1
τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἐπάξει ὁ θεὸς τὴν μάχαιραν τὴν ἁγίαν καὶ τὴν μεγάλην καὶ τὴν ἰσχυρὰν ἐπὶ τὸν δράκοντα ὄφιν φεύγοντα ἐπὶ τὸν δράκοντα ὄφιν σκολιὸν καὶ ἀνελεῖ τὸν δράκοντα
On that day God will bring his holy and great and strong sword against the dragon, the fleeing serpent, against the dragon, the crooked serpent, and he will slay the dragon.
The chapter opens with a day-of-the-Lord scene in which God himself advances against the mythic dragon. The repeated serpent imagery frames the enemy as both evasive and twisted before the final act of slaying.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseἐκεῖνος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'that' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἐπάξειwill bringVF FAI3S · ἄγω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeἄγω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'will bring' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseθεός: lexical item rendered 'God' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
μάχαιρανswordN1A ASF · μάχαιραaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementμάχαιρα: lexical item rendered 'sword' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἁγίανholyA1A ASF · ἅγιοςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementἅγιος: lexical item rendered 'holy' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
μεγάληνgreatA1 ASF · μέγαςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementμέγας: lexical item rendered 'great' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἰσχυρὰνstrongA1A ASF · ἰσχυρόςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementἰσχυρός: lexical item rendered 'strong' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: preposition rendered 'upon' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
δράκονταdragonN3 ASM · δράκωνaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementδράκων: lexical item rendered 'dragon' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὄφινtheN3I ASM · ὄφιςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementὄφις: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
φεύγονταfleeingV1 · παπασμ φεύγωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπαπασμ φεύγω: verbal lexeme rendered 'fleeing' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: preposition rendered 'upon' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
δράκονταdragonN3 ASM · δράκωνaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementδράκων: lexical item rendered 'dragon' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὄφινtheN3I ASM · ὄφιςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementὄφις: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
σκολιὸνtheA1A ASM · σκολιόςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementσκολιός: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἀνελεῖdestroyVF2 FAI3S · αἱρέω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeαἱρέω + ἀνα: verbal lexeme rendered 'destroy' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
δράκονταdragonN3 ASM · δράκωνaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementδράκων: lexical item rendered 'dragon' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
2
τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἀμπελὼν καλός ἐπιθύμημα ἐξάρχειν κατ' αὐτῆς
On that day there will be a fair vineyard, a desirable one; begin the song over her.
After the dragon's defeat the oracle turns to the image of a beautiful vineyard. The imperative-like closing phrase invites a song or responsorial address over the restored vine.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseἐκεῖνος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'that' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἀμπελὼνvineyardN3W NSM · ἀμπελώνnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseἀμπελών: lexical item rendered 'vineyard' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καλόςtermA1 NSM · καλόςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseκαλός: lexical item rendered 'term' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐπιθύμημαtheN3M ASN · ἐπιθύμημαaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementἐπιθύμημα: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐξάρχεινbegin the songV1 PAN · ἄρχω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseἄρχω + ἐκ: verbal lexeme rendered 'begin the song' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
κατ'againstP · κατάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατά: preposition rendered 'against' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'its' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
3
ἐγὼ πόλις ἰσχυρά πόλις πολιορκουμένη μάτην ποτιῶ αὐτήν ἁλώσεται γὰρ νυκτός ἡμέρας δὲ πεσεῖται τὸ τεῖχος
I am a strong city, a city under siege; in vain will I water it, for by night it will be taken, and by day the wall will fall.
The Septuagint unexpectedly voices the image in terms of a strong besieged city rather than staying only with vineyard language. The verse blends care, futility, capture, and collapsing walls into a tense picture of vulnerable protection.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseἐγώ: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'I' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseπόλις: lexical item rendered 'city' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἰσχυράstrongA1A NSF · ἰσχυρόςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseἰσχυρός: lexical item rendered 'strong' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseπόλις: lexical item rendered 'city' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
πολιορκουμένηπμπνσφ πολιορκέωV2 · πμπνσφ πολιορκέωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπμπνσφ πολιορκέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'πμπνσφ πολιορκέω' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
μάτηνin vainD · μάτηνindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationμάτην: lexical item rendered 'in vain' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ποτιῶwaterVF2 FAI1S · ποτίζωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeποτίζω: verbal lexeme rendered 'water' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτήνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'it' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἁλώσεταιἁλίσκωVF FMI3S · ἁλίσκωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ futureἁλίσκω: verbal lexeme rendered 'ἁλίσκω' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argumentγάρ: lexical item rendered 'for' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
νυκτόςnightN3 GSF · νύξgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationνύξ: lexical item rendered 'night' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἡμέραςdayN1A GSF · ἡμέραgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
δὲbutX · δέconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argumentδέ: lexical item rendered 'but' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
πεσεῖταιfallVF FMI3S · πίπτωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future middle indicativeπίπτω: verbal lexeme rendered 'fall' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
τεῖχοςwallN3E NSN · τεῖχοςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseτεῖχος: lexical item rendered 'wall' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
4
οὐκ ἔστιν ἣ οὐκ ἐπελάβετο αὐτῆς τίς με θήσει φυλάσσειν καλάμην ἐν ἀγρῷ διὰ τὴν πολεμίαν ταύτην ἠθέτηκα αὐτήν τοίνυν διὰ τοῦτο ἐποίησεν κύριος ὁ θεὸς πάντα ὅσα συνέταξεν κατακέκαυμαι
There is no one who has not laid hold of her. Who will set me to guard stubble in a field? Because of this warfare I have rejected her; therefore the Lord God did everything that he appointed; I am burned up.
The speaker reflects on unavoidable seizure and refuses the absurd task of guarding dry stubble in open country. The verse grounds the city's burning in divinely ordered judgment amid hostile conflict.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
οὐκnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'there is' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἣwhichRR NSF · ὅςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseὅς: lexical item rendered 'which' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
οὐκnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐπελάβετοhe took hold ofVBI AMI3S · λαμβάνω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist middle indicativeλαμβάνω + ἐπι: verbal lexeme rendered 'he took hold of' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'its' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseτίς: lexical item rendered 'who / what' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseἐγώ: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'me' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
θήσειτίθημιVF FAI3S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeτίθημι: verbal lexeme rendered 'τίθημι' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
φυλάσσεινto keepV1 PAN · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseφυλάσσω: verbal lexeme rendered 'to keep' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
καλάμηνtheN1 ASF · καλάμηaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementκαλάμη: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
ἀγρῷfieldN2 DSM · ἀγρόςdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceἀγρός: lexical item rendered 'field' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: preposition rendered 'through' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
πολεμίανtheA1A ASF · πολέμιοςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementπολέμιος: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ταύτηνthisRD ASF · οὗτοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseοὗτος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'this' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἠθέτηκαrejectedVXI XAI1S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseτίθημι: verbal lexeme rendered 'rejected' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτήνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'it' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
τοίνυνthereforeX · τοίνυνconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argumentτοίνυν: lexical item rendered 'therefore' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: preposition rendered 'through' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseοὗτος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'this' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeποιέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'did' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseθεός: lexical item rendered 'God' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὅσαas much asA1 APN · ὅσοςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementὅσος: lexical item rendered 'as much as' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
συνέταξενcommandedVAI AAI3S · τάσσω + συνverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist active indicativeτάσσω + συν: verbal lexeme rendered 'commanded' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
κατακέκαυμαιam burned upVM XMI1S · καίω + καταverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseκαίω + κατα: verbal lexeme rendered 'am burned up' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
5
βοήσονται οἱ ἐνοικοῦντες ἐν αὐτῇ ποιήσωμεν εἰρήνην αὐτῷ ποιήσωμεν εἰρήνην
Those who dwell in her will cry out, 'Let us make peace with him; let us make peace.'
The inhabitants respond to the pressure of judgment by pleading for peace with God. The doubled refrain makes reconciliation the only stable answer to the preceding devastation.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
βοήσονταιcry outVF FMI3P · βοάωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future middle indicativeβοάω: verbal lexeme rendered 'cry out' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἐνοικοῦντεςdwellingV2 · παπνπμ οἰκέω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπαπνπμ οἰκέω + ἐν: verbal lexeme rendered 'dwelling' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'it' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ποιήσωμενlet us makeVA AAS1P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ constative aorist (single act of altar-building)ποιέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'let us make' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
εἰρήνηνpeaceN1 ASF · εἰρήνηaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementεἰρήνη: lexical item rendered 'peace' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'to him' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ποιήσωμενlet us makeVA AAS1P · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ constative aorist (single act of altar-building)ποιέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'let us make' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
εἰρήνηνpeaceN1 ASF · εἰρήνηaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementεἰρήνη: lexical item rendered 'peace' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
6
οἱ ἐρχόμενοι τέκνα Ιακωβ βλαστήσει καὶ ἐξανθήσει Ισραηλ καὶ ἐμπλησθήσεται ἡ οἰκουμένη τοῦ καρποῦ αὐτοῦ
Those who are coming are the children of Jacob; Israel will bud and blossom, and the inhabited world will be filled with his fruit.
Restoration now widens beyond survival. Jacob's descendants become the means by which Israel flowers again and the whole world is filled with fruit.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἐρχόμενοιcome / goV1 · πμπνπμ ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπμπνπμ ἔρχομαι: verbal lexeme rendered 'come / go' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τέκναchildN2N NPN · τέκνονnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ΙακωβJacobN GSM · Ἰακώβindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationἸακώβ: lexical item rendered 'Jacob' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
βλαστήσειbudVF FAI3S · βλαστάνωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeβλαστάνω: verbal lexeme rendered 'bud' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐξανθήσειblossomVF FAI3S · ἵημι + ἐκ + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeἵημι + ἐκ + ἀντι: verbal lexeme rendered 'blossom' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ΙσραηλIsraelN NSM · Ἰσραήλindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationἸσραήλ: lexical item rendered 'Israel' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐμπλησθήσεταιbe filledVS FPI3S · πίμπλημι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future passive indicativeπίμπλημι + ἐν: verbal lexeme rendered 'be filled' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
οἰκουμένηinhabited worldV2 · πμπνσφ οἰκέωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπμπνσφ οἰκέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'inhabited world' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
καρποῦfruitN2 GSM · καρπόςgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationκαρπός: lexical item rendered 'fruit' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'his' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
7
μὴ ὡς αὐτὸς ἐπάταξεν καὶ αὐτὸς οὕτως πληγήσεται καὶ ὡς αὐτὸς ἀνεῖλεν οὕτως ἀναιρεθήσεται
Did he strike him as he himself struck? And will he be struck in the same way? As he slew, so will he be slain?
A sequence of rhetorical questions asks whether Jacob has suffered the same kind of blow dealt to his enemies. The logic pushes the hearer toward the conclusion that the Lord's punishment has been corrective rather than exterminating.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
μὴnotD · μήindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ prohibitive / negativeμή: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὡςasD · ὡςindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationὡς: lexical item rendered 'as' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'he' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἐπάταξενstruck / killedVAI AAI3S · πατάσσωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ constative aoristπατάσσω: verbal lexeme rendered 'struck / killed' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'he' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ adverbial nuanceοὕτως: lexical item rendered 'thus' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
πληγήσεταιbe struckVD FPI3S · πλήσσωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future passive indicativeπλήσσω: verbal lexeme rendered 'be struck' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὡςasD · ὡςindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationὡς: lexical item rendered 'as' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'he' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἀνεῖλενkilledVBI AAI3S · αἱρέω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ constative aorist of successful slayingαἱρέω + ἀνα: verbal lexeme rendered 'killed' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ adverbial nuanceοὕτως: lexical item rendered 'thus' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἀναιρεθήσεταιbe slainVC FPI3S · αἱρέω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future passive indicativeαἱρέω + ἀνα: verbal lexeme rendered 'be slain' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
8
μαχόμενος καὶ ὀνειδίζων ἐξαποστελεῖ αὐτούς οὐ σὺ ἦσθα ὁ μελετῶν τῷ πνεύματι τῷ σκληρῷ ἀνελεῖν αὐτοὺς πνεύματι θυμοῦ
While contending and reproaching, he will send them away. Was it not you who planned, with a harsh spirit, to destroy them in a spirit of wrath?
The verse portrays expulsion and rebuke, yet it still frames the action as limited contention rather than final annihilation. The harsh spirit language exposes the severity of judgment while keeping it within divine control.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
μαχόμενοςcontendingV1 · πμπνσμ μάχομαιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπμπνσμ μάχομαι: verbal lexeme rendered 'contending' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὀνειδίζωνreproachingV1 · παπνσμ ὀνειδίζωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπαπνσμ ὀνειδίζω: verbal lexeme rendered 'reproaching' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐξαποστελεῖsend awayVF2 FAI3S · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'send away' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'them' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ simple negationοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseσύ: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'you' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἦσθαyou wereV9 IAI2S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ imperfect active indicativeεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'you were' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
μελετῶνplanningV3 · παπνσμ μελετάωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπαπνσμ μελετάω: verbal lexeme rendered 'planning' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
πνεύματιspiritN3M DSN · πνεῦμαdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceπνεῦμα: lexical item rendered 'spirit' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
σκληρῷtoA1A DSN · σκληρόςdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceσκληρός: lexical item rendered 'to' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἀνελεῖνto killVB AAN · αἱρέω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseαἱρέω + ἀνα: verbal lexeme rendered 'to kill' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'them' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
πνεύματιspiritN3M DSN · πνεῦμαdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceπνεῦμα: lexical item rendered 'spirit' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
θυμοῦangerN2 GSM · θυμόςgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationθυμός: lexical item rendered 'anger' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
9
διὰ τοῦτο ἀφαιρεθήσεται ἡ ἀνομία Ιακωβ καὶ τοῦτό ἐστιν ἡ εὐλογία αὐτοῦ ὅταν ἀφέλωμαι αὐτοῦ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ὅταν θῶσιν πάντας τοὺς λίθους τῶν βωμῶν κατακεκομμένους ὡς κονίαν λεπτήν καὶ οὐ μὴ μείνῃ τὰ δένδρα αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ εἴδωλα αὐτῶν ἐκκεκομμένα ὥσπερ δρυμὸς μακράν
Therefore the lawlessness of Jacob will be taken away, and this is his blessing: when I remove his sin, when they make all the stones of the altars like pulverized lime, then their trees and their idols shall certainly not remain, cut down like a distant thicket.
The chapter names forgiveness directly and attaches it to the demolition of cultic stones. Sin's removal is inseparable from the destruction of idolatrous worship and its symbolic landscape.
Word-by-word analysis· 43 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: preposition rendered 'through' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseοὗτος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'this' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἀφαιρεθήσεταιshall be taken awayVC FPI3S · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future passive verbal form projecting a coming resultαἱρέω + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall be taken away' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἀνομίαlawlessnessN1A NSF · ἀνομίαnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseἀνομία: lexical item rendered 'lawlessness' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ΙακωβJacobN GSM · Ἰακώβindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationἸακώβ: lexical item rendered 'Jacob' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τοῦτόthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseοὗτος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'this' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'be' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
εὐλογίαblessingN1A NSF · εὐλογίαnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseεὐλογία: lexical item rendered 'blessing' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'his' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ὅτανwheneverD · ὅτανindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ indefinite temporal contingencyὅταν: lexical item rendered 'whenever' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἀφέλωμαιremoveVB AMS1S · αἱρέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist middle subjunctiveαἱρέω + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'remove' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'his' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἁμαρτίανsinN1A ASF · ἁμαρτίαaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementἁμαρτία: lexical item rendered 'sin' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὅτανwheneverD · ὅτανindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ indefinite temporal contingencyὅταν: lexical item rendered 'whenever' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
θῶσινmakeVE AAS3P · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist active subjunctiveτίθημι: verbal lexeme rendered 'make' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
πάνταςall / everyA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all / every' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
λίθουςstoneN2 APM · λίθοςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementλίθος: lexical item rendered 'stone' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
βωμῶνaltarN2 GPM · βωμόςgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationβωμός: lexical item rendered 'altar' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
κατακεκομμένουςpulverizedVP · χμπαπμ κόπτω + καταverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseχμπαπμ κόπτω + κατα: verbal lexeme rendered 'pulverized' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ὡςasD · ὡςindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationὡς: lexical item rendered 'as' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
κονίανtheN1A ASF · κονίαaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementκονία: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
λεπτήνtheA1 ASF · λεπτόςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementλεπτός: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
οὐnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ simple negationοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
μὴnotD · μήindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ prohibitive / negativeμή: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
μείνῃremainVA AAS3S · μένωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist active subjunctiveμένω: verbal lexeme rendered 'remain' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
δένδραtermN2N NPN · δένδρονnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseδένδρον: lexical item rendered 'term' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'their' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
εἴδωλαtermN2N NPN · εἴδωλονnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseεἴδωλον: lexical item rendered 'term' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'their' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
ἐκκεκομμέναcut downVP · χμπαπν κόπτω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseχμπαπν κόπτω + ἐκ: verbal lexeme rendered 'cut down' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ὥσπερjust asD · ὥσπερindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationὥσπερ: lexical item rendered 'just as' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
δρυμὸςforest / thicketN2 NSM · δρυμόςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseδρυμός: lexical item rendered 'forest / thicket' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
μακράνfarD · μακράνindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationμακράν: lexical item rendered 'far' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
10
τὸ κατοικούμενον ποίμνιον ἀνειμένον ἔσται ὡς ποίμνιον καταλελειμμένον καὶ ἔσται πολὺν χρόνον εἰς βόσκημα καὶ ἐκεῖ ἀναπαύσονται
The inhabited flock will be left loose, like an abandoned flock, and for a long time it will be for pasture, and there they will rest.
The formerly settled place is pictured as a released, deserted flock. What was once inhabited becomes open grazing land marked by long desolation and rest.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
κατοικούμενονinhabitedV2 · πμπνσν οἰκέω + καταverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπμπνσν οἰκέω + κατα: verbal lexeme rendered 'inhabited' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ποίμνιονflockN2 NSN · ποίμνιονnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseποίμνιον: lexical item rendered 'flock' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἀνειμένονlet looseVM · χμπασμ ἵημι + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseχμπασμ ἵημι + ἀνα: verbal lexeme rendered 'let loose' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future force: points to action still aheadεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall be' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ὡςasD · ὡςindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationὡς: lexical item rendered 'as' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ποίμνιονflockN2 ASN · ποίμνιονaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementποίμνιον: lexical item rendered 'flock' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καταλελειμμένονabandonedVP · χμπασν λείπω + καταverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseχμπασν λείπω + κατα: verbal lexeme rendered 'abandoned' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future force: points to action still aheadεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall be' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
πολὺνmany / muchA1P ASM · πολύςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementπολύς: lexical item rendered 'many / much' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementχρόνος: lexical item rendered 'time' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: preposition rendered 'into' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
βόσκημαtheN3M ASN · βόσκημαaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementβόσκημα: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ adverbial nuanceἐκεῖ: lexical item rendered 'there' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἀναπαύσονταιrestVF FMI3P · παύω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future middle indicativeπαύω + ἀνα: verbal lexeme rendered 'rest' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
11
καὶ μετὰ χρόνον οὐκ ἔσται ἐν αὐτῇ πᾶν χλωρὸν διὰ τὸ ξηρανθῆναι γυναῖκες ἐρχόμεναι ἀπὸ θέας δεῦτε οὐ γὰρ λαός ἐστιν ἔχων σύνεσιν διὰ τοῦτο οὐ μὴ οἰκτιρήσῃ ὁ ποιήσας αὐτούς οὐδὲ ὁ πλάσας αὐτοὺς οὐ μὴ ἐλεήσῃ
And after a time there will be no green thing in it because it has dried up. Women coming from the spectacle say, 'Come,' for it is not a people having understanding; therefore the one who made them will certainly not pity them, and the one who formed them will certainly not show them mercy.
The scene of dryness gives way to a blunt theological verdict: this is a people without understanding. Because they refuse wisdom, maker and former withhold pity and mercy.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετά: preposition rendered 'with' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementχρόνος: lexical item rendered 'time' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
οὐκnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ adverbial nuanceοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future force: points to action still aheadεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall be' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'it' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
πᾶνall / everyA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all / every' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
χλωρὸνtheA1A ASN · χλωρόςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementχλωρός: lexical item rendered 'the' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: preposition rendered 'through' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ξηρανθῆναιto dry upVC APN · ξηραίνωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseξηραίνω: verbal lexeme rendered 'to dry up' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
γυναῖκεςwomanN3K NPF · γυνήnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseγυνή: lexical item rendered 'woman' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐρχόμεναιcomingV1 · πμπνπφ ἔρχομαιverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseπμπνπφ ἔρχομαι: verbal lexeme rendered 'coming' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπό: preposition rendered 'from' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
θέαςofN1A GSF · θεάgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationθεά: lexical item rendered 'of' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
δεῦτεtermD · δεῦτεindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationδεῦτε: lexical item rendered 'term' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
οὐnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ simple negationοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
γὰρforX · γάρconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argumentγάρ: lexical item rendered 'for' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
λαόςpeopleN2 NSM · λαόςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseλαός: lexical item rendered 'people' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'be' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἔχωνhavingV1 · παπνσμ ἔχωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ circumstantial present participleπαπνσμ ἔχω: verbal lexeme rendered 'having' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
σύνεσινunderstandingN3I ASF · σύνεσιςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementσύνεσις: lexical item rendered 'understanding' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιά: preposition rendered 'through' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseοὗτος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'this' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ simple negationοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
μὴnotD · μήindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ prohibitive / negativeμή: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
οἰκτιρήσῃpityVA AAS3S · οἰκτείρωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist active subjunctiveοἰκτείρω: verbal lexeme rendered 'pity' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ποιήσαςhaving doneVA · ααπνσμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseααπνσμ ποιέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'having done' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'them' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
οὐδὲnorC · οὐδέindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationοὐδέ: lexical item rendered 'nor' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
πλάσαςwho formedVA · ααπνσμ πλάσσωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseααπνσμ πλάσσω: verbal lexeme rendered 'who formed' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseαὐτός: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'them' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ simple negationοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
μὴnotD · μήindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relation→ prohibitive / negativeμή: lexical item rendered 'not' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐλεήσῃshow mercyVF AAS3S · ἐλεέωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ aorist active subjunctiveἐλεέω: verbal lexeme rendered 'show mercy' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
12
καὶ ἔσται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ συμφράξει κύριος ἀπὸ τῆς διώρυγος τοῦ ποταμοῦ ἕως Ῥινοκορούρων ὑμεῖς δὲ συναγάγετε τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ κατὰ ἕνα ἕνα
And it shall be in that day that the Lord will shut in the space from the channel of the River as far as Rhinocorura; but you, gather the sons of Israel one by one.
The geographic horizon stretches from the Euphrates region to the Egyptian frontier. Israel's return is not abstract but personal and counted, one by one.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future force: points to action still aheadεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall be' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseἐκεῖνος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'that' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
συμφράξειshut inVF FAI3S · φράσσω + συνverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeφράσσω + συν: verbal lexeme rendered 'shut in' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative nominal functioning as subject or predicate within the clauseκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπό: preposition rendered 'from' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
διώρυγοςofN3G GSF · διῶρυξgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationδιῶρυξ: lexical item rendered 'of' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ποταμοῦriverN2 GSM · ποταμόςgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationποταμός: lexical item rendered 'river' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: preposition rendered 'until' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
ῬινοκορούρωνRhinocoruraN · Ῥινοκοροῦραindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationῬινοκοροῦρα: lexical item rendered 'Rhinocorura' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseσύ: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'you' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argumentδέ: lexical item rendered 'but' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
συναγάγετεgather togetherVB AAD2P · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseἄγω + συν: verbal lexeme rendered 'gather together' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementυἱός: lexical item rendered 'sons' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationἸσραήλ: lexical item rendered 'Israel' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατά: preposition rendered 'according to' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
ἕναoneA3 ASM · εἷςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementεἷς: lexical item rendered 'one' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἕναoneA3 ASM · εἷςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementεἷς: lexical item rendered 'one' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
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καὶ ἔσται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ σαλπιοῦσιν τῇ σάλπιγγι τῇ μεγάλῃ καὶ ἥξουσιν οἱ ἀπολόμενοι ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ἀσσυρίων καὶ οἱ ἀπολόμενοι ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ προσκυνήσουσιν τῷ κυρίῳ ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸ ἅγιον ἐν Ιερουσαλημ
And it shall be in that day that they will blow the great trumpet, and those who were lost in the land of the Assyrians and those who were lost in Egypt shall come and worship the Lord on the holy mountain in Jerusalem.
The book section ends with trumpet-driven pilgrimage. The exiles from Assyria and Egypt are restored not merely to territory but to worship before the Lord in Jerusalem.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future force: points to action still aheadεἰμί: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall be' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceἡμέρα: lexical item rendered 'day' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronoun or determiner marking reference within the clauseἐκεῖνος: pronominal or demonstrative form rendered 'that' here, tracking reference or possession within the clause.
σαλπιοῦσινblowVF2 FAI3P · σαλπίζωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeσαλπίζω: verbal lexeme rendered 'blow' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
σάλπιγγιtrumpetN3G DSF · σάλπιγξdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceσάλπιγξ: lexical item rendered 'trumpet' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
μεγάλῃgreatA1 DSF · μέγαςdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceμέγας: lexical item rendered 'great' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἥξουσινshall comeVF FAI3P · ἥκωverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ futureἥκω: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall come' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἀπολόμενοιlostVB · αμπνπμ ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseαμπνπμ ὀλλύω + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'lost' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
χώρᾳcountryN1A DSF · χώραdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceχώρα: lexical item rendered 'country' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
Ἀσσυρίωνof the AssyriansN2 GPM · Ἀσσύριοςgenitive nominal qualifying another element or marking relationἈσσύριος: lexical item rendered 'of the Assyrians' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἀπολόμενοιlostVB · αμπνπμ ὀλλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clauseαμπνπμ ὀλλύω + ἀπο: verbal lexeme rendered 'lost' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
ΑἰγύπτῳαigyptoN2 DSF · Αἴγυπτοςdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceΑἴγυπτος: lexical item rendered 'αigypto' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking this clause to the surrounding argument→ coordinationκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
προσκυνήσουσινshall worshipVF FAI3P · κυνέω + προςverbal form carrying the action or dependent verbal sense of the clause→ future active indicativeκυνέω + προς: verbal lexeme rendered 'shall worship' here, carrying the immediate action or process of Isaiah 27.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative nominal marking sphere, instrument, recipient, or referenceκύριος: lexical item rendered 'LORD' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπί: preposition rendered 'upon' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ὄροςmountainN3E ASN · ὄροςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementὄρος: lexical item rendered 'mountain' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the substantive or phrase that followsὁ: Greek article marking the noun phrase it accompanies and signaling case, number, and gender in Isaiah 27.
ἅγιονholyA1A ASM · ἅγιοςaccusative nominal functioning as object or affected elementἅγιος: lexical item rendered 'holy' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition introducing and governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: preposition rendered 'in' here, specifying relation, direction, or sphere in Isaiah 27.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN DSF · Ἰερουσαλήμindeclinable element shaping the clause or phrase relationἸερουσαλήμ: lexical item rendered 'Jerusalem' here according to its local role in Isaiah 27.