with καὶ εἴκοσι forms 'twenty-five', the height in cubits.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (compound numeral)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (compound: 25)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: with πέντε = 'twenty-five.'
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (measure).
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς: the cubit-unit again.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with ὕψος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕψοςheightNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceὕψος: 'height'; renders קוֹמָה; the third dimension, twenty-five cubits.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the house's height.
3

καὶ τὸ αιλαμ κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ ναοῦ εἴκοσι ἐν πήχει μῆκος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πλάτος τοῦ οἴκου καὶ δέκα ἐν πήχει τὸ πλάτος αὐτοῦ κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ οἴκου καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τὸν οἶκον καὶ συνετέλεσεν αὐτόν

And the αιλαμ (porch) in front of the temple — twenty by the cubit its length, across the breadth of the house; and ten by the cubit its breadth in front of the house; and he built the house and completed it.

Descriptive specification: the porch and its dimensionsκαὶ τὸ αιλαμ
The verse describes the αιλαμ (porch / vestibule) standing before the ναός (the main hall), with its own length and breadth, then closes the building-summary with ᾠκοδόμησεν … καὶ συνετέλεσεν, a verb-pair (built / completed) that frames each major building unit in the chapter (cf. v. 9). αιλαμ is an untranslated Hebrew loanword treated as indeclinable neuter.
Word-by-word analysis· 35 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with αιλαμ; neuter)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αιλαμporch / vestibulesubject (indeclinable architectural loanword)→ clausal contributionαιλαμ: untranslated transliteration of Hebrew אוּלָם, 'porch / vestibule / portico'; the entrance-hall before the main temple-room; indeclinable, construed as neuter with the article τό.
κατὰin front ofpreposition + accusative (position: facing)→ spatial or relational framingκατά + acc.: in the phrase κατὰ πρόσωπον ('before the face of / in front of'), a Hebraism rendering עַל־פְּנֵי / לִפְנֵי, denoting position facing the temple.
πρόσωπονface / frontAccusativeaccusative (object of κατά, idiom 'in front of')→ object specificationπρόσωπον: 'face / front'; in κατὰ πρόσωπον it means 'in front of'; renders פָּנִים.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with ναοῦ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ναοῦtemple / naveGenitivegenitive (with πρόσωπον)→ relational specificationναός: 'temple / shrine / main hall'; renders הֵיכָל; here the great hall (the holy place) before which the porch stands; distinguished from οἶκος (the whole house) and δαβιρ (the inner sanctuary).
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (measure)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; the porch's length in cubits, matching the breadth of the house.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (measure).
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς: the cubit-unit.
μῆκοςlengthNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceμῆκος: 'length'; here the porch's length.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the porch's length.
εἰςacross / topreposition + accusative (extent)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: here 'extending across / corresponding to', the porch's length matching the breadth of the house.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with πλάτος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλάτοςbreadthAccusativeaccusative (object of εἰς)→ object specificationπλάτος: 'breadth'; the house's width, which the porch's length spans.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession (the house's breadth)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple as a whole.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δέκαtenindeclinable cardinal (measure)→ measure or countδέκα: 'ten'; the porch's breadth in cubits.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (measure).
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς: the cubit-unit.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with πλάτος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλάτοςbreadthNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceπλάτος: 'breadth'; the porch's own width, ten cubits.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the porch's breadth.
κατὰin front ofpreposition + accusative (position)→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'in front of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (position).
πρόσωπονfrontAccusativeaccusative (idiom 'in front of')→ object specificationπρόσωπον: in κατὰ πρόσωπον, 'in front of.'
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (with πρόσωπον)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple, before which the porch is set.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησενhe builtAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build'; the recurring building-verb; subject is Solomon.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with οἶκον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseAccusativedirect object of ᾠκοδόμησεν→ object specificationοἶκος: the temple.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνετέλεσενhe completedAor Act Indic 3 Sg · συντελέωmain verb (completion)→ constative aoristσυντελέω: 'finish / complete'; the verb-pair ᾠκοδόμησεν … συνετέλεσεν ('built … completed') is a structural refrain (cf. v. 9).
αὐτόνitAccusativedirect object (the house)→ participant referenceαὐτός: resumptive object referring to ὁ οἶκος.
4

καὶ ἐποίησεν τῷ οἴκῳ θυρίδας παρακυπτομένας κρυπτάς

And he made for the house windows, latticed and recessed.

Building detail: the windowsκαὶ ἐποίησεν
A short καὶ ἐποίησεν clause — the recurring 'and he made' formula that introduces each fabrication-detail in the chapter. The two adjectives describe the windows as latticed/recessed (παρακυπτομένας) and concealed (κρυπτάς); the obscure Hebrew of MT 1 Kgs 6:4 (חַלּוֹנֵי שְׁקֻפִים אֲטֻמִים) is rendered by these participial/adjectival qualifiers.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενhe madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (fabrication formula)→ constative aoristποιέω: 'make / do'; renders עָשָׂה; the 'and he made' refrain introducing successive components of the temple (cf. vv. 5, 23, 31, 33).
τῷfor theDativearticle (with οἴκῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseDativedative of advantage ('for the house')→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: the temple, for which the windows are made.
θυρίδαςwindowsAccusativedirect object of ἐποίησεν→ object specificationθυρίς: 'window'; diminutive of θύρα ('door'); renders חַלּוֹן; the apertures set into the temple walls.
παρακυπτομέναςlatticed / looking-throughPres Mid/Pass Part acc fem pl · παρακύπτωattributive participle (with θυρίδας)→ descriptive present participleπαρακύπτω: 'stoop / peer through / look in'; the passive participle here describes windows as 'made for looking through' — i.e. latticed or framed apertures; renders the difficult Hebrew שְׁקֻפִים ('framed / fixed').
κρυπτάςhidden / recessedAccusativeattributive adjective (with θυρίδας)→ object specificationκρυπτός: 'hidden / concealed / secret'; renders אֲטֻמִים ('closed / recessed'); the windows are recessed or latticed so as to be partly concealed; verbal adjective from κρύπτω ('hide').
5

καὶ ἔδωκεν ἐπὶ τὸν τοῖχον τοῦ οἴκου μέλαθρα κυκλόθεν τῷ ναῷ καὶ τῷ δαβιρ καὶ ἐποίησεν πλευρὰς κυκλόθεν

And he set upon the wall of the house beams round about, for the nave and for the δαβιρ (inner sanctuary); and he made side-chambers round about.

Building detail: the surrounding beams and side-chambersκαὶ ἔδωκεν
ἔδωκεν here in the Hebraizing sense 'set / placed' (renders נָתַן). The verse introduces the πλευραί — the lateral side-chambers built round the nave and the δαβιρ, which the next verses (6–8) describe storey by storey. δαβιρ, like αιλαμ, is an untranslated Hebrew loanword (here for the inner sanctuary).
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔδωκενhe set / putAor Act Indic 3 Sg · δίδωμιmain verb (Hebraizing 'set / place')→ constative aoristδίδωμι: 'give'; here in the extended Hebraizing sense 'set / place / lay' (rendering נָתַן), used of installing the beams against the wall.
ἐπὶuponpreposition + accusative (position)→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (position).
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with τοῖχον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοῖχονwallAccusativeaccusative (object of ἐπί)→ object specificationτοῖχος: 'wall (of a building)'; renders קִיר; the outer wall against which the side-structures are set; distinguished from τεῖχος ('city-wall').
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
μέλαθραbeams / raftersAccusativedirect object of ἔδωκεν→ object specificationμέλαθρον: 'roof-beam / rafter / framework'; here the supporting timbers or joists set round the house to carry the side-chambers; renders the structural members of the lateral building.
κυκλόθενround aboutadverb of place (encircling)→ clausal contributionκυκλόθεν: 'round about / on every side'; renders סָבִיב; a leitmotif of the side-chamber description, marking the structures as encircling the temple.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with ναῷ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ναῷnave / temple-hallDativedative of advantage ('for the nave')→ sphere or referenceναός: the main hall (holy place); here, with δαβιρ, the two interior spaces around which the side-chambers run.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with δαβιρ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δαβιρinner sanctuarydative of advantage (indeclinable architectural loanword)→ clausal contributionδαβιρ: untranslated transliteration of Hebrew דְּבִיר, 'inner sanctuary / oracle / hindmost chamber'; the innermost room (the Holy of Holies) of the temple; indeclinable, construed here with the dative article τῷ.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενhe madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (fabrication formula)→ constative aoristποιέω: 'make'; the 'and he made' refrain, here of the side-chambers.
πλευρὰςside-chambersAccusativedirect object of ἐποίησεν→ object specificationπλευρά: 'side / rib'; here the technical 'side-chamber / lateral structure' (rendering צֵלָע / יָצִיעַ), the rooms built in storeys against the temple's outer wall (described in vv. 6, 8); the term recurs in vv. 6, 8, 15.
κυκλόθενround aboutadverb of place→ clausal contributionκυκλόθεν: 'round about'; the side-chambers encircle the house.
6

ἡ πλευρὰ ἡ ὑποκάτω πέντε πήχεων τὸ πλάτος αὐτῆς καὶ τὸ μέσον ἕξ καὶ ἡ τρίτη ἑπτὰ ἐν πήχει τὸ πλάτος αὐτῆς ὅτι διάστημα ἔδωκεν τῷ οἴκῳ κυκλόθεν ἔξωθεν τοῦ οἴκου ὅπως μὴ ἐπιλαμβάνωνται τῶν τοίχων τοῦ οἴκου

The lowest side-chamber, five cubits its breadth; and the middle, six; and the third, seven cubits its breadth; for he gave a recess to the house round about, outside the house, so that they should not take hold of the walls of the house.

Specification: the three storeys of side-chambers and the offset recessἡ πλευρὰ ἡ ὑποκάτω
The three storeys (lowest / middle / third) increase in breadth (5 / 6 / 7 cubits), an arrangement explained by the ὅτι-clause: a διάστημα ('recess / set-back ledge') was given round the outside so the beams would rest on offsets rather than penetrating the temple walls — the ὅπως μή purpose-clause ('so they should not take hold of the walls') preserves the sanctity of the structure.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
theNominativearticle (with πλευρά)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλευρὰside-chamberNominativesubject (the lowest storey)→ participant prominenceπλευρά: 'side-chamber'; here the lowest of the three storeys built against the wall.
theNominativearticle (attributive, with ὑποκάτω)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑποκάτωlowest / underneathadverb used attributively (ἡ … ὑποκάτω: 'the lower one')→ clausal contributionὑποκάτω: 'below / underneath / lowest'; with the article it functions adjectivally, 'the lowest (storey)'; renders הַתַּחְתֹּנָה.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (measure)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; the breadth of the lowest storey in cubits.
πήχεωνof cubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς (gen. pl. πήχεων): 'cubits'; the measure-unit.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with πλάτος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλάτοςbreadthNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceπλάτος: 'breadth'; the width of the lowest side-chamber.
αὐτῆςitsGenitivegenitive of possession (fem.: the πλευρά's)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the (feminine) side-chamber's breadth.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheNominativearticle (substantival: 'the middle one')→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέσονmiddleNominativesubstantival adjective (the middle storey)→ participant prominenceμέσος: 'middle'; τὸ μέσον = 'the middle (storey)'; renders הַתִּיכֹנָה.
ἕξsixindeclinable cardinal (measure)→ clausal contributionἕξ: 'six'; the breadth of the middle storey in cubits.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
theNominativearticle (with τρίτη)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρίτηthirdNominativeordinal used substantivally (the third storey)→ participant prominenceτρίτος: 'third'; ἡ τρίτη = 'the third (storey)'; renders הַשְּׁלִישִׁית.
ἑπτὰsevenindeclinable cardinal (measure)→ measure or countἑπτά: 'seven'; the breadth of the third storey in cubits — the storeys widen as they rise.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (measure).
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς: the cubit-unit.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with πλάτος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλάτοςbreadthNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceπλάτος: 'breadth'; the width of the third storey.
αὐτῆςitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the third side-chamber's breadth.
ὅτιbecause / forcausal conjunction (introducing explanation)→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: 'because / for'; introduces the reason for the stepped widths — the offset recess set round the house.
διάστημαrecess / intervalAccusativedirect object of ἔδωκεν→ object specificationδιάστημα: 'interval / gap / set-back'; here the offset ledge (Hebrew מִגְרָעוֹת, 'rebatements') built into the outer wall so the chamber-beams rest on the recess rather than into the wall itself.
ἔδωκενhe gave / madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · δίδωμιmain verb (Hebraizing 'set / provide')→ constative aoristδίδωμι: here 'gave / provided' (Hebraizing נָתַן) — he set a recess round the house.
τῷto theDativearticle (with οἴκῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseDativeindirect object ('to / for the house')→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: the temple, round which the recess runs.
κυκλόθενround aboutadverb of place→ clausal contributionκυκλόθεν: 'round about'; the recess encircles the house.
ἔξωθενoutsideadverb / improper preposition + genitive (position)→ spatial or relational framingἔξωθεν: 'from without / outside'; with the genitive τοῦ οἴκου, 'outside the house' — the recess is on the exterior wall.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (with ἔξωθεν)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
ὅπωςso thatpurpose conjunction (with μή + subjunctive)→ discourse linkage or contrastὅπως: 'so that / in order that'; with μή introduces a negative purpose clause.
μὴnotnegative (with subjunctive)→ clausal qualification or emphasisμή: the negative used in purpose and subjunctive clauses.
ἐπιλαμβάνωνταιthey take hold ofPres Mid Subj 3 Pl · ἐπιλαμβάνωverb of negative purpose clause→ present subjunctive (purpose: 'should not lay hold')ἐπιλαμβάνομαι: 'take hold of / grasp / fasten into' (with genitive); here of the chamber-beams 'gripping' or being inserted into the temple walls — the recess prevents this, keeping the walls intact.
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with τοίχων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοίχωνwallsGenitivegenitive object of ἐπιλαμβάνωνται→ relational specificationτοῖχος: 'wall'; genitive as the object of ἐπιλαμβάνομαι; the temple's walls are not to be breached by the chamber-beams.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession (the house's walls)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
7

καὶ ὁ οἶκος ἐν τῷ οἰκοδομεῖσθαι αὐτὸν λίθοις ἀκροτόμοις ἀργοῖς ᾠκοδομήθη καὶ σφῦρα καὶ πέλεκυς καὶ πᾶν σκεῦος σιδηροῦν οὐκ ἠκούσθη ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ ἐν τῷ οἰκοδομεῖσθαι αὐτόν

And the house, in its being built, was built of rough quarried stones; and hammer and axe and any iron tool was not heard in the house while it was being built.

Notable detail: the silent construction in dressed stoneκαὶ ὁ οἶκος
The famous note that no iron tool was heard at the temple-site: the stones were dressed (ἀκρότομοι, 'quarried / cut at the edge') away from the building, so that hammer, axe and every iron implement were silent in the house. The articular infinitive ἐν τῷ οἰκοδομεῖσθαι αὐτόν ('while it was being built') frames the whole, an inclusio repeated at the verse's end.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
theNominativearticle (with οἶκος)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκοςhouseNominativesubject of ᾠκοδομήθη→ participant prominenceοἶκος: the temple.
ἐνin / duringpreposition + dative articular infinitive (temporal)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: with the articular infinitive (ἐν τῷ + inf.) it forms a temporal clause, 'while / during' — a common LXX construction rendering בְּ + infinitive.
τῷtheDativearticle (with the infinitive)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἰκοδομεῖσθαιbeing builtPres Mid/Pass Inf · οἰκοδομέωarticular infinitive (temporal: 'while it was being built')→ durative present infinitiveοἰκοδομέω (pres. pass. inf.): 'be built'; the articular infinitive ἐν τῷ οἰκοδομεῖσθαι frames the time of construction; repeated at the verse's end as an inclusio.
αὐτὸνitAccusativeaccusative subject of the infinitive (the house)→ participant referenceαὐτός: the accusative subject of the passive infinitive ('its being built').
λίθοιςstonesDativedative of material/means (built 'with stones')→ sphere or referenceλίθος: 'stone'; dative of material — the house was constructed of stone already dressed at the quarry.
ἀκροτόμοιςquarried / sharp-cutDativeattributive adjective (with λίθοις)→ sphere or referenceἀκρότομος: 'cut at the edge / quarried / hard-cut'; from ἄκρον + τέμνω; describes stone cut sharply from the rock-face (cf. the ἀκρότομος rock of Deut 8:15); here the finished blocks brought ready to the site.
ἀργοῖςunwrought / undressed (on site)Dativeattributive adjective (with λίθοις)→ sphere or referenceἀργός: lit. 'inactive / unworked'; here in tension with ἀκροτόμοις — the stones were cut at the quarry but left 'unworked' (no further tooling) at the building-site, so that no iron was heard; renders the Hebrew note that the stone was 'made ready' (שְׁלֵמָה) before being brought.
ᾠκοδομήθηwas builtAor Pass Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb (passive)→ constative aorist passiveοἰκοδομέω (aor. pass.): 'be built'; the main predication of the verse — the house was built of pre-dressed stone.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σφῦραhammerNominativesubject (compound subject of ἠκούσθη)→ participant prominenceσφῦρα: 'hammer / mallet'; renders מַקֶּבֶת; the first of the three tools whose sound was absent.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέλεκυςaxeNominativesubject (compound)→ participant prominenceπέλεκυς: 'axe / hatchet'; renders גַּרְזֶן; cognate with πελεκάω ('hew', v. 1) and ἀπελέκητος ('unhewn'); the stone-axe whose sound was not heard.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶνeveryNominativeattributive adjective (with σκεῦος)→ participant prominenceπᾶς: 'every / any'; πᾶν σκεῦος = 'any tool'.
σκεῦοςtool / implementNominativesubject (compound)→ participant prominenceσκεῦος: 'vessel / implement / tool'; renders כְּלִי; here any iron working-tool.
σιδηροῦνof ironNominativeattributive adjective (with σκεῦος)→ participant prominenceσιδηροῦς: 'made of iron / iron-'; contracted from σιδήρεος; renders בַּרְזֶל; the silence of iron tools underscores the reverent, peaceable making of the sanctuary.
οὐκnotnegative (with ἠκούσθη)→ clausal qualification or emphasisοὐ (οὐκ before vowel): the negative of fact with the indicative.
ἠκούσθηwas heardAor Pass Indic 3 Sg · ἀκούωmain verb (passive, with compound subject)→ constative aorist passiveἀκούω (aor. pass. ἠκούσθη): 'be heard'; the singular agrees with the nearest/collective subject; renders נִשְׁמַע; no sound of tools was heard at the holy site.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (place)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (place).
τῷtheDativearticle (with οἴκῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκῳhouseDativedative of place ('in the house')→ sphere or referenceοἶκος: the temple-site, where no iron was heard.
ἐνduringpreposition + dative articular infinitive (temporal, inclusio)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: again with the articular infinitive, closing the temporal frame opened at the verse's start.
τῷtheDativearticle (with the infinitive)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἰκοδομεῖσθαιbeing builtPres Mid/Pass Inf · οἰκοδομέωarticular infinitive (temporal, inclusio with v.7a)→ durative present infinitiveοἰκοδομέω: the repeated articular infinitive forms an inclusio around the verse, bracketing the whole construction with the silence of iron.
αὐτόνitAccusativeaccusative subject of the infinitive (the house)→ participant referenceαὐτός: the house as subject of the passive infinitive.
8

καὶ ὁ πυλὼν τῆς πλευρᾶς τῆς ὑποκάτωθεν ὑπὸ τὴν ὠμίαν τοῦ οἴκου τὴν δεξιάν καὶ ἑλικτὴ ἀνάβασις εἰς τὸ μέσον καὶ ἐκ τῆς μέσης ἐπὶ τὰ τριώροφα

And the doorway of the lowest side-chamber was under the right shoulder of the house; and a winding stairway went up to the middle storey, and from the middle to the third-storey rooms.

Specification: the access to the side-chambersκαὶ ὁ πυλὼν
A verbless clause describing how the side-chambers were entered: the doorway of the lowest storey was on the right 'shoulder' (ὠμία, the side-flank) of the house, and a spiral stair (ἑλικτὴ ἀνάβασις) rose from there to the middle and on to the third storey (τὰ τριώροφα). The architectural vocabulary (ὠμία, ἑλικτή, τριώροφα) is precise and technical.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
theNominativearticle (with πυλών)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλὼνdoorway / gatewayNominativesubject (verbless clause)→ participant prominenceπυλών: 'gateway / portal / doorway'; renders פֶּתַח; the entrance to the lowest tier of side-chambers.
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with πλευρᾶς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλευρᾶςside-chamberGenitivegenitive of possession (the chamber's doorway)→ relational specificationπλευρά: 'side-chamber'; here the lowest tier, whose doorway is described.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (attributive, with ὑποκάτωθεν)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑποκάτωθενlowest / from beneathadverb used attributively ('the lowest')→ clausal contributionὑποκάτωθεν: 'from below / underneath / lowest'; with the article it qualifies πλευρᾶς, 'the lowest side-chamber'; cf. ὑποκάτω in v. 6.
ὑπὸunderpreposition + accusative (position)→ spatial or relational framingὑπό + acc.: 'under / beneath', of position; the doorway is beneath the right flank.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with ὠμίαν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὠμίανshoulder / side-flankAccusativeaccusative (object of ὑπό)→ object specificationὠμία: 'shoulder / shoulder-piece'; here architecturally the 'shoulder / flank' of the building (rendering כָּתֵף, the side-wall projection); the right shoulder = the south side of the temple.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession (the house's shoulder)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (attributive, with δεξιάν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεξιάνrightAccusativeattributive adjective (with ὠμίαν)→ object specificationδεξιός: 'right (hand/side)'; renders יְמָנִית; the right (south) shoulder of the house where the entrance lay.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἑλικτὴwinding / spiralNominativeattributive adjective (with ἀνάβασις)→ participant prominenceἑλικτός: 'winding / coiled / spiral'; verbal adjective from ἑλίσσω ('coil'); describes the spiral stair, renders the Hebrew note of a 'winding stair' (לוּלִּים).
ἀνάβασιςascent / stairwayNominativesubject (verbless clause)→ participant prominenceἀνάβασις: 'going up / ascent / staircase'; from ἀναβαίνω ('go up'); the stair giving access to the upper storeys.
εἰςtopreposition + accusative (goal)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (goal).
τὸtheAccusativearticle (substantival, with μέσον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέσονmiddle (storey)Accusativesubstantival adjective (goal of the ascent)→ object specificationμέσος: 'middle'; τὸ μέσον = 'the middle storey' (cf. v. 6); the stair's first landing.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfrompreposition + genitive (source)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (source).
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (substantival, with μέσης)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέσηςmiddle (storey)Genitivesubstantival adjective (source of the further ascent)→ relational specificationμέσος: 'middle'; ἐκ τῆς μέσης = 'from the middle (storey)', whence the stair continues upward.
ἐπὶto / up topreposition + accusative (goal)→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (goal).
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with τριώροφα)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τριώροφαthird-storey roomsAccusativesubstantival adjective (goal of the ascent)→ object specificationτριώροφος: 'three-storeyed / of the third floor'; from τρι- + ὄροφος ('roof / storey'); τὰ τριώροφα = 'the third-storey (chambers)'; renders הַשְּׁלִשִׁים.
9

καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τὸν οἶκον καὶ συνετέλεσεν αὐτόν καὶ ἐκοιλοστάθμησεν τὸν οἶκον κέδροις

And he built the house and completed it; and he ceiled the house with cedars.

Summary: completion and the cedar ceilingκαὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν
The verb-pair ᾠκοδόμησεν … συνετέλεσεν ('built … completed', as in v. 3) closes the structural shell; then the rare technical verb ἐκοιλοστάθμησεν ('ceiled / panelled with coffered hollow-work') introduces the cedar interior finishing, picked up again in v. 15.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησενhe builtAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build'; subject Solomon; resumes the building-summary.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with οἶκον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseAccusativedirect object→ object specificationοἶκος: the temple.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνετέλεσενhe completedAor Act Indic 3 Sg · συντελέωmain verb (completion)→ constative aoristσυντελέω: 'finish / complete'; the built/completed verb-pair (cf. v. 3).
αὐτόνitAccusativedirect object (the house)→ participant referenceαὐτός: resumptive object, the house.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκοιλοστάθμησενhe ceiled / panelledAor Act Indic 3 Sg · κοιλοσταθμέωmain verb (interior finishing)→ constative aoristκοιλοσταθμέω: 'ceil / panel with hollow coffer-work'; a rare compound (κοῖλος 'hollow' + σταθμός / σταθμάω 'fix / set'); renders the Hebrew סָפַן ('panel / cover'); describes the recessed coffered cedar ceiling; recurs in v. 15.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with οἶκον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseAccusativedirect object of ἐκοιλοστάθμησεν→ object specificationοἶκος: the temple, whose ceiling is panelled.
κέδροιςwith cedarsDativedative of material/means→ sphere or referenceκέδρος: 'cedar (tree / timber)'; renders אֶרֶז; the prized Lebanon cedar supplied by Hiram; dative of material for the ceiling.
10

καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τοὺς ἐνδέσμους δι᾿ ὅλου τοῦ οἴκου πέντε ἐν πήχει τὸ ὕψος αὐτοῦ καὶ συνέσχεν τὸν ἔνδεσμον ἐν ξύλοις κεδρίνοις

And he built the binders through the whole house, five by the cubit their height; and he held the binding fast with cedar timbers.

Building detail: the binding-beams of the side-structureκαὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν
The ἔνδεσμοι ('binders / tie-beams') run through the whole house, each storey five cubits high, and are fastened (συνέσχεν) with cedar timbers, binding the side-chambers to the temple. The verse closes the side-chamber account (after which the LXX omits MT vv. 11–14).
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησενhe builtAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build'; here of the tie-beam structure.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with ἐνδέσμους)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνδέσμουςbinders / tie-beamsAccusativedirect object of ᾠκοδόμησεν→ object specificationἔνδεσμος: 'binding / fastening / tie-beam'; from ἐν + δέω ('bind'); the structural ties running through the house that bound the side-chambers to the wall (rendering the יָצוּעַ / 'lateral structure' of MT).
δι᾿throughpreposition + genitive (extent)→ spatial or relational framingδιά + gen.: 'through / throughout'; δι᾿ ὅλου = 'throughout the whole.'
ὅλουwholeGenitiveattributive adjective (with οἴκου)→ relational specificationὅλος: 'whole / entire'; the binders run the full length of the house.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (with διά)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (measure)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; the height of each tier in cubits.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (measure).
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς: the cubit-unit.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with ὕψος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕψοςheightNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceὕψος: 'height'; the height of the binder-structure / each storey.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the structure's height.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνέσχενhe held fast / fastenedAor Act Indic 3 Sg · συνέχωmain verb (fastening)→ constative aoristσυνέχω: 'hold together / hold fast / bind'; the compound συν- denotes binding the structure together; the cedar timbers tie the binding to the house.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with ἔνδεσμον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔνδεσμονbindingAccusativedirect object of συνέσχεν→ object specificationἔνδεσμος: 'binding / tie'; the singular here for the binding-structure as a whole, fastened by cedar.
ἐνwithpreposition + dative (means)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: instrumental, 'with / by means of.'
ξύλοιςtimbersDativedative of means (with ἐν)→ sphere or referenceξύλον: 'wood / timber / beam'; renders עֵץ; the structural timber, here of cedar.
κεδρίνοιςof cedarDativeattributive adjective (with ξύλοις)→ sphere or referenceκέδρινος: 'made of cedar / cedarn'; adjective from κέδρος; the binding-timbers are of cedar.
15

καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τοὺς τοίχους τοῦ οἴκου διὰ ξύλων κεδρίνων ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐδάφους τοῦ οἴκου καὶ ἕως τῶν δοκῶν καὶ ἕως τῶν τοίχων ἐκοιλοστάθμησεν συνεχόμενα ξύλοις ἔσωθεν καὶ περιέσχεν τὸ ἔσω τοῦ οἴκου ἐν πλευραῖς πευκίναις

And he built the walls of the house with cedar timbers, from the floor of the house and as far as the rafters and as far as the walls he ceiled it, panelled with timber within; and he covered the inside of the house with planks of pine.

Interior finishing: the cedar-panelled walls (after the LXX gap of vv. 11–14)καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τοὺς τοίχους
After the LXX omits the equivalent of MT vv. 11–14 (the divine word), the narrative resumes at v. 15 with the interior. The walls are lined with cedar from floor (ἔδαφος) to rafters (δοκοί); the verb ἐκοιλοστάθμησεν reappears from v. 9; and the whole inside (τὸ ἔσω) is covered with pine planking (πλευραῖς πευκίναις).
Word-by-word analysis· 35 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησενhe builtAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build'; here of lining the walls with cedar.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with τοίχους)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοίχουςwallsAccusativedirect object of ᾠκοδόμησεν→ object specificationτοῖχος: 'wall'; the interior walls now panelled.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
διὰwith / by means ofpreposition + genitive (means)→ spatial or relational framingδιά + gen.: here instrumental, 'by means of / with' the cedar timbers.
ξύλωνtimbersGenitivegenitive of means (with διά)→ relational specificationξύλον: 'wood / timber'; the cedar boards lining the walls.
κεδρίνωνof cedarGenitiveattributive adjective (with ξύλων)→ relational specificationκέδρινος: 'of cedar'; the wall-panelling is cedar.
ἀπὸfrompreposition + genitive (lower limit)→ spatial or relational framingἀπό: 'from'; the lining runs ἀπὸ … ἕως ('from … as far as'), floor to rafters.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἐδάφους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐδάφουςfloor / groundGenitivegenitive (with ἀπό)→ relational specificationἔδαφος: 'floor / ground / bottom'; renders קַרְקַע; the floor as the lower limit of the panelling (cf. v. 30, the gilded floor).
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςas far aspreposition + genitive (upper limit)→ spatial or relational framingἕως: 'until / as far as'; marks the upper limit of the panelling.
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (with δοκῶν)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δοκῶνrafters / beamsGenitivegenitive (with ἕως)→ relational specificationδοκός: 'beam / rafter'; renders קוֹרָה; the ceiling-beams as the top limit of the wall-lining.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςas far aspreposition + genitive (limit)→ spatial or relational framingἕως: 'as far as'; extending to the walls themselves.
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (with τοίχων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοίχωνwallsGenitivegenitive (with ἕως)→ relational specificationτοῖχος: 'wall'; the panelling reaches to the walls.
ἐκοιλοστάθμησενhe ceiled / panelledAor Act Indic 3 Sg · κοιλοσταθμέωmain verb (interior panelling)→ constative aoristκοιλοσταθμέω: 'panel with coffered hollow-work'; the same technical verb as v. 9, here of the interior wall-and-ceiling panelling.
συνεχόμεναheld together / panelledPres Mid/Pass Part acc neut pl · συνέχωparticiple (describing the panelling as bound together)→ descriptive present participleσυνέχω (pres. pass. part.): 'hold together'; the neuter plural participle describes the timberwork fitted and bound together within (cf. συνέσχεν, v. 10).
ξύλοιςwith timbersDativedative of means (with συνεχόμενα)→ sphere or referenceξύλον: 'timber'; the means by which the interior is fitted together.
ἔσωθενwithin / insideadverb of place→ clausal contributionἔσωθεν: 'from within / inside'; the panelling is on the interior.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιέσχενhe covered / overlaidAor Act Indic 3 Sg · περιέχωmain verb (covering)→ constative aoristπεριέχω: 'encompass / cover round / overlay'; the leitmotif verb of the chapter's second half (περιέσχεν χρυσίῳ, vv. 20–22, 28, 30); here of covering the interior with pine planking.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (substantival, with ἔσω)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔσωinsideAccusativesubstantival adverb (the inside)→ object specificationἔσω: 'within / inside'; τὸ ἔσω = 'the inside (of the house)', the object covered with pine.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
ἐνwithpreposition + dative (means)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: instrumental, 'with.'
πλευραῖςplanks / boardsDativedative of means (with ἐν)→ sphere or referenceπλευρά: here in the sense 'plank / board / panel' (a different nuance from the 'side-chamber' of vv. 5–8); the pine boards lining the interior.
πευκίναιςof pineDativeattributive adjective (with πλευραῖς)→ sphere or referenceπεύκινος: 'of pine / firwood'; adjective from πεύκη ('pine / fir'); renders בְּרוֹשׁ ('cypress / fir'); the inner planking is pine/fir (cf. vv. 32, 34).
16

καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τοὺς εἴκοσι πήχεις ἀπ᾿ ἄκρου τοῦ οἴκου τὸ πλευρὸν τὸ ἓν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐδάφους ἕως τῶν δοκῶν καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐκ τοῦ δαβιρ εἰς τὸ ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων

And he built the twenty cubits from the rear of the house, the one side, from the floor as far as the rafters; and he made it from the δαβιρ to be the Holy of Holies.

Specification: partitioning the inner sanctuary (Holy of Holies)καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τοὺς εἴκοσι πήχεις
Twenty cubits at the rear (ἄκρον) of the house are walled off from floor to rafters to form the δαβιρ, which is thereby made into τὸ ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων ('the Holy of Holies'), the superlative-by-construct Hebraism קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים. The cube of the sanctuary is detailed in v. 20.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησενhe builtAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build'; here of partitioning off the sanctuary.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with πήχεις)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (with πήχεις)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; the depth in cubits of the partitioned inner room.
πήχειςcubitsAccusativeaccusative of extent (direct object)→ object specificationπῆχυς (acc. pl. πήχεις): 'cubits'; the twenty-cubit space walled off at the rear.
ἀπ᾿frompreposition + genitive (source)→ spatial or relational framingἀπό (elided ἀπ᾿): 'from'; measured from the rear extremity.
ἄκρουend / rearGenitivegenitive (with ἀπό)→ relational specificationἄκρον: 'tip / extremity / far end'; renders יַרְכָה ('rear / hindmost part'); the back of the house where the sanctuary is set.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with πλευρόν)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλευρὸνsideAccusativeaccusative in apposition ('the one side')→ object specificationπλευρόν: 'side'; neuter by-form of πλευρά; here the partition-wall / 'one side' of the inner room.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with ἕν)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἓνoneAccusativenumeral adjective (with πλευρόν)→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: 'one'; neuter ἕν agrees with πλευρόν, 'the one side / partition.'
ἀπὸfrompreposition + genitive (lower limit)→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (lower limit).
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἐδάφους)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐδάφουςfloorGenitivegenitive (with ἀπό)→ relational specificationἔδαφος: 'floor'; the partition rises from the floor.
ἕωςas far aspreposition + genitive (upper limit)→ spatial or relational framingἕως: 'as far as'; up to the rafters.
τῶνtheGenitivearticle (with δοκῶν)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δοκῶνraftersGenitivegenitive (with ἕως)→ relational specificationδοκός: 'beam / rafter'; the partition reaches the ceiling-beams (cf. v. 15).
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενhe madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · ποιέωmain verb→ constative aoristποιέω: 'make'; here 'made (it into)' the sanctuary.
ἐκout of / frompreposition + genitive (source/material)→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: 'out of / from'; the inner room made 'from the δαβιρ' becomes the Holy of Holies.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with δαβιρ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δαβιρinner sanctuarygenitive (with ἐκ; indeclinable loanword)→ clausal contributionδαβιρ: the inner sanctuary (Hebrew דְּבִיר); indeclinable, construed with the genitive article τοῦ.
εἰςto be / forpreposition + accusative (result / predicate)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: here of result, 'into / to be' — the δαβιρ is made to be the Holy of Holies.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with ἅγιον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἅγιονholy placeAccusativepredicate accusative (with εἰς)→ object specificationἅγιος: 'holy'; τὸ ἅγιον = 'the holy place'; with the genitive τῶν ἁγίων it forms the superlative 'Holy of Holies.'
τῶνof theGenitivearticle (with ἁγίων)→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίωνholiesGenitivepartitive/superlative genitive ('of holies')→ relational specificationἅγιος: 'holy (things / places)'; the construct τὸ ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων renders the Hebrew superlative idiom קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים, 'the Holy of Holies' — the most sacred inner room.
17

καὶ τεσσαράκοντα πηχῶν ἦν ὁ ναὸς κατὰ πρόσωπον

And forty cubits long was the nave in front.

Specification: the length of the nave before the sanctuaryκαὶ τεσσαράκοντα πηχῶν
A brief measurement note: the ναός (the main hall in front of the δαβιρ) was forty cubits — i.e. the remaining length of the sixty-cubit house once the twenty-cubit sanctuary is partitioned off (cf. vv. 2, 16). After this the LXX omits MT v. 18 (the cedar carving of gourds and flowers).
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τεσσαράκονταfortyindeclinable cardinal (with πηχῶν)→ measure or countτεσσαράκοντα: 'forty'; the length of the nave in cubits.
πηχῶνof cubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς (gen. pl. πηχῶν, by-form of πήχεων): 'cubits'; genitive of measure.
ἦνwasImpf Act Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίcopula (verbless-style measurement made explicit)→ durative imperfect (state)εἰμί (impf. ἦν): 'be'; the copula linking subject and the dimension.
theNominativearticle (with ναός)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ναὸςnave / temple-hallNominativesubject→ participant prominenceναός: the main hall (holy place) in front of the sanctuary; forty cubits long.
κατὰin frontpreposition + accusative (position)→ spatial or relational framingκατά + acc.: in κατὰ πρόσωπον, 'in front / facing'; the nave lies in front of the δαβιρ.
πρόσωπονfrontAccusativeaccusative (idiom 'in front')→ object specificationπρόσωπον: 'face / front'; κατὰ πρόσωπον = 'in front', the forward part of the house.
19

τοῦ δαβιρ ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ οἴκου ἔσωθεν δοῦναι ἐκεῖ τὴν κιβωτὸν διαθήκης κυρίου

the δαβιρ in the midst of the house within, to set there the ark of the covenant of the LORD.

Purpose: the inner sanctuary prepared for the ark (after the LXX gap of v. 18)τοῦ δαβιρ
Continuing the sanctuary description (the LXX lacks MT v. 18), this verse states the purpose of the δαβιρ: it is set in the inmost part of the house to receive the ark of the covenant. The infinitive of purpose δοῦναι ('to place / set') governs τὴν κιβωτὸν διαθήκης κυρίου, the central cultic object.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with δαβιρ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δαβιρinner sanctuarygenitive (indeclinable loanword)→ clausal contributionδαβιρ: the inner sanctuary (Hebrew דְּבִיר); indeclinable; here the subject-topic, prepared to house the ark.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (place)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (place).
μέσῳmidstDativedative of place (with ἐν: 'in the midst')→ sphere or referenceμέσος: 'middle / midst'; ἐν μέσῳ = 'in the midst of', the innermost location.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (with μέσῳ)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
ἔσωθενwithinadverb of place→ clausal contributionἔσωθεν: 'within / inside'; reinforcing the inmost position of the sanctuary.
δοῦναιto set / to placeAor Act Inf · δίδωμιinfinitive of purpose→ aorist infinitive of purposeδίδωμι (aor. inf. δοῦναι): 'give / set / place'; here Hebraizing 'to set / put' (rendering נָתַן); infinitive of purpose — the sanctuary exists to house the ark.
ἐκεῖthereadverb of place→ adverbial qualificationἐκεῖ: 'there'; pointing to the δαβιρ as the place of the ark.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with κιβωτόν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κιβωτὸνarkAccusativedirect object of δοῦναι→ object specificationκιβωτός: 'box / chest / ark'; renders אֲרוֹן; the ark of the covenant, the holiest object, to be placed in the δαβιρ.
διαθήκηςof the covenantGenitivegenitive of relationship (the ark 'of the covenant')→ relational specificationδιαθήκη: 'covenant / testament'; renders בְּרִית; the ark contains the tablets of the covenant; κιβωτὸς διαθήκης is the standard LXX phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDGenitivegenitive of possession (the LORD's covenant)→ relational specificationκύριος (gen. κυρίου): rendering of the Tetragrammaton יהוה; the covenant is the LORD's.
20

εἴκοσι πήχεις μῆκος καὶ εἴκοσι πήχεις πλάτος καὶ εἴκοσι πήχεις τὸ ὕψος αὐτοῦ καὶ περιέσχεν αὐτὸν χρυσίῳ συγκεκλεισμένῳ καὶ ἐποίησεν θυσιαστήριον

Twenty cubits length, and twenty cubits breadth, and twenty cubits its height; and he overlaid it with pure gold; and he made an altar.

Specification: the cubic sanctuary overlaid with gold, and the altarεἴκοσι πήχεις μῆκος
The δαβιρ is a perfect cube, 20 × 20 × 20 cubits — the geometry of perfection for the dwelling of the divine Presence. Solomon overlays it with χρυσίον συγκεκλεισμένον ('pure / refined gold', lit. 'enclosed gold'), and makes an altar (the incense altar before the sanctuary). περιέσχεν χρυσίῳ becomes the dominant verb-phrase from here on.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal (with πήχεις)→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; the length of the cubic sanctuary.
πήχειςcubitsAccusativeaccusative of measure→ object specificationπῆχυς (acc. pl. πήχεις): 'cubits'.
μῆκοςlengthNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceμῆκος: 'length'; the first of the cube's three equal dimensions.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; the breadth.
πήχειςcubitsAccusativeaccusative of measure→ object specificationπῆχυς: 'cubits'.
πλάτοςbreadthNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceπλάτος: 'breadth'; the second equal dimension.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἴκοσιtwentyindeclinable cardinal→ measure or countεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; the height.
πήχειςcubitsAccusativeaccusative of measure→ object specificationπῆχυς: 'cubits'.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with ὕψος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕψοςheightNominativenominative of dimension→ participant prominenceὕψος: 'height'; the third equal dimension, making the sanctuary a cube.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the sanctuary's height.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιέσχενhe overlaidAor Act Indic 3 Sg · περιέχωmain verb (overlaying with gold)→ constative aoristπεριέχω: 'cover round / overlay'; the chapter's leitmotif for gilding (cf. vv. 21, 22, 28, 30); here the sanctuary is overlaid with pure gold.
αὐτὸνitAccusativedirect object (the sanctuary)→ participant referenceαὐτός: the δαβιρ as object.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of means (the material)→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold (wrought / coined)'; diminutive-form of χρυσός but standard in the LXX for worked gold; renders זָהָב; the overlay material throughout vv. 20–32.
συγκεκλεισμένῳpure / refinedPf Mid/Pass Part dat neut sg · συγκλείωattributive participle (with χρυσίῳ)→ perfect participle (settled quality)συγκλείω (pf. pass. part.): lit. 'shut up / enclose'; χρυσίον συγκεκλεισμένον is the LXX idiom for 'pure / solid / refined gold' (rendering זָהָב סָגוּר, 'closed gold'), gold of the highest, unalloyed quality.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενhe madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · ποιέωmain verb→ constative aoristποιέω: 'make'; here of the altar.
θυσιαστήριονaltarAccusativedirect object of ἐποίησεν→ object specificationθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; a distinctively biblical-Greek formation (from θυσιάζω, 'sacrifice') coined by the LXX for the legitimate altar; here the (cedar / gold) incense-altar before the sanctuary (cf. MT 1 Kgs 6:20–22).
21

κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ δαβιρ καὶ περιέσχεν αὐτὸ χρυσίῳ

in front of the δαβιρ; and he overlaid it with gold.

Continuation: the altar before the sanctuary, overlaid with goldκατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ δαβιρ
Completing v. 20: the altar stood κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ δαβιρ ('before the inner sanctuary'), and it too was overlaid with gold — extending the gilding leitmotif (περιέσχεν … χρυσίῳ) to the altar.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
κατὰin front ofpreposition + accusative (position)→ spatial or relational framingκατά + acc.: in κατὰ πρόσωπον, 'in front of', positioning the altar before the sanctuary.
πρόσωπονfrontAccusativeaccusative (idiom 'in front of')→ object specificationπρόσωπον: 'front'; κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ δαβιρ = 'before the inner sanctuary.'
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with δαβιρ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δαβιρinner sanctuarygenitive (indeclinable loanword)→ clausal contributionδαβιρ: the inner sanctuary (Hebrew דְּבִיר); indeclinable; the altar stands before it.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιέσχενhe overlaidAor Act Indic 3 Sg · περιέχωmain verb (gilding)→ constative aoristπεριέχω: 'overlay'; the recurring gilding-verb, here of the altar.
αὐτὸitAccusativedirect object (the altar, neut.)→ participant referenceαὐτός: neuter, referring to θυσιαστήριον ('the altar').
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of means→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold'; the overlay material.
22

καὶ ὅλον τὸν οἶκον περιέσχεν χρυσίῳ ἕως συντελείας παντὸς τοῦ οἴκου

And the whole house he overlaid with gold, until the completion of the entire house.

Summary: the total gilding of the houseκαὶ ὅλον τὸν οἶκον
A summarizing statement of total gilding: not only the sanctuary and altar but ὅλον τὸν οἶκον ('the whole house') was overlaid with gold, ἕως συντελείας ('until completion') of the entire structure — the climax of the gilding leitmotif.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅλονwholeAccusativeattributive adjective (with οἶκον)→ object specificationὅλος: 'whole / entire'; the entire house, not merely the sanctuary, is gilded.
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with οἶκον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseAccusativedirect object of περιέσχεν→ object specificationοἶκος: the temple.
περιέσχενhe overlaidAor Act Indic 3 Sg · περιέχωmain verb (gilding)→ constative aoristπεριέχω: 'overlay'; the gilding-verb at its widest reference — the whole house.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of means→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold'; the overlay material.
ἕωςuntilpreposition + genitive (limit)→ spatial or relational framingἕως: 'until / as far as'; marking the gilding's extent — to the full completion.
συντελείαςcompletionGenitivegenitive (with ἕως)→ relational specificationσυντέλεια: 'completion / consummation / end'; from συντελέω (vv. 3, 9); the gilding extended to the finishing of the whole.
παντὸςall / entireGenitiveattributive adjective (with οἴκου)→ relational specificationπᾶς: 'all / entire'; the completion of the entire house.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (with συντελείας)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
23

καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐν τῷ δαβιρ δύο χερουβιν δέκα πήχεων μέγεθος ἐσταθμωμένον

And he made in the δαβιρ two cherubim, ten cubits in size, fashioned to measure.

New section: the making of the two cherubimκαὶ ἐποίησεν ἐν τῷ δαβιρ
The 'and he made' formula opens the cherubim section (vv. 23–28). Two cherubim are made for the δαβιρ, ten cubits in size, ἐσταθμωμένον ('measured out / fashioned to a fixed measure'). χερουβιν is the indeclinable transliterated Hebrew plural (כְּרוּבִים); the singular χερουβ appears in vv. 24–26.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενhe madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (fabrication formula)→ constative aoristποιέω: 'make'; opens the cherubim section.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (place)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (place).
τῷtheDativearticle (with δαβιρ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δαβιρinner sanctuarydative of place (indeclinable loanword)→ clausal contributionδαβιρ: the inner sanctuary; the cherubim are placed within it.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (with χερουβιν)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; the pair of cherubim; largely indeclinable.
χερουβινcherubimdirect object (indeclinable transliterated plural)→ clausal contributionχερουβιν: transliteration of the Hebrew plural כְּרוּבִים ('cherubim'); the winged guardian-figures of the Presence; indeclinable in the LXX (singular χερουβ, vv. 24–26).
δέκαtenindeclinable cardinal (with πήχεων)→ measure or countδέκα: 'ten'; the height/size of each cherub in cubits.
πήχεωνof cubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς (gen. pl. πήχεων): 'cubits'; the measure of the cherubim's size.
μέγεθοςsize / magnitudeAccusativeaccusative of respect (in respect of size)→ object specificationμέγεθος: 'greatness / size'; from μέγας; specifies the dimension referred to — ten cubits in 'size' (height).
ἐσταθμωμένονfashioned to measurePf Mid/Pass Part acc neut sg · σταθμόωparticiple (describing the cherubim as measured/fashioned)→ perfect participle (completed precise fashioning)σταθμόω (pf. pass. part.): 'measure out / fix to a standard'; from σταθμός ('measure / weight'); the cherubim were 'fashioned to a fixed measure', made precisely to the stated dimension; the neuter singular is construed with the collective.
24

καὶ πέντε πήχεων πτερύγιον τοῦ χερουβ τοῦ ἑνός καὶ πέντε πήχεων πτερύγιον αὐτοῦ τὸ δεύτερον ἐν πήχει δέκα ἀπὸ μέρους πτερυγίου αὐτοῦ εἰς μέρος πτερυγίου αὐτοῦ

And five cubits was the wing of the one cherub, and five cubits its second wing — ten by the cubit from the tip of its one wing to the tip of its other wing.

Specification: the dimensions of the cherub's wingsκαὶ πέντε πήχεων πτερύγιον
Each wing (πτερύγιον) of the first cherub is five cubits, so that the full span from tip to tip is ten cubits — equal to the cherub's height (v. 23) and matching the half-width of the twenty-cubit sanctuary, so the two cherubim together span its full breadth (cf. v. 27). χερουβ is the indeclinable singular.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal (with πήχεων)→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; the length of one wing in cubits.
πήχεωνof cubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς (gen. pl. πήχεων): 'cubits'.
πτερύγιονwingNominativesubject (verbless measurement clause)→ participant prominenceπτερύγιον: 'wing / pinion'; diminutive of πτέρυξ; renders כָּנָף; the wing of the cherub.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with χερουβ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χερουβcherubgenitive of possession (indeclinable singular)→ clausal contributionχερουβ: transliterated Hebrew singular כְּרוּב ('cherub'); indeclinable; one of the two figures.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἑνός)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνόςone / firstGenitivenumeral adjective (with χερουβ: 'the one cherub')→ relational specificationεἷς (gen. ἑνός): 'one'; here 'the one / first cherub', distinguishing it from the second.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέντεfiveindeclinable cardinal→ measure or countπέντε: 'five'; the length of the second wing.
πήχεωνof cubitsGenitivegenitive of measure→ relational specificationπῆχυς: 'cubits'.
πτερύγιονwingNominativesubject→ participant prominenceπτερύγιον: 'wing'; the cherub's second wing.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession (the cherub's wing)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the cherub's.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with δεύτερον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεύτερονsecondNominativeordinal adjective (with πτερύγιον)→ participant prominenceδεύτερος: 'second'; the cherub's second wing.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (measure).
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς: the cubit-unit.
δέκαtenindeclinable cardinal (the full span)→ measure or countδέκα: 'ten'; the total wingspan, tip to tip.
ἀπὸfrompreposition + genitive (starting point)→ spatial or relational framingἀπό: 'from'; ἀπὸ … εἰς ('from … to') measures the span across both wings.
μέρουςtip / partGenitivegenitive (with ἀπό)→ relational specificationμέρος: 'part / portion / end'; here the 'tip / end' of the wing; renders קָצֶה ('end / extremity').
πτερυγίουof the wingGenitivegenitive (with μέρους)→ relational specificationπτερύγιον: 'wing'; genitive, 'the tip of (its) wing.'
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the cherub's.
εἰςtopreposition + accusative (end point)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: 'to / as far as'; the far end of the span.
μέροςtip / partAccusativeaccusative (with εἰς)→ object specificationμέρος: 'end / tip'; the opposite wing-tip.
πτερυγίουof the wingGenitivegenitive (with μέρος)→ relational specificationπτερύγιον: 'wing'; the other wing.
αὐτοῦitsGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'its' — the cherub's; the full ten-cubit span from one wing-tip to the other.
25

οὕτως τῷ χερουβ τῷ δευτέρῳ ἐν μέτρῳ ἑνὶ συντέλεια μία ἀμφοτέροις

Likewise for the second cherub: by one measure, one same finished form for both.

Specification: the second cherub identical to the firstοὕτως τῷ χερουβ τῷ δευτέρῳ
οὕτως ('likewise') asserts the identity of the two cherubim: both made ἐν μέτρῳ ἑνί ('by one measure') with συντέλεια μία ('one and the same finished form') for both (ἀμφοτέροις). The verse is verbless, in the terse style of the specification.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οὕτωςlikewise / thusadverb of manner→ adverbial qualificationοὕτως: 'thus / in the same way'; asserts that the second cherub matches the first (cf. v. 26).
τῷfor theDativearticle (with χερουβ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χερουβcherubdative of reference (indeclinable singular)→ clausal contributionχερουβ: 'cherub'; indeclinable; here construed with the dative article, 'for the cherub.'
τῷtheDativearticle (with δευτέρῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρῳsecondDativeordinal adjective (with χερουβ)→ sphere or referenceδεύτερος: 'second'; the second cherub.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure / standard)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: 'by / according to', of standard; ἐν μέτρῳ ἑνί = 'by one (and the same) measure.'
μέτρῳmeasureDativedative of standard (with ἐν)→ sphere or referenceμέτρον: 'measure / standard / dimension'; renders מִדָּה; both cherubim are of one measure.
ἑνὶoneDativenumeral adjective (with μέτρῳ)→ sphere or referenceεἷς (dat. ἑνί): 'one'; 'one (and the same) measure' for both figures.
συντέλειαfinished form / completionNominativesubject (verbless clause)→ participant prominenceσυντέλεια: 'completion / finished form'; here the cherubim share 'one finished form' — identical design and execution.
μίαoneNominativenumeral adjective (with συντέλεια)→ measure or countεἷς (fem. μία): 'one'; 'one (same) finished form.'
ἀμφοτέροιςfor bothDativedative of reference ('for both')→ sphere or referenceἀμφότεροι: 'both'; the single design applies to both cherubim (cf. v. 27, ἀμφότερα τὰ χερουβιν).
26

καὶ τὸ ὕψος τοῦ χερουβ τοῦ ἑνὸς δέκα ἐν πήχει καὶ οὕτως τὸ χερουβ τὸ δεύτερον

And the height of the one cherub was ten by the cubit; and so the second cherub.

Specification: the height of the cherubimκαὶ τὸ ὕψος τοῦ χερουβ
The height of the first cherub is ten cubits (matching its wingspan, v. 24), and the second is the same (οὕτως). The repeated 'and so' (οὕτως, cf. v. 25) hammers the perfect symmetry of the two figures.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with ὕψος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕψοςheightNominativesubject (verbless measurement clause)→ participant prominenceὕψος: 'height'; the cherub's height, ten cubits.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with χερουβ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χερουβcherubgenitive of possession (indeclinable)→ clausal contributionχερουβ: 'cherub'; indeclinable; the first figure.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἑνός)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑνὸςone / firstGenitivenumeral adjective ('the one cherub')→ relational specificationεἷς (gen. ἑνός): 'one / first'; distinguishing this cherub from the second.
δέκαtenindeclinable cardinal (measure)→ measure or countδέκα: 'ten'; the height in cubits.
ἐνbypreposition + dative (measure)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (measure).
πήχειcubitDativedative of measure→ sphere or referenceπῆχυς: the cubit-unit.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὕτωςlikewiseadverb of manner→ adverbial qualificationοὕτως: 'so / likewise'; the second cherub is identical in height.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with χερουβ)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χερουβcherubsubject (indeclinable, with neut. article)→ clausal contributionχερουβ: 'cherub'; the second figure, construed as neuter with τό.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with δεύτερον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεύτερονsecondNominativeordinal adjective (with χερουβ)→ participant prominenceδεύτερος: 'second'; the second cherub, equal to the first.
27

καὶ ἀμφότερα τὰ χερουβιν ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ ἐσωτάτου καὶ διεπέτασεν τὰς πτέρυγας αὐτῶν καὶ ἥπτετο πτέρυξ μία τοῦ τοίχου καὶ πτέρυξ ἥπτετο τοῦ τοίχου τοῦ δευτέρου καὶ αἱ πτέρυγες αὐτῶν αἱ ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ οἴκου ἥπτοντο πτέρυξ πτέρυγος

And both the cherubim were in the midst of the innermost house; and he spread out their wings, and one wing touched the wall, and a wing touched the second wall, and their wings in the midst of the house touched, wing to wing.

Climax: the cherubim's wings span the sanctuaryκαὶ ἀμφότερα τὰ χερουβιν
The two cherubim stand in the inmost house with outspread wings (διεπέτασεν): the outer wing of each touches a side wall, while the inner wings meet in the centre, wing to wing (πτέρυξ πτέρυγος) — so the combined twenty-cubit span (4 × 5 cubits) exactly crosses the twenty-cubit sanctuary, forming the throne-canopy over the ark. The repeated ἥπτετο / ἥπτοντο ('touched') drives the picture home.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀμφότεραbothNominativesubject (with τὰ χερουβιν)→ participant prominenceἀμφότεροι: 'both'; neuter plural agreeing with τὰ χερουβιν.
τὰtheNominativearticle (with χερουβιν)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χερουβινcherubimsubject (indeclinable plural, with neut. article)→ clausal contributionχερουβιν: the plural 'cherubim'; indeclinable, here with the neuter plural article τά.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (place)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (place).
μέσῳmidstDativedative of place (with ἐν)→ sphere or referenceμέσος: 'midst'; ἐν μέσῳ = 'in the middle of.'
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (with μέσῳ)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple, specifically its inmost room.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with ἐσωτάτου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐσωτάτουinnermostGenitivesuperlative adjective (with οἴκου)→ relational specificationἐσώτατος: 'innermost'; superlative of ἔσω; the inmost room, the δαβιρ.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διεπέτασενhe spread outAor Act Indic 3 Sg · διαπετάννυμιmain verb (spreading the wings)→ constative aoristδιαπετάννυμι: 'spread out / unfold wide'; the compound δια- denotes full extension; the cherubim's wings are spread to span the room (cf. πέταλα διαπεπετασμένα, 'outspread flowers', vv. 32, 35).
τὰςtheAccusativearticle (with πτέρυγας)→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πτέρυγαςwingsAccusativedirect object of διεπέτασεν→ object specificationπτέρυξ: 'wing'; the full noun (beside the diminutive πτερύγιον of v. 24); renders כָּנָף.
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession (the cherubim's wings)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their' — the cherubim's.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἥπτετοtouchedImpf Mid Indic 3 Sg · ἅπτωmain verb (one wing touching the wall)→ durative imperfect (state of touching)ἅπτομαι: 'touch / take hold' (mid., with genitive); the imperfect describes the continuing contact of wing and wall; renders נָגַע.
πτέρυξwingNominativesubject of ἥπτετο→ participant prominenceπτέρυξ: 'wing'; the outer wing of one cherub.
μίαoneNominativenumeral adjective (with πτέρυξ)→ measure or countεἷς (fem. μία): 'one'; 'one wing.'
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with τοίχου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοίχουwallGenitivegenitive object of ἥπτετο→ relational specificationτοῖχος: 'wall'; the genitive object of ἅπτομαι; one side-wall of the sanctuary.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πτέρυξwingNominativesubject→ participant prominenceπτέρυξ: 'wing'; the outer wing of the second cherub.
ἥπτετοtouchedImpf Mid Indic 3 Sg · ἅπτωmain verb (the second wing touching)→ durative imperfectἅπτομαι: 'touch'; repeated for the second wing/wall.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with τοίχου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοίχουwallGenitivegenitive object of ἥπτετο→ relational specificationτοῖχος: 'wall'; the opposite side-wall.
τοῦtheGenitivearticle (with δευτέρου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέρουsecondGenitiveordinal adjective (with τοίχου)→ relational specificationδεύτερος: 'second'; the second (opposite) wall.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἱtheNominativearticle (with πτέρυγες)→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πτέρυγεςwingsNominativesubject (the inner wings)→ participant prominenceπτέρυξ (nom. pl. πτέρυγες): 'wings'; the inner wings of the two cherubim.
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their' — the cherubim's.
αἱthe (ones)Nominativearticle (attributive, restrictive: 'those in the midst')→ noun-phrase markingὁ (fem. pl. αἱ): the article repeated to add the restrictive phrase 'the ones in the midst of the house.'
ἐνinpreposition + dative (place)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (place).
μέσῳmidstDativedative of place (with ἐν)→ sphere or referenceμέσος: 'midst'; the wings meet at the centre.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive (with μέσῳ)→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
ἥπτοντοtouchedImpf Mid Indic 3 Pl · ἅπτωmain verb (the inner wings meeting)→ durative imperfect (continuing contact)ἅπτομαι (impf. 3 pl. ἥπτοντο): 'touch'; the inner wings meet — 'wing to wing' — over the centre of the sanctuary.
πτέρυξwingNominativenominative (idiom 'wing to wing')→ participant prominenceπτέρυξ: 'wing'; the first member of the idiom πτέρυξ πτέρυγος, 'wing to wing.'
πτέρυγοςof wingGenitivegenitive (idiom: 'wing [touched] wing')→ relational specificationπτέρυξ (gen. πτέρυγος): 'wing'; πτέρυξ πτέρυγος is a Hebraizing distributive idiom ('wing to wing'), the two inner wings meeting tip to tip.
28

καὶ περιέσχεν τὰ χερουβιν χρυσίῳ

And he overlaid the cherubim with gold.

Conclusion: the cherubim gildedκαὶ περιέσχεν τὰ χερουβιν
The cherubim section closes with the gilding-verb περιέσχεν … χρυσίῳ (cf. vv. 20–22): the two figures, like the sanctuary, are overlaid with gold.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιέσχενhe overlaidAor Act Indic 3 Sg · περιέχωmain verb (gilding)→ constative aoristπεριέχω: 'overlay'; the gilding-verb, here of the cherubim.
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with χερουβιν)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χερουβινcherubimdirect object (indeclinable plural)→ clausal contributionχερουβιν: the cherubim; indeclinable, with the neuter plural article τά.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of means→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold'; the overlay material.
29

καὶ πάντας τοὺς τοίχους τοῦ οἴκου κύκλῳ ἐγκολαπτὰ ἔγραψεν γραφίδι χερουβιν καὶ φοίνικες τῷ ἐσωτέρῳ καὶ τῷ ἐξωτέρῳ

And all the walls of the house round about he engraved with carved work — he traced with a graving-tool cherubim and palm-trees — in the inner and in the outer room.

New section: the carved decoration of the walls and doorsκαὶ πάντας τοὺς τοίχους
The decoration section (vv. 29–35) opens: all the walls, inner (sanctuary) and outer (nave), are covered with carved relief — cherubim and palm-trees (φοίνικες) — engraved with a γραφίς ('graving-tool'). The motif-trio cherubim / palms / flowers recurs on the doors (vv. 32, 35).
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάνταςallAccusativeattributive adjective (with τοίχους)→ object specificationπᾶς: 'all'; the whole wall-surface is decorated.
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with τοίχους)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοίχουςwallsAccusativedirect object of ἔγραψεν (accusative of the thing inscribed)→ object specificationτοῖχος: 'wall'; the walls are the surface engraved.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
κύκλῳround aboutadverbial dative (encircling)→ clausal contributionκύκλῳ: 'round about / all around'; the carving runs around all the walls; an adverbial dative of κύκλος.
ἐγκολαπτὰcarved workAccusativesubstantival adjective (the engraved figures)→ object specificationἐγκολαπτός: 'carved / engraved (in relief)'; verbal adjective from ἐγκολάπτω ('carve in'); τὰ ἐγκολαπτά = 'the carved work / reliefs' (cf. vv. 32, the participle ἐγκεκολαμμένα).
ἔγραψενhe traced / engravedAor Act Indic 3 Sg · γράφωmain verb (engraving)→ constative aoristγράφω: 'write / draw / engrave'; here in the sense 'incise / carve' the figures into the wall (rendering קָלַע / חָקָה).
γραφίδιwith a graving-toolDativedative of means (the instrument)→ sphere or referenceγραφίς: 'stylus / graving-tool / chisel'; the instrument with which the relief is carved; cognate with γράφω.
χερουβινcherubimobject of the engraving (indeclinable plural)→ clausal contributionχερουβιν: 'cherubim'; the carved figures; indeclinable.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φοίνικεςpalm-treesNominativenominative (loosely appended carved motif)→ participant prominenceφοῖνιξ: 'palm-tree / date-palm'; renders תִּמֹרָה ('palm-figure'); a standard temple-decoration motif; the nominative here is a loose construction (the case not strictly governed by ἔγραψεν).
τῷin theDativearticle (substantival, with ἐσωτέρῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐσωτέρῳinner (room)Dativecomparative adjective used substantivally (locative)→ sphere or referenceἐσώτερος: 'inner'; comparative of ἔσω; τῷ ἐσωτέρῳ = 'in the inner (room)', the sanctuary.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷin theDativearticle (substantival, with ἐξωτέρῳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐξωτέρῳouter (room)Dativecomparative adjective used substantivally (locative)→ sphere or referenceἐξώτερος: 'outer'; comparative of ἔξω; τῷ ἐξωτέρῳ = 'in the outer (room)', the nave; the carving covers both rooms.
30

καὶ τὸ ἔδαφος τοῦ οἴκου περιέσχεν χρυσίῳ τοῦ ἐσωτάτου καὶ τοῦ ἐξωτάτου

And the floor of the house he overlaid with gold, both of the innermost and of the outermost room.

Detail: the gilded floorκαὶ τὸ ἔδαφος
Even the floor (ἔδαφος, cf. v. 15) of both rooms — innermost (ἐσώτατος) and outermost (ἐξώτατος) — is overlaid with gold, completing the total gilding of the interior surfaces (walls v. 22, cherubim v. 28, now floor).
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with ἔδαφος)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔδαφοςfloorAccusativedirect object of περιέσχεν→ object specificationἔδαφος: 'floor / ground'; the floor of the house, here gilded (cf. v. 15).
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple.
περιέσχενhe overlaidAor Act Indic 3 Sg · περιέχωmain verb (gilding)→ constative aoristπεριέχω: 'overlay'; here of the floor.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of means→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold'; the overlay material.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (substantival, with ἐσωτάτου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐσωτάτουinnermost (room)Genitivesuperlative adjective used substantivally→ relational specificationἐσώτατος: 'innermost'; superlative of ἔσω; the floor of the sanctuary.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (substantival, with ἐξωτάτου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐξωτάτουoutermost (room)Genitivesuperlative adjective used substantivally→ relational specificationἐξώτατος: 'outermost'; superlative of ἔξω; the floor of the nave; both floors are gilded.
31

καὶ τῷ θυρώματι τοῦ δαβιρ ἐποίησεν θύρας ξύλων ἀρκευθίνων καὶ φλιὰς πενταπλᾶς

And for the doorway of the δαβιρ he made doors of juniper wood, and five-fold doorposts.

Detail: the doors of the inner sanctuaryκαὶ τῷ θυρώματι τοῦ δαβιρ
The doorway (θύρωμα) of the sanctuary receives doors (θύραι) of juniper wood (ξύλα ἀρκεύθινα) and five-fold doorposts (φλιαὶ πενταπλαῖ — i.e. a frame stepped in five recesses). The next verse describes their carving.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with θυρώματι)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυρώματιdoorway / entranceDativedative of advantage ('for the doorway')→ sphere or referenceθύρωμα: 'doorway / door-frame / entrance'; from θύρα ('door'); the framed opening of the sanctuary.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with δαβιρ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δαβιρinner sanctuarygenitive (indeclinable loanword)→ clausal contributionδαβιρ: the inner sanctuary; indeclinable; whose doorway is fitted with doors.
ἐποίησενhe madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · ποιέωmain verb (fabrication formula)→ constative aoristποιέω: 'make'; here of the doors.
θύραςdoorsAccusativedirect object of ἐποίησεν→ object specificationθύρα: 'door'; renders דֶּלֶת; the leaves closing the sanctuary entrance.
ξύλωνof wood / timbersGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationξύλον: 'wood / timber'; genitive of material — the doors are of wood.
ἀρκευθίνωνof juniperGenitiveattributive adjective (with ξύλων)→ relational specificationἀρκεύθινος: 'of juniper'; adjective from ἄρκευθος ('juniper'); renders שֶׁמֶן ('olive' in MT, but the LXX understands a resinous wood); the sanctuary doors are juniper (cf. v. 33).
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φλιὰςdoorposts / lintelsAccusativedirect object (second object of ἐποίησεν)→ object specificationφλιά: 'doorpost / jamb / lintel'; renders מְזוּזָה / אַיִל; the frame-members of the doorway.
πενταπλᾶςfive-foldAccusativeattributive adjective (with φλιάς)→ object specificationπενταπλοῦς: 'fivefold / in five (recesses)'; the doorposts were stepped in five graduated recesses; renders the Hebrew מֵאֵת חֲמִשִׁית ('a fifth part' / five-sided frame).
32

καὶ δύο θύρας ξύλων πευκίνων καὶ ἐγκολαπτὰ ἐπ᾿ αὐτῶν ἐγκεκολαμμένα χερουβιν καὶ φοίνικας καὶ πέταλα διαπεπετασμένα καὶ περιέσχεν χρυσίῳ καὶ κατέβαινεν ἐπὶ τὰ χερουβιν καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς φοίνικας τὸ χρυσίον

And two doors of pine wood, with carvings upon them — engraved cherubim and palm-trees and outspread petals — and he overlaid them with gold; and the gold ran down over the cherubim and over the palm-trees.

Detail: the carved and gilded double doorsκαὶ δύο θύρας
The doors (here two leaves of pine) bear carved relief (ἐγκολαπτά … ἐγκεκολαμμένα) of the motif-trio cherubim / palms / outspread flowers (πέταλα διαπεπετασμένα), and are overlaid with gold so thoroughly that the gold 'ran down' (κατέβαινεν) into the relief, filling the carved figures. The imperfect κατέβαινεν vividly pictures the gold settling into the engraving (cf. v. 35, χρυσίῳ καταγομένῳ).
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (with θύρας)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; the two leaves of the door.
θύραςdoorsAccusativeaccusative (continuing the object of ἐποίησεν, v.31)→ object specificationθύρα: 'door'; the two leaves, here of pine.
ξύλωνof woodGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationξύλον: 'wood / timber'; the door-material.
πευκίνωνof pineGenitiveattributive adjective (with ξύλων)→ relational specificationπεύκινος: 'of pine / fir'; from πεύκη; these doors are pine (vs. the juniper of v. 31; cf. v. 34).
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγκολαπτὰcarved workNominativesubstantival adjective (the reliefs on the doors)→ participant prominenceἐγκολαπτός: 'carved / engraved'; τὰ ἐγκολαπτά = 'carved work' (cf. v. 29).
ἐπ᾿uponpreposition + genitive (position)→ spatial or relational framingἐπί + gen.: 'upon'; the carving is on the doors.
αὐτῶνthemGenitivegenitive (with ἐπί; the doors)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'them' — the doors.
ἐγκεκολαμμέναengravedPf Mid/Pass Part nom neut pl · ἐγκολάπτωparticiple (describing the carved figures)→ perfect participle (completed, settled relief)ἐγκολάπτω (pf. pass. part.): 'carve in / engrave'; cognate with ἐγκολαπτός; the perfect describes the figures as carved in relief and remaining so.
χερουβινcherubimobject of the carving (indeclinable plural)→ clausal contributionχερουβιν: 'cherubim'; the first carved motif; indeclinable.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φοίνικαςpalm-treesAccusativeaccusative (carved motif)→ object specificationφοῖνιξ (acc. pl. φοίνικας): 'palm-trees'; the second carved motif.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέταλαpetals / flowersAccusativeaccusative (carved motif)→ object specificationπέταλον: 'leaf / petal / open flower'; renders פֶּטַח צִצִּים ('open flowers'); the third carved motif.
διαπεπετασμέναoutspreadPf Mid/Pass Part acc neut pl · διαπετάννυμιattributive participle (with πέταλα)→ perfect participle (settled state: spread open)διαπετάννυμι (pf. pass. part.): 'spread out fully / open wide'; the same verb as διεπέτασεν (v. 27, of the wings); the flowers are carved 'open / in full bloom.'
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιέσχενhe overlaidAor Act Indic 3 Sg · περιέχωmain verb (gilding)→ constative aoristπεριέχω: 'overlay'; the doors are gilded.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of means→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold'; the overlay material.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατέβαινενran down / settledImpf Act Indic 3 Sg · καταβαίνωmain verb (the gold settling into the relief)→ descriptive imperfect (the gold running down)καταβαίνω: 'go down / descend'; here vividly of the gold-leaf or molten gold 'running down / settling' into the carved figures, filling the relief; the imperfect paints the process.
ἐπὶover / ontopreposition + accusative (direction)→ spatial or relational framingἐπί + acc.: 'onto / over'; the gold descends over the figures.
τὰtheAccusativearticle (with χερουβιν)→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χερουβινcherubimaccusative (with ἐπί; indeclinable plural)→ clausal contributionχερουβιν: 'cherubim'; the gold runs over them.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶoverpreposition + accusative (direction)→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'over'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (direction).
τοὺςtheAccusativearticle (with φοίνικας)→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φοίνικαςpalm-treesAccusativeaccusative (with ἐπί)→ object specificationφοῖνιξ: 'palm-trees'; the gold runs over them too.
τὸtheNominativearticle (with χρυσίον)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χρυσίονgoldNominativesubject of κατέβαινεν (postponed)→ participant prominenceχρυσίον: 'gold'; the postponed subject of κατέβαινεν — 'the gold ran down over the cherubim and palms.'
33

καὶ οὕτως ἐποίησεν τῷ πυλῶνι τοῦ ναοῦ φλιαὶ ξύλων ἀρκευθίνων στοαὶ τετραπλῶς

And so he did for the doorway of the nave: doorposts of juniper wood, porticoes four-fold.

Parallel: the doorway of the nave made likewiseκαὶ οὕτως ἐποίησεν
οὕτως ('likewise') extends the same treatment to the nave's doorway (πυλών): juniper doorposts and four-fold porticoes (στοαὶ τετραπλῶς), parallel to the five-fold sanctuary frame (v. 31). The nominative φλιαί / στοαί stand loosely in apposition after the dative πυλῶνι.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὕτωςlikewiseadverb of manner→ adverbial qualificationοὕτως: 'so / likewise'; the nave doorway is made in the same way as the sanctuary's.
ἐποίησενhe did / madeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · ποιέωmain verb→ constative aoristποιέω: 'make / do'; here 'he did likewise' for the nave's entrance.
τῷfor theDativearticle (with πυλῶνι)→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλῶνιdoorway / portalDativedative of advantage ('for the doorway')→ sphere or referenceπυλών: 'gateway / portal / doorway'; the entrance of the nave (cf. v. 8).
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with ναοῦ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ναοῦnave / temple-hallGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationναός: the main hall, whose doorway is now described.
φλιαὶdoorpostsNominativenominative in loose apposition (the door-frame members)→ participant prominenceφλιά (nom. pl. φλιαί): 'doorposts / jambs'; the frame-members, here of juniper (cf. v. 31).
ξύλωνof woodGenitivegenitive of material→ relational specificationξύλον: 'wood / timber'; the material of the posts.
ἀρκευθίνωνof juniperGenitiveattributive adjective (with ξύλων)→ relational specificationἀρκεύθινος: 'of juniper'; the doorposts are juniper, as the sanctuary doors (v. 31).
στοαὶporticoes / recessesNominativenominative in loose apposition→ participant prominenceστοά: 'colonnade / portico / recessed frame'; here the stepped door-frame recesses, made 'four-fold' (vs. the five-fold of v. 31).
τετραπλῶςfour-foldadverb (of the framing)→ clausal contributionτετραπλῶς: 'fourfold / in four (recesses)'; adverb from τετραπλοῦς; the nave's frame is stepped in four recesses (cf. πενταπλᾶς, v. 31).
34

καὶ ἐν ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς θύραις ξύλα πεύκινα δύο πτυχαὶ ἡ θύρα ἡ μία καὶ στροφεῖς αὐτῶν καὶ δύο πτυχαὶ ἡ θύρα ἡ δευτέρα στρεφόμενα

And in both the doors were pine timbers: the one door had two leaves and their hinges, and the second door had two leaves, turning.

Detail: the folding leaves and hinges of the doorsκαὶ ἐν ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς θύραις
Both doors are of pine and each is double — two folding leaves (πτυχαί) turning on hinges (στροφεῖς). The participle στρεφόμενα ('turning / revolving') describes the leaves as swinging folds. The picture is of bifold doors pivoting on pin-hinges.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (location)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (location).
ἀμφοτέραιςbothDativeattributive adjective (with θύραις)→ sphere or referenceἀμφότεροι: 'both'; both doors are described.
ταῖςtheDativearticle (with θύραις)→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θύραιςdoorsDativedative of place ('in both doors')→ sphere or referenceθύρα: 'door'; the two door-units.
ξύλαtimbersNominativesubject (verbless: '[were] timbers')→ participant prominenceξύλον: 'wood / timber'; the doors are made of pine timber.
πεύκιναof pineNominativeattributive adjective (with ξύλα)→ participant prominenceπεύκινος: 'of pine / fir'; the door-timber (cf. v. 32).
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (with πτυχαί)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; the first door has two folding leaves.
πτυχαὶleaves / foldsNominativepredicate / appositional (the door's leaves)→ participant prominenceπτυχή: 'fold / leaf (of a door)'; renders קְלָעִים / צֶלַע ('leaf'); the bifold panels of the door.
theNominativearticle (with θύρα)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θύραdoorNominativesubject ('the one door')→ participant prominenceθύρα: 'door'; the first door-unit.
theNominativearticle (with μία)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μίαone / firstNominativenumeral adjective (with θύρα)→ measure or countεἷς (fem. μία): 'one / first'; ἡ θύρα ἡ μία = 'the one (first) door.'
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στροφεῖςhinges / pivotsNominativesubject (the door's hinges)→ participant prominenceστροφεύς: 'hinge / pivot / socket'; from στρέφω ('turn'); the pin-hinges on which the leaves turn; renders the door-sockets (פֹּתוֹת).
αὐτῶνtheirGenitivegenitive of possession (the leaves' hinges)→ relational specificationαὐτός: 'their' — the door-leaves'.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύοtwoindeclinable cardinal (with πτυχαί)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; the second door likewise has two leaves.
πτυχαὶleaves / foldsNominativepredicate / appositional→ participant prominenceπτυχή: 'fold / leaf'; the second door's bifold panels.
theNominativearticle (with θύρα)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θύραdoorNominativesubject ('the second door')→ participant prominenceθύρα: 'door'; the second door-unit.
theNominativearticle (with δευτέρα)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δευτέραsecondNominativeordinal adjective (with θύρα)→ participant prominenceδεύτερος: 'second'; ἡ θύρα ἡ δευτέρα = 'the second door.'
στρεφόμεναturningPres Mid/Pass Part nom neut pl · στρέφωparticiple (describing the leaves as turning)→ descriptive present participle (continuous swinging)στρέφω (pres. pass. part.): 'turn / revolve'; cognate with στροφεύς; the leaves are 'turning' (folding) on their hinges; the neuter plural is construed loosely with the door-parts.
35

ἐγκεκολαμμένα χερουβιν καὶ φοίνικες καὶ διαπεπετασμένα πέταλα καὶ περιεχόμενα χρυσίῳ καταγομένῳ ἐπὶ τὴν ἐκτύπωσιν

engraved cherubim and palm-trees and outspread petals, and overlaid with gold let down upon the relief.

Continuation: the carved and gilded decoration of the nave doorsἐγκεκολαμμένα χερουβιν
Completing v. 34: the nave doors too bear the motif-trio — engraved cherubim, palms, and outspread flowers — and are overlaid (περιεχόμενα) with gold 'let down' (καταγομένῳ) onto the relief (ἐκτύπωσις), so the gold fits the carved figures exactly (cf. v. 32, κατέβαινεν τὸ χρυσίον).
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐγκεκολαμμέναengravedPf Mid/Pass Part nom neut pl · ἐγκολάπτωparticiple (the carved figures)→ perfect participle (settled relief)ἐγκολάπτω (pf. pass. part.): 'carve in / engrave'; as v. 32; the figures are carved in relief on the doors.
χερουβινcherubimobject of the carving (indeclinable plural)→ clausal contributionχερουβιν: 'cherubim'; first carved motif.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φοίνικεςpalm-treesNominativenominative (carved motif)→ participant prominenceφοῖνιξ: 'palm-trees'; second carved motif.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διαπεπετασμέναoutspreadPf Mid/Pass Part nom neut pl · διαπετάννυμιattributive participle (with πέταλα)→ perfect participle (spread open)διαπετάννυμι (pf. pass. part.): 'spread out / open wide'; the flowers carved in full bloom (cf. v. 32).
πέταλαpetals / flowersNominativenominative (carved motif)→ participant prominenceπέταλον: 'petal / open flower'; third carved motif.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
περιεχόμεναoverlaid / covered roundPres Mid/Pass Part nom neut pl · περιέχωparticiple (describing the gilding)→ descriptive present participle (state of being overlaid)περιέχω (pres. pass. part.): 'be covered round / overlaid'; the participial form of the gilding-verb (cf. the finite περιέσχεν, vv. 20–32); the figures are covered with gold.
χρυσίῳwith goldDativedative of means (with περιεχόμενα)→ sphere or referenceχρυσίον: 'gold'; the overlay material.
καταγομένῳlet down / brought downPres Mid/Pass Part dat neut sg · κατάγωattributive participle (with χρυσίῳ)→ descriptive present participle (the gold pressed down)κατάγω (pres. pass. part.): 'bring / lead down'; here of gold 'let down / pressed down' onto the relief so that it conforms to the carving (cf. κατέβαινεν, v. 32).
ἐπὶuponpreposition + accusative (direction)→ spatial or relational framingἐπί + acc.: 'onto / upon'; the gold is brought down upon the relief.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with ἐκτύπωσιν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκτύπωσινrelief / engravingAccusativeaccusative (with ἐπί)→ object specificationἐκτύπωσις: 'embossing / relief / impressed figure'; from ἐκτυπόω ('mould / emboss'); the carved relief onto which the gold is pressed, so that the gilding follows every figure exactly.
36

καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τὴν αὐλὴν τὴν ἐσωτάτην τρεῖς στίχους ἀπελεκήτων καὶ στίχος κατειργασμένης κέδρου κυκλόθεν καὶ ᾠκοδόμησε καταπέτασμα τῆς αὐλῆς τοῦ αιλαμ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ ναοῦ

And he built the innermost court, three courses of unhewn stone and a course of dressed cedar round about; and he built a curtain for the court of the αιλαμ of the house which is in front of the nave.

Conclusion: the inner court and the curtain of the porchκαὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τὴν αὐλὴν
The chapter closes (after which the LXX omits MT vv. 37–38) with the inner court: three courses of unhewn stone (ἀπελέκητοι, cf. v. 1) topped by one course of dressed cedar (κατειργασμένη κέδρος) round about, and a curtain (καταπέτασμα) for the court of the porch (αιλαμ) before the nave. The verbs ᾠκοδόμησεν / ᾠκοδόμησε frame the closing notice.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησενhe builtAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build'; here of the inner court.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with αὐλήν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλὴνcourtAccusativedirect object of ᾠκοδόμησεν→ object specificationαὐλή: 'court / enclosure / courtyard'; renders חָצֵר; the temple's inner court.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with ἐσωτάτην)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐσωτάτηνinnermostAccusativesuperlative adjective (with αὐλήν)→ object specificationἐσώτατος: 'innermost'; superlative of ἔσω; the inner court (cf. ἐσωτάτου, vv. 27, 30).
τρεῖςthreeAccusativenumeral adjective (with στίχους)→ measure or countτρεῖς: 'three'; the number of stone courses; declinable (acc. τρεῖς).
στίχουςcourses / rowsAccusativeaccusative of content (the wall's courses)→ object specificationστίχος: 'row / course / line'; renders טוּר; a layer of masonry; the court-wall has three stone courses.
ἀπελεκήτωνof unhewn stonesGenitivegenitive (the material of the courses)→ relational specificationἀπελέκητος: 'unhewn / undressed'; substantival genitive plural, '(courses) of unhewn stones' (cf. v. 1); contrasted with the dressed cedar that follows.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στίχοςcourse / rowNominativenominative (loose apposition: one further course)→ participant prominenceστίχος: 'course / row'; the topmost course, of dressed cedar.
κατειργασμένηςdressed / wroughtPf Mid/Pass Part gen fem sg · κατεργάζομαιattributive participle (with κέδρου)→ perfect participle (finished, worked state)κατεργάζομαι (pf. pass. part.): 'work fully / fashion / dress'; the cedar is 'worked / dressed' (finished timber); contrasts with the ἀπελέκητοι ('unhewn') stones; renders the finished beam-course atop the masonry.
κέδρουof cedarGenitivegenitive (material of the course)→ relational specificationκέδρος: 'cedar'; the dressed cedar beam forming the top course of the court-wall.
κυκλόθενround aboutadverb of place→ clausal contributionκυκλόθεν: 'round about'; the courses run all around the court.
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ᾠκοδόμησεhe built / set upAor Act Indic 3 Sg · οἰκοδομέωmain verb (here of erecting the curtain)→ constative aoristοἰκοδομέω: 'build / set up'; the unelided form ᾠκοδόμησε (variant of ᾠκοδόμησεν); here used loosely of erecting / installing the curtain.
καταπέτασμαcurtain / veilAccusativedirect object of ᾠκοδόμησε→ object specificationκαταπέτασμα: 'curtain / veil'; from καταπετάννυμι ('spread down'); the screening veil; the same term as the tabernacle/temple veil before the holy place (cf. Exod 26:31).
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with αὐλῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐλῆςcourtGenitivegenitive of relationship (the court's curtain)→ relational specificationαὐλή: 'court'; here the court of the porch, whose curtain is made.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with αιλαμ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αιλαμporch / vestibulegenitive (indeclinable architectural loanword)→ clausal contributionαιλαμ: the porch / vestibule (Hebrew אוּלָם); indeclinable; the curtain belongs to the court of the porch (cf. v. 3).
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with οἴκου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἴκουhouseGenitivegenitive of possession→ relational specificationοἶκος: the temple, whose porch this is.
τοῦthe (one)Genitivearticle (attributive, with the κατά-phrase)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: the article governing the following prepositional phrase, 'the one in front of the nave.'
κατὰin front ofpreposition + accusative (position)→ spatial or relational framingκατά + acc.: in κατὰ πρόσωπον, 'in front of'; the porch stands before the nave (cf. v. 3).
πρόσωπονfrontAccusativeaccusative (idiom 'in front of')→ object specificationπρόσωπον: 'front'; κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ ναοῦ = 'in front of the nave.'
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with ναοῦ)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ναοῦnave / temple-hallGenitivegenitive (with πρόσωπον)→ relational specificationναός: the main hall; the porch and its court stand before it — the chapter's closing spatial note.