independentparticipialrelativecausecontentconditionalphrase modifierdashed = verbless / suspended
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The frame 19:1
1
ὑπολαβὼν δὲ Ιωβparticipial — preposed participle — ὑπολαβών, the dialogue formula of Greek Job
λέγειindependent — historic present — λέγει frames the whole speech
How long will you weary me? 19:2–6
2
ἕως τίνος ἔγκοπον ποιήσετε ψυχήν μουindependent — ἕως τίνος — the retort opens on the friends' persistence
καὶ καθαιρεῖτε με λόγοιςindependent — καθαιρεῖτε — demolition language for mere λόγοι
3
γνῶτε μόνονindependent — γνῶτε μόνον — the imperative that governs the confession
ὅτι ὁ κύριος ἐποίησέ με οὕτωςcontent — the OG names ὁ κύριος outright where the Hebrew has Eloah
καταλαλεῖτέ μουindependent — καταλαλεῖτε — slander, the friends' speech reclassified
οὐκ αἰσχυνόμενοί μεparticipial — preposed participle — οὐκ αἰσχυνόμενοί με, leaning on the verb below
ἐπίκεισθέ μοιindependent — ἐπίκεισθε — the friends as besiegers, anticipating v. 6
4
ναὶ δὴ ἐπ' ἀληθείας ἐγὼ ἐπλανήθηνindependent — ναὶ δή — the concession made openly
παρ' ἐμοὶ δὲ αὐλίζεται πλάνοςindependent — αὐλίζεται πλάνος — my wandering is my own house-guest, not yours
λαλῆσαι ῥῆμαphrase modifier — epexegetic infinitive — the error defined as unfitting speech
ὃ οὐκ ἔδειrelative — ὃ οὐκ ἔδει — the OG moralizes the crux of the Hebrew v. 4
τὰ δὲ ῥήματά μου πλανᾶταιindependent — πλανᾶται — the πλάνη root doubled: the man and his words astray together
καὶ οὐκ ἐπὶ καιροῦindependent — verbless — οὐκ ἐπὶ καιροῦ, speech out of its right time
5
ἔα δὲindependent — ἔα δέ — the interjection of impatience
ὅτι ἐπ' ἐμοὶ μεγαλύνεσθεcontent — ὅτι-clause — the friends' self-magnification named
ἐνάλλεσθε δέ μοι ὀνείδειindependent — ἐνάλλεσθε — the pouncing verb; ὄνειδος, the strophe's keyword
6
γνῶτε οὖνindependent — γνῶτε οὖν — the imperative repeated from v. 3, now with the full charge
ὅτι ὁ κύριός ἐστιν ὁ ταράξαςcontent — ὁ ταράξας — articular participle: the Troubler identified
ὀχύρωμα δὲ αὐτοῦ ἐπ' ἐμὲ ὕψωσενcontent — ὀχύρωμα — the Hebrew's hunting-net becomes a Greek siege-work
The siege 19:7–12
7
ἰδοὺ γελῶ ὀνείδειindependent — the OG's startling turn — where the Hebrew cries 'Violence!', Greek Job laughs (γελῶ)
καὶ οὐ λαλήσωindependent — the silence of the mocked
κεκράξομαιindependent — κεκράξομαι — the future of κράζω; the cry breaks the silence at once
καὶ οὐδαμοῦ κρίμαindependent — verbless — οὐδαμοῦ κρίμα, the missing verdict
8
κύκλῳ περιῳκοδόμημαιindependent — περιῳκοδόμημαι — perfect passive: the wall already stands
καὶ οὐ μὴ διαβῶindependent — οὐ μή with subjunctive — the strongest possible denial
ἐπὶ πρόσωπόν μου σκότος ἔθετοindependent — darkness laid on the face itself, not merely the path
9
τὴν δὲ δόξαν ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ἐξέδυσενindependent — ἐξέδυσεν — the disrobing of honor
ἀφεῖλεν δὲ στέφανον ἀπὸ κεφαλῆς μουindependent — στέφανος — regalia removed; cf. the LXX of Lam 5:16
10
διέσπασέν με κύκλῳindependent — διέσπασεν — rending, stronger than the Hebrew's demolition
καὶ ᾠχόμηνindependent — ᾠχόμην — the imperfect of a life departing
ἐξέκοψεν δὲ ὥσπερ δένδρον τὴν ἐλπίδα μουindependent — ὥσπερ δένδρον — the bitter echo of 14:7's tree that has hope
11
δεινῶς δέ μοι ὀργῇ ἐχρήσατοindependent — δεινῶς — the adverb the OG adds to the burning
ἡγήσατο δέ με ὥσπερ ἐχθρόνindependent — ὥσπερ ἐχθρόν — cf. 13:24: 'why do you count me your enemy?'
12
ὁμοθυμαδὸν δὲ ἦλθον τὰ πειρατήρια αὐτοῦ ἐπ' ἐμοὶindependent — πειρατήρια — pirate-companies; the OG's vivid word for the Hebrew's troops
ταῖς ὁδοῖς μου ἐκύκλωσάν με ἐγκάθετοιindependent — ἐγκάθετοι — men planted in ambush; the siege of one man's roads
All flesh has abandoned me 19:13–20
13
ἀπ' ἐμοῦ δὲ ἀδελφοί μου ἀπέστησανindependent — ἀπέστησαν — the alienation catalogue opens
ἔγνωσαν ἀλλοτρίους ἢ ἐμέindependent — ἀλλοτρίους ἢ ἐμέ — kin preferring aliens
φίλοι δέ μου ἀνελεήμονες γεγόνασινindependent — ἀνελεήμονες — the friends' pity (the ἐλεήσατε Job will beg for in v. 21) already dead
14
οὐ προσεποιήσαντό με οἱ ἐγγύτατοί μουindependent — προσεποιήσαντο — they no longer claim me as theirs
καὶ οἱ εἰδότες μου τὸ ὄνομα ἐπελάθοντό μουindependent — the knowers of the name forgetting it — the OG's expansion of 'my familiar friends'
15
γείτονες οἰκίας θεράπαιναί τέ μουphrase modifier — casus pendens — the household flung forward before the verdict
ἀλλογενὴς ἤμην ἐναντίον αὐτῶνindependent — ἀλλογενής — the master an alien in his own house
16
θεράποντά μου ἐκάλεσαindependent — the social order inverted
καὶ οὐχ ὑπήκουσενindependent — οὐχ ὑπήκουσεν — the unanswered summons
στόμα δέ μου ἐδέετοindependent — ἐδέετο — imperfect: the begging goes on and on
17
καὶ ἱκέτευον τὴν γυναῖκά μουindependent — ἱκέτευον — the suppliant's verb, used of his own wife
προσεκαλούμην δὲ κολακεύων υἱοὺς παλλακίδων μουindependent — κολακεύων — flattering his own household for a hearing; the OG's expansion of the difficult Hebrew
18
οἱ δὲ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνά με ἀπεποιήσαντοindependent — εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα — the renunciation permanent
ὅταν ἀναστῶconditional — temporal ὅταν — leaning forward on the verb below
κατ' ἐμοῦ λαλοῦσινindependent — the elder mocked whenever he stands
19
ἐβδελύξαντο δέ με οἱ εἰδότες μεindependent — ἐβδελύξαντο — loathing from the knowers
οὓς δὴ ἠγαπήκεινrelative — preposed relative — οὓς δὴ ἠγαπήκειν, the pluperfect of a finished love; leaning forward
ἐπανέστησάν μοιindependent — ἐπανέστησαν — the beloved turned insurgents
20
ἐν δέρματί μου ἐσάπησαν αἱ σάρκες μουindependent — ἐσάπησαν — the OG reads decay where the Hebrew reads clinging bones
τὰ δὲ ὀστᾶ μου ἐν ὀδοῦσιν ἔχεταιindependent — the Greek's literal rendering of the skin-of-my-teeth crux — bones gripped ἐν ὀδοῦσιν
Pity me — and the everlasting Deliverer 19:21–27
21
ἐλεήσατέ μεindependent — ἐλεήσατε — the mercy the friends have lost (v. 13, ἀνελεήμονες)
ἐλεήσατέ με ὦ φίλοιindependent — the doubled imperative — the speech's emotional hinge
χεὶρ γὰρ κυρίου ἡ ἁψαμένη μού ἐστινcause — ἡ ἁψαμένη — articular participle: the touching hand identified as the Lord's
22
διὰ τί δέ με διώκετε ὥσπερ καὶ ὁ κύριοςindependent — ὥσπερ καὶ ὁ κύριος — the friends usurping God's role as hunter
ἀπὸ δὲ σαρκῶν μου οὐκ ἐμπίπλασθεindependent — slander as devouring — the idiom of eating a man piecemeal
23
τίς γὰρ ἂν δῴηindependent — τίς ἂν δῴη — the optative wish-formula for the Hebrew's מִי־יִתֵּן
γραφῆναι τὰ ῥήματά μουcontent — the wish's first step — γραφῆναι
τεθῆναι δὲ αὐτὰ ἐν βιβλίῳ εἰς τὸν αἰῶναcontent — εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα — the permanent record
24
ἐν γραφείῳ σιδηρῷ καὶ μολίβῳphrase modifier — instrumental phrase — stylus and lead inlay
ἢ ἐν πέτραις ἐγγλυφῆναιcontent — ἐγγλυφῆναι — the wish's climax: from book to rock-cut inscription
25
οἶδα γὰρindependent — οἶδα γάρ — the certainty that outbids the monument
ὅτι ἀέναός ἐστιν ὁ ἐκλύειν με μέλλων ἐπὶ γῆςcontent — the OG's reading of the Redeemer verse: ἀέναος, 'ever-flowing, eternal' — the Deliverer (ὁ ἐκλύειν με μέλλων) endures
26
ἀναστήσαι τὸ δέρμα μου τὸ ἀνατλῶν ταῦταcontent — ἀναστῆσαι — the resurrection reading made explicit in the Greek: the skin that suffered will be raised
παρὰ γὰρ κυρίου ταῦτά μοι συνετελέσθηcause — παρὰ κυρίου — the suffering and the vindication from the same hand
27
ἃ ἐγὼ ἐμαυτῷ συνεπίσταμαιrelative — συνεπίσταμαι — private, certain knowledge
ἃ ὁ ὀφθαλμός μου ἑόρακενrelative — ὁ ὀφθαλμός μου... the seeing must be personal
καὶ οὐκ ἄλλοςrelative — verbless — οὐκ ἄλλος, the stranger excluded from the vision
πάντα δέ μοι συντετέλεσται ἐν κόλπῳindependent — ἐν κόλπῳ — the longing of the Hebrew's 'my kidneys are consumed' become completion held within
Fear the judgment 19:28–29
28
εἰ δὲ καὶ ἐρεῖτεconditional — protasis — the friends' anticipated resolve; leaning forward
τί ἐροῦμεν ἔναντι αὐτοῦcontent — the quoted deliberation
καὶ ῥίζαν λόγου εὑρήσομεν ἐν αὐτῷcontent — ῥίζαν λόγου — the fault sought in Job himself
29
εὐλαβήθητε δὴ καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀπὸ ἐπικαλύμματοςindependent — apodosis — εὐλαβήθητε; ἐπικάλυμμα, the cover-up or pretext
θυμὸς γὰρ ἐπ' ἀνόμους ἐπελεύσεταιcause — θυμὸς ἐπ᾽ ἀνόμους — the threat turned back on the accusers
καὶ τότε γνώσονταιindependent — γνώσονται — the knowing verb one last time
ποῦ ἐστιν αὐτῶν ἡ ὕληcontent — ἡ ὕλη — 'their stuff/matter': the OG's cryptic last word for the Hebrew's Kethiv-Qere crux שדין/שדון
Analysis. Old Greek Job 19, laid out clause by clause. The OG is both translation and interpretation: it names ὁ κύριος where the Hebrew has Eloah, turns v. 7's cry of 'Violence!' into laughter at reproach, expands v. 4 into a small homily on untimely speech, and — most consequentially — renders the Redeemer verses (25–26) as an explicit hope of being raised: ἀέναός ἐστιν ὁ ἐκλύειν με μέλλων... ἀναστῆσαι τὸ δέρμα μου, 'everlasting is he who is about to release me... to raise up my skin.' What the Hebrew leaves as a contested glimpse, the Greek reads as resurrection — the text later Christian readers knew. Like the Hebrew, the poem runs almost entirely on flush-left parallel assertions; subordination clusters at the two 'know' pivots (vv. 3/6 and 25–27) and in the closing warning.