1
καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων
And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
The formula καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων is the recurring LXX header for a fresh block of priestly legislation (cf. Lev 1:1; 4:1; 11:1); the redundant participle λέγων calques the Hebrew infinitive לֵאמֹר ('saying'), introducing the direct discourse that follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction (Hebraizing καί-parataxis)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλάλησενspokeAor Act Indic 3 Sg · λαλέωmain verb (speech-introducing formula)→ constative aorist (single completed speech-act)λαλέω: 'speak'; renders Hebrew דִּבֶּר (Piel); the aorist ἐλάλησεν opens a new unit of divine legislation, the standard LXX header for priestly law.
κύριοςLORDNominativesubject (divine speaker)→ participant prominenceκύριος: the standard LXX rendering of the Tetragrammaton יהוה; the nominative subject marks this as unmediated YHWH-speech delivered to Moses.
πρὸςtopreposition + accusative (direction of speech)→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (direction of speech).
ΜωυσῆνMosesAccusativeaccusative object of πρός (recipient of speech)→ object specificationΜωυσῆς: transliteration of Hebrew מֹשֶׁה; declined as a first/third-declension hybrid in Rahlfs' LXX (acc. Μωυσῆν); accusative here as the directional object of πρός.
λέγωνsayingPres Act Ptcp Nom Sg Masc · λέγωcircumstantial participle (introduces direct discourse)→ Hebraistic redundant participle (calque of לֵאמֹר)λέγω (pres. ptcp.): the participle λέγων is the LXX's stock rendering of the Hebrew infinitive construct לֵאמֹר ('to say / saying'), a quotative marker introducing direct speech; grammatically pleonastic in Greek but retained as a Hebraism.
2
λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς γυνή ἥτις ἐὰν σπερματισθῇ καὶ τέκῃ ἄρσεν καὶ ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται ἑπτὰ ἡμέρας κατὰ τὰς ἡμέρας τοῦ χωρισμοῦ τῆς ἀφέδρου αὐτῆς ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται
Speak to the sons of Israel and you shall say to them, 'A woman, whoever she be who conceives seed and bears a male, shall also be impure seven days; according to the days of the separation of her menstruation she shall be impure.'
The paired imperative + future (λάλησον … ἐρεῖς) is a standard LXX command-formula. The law proper opens with a casus pendens, γυνὴ ἥτις ('a woman, whoever'), a Hebraic conditional construction (אִשָּׁה כִּי) suspended before its main clause. The seven-day impurity is explicitly equated with the menstrual ἄφεδρος, framing childbirth-blood within the existing categories of ritual separation.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
λάλησονspeakAor Act Impv 2 Sg · λαλέωmain verb (divine imperative to Moses)→ ingressive aorist imperative (commissioned speech-act)λαλέω: 'speak'; renders דַּבֵּר (Piel); the aorist imperative frames the proclamation as a single decisive commissioned act.
τοῖςtheDativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
υἱοῖςsonsDativedative indirect object (addressees)→ sphere or referenceυἱός (pl. υἱοῖς): 'son'; the phrase τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ renders בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל ('the sons/children of Israel'), the covenant addressees of the priestly legislation.
ΙσραηλIsraelgenitive of relationship (indeclinable proper noun: 'of Israel')→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliteration of Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל; indeclinable in the LXX; functions here as a genitive qualifying υἱοῖς ('the sons of Israel').
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐρεῖςyou shall sayFut Act Indic 2 Sg · λέγω (ἐρῶ)main verb (volitive future paralleling the imperative)→ volitive future (functions as a command, calque of Hebrew weqatal)λέγω (fut. ἐρῶ): the future ἐρεῖς renders the Hebrew weqatal וְאָמַרְתָּ ('and you shall say'); a volitive future continuing the force of the preceding imperative — a standard LXX command-chain.
πρὸςtopreposition + accusative (direction of speech)→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (direction of speech).
αὐτούςthemAccusativeaccusative object of πρός (the addressees)→ participant referenceαὐτός: personal pronoun; accusative plural object of πρός, resuming τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ.
γυνήa womanNominativecasus pendens (nominative absolute, suspended subject)→ participant prominenceγυνή: 'woman'; renders אִשָּׁה; here a casus pendens fronted before its relative-conditional clause — a Hebraic legal construction (אִשָּׁה כִּי …) stating the case the law addresses.
ἥτιςwhoeverNominativeindefinite relative pronoun (subject of the conditional clause)→ participant referenceὅστις, ἥτις, ὅτι: indefinite relative 'whoever / anyone who'; the feminine ἥτις generalizes γυνή to any woman in the described circumstance; with ἐάν it forms a generalizing condition.
ἐὰνifconditional conjunction (+ subjunctive)→ discourse linkage or contrastἐάν: 'if'; with the subjunctive (σπερματισθῇ … τέκῃ) renders the Hebrew כִּי introducing the protasis of a casuistic law.
σπερματισθῇconceives seedAor Pass Subj 3 Sg · σπερματίζωverb of conditional protasis→ ingressive aorist subjunctive (entry into pregnancy)σπερματίζω: 'produce/receive seed, conceive'; the passive σπερματισθῇ renders the Hebrew תַזְרִיעַ (Hiphil of זרע, 'bring forth seed'); a clinical idiom for conception that frames the whole law within the language of generation.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (linking the two protasis verbs)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τέκῃbearsAor Act Subj 3 Sg · τίκτωverb of conditional protasis (parallel to σπερματισθῇ)→ constative aorist subjunctive (the act of giving birth)τίκτω: 'bear / give birth'; renders יָלַד; the aorist subjunctive completes the protasis — conception plus delivery of a male child triggers the purity reckoning.
ἄρσενa maleAccusativedirect object of τέκῃ (neuter substantive)→ object specificationἄρσην / ἄρσεν: 'male'; the neuter accusative renders זָכָר; the sex of the child determines the length of the purification (contrast θῆλυ, v. 5).
καὶalsoapodotic καί (introducing the main clause after the protasis)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαί: here apodotic, marking the transition from the conditional protasis to the legal consequence — a Hebraism (waw-apodosis).
ἀκάθαρτοςimpureNominativepredicate adjective (with ἔσται: 'shall be impure')→ participant prominenceἀκάθαρτος: 'unclean / impure'; renders טָמֵא; the key ritual-status term of the chapter, denoting a temporary state of cultic disqualification, not moral guilt.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίmain verb (predicate of legal consequence)→ legislative future (the rule that shall obtain)εἰμί (fut. ἔσται): the future renders the Hebrew imperfect וְטָמְאָה; a legislative future expressing the binding rule that follows from the protasis.
ἑπτὰsevenAccusativenumeral (with ἡμέρας: accusative of duration)→ measure or countἑπτά: 'seven'; indeclinable cardinal rendering שִׁבְעַת; the seven days of impurity mirror the seven-day menstrual ἄφεδρος invoked next.
ἡμέραςdaysAccusativeaccusative of duration ('for seven days')→ object specificationἡμέρα: 'day'; accusative of extent of time; the impurity has a fixed duration measured in days.
κατὰaccording topreposition + accusative (norm/standard)→ spatial or relational framingκατά + acc.: 'according to / in conformity with'; introduces the menstrual analogy that defines the kind of impurity.
τὰςtheAccusativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραςdaysAccusativeaccusative object of κατά ('according to the days')→ object specificationἡμέρας: meaning 'days'; it serves as accusative object of κατά ('according to the days').
τοῦtheGenitivearticle→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χωρισμοῦseparationGenitivegenitive (defining the days: 'days of the separation')→ relational specificationχωρισμός: 'separation / setting apart'; here the ritual separation of menstruation; together with ἀφέδρου it renders the Hebrew נִדַּת דְּוֺתָהּ ('the separation of her infirmity').
τῆςtheGenitivearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀφέδρουmenstruationGenitivegenitive (defining χωρισμοῦ: 'the separation of her menstruation')→ relational specificationἄφεδρος: the LXX's technical term for menstrual impurity/separation, rendering נִדָּה; childbirth-blood is here assimilated to the established menstrual category for the seven-day reckoning (cf. Lev 15:19–24).
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive of possession (with ἀφέδρου)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', specifying the woman whose menstrual separation provides the measure.
ἀκάθαρτοςimpureNominativepredicate adjective (resumptive repetition with ἔσται)→ participant prominenceἀκάθαρτος: the repetition ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται frames the verse, a Hebraic resumptive emphasis underscoring the certainty of the impure status.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίmain verb (resumptive predicate)→ legislative future (binding rule)εἰμί (fut.): the second ἔσται closes the inclusio with the first, a stylistic Hebraism repeating the verb at the end of the legal sentence.
3
καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ὀγδόῃ περιτεμεῖ τὴν σάρκα τῆς ἀκροβυστίας αὐτοῦ
And on the eighth day he shall circumcise the flesh of his foreskin.
A self-contained legal aside inserted between the seven-day impurity (v. 2) and the thirty-three-day purification (v. 4): the male child is circumcised on the eighth day, anchoring the covenant sign of Gen 17:12 within the purity-law. The subject of περιτεμεῖ is impersonal/passive in sense ('one shall circumcise' = 'he shall be circumcised').
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇtheDativearticle (with ἡμέρᾳ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayDativedative of time when ('on the day')→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: 'day'; dative of time specifying when the circumcision occurs.
τῇtheDativearticle (with ὀγδόῃ)→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀγδόῃeighthDativeordinal adjective (modifying ἡμέρᾳ: 'on the eighth day')→ sphere or referenceὄγδοος: 'eighth'; renders שְׁמִינִי; the eighth-day circumcision fulfils the covenant command of Gen 17:12 and is cited at Luke 2:21 (the circumcision of Jesus) and Phil 3:5.
περιτεμεῖhe shall circumciseFut Act Indic 3 Sg · περιτέμνωmain verb (impersonal/indefinite subject: 'one shall circumcise')→ legislative future (binding ordinance)περιτέμνω: 'circumcise' (lit. 'cut around'); renders מוּל; the third-singular with unexpressed indefinite subject functions as a passive ('the flesh shall be circumcised'); a calque of the Hebrew impersonal יִמּוֹל.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σάρκαfleshAccusativedirect object of περιτεμεῖ→ object specificationσάρξ: 'flesh'; renders בָּשָׂר; 'the flesh of the foreskin' (σάρκα τῆς ἀκροβυστίας) is the fixed LXX idiom for the part removed in circumcision (cf. Gen 17:11).
τῆςtheGenitivearticle→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀκροβυστίαςforeskinGenitivegenitive (defining σάρκα: 'flesh of the foreskin')→ relational specificationἀκροβυστία: 'foreskin / uncircumcision'; a distinctively biblical-Greek term rendering עָרְלָה; later a key Pauline metonym for the Gentile world (Rom 2:25–27; Eph 2:11).
αὐτοῦhisGenitivegenitive of possession (the male child's)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'his', referring to the ἄρσεν (male child) of v. 2.
4
καὶ τριάκοντα ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς καθήσεται ἐν αἵματι ἀκαθάρτῳ αὐτῆς παντὸς ἁγίου οὐχ ἅψεται καὶ εἰς τὸ ἁγιαστήριον οὐκ εἰσελεύσεται ἕως ἂν πληρωθῶσιν αἱ ἡμέραι καθάρσεως αὐτῆς
And for thirty-three days she shall remain in her impure blood; she shall touch nothing holy, and she shall not enter the sanctuary, until the days of her purification are fulfilled.
Resuming from v. 2 after the circumcision aside, the law sets a second, longer phase: thirty-three additional days during which the mother, though no longer in the strict seven-day impurity, remains 'in her impure blood' and is barred from contact with anything holy and from the sanctuary. The double prohibition (οὐχ ἅψεται … οὐκ εἰσελεύσεται) and the terminal ἕως-clause define the boundary of her exclusion.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction (resuming the purity-reckoning)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τριάκονταthirtyAccusativenumeral (with ἡμέρας: accusative of duration)→ measure or countτριάκοντα: 'thirty'; indeclinable cardinal; with τρεῖς forms 'thirty-three', the second purification period for a son (seven + thirty-three = forty days total).
ἡμέραςdaysAccusativeaccusative of duration→ object specificationἡμέρα: 'day'; accusative of extent of time governing the whole numeral phrase.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (joining the numerals)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τρεῖςthreeAccusativenumeral (with τριάκοντα: 'thirty-three')→ measure or countτρεῖς: 'three'; accusative agreeing with ἡμέρας; the compound 'thirty and three' renders שְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם וּשְׁלֹשֶׁת.
καθήσεταιshe shall remain / sitFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · κάθημαιmain verb (the woman's continued state)→ legislative future (durative: 'she shall stay')κάθημαι (fut. καθήσεται): 'sit / remain / stay'; renders תֵּשֵׁב ('she shall remain'); the verb of remaining in a fixed state denotes her continuance in ritual impurity for the appointed period.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (state/condition)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (state/condition).
αἵματιbloodDativedative of state (with ἐν: 'in blood')→ sphere or referenceαἷμα: 'blood'; renders דָּם; 'in her impure blood' denotes the post-partum discharge that defines the continuing state of purification.
ἀκαθάρτῳimpureDativeattributive adjective (modifying αἵματι)→ sphere or referenceἀκάθαρτος: 'impure'; the modifier 'impure blood' (αἵματι ἀκαθάρτῳ) renders דְּמֵי טָהֳרָה (lit. 'blood of her purifying'); the LXX construes the blood itself as the locus of the impurity.
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive of possession (with αἵματι)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', specifying whose blood.
παντὸςanyGenitiveattributive adjective (with ἁγίου: 'anything holy')→ relational specificationπᾶς: 'all / every / any'; with the negative οὐχ … ἅψεται it yields 'she shall touch nothing holy'.
ἁγίουholy thingGenitivegenitive object of ἅψεται (substantive: 'holy thing')→ relational specificationἅγιος: 'holy / sacred'; substantival neuter genitive (ἅπτομαι governs the genitive); renders קֹדֶשׁ; the impure woman must not contact consecrated food or objects (cf. Lev 7:20–21).
οὐχnotnegative particle (with ἅψεται)→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ (οὐχ before rough breathing): the objective negative of the indicative, here forbidding contact.
ἅψεταιshe shall touchFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · ἅπτομαιmain verb (prohibition, governs genitive ἁγίου)→ legislative future (prohibitive)ἅπτομαι: 'touch / take hold of'; the middle takes a genitive object; renders נָגַע; the prohibition guards the boundary between the impure person and the sphere of the holy.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (second prohibition)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintopreposition + accusative (direction of entry)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (direction of entry).
τὸtheAccusativearticle→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁγιαστήριονsanctuaryAccusativeaccusative object of εἰς ('into the sanctuary')→ object specificationἁγιαστήριον: 'sanctuary / holy place'; a distinctively LXX term (≈ ἁγίασμα) rendering מִקְדָּשׁ; entry is barred to the impure mother until her purification is complete.
οὐκnotnegative particle (with εἰσελεύσεται)→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσελεύσεταιshe shall enterFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰσέρχομαιmain verb (second prohibition)→ legislative future (prohibitive)εἰσέρχομαι: 'enter / go in'; renders בּוֹא; the prohibition on entering the sanctuary completes the exclusion of the impure woman from the cultic sphere.
ἕωςuntiltemporal conjunction (introducing the terminal clause)→ discourse linkage or contrastἕως: 'until'; with ἄν + subjunctive marks the term at which the restrictions end.
ἂν—modal particle (with subjunctive in temporal clause)→ discourse linkage or contrastἄν: modal particle; with ἕως and the subjunctive πληρωθῶσιν it gives the clause an indefinite/contingent reference ('until such time as').
πληρωθῶσινare fulfilledAor Pass Subj 3 Pl · πληρόωverb of temporal clause (subject αἱ ἡμέραι)→ constative aorist subjunctive (completion of the period)πληρόω: 'fill / fulfil / complete'; the passive πληρωθῶσιν renders מְלֹאת ('be completed'); the days of purification reaching their full number ends the period of restriction.
αἱtheNominativearticle (with ἡμέραι)→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραιdaysNominativesubject of πληρωθῶσιν→ participant prominenceἡμέρα (pl. ἡμέραι): 'day'; the subject of the temporal clause — 'the days of her purification'.
καθάρσεωςof purificationGenitivegenitive (defining ἡμέραι: 'days of purification')→ relational specificationκάθαρσις: 'purification / cleansing'; renders טָהֳרָה; the cognate of καθαρίζω (vv. 7–8), naming the process whose completion restores the woman to full cultic access.
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive of possession (with καθάρσεως)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', specifying whose purification.
5
ἐὰν δὲ θῆλυ τέκῃ καὶ ἀκάθαρτος ἔσται δὶς ἑπτὰ ἡμέρας κατὰ τὴν ἄφεδρον καὶ ἑξήκοντα ἡμέρας καὶ ἓξ καθεσθήσεται ἐν αἵματι ἀκαθάρτῳ αὐτῆς
But if she bears a female, then she shall be impure twice seven days according to her menstruation, and she shall remain sixty-six days in her impure blood.
The δέ marks the contrasting alternative to the male-child case (vv. 2–4). Every figure is exactly doubled: fourteen days of impurity (δὶς ἑπτά) instead of seven, and sixty-six days of purification instead of thirty-three (totalling eighty days against forty). The text gives no rationale; the asymmetry is the chapter's chief interpretive crux.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ἐὰνifconditional conjunction (+ subjunctive)→ discourse linkage or contrastἐάν: 'if'; introduces the second casuistic protasis, parallel to v. 2, rendering וְאִם.
δὲbutadversative particle (post-positive, contrasting the female case)→ discourse linkage or contrastδέ: post-positive; here adversative, setting the daughter-case against the son-case of vv. 2–4.
θῆλυa femaleAccusativedirect object of τέκῃ (fronted for contrast)→ object specificationθῆλυς / θῆλυ: 'female'; neuter accusative rendering נְקֵבָה; fronted before its verb to contrast pointedly with ἄρσεν (v. 2).
τέκῃshe bearsAor Act Subj 3 Sg · τίκτωverb of conditional protasis→ constative aorist subjunctive (the act of giving birth)τίκτω: 'bear / give birth'; renders תֵּלֵד; the aorist subjunctive of the protasis, exactly parallel to v. 2.
καὶalsoapodotic καί (introducing the consequence)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαί: apodotic, marking the legal consequence (waw-apodosis Hebraism).
ἀκάθαρτοςimpureNominativepredicate adjective (with ἔσται)→ participant prominenceἀκάθαρτος: 'impure'; renders טָמֵא; the same ritual-status term as v. 2, now for the doubled period.
ἔσταιshall beFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · εἰμίmain verb (predicate of legal consequence)→ legislative future (binding rule)εἰμί (fut. ἔσται): renders the Hebrew imperfect; the legislative future stating the rule for the female-child case.
δὶςtwicemultiplicative adverb (modifying ἑπτά: 'twice seven')→ clausal contributionδίς: 'twice'; the LXX renders the Hebrew שְׁבֻעַיִם ('two weeks') analytically as δὶς ἑπτά ('twice seven'), making the doubling explicit and verbal.
ἑπτὰsevenAccusativenumeral (with δίς and ἡμέρας: 'twice seven days')→ measure or countἑπτά: 'seven'; indeclinable cardinal; doubled by δίς to yield the fourteen-day impurity for a daughter.
ἡμέραςdaysAccusativeaccusative of duration→ object specificationἡμέρα: 'day'; accusative of extent of time.
κατὰaccording topreposition + accusative (norm/standard)→ spatial or relational framingκατά + acc.: 'according to'; again invokes the menstrual analogy as the measure of the impurity.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with ἄφεδρον)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄφεδρονmenstruationAccusativeaccusative object of κατά ('according to the menstruation')→ object specificationἄφεδρος: the LXX term for menstrual separation/impurity, rendering נִדָּה; here in the accusative after κατά, abbreviating the fuller phrase of v. 2 (χωρισμοῦ τῆς ἀφέδρου).
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (introducing the purification period)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἑξήκονταsixtyAccusativenumeral (with ἓξ and ἡμέρας: 'sixty-six days')→ measure or countἑξήκοντα: 'sixty'; indeclinable cardinal; with ἓξ forms 'sixty-six', exactly double the thirty-three days of the male-child case.
ἡμέραςdaysAccusativeaccusative of duration→ object specificationἡμέρα: 'day'; accusative of extent of time for the purification period.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (joining the numerals)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἓξsixAccusativenumeral (with ἑξήκοντα: 'sixty-six')→ object specificationἕξ: 'six'; indeclinable cardinal completing 'sixty-six' (ἑξήκοντα … καὶ ἕξ), the doubled purification term.
καθεσθήσεταιshe shall remain / sitFut Pass Indic 3 Sg · καθέζομαιmain verb (the woman's continued state)→ legislative future (durative: 'she shall stay')καθέζομαι / καθίζω (fut. pass. καθεσθήσεται): 'sit / remain'; renders תֵּשֵׁב; a variant of v. 4's καθήσεται denoting her continuance in impurity for the doubled period.
ἐνinpreposition + dative (state/condition)→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (state/condition).
αἵματιbloodDativedative of state (with ἐν: 'in blood')→ sphere or referenceαἷμα: 'blood'; renders דָּם; the same idiom as v. 4 ('in her impure blood').
ἀκαθάρτῳimpureDativeattributive adjective (modifying αἵματι)→ sphere or referenceἀκάθαρτος: 'impure'; modifies αἵματι, repeating the construction of v. 4.
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive of possession (with αἵματι)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', specifying whose blood.
6
καὶ ὅταν ἀναπληρωθῶσιν αἱ ἡμέραι καθάρσεως αὐτῆς ἐφ᾿ υἱῷ ἢ ἐπὶ θυγατρί προσοίσει ἀμνὸν ἐνιαύσιον ἄμωμον εἰς ὁλοκαύτωμα καὶ νεοσσὸν περιστερᾶς ἢ τρυγόνα περὶ ἁμαρτίας ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου πρὸς τὸν ἱερέα
And when the days of her purification are completed, whether for a son or for a daughter, she shall bring a year-old lamb without blemish for a burnt offering, and a young pigeon or a turtledove for a sin offering, to the door of the tent of meeting, to the priest.
The temporal ὅταν-clause closes the purification period (for either sex: ἐφ᾿ υἱῷ ἢ ἐπὶ θυγατρί) and triggers the offering. Two animals are prescribed: a year-old lamb for a burnt offering (ὁλοκαύτωμα) and a bird (pigeon or turtledove) for a sin offering (περὶ ἁμαρτίας), brought to the priest at the tent of meeting. This is the full, non-reduced form of the offering; v. 8 will supply the poverty alternative.
Word-by-word analysis· 35 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὅτανwhentemporal conjunction (+ subjunctive)→ discourse linkage or contrastὅταν: 'when(ever)'; with the subjunctive ἀναπληρωθῶσιν it marks the point at which the purification is complete and the offering becomes due.
ἀναπληρωθῶσινare completedAor Pass Subj 3 Pl · ἀναπληρόωverb of temporal clause (subject αἱ ἡμέραι)→ constative aorist subjunctive (completion of the period)ἀναπληρόω: 'fill up / complete'; the compound ἀνα- intensifies πληρόω (v. 4); renders מְלֹאת; the days reaching their full count ends the purification and inaugurates the offering.
αἱtheNominativearticle (with ἡμέραι)→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραιdaysNominativesubject of ἀναπληρωθῶσιν→ participant prominenceἡμέρα (pl.): 'day'; the subject 'the days of her purification', echoing v. 4.
καθάρσεωςof purificationGenitivegenitive (defining ἡμέραι)→ relational specificationκάθαρσις: 'purification'; renders טָהֳרָה; cognate with καθαρίζω (vv. 7–8).
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive of possession (with καθάρσεως)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her'.
ἐφ᾿forpreposition (ἐπί elided) + dative (reference: 'in the case of')→ spatial or relational framingἐπί + dat.: here 'for / in the case of'; the pair ἐφ᾿ υἱῷ ἢ ἐπὶ θυγατρί extends the same offering to both male and female births.
υἱῷa sonDativedative object of ἐφ᾿ (reference)→ sphere or referenceυἱός: 'son'; dative of reference, the first member of the inclusive pair 'whether for a son or a daughter'.
ἢordisjunctive conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastἤ: 'or'; disjunction linking the son-case and daughter-case under one offering rule.
ἐπὶforpreposition + dative (reference, parallel to ἐφ᾿)→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (reference, parallel to ἐφ᾿).
θυγατρίa daughterDativedative object of ἐπί (reference)→ sphere or referenceθυγάτηρ: 'daughter'; renders בַּת; the second member of the pair, confirming the identical sacrifice regardless of the child's sex.
προσοίσειshe shall bringFut Act Indic 3 Sg · προσφέρωmain verb (the prescribed offering-act)→ legislative future (binding cultic act)προσφέρω: 'bring / offer / present'; the technical LXX verb for presenting a sacrifice (rendering הִקְרִיב); the subject is the purified mother.
ἀμνὸνa lambAccusativedirect object of προσοίσει→ object specificationἀμνός: 'lamb'; renders כֶּבֶשׂ; the prescribed burnt-offering animal — the costly option that v. 8 will allow the poor to replace.
ἐνιαύσιονa year oldAccusativeattributive adjective (modifying ἀμνόν)→ object specificationἐνιαύσιος: 'a year old / yearling'; renders בֶּן־שְׁנָתוֹ ('son of its year'); the age-qualification for an acceptable sacrificial lamb.
ἄμωμονwithout blemishAccusativeattributive adjective (modifying ἀμνόν)→ object specificationἄμωμος: 'unblemished / without defect'; renders תָּמִים; the standard requirement of cultic perfection for sacrificial victims, applied by NT writers to Christ (1 Pet 1:19; Heb 9:14).
εἰςforpreposition + accusative (purpose: designating the offering-type)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς + acc.: 'for / as'; designates the purpose/category of the animal — 'for a burnt offering'.
ὁλοκαύτωμαa burnt offeringAccusativeaccusative object of εἰς (offering category)→ object specificationὁλοκαύτωμα: 'whole burnt offering'; renders עֹלָה; the sacrifice wholly consumed on the altar, here expressing the worshipper's restored access and devotion.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (introducing the second offering)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νεοσσὸνa young (bird)Accusativedirect object of προσοίσει (second offering)→ object specificationνεοσσός: 'young (of a bird), nestling'; renders בֶּן־ (in בֶּן־יוֹנָה, 'young pigeon'); the bird supplied for the sin offering.
περιστερᾶςof a pigeon / doveGenitivegenitive (defining νεοσσόν: 'young of a pigeon')→ relational specificationπεριστερά: 'pigeon / dove'; renders יוֹנָה; νεοσσὸν περιστερᾶς ('a young pigeon') is the fixed LXX phrase for the affordable sacrificial bird.
ἢordisjunctive conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastἤ: 'or'; offering a choice of bird-species for the sin offering.
τρυγόναa turtledoveAccusativedirect object (alternative to νεοσσόν)→ object specificationτρυγών: 'turtledove'; renders תֹּר; paired throughout the Levitical bird-offerings with the pigeon (cf. Lev 1:14; 5:7; 14:22).
περὶforpreposition + genitive (designating the offering-type: 'concerning sin')→ spatial or relational framingπερί + gen.: 'concerning / for'; the phrase περὶ ἁμαρτίας ('for sin') is the technical LXX designation of the sin offering (rendering חַטָּאת).
ἁμαρτίαςsinGenitivegenitive object of περί (offering category: 'a sin offering')→ relational specificationἁμαρτία: 'sin'; here in the idiom (τὸ) περὶ ἁμαρτίας = the sin offering; the bird removes the residual impurity associated with childbirth, not a moral transgression.
ἐπὶtopreposition + accusative (direction/place)→ spatial or relational framingἐπί + acc.: 'to / at'; marks the place where the offering is brought.
τὴνtheAccusativearticle (with θύραν)→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θύρανdoorAccusativeaccusative object of ἐπί ('to the door')→ object specificationθύρα: 'door / entrance'; renders פֶּתַח; 'the door of the tent of meeting' is the designated place of presentation for offerings (cf. Lev 1:3).
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with σκηνῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σκηνῆςtentGenitivegenitive (defining θύραν: 'door of the tent')→ relational specificationσκηνή: 'tent / tabernacle'; renders אֹהֶל; σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου is the fixed LXX rendering of אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד, 'the tent of meeting'.
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with μαρτυρίου)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μαρτυρίουof meeting / witnessGenitivegenitive (defining σκηνῆς: 'tent of meeting')→ relational specificationμαρτύριον: 'testimony / witness'; the LXX renders מוֹעֵד ('appointed meeting') by μαρτύριον (associating it with the עֵדוּת, the testimony/tablets), yielding the standard phrase 'tent of witness/meeting'.
πρὸςtopreposition + accusative (direction toward a person)→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (direction toward a person).
τὸνtheAccusativearticle (with ἱερέα)→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερέαpriestAccusativeaccusative object of πρός ('to the priest')→ object specificationἱερεύς: 'priest'; renders כֹּהֵן; the priest is the mediator who presents the offering and pronounces the atonement (v. 7).
7
καὶ προσοίσει ἔναντι κυρίου καὶ ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτῆς ὁ ἱερεὺς καὶ καθαριεῖ αὐτὴν ἀπὸ τῆς πηγῆς τοῦ αἵματος αὐτῆς οὗτος ὁ νόμος τῆς τικτούσης ἄρσεν ἢ θῆλυ
And he shall offer it before the LORD, and the priest shall make atonement for her, and shall cleanse her from the fountain of her blood. This is the law of her who bears a male or a female.
The priest presents the offering before YHWH and performs the twin acts of the rite: ἐξιλάσεται ('makes atonement') and καθαριεῖ ('cleanses') — the chapter's defining atonement-purification formula. The verse ends with a subscription, οὗτος ὁ νόμος ('this is the law'), the standard Levitical colophon (cf. Lev 6:9; 7:1; 14:54), summarizing the whole rite as applying equally to the mother of a son or a daughter.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandnarrative conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσοίσειhe shall offerFut Act Indic 3 Sg · προσφέρωmain verb (the priest presents the offering)→ legislative future (binding cultic act)προσφέρω: 'bring / offer'; the subject shifts to the priest (ὁ ἱερεύς, named below) who presents the offering before YHWH on the woman's behalf.
ἔναντιbeforepreposition + genitive (in the presence of)→ spatial or relational framingἔναντι: 'before / in the presence of'; renders לִפְנֵי; locates the offering in the divine presence at the sanctuary.
κυρίουthe LORDGenitivegenitive object of ἔναντι (the divine presence)→ relational specificationκύριος (gen. κυρίου): the standard LXX rendering of the Tetragrammaton יהוה; 'before the LORD' marks the offering as presented in YHWH's own presence.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξιλάσεταιshall make atonementFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · ἐξιλάσκομαιmain verb (priestly atonement, governs περὶ αὐτῆς)→ legislative future (efficacious cultic act)ἐξιλάσκομαι: 'make atonement / propitiate / expiate'; the standard LXX rendering of כִּפֶּר (Piel of כפר); the compound ἐξ- intensifies; with περί + gen. ('for her') it denotes atonement made on the woman's behalf — the central verb of the priestly cult.
περὶforpreposition + genitive (on behalf of)→ spatial or relational framingπερί + gen.: 'for / on behalf of'; the standard complement of ἐξιλάσκομαι, marking the beneficiary of the atonement.
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive object of περί (the woman)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', the beneficiary of the priest's atonement.
ὁtheNominativearticle (with ἱερεύς)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεὺςpriestNominativesubject (of ἐξιλάσεται and καθαριεῖ)→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: 'priest'; renders כֹּהֵן; the explicit nominative subject of the atonement and cleansing verbs, identifying the priest as the cultic agent.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καθαριεῖshall cleanseFut Act Indic 3 Sg · καθαρίζωmain verb (the priestly cleansing)→ legislative future (efficacious cultic act)καθαρίζω: 'cleanse / purify / declare clean'; renders טִהַר (Piel); paired with ἐξιλάσεται as the second half of the rite's effect — the priest both atones and cleanses, restoring the woman to ritual purity.
αὐτὴνherAccusativedirect object of καθαριεῖ→ participant referenceαὐτός: personal pronoun; accusative 'her', the object of the cleansing.
ἀπὸfrompreposition + genitive (separation/source)→ spatial or relational framingἀπό: 'from'; marks that from which she is cleansed.
τῆςtheGenitivearticle (with πηγῆς)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πηγῆςfountain / flowGenitivegenitive object of ἀπό ('from the fountain')→ relational specificationπηγή: 'spring / fountain / source'; renders מָקוֹר; 'the fountain of her blood' (πηγὴ τοῦ αἵματος) is a vivid metaphor for the source of the post-partum flow from which she is cleansed (cf. the same idiom at Mark 5:29, πηγὴ τοῦ αἵματος).
τοῦof theGenitivearticle (with αἵματος)→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἵματοςbloodGenitivegenitive (defining πηγῆς: 'fountain of the blood')→ relational specificationαἷμα: 'blood'; renders דָּם; the blood whose 'fountain' is the source of the impurity now cleansed.
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive of possession (with αἵματος)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', specifying whose blood.
οὗτοςthisNominativedemonstrative pronoun (subject of the subscription formula)→ participant referenceοὗτος: 'this'; the demonstrative opens the colophon οὗτος ὁ νόμος ('this is the law'), the recurring Levitical subscription summarizing a completed ordinance.
ὁtheNominativearticle (with νόμος)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νόμοςlawNominativepredicate nominative (with implied ἐστίν)→ participant prominenceνόμος: 'law / instruction'; renders תּוֹרָה; the formula οὗτος ὁ νόμος τῆς … ('this is the law of …') is the standard Levitical subscription closing a ritual unit (cf. Lev 6:9; 7:1, 11; 14:2, 54).
τῆςof theGenitivearticle (with the substantival participle τικτούσης)→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τικτούσηςher who bearsPres Act Ptcp Gen Sg Fem · τίκτωsubstantival participle (genitive: 'of the woman who bears')→ gnomic/customary present participle (the typical case)τίκτω (pres. ptcp.): the articular feminine participle τῆς τικτούσης functions as a noun, 'the woman who gives birth'; renders the Hebrew construct הַיֹּלֶדֶת ('she who bears'); defines the scope of the law.
ἄρσενa maleAccusativedirect object of τικτούσης→ object specificationἄρσην / ἄρσεν: 'male'; neuter accusative, object of the participle; the law covers the mother of a son.
ἢordisjunctive conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastἤ: 'or'; the closing disjunction reaffirms that the law applies to either sex of child.
θῆλυa femaleAccusativedirect object of τικτούσης (alternative to ἄρσεν)→ object specificationθῆλυς / θῆλυ: 'female'; neuter accusative; the inclusive ἄρσεν ἢ θῆλυ closes the law as it opened, embracing both male and female births.
8
ἐὰν δὲ μὴ εὑρίσκῃ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτῆς τὸ ἱκανὸν εἰς ἀμνόν καὶ λήμψεται δύο τρυγόνας ἢ δύο νεοσσοὺς περιστερῶν μίαν εἰς ὁλοκαύτωμα καὶ μίαν περὶ ἁμαρτίας καὶ ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτῆς ὁ ἱερεύς καὶ καθαρισθήσεται
But if her hand cannot find enough for a lamb, then she shall take two turtledoves or two young pigeons, one for a burnt offering and one for a sin offering; and the priest shall make atonement for her, and she shall be cleansed.
The chapter's headline crux and its concluding provision. The Hebraism εὑρίσκῃ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτῆς ('her hand finds', = 'she can afford', rendering תַּשִּׂיג יָדָהּ) introduces a graded mercy: a poor mother substitutes two birds for the lamb-plus-bird offering — one for the burnt offering, one for the sin offering. The atonement-cleansing formula (ἐξιλάσεται … καθαρισθήσεται) closes the chapter. This is precisely the offering Mary brings at Luke 2:24 (ζεῦγος τρυγόνων ἢ δύο νοσσοὺς περιστερῶν), the Lukan citation marking the poverty of the holy family.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
ἐὰνifconditional conjunction (+ subjunctive)→ discourse linkage or contrastἐάν: 'if'; introduces the concessive protasis providing for the poor, rendering וְאִם.
δὲbutadversative particle (post-positive)→ discourse linkage or contrastδέ: post-positive; adversative, setting the poverty-case against the standard offering of vv. 6–7.
μὴnotnegative particle (with the subjunctive εὑρίσκῃ)→ discourse linkage or contrastμή: the subjective negative used with the subjunctive in the conditional protasis.
εὑρίσκῃfindsPres Act Subj 3 Sg · εὑρίσκωverb of conditional protasis (subject ἡ χεὶρ αὐτῆς)→ customary present subjunctive (habitual ability/means)εὑρίσκω: 'find'; in the idiom εὑρίσκῃ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτῆς it renders the Hebrew תַּשִּׂיג יָדָהּ ('her hand reaches/attains'), a stock expression for financial means — 'if she cannot afford'.
ἡtheNominativearticle (with χείρ)→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
χεὶρhandNominativesubject of εὑρίσκῃ (idiom for 'means')→ participant prominenceχείρ: 'hand'; renders יָד; in this Hebraism the 'hand' that 'finds' stands for a person's economic capacity; the whole phrase = 'if she lacks the means'.
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive of possession (with χείρ)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', specifying whose hand/means.
τὸtheAccusativearticle (with ἱκανόν)→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱκανὸνwhat is sufficientAccusativesubstantival adjective (direct object of εὑρίσκῃ: 'the sufficient amount')→ object specificationἱκανός: 'sufficient / enough'; the neuter substantive τὸ ἱκανόν ('what is enough') renders the Hebrew דֵּי ('sufficiency'); the object of her 'finding' — enough means to buy a lamb.
εἰςforpreposition + accusative (purpose: 'for a lamb')→ spatial or relational framingεἰς + acc.: 'for'; here 'enough for a lamb', i.e. sufficient to purchase the lamb of v. 6.
ἀμνόνa lambAccusativeaccusative object of εἰς→ object specificationἀμνός: 'lamb'; renders כֶּבֶשׂ; the costly offering of v. 6 that the poor mother cannot afford, prompting the concession.
καὶthenapodotic καί (introducing the consequence)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαί: apodotic, marking the legal provision that follows from the poverty-condition (waw-apodosis Hebraism).
λήμψεταιshe shall takeFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · λαμβάνωmain verb (the reduced offering)→ legislative future (the permitted alternative)λαμβάνω (fut. λήμψεται): 'take / receive'; renders לָקַח; the Hellenistic spelling with intrusive -μ- (λήμψεται) is standard in the LXX; she 'takes' the two birds as her substitute offering.
δύοtwoAccusativenumeral (with τρυγόνας)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; indeclinable here in the accusative; δύο τρυγόνας is the reduced offering — the very phrase echoed in Luke 2:24.
τρυγόναςturtledovesAccusativedirect object of λήμψεται→ object specificationτρυγών (pl. τρυγόνας): 'turtledove'; renders תֹּר; the affordable substitute for the lamb (cf. Lev 5:7); δύο τρυγόνας is the offering of the poor.
ἢordisjunctive conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastἤ: 'or'; offering a choice between the two affordable bird-species.
δύοtwoAccusativenumeral (with νεοσσούς)→ measure or countδύο: 'two'; repeated for the alternative bird, 'two young pigeons'.
νεοσσοὺςyoung (birds)Accusativedirect object of λήμψεται (alternative to τρυγόνας)→ object specificationνεοσσός (pl. νεοσσούς): 'young (of a bird), nestling'; with περιστερῶν, 'young of pigeons'; the second affordable option.
περιστερῶνof pigeons / dovesGenitivegenitive plural (defining νεοσσούς: 'young of pigeons')→ relational specificationπεριστερά (gen. pl. περιστερῶν): 'pigeon / dove'; renders יוֹנָה; δύο νεοσσοὺς περιστερῶν is precisely the phrase Luke 2:24 cites (δύο νοσσοὺς περιστερῶν) for the offering of Mary.
μίανoneAccusativenumeral (distributive: 'one bird')→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: 'one'; the feminine μίαν agrees with τρυγόνα/περιστεράν understood; the first of the two birds is assigned to the burnt offering.
εἰςforpreposition + accusative (purpose: offering-type)→ spatial or relational framingεἰς + acc.: 'for / as'; designates the offering-category of the first bird.
ὁλοκαύτωμαa burnt offeringAccusativeaccusative object of εἰς→ object specificationὁλοκαύτωμα: 'whole burnt offering'; renders עֹלָה; here a single bird replaces the lamb of v. 6 as the burnt offering.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μίανoneAccusativenumeral (the second bird)→ measure or countεἷς, μία, ἕν: 'one'; the second bird, assigned to the sin offering.
περὶforpreposition + genitive (offering-type: 'for sin')→ spatial or relational framingπερί + gen.: in the idiom περὶ ἁμαρτίας = 'as a sin offering' (rendering חַטָּאת).
ἁμαρτίαςsinGenitivegenitive object of περί (offering category)→ relational specificationἁμαρτία: 'sin'; the second bird serves as the sin offering, paralleling the bird of v. 6.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξιλάσεταιshall make atonementFut Mid Indic 3 Sg · ἐξιλάσκομαιmain verb (priestly atonement, governs περὶ αὐτῆς)→ legislative future (efficacious cultic act)ἐξιλάσκομαι: 'make atonement'; renders כִּפֶּר; the same atonement-verb as v. 7, here closing the poverty-case — the cheaper offering is no less efficacious.
περὶforpreposition + genitive (on behalf of)→ spatial or relational framingπερί + gen.: 'on behalf of'; the complement of ἐξιλάσκομαι.
αὐτῆςherGenitivegenitive object of περί (the woman)→ relational specificationαὐτός: personal pronoun; genitive 'her', the beneficiary of the atonement.
ὁtheNominativearticle (with ἱερεύς)→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἱερεύςpriestNominativesubject of ἐξιλάσεται→ participant prominenceἱερεύς: 'priest'; renders כֹּהֵן; the cultic agent who effects the atonement, as in v. 7.
καὶandcoordinate conjunction (introducing the result)→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καθαρισθήσεταιshe shall be cleansedFut Pass Indic 3 Sg · καθαρίζωmain verb (concluding result: the woman's restored purity)→ legislative future (resultant cleansing, passive)καθαρίζω (fut. pass. καθαρισθήσεται): 'be cleansed / made pure'; renders וְטָהֵרָה; the passive closes the chapter on the woman's restored ritual purity — the goal of the whole rite (ἐξιλάσεται … καθαρισθήσεται, the chapter's defining atonement-purification formula).