1
διὰ Σιων οὐ σιωπήσομαι καὶ διὰ Ιερουσαλημ οὐκ ἀνήσω ἕως ἂν ἐξέλθῃ ὡς φῶς ἡ δικαιοσύνη μου τὸ δὲ σωτήριόν μου ὡς λαμπὰς καυθήσεται
For Zion’s sake I will not keep silent, and for Jerusalem’s sake I will not relax, until my righteousness goes forth like light and my salvation burns like a torch.
The speaker vows unceasing advocacy for Zion until her vindication becomes publicly visible. The paired images of light and a burning torch present righteousness and salvation as radiant, impossible to hide.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΣιωνZionN GSF · Σιωνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σιωπήσομαιbe silentVF FMI1S · σιωπάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσιωπάω: meaning 'be silent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνήσωrelaxVF FAI1S · ἵημι + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵημι + ἀνα: meaning 'relax'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςuntilC · ἕωςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἕως: meaning 'until'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξέλθῃwent outVB AAS3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'went out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὡςas / likeX · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
φῶςlightN3T ASN · φῶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηdikaiosyneN1 NSF · δικαιοσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'dikaiosyne'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σωτήριόνpeace offeringN2N NSN · σωτήριονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσωτήριον: meaning 'peace offering'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὡςas / likeX · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λαμπὰςtorchN3D NSF · λαμπάςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαμπάς: meaning 'torch'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καυθήσεταιwill burnVC FPI3S · καίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαίω: meaning 'will burn'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
2
καὶ ὄψονται ἔθνη τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου καὶ βασιλεῖς τὴν δόξαν σου καὶ καλέσει σε τὸ ὄνομά σου τὸ καινόν ὃ ὁ κύριος ὀνομάσει αὐτό
And nations shall see your righteousness, and kings your glory; and one shall call you by your new name, which the Lord will name.
Zion’s restoration becomes international spectacle: the nations and their kings recognize the city’s restored status. The promise of a new name marks a transformed identity bestowed by the Lord himself.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὄψονταιthey shall seeVF FMI3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὁράω: meaning 'they shall see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔθνηnationsN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βασιλεῖςkingN3V NPM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξανgloryN1S ASF · δόξαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καλέσειhe will callVF FAI3S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω: meaning 'he will call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομάnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καινόνnewA1 ASN · καινόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαινός: meaning 'new'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὃwhichRR ASN · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὀνομάσειwill nameVF2 FAI3S · ὀνομάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὀνομάζω: meaning 'will name'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτό: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
καὶ ἔσῃ στέφανος κάλλους ἐν χειρὶ κυρίου καὶ διάδημα βασιλείας ἐν χειρὶ θεοῦ σου
And you shall be a crown of beauty in the hand of the Lord, and a royal diadem in the hand of your God.
The city is recast as royal regalia held in God’s hand. The imagery emphasizes value, beauty, and the Lord’s personal possession of restored Zion.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσῃyou shall beVF FMI2S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'you shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
στέφανοςcrownN2 NSM · στέφανοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceστέφανος: meaning 'crown'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κάλλουςbeautyN3E GSN · κάλλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκάλλος: meaning 'beauty'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διάδημαdiademN3M NSN · διάδημαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδιάδημα: meaning 'diadem'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βασιλείαςkingdomN1A GSF · βασιλείαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβασιλεία: meaning 'kingdom'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
4
καὶ οὐκέτι κληθήσῃ καταλελειμμένη καὶ ἡ γῆ σου οὐ κληθήσεται ἔρημος σοὶ γὰρ κληθήσεται θέλημα ἐμόν καὶ τῇ γῇ σου οἰκουμένη
And you shall no longer be called Forsaken, and your land shall no longer be called Deserted; for you shall be called My Delight, and your land Inhabited.
Former names of abandonment are replaced by names of delight and habitation. The change of designation signals the reversal of judgment and the renewal of covenant favor.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκέτιno longerD · οὐκέτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκέτι: meaning 'no longer'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κληθήσῃcallVC FPI2S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω: meaning 'call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καταλελειμμένηleft behindVP · χμπνσφ λείπω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπνσφ λείπω + κατα: meaning 'left behind'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆland / earthN1 NSF · γῆnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κληθήσεταιcallVC FPI3S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω: meaning 'call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔρημοςdesertedA1 NSF · ἔρημοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔρημος: meaning 'deserted'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σοὶyouRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοὶ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κληθήσεταιcallVC FPI3S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω: meaning 'call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θέλημαdelightN3M NSN · θέλημαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθέλημα: meaning 'delight'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐμόνmyA1 ASM · ἐμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐμός: meaning 'my'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῇlandN1 DSF · γῆdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἰκουμένηinhabitedV2 · πμπνσφ οἰκέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσφ οἰκέω: meaning 'inhabited'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
5
καὶ ὡς συνοικῶν νεανίσκος παρθένῳ οὕτως κατοικήσουσιν οἱ υἱοί σου μετὰ σοῦ καὶ ἔσται ὃν τρόπον εὐφρανθήσεται νυμφίος ἐπὶ νύμφῃ οὕτως εὐφρανθήσεται κύριος ἐπὶ σοί
And as a young man lives with a virgin, so shall your sons dwell with you; and as a bridegroom rejoices over a bride, so shall the Lord rejoice over you.
The restoration of Zion is expressed through nuptial imagery. Human marriage joy becomes an analogy for the Lord’s delighted presence with his renewed city.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςas / likeX · ὡςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνοικῶνdwelling withV2 · παπνσμ οἰκέω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ οἰκέω + συν: meaning 'dwelling with'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νεανίσκοςyoung manN2 NSM · νεανίσκοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνεανίσκος: meaning 'young man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παρθένῳvirginN2 DSF · παρθένοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπαρθένος: meaning 'virgin'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατοικήσουσινthey will inhabitVF FAI3P · οἰκέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureοἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'they will inhabit'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοίsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιshall beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'shall be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τρόπονmannerN2 ASM · τρόποςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτρόπος: meaning 'manner'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εὐφρανθήσεταιrejoiceVC FPI3S · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὐφραίνω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νυμφίοςbridegroomN2 NSM · νυμφίοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνυμφίος: meaning 'bridegroom'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
νύμφῃdaughter-in-lawN1 DSF · νύμφηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceνύμφη: meaning 'daughter-in-law'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οὕτωςthusD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'thus'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐφρανθήσεταιrejoiceVC FPI3S · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὐφραίνω: meaning 'rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σοίyourRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοί: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
6
καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν τειχέων σου Ιερουσαλημ κατέστησα φύλακας ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν καὶ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα οἳ διὰ τέλους οὐ σιωπήσονται μιμνῃσκόμενοι κυρίου
And upon your walls, Jerusalem, I have appointed watchmen; all day and all night they shall never be silent, remembering the Lord continually.
The city’s restoration is guarded and proclaimed by watchmen who maintain uninterrupted intercession. Their wakefulness signifies that Jerusalem’s vindication remains an active concern before God.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τειχέωνwallN3E GPN · τεῖχοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN VSF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
κατέστησαI appointedVAI AAI1S · ἵστημι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵστημι + κατα: meaning 'I appointed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φύλακαςwatchmenN3K APM · φύλαξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφύλαξ: meaning 'watchmen'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὅληνwholeA1 ASF · ὅλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅλος: meaning 'whole'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρανdayN1A ASF · ἡμέραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅληνwholeA1 ASF · ὅλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅλος: meaning 'whole'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νύκταnightN3 ASF · νύξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνύξ: meaning 'night'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τέλουςend / completionN3E GSN · τέλοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτέλος: meaning 'end'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σιωπήσονταιbe silentVF FMI3P · σιωπάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσιωπάω: meaning 'be silent'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μιμνῃσκόμενοιmaking mentionV1 · πμπνπμ μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνπμ μιμνήσκω: meaning 'making mention'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
7
οὐκ ἔστιν γὰρ ὑμῖν ὅμοιος ἐὰν διορθώσῃ καὶ ποιήσῃ Ιερουσαλημ ἀγαυρίαμα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
For there is no one like you, until he restores and makes Jerusalem a boast upon the earth.
The verse justifies unceasing appeal by directing attention to the Lord’s incomparable power to reestablish Jerusalem. The goal is not mere survival but a condition in which the city becomes an object of renown throughout the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμῖνto youRP DP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestὑμῖν: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὅμοιοςlikeA1A NSM · ὅμοιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὅμοιος: meaning 'like'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἐὰν: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διορθώσῃrestoresVA AAS3S · ὀρθόω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyὀρθόω + δια: meaning 'restores'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιήσῃdoVA AAS3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN ASF · Ἰερουσαλήμnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἀγαυρίαμαboastN3M ASN · ἀγαυρίαμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀγαυρίαμα: meaning 'boast'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
8
ὤμοσεν κύριος κατὰ τῆς δεξιᾶς αὐτοῦ καὶ κατὰ τῆς ἰσχύος τοῦ βραχίονος αὐτοῦ εἰ ἔτι δώσω τὸν σῖτόν σου καὶ τὰ βρώματά σου τοῖς ἐχθροῖς σου καὶ εἰ ἔτι πίονται υἱοὶ ἀλλότριοι τὸν οἶνόν σου ἐφ' ᾧ ἐμόχθησας
The Lord swore by his right hand and by the strength of his arm: I will no longer give your grain to your enemies, nor shall foreigners drink your wine for which you labored.
The oath formula guarantees the end of exploitative loss. Agricultural abundance, formerly consumed by enemies, will now remain with the people whose labor produced it.
Word-by-word analysis· 38 words
ὤμοσενsworeVAI AAI3S · ὄμνυμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὄμνυμι: meaning 'swore'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δεξιᾶςright handA1A GSF · δεξιόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδεξιός: meaning 'right hand'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχύοςarmy / forceN3U GSF · ἰσχύςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἰσχύς: meaning 'army'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βραχίονοςarmN3N GSM · βραχίωνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβραχίων: meaning 'arm'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰifC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἔτι: meaning 'still'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δώσωgiveVF FAI1S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σῖτόνgrainN2 ASM · σῖτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσῖτος: meaning 'grain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βρώματάproduceN3M APN · βρῶμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβρῶμα: meaning 'produce'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐχθροῖςenemiesN2 DPM · ἐχθρόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐχθρός: meaning 'enemies'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰifC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰ: meaning 'if'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἔτι: meaning 'still'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πίονταιwill drinkVF FMI3P · πίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίνω: meaning 'will drink'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀλλότριοιstrangers / foreignA1A NPM · ἀλλότριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀλλότριος: meaning 'strangers'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶνόνwineN2 ASM · οἶνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοἶνος: meaning 'wine'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ᾧwhichRR DSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestᾧ: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐμόχθησαςyou laboredVAI AAI2S · μοχθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristμοχθέω: meaning 'you labored'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
9
ἀλλ' ἢ οἱ συνάγοντες φάγονται αὐτὰ καὶ αἰνέσουσιν κύριον καὶ οἱ συνάγοντες πίονται αὐτὰ ἐν ταῖς ἐπαύλεσιν ταῖς ἁγίαις μου
But those who gather it shall eat it and praise the Lord, and those who harvest it shall drink it in my holy courts.
The contrast with the previous verse is sharp: what the people gather will now be theirs to enjoy before God. Harvest becomes liturgical abundance, joined to praise in sacred space.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συνάγοντεςgatheringV1 · παπνπμ ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἄγω + συν: meaning 'gathering'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φάγονταιeatsVF FMI3P · ἐσθίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐσθίω: meaning 'eats'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὰhe / him / hisRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὰ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἰνέσουσινpraiseVF FAI3P · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureαἰνέω: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συνάγοντεςgatheringV1 · παπνπμ ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἄγω + συν: meaning 'gathering'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πίονταιwill drinkVF FMI3P · πίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίνω: meaning 'will drink'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὰhe / him / hisRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὰ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπαύλεσινcourtsN3I DPF · ἔπαυλιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔπαυλις: meaning 'courts'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγίαιςholyA1A DPF · ἅγιοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
10
πορεύεσθε διὰ τῶν πυλῶν μου καὶ ὁδοποιήσατε τῷ λαῷ μου καὶ τοὺς λίθους τοὺς ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ διαρρίψατε ἐξάρατε σύσσημον εἰς τὰ ἔθνη
Go through my gates; make a road for my people. Throw the stones out of the road; raise up a signal for the nations.
The imperative sequence prepares access for the restored people and publicizes the event internationally. Clearing the road and lifting a banner frame salvation as an announced procession.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
πορεύεσθεgoV1 PMI2P · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processπορεύομαι: meaning 'go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πυλῶνgatesN1 GPF · πύληgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπύλη: meaning 'gates'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁδοποιήσατεmake a roadVA AAD2P · ὁδοποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁδοποιέω: meaning 'make a road'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαῷpeopleN2 DSM · λαόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λίθουςstoneN2 APM · λίθοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλίθος: meaning 'stone'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδοῦroadN2 GSF · ὁδόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὁδός: meaning 'road'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
διαρρίψατεthrow outVA AAD2P · ῥίπτω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateῥίπτω + δια: meaning 'throw out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐξάρατεraise upVA AAD2P · αἴρω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαἴρω + ἐκ: meaning 'raise up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σύσσημονsignalN2N ASN · σύσσημονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσύσσημον: meaning 'signal'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
11
ἰδοὺ γὰρ κύριος ἐποίησεν ἀκουστὸν ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς εἴπατε τῇ θυγατρὶ Σιων ἰδού σοι ὁ σωτὴρ παραγίνεται ἔχων τὸν ἑαυτοῦ μισθὸν καὶ τὸ ἔργον πρὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ
For behold, the Lord has made it heard to the end of the earth: say to the daughter of Zion, Behold, your savior comes, having his reward with him and his work before him.
The message is broadcast to the earth’s extremity and then focused directly on Zion. The coming savior brings both recompense and effective accomplishment, signaling the arrival of decisive deliverance.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδοὺ: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀκουστὸνheard / audibleA1 ASM · ἀκουστόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀκουστός: meaning 'heard'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἕωςuntilC · ἕωςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἕως: meaning 'until'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐσχάτουthe endA1 GSM · ἔσχατοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔσχατος: meaning 'the end'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἴπατεeiponVB AAD2P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεἶπον: meaning 'eipon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυγατρὶthygatriN3 DSF · θυγάτηρdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθυγάτηρ: meaning 'thygatri'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ΣιωνZionN GSF · Σιωνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant identificationΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἰδούbeholdI · ἰδούadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἰδού: meaning 'behold'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σωτὴρσωτήρN3 NSM · σωτήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσωτήρ: meaning 'σωτήρ'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παραγίνεταιcomesV1 PMI3S · γίγνομαι + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processγίγνομαι + παρα: meaning 'comes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔχωνhavingV1 · παπνσμ ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ ἔχω: meaning 'having'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἑαυτοῦ: meaning 'his own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μισθὸνrewardN2 ASM · μισθόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμισθός: meaning 'reward'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργονworkN2N ASN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'work'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πρὸbeforeP · πρόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸ: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
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καὶ καλέσει αὐτὸν λαὸν ἅγιον λελυτρωμένον ὑπὸ κυρίου σὺ δὲ κληθήσῃ ἐπιζητουμένη πόλις καὶ οὐκ ἐγκαταλελειμμένη
And one shall call him Holy People, Redeemed by the Lord; and you shall be called Sought Out City, and not Forsaken.
The chapter closes with public naming that confirms the people’s sanctified and redeemed identity. The city once marked by abandonment is now known as actively sought and never again deserted.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καλέσειhe will callVF FAI3S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω: meaning 'he will call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
λαὸνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἅγιονholyA1A ASM · ἅγιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λελυτρωμένονredeemedVM · χμπασμ λυτρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπασμ λυτρόω: meaning 'redeemed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σὺyouRP NS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κληθήσῃcallVC FPI2S · καλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαλέω: meaning 'call'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπιζητουμένηsought outV2 · πμπνσφ ζητέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσφ ζητέω + ἐπι: meaning 'sought out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγκαταλελειμμένηforsakenVP · χμπνσφ λείπω + ἐν + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπνσφ λείπω + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'forsaken'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.