1
κύριε ὁ θεός μου δοξάσω σε ὑμνήσω τὸ ὄνομά σου ὅτι ἐποίησας θαυμαστὰ πράγματα βουλὴν ἀρχαίαν ἀληθινήν γένοιτο κύριε
O Lord, my God, I will glorify you and hymn your name, because you have done wondrous things, an ancient and true counsel; let it be so, O Lord.
The chapter opens as a hymn that grounds praise in the Lord's wondrous works and in the reliability of his ancient counsel.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionθεός: rendered 'God' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δοξάσωglorifyVF FAI1S · δοξάζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardδοξάζω: verbal form rendered 'glorify' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὑμνήσωhymnVA AAS1S · ὑμνέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionὑμνέω: verbal form rendered 'hymn' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object or goalὄνομα: rendered 'name' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective linking words or clausesὅτι: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐποίησαςyou didVAI AAI2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeποιέω: verbal form rendered 'you did' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
θαυμαστὰwondrousA1 APN · θαυμαστόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalθαυμαστός: rendered 'wondrous' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πράγματαthingsN3M APN · πρᾶγμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalπρᾶγμα: rendered 'things' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
βουλὴνcounselN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative element functioning as object or goalβουλή: rendered 'counsel' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀρχαίανancientA1A ASF · ἀρχαῖοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀρχαῖος: rendered 'ancient' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀληθινήνtrueA1 ASF · ἀληθινόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀληθινός: rendered 'true' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γένοιτοlet it beVB AMO3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'let it be' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
2
ὅτι ἔθηκας πόλεις εἰς χῶμα πόλεις ὀχυρὰς τοῦ πεσεῖν αὐτῶν τὰ θεμέλια τῶν ἀσεβῶν πόλις εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα οὐ μὴ οἰκοδομηθῇ
Because you turned cities into dust, strong cities so that their foundations fell; the city of the ungodly shall never be rebuilt forever.
The praise is explained by the Lord’s overthrow of fortified urban pride and by the permanent ruin of the ungodly city.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective linking words or clausesὅτι: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἔθηκαςyou madeVAI AAI2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeτίθημι: verbal form rendered 'you made' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
πόλειςcitiesN3I APF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπόλις: rendered 'cities' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing a phrase relationεἰς: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
χῶμαdustN3M ASN · χῶμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalχῶμα: rendered 'dust' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πόλειςcitiesN3I APF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπόλις: rendered 'cities' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀχυρὰςstrongA1A APF · ὀχυρόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὀχυρός: rendered 'strong' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πεσεῖνto fallVB AAN · πίπτωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπίπτω: verbal form rendered 'to fall' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPF · αὐτόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεμέλιαfoundationsN2N APN · θεμέλιονaccusative element functioning as object or goalθεμέλιον: rendered 'foundations' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀσεβῶνungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἀσεβής: rendered 'ungodly' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπόλις: rendered 'city' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing a phrase relationεἰς: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative element functioning as object or goalαἰών: rendered 'age' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
οὐnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
μὴnotD · μήadverb shaping the clause or phraseμή: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
οἰκοδομηθῇbe rebuiltVC APS3S · οἰκοδομέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaοἰκοδομέω: verbal form rendered 'be rebuilt' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
3
διὰ τοῦτο εὐλογήσει σε ὁ λαὸς ὁ πτωχός καὶ πόλεις ἀνθρώπων ἀδικουμένων εὐλογήσουσίν σε
Therefore the poor people will bless you, and cities of wronged men will bless you.
The consequence of God’s judgment is that the poor and oppressed, not the proud, become the community that blesses him.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
διὰbecause ofP · διάpreposition introducing a phrase relationδιά: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εὐλογήσειwill blessVF FAI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεὐλογέω: verbal form rendered 'will bless' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionλαός: rendered 'people' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πτωχόςpoorN2 NSM · πτωχόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπτωχός: rendered 'poor' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πόλειςcitiesN3I NPF · πόλιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπόλις: rendered 'cities' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀνθρώπωνof menN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'of men' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀδικουμένωνbeing wrongedV2 · πμπγπμ ἀδικέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπμπγπμ ἀδικέω: verbal form rendered 'being wronged' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
εὐλογήσουσίνthey will blessVF FAI3P · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεὐλογέω: verbal form rendered 'they will bless' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
4
ἐγένου γὰρ πάσῃ πόλει ταπεινῇ βοηθὸς καὶ τοῖς ἀθυμήσασιν διὰ ἔνδειαν σκέπη ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπων πονηρῶν ῥύσῃ αὐτούς σκέπη διψώντων καὶ πνεῦμα ἀνθρώπων ἀδικουμένων
For you became a helper to every humbled city, and to the disheartened in want a shelter from wicked men; you will rescue them, a shelter for the thirsty and a spirit against unjust men.
The oracle turns from ruined oppressors to the Lord’s protective role for the weak, describing him as helper, shelter, and rescuer.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ἐγένουyou becameVBI AMI2S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'you became' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
πάσῃeveryA1S DSF · πᾶςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationπᾶς: rendered 'every' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πόλειcityN3I DSF · πόλιςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationπόλις: rendered 'city' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ταπεινῇhumbledA1 DSF · ταπεινόςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationταπεινός: rendered 'humbled' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
βοηθὸςhelperN2 NSM · βοηθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionβοηθός: rendered 'helper' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'to the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀθυμήσασινfaintheartedVA · ααπδπμ ἀθυμέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaἀθυμέω: to lose heart or become faint; here the form marks those demoralized by want who find shelter in the Lord.
διὰbecause ofP · διάpreposition introducing a phrase relationδιά: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἔνδειανneedN1A ASF · ἔνδειαaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔνδεια: rendered 'need' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σκέπηshelterN1 NSF · σκέπηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionσκέπης: rendered 'shelter' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing a phrase relationἀπό: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀνθρώπωνof menN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'of men' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πονηρῶνwickedA1A GPM · πονηρόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseπονηρός: rendered 'wicked' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ῥύσῃyou will rescueVF FMI2S · ῥύομαιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardῥύομαι: verbal form rendered 'you will rescue' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalαὐτός: rendered 'them' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σκέπηshelterN1 NSF · σκέπηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionσκέπης: rendered 'shelter' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
διψώντωνthirstyV3 · παπγπμ διψάωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπγπμ διψάω: verbal form rendered 'thirsty' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πνεῦμαspiritN3M ASN · πνεῦμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalπνεῦμα: rendered 'spirit' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀνθρώπωνof menN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'of men' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀδικουμένωνbeing wrongedV2 · πμπγπμ ἀδικέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπμπγπμ ἀδικέω: verbal form rendered 'being wronged' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
5
εὐλογήσουσίν σε ὡς ἄνθρωποι ὀλιγόψυχοι διψῶντες ἐν Σιων ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπων ἀσεβῶν οἷς ἡμᾶς παρέδωκας
They will bless you like fainthearted, thirsty people in Zion, from ungodly men to whom you handed us over.
The blessing of the rescued is pictured through the imagery of exhausted and thirsty people delivered from the ungodly.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
εὐλογήσουσίνthey will blessVF FAI3P · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεὐλογέω: verbal form rendered 'they will bless' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverb shaping the clause or phraseὡς: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἄνθρωποιmenN2 NPM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionἄνθρωπος: rendered 'men' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀλιγόψυχοιfaintheartedA1 NPM · ὀλιγόψυχοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὀλιγόψυχος: faint-hearted or small-souled; the word casts the rescued as exhausted and vulnerable rather than triumphant in themselves.
διψῶντεςthirstingV3 · παπνπμ διψάωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνπμ διψάω: verbal form rendered 'thirsting' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ΣιωνZionN DSF · Σιωνproper name identifying the place, people, or figure in viewΣιων: proper name rendered 'Zion' in this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing a phrase relationἀπό: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀνθρώπωνof menN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἄνθρωπος: rendered 'of men' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀσεβῶνungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἀσεβής: rendered 'ungodly' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
οἷςto whomRR DPM · ὅςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὅς: rendered 'to whom' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐγώ: rendered 'us' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
παρέδωκαςyou handed overVAI AAI2S · δίδωμι + παραverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeδίδωμι + παρα: verbal form rendered 'you handed over' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
6
καὶ ποιήσει κύριος σαβαωθ πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος τοῦτο πίονται εὐφροσύνην πίονται οἶνον χρίσονται μύρον
And the Lord of hosts will act for all the nations on this mountain: they shall drink gladness, they shall drink wine, they shall anoint themselves with ointment.
The vision broadens from the needy remnant to all nations as the Lord prepares a festive, abundant scene on Zion.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ποιήσειwill doVF FAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardποιέω: verbal form rendered 'will do' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σαβαωθof hostsN G · σαβαωθfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationσαβαωθ: indeclinable title, "of hosts," preserving the liturgical force of the divine epithet in this oracle.
πᾶσιallA3 DPM · πᾶςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'to the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἔθνεσινnationsN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἔθνος: rendered 'nations' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὄροςmountainN3E ASN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὄρος: rendered 'mountain' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πίονταιthey will drinkVF FMI3P · πίνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardπίνω: verbal form rendered 'they will drink' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
εὐφροσύνηνgladnessN1 ASF · εὐφροσύνηaccusative element functioning as object or goalεὐφροσύνη: rendered 'gladness' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πίονταιthey will drinkVF FMI3P · πίνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardπίνω: verbal form rendered 'they will drink' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οἶνονwineN2 ASM · οἶνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοἶνος: rendered 'wine' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
χρίσονταιthey will anoint themselvesVF FMI3P · χρίωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardχρίω: verbal form rendered 'they will anoint themselves' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
μύρονointmentN2N ASN · μύρονaccusative element functioning as object or goalμύρον: rendered 'ointment' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
7
ἐν τῷ ὄρει τούτῳ παράδος ταῦτα πάντα τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἡ γὰρ βουλὴ αὕτη ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη
On this mountain deliver all these things to the nations, for this counsel is upon all the nations.
The mountain promise is universalized again by insisting that the divine counsel reaches all the nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὄρειmountainN3E DSN · ὄροςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὄρος: rendered 'mountain' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τούτῳthisRD DSN · οὗτοςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
παράδοςdeliverVO AAD2S · δίδωμι + παραmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actπαράδος: a deliverance or handing over; in this context it frames the mountain promise as something extended outward to the nations.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοὗτος: rendered 'these things' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πάνταall thingsA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: rendered 'all things' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῖςto theRA DPN · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'to the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἔθνεσινnationsN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἔθνος: rendered 'nations' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
βουλὴcounselN1 NSF · βουλήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionβουλή: rendered 'counsel' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αὕτηthisRD NSF · οὗτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πάνταall thingsA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: rendered 'all things' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἔθνος: rendered 'nations' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
8
κατέπιεν ὁ θάνατος ἰσχύσας καὶ πάλιν ἀφεῖλεν ὁ θεὸς πᾶν δάκρυον ἀπὸ παντὸς προσώπου τὸ ὄνειδος τοῦ λαοῦ ἀφεῖλεν ἀπὸ πάσης τῆς γῆς τὸ γὰρ στόμα κυρίου ἐλάλησεν
Death, having prevailed, swallowed them; and again God removed every tear from every face; he removed the reproach of the people from all the earth, for the mouth of the Lord has spoken.
The central reversal arrives here: death, tears, and public shame are undone by God’s decisive and authoritative word.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
κατέπιενswallowedVBI AAI3S · πίνω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeπίνω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'swallowed' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θάνατοςdeathN2 NSM · θάνατοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionθάνατος: rendered 'death' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἰσχύσαςhaving prevailedVA · ααπνσμ ἰσχύωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaἰσχύω: to be strong or prevail; here the participle characterizes death as once mighty before God removes its hold.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πάλινagainD · πάλινadverb shaping the clause or phraseπάλιν: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀφεῖλενremovedVBI AAI3S · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeαἱρέω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'removed' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεὸςθεόςN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionθεός: rendered 'θεός' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πᾶνeveryA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: rendered 'every' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δάκρυονtearN2N ASN · δάκρυaccusative element functioning as object or goalδάκρυ: rendered 'tear' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing a phrase relationἀπό: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
παντὸςeveryA3 GSN · πᾶςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseπᾶς: rendered 'every' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
προσώπουfaceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseπρόσωπον: rendered 'face' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὄνειδοςreproachN3E ASN · ὄνειδοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὄνειδος: rendered 'reproach' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseλαός: rendered 'people' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀφεῖλενremovedVBI AAI3S · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeαἱρέω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'removed' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing a phrase relationἀπό: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πάσηςallA1S GSF · πᾶςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
στόμαmouthN3M NSN · στόμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionστόμα: rendered 'mouth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseκύριος: rendered 'of the Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐλάλησενspokeVAI AAI3S · λαλέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeλαλέω: verbal form rendered 'spoke' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
9
καὶ ἐροῦσιν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἰδοὺ ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν ἐφ' ᾧ ἠλπίζομεν καὶ ἠγαλλιώμεθα καὶ εὐφρανθησόμεθα ἐπὶ τῇ σωτηρίᾳ ἡμῶν
And they will say on that day, “Behold, this is our God in whom we hoped; we exulted, and we shall rejoice in our salvation.”
The saved respond with a communal confession that names the Lord as the God for whom they waited.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐροῦσινthey will sayVF2 FAI3P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεἶπον: verbal form rendered 'they will say' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τῇon theRA DSF · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'on the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἡμέρα: rendered 'day' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἐκεῖνος: rendered 'that' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούdeictic particle drawing attentionἰδού: particle or interjection drawing attention within this oracle.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεὸςθεόςN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionθεός: rendered 'θεός' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'our' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ᾧwhomRR DSM · ὅςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὅς: rendered 'whom' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἠλπίζομενwe hopedV1I IAI1P · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaἐλπίζω: verbal form rendered 'we hoped' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἠγαλλιώμεθαwe exultedV3 IMI1P · ἀγαλλιάομαιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaἀγαλλιάομαι: verbal form rendered 'we exulted' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
εὐφρανθησόμεθαwe shall rejoiceVC FPI1P · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεὐφραίνω: verbal form rendered 'we shall rejoice' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῇon theRA DSF · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'on the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σωτηρίᾳsalvationN1A DSF · σωτηρίαdative complement marking reference, means, or locationσωτηρία: rendered 'salvation' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'our' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
10
ὅτι ἀνάπαυσιν δώσει ὁ θεὸς ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος τοῦτο καὶ καταπατηθήσεται ἡ Μωαβῖτις ὃν τρόπον πατοῦσιν ἅλωνα ἐν ἁμάξαις
Because God will give rest on this mountain, and Moab shall be trampled in the way they trample a threshing floor with wagons.
Zion’s rest is set beside Moab’s trampling, so salvation for one side becomes humiliation for the proud opponent.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective linking words or clausesὅτι: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀνάπαυσινrestN3I ASF · ἀνάπαυσιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀνάπαυσις: rendered 'rest' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δώσειwill giveVF FAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardδίδωμι: verbal form rendered 'will give' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεὸςθεόςN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionθεός: rendered 'θεός' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὄροςmountainN3E ASN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὄρος: rendered 'mountain' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
καταπατηθήσεταιshall be trampledVC FPI3S · πατέω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardπατέω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'shall be trampled' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ΜωαβῖτιςMoabite womanN NSF · Μωαβῖτιςproper name identifying the place, people, or figure in viewΜωαβῖτις: "Moabite woman"; the Septuagint personifies Moab as a female figure subjected to trampling in the chapter’s anti-pride conclusion.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅς: rendered 'which' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τρόπονwayN2 ASM · τρόποςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτρόπος: rendered 'way' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πατοῦσινthey trampleV2 PAI3P · πατέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ present verbal form depicting ongoing or characteristic actionπατέω: verbal form rendered 'they trample' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἅλωναthreshing floorN3W ASF · ἅλωνaccusative element functioning as object or goalἅλων: rendered 'threshing floor' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἁμάξαιςwith wagonsN1S DPF · ἅμαξαdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἅμαξα: wagon or cart; the threshing-floor image makes Moab’s humiliation concrete and agrarian.
11
καὶ ἀνήσει τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ ὃν τρόπον καὶ αὐτὸς ἐταπείνωσεν τοῦ ἀπολέσαι καὶ ταπεινώσει τὴν ὕβριν αὐτοῦ ἐφ' ἃ τὰς χεῖρας ἐπέβαλεν
And he will let loose his hands in the same way that he also humbled him for destruction, and he will humble his pride over the things on which he laid his hands.
The image of outstretched hands is turned against the proud aggressor as the Lord answers grasping pride with humiliation.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀνήσειwill let looseVF FAI3S · ἵημι + ἀναverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἵημι + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'will let loose' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρaccusative element functioning as object or goalχείρ: rendered 'hands' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅς: rendered 'which' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τρόπονwayN2 ASM · τρόποςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτρόπος: rendered 'way' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
αὐτὸςhe himselfRD NSM · αὐτόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionαὐτός: rendered 'he himself' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐταπείνωσενhumbledVAI AAI3S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeταπεινόω: verbal form rendered 'humbled' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπολέσαιto destroyVA AAN · ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaὀλλύω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'to destroy' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ταπεινώσειwill humbleVF FAI3S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardταπεινόω: verbal form rendered 'will humble' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὕβρινprideN3I ASF · ὕβριςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὕβρις: rendered 'pride' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseαὐτός: rendered 'his' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἃwhich thingsRR APN · ὅςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅς: rendered 'which things' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρaccusative element functioning as object or goalχείρ: rendered 'hands' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπέβαλενhe laid uponVBI AAI3S · βάλλω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeβάλλω + ἐπι: verbal form rendered 'he laid upon' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
12
καὶ τὸ ὕψος τῆς καταφυγῆς τοῦ τοίχου σου ταπεινώσει καὶ καταβήσεται ἕως τοῦ ἐδάφους
And the height of your refuge-wall he will humble, and it will come down to the very ground.
The chapter ends by bringing every elevated defense down to earth, sealing the anti-pride movement of the oracle.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὕψοςheightN3E ASN · ὕψοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὕψος: rendered 'height' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καταφυγῆςrefugeN1 GSF · καταφυγήgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseκαταφυγή: rendered 'refuge' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοίχουwallN2 GSM · τοῖχοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseτοῖχος: rendered 'wall' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ταπεινώσειwill humbleVF FAI3S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardταπεινόω: verbal form rendered 'will humble' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
καταβήσεταιwill come downVF FMI3S · βαίνω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardβαίνω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'will come down' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἕωςas far asP · ἕωςpreposition introducing a phrase relationἕως: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐδάφουςgroundN3E GSN · ἔδαφοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἔδαφος: rendered 'ground' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.