1
καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ὁ βασιλεὺς Ἀρταξέρξης ἐδωρήσατο Εσθηρ ὅσα ὑπῆρχεν Αμαν τῷ διαβόλῳ καὶ Μαρδοχαῖος προσεκλήθη ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως ὑπέδειξεν γὰρ Εσθηρ ὅτι ἐνοικείωται αὐτῇ
And on that very day King Artaxerxes gave to Esther all that had belonged to Haman the slanderer, and Mordecai was summoned by the king, for Esther had shown that he was related to her.
The first consequence of Haman's fall is not yet legal repeal but the transfer of his goods and access: Esther receives his estate and Mordecai is brought into open courtly relation.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
αὐτῇsame / her / himRD DSF · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DSF · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement / reference or instrumentἡμέρα: 'day'; parse N1A DSF · ἡμέρα. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V NSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἈρταξέρξηςArtaxerxesN1M NSM · Ἀρταξέρξηςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἈρταξέρξης: 'Artaxerxes'; parse N1M NSM · Ἀρταξέρξης. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐδωρήσατοgrant as a giftVAI AMI3S · δωρέομαιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextδωρέομαι: 'grant as a gift'; parse VAI AMI3S · δωρέομαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ΕσθηρEstherN DSF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ὅσαas many asA1 NPN · ὅσοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὅσος: 'as many as'; parse A1 NPN · ὅσος. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ὑπῆρχενbelong to / be at one's disposalV1I IAI3S · ἄρχω + ὑποmain finite verb of the clause→ imperfective backgrounding / ongoing portrayalἄρχω + ὑπο: 'belong to / be at one's disposal'; parse V1I IAI3S · ἄρχω + ὑπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with imperfective backgrounding / ongoing portrayal.
ΑμανHamanN DSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
διαβόλῳslandererN2 DSM · διάβολοςdative complement / reference or instrumentδιάβολος: 'slanderer'; parse N2 DSM · διάβολος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ΜαρδοχαῖοςMordecaiN2 NSM · Μαρδοχαῖοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseΜαρδοχαῖος: 'Mordecai'; parse N2 NSM · Μαρδοχαῖος. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
προσεκλήθηsummon forwardVCI API3S · καλέω + προςmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectκαλέω + προς: 'summon forward'; parse VCI API3S · καλέω + προς. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: 'by'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V GSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὑπέδειξενshow plainlyVAI AAI3S · δεικνύω + ὑποmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeδεικνύω + ὑπο: 'show plainly'; parse VAI AAI3S · δεικνύω + ὑπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
γὰρforX · γάρpostpositive particle shaping clause relationγάρ: 'for'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ΕσθηρEstherN NSF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὅτι: 'that'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἐνοικείωταιbe connected withV4 PMS3S · οἰκειόομαι + ἐνmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validοἰκειόομαι + ἐν: 'be connected with'; parse V4 PMS3S · οἰκειόομαι + ἐν. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
αὐτῇsame / her / himRD DSF · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DSF · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
2
ἔλαβεν δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς τὸν δακτύλιον ὃν ἀφείλατο Αμαν καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν Μαρδοχαίῳ καὶ κατέστησεν Εσθηρ Μαρδοχαῖον ἐπὶ πάντων τῶν Αμαν
And the king took the signet ring that he had removed from Haman and gave it to Mordecai, and Esther appointed Mordecai over all that had been Haman's.
The removal and reassignment of the signet ring signal that royal agency has shifted from the enemy of the Jews to their advocate.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ἔλαβενtakeVBI AAI3S · λαμβάνωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeλαμβάνω: 'take'; parse VBI AAI3S · λαμβάνω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V NSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
δακτύλιονringN2 ASM · δακτύλιοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseδακτύλιος: 'ring'; parse N2 ASM · δακτύλιος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὃνwho / whichRR ASM · ὅςaccusative object / complement within the clauseὅς: 'who / which'; parse RR ASM · ὅς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἀφείλατοtook awayVBI AMI3S · αἱρέω + ἀποmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextαἱρέω + ἀπο: 'took away'; parse VBI AMI3S · αἱρέω + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ΑμανHamanN GSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeδίδωμι: 'give'; parse VAI AAI3S · δίδωμι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
αὐτὸνsame / her / himRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative object / complement within the clauseαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD ASM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΜαρδοχαίῳMordecaiN2 DSM · Μαρδοχαῖοςdative complement / reference or instrumentΜαρδοχαῖος: 'Mordecai'; parse N2 DSM · Μαρδοχαῖος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
κατέστησενappointVAI AAI3S · ἵστημι + καταmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeἵστημι + κατα: 'appoint'; parse VAI AAI3S · ἵστημι + κατα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
ΕσθηρEstherN NSF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ΜαρδοχαῖονMordecaiN2 ASM · Μαρδοχαῖοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseΜαρδοχαῖος: 'Mordecai'; parse N2 ASM · Μαρδοχαῖος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: 'upon / on'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πάντωνallA3 GPN · πᾶςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 GPN · πᾶς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPN · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ΑμανHamanN GSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
3
καὶ προσθεῖσα ἐλάλησεν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα καὶ προσέπεσεν πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ καὶ ἠξίου ἀφελεῖν τὴν Αμαν κακίαν καὶ ὅσα ἐποίησεν τοῖς Ιουδαίοις
And Esther again spoke to the king, and she fell before his feet and kept entreating him to remove Haman's wickedness and all that he had done against the Jews.
Esther must petition again because execution of the villain has not neutralized the already circulating decree; the issue now becomes documentary and legal.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
προσθεῖσαadding furtherVE · ααπνσφ τίθημι + προςmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτίθημι + προς: 'adding further'; parse VE · ααπνσφ τίθημι + προς. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἐλάλησενspeakVAI AAI3S · λαλέωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeλαλέω: 'speak'; parse VAI AAI3S · λαλέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: 'toward'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
βασιλέαkingN3V ASM · βασιλεύςaccusative object / complement within the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V ASM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
προσέπεσενcame uponVAI AAI3S · πίπτω + προςmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeπίπτω + προς: 'came upon'; parse VAI AAI3S · πίπτω + προς. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: 'toward'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πόδαςpoysN3D APM · πούςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπούς: 'poys'; parse N3D APM · πούς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
αὐτοῦsame / her / himRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD GSM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἠξίουentreatV4 IAI3S · ἀξιόωmain finite verb of the clause→ imperfective backgrounding / ongoing portrayalἀξιόω: 'entreat'; parse V4 IAI3S · ἀξιόω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with imperfective backgrounding / ongoing portrayal.
ἀφελεῖνremoveVB AAN · αἱρέω + ἀποinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionαἱρέω + ἀπο: 'remove'; parse VB AAN · αἱρέω + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΑμανHamanN GSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
κακίανwickednessN1A ASF · κακίαaccusative object / complement within the clauseκακία: 'wickedness'; parse N1A ASF · κακία. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ὅσαhosaA1 APN · ὅσοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseὅσος: 'hosa'; parse A1 APN · ὅσος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐποίησενdoVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeποιέω: 'do'; parse VAI AAI3S · ποιέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ΙουδαίοιςJewN2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
4
ἐξέτεινεν δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς Εσθηρ τὴν ῥάβδον τὴν χρυσῆν ἐξηγέρθη δὲ Εσθηρ παρεστηκέναι τῷ βασιλεῖ
And the king stretched out to Esther the golden scepter, and Esther rose to stand before the king.
The extended golden scepter repeats the court protocol scene and marks the king's willingness to hear the second-stage petition.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐξέτεινενstretched outVAI AAI3S · τείνω + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeτείνω + ἐκ: 'stretched out'; parse VAI AAI3S · τείνω + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V NSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ΕσθηρEstherN DSF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ῥάβδονscepterN2 ASF · ῥάβδοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseῥάβδος: 'scepter'; parse N2 ASF · ῥάβδος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
χρυσῆνgoldenA1C ASF · χρυσοῦςaccusative object / complement within the clauseχρυσοῦς: 'golden'; parse A1C ASF · χρυσοῦς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐξηγέρθηrose upVCI API3S · ἐγείρω + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectἐγείρω + ἐκ: 'rose up'; parse VCI API3S · ἐγείρω + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ΕσθηρEstherN NSF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
παρεστηκέναιstand beforeVXI XAN · ἵστημι + παραinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionἵστημι + παρα: 'stand before'; parse VXI XAN · ἵστημι + παρα. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
βασιλεῖkingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative complement / reference or instrumentβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V DSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
5
καὶ εἶπεν Εσθηρ εἰ δοκεῖ σοι καὶ εὗρον χάριν πεμφθήτω ἀποστραφῆναι τὰ γράμματα τὰ ἀπεσταλμένα ὑπὸ Αμαν τὰ γραφέντα ἀπολέσθαι τοὺς Ιουδαίους οἵ εἰσιν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ σου
And Esther said, “If it seems good to you, and if I have found favor, let letters be sent out to turn back the letters sent by Haman, the ones written to destroy the Jews who are in your kingdom.”
Esther asks not merely for sympathy but for a written countermeasure to Haman's letters. The focus shifts from persons to documents.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeεἶπον: 'said'; parse VBI AAI3S · εἶπον. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
ΕσθηρEstherN NSF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
εἰifC · εἰcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseεἰ: 'if'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
δοκεῖseem goodV2 PAI3S · δοκέωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validδοκέω: 'seem good'; parse V2 PAI3S · δοκέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
σοιyouRP DS · σύdative complement / reference or instrumentσύ: 'you'; parse RP DS · σύ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
εὗρονI have foundVB AAI1S · εὑρίσκωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeεὑρίσκω: 'I have found'; parse VB AAI1S · εὑρίσκω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
χάρινfavorN3 ASF · χάριςaccusative object / complement within the clauseχάρις: 'favor'; parse N3 ASF · χάρις. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πεμφθήτωsendVV APD3S · πέμπωjussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech→ directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wishπέμπω: 'send'; parse VV APD3S · πέμπω. In this verse the form serves as jussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech, with directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wish.
ἀποστραφῆναιturn backVD APN · στρέφω + ἀποinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionστρέφω + ἀπο: 'turn back'; parse VD APN · στρέφω + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
γράμματαletterN3M APN · γράμμαaccusative object / complement within the clauseγράμμα: 'letter'; parse N3M APN · γράμμα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἀπεσταλμέναhaving been sent outVM · χμπαπν στέλλω + ἀποmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextστέλλω + ἀπο: 'having been sent out'; parse VM · χμπαπν στέλλω + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: 'by'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ΑμανHamanN GSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
γραφένταwriteVD · αππαπν γράφωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextγράφω: 'write'; parse VD · αππαπν γράφω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἀπολέσθαιto destroyVA AMN · ὀλλύω + ἀποinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionὀλλύω + ἀπο: 'to destroy'; parse VA AMN · ὀλλύω + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 APM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
οἵwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὅς: 'who / which'; parse RR NPM · ὅς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
εἰσινareV9 PAI3P · εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεἰμί: 'are'; parse V9 PAI3P · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
βασιλείᾳkingdomN1A DSF · βασιλείαdative complement / reference or instrumentβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; parse N1A DSF · βασιλεία. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
σουyouRP GS · σύgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationσύ: 'you'; parse RP GS · σύ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
6
πῶς γὰρ δυνήσομαι ἰδεῖν τὴν κάκωσιν τοῦ λαοῦ μου καὶ πῶς δυνήσομαι σωθῆναι ἐν τῇ ἀπωλείᾳ τῆς πατρίδος μου
“For how shall I be able to look upon the affliction of my people? And how shall I be able to be saved while my fatherland is being destroyed?”
The appeal grounds the policy request in Esther's inability to watch her people's humiliation and her homeland's destruction.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
πῶςhowD · πῶςadverbial particle qualifying the assertionπῶς: 'how'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
γὰρforX · γάρpostpositive particle shaping clause relationγάρ: 'for'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
δυνήσομαιbe ableVF FMI1S · δύναμαιmain finite verb of the clause→ future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech momentδύναμαι: 'be able'; parse VF FMI1S · δύναμαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech moment.
ἰδεῖνseeVB AAN · ὁράωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionὁράω: 'see'; parse VB AAN · ὁράω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
κάκωσινafflictionN3I ASF · κάκωσιςaccusative object / complement within the clauseκάκωσις: 'affliction'; parse N3I ASF · κάκωσις. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationλαός: 'people'; parse N2 GSM · λαός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
μουI / weRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP GS · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
πῶςhowD · πῶςadverbial particle qualifying the assertionπῶς: 'how'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
δυνήσομαιbe ableVF FMI1S · δύναμαιmain finite verb of the clause→ future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech momentδύναμαι: 'be able'; parse VF FMI1S · δύναμαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech moment.
σωθῆναιsaveVC APN · σώζωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionσώζω: 'save'; parse VC APN · σώζω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀπωλείᾳdestructionN1A DSF · ἀπώλειαdative complement / reference or instrumentἀπώλεια: 'destruction'; parse N1A DSF · ἀπώλεια. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
πατρίδοςfatherlandN3D GSF · πατρίςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπατρίς: 'fatherland'; parse N3D GSF · πατρίς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
μουI / weRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP GS · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
7
καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς πρὸς Εσθηρ εἰ πάντα τὰ ὑπάρχοντα Αμαν ἔδωκα καὶ ἐχαρισάμην σοι καὶ αὐτὸν ἐκρέμασα ἐπὶ ξύλου ὅτι τὰς χεῖρας ἐπήνεγκε τοῖς Ιουδαίοις τί ἔτι ἐπιζητεῖς
And the king said to Esther, “If I have given you all that belonged to Haman and granted it to you, and have hanged him on a timber because he laid hands upon the Jews, what more do you seek?”
The king lists what has already been done to Haman and presses Esther toward the remaining practical solution: a new written order.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
εἶπενsaidVBI AAI3S · εἶπονmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeεἶπον: 'said'; parse VBI AAI3S · εἶπον. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V NSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: 'toward'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ΕσθηρEstherN ASF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
εἰifC · εἰcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseεἰ: 'if'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 APN · πᾶς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑπάρχονταbelong to / be at one's disposalV1 · παπαπν ἄρχω + ὑποmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextἄρχω + ὑπο: 'belong to / be at one's disposal'; parse V1 · παπαπν ἄρχω + ὑπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ΑμανHamanN GSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ἔδωκαgiveVAI AAI1S · δίδωμιmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeδίδωμι: 'give'; parse VAI AAI1S · δίδωμι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἐχαρισάμηνgrant as a favorVAI AMI1S · χαρίζομαιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextχαρίζομαι: 'grant as a favor'; parse VAI AMI1S · χαρίζομαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
σοιyouRP DS · σύdative complement / reference or instrumentσύ: 'you'; parse RP DS · σύ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
αὐτὸνsame / her / himRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative object / complement within the clauseαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD ASM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐκρέμασαhangVAI AAI1S · κρεμάζωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeκρεμάζω: 'hang'; parse VAI AAI1S · κρεμάζω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: 'upon / on'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ξύλουtimber / gallowsN2N GSN · ξύλονgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationξύλον: 'timber / gallows'; parse N2N GSN · ξύλον. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὅτι: 'that'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρaccusative object / complement within the clauseχείρ: 'hands'; parse N3 APF · χείρ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐπήνεγκεbring againstVAI AAI3S · φέρω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeφέρω + ἐπι: 'bring against'; parse VAI AAI3S · φέρω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ΙουδαίοιςJewN2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τίwhat?RI ASN · τίςaccusative object / complement within the clauseτίς: 'what?'; parse RI ASN · τίς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἔτιetiD · ἔτιadverbial particle qualifying the assertionἔτι: 'eti'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἐπιζητεῖςseek furtherV2 PAI2S · ζητέω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validζητέω + ἐπι: 'seek further'; parse V2 PAI2S · ζητέω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
8
γράψατε καὶ ὑμεῖς ἐκ τοῦ ὀνόματός μου ὡς δοκεῖ ὑμῖν καὶ σφραγίσατε τῷ δακτυλίῳ μου ὅσα γὰρ γράφεται τοῦ βασιλέως ἐπιτάξαντος καὶ σφραγισθῇ τῷ δακτυλίῳ μου οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῖς ἀντειπεῖν
“Write, then, you yourselves in my name whatever seems good to you, and seal it with my signet ring; for whatever is written at the king's command and sealed with my ring cannot be contradicted.”
The king delegates writing and sealing power while stating the Persian legal premise that a sealed royal document stands and must be answered by another sealed text.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
γράψατεwriteVA AAD2P · γράφωjussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech→ directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wishγράφω: 'write'; parse VA AAD2P · γράφω. In this verse the form serves as jussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech, with directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wish.
καὶandD · καίadverbial particle qualifying the assertionκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseσύ: 'you'; parse RP NP · σύ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complementἐκ: 'from'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὀνόματόςnameN3M GSN · ὄνομαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὄνομα: 'name'; parse N3M GSN · ὄνομα. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
μουI / weRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP GS · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὡςasC · ὡςcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὡς: 'as'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
δοκεῖseem goodV2 PAI3S · δοκέωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validδοκέω: 'seem good'; parse V2 PAI3S · δοκέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
ὑμῖνyouRP DP · σύdative complement / reference or instrumentσύ: 'you'; parse RP DP · σύ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
σφραγίσατεsealVA AAD2P · σφραγίζωjussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech→ directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wishσφραγίζω: 'seal'; parse VA AAD2P · σφραγίζω. In this verse the form serves as jussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech, with directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wish.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
δακτυλίῳsignet ringN2 DSM · δακτύλιοςdative complement / reference or instrumentδακτύλιος: 'signet ring'; parse N2 DSM · δακτύλιος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μουI / weRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP GS · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὅσαhosaA1 APN · ὅσοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseὅσος: 'hosa'; parse A1 APN · ὅσος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρpostpositive particle shaping clause relationγάρ: 'for'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
γράφεταιwriteV1 PPI3S · γράφωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validγράφω: 'write'; parse V1 PPI3S · γράφω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V GSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπιτάξαντοςhaving commandedVA · ααπγσμ τάσσω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτάσσω + ἐπι: 'having commanded'; parse VA · ααπγσμ τάσσω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
σφραγισθῇsealVC APS3S · σφραγίζωjussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech→ directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wishσφραγίζω: 'seal'; parse VC APS3S · σφραγίζω. In this verse the form serves as jussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech, with directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wish.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
δακτυλίῳsignet ringN2 DSM · δακτύλιοςdative complement / reference or instrumentδακτύλιος: 'signet ring'; parse N2 DSM · δακτύλιος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μουI / weRP GS · ἐγώgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP GS · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἔστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 PAI3S · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
αὐτοῖςsame / her / himRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀντειπεῖνanswer backVB AAN · εἶπον + ἀντιinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionεἶπον + ἀντι: 'answer back'; parse VB AAN · εἶπον + ἀντι. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
9
ἐκλήθησαν δὲ οἱ γραμματεῖς ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ μηνί ὅς ἐστι Νισα τρίτῃ καὶ εἰκάδι τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἔτους καὶ ἐγράφη τοῖς Ιουδαίοις ὅσα ἐνετείλατο τοῖς οἰκονόμοις καὶ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν τῶν σατραπῶν ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰνδικῆς ἕως τῆς Αἰθιοπίας ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι ἑπτὰ σατραπείαις κατὰ χώραν καὶ χώραν κατὰ τὴν ἑαυτῶν λέξιν
And the scribes were summoned in the first month, which is Nisa, on the twenty-third day of that same year, and there was written for the Jews all that he had commanded to the stewards and the rulers of the satraps from India to Ethiopia, to one hundred twenty-seven satrapies, province by province, each according to its own language.
Dates, officials, provinces, and languages crowd the sentence to show that deliverance must be enacted across the full machinery of empire.
Word-by-word analysis· 48 words
ἐκλήθησανsummonVCI API3P · καλέωmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectκαλέω: 'summon'; parse VCI API3P · καλέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
γραμματεῖςscribesN3V NPM · γραμματεύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseγραμματεύς: 'scribes'; parse N3V NPM · γραμματεύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
πρώτῳfirstA1 DSMS · πρῶτοςdative complement / reference or instrumentπρῶτος: 'first'; parse A1 DSMS · πρῶτος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μηνίmonthN3 DSM · μήνdative complement / reference or instrumentμήν: 'month'; parse N3 DSM · μήν. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ὅςwho / whichRR NSM · ὅςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὅς: 'who / which'; parse RR NSM · ὅς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐστιbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 PAI3S · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
ΝισαNisaN NSF · Νισαproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΝισα: 'Nisa'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
τρίτῃthirdA1 DSF · τρίτοςdative complement / reference or instrumentτρίτος: 'third'; parse A1 DSF · τρίτος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
εἰκάδιtwentiethN3D DSF · εἰκάςdative complement / reference or instrumentεἰκάς: 'twentieth'; parse N3D DSF · εἰκάς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
αὐτοῦsame / her / himRD GSN · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD GSN · αὐτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἔτουςyearN3E GSN · ἔτοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἔτος: 'year'; parse N3E GSN · ἔτος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἐγράφηwriteVDI API3S · γράφωmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectγράφω: 'write'; parse VDI API3S · γράφω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ΙουδαίοιςJewN2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ὅσαas many asA1 NPN · ὅσοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὅσος: 'as many as'; parse A1 NPN · ὅσος. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐνετείλατοhad commandedVAI AMI3S · τέλλω + ἐνmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτέλλω + ἐν: 'had commanded'; parse VAI AMI3S · τέλλω + ἐν. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
οἰκονόμοιςstewardN2 DPM · οἰκονόμοςdative complement / reference or instrumentοἰκονόμος: 'steward'; parse N2 DPM · οἰκονόμος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἄρχουσινrulerN3 DPM · ἄρχωνdative complement / reference or instrumentἄρχων: 'ruler'; parse N3 DPM · ἄρχων. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
σατραπῶνsatrapN2 GPM · σατράπηςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationσατράπης: 'satrap'; parse N2 GPM · σατράπης. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complementἀπό: 'from'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἸνδικῆςIndiaN1 GSF · Ἰνδικήgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἸνδική: 'India'; parse N1 GSF · Ἰνδική. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἕωςheosP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complementἕως: 'heos'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ΑἰθιοπίαςEthiopiaN1A GSF · Αἰθιοπίαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationΑἰθιοπία: 'Ethiopia'; parse N1A GSF · Αἰθιοπία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἑκατὸνa hundredM · ἑκατόνproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseἑκατόν: 'a hundred'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
εἴκοσιtwentyM · εἴκοσιproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ἑπτὰheptaM · ἑπτάproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseἑπτά: 'hepta'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
σατραπείαιςsatrapyN1A DPF · σατραπείαdative complement / reference or instrumentσατραπεία: 'satrapy'; parse N1A DPF · σατραπεία. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: 'according to'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
χώρανdistrictN1A ASF · χώραaccusative object / complement within the clauseχώρα: 'district'; parse N1A ASF · χώρα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
χώρανdistrictN1A ASF · χώραaccusative object / complement within the clauseχώρα: 'district'; parse N1A ASF · χώρα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: 'according to'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἑαυτῶνthemselvesRD GPM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἑαυτοῦ: 'themselves'; parse RD GPM · ἑαυτοῦ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
λέξινlanguageN3I ASF · λέξιςaccusative object / complement within the clauseλέξις: 'language'; parse N3I ASF · λέξις. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
10
ἐγράφη δὲ διὰ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἐσφραγίσθη τῷ δακτυλίῳ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐξαπέστειλαν τὰ γράμματα διὰ βιβλιαφόρων
And it was written in the king's name and sealed with his signet ring, and they sent the letters by letter-carriers.
The verse narrates the formal completion of the administrative act: named authorship, sealing, and courier-dispatch.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐγράφηwriteVDI API3S · γράφωmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectγράφω: 'write'; parse VDI API3S · γράφω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: 'through'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V GSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἐσφραγίσθηsealVCI API3S · σφραγίζωmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectσφραγίζω: 'seal'; parse VCI API3S · σφραγίζω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
δακτυλίῳsignet ringN2 DSM · δακτύλιοςdative complement / reference or instrumentδακτύλιος: 'signet ring'; parse N2 DSM · δακτύλιος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
αὐτοῦsame / her / himRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD GSM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἐξαπέστειλανdispatchVAI AAI3P · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: 'dispatch'; parse VAI AAI3P · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
γράμματαletterN3M APN · γράμμαaccusative object / complement within the clauseγράμμα: 'letter'; parse N3M APN · γράμμα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: 'through'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
βιβλιαφόρωνletter-carrierN2 GPM · βιβλιαφόροςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationβιβλιαφόρος: 'letter-carrier'; parse N2 GPM · βιβλιαφόρος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
11
ὡς ἐπέταξεν αὐτοῖς χρῆσθαι τοῖς νόμοις αὐτῶν ἐν πάσῃ πόλει βοηθῆσαί τε αὑτοῖς καὶ χρῆσθαι τοῖς ἀντιδίκοις αὐτῶν καὶ τοῖς ἀντικειμένοις αὐτῶν ὡς βούλονται
He ordered them to make use of their own laws in every city, to help themselves, and to deal with their adversaries and opponents as they wished.
The counter-edict grants the Jews lawful self-organization and defensive capacity within the cities of the empire.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ὡςasC · ὡςcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὡς: 'as'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἐπέταξενorderedVAI AAI3S · τάσσω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeτάσσω + ἐπι: 'ordered'; parse VAI AAI3S · τάσσω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
αὐτοῖςsame / her / himRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
χρῆσθαιactV3 PMN · χράομαιinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionχράομαι: 'act'; parse V3 PMN · χράομαι. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
νόμοιςlawN2 DPM · νόμοςdative complement / reference or instrumentνόμος: 'law'; parse N2 DPM · νόμος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
αὐτῶνsame / her / himRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD GPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πάσῃallA1S DSF · πᾶςdative complement / reference or instrumentπᾶς: 'all'; parse A1S DSF · πᾶς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
πόλειcityN3I DSF · πόλιςdative complement / reference or instrumentπόλις: 'city'; parse N3I DSF · πόλις. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
βοηθῆσαίhelpVA AAN · βοηθέωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionβοηθέω: 'help'; parse VA AAN · βοηθέω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τεandX TEproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseτε: 'and'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
αὑτοῖςfor ourselvesRD DPM · ἑαυτοῦdative complement / reference or instrumentἑαυτοῦ: 'for ourselves'; parse RD DPM · ἑαυτοῦ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
χρῆσθαιactV3 PMN · χράομαιinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionχράομαι: 'act'; parse V3 PMN · χράομαι. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀντιδίκοιςadversaryN2 DPM · ἀντίδικοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἀντίδικος: 'adversary'; parse N2 DPM · ἀντίδικος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
αὐτῶνsame / her / himRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD GPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀντικειμένοιςthose set against themV5 · πμπδπμ κεῖμαι + ἀντιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextκεῖμαι + ἀντι: 'those set against them'; parse V5 · πμπδπμ κεῖμαι + ἀντι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
αὐτῶνsame / her / himRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD GPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὡςasC · ὡςcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὡς: 'as'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
βούλονταιwishV1 PMI3P · βούλομαιmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validβούλομαι: 'wish'; parse V1 PMI3P · βούλομαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
12
ἐν ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ βασιλείᾳ Ἀρταξέρξου τῇ τρισκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ δωδεκάτου μηνός ὅς ἐστιν Αδαρ ὧν ἐστιν ἀντίγραφον τῆς ἐπιστολῆς τὰ ὑπογεγραμμένα βασιλεὺς μέγας Ἀρταξέρξης τοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰνδικῆς ἕως τῆς Αἰθιοπίας ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι ἑπτὰ σατραπείαις χωρῶν ἄρχουσι καὶ τοῖς τὰ ἡμέτερα φρονοῦσι χαίρειν πολλοὶ τῇ πλείστῃ τῶν εὐεργετούντων χρηστότητι πυκνότερον τιμώμενοι μεῖζον ἐφρόνησαν καὶ οὐ μόνον τοὺς ὑποτεταγμένους ἡμῖν ζητοῦσι κακοποιεῖν τόν τε κόρον οὐ δυνάμενοι φέρειν καὶ τοῖς ἑαυτῶν εὐεργέταις ἐπιχειροῦσι μηχανᾶσθαι καὶ τὴν εὐχαριστίαν οὐ μόνον ἐκ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀνταναιροῦντες ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς τῶν ἀπειραγάθων κόμποις ἐπαρθέντες τοῦ τὰ πάντα κατοπτεύοντος ἀεὶ θεοῦ μισοπόνηρον ὑπολαμβάνουσιν ἐκφεύξεσθαι δίκην πολλάκις δὲ καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν ἐπ' ἐξουσίαις τεταγμένων τῶν πιστευθέντων χειρίζειν φίλων τὰ πράγματα παραμυθία μεταιτίους αἱμάτων ἀθῴων καταστήσασα περιέβαλε συμφοραῖς ἀνηκέστοις τῷ τῆς κακοηθείας ψευδεῖ παραλογισμῷ παραλογισαμένων τὴν τῶν ἐπικρατούντων ἀκέραιον εὐγνωμοσύνην σκοπεῖν δὲ ἔξεστιν οὐ τοσοῦτον ἐκ τῶν παλαιοτέρων ὧν παρεδώκαμεν ἱστοριῶν ὅσα ἐστὶν παρὰ πόδας ὑμᾶς ἐκζητοῦντας ἀνοσίως συντετελεσμένα τῇ τῶν ἀνάξια δυναστευόντων λοιμότητι καὶ προσέχειν εἰς τὰ μετὰ ταῦτα εἰς τὸ τὴν βασιλείαν ἀτάραχον τοῖς πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις μετ' εἰρήνης παρεξόμεθα χρώμενοι ταῖς μεταβολαῖς τὰ δὲ ὑπὸ τὴν ὄψιν ἐρχόμενα διακρίνοντες ἀεὶ μετ' ἐπιεικεστέρας ἀπαντήσεως ὡς γὰρ Αμαν Αμαδαθου Μακεδών ταῖς ἀληθείαις ἀλλότριος τοῦ τῶν Περσῶν αἵματος καὶ πολὺ διεστηκὼς τῆς ἡμετέρας χρηστότητος ἐπιξενωθεὶς ἡμῖν ἔτυχεν ἧς ἔχομεν πρὸς πᾶν ἔθνος φιλανθρωπίας ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον ὥστε ἀναγορεύεσθαι ἡμῶν πατέρα καὶ προσκυνούμενον ὑπὸ πάντων τὸ δεύτερον τοῦ βασιλικοῦ θρόνου πρόσωπον διατελεῖν οὐκ ἐνέγκας δὲ τὴν ὑπερηφανίαν ἐπετήδευσεν τῆς ἀρχῆς στερῆσαι ἡμᾶς καὶ τοῦ πνεύματος τόν τε ἡμέτερον σωτῆρα καὶ διὰ παντὸς εὐεργέτην Μαρδοχαῖον καὶ τὴν ἄμεμπτον τῆς βασιλείας κοινωνὸν Εσθηρ σὺν παντὶ τῷ τούτων ἔθνει πολυπλόκοις μεθόδων παραλογισμοῖς αἰτησάμενος εἰς ἀπώλειαν διὰ γὰρ τῶν τρόπων τούτων ᾠήθη λαβὼν ἡμᾶς ἐρήμους τὴν τῶν Περσῶν ἐπικράτησιν εἰς τοὺς Μακεδόνας μετάξαι ἡμεῖς δὲ τοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ τρισαλιτηρίου παραδεδομένους εἰς ἀφανισμὸν Ιουδαίους εὑρίσκομεν οὐ κακούργους ὄντας δικαιοτάτοις δὲ πολιτευομένους νόμοις ὄντας δὲ υἱοὺς τοῦ ὑψίστου μεγίστου ζῶντος θεοῦ τοῦ κατευθύνοντος ἡμῖν τε καὶ τοῖς προγόνοις ἡμῶν τὴν βασιλείαν ἐν τῇ καλλίστῃ διαθέσει καλῶς οὖν ποιήσετε μὴ προσχρησάμενοι τοῖς ὑπὸ Αμαν Αμαδαθου ἀποσταλεῖσι γράμμασιν διὰ τὸ αὐτὸν τὸν ταῦτα ἐξεργασάμενον πρὸς ταῖς Σούσων πύλαις ἐσταυρῶσθαι σὺν τῇ πανοικίᾳ τὴν καταξίαν τοῦ τὰ πάντα ἐπικρατοῦντος θεοῦ διὰ τάχους ἀποδόντος αὐτῷ κρίσιν τὸ δὲ ἀντίγραφον τῆς ἐπιστολῆς ταύτης ἐκθέντες ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ μετὰ παρρησίας ἐᾶν τοὺς Ιουδαίους χρῆσθαι τοῖς ἑαυτῶν νομίμοις καὶ συνεπισχύειν αὐτοῖς ὅπως τοὺς ἐν καιρῷ θλίψεως ἐπιθεμένους αὐτοῖς ἀμύνωνται τῇ τρισκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ δωδεκάτου μηνὸς Αδαρ τῇ αὐτῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτην γὰρ ὁ πάντα δυναστεύων θεὸς ἀντ' ὀλεθρίας τοῦ ἐκλεκτοῦ γένους ἐποίησεν αὐτοῖς εὐφροσύνην καὶ ὑμεῖς οὖν ἐν ταῖς ἐπωνύμοις ὑμῶν ἑορταῖς ἐπίσημον ἡμέραν μετὰ πάσης εὐωχίας ἄγετε ὅπως καὶ νῦν καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα σωτηρία ᾖ ἡμῖν καὶ τοῖς εὐνοοῦσιν Πέρσαις τοῖς δὲ ἡμῖν ἐπιβουλεύουσιν μνημόσυνον τῆς ἀπωλείας πᾶσα δὲ πόλις ἢ χώρα τὸ σύνολον ἥτις κατὰ ταῦτα μὴ ποιήσῃ δόρατι καὶ πυρὶ καταναλωθήσεται μετ' ὀργῆς οὐ μόνον ἀνθρώποις ἄβατος ἀλλὰ καὶ θηρίοις καὶ πετεινοῖς εἰς τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον ἔχθιστος κατασταθήσεται
On one day throughout the whole kingdom of Artaxerxes, on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is Adar. What follows is the copy of the letter: “The great king Artaxerxes to the rulers of the one hundred twenty-seven satrapies from India to Ethiopia, and to those who are minded toward our interests, greetings. Many who have been honored more frequently by the abundant kindness of their benefactors have become more arrogant, and not only seek to injure those subject to us, but, unable to bear prosperity, they also attempt to plot against their own benefactors. They remove gratitude from among men, and, puffed up by the boastfulness of the thoughtless, they suppose they will escape the justice of God, the ever-seeing hater of evil. Often the persuasive speech of those entrusted to manage the affairs of rulers has made many who were set in authority become jointly guilty of innocent blood and has entangled them in incurable disasters by the false reasoning of men who distort the guileless loyalty of those who rule. You are able to observe this not only from older records that we have handed down, but from the matters lying at your feet, if you examine what has been wickedly accomplished by the pestilentness of men who exercise unworthy dominion. We therefore intend, looking to what follows, to furnish the kingdom in peace for all people, making policy-changes and judging the matters that come before us with a more gentle response. For Haman son of Hammedatha, a Macedonian and really alien to Persian blood, though he had been welcomed by us and had obtained the humanity that we show toward every nation, was so advanced as to be proclaimed our father and to continue as the person second to the royal throne, receiving obeisance from all. But because he could not bear his arrogance, he schemed to deprive us of our rule and of our life, and, by many tangled devices, he sought the destruction of our savior and perpetual benefactor Mordecai, of Esther the blameless partner of our kingdom, and of their whole people. By these methods he supposed that, once we had been left isolated, he could transfer the Persian dominion to the Macedonians. But we find the Jews, handed over to destruction by this thrice-accursed man, not to be criminals, but to be governed by the most just laws, and to be sons of the living Most High and greatest God, who directs the kingdom for us and for our forefathers in the best possible order. Therefore you will do well not to make use of the letters sent by Haman son of Hammedatha, since the very one who brought these things about has been impaled with his whole household at the gates of Susa, the God who rules all things having swiftly given him the judgment he deserved. And, after posting the copy of this letter publicly in every place, permit the Jews to make use of their own customs and support them, so that they may defend themselves against those who attack them in the time of distress, on that same thirteenth day of the twelfth month, Adar. For the all-ruling God has made that day a joy for them instead of a ruin for the chosen race. Therefore do you also keep the notable day among your named festivals with every kind of feasting, so that both now and afterward there may be deliverance for us and for the Persians who are well-disposed, but for those who plot against us a memorial of destruction. And every city or province as a whole that does not act in accordance with these commands shall be utterly consumed with spear and fire in wrath, becoming impassable not only to men but hateful also to beasts and birds for all time.”
The long letter supplies the ideological justification for the counter-edict. It denounces Haman's ingratitude, vindicates the Jews, and explicitly attributes the reversal to the providence of the Most High God.
Word-by-word analysis· 487 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement / reference or instrumentἡμέρα: 'day'; parse N1A DSF · ἡμέρα. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μιᾷoneA1A DSF · εἷςdative complement / reference or instrumentεἷς: 'one'; parse A1A DSF · εἷς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πάσῃallA1S DSF · πᾶςdative complement / reference or instrumentπᾶς: 'all'; parse A1S DSF · πᾶς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
βασιλείᾳkingdomN1A DSF · βασιλείαdative complement / reference or instrumentβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; parse N1A DSF · βασιλεία. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἈρταξέρξουArtaxerxesN1M GSM · Ἀρταξέρξηςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἈρταξέρξης: 'Artaxerxes'; parse N1M GSM · Ἀρταξέρξης. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τρισκαιδεκάτῃthirteenthA1 DSF · τρισκαιδέκατοςdative complement / reference or instrumentτρισκαιδέκατος: 'thirteenth'; parse A1 DSF · τρισκαιδέκατος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
δωδεκάτουtwelfthA1 GSM · δωδέκατοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationδωδέκατος: 'twelfth'; parse A1 GSM · δωδέκατος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
μηνόςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationμήν: 'month'; parse N3 GSM · μήν. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὅςwho / whichRR NSM · ὅςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὅς: 'who / which'; parse RR NSM · ὅς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 PAI3S · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
ΑδαρAdarN NSM · Αδαρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑδαρ: 'Adar'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ὧνwho / whichRR GPM · ὅςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὅς: 'who / which'; parse RR GPM · ὅς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 PAI3S · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
ἀντίγραφονcopyN2N NSN · ἀντίγραφονnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἀντίγραφον: 'copy'; parse N2N NSN · ἀντίγραφον. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπιστολῆςletterN1 GSF · ἐπιστολήgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐπιστολή: 'letter'; parse N1 GSF · ἐπιστολή. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NPN · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ὑπογεγραμμέναwritten belowVP · χμπνπν γράφω + ὑποmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextγράφω + ὑπο: 'written below'; parse VP · χμπνπν γράφω + ὑπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
βασιλεὺςkingN3U NSM · βασιλεύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3U NSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
μέγαςgreatA1P NSM · μέγαςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseμέγας: 'great'; parse A1P NSM · μέγας. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἈρταξέρξηςArtaxerxesN1M NSM · Ἀρταξέρξηςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἈρταξέρξης: 'Artaxerxes'; parse N1M NSM · Ἀρταξέρξης. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complementἀπό: 'from'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἸνδικῆςIndiaN1 GSF · Ἰνδικήgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἸνδική: 'India'; parse N1 GSF · Ἰνδική. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἕωςheosP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complementἕως: 'heos'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ΑἰθιοπίαςEthiopiaN1A GSF · Αἰθιοπίαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationΑἰθιοπία: 'Ethiopia'; parse N1A GSF · Αἰθιοπία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἑκατὸνa hundredM · ἑκατόνproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseἑκατόν: 'a hundred'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
εἴκοσιtwentyM · εἴκοσιproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseεἴκοσι: 'twenty'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ἑπτὰheptaM · ἑπτάproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseἑπτά: 'hepta'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
σατραπείαιςsatrapyN1A DPF · σατραπείαdative complement / reference or instrumentσατραπεία: 'satrapy'; parse N1A DPF · σατραπεία. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
χωρῶνprovinceN1A GPF · χώραgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationχώρα: 'province'; parse N1A GPF · χώρα. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἄρχουσιrulerN3 DPM · ἄρχωνdative complement / reference or instrumentἄρχων: 'ruler'; parse N3 DPM · ἄρχων. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἡμέτεραourA1A APN · ἡμέτεροςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἡμέτερος: 'our'; parse A1A APN · ἡμέτερος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
φρονοῦσιthinkV2 · παπδπμ φρονέωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextφρονέω: 'think'; parse V2 · παπδπμ φρονέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
χαίρεινgreetingsV1 PAN · χαίρωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionχαίρω: 'greetings'; parse V1 PAN · χαίρω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
πολλοὶmany / muchA1 NPM · πολύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseπολύς: 'many / much'; parse A1 NPM · πολύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
πλείστῃmany / muchA1 DSFS · πολύςdative complement / reference or instrumentπολύς: 'many / much'; parse A1 DSFS · πολύς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
εὐεργετούντωνbenefactorsV2 · παπγπμ εὐεργετέωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextεὐεργετέω: 'benefactors'; parse V2 · παπγπμ εὐεργετέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
χρηστότητιkindnessN3H DSF · χρηστότηςdative complement / reference or instrumentχρηστότης: 'kindness'; parse N3H DSF · χρηστότης. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
πυκνότερονmore frequentlyD · πυκνότερονadverbial particle qualifying the assertionπυκνότερον: 'more frequently'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
τιμώμενοιbeing honoredV3 · πμπνπμ τιμάωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτιμάω: 'being honored'; parse V3 · πμπνπμ τιμάω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
μεῖζονgreatA3C ASN · μέγαςaccusative object / complement within the clauseμέγας: 'great'; parse A3C ASN · μέγας. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐφρόνησανthinkVAI AAI3P · φρονέωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeφρονέω: 'think'; parse VAI AAI3P · φρονέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
μόνονonlyD · μόνονadverbial particle qualifying the assertionμόνον: 'only'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑποτεταγμένουςthose subjectVK · χμπαπμ τάσσω + ὑποmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτάσσω + ὑπο: 'those subject'; parse VK · χμπαπμ τάσσω + ὑπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἡμῖνI / weRP DP · ἐγώdative complement / reference or instrumentἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP DP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ζητοῦσιseekV2 PAI3P · ζητέωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validζητέω: 'seek'; parse V2 PAI3P · ζητέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
κακοποιεῖνdo harmV2 PAN · κακοποιέωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionκακοποιέω: 'do harm'; parse V2 PAN · κακοποιέω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τόνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τεandX TEproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseτε: 'and'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
κόρονsatietyN2 ASM · κόροςaccusative object / complement within the clauseκόρος: 'satiety'; parse N2 ASM · κόρος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
δυνάμενοιbe ableV6 · πμπνπμ δύναμαιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextδύναμαι: 'be able'; parse V6 · πμπνπμ δύναμαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
φέρεινbearV1 PAN · φέρωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionφέρω: 'bear'; parse V1 PAN · φέρω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἑαυτῶνthemselvesRD GPM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἑαυτοῦ: 'themselves'; parse RD GPM · ἑαυτοῦ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
εὐεργέταιςbenefactorN1M DPM · εὐεργέτηςdative complement / reference or instrumentεὐεργέτης: 'benefactor'; parse N1M DPM · εὐεργέτης. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐπιχειροῦσιattemptV2 PAI3P · χειρέω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validχειρέω + ἐπι: 'attempt'; parse V2 PAI3P · χειρέω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
μηχανᾶσθαιplotV3 PMN · μηχανάομαιinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionμηχανάομαι: 'plot'; parse V3 PMN · μηχανάομαι. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
εὐχαριστίανgratitudeN1A ASF · εὐχαριστίαaccusative object / complement within the clauseεὐχαριστία: 'gratitude'; parse N1A ASF · εὐχαριστία. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
μόνονonlyD · μόνονadverbial particle qualifying the assertionμόνον: 'only'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complementἐκ: 'from'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀνθρώπωνhuman beingN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἄνθρωπος: 'human being'; parse N2 GPM · ἄνθρωπος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀνταναιροῦντεςtaking away in returnV2 · παπνπμ αἱρέω + ἀντι ἀναmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextαἱρέω + ἀντι ἀνα: 'taking away in return'; parse V2 · παπνπμ αἱρέω + ἀντι ἀνα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseἀλλά: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀπειραγάθωνsimple-minded menN2 GPM · ἀπειράγαθοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἀπειράγαθος: 'simple-minded men'; parse N2 GPM · ἀπειράγαθος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
κόμποιςboastful swellingN2 DPM · κόμποςdative complement / reference or instrumentκόμπος: 'boastful swelling'; parse N2 DPM · κόμπος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐπαρθέντεςhaving been puffed upVC · αππνπμ αἴρω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextαἴρω + ἐπι: 'having been puffed up'; parse VC · αππνπμ αἴρω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 APN · πᾶς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
κατοπτεύοντοςwho watches overV1 · παπγσμ ὀπτεύω + καταmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextὀπτεύω + κατα: 'who watches over'; parse V1 · παπγσμ ὀπτεύω + κατα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἀεὶalwaysD · ἀείadverbial particle qualifying the assertionἀεί: 'always'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationθεός: 'God'; parse N2 GSM · θεός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
μισοπόνηρονevil-hatingA1B ASM · μισοπόνηροςaccusative object / complement within the clauseμισοπόνηρος: 'evil-hating'; parse A1B ASM · μισοπόνηρος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑπολαμβάνουσινsupposeV1 PAI3P · λαμβάνω + ὑποmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validλαμβάνω + ὑπο: 'suppose'; parse V1 PAI3P · λαμβάνω + ὑπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
ἐκφεύξεσθαιescape fromVF FMN · φεύγω + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech momentφεύγω + ἐκ: 'escape from'; parse VF FMN · φεύγω + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech moment.
δίκηνjusticeN1 ASF · δίκηaccusative object / complement within the clauseδίκη: 'justice'; parse N1 ASF · δίκη. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πολλάκιςoftenD · πολλάκιςadverbial particle qualifying the assertionπολλάκις: 'often'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
πολλοὺςmany / muchA1 APM · πολύςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπολύς: 'many / much'; parse A1 APM · πολύς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπ'upon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: 'upon / on'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ἐξουσίαιςauthorityN1A DPF · ἐξουσίαdative complement / reference or instrumentἐξουσία: 'authority'; parse N1A DPF · ἐξουσία. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τεταγμένωνappointedVK · χμπγπμ τάσσωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτάσσω: 'appointed'; parse VK · χμπγπμ τάσσω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
πιστευθέντωνentrustedVC · αππγπμ πιστεύωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextπιστεύω: 'entrusted'; parse VC · αππγπμ πιστεύω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
χειρίζεινadministerV1 PAN · χειρίζωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionχειρίζω: 'administer'; parse V1 PAN · χειρίζω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
φίλωνfriendA1 GPM · φίλοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationφίλος: 'friend'; parse A1 GPM · φίλος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πράγματαmatterN3M APN · πρᾶγμαaccusative object / complement within the clauseπρᾶγμα: 'matter'; parse N3M APN · πρᾶγμα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
παραμυθίαspecious persuasionN1A NSF · παραμυθίαnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseπαραμυθία: 'specious persuasion'; parse N1A NSF · παραμυθία. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
μεταιτίουςjointly guiltyA1B APM · μεταίτιοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseμεταίτιος: 'jointly guilty'; parse A1B APM · μεταίτιος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
αἱμάτωνbloodN3M GPN · αἷμαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαἷμα: 'blood'; parse N3M GPN · αἷμα. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀθῴωνinnocentA1 GPM · ἀθῷοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἀθῷος: 'innocent'; parse A1 GPM · ἀθῷος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καταστήσασαappointVA · ααπνσφ ἵστημι + καταmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextἵστημι + κατα: 'appoint'; parse VA · ααπνσφ ἵστημι + κατα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
περιέβαλεbring uponVBI AAI3S · βάλλω + περιmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeβάλλω + περι: 'bring upon'; parse VBI AAI3S · βάλλω + περι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
συμφοραῖςdisasterN1A DPF · συμφοράdative complement / reference or instrumentσυμφορά: 'disaster'; parse N1A DPF · συμφορά. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀνηκέστοιςpast healingA1B DPM · ἀνήκεστοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἀνήκεστος: 'past healing'; parse A1B DPM · ἀνήκεστος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
κακοηθείαςmaliceN1A GSF · κακοήθειαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationκακοήθεια: 'malice'; parse N1A GSF · κακοήθεια. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ψευδεῖfalseA3H DSM · ψευδήςdative complement / reference or instrumentψευδής: 'false'; parse A3H DSM · ψευδής. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
παραλογισμῷdeceptive reasoningN2 DSM · παραλογισμόςdative complement / reference or instrumentπαραλογισμός: 'deceptive reasoning'; parse N2 DSM · παραλογισμός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
παραλογισαμένωνthose who reason falselyVA · αμπγπμ λογίζομαι + παραmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextλογίζομαι + παρα: 'those who reason falsely'; parse VA · αμπγπμ λογίζομαι + παρα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπικρατούντωνthose who ruleV2 · παπγπμ κρατέω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextκρατέω + ἐπι: 'those who rule'; parse V2 · παπγπμ κρατέω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἀκέραιονunalloyedA1B ASF · ἀκέραιοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἀκέραιος: 'unalloyed'; parse A1B ASF · ἀκέραιος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
εὐγνωμοσύνηνgood faithN1 ASF · εὐγνωμοσύνηaccusative object / complement within the clauseεὐγνωμοσύνη: 'good faith'; parse N1 ASF · εὐγνωμοσύνη. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
σκοπεῖνobserveV2 PAN · σκοπέωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionσκοπέω: 'observe'; parse V2 PAN · σκοπέω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ἔξεστινit is possibleV9 PAI3S · εἰμί + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεἰμί + ἐκ: 'it is possible'; parse V9 PAI3S · εἰμί + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
τοσοῦτονso greatA1 ASM · τοσοῦτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseτοσοῦτος: 'so great'; parse A1 ASM · τοσοῦτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complementἐκ: 'from'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
παλαιοτέρωνformerA1A GPM · παλαιόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπαλαιός: 'former'; parse A1A GPM · παλαιός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὧνwho / whichRR GPM · ὅςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὅς: 'who / which'; parse RR GPM · ὅς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
παρεδώκαμενhand overVAI AAI1P · δίδωμι + παραmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeδίδωμι + παρα: 'hand over'; parse VAI AAI1P · δίδωμι + παρα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
ἱστοριῶνrecordN1A GPF · ἱστορίαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἱστορία: 'record'; parse N1A GPF · ἱστορία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὅσαas many asA1 NPN · ὅσοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὅσος: 'as many as'; parse A1 NPN · ὅσος. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐστὶνbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 PAI3S · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
παρὰfrom / besideP · παράpreposition governing its complementπαρά: 'from / beside'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πόδαςpoysN3D APM · πούςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπούς: 'poys'; parse N3D APM · πούς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑμᾶςyouRP AP · σύaccusative object / complement within the clauseσύ: 'you'; parse RP AP · σύ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐκζητοῦνταςwhile examiningV2 · παπαπμ ζητέω + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextζητέω + ἐκ: 'while examining'; parse V2 · παπαπμ ζητέω + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἀνοσίωςwickedlyD · ἀνοσίωςadverbial particle qualifying the assertionἀνοσίως: 'wickedly'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
συντετελεσμέναthings accomplishedVM · χμπαπν τελέω + συνmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτελέω + συν: 'things accomplished'; parse VM · χμπαπν τελέω + συν. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀνάξιαunworthyA1A APN · ἀνάξιοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἀνάξιος: 'unworthy'; parse A1A APN · ἀνάξιος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
δυναστευόντωνthose exercising powerV1 · παπγπμ δυναστεύωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextδυναστεύω: 'those exercising power'; parse V1 · παπγπμ δυναστεύω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
λοιμότητιpestilent ruinN3H DSF · λοιμότηςdative complement / reference or instrumentλοιμότης: 'pestilent ruin'; parse N3H DSF · λοιμότης. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
προσέχεινattend toV1 PAN · ἔχω + προςinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionἔχω + προς: 'attend to'; parse V1 PAN · ἔχω + προς. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: 'into'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: 'with / after'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseοὗτος: 'these things'; parse RD APN · οὗτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: 'into'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
βασιλείανkingdomN1A ASF · βασιλείαaccusative object / complement within the clauseβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; parse N1A ASF · βασιλεία. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἀτάραχονuntroubledA1B ASN · ἀτάραχοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἀτάραχος: 'untroubled'; parse A1B ASN · ἀτάραχος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
πᾶσινallA3 DPM · πᾶςdative complement / reference or instrumentπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 DPM · πᾶς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀνθρώποιςhuman beingN2 DPM · ἄνθρωποςdative complement / reference or instrumentἄνθρωπος: 'human being'; parse N2 DPM · ἄνθρωπος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μετ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: 'with / after'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
εἰρήνηςpeaceN1 GSF · εἰρήνηgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationεἰρήνη: 'peace'; parse N1 GSF · εἰρήνη. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
παρεξόμεθαfurnishVF FMI1P · ἔχω + παραmain finite verb of the clause→ future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech momentἔχω + παρα: 'furnish'; parse VF FMI1P · ἔχω + παρα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech moment.
χρώμενοιmake use ofV3 · πμπνπμ χράομαιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextχράομαι: 'make use of'; parse V3 · πμπνπμ χράομαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μεταβολαῖςpolicy-shiftN1 DPF · μεταβολήdative complement / reference or instrumentμεταβολή: 'policy-shift'; parse N1 DPF · μεταβολή. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: 'by'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὄψινviewN3I ASF · ὄψιςaccusative object / complement within the clauseὄψις: 'view'; parse N3I ASF · ὄψις. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐρχόμεναcoming forwardV1 · πμπαπν ἔρχομαιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextἔρχομαι: 'coming forward'; parse V1 · πμπαπν ἔρχομαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
διακρίνοντεςdiscerningV1 · παπνπμ κρίνω + διαmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextκρίνω + δια: 'discerning'; parse V1 · παπνπμ κρίνω + δια. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἀεὶalwaysD · ἀείadverbial particle qualifying the assertionἀεί: 'always'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
μετ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: 'with / after'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ἐπιεικεστέραςmore gentleA3H GSF · ἐπιεικήςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐπιεικής: 'more gentle'; parse A3H GSF · ἐπιεικής. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀπαντήσεωςresponseN3I GSF · ἀπάντησιςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἀπάντησις: 'response'; parse N3I GSF · ἀπάντησις. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὡςasC · ὡςcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὡς: 'as'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρpostpositive particle shaping clause relationγάρ: 'for'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ΑμανHamanN NSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ΑμαδαθουHammedathaN GSM · Αμαδαθουproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαδαθου: 'Hammedatha'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ΜακεδώνMacedonianN3N NSM · Μακεδώνnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseΜακεδών: 'Macedonian'; parse N3N NSM · Μακεδών. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀληθείαιςtruthN1A DPF · ἀλήθειαdative complement / reference or instrumentἀλήθεια: 'truth'; parse N1A DPF · ἀλήθεια. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀλλότριοςforeignerA1A NSM · ἀλλότριοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἀλλότριος: 'foreigner'; parse A1A NSM · ἀλλότριος. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ΠερσῶνPersianN1M GPM · Πέρσηςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationΠέρσης: 'Persian'; parse N1M GPM · Πέρσης. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
αἵματοςbloodN3M GSN · αἷμαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαἷμα: 'blood'; parse N3M GSN · αἷμα. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
πολὺmany / muchA1P ASN · πολύςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπολύς: 'many / much'; parse A1P ASN · πολύς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
διεστηκὼςstanding apartVXI XAPNSM I(/STHMI DIAinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionδιεστηκὼς: 'standing apart'; parse VXI XAPNSM I(/STHMI DIA. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἡμετέραςourA1A GSF · ἡμέτεροςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἡμέτερος: 'our'; parse A1A GSF · ἡμέτερος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
χρηστότητοςkindnessN3H GSF · χρηστότηςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationχρηστότης: 'kindness'; parse N3H GSF · χρηστότης. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπιξενωθεὶςhaving been treated as a guest-friendVC · αππνσμ ξενόομαι + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextξενόομαι + ἐπι: 'having been treated as a guest-friend'; parse VC · αππνσμ ξενόομαι + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἡμῖνI / weRP DP · ἐγώdative complement / reference or instrumentἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP DP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἔτυχενobtainVBI AAI3S · τυγχάνωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeτυγχάνω: 'obtain'; parse VBI AAI3S · τυγχάνω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
ἧςwho / whichRR GSF · ὅςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὅς: 'who / which'; parse RR GSF · ὅς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἔχομενhave / wearV1 PAI1P · ἔχωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validἔχω: 'have / wear'; parse V1 PAI1P · ἔχω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: 'toward'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πᾶνallA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 ASN · πᾶς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἔθνοςnationN3E ASN · ἔθνοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἔθνος: 'nation'; parse N3E ASN · ἔθνος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
φιλανθρωπίαςhumanityN1A GSF · φιλανθρωπίαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationφιλανθρωπία: 'humanity'; parse N1A GSF · φιλανθρωπία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπὶupon / onP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complementἐπί: 'upon / on'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοσοῦτονso greatA1 ASM · τοσοῦτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseτοσοῦτος: 'so great'; parse A1 ASM · τοσοῦτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὥστεso thatC · ὥστεcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὥστε: 'so that'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ἀναγορεύεσθαιproclaim asV1 PMN · ἀγορεύω + ἀναinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionἀγορεύω + ἀνα: 'proclaim as'; parse V1 PMN · ἀγορεύω + ἀνα. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
ἡμῶνI / weRP GP · ἐγώgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP GP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
πατέραfatherN3 ASM · πατήρaccusative object / complement within the clauseπατήρ: 'father'; parse N3 ASM · πατήρ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
προσκυνούμενονbeing obeisance-paid toV2 · πμπασμ κυνέω + προςmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextκυνέω + προς: 'being obeisance-paid to'; parse V2 · πμπασμ κυνέω + προς. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: 'by'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πάντωνallA3 GPM · πᾶςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 GPM · πᾶς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
δεύτερονsecondA1A ASN · δεύτεροςaccusative object / complement within the clauseδεύτερος: 'second'; parse A1A ASN · δεύτερος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
βασιλικοῦroyalA1 GSM · βασιλικόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationβασιλικός: 'royal'; parse A1 GSM · βασιλικός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
θρόνουthroneN2 GSM · θρόνοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationθρόνος: 'throne'; parse N2 GSM · θρόνος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
πρόσωπονfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative object / complement within the clauseπρόσωπον: 'face'; parse N2N ASN · πρόσωπον. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
διατελεῖνcontinue in officeV2 PAN · τελέω + διαinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionτελέω + δια: 'continue in office'; parse V2 PAN · τελέω + δια. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἐνέγκαςbearVA · ααπνσμ φέρωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextφέρω: 'bear'; parse VA · ααπνσμ φέρω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑπερηφανίανarroganceN1A ASF · ὑπερηφανίαaccusative object / complement within the clauseὑπερηφανία: 'arrogance'; parse N1A ASF · ὑπερηφανία. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐπετήδευσενscheme afterVAI AAI3S · τηδεύω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeτηδεύω + ἐπι: 'scheme after'; parse VAI AAI3S · τηδεύω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀρχῆςbeginningN1 GSF · ἀρχήgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἀρχή: 'beginning'; parse N1 GSF · ἀρχή. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
στερῆσαιdepriveVA AAN · στερέωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionστερέω: 'deprive'; parse VA AAN · στερέω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
ἡμᾶςI / weRP AP · ἐγώaccusative object / complement within the clauseἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP AP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
πνεύματοςlifeN3M GSN · πνεῦμαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπνεῦμα: 'life'; parse N3M GSN · πνεῦμα. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τόνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τεandX TEproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseτε: 'and'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ἡμέτερονourA1A ASM · ἡμέτεροςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἡμέτερος: 'our'; parse A1A ASM · ἡμέτερος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
σωτῆραsaviorN3H ASM · σωτήρaccusative object / complement within the clauseσωτήρ: 'savior'; parse N3H ASM · σωτήρ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: 'through'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 GSM · πᾶς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
εὐεργέτηνbenefactorN1M ASM · εὐεργέτηςaccusative object / complement within the clauseεὐεργέτης: 'benefactor'; parse N1M ASM · εὐεργέτης. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΜαρδοχαῖονMordecaiN2 ASM · Μαρδοχαῖοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseΜαρδοχαῖος: 'Mordecai'; parse N2 ASM · Μαρδοχαῖος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἄμεμπτονblamelessA1B ASF · ἄμεμπτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἄμεμπτος: 'blameless'; parse A1B ASF · ἄμεμπτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
βασιλείαςkingdomN1A GSF · βασιλείαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; parse N1A GSF · βασιλεία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
κοινωνὸνpartnerN2 ASF · κοινωνόςaccusative object / complement within the clauseκοινωνός: 'partner'; parse N2 ASF · κοινωνός. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΕσθηρEstherN ASF · Εσθηρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΕσθηρ: 'Esther'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing its complementσύν: 'with'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
παντὶallA3 DSN · πᾶςdative complement / reference or instrumentπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 DSN · πᾶς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τούτωνthisRD GPM · οὗτοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationοὗτος: 'this'; parse RD GPM · οὗτος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἔθνειnationN3E DSN · ἔθνοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἔθνος: 'nation'; parse N3E DSN · ἔθνος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
πολυπλόκοιςintricateA1B DPM · πολύπλοκοςdative complement / reference or instrumentπολύπλοκος: 'intricate'; parse A1B DPM · πολύπλοκος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μεθόδωνschemeN2 GPF · μέθοδοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationμέθοδος: 'scheme'; parse N2 GPF · μέθοδος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
παραλογισμοῖςdeceptive reasoningN2 DPM · παραλογισμόςdative complement / reference or instrumentπαραλογισμός: 'deceptive reasoning'; parse N2 DPM · παραλογισμός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
αἰτησάμενοςhaving requestedVA · αμπνσμ αἰτέωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextαἰτέω: 'having requested'; parse VA · αμπνσμ αἰτέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: 'into'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ἀπώλειανdestructionN1A ASF · ἀπώλειαaccusative object / complement within the clauseἀπώλεια: 'destruction'; parse N1A ASF · ἀπώλεια. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: 'through'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
γὰρforX · γάρpostpositive particle shaping clause relationγάρ: 'for'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τρόπωνwayN2 GPM · τρόποςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationτρόπος: 'way'; parse N2 GPM · τρόπος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τούτωνthisRD GPM · οὗτοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationοὗτος: 'this'; parse RD GPM · οὗτος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ᾠήθηsupposeVCI API3S · οἴομαιmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectοἴομαι: 'suppose'; parse VCI API3S · οἴομαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
λαβὼνtakeVB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextλαμβάνω: 'take'; parse VB · ααπνσμ λαμβάνω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἡμᾶςI / weRP AP · ἐγώaccusative object / complement within the clauseἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP AP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐρήμουςbereftA1 APM · ἔρημοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἔρημος: 'bereft'; parse A1 APM · ἔρημος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ΠερσῶνPersianN1M GPM · Πέρσηςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationΠέρσης: 'Persian'; parse N1M GPM · Πέρσης. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπικράτησινdominionN3I ASF · ἐπικράτησιςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἐπικράτησις: 'dominion'; parse N3I ASF · ἐπικράτησις. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: 'into'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΜακεδόναςMacedonianN3N APM · Μακεδώνaccusative object / complement within the clauseΜακεδών: 'Macedonian'; parse N3N APM · Μακεδών. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
μετάξαιtransferVA AAN · ἄγω + μεταinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionἄγω + μετα: 'transfer'; parse VA AAN · ἄγω + μετα. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
ἡμεῖςI / weRP NP · ἐγώnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP NP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: 'by'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τρισαλιτηρίουthrice-accursedN2 GSM · τρισαλιτήριοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationτρισαλιτήριος: 'thrice-accursed'; parse N2 GSM · τρισαλιτήριος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
παραδεδομένουςhand overVM · χμπαπμ δίδωμι + παραmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextδίδωμι + παρα: 'hand over'; parse VM · χμπαπμ δίδωμι + παρα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: 'into'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ἀφανισμὸνaphanismosN2 ASM · ἀφανισμόςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἀφανισμός: 'aphanismos'; parse N2 ASM · ἀφανισμός. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 APM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
εὑρίσκομενfindV1 PAI1P · εὑρίσκωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validεὑρίσκω: 'find'; parse V1 PAI1P · εὑρίσκω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
κακούργουςcriminalA1B APM · κακοῦργοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseκακοῦργος: 'criminal'; parse A1B APM · κακοῦργος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὄνταςbeV9 · παπαπμ εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 · παπαπμ εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
δικαιοτάτοιςjustA1A DPMS · δίκαιοςdative complement / reference or instrumentδίκαιος: 'just'; parse A1A DPMS · δίκαιος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
πολιτευομένουςbeing governed in civic lifeV1 · πμπαπμ πολιτεύωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextπολιτεύω: 'being governed in civic life'; parse V1 · πμπαπμ πολιτεύω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
νόμοιςlawN2 DPM · νόμοςdative complement / reference or instrumentνόμος: 'law'; parse N2 DPM · νόμος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ὄνταςbeV9 · παπαπμ εἰμίmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 · παπαπμ εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
υἱοὺςsonN2 APM · υἱόςaccusative object / complement within the clauseυἱός: 'son'; parse N2 APM · υἱός. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ὑψίστουMost HighN2 GSM · ὕψιστοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὕψιστος: 'Most High'; parse N2 GSM · ὕψιστος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
μεγίστουgreatA1 GSMS · μέγαςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationμέγας: 'great'; parse A1 GSMS · μέγας. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ζῶντοςlivingV3 · παπγσμ ζάωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextζάω: 'living'; parse V3 · παπγσμ ζάω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationθεός: 'God'; parse N2 GSM · θεός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
κατευθύνοντοςdirectingV1 · παπγσμ εὐθύνω + καταmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextεὐθύνω + κατα: 'directing'; parse V1 · παπγσμ εὐθύνω + κατα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἡμῖνI / weRP DP · ἐγώdative complement / reference or instrumentἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP DP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τεandX TEproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseτε: 'and'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
προγόνοιςforefatherN2 DPM · πρόγονοςdative complement / reference or instrumentπρόγονος: 'forefather'; parse N2 DPM · πρόγονος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἡμῶνI / weRP GP · ἐγώgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP GP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
βασιλείανkingdomN1A ASF · βασιλείαaccusative object / complement within the clauseβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; parse N1A ASF · βασιλεία. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καλλίστῃfairA1 DSFS · καλόςdative complement / reference or instrumentκαλός: 'fair'; parse A1 DSFS · καλός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
διαθέσειorderingN3I DSF · διάθεσιςdative complement / reference or instrumentδιάθεσις: 'ordering'; parse N3I DSF · διάθεσις. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καλῶςwellD · καλῶςadverbial particle qualifying the assertionκαλῶς: 'well'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
οὖνthenX · οὖνpostpositive particle shaping clause relationοὖν: 'then'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ποιήσετεdoVF FAI2P · ποιέωmain finite verb of the clause→ future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech momentποιέω: 'do'; parse VF FAI2P · ποιέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech moment.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial particle qualifying the assertionμή: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
προσχρησάμενοιmaking use ofVA · αμπνπμ χράω + προςmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextχράω + προς: 'making use of'; parse VA · αμπνπμ χράω + προς. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPN · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: 'by'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ΑμανHamanN GSM · Αμανproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑμαν: 'Haman'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ΑμαδαθουHamadathosN2 GSM · Αμαδαθοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationΑμαδαθος: 'Hamadathos'; parse N2 GSM · Αμαδαθος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀποσταλεῖσιhaving been sentVA · ααπδπν στέλλω + ἀποmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextστέλλω + ἀπο: 'having been sent'; parse VA · ααπδπν στέλλω + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
γράμμασινletterN3M DPN · γράμμαdative complement / reference or instrumentγράμμα: 'letter'; parse N3M DPN · γράμμα. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: 'through'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
αὐτὸνsame / her / himRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative object / complement within the clauseαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD ASM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseοὗτος: 'these things'; parse RD APN · οὗτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐξεργασάμενονthe one who accomplished thisVA · αμπασμ ἐργάζομαι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextἐργάζομαι + ἐκ: 'the one who accomplished this'; parse VA · αμπασμ ἐργάζομαι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing its complementπρός: 'toward'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
Σούσωνof SusaN GPN · Σουσάproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΣουσά: 'of Susa'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
πύλαιςgatesN1 DPF · πύληdative complement / reference or instrumentπύλη: 'gates'; parse N1 DPF · πύλη. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐσταυρῶσθαιimpaleVM XMN · σταυρόωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextσταυρόω: 'impale'; parse VM XMN · σταυρόω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing its complementσύν: 'with'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
πανοικίᾳwith the whole householdN1A DSF · πανοικίαdative complement / reference or instrumentπανοικία: 'with the whole household'; parse N1A DSF · πανοικία. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καταξίανdeservedA1A ASF · κατάξιοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseκατάξιος: 'deserved'; parse A1A ASF · κατάξιος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 APN · πᾶς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐπικρατοῦντοςwho rules allV2 · παπγσμ κρατέω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextκρατέω + ἐπι: 'who rules all'; parse V2 · παπγσμ κρατέω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationθεός: 'God'; parse N2 GSM · θεός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: 'through'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τάχουςspeedN3E GSN · τάχοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationτάχος: 'speed'; parse N3E GSN · τάχος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀποδόντοςhaving renderedVO · ααπγσμ δίδωμι + ἀποmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextδίδωμι + ἀπο: 'having rendered'; parse VO · ααπγσμ δίδωμι + ἀπο. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
αὐτῷsame / her / himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DSM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
κρίσινjudgmentN3I ASF · κρίσιςaccusative object / complement within the clauseκρίσις: 'judgment'; parse N3I ASF · κρίσις. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ἀντίγραφονcopyN2N NSN · ἀντίγραφονnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἀντίγραφον: 'copy'; parse N2N NSN · ἀντίγραφον. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπιστολῆςletterN1 GSF · ἐπιστολήgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐπιστολή: 'letter'; parse N1 GSF · ἐπιστολή. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ταύτηςthisRD GSF · οὗτοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationοὗτος: 'this'; parse RD GSF · οὗτος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐκθέντεςset out publiclyVE · ααπνπμ τίθημι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτίθημι + ἐκ: 'set out publicly'; parse VE · ααπνπμ τίθημι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
παντὶallA3 DSM · πᾶςdative complement / reference or instrumentπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 DSM · πᾶς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τόπῳplaceN2 DSM · τόποςdative complement / reference or instrumentτόπος: 'place'; parse N2 DSM · τόπος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: 'with / after'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
παρρησίαςpublic boldnessN1A GSF · παρρησίαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπαρρησία: 'public boldness'; parse N1A GSF · παρρησία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐᾶνifC · ἐάνcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseἐάν: 'if'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 APM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
χρῆσθαιactV3 PMN · χράομαιinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionχράομαι: 'act'; parse V3 PMN · χράομαι. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἑαυτῶνthemselvesRD GPM · ἑαυτοῦgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἑαυτοῦ: 'themselves'; parse RD GPM · ἑαυτοῦ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
νομίμοιςcustomary lawA1 DPM · νόμιμοςdative complement / reference or instrumentνόμιμος: 'customary law'; parse A1 DPM · νόμιμος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
συνεπισχύεινstrengthen togetherV1 PAN · ἰσχύω + συν + ἐπιinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionἰσχύω + συν + ἐπι: 'strengthen together'; parse V1 PAN · ἰσχύω + συν + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
αὐτοῖςsame / her / himRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ὅπωςthatC · ὅπωςcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὅπως: 'that'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
καιρῷtimeN2 DSM · καιρόςdative complement / reference or instrumentκαιρός: 'time'; parse N2 DSM · καιρός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
θλίψεωςthlipseosN3I GSF · θλῖψιςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationθλῖψις: 'thlipseos'; parse N3I GSF · θλῖψις. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐπιθεμένουςconspiratorsVE · αμπαπμ τίθημι + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτίθημι + ἐπι: 'conspirators'; parse VE · αμπαπμ τίθημι + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
αὐτοῖςsame / her / himRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἀμύνωνταιdefendV1 PMS3P · ἀμύνωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validἀμύνω: 'defend'; parse V1 PMS3P · ἀμύνω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τρισκαιδεκάτῃthirteenthA1 DSF · τρισκαιδέκατοςdative complement / reference or instrumentτρισκαιδέκατος: 'thirteenth'; parse A1 DSF · τρισκαιδέκατος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
δωδεκάτουtwelfthA1 GSM · δωδέκατοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationδωδέκατος: 'twelfth'; parse A1 GSM · δωδέκατος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
μηνὸςmonthN3 GSM · μήνgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationμήν: 'month'; parse N3 GSM · μήν. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ΑδαρAdarN GSM · Αδαρproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΑδαρ: 'Adar'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
αὐτῇsame / her / himRD DSF · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DSF · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement / reference or instrumentἡμέρα: 'day'; parse N1A DSF · ἡμέρα. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ταύτηνthisRD ASF · οὗτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseοὗτος: 'this'; parse RD ASF · οὗτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρpostpositive particle shaping clause relationγάρ: 'for'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 APN · πᾶς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
δυναστεύωνruling allV1 · παπνσμ δυναστεύωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextδυναστεύω: 'ruling all'; parse V1 · παπνσμ δυναστεύω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseθεός: 'God'; parse N2 NSM · θεός. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἀντ'instead ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing its complementἀντί: 'instead of'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ὀλεθρίαςruinN1A GSF · ὀλεθρίαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὀλεθρία: 'ruin'; parse N1A GSF · ὀλεθρία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐκλεκτοῦchosenA1 GSN · ἐκλεκτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἐκλεκτός: 'chosen'; parse A1 GSN · ἐκλεκτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
γένουςraceN3E GSN · γένοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationγένος: 'race'; parse N3E GSN · γένος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐποίησενdoVAI AAI3S · ποιέωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeποιέω: 'do'; parse VAI AAI3S · ποιέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
αὐτοῖςsame / her / himRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement / reference or instrumentαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD DPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
εὐφροσύνηνgladnessN1 ASF · εὐφροσύνηaccusative object / complement within the clauseεὐφροσύνη: 'gladness'; parse N1 ASF · εὐφροσύνη. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandD · καίadverbial particle qualifying the assertionκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseσύ: 'you'; parse RP NP · σύ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
οὖνthenX · οὖνpostpositive particle shaping clause relationοὖν: 'then'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐπωνύμοιςnamedN2 DPF · ἐπώνυμοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἐπώνυμος: 'named'; parse N2 DPF · ἐπώνυμος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ὑμῶνyouRP GP · σύgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationσύ: 'you'; parse RP GP · σύ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἑορταῖςfeastN1 DPF · ἑορτήdative complement / reference or instrumentἑορτή: 'feast'; parse N1 DPF · ἑορτή. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐπίσημονdistinguishedA1B ASF · ἐπίσημοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἐπίσημος: 'distinguished'; parse A1B ASF · ἐπίσημος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative object / complement within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; parse N1A ASF · ἡμέρα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: 'with / after'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πάσηςallA1S GSF · πᾶςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationπᾶς: 'all'; parse A1S GSF · πᾶς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
εὐωχίαςbanquet-feastingN1A GSF · εὐωχίαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationεὐωχία: 'banquet-feasting'; parse N1A GSF · εὐωχία. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἄγετεlead / keep / celebrateV1 PAI2P · ἄγωmain finite verb of the clause→ present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally validἄγω: 'lead / keep / celebrate'; parse V1 PAI2P · ἄγω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with present/imperfective portrayal of the action in progress or as generally valid.
ὅπωςthatC · ὅπωςcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseὅπως: 'that'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverbial particle qualifying the assertionνῦν: 'now'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
μετὰwith / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: 'with / after'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseοὗτος: 'these things'; parse RD APN · οὗτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
σωτηρίαdeliveranceN1A NSF · σωτηρίαnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseσωτηρία: 'deliverance'; parse N1A NSF · σωτηρία. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ᾖbeV9 PAS3S · εἰμίjussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech→ directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wishεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 PAS3S · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as jussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech, with directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wish.
ἡμῖνI / weRP DP · ἐγώdative complement / reference or instrumentἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP DP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
εὐνοοῦσινbe well-disposedV2 · παπδπμ εὐνοέωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextεὐνοέω: 'be well-disposed'; parse V2 · παπδπμ εὐνοέω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ΠέρσαιςPersianN1M DPM · Πέρσηςdative complement / reference or instrumentΠέρσης: 'Persian'; parse N1M DPM · Πέρσης. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ἡμῖνI / weRP DP · ἐγώdative complement / reference or instrumentἐγώ: 'I / we'; parse RP DP · ἐγώ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐπιβουλεύουσινplot againstV1 · παπδπμ βουλεύω + ἐπιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextβουλεύω + ἐπι: 'plot against'; parse V1 · παπδπμ βουλεύω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
μνημόσυνονmemorialN2N NSN · μνημόσυνονnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseμνημόσυνον: 'memorial'; parse N2N NSN · μνημόσυνον. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἀπωλείαςdestructionN1A GSF · ἀπώλειαgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἀπώλεια: 'destruction'; parse N1A GSF · ἀπώλεια. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseπᾶς: 'all'; parse A1S NSF · πᾶς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseπόλις: 'city'; parse N3I NSF · πόλις. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἢorC · ἤcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseἤ: 'or'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
χώραprovinceN1A NSF · χώραnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseχώρα: 'province'; parse N1A NSF · χώρα. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
σύνολονas a wholeA1B ASN · σύνολοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseσύνολος: 'as a whole'; parse A1B ASN · σύνολος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἥτιςwhoever / the one whoRX NSF · ὅστιςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὅστις: 'whoever / the one who'; parse RX NSF · ὅστις. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: 'according to'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseοὗτος: 'these things'; parse RD APN · οὗτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial particle qualifying the assertionμή: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ποιήσῃdoVA AAS3S · ποιέωjussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech→ directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wishποιέω: 'do'; parse VA AAS3S · ποιέω. In this verse the form serves as jussive / directive finite verb in quoted speech, with directive / volitive force in the quoted command or wish.
δόρατιspearN3 DSN · δόρυdative complement / reference or instrumentδόρυ: 'spear'; parse N3 DSN · δόρυ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
πυρὶfireN3 DSN · πῦρdative complement / reference or instrumentπῦρ: 'fire'; parse N3 DSN · πῦρ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καταναλωθήσεταιbe consumed utterlyVC FPI3S · ἁλίσκω + κατα + ἀναmain finite verb of the clause→ future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech momentἁλίσκω + κατα + ἀνα: 'be consumed utterly'; parse VC FPI3S · ἁλίσκω + κατα + ἀνα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech moment.
μετ'with / afterP · μετάpreposition governing its complementμετά: 'with / after'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ὀργῆςwith angerN1 GSF · ὀργήgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὀργή: 'with anger'; parse N1 GSF · ὀργή. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὐ: 'not'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
μόνονonlyD · μόνονadverbial particle qualifying the assertionμόνον: 'only'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἀνθρώποιςhuman beingN2 DPM · ἄνθρωποςdative complement / reference or instrumentἄνθρωπος: 'human being'; parse N2 DPM · ἄνθρωπος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἄβατοςimpassableA1B NSM · ἄβατοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἄβατος: 'impassable'; parse A1B NSM · ἄβατος. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseἀλλά: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
καὶandD · καίadverbial particle qualifying the assertionκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
θηρίοιςwild beastN2N DPN · θηρίονdative complement / reference or instrumentθηρίον: 'wild beast'; parse N2N DPN · θηρίον. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
πετεινοῖςbirdN2 DPN · πετεινόνdative complement / reference or instrumentπετεινόν: 'bird'; parse N2 DPN · πετεινόν. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: 'into'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἅπανταallA3 ASM · ἅπαςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἅπας: 'all'; parse A3 ASM · ἅπας. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseχρόνος: 'time'; parse N2 ASM · χρόνος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἔχθιστοςenemyA1 NSMS · ἐχθρόςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἐχθρός: 'enemy'; parse A1 NSMS · ἐχθρός. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
κατασταθήσεταιappointVC FPI3S · ἵστημι + καταmain finite verb of the clause→ future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech momentἵστημι + κατα: 'appoint'; parse VC FPI3S · ἵστημι + κατα. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with future / prospective force looking ahead from the speech moment.
13
τὰ δὲ ἀντίγραφα ἐκτιθέσθωσαν ὀφθαλμοφανῶς ἐν πάσῃ τῇ βασιλείᾳ ἑτοίμους τε εἶναι πάντας τοὺς Ιουδαίους εἰς ταύτην τὴν ἡμέραν πολεμῆσαι αὐτῶν τοὺς ὑπεναντίους
And let the copies be posted conspicuously throughout the whole kingdom, and let all the Jews be ready for this day to fight against their enemies.
The posted copies transform the private court decision into public authorization and prepare the Jews for the appointed day.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NPN · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ἀντίγραφαcopyN2N NPN · ἀντίγραφονnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἀντίγραφον: 'copy'; parse N2N NPN · ἀντίγραφον. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐκτιθέσθωσανset out publiclyV7 PPD3P · τίθημι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτίθημι + ἐκ: 'set out publicly'; parse V7 PPD3P · τίθημι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ὀφθαλμοφανῶςconspicuouslyD · ὀφθαλμοφανῶςadverbial particle qualifying the assertionὀφθαλμοφανῶς: 'conspicuously'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πάσῃallA1S DSF · πᾶςdative complement / reference or instrumentπᾶς: 'all'; parse A1S DSF · πᾶς. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DSF · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
βασιλείᾳkingdomN1A DSF · βασιλείαdative complement / reference or instrumentβασιλεία: 'kingdom'; parse N1A DSF · βασιλεία. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἑτοίμουςreadyA1 APM · ἕτοιμοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἕτοιμος: 'ready'; parse A1 APM · ἕτοιμος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τεandX TEproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseτε: 'and'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
εἶναιbeV9 PAN · εἰμίinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionεἰμί: 'be'; parse V9 PAN · εἰμί. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
πάνταςallA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπᾶς: 'all'; parse A3 APM · πᾶς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ΙουδαίουςJewN2 APM · Ἰουδαῖοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 APM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complementεἰς: 'into'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
ταύτηνthisRD ASF · οὗτοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseοὗτος: 'this'; parse RD ASF · οὗτος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative object / complement within the clauseἡμέρα: 'day'; parse N1A ASF · ἡμέρα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πολεμῆσαιmake warVA AAN · πολεμέωinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionπολεμέω: 'make war'; parse VA AAN · πολεμέω. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
αὐτῶνsame / her / himRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationαὐτός: 'same / her / him'; parse RD GPM · αὐτός. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑπεναντίουςypenantiosA1A APM · ὑπεναντίοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseὑπεναντίος: 'ypenantios'; parse A1A APM · ὑπεναντίος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
14
οἱ μὲν οὖν ἱππεῖς ἐξῆλθον σπεύδοντες τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως λεγόμενα ἐπιτελεῖν ἐξετέθη δὲ τὸ πρόσταγμα καὶ ἐν Σούσοις
So the horsemen went out in haste to carry out the king's words, and the edict was published also in Susa.
The horsemen embody the speed of imperial implementation, while Susa is named as the first urban center to receive the decree.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
μὲνindeedX · μένparticle within the clause frameμέν: 'indeed'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as particle within the clause frame.
οὖνthenX · οὖνpostpositive particle shaping clause relationοὖν: 'then'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ἱππεῖςippeysN3V NPM · ἱππεύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἱππεύς: 'ippeys'; parse N3V NPM · ἱππεύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐξῆλθονgo outVBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeἔρχομαι + ἐκ: 'go out'; parse VBI AAI3P · ἔρχομαι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
σπεύδοντεςhasteningV1 · παπνπμ σπεύδωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextσπεύδω: 'hastening'; parse V1 · παπνπμ σπεύδω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA APN · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complementὑπό: 'by'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
βασιλέωςkingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationβασιλεύς: 'king'; parse N3V GSM · βασιλεύς. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
λεγόμεναthe things spokenV1 · πππαπν λέγωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextλέγω: 'the things spoken'; parse V1 · πππαπν λέγω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
ἐπιτελεῖνcarry outV2 PAN · τελέω + ἐπιinfinitive complement advancing the verbal idea→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionτελέω + ἐπι: 'carry out'; parse V2 PAN · τελέω + ἐπι. In this verse the form serves as infinitive complement advancing the verbal idea, with infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expression.
ἐξετέθηset out publiclyVCI API3S · τίθημι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectτίθημι + ἐκ: 'set out publicly'; parse VCI API3S · τίθημι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
πρόσταγμαordinanceN3M NSN · πρόσταγμαnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseπρόσταγμα: 'ordinance'; parse N3M NSN · πρόσταγμα. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
καὶandD · καίadverbial particle qualifying the assertionκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
Σούσοιςin SusaN DPN · Σουσάproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΣουσά: 'in Susa'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
15
ὁ δὲ Μαρδοχαῖος ἐξῆλθεν ἐστολισμένος τὴν βασιλικὴν στολὴν καὶ στέφανον ἔχων χρυσοῦν καὶ διάδημα βύσσινον πορφυροῦν ἰδόντες δὲ οἱ ἐν Σούσοις ἐχάρησαν
And Mordecai went out clothed in royal apparel, wearing a golden crown and a fine linen purple diadem; and those in Susa, when they saw him, rejoiced.
Royal vesture makes the reversal public and visible; the city that formerly housed the threat now rejoices at Mordecai's honor.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ΜαρδοχαῖοςMordecaiN2 NSM · Μαρδοχαῖοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseΜαρδοχαῖος: 'Mordecai'; parse N2 NSM · Μαρδοχαῖος. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐξῆλθενwent outVBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeἔρχομαι + ἐκ: 'went out'; parse VBI AAI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
ἐστολισμένοςhaving been arrayedVM · χππνσμ στολίζωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextστολίζω: 'having been arrayed'; parse VM · χππνσμ στολίζω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASF · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
βασιλικὴνroyalA1 ASF · βασιλικόςaccusative object / complement within the clauseβασιλικός: 'royal'; parse A1 ASF · βασιλικός. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
στολὴνstolN1 ASF · στολήaccusative object / complement within the clauseστολή: 'stol'; parse N1 ASF · στολή. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
στέφανονcrownN2 ASM · στέφανοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseστέφανος: 'crown'; parse N2 ASM · στέφανος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἔχωνεχωνV1 · παπνσμ ἔχωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextἔχω: 'εχων'; parse V1 · παπνσμ ἔχω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
χρυσοῦνgoldenA1C ASM · χρυσοῦςaccusative object / complement within the clauseχρυσοῦς: 'golden'; parse A1C ASM · χρυσοῦς. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
διάδημαdiademN3M ASN · διάδημαaccusative object / complement within the clauseδιάδημα: 'diadem'; parse N3M ASN · διάδημα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
βύσσινονfine-linenA1 ASN · βύσσινοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseβύσσινος: 'fine-linen'; parse A1 ASN · βύσσινος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
πορφυροῦνpurpleA1B ASN · πορφύρεοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπορφύρεος: 'purple'; parse A1B ASN · πορφύρεος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
ἰδόντεςseeVB · ααπνπμ ὁράωmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextὁράω: 'see'; parse VB · ααπνπμ ὁράω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complementἐν: 'in'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
Σούσοιςin SusaN DPN · Σουσάproper name or indeclinable element within the clauseΣουσά: 'in Susa'; in this context it functions as proper name or indeclinable element within the clause.
ἐχάρησανrejoiceVDI API3P · χαίρωmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectχαίρω: 'rejoice'; parse VDI API3P · χαίρω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
16
τοῖς δὲ Ιουδαίοις ἐγένετο φῶς καὶ εὐφροσύνη
And for the Jews there came to be light and gladness.
The verse states in emblematic terms the interior effect of deliverance: darkness gives way to light and sorrow to festal gladness.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
δὲbutX · δέpostpositive particle shaping clause relationδέ: 'but'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as postpositive particle shaping clause relation.
ΙουδαίοιςJewN2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ἐγένετοit came to passVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextγίγνομαι: 'it came to pass'; parse VBI AMI3S · γίγνομαι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseφῶς: 'light'; parse N3T NSN · φῶς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
εὐφροσύνηgladnessN1 NSF · εὐφροσύνηnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseεὐφροσύνη: 'gladness'; parse N1 NSF · εὐφροσύνη. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
17
κατὰ πόλιν καὶ χώραν οὗ ἂν ἐξετέθη τὸ πρόσταγμα οὗ ἂν ἐξετέθη τὸ ἔκθεμα χαρὰ καὶ εὐφροσύνη τοῖς Ιουδαίοις κώθων καὶ εὐφροσύνη καὶ πολλοὶ τῶν ἐθνῶν περιετέμοντο καὶ ιουδάιζον διὰ τὸν φόβον τῶν Ιουδαίων
And in city after city and province after province, wherever the edict and the public posting were set forth, there was joy and gladness for the Jews, drinking-feast and rejoicing; and many from the nations were being circumcised and living as Jews because of fear of the Jews.
The decree produces rejoicing across the provinces and, strikingly, fear-driven alignment from many among the nations, showing that political pressure has reversed direction.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complementκατά: 'according to'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
πόλινcityN3I ASF · πόλιςaccusative object / complement within the clauseπόλις: 'city'; parse N3I ASF · πόλις. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
χώρανdistrictN1A ASF · χώραaccusative object / complement within the clauseχώρα: 'district'; parse N1A ASF · χώρα. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
οὗwhereD · οὗadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὗ: 'where'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἂνwhenever / wouldX · ἄνparticle within the clause frameἄν: 'whenever / would'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as particle within the clause frame.
ἐξετέθηset out publiclyVCI API3S · τίθημι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectτίθημι + ἐκ: 'set out publicly'; parse VCI API3S · τίθημι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
πρόσταγμαordinanceN3M NSN · πρόσταγμαnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseπρόσταγμα: 'ordinance'; parse N3M NSN · πρόσταγμα. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
οὗwhereD · οὗadverbial particle qualifying the assertionοὗ: 'where'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as adverbial particle qualifying the assertion.
ἂνwhenever / wouldX · ἄνparticle within the clause frameἄν: 'whenever / would'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as particle within the clause frame.
ἐξετέθηset out publiclyVCI API3S · τίθημι + ἐκmain finite verb of the clause→ aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subjectτίθημι + ἐκ: 'set out publicly'; parse VCI API3S · τίθημι + ἐκ. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with aorist passive event viewed as effected upon the subject.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA NSN · ὁ. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἔκθεμαpublic postingN3M NSN · ἔκθεμαnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseἔκθεμα: 'public posting'; parse N3M NSN · ἔκθεμα. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
χαρὰjoyN1A NSF · χαράnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseχαρά: 'joy'; parse N1A NSF · χαρά. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
εὐφροσύνηgladnessN1 NSF · εὐφροσύνηnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseεὐφροσύνη: 'gladness'; parse N1 NSF · εὐφροσύνη. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁdative complement / reference or instrumentὁ: 'the'; parse RA DPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
ΙουδαίοιςJewN2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖοςdative complement / reference or instrumentἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 DPM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as dative complement / reference or instrument.
κώθωνdrinking-feastN3W NSM · κώθωνnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseκώθων: 'drinking-feast'; parse N3W NSM · κώθων. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
εὐφροσύνηgladnessN1 NSF · εὐφροσύνηnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseεὐφροσύνη: 'gladness'; parse N1 NSF · εὐφροσύνη. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
πολλοὶmany / muchA1 NPM · πολύςnominative subject / predicate element in the clauseπολύς: 'many / much'; parse A1 NPM · πολύς. Here the form functions as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPN · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ἐθνῶνnationN3E GPN · ἔθνοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἔθνος: 'nation'; parse N3E GPN · ἔθνος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
περιετέμοντοcircumciseVBI AMI3P · τέμνω + περιmain finite verb of the clause→ verbal action framed by the clause contextτέμνω + περι: 'circumcise'; parse VBI AMI3P · τέμνω + περι. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with verbal action framed by the clause context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clauseκαί: 'and'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as coordinating / subordinating conjunction linking the clause.
ιουδάιζονlive as a JewVB AAI3P · ἰουδαίζωmain finite verb of the clause→ constative aorist presenting the event as a wholeἰουδαίζω: 'live as a Jew'; parse VB AAI3P · ἰουδαίζω. In this verse the form serves as main finite verb of the clause, with constative aorist presenting the event as a whole.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complementδιά: 'through'; this small connective or particle shapes the clause flow as preposition governing its complement.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative object / complement within the clauseὁ: 'the'; parse RA ASM · ὁ. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
φόβονfearN2 ASM · φόβοςaccusative object / complement within the clauseφόβος: 'fear'; parse N2 ASM · φόβος. Here the form functions as accusative object / complement within the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationὁ: 'the'; parse RA GPM · ὁ. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.
ΙουδαίωνJewN2 GPM · Ἰουδαῖοςgenitive dependent modifier / possession relationἸουδαῖος: 'Jew'; parse N2 GPM · Ἰουδαῖος. Here the form functions as genitive dependent modifier / possession relation.