1
τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ᾄσονται τὸ ᾆσμα τοῦτο ἐπὶ γῆς Ιουδα λέγοντες ἰδοὺ πόλις ὀχυρά καὶ σωτήριον ἡμῶν θήσει τεῖχος καὶ περίτειχος
On that day they will sing this song in the land of Judah, saying, “Behold, a strong city is our salvation; he will set wall and outer wall.”
The chapter opens as a public song in Judah that defines security not by pride but by the salvation God establishes.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
τῇon theRA DSF · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'on the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἡμέρα: rendered 'day' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἐκεῖνος: rendered 'that' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ᾄσονταιthey will singVF FMI3P · ᾄδωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardᾄδω: verbal form rendered 'they will sing' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ᾆσμαsongN3M ASN · ᾆσμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalᾆσμα: rendered 'song' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ιουδαproper name identifying the place, people, or figure in viewΙουδα: proper name rendered 'Judah' in this chapter's immediate context.
λέγοντεςsayingV1 · παπνπμ λέγωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνπμ λέγω: verbal form rendered 'saying' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούdeictic particle drawing attentionἰδού: particle or interjection drawing attention within this oracle.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπόλις: rendered 'city' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀχυράstrongA1A NSF · ὀχυρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὀχυρός: rendered 'strong' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
σωτήριονsalvationN2N ASN · σωτήριονaccusative element functioning as object or goalσωτήριον: rendered 'salvation' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'our' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θήσειhe will setVF FAI3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardτίθημι: verbal form rendered 'he will set' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τεῖχοςwallN3E ASN · τεῖχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalτεῖχος: rendered 'wall' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
περίτειχοςouter wallN3E ASN · περίτειχοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπερίτειχος: an outer fortification or surrounding wall; here it intensifies the image of God-established security.
2
ἀνοίξατε πύλας εἰσελθάτω λαὸς φυλάσσων δικαιοσύνην καὶ φυλάσσων ἀλήθειαν
Open the gates; let a people enter, one that keeps righteousness and keeps truth.
The city’s gates are opened not for any comer but for a community marked by righteousness and fidelity.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἀνοίξατεopenVA AAD2P · οἴγω + ἀναmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actοἴγω + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'open' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
πύλαςgatesN1 APF · πύληaccusative element functioning as object or goalπύλη: rendered 'gates' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εἰσελθάτωlet enterVB AAD3S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actἔρχομαι + εἰς: verbal form rendered 'let enter' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
λαὸςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionλαός: rendered 'people' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
φυλάσσωνkeepingV1 · παπνσμ φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνσμ φυλάσσω: verbal form rendered 'keeping' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object or goalδικαιοσύνη: rendered 'righteousness' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
φυλάσσωνkeepingV1 · παπνσμ φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνσμ φυλάσσω: verbal form rendered 'keeping' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἀλήθειανtruthN1A ASF · ἀλήθειαaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀλήθεια: rendered 'truth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
3
ἀντιλαμβανόμενος ἀληθείας καὶ φυλάσσων εἰρήνην ὅτι ἐπὶ σοὶ
Holding fast to truth and keeping peace, because they have hoped in you.
The song characterizes the faithful by their attachment to truth, their peace, and their reliance on the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἀντιλαμβανόμενοςholding fastV1 · πμπνσμ λαμβάνω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπμπνσμ λαμβάνω + ἀντι: verbal form rendered 'holding fast' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἀληθείαςof truthN1A GSF · ἀλήθειαgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἀλήθεια: rendered 'of truth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
φυλάσσωνkeepingV1 · παπνσμ φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνσμ φυλάσσω: verbal form rendered 'keeping' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
εἰρήνηνpeaceN1 ASF · εἰρήνηaccusative element functioning as object or goalεἰρήνη: rendered 'peace' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective linking words or clausesὅτι: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
σοὶyouRP DS · σύdative complement marking reference, means, or locationσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
4
ἤλπισαν κύριε ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος ὁ θεὸς ὁ μέγας ὁ αἰώνιος
They hoped in you, O Lord, forever, the great and eternal God.
The community states the enduring object of its trust by naming the Lord as the great and everlasting God.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἤλπισανthey hopedVAI AAI3P · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeἐλπίζω: verbal form rendered 'they hoped' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἕωςas far asP · ἕωςpreposition introducing a phrase relationἕως: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αἰῶνοςforeverN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseαἰών: rendered 'forever' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεὸςθεόςN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionθεός: rendered 'θεός' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μέγαςgreatA1P NSM · μέγαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionμέγας: rendered 'great' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αἰώνιοςeternalA1B NSM · αἰώνιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionαἰώνιος: rendered 'eternal' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
5
ὃς ταπεινώσας κατήγαγες τοὺς ἐνοικοῦντας ἐν ὑψηλοῖς πόλεις ὀχυρὰς καταβαλεῖς καὶ κατάξεις ἕως ἐδάφους
He who humbled brought down those dwelling on high; strong cities you will cast down and bring down to the ground.
Trust in the eternal Lord is justified by his consistent action against lofty dwellers and fortified pride.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὅς: rendered 'who' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ταπεινώσαςhaving humbledVA · ααπνσμ ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaααπνσμ ταπεινόω: verbal form rendered 'having humbled' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
κατήγαγεςyou brought downVBI AAI2S · ἄγω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeἄγω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'you brought down' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνοικοῦνταςthose dwellingV2 · παπαπμ οἰκέω + ἐνverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπαπμ οἰκέω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'those dwelling' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ὑψηλοῖςhigh placesA1 DPM · ὑψηλόςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὑψηλός: rendered 'high places' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πόλειςcitiesN3I APF · πόλιςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπόλις: rendered 'cities' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀχυρὰςstrongA1A APF · ὀχυρόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὀχυρός: rendered 'strong' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καταβαλεῖςyou will cast downVF2 FAI2S · βάλλω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardβάλλω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'you will cast down' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
κατάξειςyou will bring downVF FAI2S · ἄγω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἄγω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'you will bring down' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἕωςas far asP · ἕωςpreposition introducing a phrase relationἕως: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐδάφουςgroundN3E GSN · ἔδαφοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἔδαφος: rendered 'ground' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
6
καὶ πατήσουσιν αὐτοὺς πόδες πραέων καὶ ταπεινῶν
And the feet of the meek and humble will trample them.
Those once lowly become the ones who tread upon the fallen city, completing the reversal of status.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πατήσουσινthey will trampleVF FAI3P · πατέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardπατέω: verbal form rendered 'they will trample' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalαὐτός: rendered 'them' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πόδεςfeetN3D NPM · πούςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπούς: rendered 'feet' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πραέωνmeekA3U GPM · πραύ̈ςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseπραύ̈ς: rendered 'meek' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ταπεινῶνhumbleA1 GPM · ταπεινόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseταπεινός: rendered 'humble' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
7
ὁδὸς εὐσεβῶν εὐθεῖα ἐγένετο καὶ παρεσκευασμένη ἡ ὁδὸς τῶν εὐσεβῶν
Straight has become the way of the godly, and prepared is the way of the godly.
The song reflects on the moral clarity and God-given readiness of the righteous path.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὁδὸςwayN2 NSF · ὁδόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁδός: rendered 'way' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εὐσεβῶνgodlyA3H GPM · εὐσεβήςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseεὐσεβής: rendered 'godly' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εὐθεῖαstraightA3U NSF · εὐθύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionεὐθύς: rendered 'straight' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐγένετοbecameVBI AMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'became' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
παρεσκευασμένηpreparedVT · χμπνσφ σκευάζω + παραverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaχμπνσφ σκευάζω + παρα: verbal form rendered 'prepared' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁδὸςwayN2 NSF · ὁδόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁδός: rendered 'way' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εὐσεβῶνgodlyA3H GPM · εὐσεβήςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseεὐσεβής: rendered 'godly' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
8
ἡ γὰρ ὁδὸς κυρίου κρίσις ἠλπίσαμεν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί σου καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ μνείᾳ
For the way of the Lord is judgment; we have hoped in your name and in remembrance of you.
The community explains its hope by appealing to the Lord’s judicial way and to the enduring memory of his name.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
ὁδὸςwayN2 NSF · ὁδόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁδός: rendered 'way' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseκύριος: rendered 'of the Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κρίσιςjudgmentN3I NSF · κρίσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionκρίσις: rendered 'judgment' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἠλπίσαμενwe hopedVAI AAI1P · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeἐλπίζω: verbal form rendered 'we hoped' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀνόματίnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὄνομα: rendered 'name' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῇon theRA DSF · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'on the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μνείᾳremembranceN1A DSF · μνείαdative complement marking reference, means, or locationμνεία: rendered 'remembrance' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
9
ᾗ ἐπιθυμεῖ ἡ ψυχὴ ἡμῶν ἐκ νυκτὸς ὀρθρίζει τὸ πνεῦμά μου πρὸς σέ ὁ θεός διότι φῶς τὰ προστάγματά σου ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς δικαιοσύνην μάθετε οἱ ἐνοικοῦντες ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
For whom our soul longs in the night, my spirit rises early toward you, O God, because your ordinances are light upon the earth; learn righteousness, you who dwell on the earth.
Night-time desire for God becomes an exhortation for earthly inhabitants to learn righteousness from his illuminating judgments.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
ᾗfor whomRR DSF · ὅςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὅς: rendered 'for whom' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπιθυμεῖlongsV2 PAI3S · θυμέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ present verbal form depicting ongoing or characteristic actionθυμέω + ἐπι: verbal form rendered 'longs' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ψυχὴsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionψυχή: rendered 'soul' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'our' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐκ: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
νυκτὸςnightN3 GSF · νύξgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseνύξ: rendered 'night' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀρθρίζειrises earlyV1 PAI3S · ὀρθρίζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ present verbal form depicting ongoing or characteristic actionὀρθρίζω: verbal form rendered 'rises early' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πνεῦμάspiritN3M NSN · πνεῦμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπνεῦμα: rendered 'spirit' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition introducing a phrase relationπρός: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
σέyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goalσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA VSM · ὁvocative element used in direct addressὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεόςGodN2 VSM · θεόςvocative element used in direct addressθεός: rendered 'God' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
διότιbecauseC · διότιconnective linking words or clausesδιότι: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionφῶς: rendered 'light' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
προστάγματάordinancesN3M NPN · πρόσταγμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπρόσταγμα: rendered 'ordinances' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object or goalδικαιοσύνη: rendered 'righteousness' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μάθετεlearnVB AAD2P · μανθάνωmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actμανθάνω: verbal form rendered 'learn' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνοικοῦντεςthose dwellingV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + ἐνverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνπμ οἰκέω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'those dwelling' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
10
πέπαυται γὰρ ὁ ἀσεβής οὐ μὴ μάθῃ δικαιοσύνην ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἀλήθειαν οὐ μὴ ποιήσῃ ἀρθήτω ὁ ἀσεβής ἵνα μὴ ἴδῃ τὴν δόξαν κυρίου
For the ungodly has ceased; he shall by no means learn righteousness; on the earth he shall by no means practice truth. Let the ungodly be taken away, lest he see the glory of the Lord.
The wicked are portrayed as incorrigible, so the verse moves from diagnosis to a plea that they be removed from the sphere of divine glory.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
πέπαυταιhas ceasedVM XPI3S · παύωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαύω: verbal form rendered 'has ceased' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀσεβήςungodlyA3H NSM · ἀσεβήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionἀσεβής: rendered 'ungodly' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
οὐnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
μὴnotD · μήadverb shaping the clause or phraseμή: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
μάθῃlearnVB AAS3S · μανθάνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionμανθάνω: verbal form rendered 'learn' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object or goalδικαιοσύνη: rendered 'righteousness' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀλήθειανtruthN1A ASF · ἀλήθειαaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀλήθεια: rendered 'truth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
οὐnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
μὴnotD · μήadverb shaping the clause or phraseμή: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ποιήσῃdoVA AAS3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionποιέω: verbal form rendered 'do' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἀρθήτωlet him be taken awayVC APD3S · αἴρωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaαἴρω: verbal form rendered 'let him be taken away' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀσεβήςungodlyA3H NSM · ἀσεβήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionἀσεβής: rendered 'ungodly' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναconnective linking words or clausesἵνα: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
μὴnotD · μήadverb shaping the clause or phraseμή: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἴδῃhe may seeVB AAS3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionὁράω: verbal form rendered 'he may see' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object or goalδόξα: rendered 'glory' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseκύριος: rendered 'of the Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
11
κύριε ὑψηλός σου ὁ βραχίων καὶ οὐκ ᾔδεισαν γνόντες δὲ αἰσχυνθήσονται ζῆλος λήμψεται λαὸν ἀπαίδευτον καὶ νῦν πῦρ τοὺς ὑπεναντίους ἔδεται
O Lord, your arm is exalted, and they did not know it; but when they know, they will be ashamed. Zeal will seize an untrained people, and now fire shall devour the adversaries.
The verse announces the eventual recognition and shame of those who ignored the Lord’s raised arm, ending with fiery judgment on his foes.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὑψηλόςhighA1 NSM · ὑψηλόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὑψηλός: rendered 'high' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
βραχίωνarmN3N NSM · βραχίωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionβραχίων: rendered 'arm' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ᾔδεισανthey knewVY YAI3P · οἶδαverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaοἶδα: verbal form rendered 'they knew' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
γνόντεςhaving knownVZ · ααπνπμ γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaααπνπμ γιγνώσκω: verbal form rendered 'having known' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
δὲbutX · δέfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationδέ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
αἰσχυνθήσονταιthey will be ashamedVC FPI3P · αἰσχύνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardαἰσχύνω: verbal form rendered 'they will be ashamed' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ζῆλοςzealN2 NSM · ζῆλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionζῆλος: rendered 'zeal' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
λήμψεταιwill seizeVF FMI3S · λαμβάνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardλαμβάνω: verbal form rendered 'will seize' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalλαός: rendered 'people' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπαίδευτονuntaughtA1B ASM · ἀπαίδευτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἀπαίδευτος: rendered 'untaught' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
νῦνnowD · νῦνadverb shaping the clause or phraseνῦν: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπῦρ: rendered 'fire' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὑπεναντίουςadversariesA1A APM · ὑπεναντίοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὑπεναντίος: rendered 'adversaries' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἔδεταιwill devourVF FMI3S · ἐσθίωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἐσθίω: verbal form rendered 'will devour' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
12
κύριε ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν εἰρήνην δὸς ἡμῖν πάντα γὰρ ἀπέδωκας ἡμῖν
O Lord our God, give us peace, for you have repaid all things to us.
After describing judgment, the community asks positively for peace from the God who has already acted on its behalf.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA VSM · ὁvocative element used in direct addressὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεὸςθεόςN2 VSM · θεόςvocative element used in direct addressθεός: rendered 'θεός' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'our' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εἰρήνηνpeaceN1 ASF · εἰρήνηaccusative element functioning as object or goalεἰρήνη: rendered 'peace' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actδίδωμι: verbal form rendered 'give' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡμῖνusRP DP · ἐγώdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἐγώ: rendered 'us' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πάνταall thingsA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: rendered 'all things' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
ἀπέδωκαςyou repaidVAI AAI2S · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeδίδωμι + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'you repaid' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡμῖνusRP DP · ἐγώdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἐγώ: rendered 'us' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
13
κύριε ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν κτῆσαι ἡμᾶς κύριε ἐκτὸς σοῦ ἄλλον οὐκ οἴδαμεν τὸ ὄνομά σου ὀνομάζομεν
O Lord our God, possess us; apart from you we know no other, and we call upon your name.
The prayer becomes covenantal confession: the people belong to the Lord alone and reject rival masters.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὁtheRA VSM · ὁvocative element used in direct addressὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θεὸςθεόςN2 VSM · θεόςvocative element used in direct addressθεός: rendered 'θεός' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'our' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κτῆσαιpossessVA AMD2S · κτάομαιmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actκτάομαι: to acquire or possess; in prayer the people ask the Lord to take possession of them as his own.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώaccusative element functioning as object or goalἐγώ: rendered 'us' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκτὸςapart fromP · ἐκτόςpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐκτός: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἄλλονanotherRD ASM · ἄλλοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalἄλλος: rendered 'another' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
οἴδαμενwe knowVX XAI1P · οἶδαverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaοἶδα: verbal form rendered 'we know' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object or goalὄνομα: rendered 'name' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀνομάζομενwe call onV1 PAI1P · ὀνομάζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ present verbal form depicting ongoing or characteristic actionὀνομάζω: verbal form rendered 'we call on' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
14
οἱ δὲ νεκροὶ ζωὴν οὐ μὴ ἴδωσιν οὐδὲ ἰατροὶ οὐ μὴ ἀναστήσωσιν διὰ τοῦτο ἐπήγαγες καὶ ἀπώλεσας καὶ ἦρας πᾶν ἄρσεν αὐτῶν
But the dead shall by no means see life, nor shall physicians raise them up; therefore you brought this upon them and destroyed them, and you removed every male of them.
Former powers are described as irretrievably dead, with their restoration and lineage cut off by divine judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δὲbutX · δέfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationδέ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
νεκροὶdeadN2 NPM · νεκρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionνεκρός: rendered 'dead' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ζωὴνlifeN1 ASF · ζωήaccusative element functioning as object or goalζωή: rendered 'life' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
οὐnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
μὴnotD · μήadverb shaping the clause or phraseμή: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἴδωσινthey may seeVB AAS3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionὁράω: verbal form rendered 'they may see' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέconnective linking words or clausesοὐδέ: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἰατροὶphysiciansN2 NPM · ἰατρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionἰατροί: physicians or healers; their inability to raise the dead heightens the finality of judgment in contrast to the resurrection promise of verse 19.
οὐnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
μὴnotD · μήadverb shaping the clause or phraseμή: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀναστήσωσινraise upVA AAS3P · ἵστημι + ἀναverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionἵστημι + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'raise up' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
διὰbecause ofP · διάpreposition introducing a phrase relationδιά: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalοὗτος: rendered 'this' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπήγαγεςyou brought onVBI AAI2S · ἄγω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeἄγω + ἐπι: verbal form rendered 'you brought on' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀπώλεσαςyou destroyedVAI AAI2S · ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeὀλλύω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'you destroyed' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἦραςyou removedVAI AAI2S · αἴρωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeαἴρω: verbal form rendered 'you removed' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
πᾶνeveryA3 ASM · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goalπᾶς: rendered 'every' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἄρσενmaleA3 ASN · ἄρσηνaccusative element functioning as object or goalἄρσην: rendered 'male' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseαὐτός: rendered 'their' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
15
πρόσθες αὐτοῖς κακά κύριε πρόσθες κακὰ πᾶσιν τοῖς ἐνδόξοις τῆς γῆς
Add evils to them, O Lord; add evils to all the glorious ones of the earth.
The prayer intensifies into an appeal that judgment fall even on the earth’s honored and self-exalting figures.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
πρόσθεςaddVE AAD2S · τίθημι + προςmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actτίθημι + προς: verbal form rendered 'add' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
αὐτοῖςto themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationαὐτός: rendered 'to them' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κακάevilsA1 APN · κακόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκακός: rendered 'evils' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πρόσθεςaddVE AAD2S · τίθημι + προςmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actτίθημι + προς: verbal form rendered 'add' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
κακὰevilsA1 APN · κακόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalκακός: rendered 'evils' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πᾶσινallA3 DPM · πᾶςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationπᾶς: rendered 'all' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'to the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνδόξοιςglorious onesA1B DPM · ἔνδοξοςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἔνδοξος: rendered 'glorious ones' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
16
κύριε ἐν θλίψει ἐμνήσθην σου ἐν θλίψει μικρᾷ ἡ παιδεία σου ἡμῖν
O Lord, in affliction I remembered you; in slight affliction your discipline was ours.
Suffering is reinterpreted as chastening that turned the people back toward the Lord in recollection.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
θλίψειafflictionN3I DSF · θλῖψιςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationθλῖψις: rendered 'affliction' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐμνήσθηνI rememberedVSI API1S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaμιμνήσκω: verbal form rendered 'I remembered' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
θλίψειafflictionN3I DSF · θλῖψιςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationθλῖψις: rendered 'affliction' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μικρᾷsmallA1A DSF · μικρόςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationμικρός: rendered 'small' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
παιδείαdisciplineN1A NSF · παιδείαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπαιδεία: rendered 'discipline' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡμῖνusRP DP · ἐγώdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἐγώ: rendered 'us' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
17
καὶ ὡς ἡ ὠδίνουσα ἐγγίζει τοῦ τεκεῖν καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ ὠδῖνι αὐτῆς ἐκέκραξεν οὕτως ἐγενήθημεν τῷ ἀγαπητῷ σου διὰ τὸν φόβον σου κύριε
And as a woman in labor draws near to give birth and cries out in her pain, so we became to your beloved because of your fear, O Lord.
The community likens its distress to labor pains, framing its condition as anguished expectancy under the Lord’s fear.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ὡςasD · ὡςadverb shaping the clause or phraseὡς: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὠδίνουσαwoman in laborV1 · παπνσφ ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνσφ ὠδίνω: verbal form rendered 'woman in labor' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐγγίζειdraws nearV1 PAI3S · ἐγγίζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ present verbal form depicting ongoing or characteristic actionἐγγίζω: verbal form rendered 'draws near' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τοῦof theRA GSN · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τεκεῖνto give birthVB AAN · τίκτωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaτίκτω: verbal form rendered 'to give birth' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῇon theRA DSF · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'on the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὠδῖνιlabor painN3 DSF · ὠδίνdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὠδίν: rendered 'labor pain' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseαὐτός: rendered 'her' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐκέκραξενcried outVAI AAI3S · κράζωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeκράζω: verbal form rendered 'cried out' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὕτως: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐγενήθημενwe becameVCI API1P · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaγίγνομαι: verbal form rendered 'we became' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀγαπητῷbelovedA1 DSM · ἀγαπητόςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationἀγαπητός: rendered 'beloved' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
διὰbecause ofP · διάpreposition introducing a phrase relationδιά: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
φόβονfearN2 ASM · φόβοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalφόβος: rendered 'fear' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative element used in direct addressκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
18
ἐν γαστρὶ ἐλάβομεν καὶ ὠδινήσαμεν καὶ ἐτέκομεν πνεῦμα σωτηρίας σου ἐποιήσαμεν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἀλλὰ πεσοῦνται οἱ ἐνοικοῦντες ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
In the womb we conceived and labored and gave birth to the spirit of your salvation which we worked upon the earth, but those dwelling on the earth shall fall.
Human striving is described with birth imagery, yet the outcome turns toward the collapse of earth’s inhabitants rather than triumphant self-achievement.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
γαστρὶwombN3 DSF · γαστήρdative complement marking reference, means, or locationγαστήρ: rendered 'womb' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐλάβομενwe conceivedVBI AAI1P · λαμβάνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeλαμβάνω: verbal form rendered 'we conceived' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ὠδινήσαμενwe laboredVAI AAI1P · ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeὠδίνω: verbal form rendered 'we labored' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐτέκομενwe gave birthVBI AAI1P · τίκτωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeτίκτω: verbal form rendered 'we gave birth' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
πνεῦμαspiritN3M ASN · πνεῦμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalπνεῦμα: rendered 'spirit' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σωτηρίαςof salvationN1A GSF · σωτηρίαgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσωτηρία: rendered 'of salvation' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐποιήσαμενwe wroughtVAI AAI1P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ aorist indicative presenting the action as a completed wholeποιέω: verbal form rendered 'we wrought' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconnective linking words or clausesἀλλά: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
πεσοῦνταιthey will fallVF FAI3P · πίπτωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardπίπτω: verbal form rendered 'they will fall' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνοικοῦντεςthose dwellingV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + ἐνverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπνπμ οἰκέω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'those dwelling' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
19
ἀναστήσονται οἱ νεκροί καὶ ἐγερθήσονται οἱ ἐν τοῖς μνημείοις καὶ εὐφρανθήσονται οἱ ἐν τῇ γῇ ἡ γὰρ δρόσος ἡ παρὰ σοῦ ἴαμα αὐτοῖς ἐστιν ἡ δὲ γῆ τῶν ἀσεβῶν πεσεῖται
The dead shall rise, and those in the tombs shall be raised, and those in the earth shall rejoice; for the dew from you is healing for them, but the land of the ungodly shall fall.
The oracle answers affliction with resurrection and healing dew, while retaining a final distinction between the righteous and the ungodly land.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
ἀναστήσονταιthey will riseVF FMI3P · ἵστημι + ἀναverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἵστημι + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'they will rise' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
νεκροίdeadN2 NPM · νεκρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionνεκρός: rendered 'dead' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἐγερθήσονταιthey will be raisedVC FPI3P · ἐγείρωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἐγείρω: verbal form rendered 'they will be raised' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'to the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μνημείοιςtombsN2N DPN · μνημεῖονdative complement marking reference, means, or locationμνημεῖον: rendered 'tombs' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
εὐφρανθήσονταιthey will rejoiceVC FPI3P · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardεὐφραίνω: verbal form rendered 'they will rejoice' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐν: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῇon theRA DSF · ὁdative complement marking reference, means, or locationὁ: rendered 'on the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῇearthN1 DSF · γῆdative complement marking reference, means, or locationγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
δρόσοςdewN2 NSF · δρόσοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionδρόσος: rendered 'dew' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
παρὰfrom besideP · παράpreposition introducing a phrase relationπαρά: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'you' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἴαμαhealingN3M NSN · ἴαμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionἴαμα: rendered 'healing' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτοῖςto themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative complement marking reference, means, or locationαὐτός: rendered 'to them' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ present verbal form depicting ongoing or characteristic actionεἰμί: verbal form rendered 'is' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
δὲbutX · δέfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationδέ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
γῆlandN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionγῆ: rendered 'land' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀσεβῶνungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἀσεβής: rendered 'ungodly' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
πεσεῖταιwill fallVF FMI3S · πίπτωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardπίπτω: verbal form rendered 'will fall' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
20
βάδιζε λαός μου εἴσελθε εἰς τὰ ταμίειά σου ἀπόκλεισον τὴν θύραν σου ἀποκρύβηθι μικρὸν ὅσον ὅσον ἕως ἂν παρέλθῃ ἡ ὀργὴ κυρίου
Go, my people, enter into your chambers; shut your door; hide yourself for a little, a very little, until the wrath of the Lord passes by.
The people are told to seek sheltered patience for the brief duration of divine wrath.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
βάδιζεgoV1 PAD2S · βαδίζωmain verb issuing command or summonsβαδίζω: verbal form rendered 'go' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
λαόςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionλαός: rendered 'people' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἐγώ: rendered 'my' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
εἴσελθεenterVB AAD2S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actἔρχομαι + εἰς: verbal form rendered 'enter' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing a phrase relationεἰς: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ταμίειάchambersN2N APN · ταμιεῖονaccusative element functioning as object or goalταμιεῖον: inner chamber or storeroom; the command to enter these rooms evokes brief, protected concealment during wrath.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπόκλεισονshutVA AAD2S · κλείω + ἀποmain verb issuing command or summons→ imperative force directing the hearer to actκλείω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'shut' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
θύρανdoorN1A ASF · θύραaccusative element functioning as object or goalθύρα: rendered 'door' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseσύ: rendered 'your' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀποκρύβηθιhide yourselfVC APD2S · κρύπτω + ἀποverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaκρύπτω + ἀπο: verbal form rendered 'hide yourself' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
μικρὸνa littleA1A ASM · μικρόςaccusative element functioning as object or goalμικρός: rendered 'a little' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὅσονfor as much asA1 ASM · ὅσοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅσος: rendered 'for as much as' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὅσονfor as much asA1 ASM · ὅσοςaccusative element functioning as object or goalὅσος: rendered 'for as much as' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἕωςas far asP · ἕωςpreposition introducing a phrase relationἕως: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἂνuntilX · ἄνfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationἄν: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
παρέλθῃpasses byVB AAS3S · ἔρχομαι + παραverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ subjunctive or optative force expressing wish, purpose, or projected actionἔρχομαι + παρα: verbal form rendered 'passes by' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀργὴwrathN1 NSF · ὀργήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὀργή: rendered 'wrath' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseκύριος: rendered 'of the Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
21
ἰδοὺ γὰρ κύριος ἀπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου ἐπάγει τὴν ὀργὴν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐνοικοῦντας ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἀνακαλύψει ἡ γῆ τὸ αἷμα αὐτῆς καὶ οὐ κατακαλύψει τοὺς ἀνῃρημένους
For behold, the Lord from the holy place brings wrath upon those dwelling on the earth, and the earth will uncover its blood and will no longer cover the slain.
The chapter closes with a universal exposure scene in which bloodshed can no longer be hidden when the Lord comes in wrath.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούdeictic particle drawing attentionἰδού: particle or interjection drawing attention within this oracle.
γὰρforX · γάρfunction word shaping the local clause or phrase relationγάρ: lexical item functioning here as function word shaping the local clause or phrase relation.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionκύριος: rendered 'Lord' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing a phrase relationἀπό: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοῦof theRA GSM · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'of the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἁγίουholy placeA1A GSM · ἅγιοςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseἅγιος: rendered 'holy place' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπάγειbringsV1 PAI3S · ἄγω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ present verbal form depicting ongoing or characteristic actionἄγω + ἐπι: verbal form rendered 'brings' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ὀργὴνwrathN1 ASF · ὀργήaccusative element functioning as object or goalὀργή: rendered 'wrath' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἐνοικοῦνταςthose dwellingV2 · παπαπμ οἰκέω + ἐνverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaπαπαπμ οἰκέω + ἐν: verbal form rendered 'those dwelling' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing a phrase relationἐπί: preposition shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseγῆ: rendered 'earth' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
ἀνακαλύψειwill uncoverVF FAI3S · καλύπτω + ἀναverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardκαλύπτω + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'will uncover' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
γῆlandN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionγῆ: rendered 'land' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αἷμαbloodN3M ASN · αἷμαaccusative element functioning as object or goalαἷμα: rendered 'blood' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςgenitival modifier within the phrase or clauseαὐτός: rendered 'her' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking words or clausesκαί: conjunction shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
οὐnotD · οὐadverb shaping the clause or phraseοὐ: adverb shaping the local clause or phrase relation in this oracle.
κατακαλύψειwill cover upVF FAI3S · καλύπτω + καταverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardκαλύπτω + κατα: verbal form rendered 'will cover up' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁaccusative element functioning as object or goalὁ: rendered 'the' here; lexical item interpreted within this chapter's immediate context.
ἀνῃρημένουςthe slainVM · χμπαπμ αἱρέω + ἀναverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal ideaχμπαπμ αἱρέω + ἀνα: verbal form rendered 'the slain' here, contributing the chapter's action, state, or process.