1
διότι ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις καὶ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ ὅταν ἐπιστρέψω τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν Ιουδα καὶ Ιερουσαλημ
Because behold, I in those days and at that time, when I restore the captivity of Judah and Jerusalem,
The chapter begins by locating the coming judgment in the same season as Judah and Jerusalem's restoration.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: meaning 'behold'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ nations judged and zion securedταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραnominal term functioning as a dative complement→ nations judged and zion securedἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a dative complement.
ἐκείναιςthoseRD DPF · ἐκεῖνοςnominal term functioning as a dative complement→ nations judged and zion securedἐκεῖνος: meaning 'those'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καιρῷtimeN2 DSM · καιρόςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκαιρός: meaning 'time'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐκείνῳthatRD DSM · ἐκεῖνοςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequence→ nations judged and zion securedἐκεῖνος: meaning 'that'; it marks person, possession, or reference within the clause.
ὅτανwhenD · ὅτανadverb or negative particle shaping the clause-level sense→ indefinite temporal contingencyὅταν: meaning 'when'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιστρέψωreturnVF FAI1S · στρέφω + ἐπιmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardστρέφω + ἐπι: meaning 'return'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰχμαλωσίανcaptivityN1A ASF · αἰχμαλωσίαsubject in apposition (the captives also purified)→ nations judged and zion securedαἰχμαλωσία: meaning 'captivity'; it serves as subject in apposition (the captives also purified).
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ιουδαproper name functioning within the prophetic scene→ nations judged and zion securedΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name functioning within the prophetic scene.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ nations judged and zion securedΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper-name item in the genealogical chain.
2
καὶ συνάξω πάντα τὰ ἔθνη καὶ κατάξω αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν κοιλάδα Ιωσαφατ καὶ διακριθήσομαι πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖ ὑπὲρ τοῦ λαοῦ μου καὶ τῆς κληρονομίας μου Ισραηλ οἳ διεσπάρησαν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν καὶ τὴν γῆν μου καταδιείλαντο
I will gather all the nations and bring them down into the valley of Jehoshaphat, and there I will enter into judgment with them on behalf of my people and my inheritance Israel, whom they scattered among the nations and parceled out my land.
The Lord names both the courtroom setting and the nations' offenses against Israel and the land.
Word-by-word analysis· 36 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνάξωgatherVF FAI1S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατάξωI will bring downVF FAI1S · ἄγω + καταverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἄγω + κατα: meaning 'I will bring down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action or command of the clause.
αὐτὰhe / him / hisRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὰ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοιλάδαvalleyN3D ASF · κοιλάςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκοιλάς: meaning 'valley'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ΙωσαφατJehoshaphatN GSM · Ιωσαφατproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ nations judged and zion securedΙωσαφατ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διακριθήσομαιwill enter into judgmentVC FPI1S · κρίνω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκρίνω + δια: meaning 'will enter into judgment'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ adverbial nuanceἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὲρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κληρονομίαςinheritanceN1A GSF · κληρονομίαGenitive modifier→ nations judged and zion securedκληρονομία: meaning 'inheritance'; it serves as Genitive modifier.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ nations judged and zion securedΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
οἳwho / whichRR NPM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ nations judged and zion securedοἳ: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
διεσπάρησανspread outVDI API3P · σπείρω + διαmain verb describing distribution through the city for action→ aorist verbal form presenting the action as a wholeσπείρω + δια: meaning 'spread out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb describing distribution through the city for action.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνεσινnationN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ nations judged and zion securedἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καταδιείλαντοdivided upVBI AMI3P · αἱρέω + κατα + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedαἱρέω + κατα + δια: meaning 'divided up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
3
καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν λαόν μου ἔβαλον κλήρους καὶ ἔδωκαν τὰ παιδάρια πόρναις καὶ τὰ κοράσια ἐπώλουν ἀντὶ οἴνου καὶ ἔπινον
And they cast lots over my people, and they gave the boys to prostitutes, and they sold the girls for wine and kept drinking.
The indictment sharpens into the degrading commerce by which Judah's children were traded away.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαόνpeopleN2 ASM · λαόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ nations judged and zion securedλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἔβαλονcastVBI AAI3P · βάλλωfinite verb advancing the clause→ perfectiveβάλλω: meaning 'cast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
κλήρουςlotN2 APM · κλῆροςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκλῆρος: meaning 'lot'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔδωκανgaveVAI AAI3P · δίδωμιmain verb of allotment or gift→ aorist summary statementδίδωμι: meaning 'gave'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of allotment or gift.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παιδάριαboysN2N APN · παιδάριονdirect object coordinated with ἀργύριον→ nations judged and zion securedπαιδάριον: meaning 'boys'; it serves as direct object coordinated with ἀργύριον.
πόρναιςprostitutesN1 DPF · πόρνηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ nations judged and zion securedπόρνη: meaning 'prostitutes'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοράσιαgirlN2N APN · κοράσιονhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκοράσιον: meaning 'girl'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐπώλουνsellV2I IAI3P · πωλέωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπωλέω: meaning 'sell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἀντὶinstead ofP · ἀντίpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀντὶ: meaning 'instead of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
οἴνουwineN2 GSM · οἶνοςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedοἶνος: meaning 'wine'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔπινονthey drankV1I IAI3P · πίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπίνω: meaning 'they drank'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
καὶ τί καὶ ὑμεῖς ἐμοί Τύρος καὶ Σιδὼν καὶ πᾶσα Γαλιλαία ἀλλοφύλων μὴ ἀνταπόδομα ὑμεῖς ἀνταποδίδοτέ μοι ἢ μνησικακεῖτε ὑμεῖς ἐπ' ἐμοὶ ὀξέως καὶ ταχέως ἀνταποδώσω τὸ ἀνταπόδομα ὑμῶν εἰς κεφαλὰς ὑμῶν
And what are you to me, Tyre and Sidon and all Galilee of the foreigners? Are you repaying me with recompense? Or do you bear a grudge against me? Swiftly and speedily I will repay your recompense upon your own heads.
The Lord directly confronts the maritime powers and promises immediate retaliation in kind.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ nations judged and zion securedτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element→ nations judged and zion securedὑμεῖς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element.
ἐμοίIRP DS · ἐγώpronominal element linking or specifying a noun phrase→ nations judged and zion securedἐμοί: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element linking or specifying a noun phrase.
ΤύροςTyreN NSF · Τύροςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedΤύρος: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΣιδὼνSidonN NS · Σιδώνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedΣιδὼν: meaning 'Sidon'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ΓαλιλαίαGalileeN1A NSF · Γαλιλαίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedΓαλιλαία: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀλλοφύλωνforeignersA1B GPM · ἀλλόφυλοςgenitive modifier of γῆν→ nations judged and zion securedἀλλόφυλος: meaning 'foreigners'; it serves as genitive modifier of γῆν.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀνταπόδομαrepaymentN3M ASN · ἀνταπόδομαnominal element carrying the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedἀνταπόδομα: meaning 'repayment'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element→ nations judged and zion securedὑμεῖς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element.
ἀνταποδίδοτέdo you repayV8 PAI2P · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίδωμι + ἀντι ἀπο: meaning 'do you repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μνησικακεῖτεdo you bear a grudgeV2 PAI2P · μνησικακέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedμνησικακέω: meaning 'do you bear a grudge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑμεῖςyouRP NP · σύpronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element→ nations judged and zion securedὑμεῖς: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as subject or resumptive element.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώpronoun→ nations judged and zion securedἐμοὶ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun.
ὀξέωςοξεωςD · ὀξέωςadverbial element qualifying the clause→ nations judged and zion securedὀξέως: meaning 'οξεως'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταχέωςquicklyD · ταχέωςadverb of manner (intensifying the command)→ nations judged and zion securedταχέως: meaning 'quickly'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἀνταποδώσωrepayVF FAI1S · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting a coming actionδίδωμι + ἀντι ἀπο: meaning 'repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνταπόδομαrepaymentN3M ASN · ἀνταπόδομαnominal element carrying the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedἀνταπόδομα: meaning 'repayment'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κεφαλὰςhead / capitalN1 APF · κεφαλήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedκεφαλή: meaning 'head'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
5
ἀνθ' ὧν τὸ ἀργύριόν μου καὶ τὸ χρυσίον μου ἐλάβετε καὶ τὰ ἐπίλεκτά μου καὶ τὰ καλὰ εἰσηνέγκατε εἰς τοὺς ναοὺς ὑμῶν
Because you took my silver and my gold, and you brought my chosen and beautiful things into your temples,
Temple plunder is set forward as one of the concrete reasons for the coming repayment.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ἀνθ'instead of / in place ofP · ἀντίpreposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀνθ': meaning 'instead of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase.
ὧνwhichRR GPM · ὅςrelative pronoun→ nations judged and zion securedὧν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as relative pronoun.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀργύριόνmoneyN2N ASN · ἀργύριονnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedἀργύριον: meaning 'money'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χρυσίονgoldN2N ASN · χρυσίονaccusative complement→ nations judged and zion securedχρυσίον: meaning 'gold'; it serves as accusative complement.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐλάβετεyou tookVBI AAI2P · λαμβάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedλαμβάνω: meaning 'you took'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπίλεκτάchosen thingsA1B APN · ἐπίλεκτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedἐπίλεκτος: meaning 'chosen things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καλὰbeautifulA1 APN · καλόςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ nations judged and zion securedκαλός: meaning 'beautiful'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.
εἰσηνέγκατεbring inVAI AAI2P · φέρω + εἰςmain verbal form advancing the clause→ nations judged and zion securedφέρω + εἰς: meaning 'bring in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ναοὺςtemplesN2 APM · ναόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedναός: meaning 'temples'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
6
καὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ιουδα καὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ιερουσαλημ ἀπέδοσθε τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν Ἑλλήνων ὅπως ἐξώσητε αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῶν ὁρίων αὐτῶν
and you sold the sons of Judah and the sons of Jerusalem to the sons of the Greeks so that you might remove them far from their own borders,
The nations' slave trade sought not merely profit but the removal of Judah from its own place.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ιουδαproper name functioning within the prophetic scene→ nations judged and zion securedΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name functioning within the prophetic scene.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ nations judged and zion securedΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper-name item in the genealogical chain.
ἀπέδοσθεyou soldVOI AMI2P · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'you sold'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςsonN2 DPM · υἱόςcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ nations judged and zion securedυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἙλλήνωνGreeksN1 GPF · Ἕλληνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ nations judged and zion securedἙλλήνων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὅπωςso thatC · ὅπωςcoordinating conjunction linking the next clause or item→ nations judged and zion securedὅπως: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξώσητεremove far awayVA AAS2P · ὠθέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedὠθέω + ἐκ: meaning 'remove far away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁρίωνbordersN2N GPN · ὅριονcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ nations judged and zion securedὅριον: meaning 'borders'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
7
ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐξεγείρω αὐτοὺς ἐκ τοῦ τόπου οὗ ἀπέδοσθε αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖ καὶ ἀνταποδώσω τὸ ἀνταπόδομα ὑμῶν εἰς κεφαλὰς ὑμῶν
behold, I am stirring them up from the place where you sold them, and I will return your recompense upon your own heads.
The Lord answers the sale of Judahite captives with a corresponding reversal upon the sellers themselves.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἰδοὺbeholdI · ἰδούinterjection introducing or coloring the speech→ discourse markerἰδού: meaning 'behold'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐξεγείρωam rousingV1 PAI1S · ἐγείρω + ἐκmain verb→ presentἐγείρω + ἐκ: meaning 'am rousing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τόπουplaceN2 GSM · τόποςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description→ nations judged and zion securedτόπος: meaning 'place'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or description.
οὗwhereRR GSM · ὅςpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedοὗ: meaning 'where'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἀπέδοσθεyou soldVOI AMI2P · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'you sold'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ adverbial nuanceἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνταποδώσωrepayVF FAI1S · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting a coming actionδίδωμι + ἀντι ἀπο: meaning 'repay'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνταπόδομαrepaymentN3M ASN · ἀνταπόδομαnominal element carrying the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedἀνταπόδομα: meaning 'repayment'; it serves as nominal element carrying the clause or phrase.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κεφαλὰςhead / capitalN1 APF · κεφαλήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedκεφαλή: meaning 'head'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
8
καὶ ἀποδώσομαι τοὺς υἱοὺς ὑμῶν καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας ὑμῶν εἰς χεῖρας υἱῶν Ιουδα καὶ ἀποδώσονται αὐτοὺς εἰς αἰχμαλωσίαν εἰς ἔθνος μακρὰν ἀπέχον ὅτι κύριος ἐλάλησεν
And I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hands of the sons of Judah, and they will sell them into captivity to a nation far away, because the Lord has spoken.
The reversal is made explicit: what the nations did to Judah will come back upon their own households.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποδώσομαιI will sell overVF FMI1S · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'I will sell over'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυγατέραςdaughterN3 APF · θυγάτηρaccusative complement→ nations judged and zion securedθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughter'; it serves as accusative complement.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χεῖραςhandsN3 APF · χείρcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ nations judged and zion securedχείρ: meaning 'hands'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ nations judged and zion securedυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ιουδαproper name functioning within the prophetic scene→ nations judged and zion securedΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name functioning within the prophetic scene.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποδώσονταιthey will sellVF FMI3P · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'they will sell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αἰχμαλωσίανcaptivityN1A ASF · αἰχμαλωσίαsubject in apposition (the captives also purified)→ nations judged and zion securedαἰχμαλωσία: meaning 'captivity'; it serves as subject in apposition (the captives also purified).
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἔθνοςnationN3E ASN · ἔθνοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ nations judged and zion securedἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
μακρὰνfar awayD · μακράνadverb or discourse marker shaping the clause→ nations judged and zion securedμακράν: meaning 'far away'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ἀπέχονdistantV1 · παπασν ἔχω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπαπασν ἔχω + ἀπο: meaning 'distant'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐλάλησενspeakVAI AAI3S · λαλέωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
9
κηρύξατε ταῦτα ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἁγιάσατε πόλεμον ἐξεγείρατε τοὺς μαχητάς προσαγάγετε καὶ ἀναβαίνετε πάντες ἄνδρες πολεμισταί
Proclaim these things among the nations: sanctify war, rouse the warriors, bring them near and let all the men of war come up.
The nations are ironically summoned to consecrate themselves for the very conflict in which they will be judged.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
κηρύξατεproclaimVA AAD2P · κηρύσσωsecond imperative of the command→ nations judged and zion securedκηρύσσω: meaning 'proclaim'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as second imperative of the command.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedταῦτα: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνεσινnationN3E DPN · ἔθνοςdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ nations judged and zion securedἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
ἁγιάσατεἁγιάζωVA AAD2P · ἁγιάζωimperative verbal form issuing a direct command→ aorist imperativeἁγιάζω: meaning 'ἁγιάζω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperative verbal form issuing a direct command.
πόλεμονwarN2 ASM · πόλεμοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ nations judged and zion securedπόλεμος: meaning 'war'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ἐξεγείρατεrouseVA AAD2P · ἐγείρω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἐγείρω + ἐκ: meaning 'rouse'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μαχητάςfightersN1M APM · μαχητήςappositional substantive→ nations judged and zion securedμαχητής: meaning 'fighters'; it serves as appositional substantive.
προσαγάγετεago + prosVB AAD2P · ἄγω + προςmain or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward→ verbal form carrying the discourse forwardἄγω + προς: meaning 'ago + pros'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main or subordinate verb carrying the clause forward.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναβαίνετεcome upV1 PAD2P · βαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'come up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἄνδρεςmanN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominal term functioning as a nominative term→ nations judged and zion securedἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a nominative term.
πολεμισταίwarriorsN1 NPM · πολεμιστήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedπολεμιστής: meaning 'warriors'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
10
συγκόψατε τὰ ἄροτρα ὑμῶν εἰς ῥομφαίας καὶ τὰ δρέπανα ὑμῶν εἰς σειρομάστας ὁ ἀδύνατος λεγέτω ὅτι ἰσχύω ἐγώ
Hammer your plowshares into swords and your pruning hooks into spears; let the weak say, “I am strong.”
Peaceful tools are inverted into weapons as the nations are taunted into assembling for judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
συγκόψατεhammerVA AAD2P · κόπτω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκόπτω + συν: meaning 'hammer'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄροτραthreshing sledgeN2N APN · ἄροτρονaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedἄροτρον: meaning 'threshing sledge'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ῥομφαίαςswordsN1A APF · ῥομφαίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedῥομφαία: meaning 'swords'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δρέπαναsickleN2N APN · δρέπανονaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedδρέπανον: meaning 'sickle'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σειρομάσταςspearsN1M APM · σειρομάστηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedσειρομάστης: meaning 'spears'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδύνατοςweakA1B NSM · ἀδύνατοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedἀδύνατος: meaning 'weak'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λεγέτωsayV1 PAD3S · λέγωimperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command→ imperative verbal form pressing a direct commandλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as imperative verb driving the exhortation or direct command.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰσχύωI am strongV1 PAI3S · ἰσχύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἰσχύω: meaning 'I am strong'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐγώIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἐγώ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
11
συναθροίζεσθε καὶ εἰσπορεύεσθε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη κυκλόθεν καὶ συνάχθητε ἐκεῖ ὁ πραὺ̈ς ἔστω μαχητής
Gather yourselves and come in, all you nations round about, and be assembled there; let the meek one become a warrior.
The gathering intensifies as every surrounding nation is driven toward the place of divine encounter.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
συναθροίζεσθεgather yourselvesV1 PMD2P · ἀθροίζω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἀθροίζω + συν: meaning 'gather yourselves'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσπορεύεσθεcome inV1 PMD2P · πορεύομαι + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπορεύομαι + εἰς: meaning 'come in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάνταall / everyA3 ASN · πᾶςadjectival or numerical term functioning in a acc relation→ nations judged and zion securedπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or numerical term functioning in a acc relation.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
κυκλόθενall aroundD · κυκλόθενproper name within the Solomonic royal or temple narrative→ adverbial nuanceκυκλόθεν: meaning 'all around'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνάχθητεgather yourselvesVQ APD2P · ἄγω + συνverbal form issuing command or exhortation→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather yourselves'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form issuing command or exhortation.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ adverbial nuanceἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πραὺ̈ςmeek oneN3 NSM · πραύ̈ςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedπραύ̈ς: meaning 'meek one'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔστωbeV9 PAD3S · εἰμίcopula→ stative presentεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as copula.
μαχητήςfighterN1M NSM · μαχητήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedμαχητής: meaning 'fighter'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
12
ἐξεγειρέσθωσαν καὶ ἀναβαινέτωσαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη εἰς τὴν κοιλάδα Ιωσαφατ διότι ἐκεῖ καθιῶ τοῦ διακρῖναι πάντα τὰ ἔθνη κυκλόθεν
Let all the nations be awakened and come up into the valley of Jehoshaphat, because there I will sit to judge all the surrounding nations.
The military summons resolves into the Lord's judicial enthronement over the nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἐξεγειρέσθωσανlet them be awakenedV1 PMD3P · ἐγείρω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἐγείρω + ἐκ: meaning 'let them be awakened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναβαινέτωσανlet them come upV1 PAD3P · βαίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'let them come up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ nations judged and zion securedπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ nations judged and zion securedτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ nations judged and zion securedἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοιλάδαvalleyN3D ASF · κοιλάςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκοιλάς: meaning 'valley'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ΙωσαφατJehoshaphatN DSM · Ιωσαφατsubstantive, modifier, or particle functioning within the clause according to context→ nations judged and zion securedΙωσαφατ: meaning 'Jehoshaphat'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ adverbial nuanceἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; it shapes time, manner, location, or discourse flow in the clause.
καθιῶI will sitVF2 FAI1S · ἵζω + καταmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἵζω + κατα: meaning 'I will sit'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
διακρῖναιto judgeVA AAN · κρίνω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκρίνω + δια: meaning 'to judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
κυκλόθενall aroundD · κυκλόθενproper name within the Solomonic royal or temple narrative→ adverbial nuanceκυκλόθεν: meaning 'all around'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
13
ἐξαποστείλατε δρέπανα ὅτι παρέστηκεν τρύγητος εἰσπορεύεσθε πατεῖτε διότι πλήρης ἡ ληνός ὑπερεκχεῖται τὰ ὑπολήνια ὅτι πεπλήθυνται τὰ κακὰ αὐτῶν
Send forth sickles, because the harvest is ready; come in, tread, because the winepress is full, the vats overflow, because their evils have multiplied.
Agrarian images of reaping and treading portray the maturity and abundance of the nations' wickedness.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ἐξαποστείλατεsend awayVA AAD2P · στέλλω + ἐκ + ἀποverbal element expressing action, process, or state within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedστέλλω + ἐκ + ἀπο: meaning 'send away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element expressing action, process, or state within the clause.
δρέπαναsickleN2N APN · δρέπανονaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedδρέπανον: meaning 'sickle'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρέστηκενhas arrivedVXI XAI3S · ἵστημι + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἵστημι + παρα: meaning 'has arrived'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τρύγητοςvintageN2 NSM · τρύγητοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedτρύγητος: meaning 'vintage'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἰσπορεύεσθεcome inV1 PMD2P · πορεύομαι + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπορεύομαι + εἰς: meaning 'come in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πατεῖτεtreadV2 PAD2P · πατέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπατέω: meaning 'tread'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πλήρηςfullA3H NSF · πλήρηςnominal element functioning within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπλήρης: meaning 'full'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ληνόςwinepressN2 NSF · ληνόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedληνός: meaning 'winepress'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑπερεκχεῖταιoverflowsV2 PMI3S · χέω + ὑπερ ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedχέω + ὑπερ ἐκ: meaning 'overflows'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ nations judged and zion securedτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑπολήνιαvatsN2N NPN · ὑπολήνιονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedὑπολήνιον: meaning 'vats'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πεπλήθυνταιhave multipliedVM XMI3P · πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπληθύνω: meaning 'have multiplied'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ nations judged and zion securedτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κακὰevilsA1 NPN · κακόςsubstantivized adjective functioning as subject→ nations judged and zion securedκακός: meaning 'evils'; it serves as substantivized adjective functioning as subject.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
14
ἦχοι ἐξήχησαν ἐν τῇ κοιλάδι τῆς δίκης ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἡμέρα κυρίου ἐν τῇ κοιλάδι τῆς δίκης
Noises, sounding noises in the valley of justice, because the day of the Lord is near in the valley of justice.
The valley reverberates with tumult as the nearness of the Lord's day is announced.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἦχοιtumultsN2 NPM · ἦχοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedἦχος: meaning 'tumults'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐξήχησανresoundedVAI AAI3P · ἠχέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἠχέω + ἐκ: meaning 'resounded'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοιλάδιvalleyN3D DSF · κοιλάςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ nations judged and zion securedκοιλάς: meaning 'valley'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δίκηςjusticeN1 GSF · δίκηaccusative element functioning within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίκη: meaning 'justice'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγγὺςnearD · ἐγγύςparticle or adverb shaping the clause or discourse flow→ nations judged and zion securedἐγγὺς: meaning 'near'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡμέραdayN1A NSF · ἡμέραnominative substantive functioning within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοιλάδιvalleyN3D DSF · κοιλάςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ nations judged and zion securedκοιλάς: meaning 'valley'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δίκηςjusticeN1 GSF · δίκηaccusative element functioning within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίκη: meaning 'justice'; it serves as accusative element functioning within the clause.
15
ὁ ἥλιος καὶ ἡ σελήνη συσκοτάσουσιν καὶ οἱ ἀστέρες δύσουσιν φέγγος αὐτῶν
The sun and the moon will be darkened, and the stars will withdraw their brightness.
Heavenly dimming marks the universal scale of the judgment event.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἥλιοςsunN2 NSM · ἥλιοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ nations judged and zion securedἥλιος: meaning 'sun'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σελήνηmoonN1 NSF · σελήνηnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ nations judged and zion securedσελήνη: meaning 'moon'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject or predicate.
συσκοτάσουσινwill be darkenedVF FAI3P · σκοτάζω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedσκοτάζω + συν: meaning 'will be darkened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀστέρεςstarsN3 NPM · ἀστήρsubject of παρετάξαντο→ nations judged and zion securedἀστήρ: meaning 'stars'; it serves as subject of παρετάξαντο.
δύσουσινwill withdrawVF FAI3P · δύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδύω: meaning 'will withdraw'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φέγγοςlightN3E ASN · φέγγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement→ nations judged and zion securedφέγγος: meaning 'light'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
16
ὁ δὲ κύριος ἐκ Σιων ἀνακεκράξεται καὶ ἐξ Ιερουσαλημ δώσει φωνὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ σεισθήσεται ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ ὁ δὲ κύριος φείσεται τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐνισχύσει κύριος τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ
And the Lord will cry aloud from Zion and from Jerusalem give his voice, and heaven and earth will be shaken; but the Lord will spare his people, and the Lord will strengthen the sons of Israel.
The same divine voice that terrifies the cosmos becomes protection and strength for Israel.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΣιωνZionN GSM · Σιωνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedΣιων: meaning 'Zion'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνακεκράξεταιwill cry aloudVFX FMI3S · κράζω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκράζω + ἀνα: meaning 'will cry aloud'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ nations judged and zion securedΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper-name item in the genealogical chain.
δώσειgiveVF FAI3S · δίδωμιmain verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause.
φωνὴνvoiceN1 ASF · φωνήhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedφωνή: meaning 'voice'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σεισθήσεταιshakeVC FPI3S · σείωfinite verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardσείω: meaning 'shake'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the clause forward.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανὸςheavenN2 NSM · οὐρανόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or listed item→ nations judged and zion securedοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or listed item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆlandN1 NSF · γῆnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ nations judged and zion securedγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
φείσεταιwill he spareVF FMI3S · φείδομαιmain verb→ nations judged and zion securedφείδομαι: meaning 'will he spare'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνισχύσειwill strengthenVF FAI3S · ἰσχύω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἰσχύω + ἐν: meaning 'will strengthen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοὺςsonsN2 APM · υἱόςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ nations judged and zion securedΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.
17
καὶ ἐπιγνώσεσθε διότι ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὑμῶν ὁ κατασκηνῶν ἐν Σιων ἐν ὄρει ἁγίῳ μου καὶ ἔσται Ιερουσαλημ πόλις ἁγία καὶ ἀλλογενεῖς οὐ διελεύσονται δι' αὐτῆς οὐκέτι
And you shall know that I am the Lord your God, who dwells in Zion on my holy mountain; and Jerusalem shall be a holy city, and foreigners shall no longer pass through her.
Zion's holiness and security reveal the Lord's abiding presence among his people.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπιγνώσεσθεunderstand fullyVF FMI2P · γιγνώσκω + ἐπιFinite verb / predicate→ nations judged and zion securedγιγνώσκω + ἐπι: meaning 'understand fully'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as Finite verb / predicate.
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ nations judged and zion securedθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronoun in genitival dependence→ nations judged and zion securedὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατασκηνῶνdwellingV4 · παπνσμ σκηνόω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπαπνσμ σκηνόω + κατα: meaning 'dwelling'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΣιωνZionN DSM · Σιωνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedΣιων: meaning 'Zion'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὄρειhill country / mountainN3E DSN · ὄροςcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedὄρος: meaning 'hill country'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἁγίῳholyA1A DSN · ἅγιοςadjectival modifier→ nations judged and zion securedἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as adjectival modifier.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ nations judged and zion securedμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιbeV9 FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN NSF · Ἰερουσαλήμindeclinable element functioning within the clause or discourse flow→ nations judged and zion securedΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as indeclinable element functioning within the clause or discourse flow.
πόλιςcityN3I NSF · πόλιςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἁγίαholyA1A NSF · ἅγιοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ nations judged and zion securedἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀλλογενεῖςforeignersA3H NPM · ἀλλογενήςsubject of ἔφυγον→ nations judged and zion securedἀλλογενής: meaning 'foreigners'; it serves as subject of ἔφυγον.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
διελεύσονταιpass throughVF FMI3P · ἔρχομαι + διαmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future middle verbal form projecting a coming actionἔρχομαι + δια: meaning 'pass through'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
δι'throughP · διάpreposition governing its complement→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδι': meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun referring back to the current family, city, or group.
οὐκέτιno longerD · οὐκέτιadverb qualifying the clause→ nations judged and zion securedοὐκέτι: meaning 'no longer'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
18
καὶ ἔσται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἀποσταλάξει τὰ ὄρη γλυκασμόν καὶ οἱ βουνοὶ ῥυήσονται γάλα καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ ἀφέσεις Ιουδα ῥυήσονται ὕδατα καὶ πηγὴ ἐξ οἴκου κυρίου ἐξελεύσεται καὶ ποτιεῖ τὸν χειμάρρουν τῶν σχοίνων
And it shall be in that day that the mountains will drip sweetness, and the hills will flow with milk, and all the channels of Judah will flow with water, and a spring from the house of the Lord will come forth and water the torrent of reeds.
The renewed land becomes an image of superabundant fertility flowing outward from the Lord's house.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιbeV9 FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronoun marking reference, means, or location→ nations judged and zion securedἐκείνῃ: meaning 'that'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun marking reference, means, or location.
ἀποσταλάξειwill dripVF FAI3S · σταλάσσω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedσταλάσσω + ἀπο: meaning 'will drip'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ nations judged and zion securedτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄρηmountainsN3E NPN · ὄροςsubject nominative of the second ἔστιλβεν→ nations judged and zion securedὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as subject nominative of the second ἔστιλβεν.
γλυκασμόνsweetnessN2 ASM · γλυκασμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedγλυκασμός: meaning 'sweetness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουνοὶhillN2 NPM · βουνόςnominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicate→ nations judged and zion securedβουνός: meaning 'hill'; it serves as nominative nominal element functioning as subject or predicate.
ῥυήσονταιflowingVF FMI3P · ῥέωattributive participle (modifying γῆν)→ present subjunctive (durative flow)ῥέω: meaning 'flowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as attributive participle (modifying γῆν).
γάλαmilkN3 ASN · γάλαaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedγάλα: meaning 'milk'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πᾶσαιallA1S NPF · πᾶςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀφέσειςchannelsN3I NPF · ἄφεσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ nations judged and zion securedἄφεσις: meaning 'channels'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ιουδαproper name functioning within the prophetic scene→ nations judged and zion securedΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name functioning within the prophetic scene.
ῥυήσονταιflowingVF FMI3P · ῥέωattributive participle (modifying γῆν)→ present subjunctive (durative flow)ῥέω: meaning 'flowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as attributive participle (modifying γῆν).
ὕδαταwatersN3T APN · ὕδωρsubject of the first ἐπάγη→ nations judged and zion securedὕδωρ: meaning 'waters'; it serves as subject of the first ἐπάγη.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πηγὴspringN1 NSF · πηγήnominative substantive functioning within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedπηγή: meaning 'spring'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning within the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
οἴκουhouseN2 GSM · οἶκοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ nations judged and zion securedοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐξελεύσεταιshall come forthVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verb (prophetic prediction)→ future middle verbal form projecting a coming actionἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'shall come forth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (prophetic prediction).
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποτιεῖwill waterVF2 FAI3S · ποτίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedποτίζω: meaning 'will water'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χειμάρρουνwadiA1C ASM · χειμάρρουςobject of διαπερᾶσαι→ nations judged and zion securedχειμάρρους: meaning 'wadi'; it serves as object of διαπερᾶσαι.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σχοίνωνreedsN2 GPM · σχοίνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ nations judged and zion securedσχοίνος: meaning 'reeds'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
19
Αἴγυπτος εἰς ἀφανισμὸν ἔσται καὶ ἡ Ιδουμαία εἰς πεδίον ἀφανισμοῦ ἔσται ἐξ ἀδικιῶν υἱῶν Ιουδα ἀνθ' ὧν ἐξέχεαν αἷμα δίκαιον ἐν τῇ γῇ αὐτῶν
Egypt shall become a desolation, and Idumea shall become a plain of desolation, because of the wrongs done to the sons of Judah, because they shed righteous blood in their land.
Enemy lands are set over against Judah's renewal because of their violence against innocent blood.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
Αἴγυπτοςof EgyptN2 NSF · Αἴγυπτοςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ nations judged and zion securedΑἴγυπτος: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἀφανισμὸνobliterationN2 ASM · ἀφανισμόςaccusative of result (with εἰς, climactic)→ nations judged and zion securedἀφανισμός: meaning 'obliteration'; it serves as accusative of result (with εἰς, climactic).
ἔσταιbeV9 FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙδουμαίαEdomN1A NSF · Ιδουμαίαaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ nations judged and zion securedΙδουμαία: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πεδίονplainN2N ASN · πεδίονaccusative (coordinate zone)→ nations judged and zion securedπεδίον: meaning 'plain'; it serves as accusative (coordinate zone).
ἀφανισμοῦannihilationN2 GSM · ἀφανισμόςgenitive dependent within the phrase→ nations judged and zion securedἀφανισμός: meaning 'annihilation'; it serves as genitive dependent within the phrase.
ἔσταιbeV9 FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἀδικιῶνwickednessN1A GPF · ἀδικίαnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ nations judged and zion securedἀδικία: meaning 'wickedness'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
υἱῶνsonsN2 GPM · υἱόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ nations judged and zion securedυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ΙουδαJudahN GSM · Ιουδαproper name functioning within the prophetic scene→ nations judged and zion securedΙουδα: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name functioning within the prophetic scene.
ἀνθ'instead of / in place ofP · ἀντίpreposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀνθ': meaning 'instead of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase.
ὧνwhichRR GPM · ὅςrelative pronoun→ nations judged and zion securedὧν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as relative pronoun.
ἐξέχεανpoured outVAI AAI3P · χέω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedχέω + ἐκ: meaning 'poured out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
αἷμαbloodN3M ASN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
δίκαιονrighteousA1A ASN · δίκαιοςobject or complement within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as object or complement within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῇlandN1 DSF · γῆdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ nations judged and zion securedγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
20
ἡ δὲ Ιουδαία εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατοικηθήσεται καὶ Ιερουσαλημ εἰς γενεὰς γενεῶν
But Judea shall be inhabited forever, and Jerusalem for generations of generations.
Judah's future is described in terms of enduring habitation across unending generations.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙουδαίαἸουδαίαN1A NSF · Ἰουδαίαproper name anchoring the court, decree, or restoration setting→ nations judged and zion securedΙουδαία: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name anchoring the court, decree, or restoration setting.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ nations judged and zion securedαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
κατοικηθήσεταιdwellVC FPI3S · οἰκέω + καταfinite verbal form carrying the clause forward→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardοἰκέω + κατα: meaning 'dwell'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form carrying the clause forward.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN NSF · Ἰερουσαλήμindeclinable element functioning within the clause or discourse flow→ nations judged and zion securedΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as indeclinable element functioning within the clause or discourse flow.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
γενεὰςgenerationsN1A APF · γενεάnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedγενεά: meaning 'generations'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
γενεῶνgenerationN1A GPF · γενεάhead noun or nominal element within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedγενεά: meaning 'generation'; it serves as head noun or nominal element within the clause.
21
καὶ ἐκδικήσω τὸ αἷμα αὐτῶν καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀθῳώσω καὶ κύριος κατασκηνώσει ἐν Σιων
And I will avenge their blood, and I will by no means leave it unpunished, and the Lord will dwell in Zion.
The book closes with blood-avenging justice and the settled presence of the Lord in Zion.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκδικήσωI will punishVF FAI1S · δικέω + ἐκmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the announced resultδικέω + ἐκ: meaning 'I will punish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἷμαbloodN3M ASN · αἷμαcommon noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedαἷμα: meaning 'blood'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀθῳώσωI will leave unpunishedVF FAI1S · ἀθῳόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedἀθῳόω: meaning 'I will leave unpunished'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ nations judged and zion securedκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
κατασκηνώσειsettleVF FAI3S · σκηνόω + καταfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ nations judged and zion securedσκηνόω + κατα: meaning 'settle'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΣιωνZionN DSM · Σιωνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ nations judged and zion securedΣιων: meaning 'Zion'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.