Esther 4 — Greek, Translation, Interlinear & Discourse

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

ὁ δὲ Μαρδοχαῖος ἐπιγνοὺς τὸ συντελούμενον διέρρηξεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐνεδύσατο σάκκον καὶ κατεπάσατο σποδὸν καὶ ἐκπηδήσας διὰ τῆς πλατείας τῆς πόλεως ἐβόα φωνῇ μεγάλῃ αἴρεται ἔθνος μηδὲν ἠδικηκός

When Mordecai learned what was being brought to completion, he tore his garments, put on sackcloth, threw ashes upon himself, and leapt out into the city square crying with a loud voice, 'A nation that has done no wrong is being taken away!'

Mordecai laments publiclyὁ

Mordecai's mourning is bodily, public, and interpretive. He does not merely grieve; he announces the injustice of the decree in the middle of the city.

Word-by-word analysis· 30 words

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

δὲbutX · δέcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementδέ: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

ΜαρδοχαῖοςMordecaiN2 NSM · Μαρδοχαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΜαρδοχαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἐπιγνοὺςlearn / perceive fullyVZ · ααπνσμ γιγνώσκω + ἐπιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionγιγνώσκω: 'learn / perceive fully'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

συντελούμενονbring to completionV2 · πμπασν τελέω + συνparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionτελέω: 'bring to completion'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

διέρρηξενtear apartVAI AAI3S · ῥήγνυμι + διαmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealῥήγνυμι: 'tear apart'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἱμάτιαgarmentN2N APN · ἱμάτιονaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἱμάτιον: 'garment'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτοῦhim / her / itRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καὶandC · καίcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementκαί: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

ἐνεδύσατοput onVAI AMI3S · δύω + ἐνmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealδύω: 'put on'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σάκκονsackclothN2 ASM · σάκκοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσάκκος: "sackcloth," conventional garb of mourning that publicly signifies grief and humiliation in Esther 4.

κατεπάσατοsprinkle overVAI AMI3S · πάσσω + καταmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealπάσσω: 'sprinkle over'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σποδὸνashesN2 ASM · σποδόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσποδός: "ashes," a lament marker paired with sackcloth to depict communal mourning and abasement.

ἐκπηδήσαςleap outVA · ααπνσμ πηδάω + ἐκparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionπηδάω: 'leap out'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

διὰthroughP · διάprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationδιά: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πλατείαςbroad streetA3U GSF · πλατύςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπλατύς: 'broad street'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπόλις: 'city'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐβόαcry outV3I IAI3S · βοάωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealβοάω: 'cry out'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

φωνῇvoiceN1 DSF · φωνήdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereφωνή: 'voice'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μεγάλῃgreatA1 DSF · μέγαςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereμέγας: 'great'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αἴρεταιtake awayV1 PMI3S · αἴρωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealαἴρω: 'take away'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔθνοςnationN3E NSN · ἔθνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἔθνος: 'nation'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μηδὲνno one / nothingA3P NSN · μηδείςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierμηδείς: 'no one / nothing'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἠδικηκόςdo wrongVX · χαπνσν ἀδικέωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἀδικέω: 'do wrong'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καὶ ἦλθεν ἕως τῆς πύλης τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἔστη οὐ γὰρ ἦν ἐξὸν αὐτῷ εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν αὐλὴν σάκκον ἔχοντι καὶ σποδόν

And he came as far as the king's gate and stood there, for it was not permitted for him to enter the court while wearing sackcloth and ashes.

The lament stops at the palace thresholdκαὶ

Royal protocol blocks the mourner from direct access. The gate becomes the visible boundary between courtly order and the grief that order has caused.

Word-by-word analysis· 22 words

ἦλθενcomeVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἔρχομαι: 'come'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἕωςup toP · ἕωςprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἕως: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πύληςgateN1 GSF · πύληgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπύλη: 'gate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionβασιλεύς: "king," here the Persian monarch whose delegated authority turns Haman's hostility into imperial policy.

ἔστηstandVHI AAI3S · ἵστημιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἵστημι: 'stand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οὐnotD · οὐcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementοὐ: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

γὰρforX · γάρcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementγάρ: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

ἦνbeV9 IAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐξὸνbe permittedV9 · παπνσν εἰμί + ἐκparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionεἰμί: 'be permitted'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτῷhim / her / itRD DSM · αὐτόςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰσελθεῖνenterVB AAN · ἔρχομαι + εἰςinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionἔρχομαι: 'enter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰςintoP · εἰςprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationεἰς: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

αὐλὴνcourtN1 ASF · αὐλήaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαὐλή: 'court'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔχοντιhaveV1 · παπδσμ ἔχωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἔχω: 'have'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σποδόνashesN2 ASM · σποδόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσποδός: "ashes," a lament marker paired with sackcloth to depict communal mourning and abasement.

καὶ ἐν πάσῃ χώρᾳ οὗ ἐξετίθετο τὰ γράμματα κραυγὴ καὶ κοπετὸς καὶ πένθος μέγα τοῖς Ιουδαίοις σάκκον καὶ σποδὸν ἔστρωσαν ἑαυτοῖς

And in every province wherever the letters were published there was crying, lamentation, and great mourning among the Jews; they spread sackcloth and ashes for themselves.

Jewish mourning spreads through the provincesκαὶ

The local grief mirrors Mordecai's public lament. The decree has already achieved empire-wide terror before the appointed day arrives.

Word-by-word analysis· 21 words

ἐνinP · ἐνprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐν: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

πάσῃall / everyA1S DSF · πᾶςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

χώρᾳprovinceN1A DSF · χώραdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereχώρα: 'province'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οὗwhereD · οὗadverbial modifier sharpening manner, degree, time, or discourse emphasisοὗ: 'where'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐξετίθετοpublish / postV7I IPI3S · τίθημι + ἐκverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionτίθημι: 'publish / post'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

γράμματαletterN3M NPN · γράμμαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierγράμμα: 'letter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κραυγὴcryN1 NSF · κραυγήnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierκραυγή: 'cry'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κοπετὸςlamentN2 NSM · κοπετόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierκοπετός: 'lament'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πένθοςmourningN3E NSN · πένθοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierπένθος: 'mourning'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μέγαgreatA1P NSN · μέγαςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierμέγας: 'great'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΙουδαίοιςJewN2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealἸουδαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἔστρωσανspreadVAI AAI3P · στρώννυμιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealστρώννυμι: 'spread'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἑαυτοῖςthemselves / herselfRD DPM · ἑαυτοῦdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereἑαυτοῦ: 'themselves / herself'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καὶ εἰσῆλθον αἱ ἅβραι καὶ οἱ εὐνοῦχοι τῆς βασιλίσσης καὶ ἀνήγγειλαν αὐτῇ καὶ ἐταράχθη ἀκούσασα τὸ γεγονὸς καὶ ἀπέστειλεν στολίσαι τὸν Μαρδοχαῖον καὶ ἀφελέσθαι αὐτοῦ τὸν σάκκον ὁ δὲ οὐκ ἐπείσθη

Then the queen's attendants and eunuchs came in and reported it to her, and when she heard what had happened she was troubled; she sent clothing to dress Mordecai and to remove his sackcloth from him, but he would not be persuaded.

Esther first responds from within the palaceκαὶ

Esther's first instinct is to relieve the visible signs of mourning. Mordecai's refusal forces her to move from symbolic repair to understanding the crisis itself.

Word-by-word analysis· 31 words

εἰσῆλθονenterVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + εἰςmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἔρχομαι: 'enter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἅβραιmaidservantN1A NPF · ἅβραnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἅβρα: 'maidservant'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

εὐνοῦχοιeunuchN2 NPM · εὐνοῦχοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierεὐνοῦχος: 'eunuch'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασιλίσσηςqueenN1S GSF · βασίλισσαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationβασίλισσα: "queen," identifying Esther in her courtly role as she is pressed toward risky intercession.

ἀνήγγειλανreportVAI AAI3P · ἀγγέλλω + ἀναmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἀγγέλλω: 'report'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτῇhim / her / itRD DSF · αὐτόςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐταράχθηtroubleVQI API3S · ταράσσωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionταράσσω: 'trouble'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀκούσασαhearVA · ααπνσφ ἀκούωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἀκούω: 'hear'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

γεγονὸςbecome / happenVX · χαπασν γίγνομαιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionγίγνομαι: 'become / happen'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀπέστειλενsendVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealστέλλω: 'send'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

στολίσαιclotheVA AAN · στολίζωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionστολίζω: 'clothe'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΜαρδοχαῖονMordecaiN2 ASM · Μαρδοχαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΜαρδοχαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἀφελέσθαιremoveVB AMN · αἱρέω + ἀποparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionαἱρέω: 'remove'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

οὐκnotD · οὐcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementοὐ: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

ἐπείσθηpersuadeVSI API3S · πείθωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionπείθω: 'persuade'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡ δὲ Εσθηρ προσεκαλέσατο Αχραθαῖον τὸν εὐνοῦχον αὐτῆς ὃς παρειστήκει αὐτῇ καὶ ἀπέστειλεν μαθεῖν αὐτῇ παρὰ τοῦ Μαρδοχαίου τὸ ἀκριβές

So Esther summoned Hachratheos, her eunuch who stood in attendance on her, and sent him to learn from Mordecai the exact matter.

A mediator is sent to learn the factsἡ

The queen now seeks precision. The courtly go-between allows information to cross the barrier that the gate and protocol imposed.

Word-by-word analysis· 20 words

ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΕσθηρEstherN NSF · Εσθηρproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΕσθηρ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

προσεκαλέσατοsummonVAI AMI3S · καλέω + προςmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealκαλέω: 'summon'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΑχραθαῖονHachratheosN2 ASM · Αχραθαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΑχραθαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

εὐνοῦχονeunuchN2 ASM · εὐνοῦχοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseεὐνοῦχος: 'eunuch'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτῆςhim / her / itRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierὅς: 'who'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

παρειστήκειstandVXI XAI3S · ἵστημι + παραmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἵστημι: 'stand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μαθεῖνlearnVB AAN · μανθάνωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionμανθάνω: 'learn'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

παρὰbeside / beyondP · παράprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationπαρά: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΜαρδοχαίουMordecaiN2 GSM · Μαρδοχαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΜαρδοχαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀκριβέςexact matterA3H ASN · ἀκριβήςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἀκριβής: 'exact matter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁ δὲ Μαρδοχαῖος ὑπέδειξεν αὐτῷ τὸ γεγονὸς καὶ τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν ἣν ἐπηγγείλατο Αμαν τῷ βασιλεῖ εἰς τὴν γάζαν ταλάντων μυρίων ἵνα ἀπολέσῃ τοὺς Ιουδαίους

And Mordecai told him what had happened and about the promise Haman had made to the king, to deposit ten thousand talents into the treasury in order to destroy the Jews.

Mordecai explains the plot in fullὁ

Mordecai supplies both the narrative of events and the financial mechanism behind the decree. The threat is shown to be at once political, bureaucratic, and economic.

Word-by-word analysis· 24 words

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὑπέδειξενreport / point outVAI AAI3S · δεικνύω + ὑποmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealδεικνύω: 'report / point out'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐπαγγελίανpromiseN1A ASF · ἐπαγγελίαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἐπαγγελία: 'promise'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἣνwhoRR ASF · ὅςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseὅς: 'who'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐπηγγείλατοpromiseVAI AMI3S · ἀγγέλλω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἀγγέλλω: 'promise'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΑμανHamanN NSM · Αμανproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΑμαν: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionβασιλεύς: "king," here the Persian monarch whose delegated authority turns Haman's hostility into imperial policy.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

γάζανtreasuryN1S ASF · γάζαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseγάζα: 'treasury'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ταλάντωνtalentN2 GPN · τάλαντονgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationτάλαντον: 'talent'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μυρίωνten thousandA1A GPN · μύριοιgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationμύριοι: 'ten thousand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἵναso thatC · ἵναsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingἵνα: 'so that'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀπολέσῃdestroyVA AAS3S · ὀλλύω + ἀποparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionὀλλύω: 'destroy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealἸουδαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

καὶ τὸ ἀντίγραφον τὸ ἐν Σούσοις ἐκτεθὲν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἀπολέσθαι αὐτοὺς ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ δεῖξαι τῇ Εσθηρ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ἐντείλασθαι αὐτῇ εἰσελθούσῃ παραιτήσασθαι τὸν βασιλέα καὶ ἀξιῶσαι αὐτὸν περὶ τοῦ λαοῦ μνησθεῖσα ἡμερῶν ταπεινώσεώς σου ὡς ἐτράφης ἐν χειρί μου διότι Αμαν ὁ δευτερεύων τῷ βασιλεῖ ἐλάλησεν καθ' ἡμῶν εἰς θάνατον ἐπικάλεσαι τὸν κύριον καὶ λάλησον τῷ βασιλεῖ περὶ ἡμῶν καὶ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἐκ θανάτου

And he also gave him the copy of the written decree posted in Susa for their destruction, to show to Esther, and he told him to charge her to go in to the king, to appeal to him and plead with him for the people, remembering the days of your humiliation, how you were reared in my hand: for Haman, the one second to the king, has spoken against us unto death. Call upon the Lord and speak to the king about us, and rescue us from death.

Mordecai commissions Estherκαὶ

The appeal joins documentary proof, personal memory, and theological summons. Esther is asked to remember both her formation and her vocation at the point where public and private identities meet.

Word-by-word analysis· 65 words

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀντίγραφονcopyN2N ASN · ἀντίγραφονaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἀντίγραφον: 'copy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΣούσοιςSusaN DPN · Σουσάproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΣουσά: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἐκτεθὲνpublish / postVC · αππασν τίθημι + ἐκparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionτίθημι: 'publish / post'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὑπὲρfor / concerningP · ὑπέρprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationὑπέρ: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀπολέσθαιdestroyVA AMN · ὀλλύω + ἀποparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionὀλλύω: 'destroy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτοὺςhim / her / itRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealδίδωμι: 'give'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

δεῖξαιshowVA AAN · δεικνύωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionδεικνύω: 'show'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΕσθηρEstherN DSF · Εσθηρproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΕσθηρ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

εἶπενsayVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἶπον: 'say'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐντείλασθαιcommandVA AMN · τέλλω + ἐνverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionτέλλω: 'command'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰσελθούσῃenterVB · ααπδσφ ἔρχομαι + εἰςparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἔρχομαι: 'enter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

παραιτήσασθαιappealVA AMN · αἰτέω + παραparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionαἰτέω: 'appeal'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionβασιλεύς: "king," here the Persian monarch whose delegated authority turns Haman's hostility into imperial policy.

ἀξιῶσαιentreatVA AAN · ἀξιόωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionἀξιόω: 'entreat'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτὸνhim / her / itRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

περὶconcerningP · περίprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationπερί: 'concerning'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationλαός: 'people'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μνησθεῖσαrememberVS · αππνσφ μιμνήσκωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionμιμνήσκω: 'remember'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἡμέρα: 'day'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ταπεινώσεώςhumiliationN3I GSF · ταπείνωσιςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationταπείνωσις: 'humiliation'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὡςasC · ὡςsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingὡς: 'as'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐτράφηςnourish / rearVDI API2S · τρέφωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionτρέφω: 'nourish / rear'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

χειρίhandN3 DSF · χείρdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereχείρ: 'hand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μουI / meRP GS · ἐγώgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementδιότι: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

δευτερεύωνhold second rankV1 · παπνσμ δευτερεύωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionδευτερεύω: 'hold second rank'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐλάλησενspeakVAI AAI3S · λαλέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealλαλέω: 'speak'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καθ'according to / againstP · κατάprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationκατά: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

ἡμῶνI / meRP GP · ἐγώgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θάνατονdeathN2 ASM · θάνατοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseθάνατος: 'death'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐπικάλεσαιcall uponVA AMD2S · καλέω + ἐπιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionκαλέω: 'call upon'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

κύριονLordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseκύριος: "Lord," the covenantal divine title invoked in the Greek prayers that expand Esther 4.

λάλησονspeakVA AAD2S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionλαλέω: 'speak'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ῥῦσαιrescueVA AMD2S · ῥύομαιinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionῥύομαι: 'rescue'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡμᾶςI / meRP AP · ἐγώaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐκfromP · ἐκprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐκ: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

θανάτουdeathN2 GSM · θάνατοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationθάνατος: 'death'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰσελθὼν δὲ ὁ Αχραθαῖος ἐλάλησεν αὐτῇ πάντας τοὺς λόγους τούτους

When Hachratheos entered, he told her all these words.

The message is deliveredεἰσελθὼν

The brief verse functions as a relay point. The narrative pauses only long enough to ensure that Mordecai's charge reaches Esther intact.

Word-by-word analysis· 10 words

εἰσελθὼνenterVB · ααπνσμ ἔρχομαι + εἰςparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἔρχομαι: 'enter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΑχραθαῖοςHachratheosN2 NSM · Αχραθαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΑχραθαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

λόγουςword / matterN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseλόγος: 'word / matter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τούτουςthisRD APM · οὗτοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseοὗτος: 'this'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἶπεν δὲ Εσθηρ πρὸς Αχραθαῖον πορεύθητι πρὸς Μαρδοχαῖον καὶ εἰπὸν ὅτι

Then Esther said to Hachratheos, 'Go to Mordecai and tell him this:'

Esther replies through the mediatorεἶπεν

Esther answers in the same mediated form the crisis has required. Her response begins with realism about the court's danger.

Word-by-word analysis· 11 words

πρὸςtowardP · πρόςprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationπρός: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

πορεύθητιgoVC APD2S · πορεύομαιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionπορεύομαι: 'go'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰπὸνsayVBI AAD2S · εἶπονmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἶπον: 'say'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὅτιthatC · ὅτιcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementὅτι: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

τὰ ἔθνη πάντα τῆς βασιλείας γινώσκει ὅτι πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ἢ γυνή ὃς εἰσελεύσεται πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα εἰς τὴν αὐλὴν τὴν ἐσωτέραν ἄκλητος οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτῷ σωτηρία πλὴν ᾧ ἐκτείνει ὁ βασιλεὺς τὴν χρυσῆν ῥάβδον οὗτος σωθήσεται κἀγὼ οὐ κέκλημαι εἰσελθεῖν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα εἰσὶν αὗται ἡμέραι τριάκοντα

'All the nations of the kingdom know that any man or woman who enters to the king in the inner court uncalled has no hope of survival, except the one to whom the king extends the golden scepter; that person shall live. And I have not been called to enter to the king these thirty days.'

Esther states the mortal riskτὰ

The queen names the law that governs access to royal presence. Her hesitation is not reluctance alone but an accurate reckoning with a system that can kill her.

Word-by-word analysis· 47 words

τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἔθνηnationN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἔθνος: 'nation'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πάνταall / everyA3 NPN · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασιλείαςkingdomN1A GSF · βασιλείαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

γινώσκειknowV1 PAI3S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealγιγνώσκω: 'know'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πᾶςall / everyA3 NSM · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἄνθρωποςhuman beingN2 NSM · ἄνθρωποςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἄνθρωπος: 'human being'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἢἤC · ἤsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingἤ: 'ἤ'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

γυνήwomanN3K NSF · γυνήnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierγυνή: 'woman'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰσελεύσεταιenterVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἔρχομαι: 'enter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐσωτέρανinnerA1A ASFC · ἐσώτεροςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἐσώτερος: 'inner'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἄκλητοςuninvitedA1B NSF · ἄκλητοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἄκλητος: 'uninvited'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σωτηρίαdeliveranceN1A NSF · σωτηρίαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierσωτηρία: 'deliverance'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πλὴνexceptD · πλήνadverbial modifier sharpening manner, degree, time, or discourse emphasisπλήν: 'except'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ᾧwhoRR DSM · ὅςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereὅς: 'who'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐκτείνειextendV1 PAI3S · τείνω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealτείνω: 'extend'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionβασιλεύς: "king," here the Persian monarch whose delegated authority turns Haman's hostility into imperial policy.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

χρυσῆνgoldenA1C ASF · χρυσοῦςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseχρυσοῦς: 'golden'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ῥάβδονscepterN2 ASF · ῥάβδοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseῥάβδος: 'scepter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οὗτοςthisRD NSM · οὗτοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierοὗτος: 'this'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σωθήσεταιsaveVC FPI3S · σώζωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionσώζω: 'save'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κἀγὼand IC+RPNS · καί̈ἐγώsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingκαί̈ἐγώ: 'and I'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κέκλημαιsummonVM XMI1S · καλέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealκαλέω: 'summon'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

εἰσὶνbeV9 PAI3P · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὗταιthemselves / herselfRD NPF · ἑαυτοῦnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἑαυτοῦ: 'themselves / herself'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡμέραιdayN1A NPF · ἡμέραnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἡμέρα: 'day'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τριάκονταthirtyM · τριάκονταsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingτριάκοντα: 'thirty'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καὶ ἀπήγγειλεν Αχραθαῖος Μαρδοχαίῳ πάντας τοὺς λόγους Εσθηρ

And Hachratheos reported to Mordecai all the words of Esther.

Esther's protest is relayed backκαὶ

Again the mediation is emphasized. The narrative lets each side speak fully before the decisive exhortation comes.

Word-by-word analysis· 8 words

ἀπήγγειλενreport backVAI AAI3S · ἀγγέλλω + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἀγγέλλω: 'report back'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΜαρδοχαίῳMordecaiN2 DSM · Μαρδοχαῖοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΜαρδοχαῖος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΕσθηρEstherN GSF · Εσθηρproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΕσθηρ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

καὶ εἶπεν Μαρδοχαῖος πρὸς Αχραθαῖον πορεύθητι καὶ εἰπὸν αὐτῇ Εσθηρ μὴ εἴπῃς σεαυτῇ ὅτι σωθήσῃ μόνη ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ παρὰ πάντας τοὺς Ιουδαίους

And Mordecai said to Hachratheos, 'Go and tell her: Esther, do not say to yourself that you alone among all the Jews will be saved in the kingdom.'

Mordecai warns Esther against false safetyκαὶ

Mordecai dismantles the illusion that palace status can isolate Esther from the fate of her people. Her royal location is exposed as precarious rather than protective.

Word-by-word analysis· 23 words

ΕσθηρEstherN VSF · Εσθηρverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionΕσθηρ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

μὴnotD · μήcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementμή: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

εἴπῃςsayVB AAS2S · λέγωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionλέγω: 'say'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σεαυτῇyourselfRD DSF · σεαυτοῦdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereσεαυτοῦ: 'yourself'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σωθήσῃsaveVC FPI2S · σώζωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionσώζω: 'save'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μόνηalone / onlyA1 NSF · μόνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierμόνος: 'alone / only'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασιλείᾳkingdomN1A DSF · βασιλείαdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὡς ὅτι ἐὰν παρακούσῃς ἐν τούτῳ τῷ καιρῷ ἄλλοθεν βοήθεια καὶ σκέπη ἔσται τοῖς Ιουδαίοις σὺ δὲ καὶ ὁ οἶκος τοῦ πατρός σου ἀπολεῖσθε καὶ τίς οἶδεν εἰ εἰς τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον ἐβασίλευσας

'For if you remain silent at this time, help and shelter will come to the Jews from another place, but you and your father's house will perish; and who knows whether you have come to royal station for such a time as this?'

Mordecai reframes Esther's kingship as providential vocationὡς

This is the chapter's hinge. Deliverance is confessed as not finally dependent on Esther, yet her responsibility within the moment is sharpened rather than diminished.

Word-by-word analysis· 33 words

ἐὰνifC · ἐάνsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingἐάν: 'if'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

παρακούσῃςdisobeyVA AAS2S · ἀκούω + παραparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἀκούω: 'disobey'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τούτῳthisRD DSM · οὗτοςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereοὗτος: 'this'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

καιρῷtimeN2 DSM · καιρόςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereκαιρός: 'time'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἄλλοθενfrom another placeD · ἄλλοθενadverbial modifier sharpening manner, degree, time, or discourse emphasisἄλλοθεν: 'from another place'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

βοήθειαhelpN1A NSF · βοήθειαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierβοήθεια: 'help'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σκέπηshelterN1 NSF · σκέπηnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierσκέπη: 'shelter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔσταιbeVF FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

σὺyouRP NS · σύnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

οἶκοςhouseN2 NSM · οἶκοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierοἶκος: 'house'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πατρόςfatherN3 GSM · πατήρgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπατήρ: 'father'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀπολεῖσθεdestroyVF2 FPI2P · ὀλλύω + ἀποparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionὀλλύω: 'destroy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καὶandD · καίcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementκαί: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierτίς: 'who'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οἶδενknowVX XAI3S · οἶδαmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealοἶδα: 'know'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰifC · εἰsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingεἰ: 'if'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

καιρὸνtimeN2 ASM · καιρόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseκαιρός: 'time'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦτονthisRD ASM · οὗτοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseοὗτος: 'this'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐβασίλευσαςreign / become kingVAI AAI2S · βασιλεύωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealβασιλεύω: 'reign / become king'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν Εσθηρ τὸν ἥκοντα πρὸς αὐτὴν πρὸς Μαρδοχαῖον λέγουσα

Then Esther sent back to Mordecai the messenger who had come to her, saying:

Esther sends her final decisionκαὶ

The short transitional line marks the turn from hesitation to resolve. Esther now speaks with directive force.

Word-by-word analysis· 10 words

ἐξαπέστειλενsend backVAI AAI3S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealστέλλω: 'send back'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἥκονταcome / arriveV1 · παπασμ ἥκωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἥκω: 'come / arrive'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτὴνhim / her / itRD ASF · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

λέγουσαsayV1 · παπνσφ λέγωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionλέγω: 'say'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

βαδίσας ἐκκλησίασον τοὺς Ιουδαίους τοὺς ἐν Σούσοις καὶ νηστεύσατε ἐπ' ἐμοὶ καὶ μὴ φάγητε μηδὲ πίητε ἐπὶ ἡμέρας τρεῖς νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν κἀγὼ δὲ καὶ αἱ ἅβραι μου ἀσιτήσομεν καὶ τότε εἰσελεύσομαι πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα παρὰ τὸν νόμον ἐὰν καὶ ἀπολέσθαι με ᾖ

'Go, gather the Jews who are in Susa, and fast on my behalf; do not eat or drink for three days, night or day. I and my attendants also will fast, and then I will go in to the king contrary to the law; and if I am to perish, let me perish.'

Esther chooses intercession and riskβαδίσας

Esther binds the whole community to a fast and places her royal action under corporate humbling before God. Her final sentence accepts possible death without romanticizing it.

Word-by-word analysis· 43 words

βαδίσαςgoVA · ααπνσμ βαδίζωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionβαδίζω: 'go'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐκκλησίασονassembleVA AAD2S · ἐκκλησιάζωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionἐκκλησιάζω: 'assemble'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

νηστεύσατεfastVA AAD2P · νηστεύωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionνηστεύω: "fast," the verb that turns Esther's response into a communal act of humbling before God.

ἐπ'upon / againstP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐπί: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

ἐμοὶI / meRP DS · ἐγώdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

φάγητεeatVB AAS2P · ἐσθίωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionἐσθίω: 'eat'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μηδὲnorC · μηδέcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementμηδέ: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

πίητεdrinkVB AAS2P · πίνωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionπίνω: 'drink'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐπὶupon / againstP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐπί: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

ἡμέραςdayN1A APF · ἡμέραaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τρεῖςthreeM APF · τρεῖςsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingτρεῖς: 'three'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

νύκταnightN3 ASF · νύξaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseνύξ: 'night'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀσιτήσομενgo without foodVF FAI1P · ἀσιτέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἀσιτέω: 'go without food'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τότεthenD · τότεadverbial modifier sharpening manner, degree, time, or discourse emphasisτότε: 'then'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰσελεύσομαιenterVF FMI1S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἔρχομαι: 'enter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

νόμονlawN2 ASM · νόμοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseνόμος: 'law'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μεI / meRP AS · ἐγώaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ᾖbeV9 PAS3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καὶ βαδίσας Μαρδοχαῖος ἐποίησεν ὅσα ἐνετείλατο αὐτῷ Εσθηρ καὶ ἐδεήθη κυρίου μνημονεύων πάντα τὰ ἔργα κυρίου καὶ εἶπεν κύριε κύριε βασιλεῦ πάντων κρατῶν ὅτι ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ σου τὸ πᾶν ἐστιν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ ἀντιδοξῶν σοι ἐν τῷ θέλειν σε σῶσαι τὸν Ισραηλ ὅτι σὺ ἐποίησας τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ πᾶν θαυμαζόμενον ἐν τῇ ὑπ' οὐρανὸν καὶ κύριος εἶ πάντων καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ὃς ἀντιτάξεταί σοι τῷ κυρίῳ σὺ πάντα γινώσκεις σὺ οἶδας κύριε ὅτι οὐκ ἐν ὕβρει οὐδὲ ἐν ὑπερηφανίᾳ οὐδὲ ἐν φιλοδοξίᾳ ἐποίησα τοῦτο τὸ μὴ προσκυνεῖν τὸν ὑπερήφανον Αμαν ὅτι ηὐδόκουν φιλεῖν πέλματα ποδῶν αὐτοῦ πρὸς σωτηρίαν Ισραηλ ἀλλὰ ἐποίησα τοῦτο ἵνα μὴ θῶ δόξαν ἀνθρώπου ὑπεράνω δόξης θεοῦ καὶ οὐ προσκυνήσω οὐδένα πλὴν σοῦ τοῦ κυρίου μου καὶ οὐ ποιήσω αὐτὰ ἐν ὑπερηφανίᾳ καὶ νῦν κύριε ὁ θεὸς ὁ βασιλεὺς ὁ θεὸς Αβρααμ φεῖσαι τοῦ λαοῦ σου ὅτι ἐπιβλέπουσιν ἡμῖν εἰς καταφθορὰν καὶ ἐπεθύμησαν ἀπολέσαι τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς κληρονομίαν σου μὴ ὑπερίδῃς τὴν μερίδα σου ἣν σεαυτῷ ἐλυτρώσω ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου ἐπάκουσον τῆς δεήσεώς μου καὶ ἱλάσθητι τῷ κλήρῳ σου καὶ στρέψον τὸ πένθος ἡμῶν εἰς εὐωχίαν ἵνα ζῶντες ὑμνῶμέν σου τὸ ὄνομα κύριε καὶ μὴ ἀφανίσῃς στόμα αἰνούντων σοι καὶ πᾶς Ισραηλ ἐκέκραξαν ἐξ ἰσχύος αὐτῶν ὅτι θάνατος αὐτῶν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτῶν καὶ Εσθηρ ἡ βασίλισσα κατέφυγεν ἐπὶ τὸν κύριον ἐν ἀγῶνι θανάτου κατειλημμένη καὶ ἀφελομένη τὰ ἱμάτια τῆς δόξης αὐτῆς ἐνεδύσατο ἱμάτια στενοχωρίας καὶ πένθους καὶ ἀντὶ τῶν ὑπερηφάνων ἡδυσμάτων σποδοῦ καὶ κοπριῶν ἔπλησεν τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτῆς καὶ τὸ σῶμα αὐτῆς ἐταπείνωσεν σφόδρα καὶ πάντα τόπον κόσμου ἀγαλλιάματος αὐτῆς ἔπλησε στρεπτῶν τριχῶν αὐτῆς καὶ ἐδεῖτο κυρίου θεοῦ Ισραηλ καὶ εἶπεν κύριέ μου ὁ βασιλεὺς ἡμῶν σὺ εἶ μόνος βοήθησόν μοι τῇ μόνῃ καὶ μὴ ἐχούσῃ βοηθὸν εἰ μὴ σέ ὅτι κίνδυνός μου ἐν χειρί μου ἐγὼ ἤκουον ἐκ γενετῆς μου ἐν φυλῇ πατριᾶς μου ὅτι σύ κύριε ἔλαβες τὸν Ισραηλ ἐκ πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν καὶ τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν ἐκ πάντων τῶν προγόνων αὐτῶν εἰς κληρονομίαν αἰώνιον καὶ ἐποίησας αὐτοῖς ὅσα ἐλάλησας καὶ νῦν ἡμάρτομεν ἐνώπιόν σου καὶ παρέδωκας ἡμᾶς εἰς χεῖρας τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν ἀνθ' ὧν ἐδοξάσαμεν τοὺς θεοὺς αὐτῶν δίκαιος εἶ κύριε καὶ νῦν οὐχ ἱκανώθησαν ἐν πικρασμῷ δουλείας ἡμῶν ἀλλὰ ἔθηκαν τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὰς χεῖρας τῶν εἰδώλων αὐτῶν ἐξᾶραι ὁρισμὸν στόματός σου καὶ ἀφανίσαι κληρονομίαν σου καὶ ἐμφράξαι στόμα αἰνούντων σοι καὶ σβέσαι δόξαν οἴκου σου καὶ θυσιαστήριόν σου καὶ ἀνοῖξαι στόμα ἐθνῶν εἰς ἀρετὰς ματαίων καὶ θαυμασθῆναι βασιλέα σάρκινον εἰς αἰῶνα μὴ παραδῷς κύριε τὸ σκῆπτρόν σου τοῖς μὴ οὖσιν καὶ μὴ καταγελασάτωσαν ἐν τῇ πτώσει ἡμῶν ἀλλὰ στρέψον τὴν βουλὴν αὐτῶν ἐπ' αὐτούς τὸν δὲ ἀρξάμενον ἐφ' ἡμᾶς παραδειγμάτισον μνήσθητι κύριε γνώσθητι ἐν καιρῷ θλίψεως ἡμῶν καὶ ἐμὲ θάρσυνον βασιλεῦ τῶν θεῶν καὶ πάσης ἀρχῆς ἐπικρατῶν δὸς λόγον εὔρυθμον εἰς τὸ στόμα μου ἐνώπιον τοῦ λέοντος καὶ μετάθες τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ εἰς μῖσος τοῦ πολεμοῦντος ἡμᾶς εἰς συντέλειαν αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν ὁμονοούντων αὐτῷ ἡμᾶς δὲ ῥῦσαι ἐν χειρί σου καὶ βοήθησόν μοι τῇ μόνῃ καὶ μὴ ἐχούσῃ εἰ μὴ σέ κύριε πάντων γνῶσιν ἔχεις καὶ οἶδας ὅτι ἐμίσησα δόξαν ἀνόμων καὶ βδελύσσομαι κοίτην ἀπεριτμήτων καὶ παντὸς ἀλλοτρίου σὺ οἶδας τὴν ἀνάγκην μου ὅτι βδελύσσομαι τὸ σημεῖον τῆς ὑπερηφανίας μου ὅ ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς μου ἐν ἡμέραις ὀπτασίας μου βδελύσσομαι αὐτὸ ὡς ῥάκος καταμηνίων καὶ οὐ φορῶ αὐτὸ ἐν ἡμέραις ἡσυχίας μου καὶ οὐκ ἔφαγεν ἡ δούλη σου τράπεζαν Αμαν καὶ οὐκ ἐδόξασα συμπόσιον βασιλέως οὐδὲ ἔπιον οἶνον σπονδῶν καὶ οὐκ ηὐφράνθη ἡ δούλη σου ἀφ' ἡμέρας μεταβολῆς μου μέχρι νῦν πλὴν ἐπὶ σοί κύριε ὁ θεὸς Αβρααμ ὁ θεὸς ὁ ἰσχύων ἐπὶ πάντας εἰσάκουσον φωνὴν ἀπηλπισμένων καὶ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἐκ χειρὸς τῶν πονηρευομένων καὶ ῥῦσαί με ἐκ τοῦ φόβου μου

And Mordecai went and did everything Esther had commanded him, and he pleaded with the Lord, remembering all the works of the Lord. He said, 'Lord, Lord, king ruling over all powers, everything is in your authority, and there is no one who can oppose you when you will to save Israel. You made heaven and earth and every wonder beneath heaven. You are Lord of all, and there is none who can withstand you. You know, Lord, that it was not from insolence, pride, or ambition that I refused to bow to proud Haman; for I would even have been content to kiss the soles of his feet for Israel's deliverance. But I did it so that I might not place the glory of a man above the glory of God, and I will bow to no one except you, my Lord, nor do I act so out of pride. And now, Lord God, king, God of Abraham, spare your people, because they are looking upon us for destruction and they long to annihilate your inheritance from the beginning. Do not disregard your portion which you redeemed for yourself out of the land of Egypt. Hear my prayer and be reconciled to your lot; turn our mourning into feasting, so that living we may hymn your name, Lord, and do not destroy the mouth of those who praise you.' Then all Israel cried out with all their strength, because death was before their eyes. And Queen Esther fled for refuge to the Lord, seized in the agony of death. She removed the garments of her glory and clothed herself with garments of distress and mourning; instead of proud perfumes she filled her head with ashes and dung, and she greatly humbled her body, filling every place of her adornment with her tangled hair. She prayed to the Lord God of Israel and said, 'My Lord, you alone are our king. Help me, who am alone and have no helper but you, for my danger is in my hand. From my birth, in the tribe of my father's house, I have heard that you, Lord, chose Israel from all the nations and our fathers from all their ancestors as an everlasting inheritance, and that you did for them all that you spoke. Now we have sinned before you, and you have handed us over to our enemies because we glorified their gods. Righteous are you, Lord. Yet they have not been satisfied with the bitterness of our slavery; rather they have laid their hands upon the hands of their idols, to nullify the decree of your mouth, to destroy your inheritance, to shut the mouth of those who praise you, to quench the glory of your house and your altar, and to open the mouth of the nations for the praises of worthless things and for a king of flesh to be admired forever. Do not give your scepter, Lord, to those who are nothing, and do not let them gloat over our fall; turn their plan against them, and make an example of the man who began this attack on us. Remember, Lord; make yourself known in the time of our affliction, and give me courage, king of gods and ruler over every authority. Put well-ordered speech into my mouth before the lion, and turn his heart to hatred of the one warring against us, to the destruction of him and those who think with him. But deliver us by your hand, and help me, who am alone and have no one but you. You know all things, Lord, and you know that I have hated the glory of the lawless and abhor the bed of the uncircumcised and every foreigner. You know my necessity: I loathe the sign of my proud rank that is upon my head in the days when I appear in public; I loathe it like a menstrual rag and do not wear it in my quiet days. Your servant has not eaten at Haman's table, nor honored the king's banquet, nor drunk the wine of libations. Your servant has found no joy from the day of my change until now, except in you, Lord God of Abraham, mighty over all. Hear the voice of the despairing, deliver us from the hand of evildoers, and deliver me from my fear.'

Mordecai and Esther turn the crisis into communal prayerκαὶ

The Greek chapter expands here with the penitential and intercessory prayers of Mordecai and Esther. The crisis is interpreted theologically: royal peril, covenant memory, confession of sin, and appeal for reversal are woven together before Esther approaches the king.

Word-by-word analysis· 605 words

ἐποίησενdo / makeVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealποιέω: 'do / make'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὅσαas much as / whateverA1 APN · ὅσοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseὅσος: 'as much as / whatever'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐνετείλατοcommandVAI AMI3S · τέλλω + ἐνmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealτέλλω: 'command'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΕσθηρEstherN2 NSF · Εσθηρproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΕσθηρ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἐδεήθηimplore / prayVCI API3S · δέωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionδέω: 'implore / pray'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κυρίουLordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationκύριος: "Lord," the covenantal divine title invoked in the Greek prayers that expand Esther 4.

μνημονεύωνrememberV1 · παπνσμ μνημονεύωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionμνημονεύω: 'remember'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πάνταall / everyA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἔργαworkN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἔργον: 'work'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionκύριος: "Lord," the covenantal divine title invoked in the Greek prayers that expand Esther 4.

βασιλεῦkingN3V VSM · βασιλεύςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionβασιλεύς: "king," here the Persian monarch whose delegated authority turns Haman's hostility into imperial policy.

πάντωνall / everyA3 GPN · πᾶςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κρατῶνruleV2 · παπνσμ κρατέωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionκρατέω: 'rule'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐξουσίᾳauthorityN1A DSF · ἐξουσίαdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereἐξουσία: 'authority'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πᾶνall / everyA3 NSN · πᾶςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀντιδοξῶνoppose in opinionVF · φαπνσμ δοκέω + ἀντιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionδοκέω: 'oppose in opinion'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σοιyouRP DS · σύdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

θέλεινwish / willV1 PAN · θέλωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionθέλω: 'wish / will'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σῶσαιsaveVA AAN · σώζωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionσώζω: 'save'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΙσραηλIsraelN ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealἸσραήλ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἐποίησαςdo / makeVAI AAI2S · ποιέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealποιέω: 'do / make'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

οὐρανὸνheavenN2 ASM · οὐρανόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseοὐρανός: 'heaven'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

γῆνearthN1 ASF · γῆaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseγῆ: 'earth'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πᾶνall / everyA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θαυμαζόμενονwonder atV1 · πμπασν θαυμάζωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionθαυμάζω: 'wonder at'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὑπ'under / byP · ὑπόprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationὑπό: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierκύριος: "Lord," the covenantal divine title invoked in the Greek prayers that expand Esther 4.

εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πάντωνall / everyA3 GPM · πᾶςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀντιτάξεταίopposeVF FMI3S · τάσσω + ἀντιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealτάσσω: 'oppose'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

κυρίῳLordN2 DSM · κύριοςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereκύριος: "Lord," the covenantal divine title invoked in the Greek prayers that expand Esther 4.

γινώσκειςknowV1 PAI2S · γιγνώσκωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealγιγνώσκω: 'know'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οἶδαςknowVX XAI2S · οἶδαmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealοἶδα: 'know'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὕβρειinsolenceN3I DSF · ὕβριςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereὕβρις: 'insolence'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementοὐδέ: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

ὑπερηφανίᾳprideN1A DSF · ὑπερηφανίαdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereὑπερηφανία: 'pride'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

φιλοδοξίᾳambitionN1A DSF · φιλοδοξίαdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereφιλοδοξία: 'ambition'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐποίησαdo / makeVAI AAI1S · ποιέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealποιέω: 'do / make'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseοὗτος: 'this'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

προσκυνεῖνbow downV2 PAN · κυνέω + προςparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionκυνέω: 'bow down'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὑπερήφανονproud oneN2 ASM · ὑπερήφανοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseὑπερήφανος: 'proud one'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΑμανHamanN GSM · Αμανproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΑμαν: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ηὐδόκουνbe willingV2I IAI1S · εὐδοκέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealεὐδοκέω: 'be willing'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

φιλεῖνkiss / loveV2 PAN · φιλέωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionφιλέω: 'kiss / love'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πέλματαsoleN3M APN · πέλμαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseπέλμα: 'sole'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ποδῶνfootN3D GPM · πούςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπούς: 'foot'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σωτηρίανdeliveranceN1A ASF · σωτηρίαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσωτηρία: 'deliverance'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealἸσραήλ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάsubstantival or adjectival term contributing to the clause's argument or scene-settingἀλλά: 'but'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θῶplaceVE AAS1S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionτίθημι: 'place'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseδόξα: "glory," a key theological term in Esther 4 where human honor is subordinated to divine glory.

ἀνθρώπουhuman beingN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἄνθρωπος: 'human being'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὑπεράνωaboveP · ὑπεράνωprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationὑπεράνω: 'above'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationδόξα: "glory," a key theological term in Esther 4 where human honor is subordinated to divine glory.

θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationθεός: "God," naming the divine actor to whom Mordecai and Esther appeal for deliverance.

προσκυνήσωbow downVF FAI1S · κυνέω + προςmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealκυνέω: 'bow down'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οὐδέναno oneA3 ASM · οὐδείςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseοὐδείς: 'no one'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πλὴνexceptP · πλήνprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationπλήν: 'except'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σοῦyouRP GS · σύgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ποιήσωdo / makeVF FAI1S · ποιέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealποιέω: 'do / make'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτὰhim / her / itRD APN · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

νῦνnowD · νῦνadverbial modifier sharpening manner, degree, time, or discourse emphasisνῦν: 'now'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierθεός: "God," naming the divine actor to whom Mordecai and Esther appeal for deliverance.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierθεός: "God," naming the divine actor to whom Mordecai and Esther appeal for deliverance.

ΑβρααμAbrahamN GSM · Ἀβραάμproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealἈβραάμ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

φεῖσαιspareVA AMD2S · φείδομαιinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionφείδομαι: 'spare'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐπιβλέπουσινlook towardV1 PAI3P · βλέπω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealβλέπω: 'look toward'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡμῖνI / meRP DP · ἐγώdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καταφθορὰνdestructionN1A ASF · καταφθοράaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseκαταφθορά: 'destruction'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐπεθύμησανdesireVAI AAI3P · θυμέω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealθυμέω: 'desire'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀπολέσαιdestroyVA AAN · ὀλλύω + ἀποparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionὀλλύω: 'destroy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐξfromP · ἐκprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐκ: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

ἀρχῆςrule / authorityN1 GSF · ἀρχήgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἀρχή: 'rule / authority'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κληρονομίανinheritanceN1A ASF · κληρονομίαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseκληρονομία: 'inheritance'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὑπερίδῃςoverlookVB AAS2S · ὁράω + ὑπερparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionὁράω: 'overlook'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

μερίδαportionN3D ASF · μερίςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseμερίς: 'portion'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σεαυτῷyourselfRD DSM · σεαυτοῦdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereσεαυτοῦ: 'yourself'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐλυτρώσωredeemVAI AMI2S · λυτρόωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealλυτρόω: 'redeem'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationγῆ: 'earth'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΑἰγύπτουEgyptN2 GSF · Αἴγυπτοςproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealΑἴγυπτος: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἐπάκουσονhearVA AAD2S · ἀκούω + ἐπιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἀκούω: 'hear'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

δεήσεώςpetitionN3I GSF · δέησιςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationδέησις: 'petition'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἱλάσθητιshow favorVC APD2S · ἱλάσκομαιverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionἱλάσκομαι: 'show favor'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

κλήρῳlotN2 DSM · κλῆροςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereκλῆρος: "lot," the term that marks the calendrical fixing of the threatened destruction in Esther 3.

στρέψονturnVA AAD2S · στρέφωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionστρέφω: 'turn'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πένθοςmourningN3E ASN · πένθοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseπένθος: 'mourning'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εὐωχίανfeastingN1A ASF · εὐωχίαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseεὐωχία: 'feasting'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ζῶντεςliveV3 · παπνπμ ζάωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionζάω: 'live'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὑμνῶμένhymnV2 PAS1P · ὑμνέωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionὑμνέω: 'hymn'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseὄνομα: 'name'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀφανίσῃςdestroyVA AAS2S · ἵζω + ἀπο + ἀναparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἵζω: 'destroy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

στόμαmouthN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseστόμα: 'mouth'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αἰνούντωνpraiseV2 · παπγπμ αἰνέωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionαἰνέω: 'praise'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ΙσραηλIsraelN NSM · Ἰσραήλproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealἸσραήλ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

ἐκέκραξανcry outVAI AAI3P · κράζω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealκράζω: 'cry out'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἰσχύοςstrengthN3U GSF · ἰσχύςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἰσχύς: 'strength'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτῶνhim / her / itRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θάνατοςdeathN2 NSM · θάνατοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierθάνατος: 'death'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὀφθαλμοῖςeyeN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereὀφθαλμός: 'eye'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βασίλισσαqueenN1A NSF · βασίλισσαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierβασίλισσα: "queen," identifying Esther in her courtly role as she is pressed toward risky intercession.

κατέφυγενflee for refugeVBI AAI3S · φεύγω + καταmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealφεύγω: 'flee for refuge'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀγῶνιagonyN3W DSM · ἀγώνdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereἀγών: 'agony'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κατειλημμένηseizeVP · χμπνσφ λαμβάνω + καταparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionλαμβάνω: 'seize'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀφελομένηremoveVB · αμπνσφ αἱρέω + ἀποparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionαἱρέω: 'remove'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

στενοχωρίαςdistressN1A GSF · στενοχωρίαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationστενοχωρία: 'distress'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πένθουςmourningN3E GSN · πένθοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπένθος: 'mourning'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀντὶinstead of / againstP · ἀντίprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἀντί: 'instead of / against'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὑπερηφάνωνproud oneN2 GPM · ὑπερήφανοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationὑπερήφανος: 'proud one'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡδυσμάτωνperfumeN3M GPN · ἥδυσμαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἥδυσμα: 'perfume'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σποδοῦashesN2 GSM · σποδόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationσποδός: "ashes," a lament marker paired with sackcloth to depict communal mourning and abasement.

κοπριῶνdungN1A GPF · κοπρίαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationκοπρία: 'dung'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔπλησενfillVAI AAI3S · πίμπλημιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealπίμπλημι: 'fill'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

κεφαλὴνheadN1 ASF · κεφαλήaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseκεφαλή: 'head'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

σῶμαbodyN3M ASN · σῶμαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσῶμα: 'body'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐταπείνωσενhumbleVAI AAI3S · ταπεινόωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealταπεινόω: 'humble'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σφόδραexceedinglyD · σφόδραadverbial modifier sharpening manner, degree, time, or discourse emphasisσφόδρα: 'exceedingly'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πάνταall / everyA3 ASM · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τόπονplaceN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseτόπος: 'place'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κόσμουadornmentN2 GSM · κόσμοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationκόσμος: 'adornment'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀγαλλιάματοςadornment / joyN3M GSN · ἀγαλλίαμαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἀγαλλίαμα: 'adornment / joy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔπλησεfillVAI AAI3S · πίμπλημιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealπίμπλημι: 'fill'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

στρεπτῶνtwisted / plaitedA1 GPF · στρεπτόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationστρεπτός: 'twisted / plaited'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τριχῶνhairN3 GPF · θρίξgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationθρίξ: 'hair'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐδεῖτοimplore / prayV2I IMI3S · δέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealδέω: 'implore / pray'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κύριέLordN2 VSM · κύριοςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionκύριος: "Lord," the covenantal divine title invoked in the Greek prayers that expand Esther 4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

μόνοςalone / onlyA1 NSM · μόνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierμόνος: 'alone / only'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

βοήθησόνhelpVA AAD2S · βοηθέωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionβοηθέω: 'help'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μοιI / meRP DS · ἐγώdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

μόνῃalone / onlyA1 DSF · μόνοςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereμόνος: 'alone / only'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐχούσῃhaveV1 · παπδσφ ἔχωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἔχω: 'have'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

βοηθὸνhelperN2 ASM · βοηθόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseβοηθός: 'helper'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σέyouRP AS · σύaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κίνδυνόςdangerN2 NSM · κίνδυνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierκίνδυνος: 'danger'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐγὼI / meRP NS · ἐγώnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἤκουονhearV1I IAI1S · ἀκούωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἀκούω: 'hear'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

γενετῆςbirthN1 GSF · γενετήgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationγενετή: 'birth'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

φυλῇtribeN1 DSF · φυλήdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereφυλή: 'tribe'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πατριᾶςclanN1A GSF · πατριάgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπατριά: 'clan'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σύyouRP NS · σύnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔλαβεςtakeVBI AAI2S · λαμβάνωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealλαμβάνω: 'take'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ΙσραηλIsraelN2 ASM · Ἰσραήλproper name anchoring the Persian court, the Jewish people, or the covenantal appealἸσραήλ: proper name used in the Esther narrative to identify a person, place, or people-group within the Persian court setting.

τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἔθνος: 'nation'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πατέραςfatherN3 APM · πατήρaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseπατήρ: 'father'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

προγόνωνancestorN2 GPM · πρόγονοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπρόγονος: 'ancestor'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αἰώνιονeverlastingA1B ASF · αἰώνιοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαἰώνιος: 'everlasting'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτοῖςhim / her / itRD DPN · αὐτόςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐλάλησαςspeakVAI AAI2S · λαλέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealλαλέω: 'speak'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡμάρτομενsinVBI AAI1P · ἁμαρτάνωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἁμαρτάνω: 'sin'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐνώπιόνbeforeP · ἐνώπιονprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐνώπιον: 'before'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

παρέδωκαςgiveVAI AAI2S · δίδωμι + παραmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealδίδωμι: 'give'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

χεῖραςhandN3 APF · χείρaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseχείρ: 'hand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐχθρῶνenemyA1A GPM · ἐχθρόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἐχθρός: 'enemy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀνθ'instead of / againstP · ἀντίprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἀντί: 'instead of / against'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὧνwhoRR GPM · ὅςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationὅς: 'who'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐδοξάσαμενhonorVAI AAI1P · δοξάζωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealδοξάζω: 'honor'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

θεοὺςGodN2 APM · θεόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseθεός: "God," naming the divine actor to whom Mordecai and Esther appeal for deliverance.

δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierδίκαιος: 'righteous'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οὐχnotD · οὐcoordinating or connective particle linking clauses or sharpening the discourse movementοὐ: connective or particle, here shaping the movement of the court-crisis narrative and its theological interpretation in Esther 3-4.

ἱκανώθησανbe satisfiedVC API3P · ἱκανόομαιverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionἱκανόομαι: 'be satisfied'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

πικρασμῷbitternessN2 DSM · πικρασμόςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereπικρασμός: 'bitterness'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

δουλείαςslaveryN1A GSF · δουλείαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationδουλεία: 'slavery'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔθηκανplaceVAI AAI3P · τίθημιmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealτίθημι: 'place'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

εἰδώλωνidolN2N GPN · εἴδωλονgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationεἴδωλον: 'idol'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐξᾶραιtake awayVA AAN · αἴρω + ἐκverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionαἴρω: 'take away'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁρισμὸνdecreeN2 ASM · ὁρισμόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseὁρισμός: 'decree'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

στόματόςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationστόμα: 'mouth'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀφανίσαιdestroyVA AAN · ἵζω + ἀπο + ἀναparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἵζω: 'destroy'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐμφράξαιshut upVA AAN · φράσσω + ἐνverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionφράσσω: 'shut up'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σβέσαιquenchVA AAN · σβέννυμιinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, result, or complementary actionσβέννυμι: 'quench'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationοἶκος: 'house'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θυσιαστήριόνaltarN2N ASN · θυσιαστήριονaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseθυσιαστήριον: 'altar'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀνοῖξαιopenVA AAN · οἴγω + ἀναverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionοἴγω: 'open'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀρετὰςpraise / excellenceN1 APF · ἀρετήaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἀρετή: 'praise / excellence'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ματαίωνvain / worthlessA1A GPM · μάταιοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationμάταιος: 'vain / worthless'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θαυμασθῆναιwonder atVC APN · θαυμάζωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionθαυμάζω: 'wonder at'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σάρκινονmade of fleshA1 ASM · σάρκινοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσάρκινος: 'made of flesh'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαἰών: 'age / forever'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

παραδῷςgiveVO AAS2S · δίδωμι + παραparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionδίδωμι: 'give'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

σκῆπτρόνscepterN2N ASN · σκῆπτρονaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσκῆπτρον: "scepter," the sign both of royal power and of the perilous court protocol Esther must face.

τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

οὖσινbeV9 · παπδπμ εἰμίparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionεἰμί: 'be'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καταγελασάτωσανmockVA AAD3P · γελάω + καταverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionγελάω: 'mock'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πτώσειfallN3I DSF · πτῶσιςdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereπτῶσις: 'fall'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

βουλὴνplanN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseβουλή: 'plan'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτούςhim / her / itRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀρξάμενονbegin / ruleVA · αμπασμ ἄρχωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἄρχω: 'begin / rule'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐφ'upon / againstP · ἐπίprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐπί: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

παραδειγμάτισονmake an example ofVA AAD2S · δειγματίζω + παραparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionδειγματίζω: 'make an example of'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μνήσθητιrememberVS APD2S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionμιμνήσκω: 'remember'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

γνώσθητιknowVS APD2S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionγιγνώσκω: 'know'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θλίψεωςafflictionN3I GSF · θλῖψιςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationθλῖψις: 'affliction'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐμὲI / meRP AS · ἐγώaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἐγώ: 'I / me'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

θάρσυνονemboldenVA AAD2S · θαρσύνωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionθαρσύνω: 'embolden'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

θεῶνGodN2 GPM · θεόςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationθεός: "God," naming the divine actor to whom Mordecai and Esther appeal for deliverance.

πάσηςall / everyA1S GSF · πᾶςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐπικρατῶνmasterV2 · παπνσμ κρατέω + ἐπιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionκρατέω: 'master'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionδίδωμι: 'give'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

λόγονword / matterN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseλόγος: 'word / matter'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εὔρυθμονwell-orderedA1B ASM · εὔρυθμοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseεὔρυθμος: 'well-ordered'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἐνώπιονbeforeP · ἐνώπιονprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἐνώπιον: 'before'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

λέοντοςlionN3 GSM · λέωνgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationλέων: 'lion'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μετάθεςplaceVE AAD2S · τίθημι + μεταverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionτίθημι: 'place'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseκαρδία: 'heart'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μῖσοςhatredN3 ASN · μῖσοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseμῖσος: 'hatred'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πολεμοῦντοςwage warV2 · παπγσμ πολεμέωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionπολεμέω: 'wage war'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

συντέλειανdestruction / endN1A ASF · συντέλειαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσυντέλεια: 'destruction / end'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὁμονοούντωνbe of one mindV2 · παπγπμ ὁμονοέωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionὁμονοέω: 'be of one mind'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

γνῶσινknowledgeN3I ASF · γνῶσιςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseγνῶσις: 'knowledge'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔχειςhaveV1 PAI2S · ἔχωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἔχω: 'have'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐμίσησαhateVAI AAI1S · μισέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealμισέω: 'hate'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀνόμωνlawlessA1B GPM · ἄνομοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἄνομος: 'lawless'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

βδελύσσομαιabhorV1 PMI1S · βδελύσσωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealβδελύσσω: 'abhor'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

κοίτηνbedN1 ASF · κοίτηaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseκοίτη: 'bed'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀπεριτμήτωνuncircumcisedA1B GPM · ἀπερίτμητοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἀπερίτμητος: 'uncircumcised'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

παντὸςall / everyA3 GSM · πᾶςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationπᾶς: 'all / every'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀλλοτρίουforeignA1A GSM · ἀλλότριοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἀλλότριος: 'foreign'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀνάγκηνnecessityN1 ASF · ἀνάγκηaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseἀνάγκη: 'necessity'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

σημεῖονmarkN2 ASN · σημεῖονaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσημεῖον: 'mark'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ὑπερηφανίαςprideN1A GSF · ὑπερηφανίαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationὑπερηφανία: 'pride'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὅwhoRR NSN · ὅςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierὅς: 'who'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

κεφαλῆςheadN1 GSF · κεφαλήgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationκεφαλή: 'head'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereἡμέρα: 'day'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὀπτασίαςpublic appearanceN1A GSF · ὀπτασίαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationὀπτασία: 'public appearance'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

αὐτὸhim / her / itRD ASN · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseαὐτός: 'him / her / it'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ῥάκοςragN3 ASN · ῥάκοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseῥάκος: 'rag'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

καταμηνίωνmenstrualA1A GPM · καταμήνιοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationκαταμήνιος: 'menstrual'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

φορῶwearV2 PAI1S · φορέωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealφορέω: 'wear'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡσυχίαςquietnessN1A GSF · ἡσυχίαgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἡσυχία: 'quietness'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔφαγενeatVBI AAI3S · ἐσθίωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealἐσθίω: 'eat'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

δούληfemale servantN1 NSF · δούληnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierδούλη: 'female servant'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τράπεζανtableN1S ASF · τράπεζαaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseτράπεζα: 'table'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἐδόξασαhonorVAI AAI1S · δοξάζωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealδοξάζω: 'honor'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

συμπόσιονbanquetA1A ASN · συμπόσιονaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseσυμπόσιον: 'banquet'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἔπιονdrinkVBI AAI1S · πίνωmain verbal form advancing the court-crisis narrative or the prayerful appealπίνω: 'drink'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

οἶνονwineN2 ASM · οἶνοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseοἶνος: 'wine'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

σπονδῶνlibationN1 GPF · σπονδήgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationσπονδή: 'libation'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ηὐφράνθηrejoiceVCI API3S · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionεὐφραίνω: 'rejoice'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἀφ'fromP · ἀπόprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationἀπό: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

ἡμέραςdayN1A GSF · ἡμέραgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationἡμέρα: 'day'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μεταβολῆςchangeN1 GSF · μεταβολήgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationμεταβολή: 'change'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

μέχριuntilP · μέχριprepositional element governing its complement and locating the action or relationμέχρι: preposition that marks relation, movement, location, or reference within the Persian court crisis of Esther 3-4.

σοίyouRP DS · σύdative complement marking reference, recipient, means, or sphereσύ: 'you'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierθεός: "God," naming the divine actor to whom Mordecai and Esther appeal for deliverance.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifierθεός: "God," naming the divine actor to whom Mordecai and Esther appeal for deliverance.

ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

ἰσχύωνbe strongV1 · παπνσμ ἰσχύωparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἰσχύω: 'be strong'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

εἰσάκουσονhearVA AAD2S · ἀκούω + εἰςverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionἀκούω: 'hear'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

φωνὴνvoiceN1 ASF · φωνήaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clauseφωνή: 'voice'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ἀπηλπισμένωνdespairVT · χμπγπμ ἐλπίζω + ἀποparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionἐλπίζω: 'despair'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationχείρ: 'hand'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

πονηρευομένωνact wickedlyV1 · πμπγπμ πονηρεύομαιparticipial verbal form supplying circumstance, cause, manner, or attendant actionπονηρεύομαι: 'act wickedly'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

ῥῦσαίrescueVA AMD2S · ῥύομαιverbal form carrying the clause forward within the narrative or petitionῥύομαι: 'rescue'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and specifying the following substantive or phraseDefinite article from ὁ, ἡ, τό marking and specifying the following noun or phrase.

φόβουfearN2 GSM · φόβοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualificationφόβος: 'fear'; used here in its ordinary sense within the Persian court crisis and deliverance narrative of Esther 3-4.

The Book of Esther, Chapter 4ΕΣΘΗΡ Δ′

Theme

Translation & textual notes