1
καὶ ἔσται ἐπ' ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν ἐμφανὲς τὸ ὄρος τοῦ κυρίου ἕτοιμον ἐπὶ τὰς κορυφὰς τῶν ὀρέων καὶ μετεωρισθήσεται ὑπεράνω τῶν βουνῶν καὶ σπεύσουσιν πρὸς αὐτὸ λαοί
And it shall be in the last days that the mountain of the Lord shall be manifest, prepared upon the peaks of the mountains, and it shall be lifted high above the hills, and peoples shall hasten to it.
The chapter begins with Zion's future prominence as the visible center toward which the nations move.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔσταιbeV9 FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐσχάτωνlastA1 GPF · ἔσχατοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔσχατος: meaning 'last'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμερῶνdayN1A GPF · ἡμέραgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἐμφανὲςmanifestA3H NSN · ἐμφανήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionἐμφανής: meaning 'manifest'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄροςmountainN3E NSN · ὄροςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἕτοιμονpreparedA1 ASN · ἕτοιμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ deliverance, judgment, and redeemed praiseἕτοιμος: meaning 'prepared'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κορυφὰςpeaksN1 APF · κορυφήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement→ day of the Lord, repentance, and restorationκορυφή: meaning 'peaks'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or complement.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀρέωνmountainsN3E GPN · ὄροςGenitive modifier→ relational specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountains'; it serves as Genitive modifier.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μετεωρισθήσεταιshall be lifted highVS FPI3S · μετεωρίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseμετεωρίζω: meaning 'shall be lifted high'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπεράνωaboveD · ὑπεράνωpreposition taking a complement within the phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὑπεράνω: meaning 'above'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition taking a complement within the phrase.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουνῶνhillsN2 GPM · βουνόςgenitive dependent within the phrase→ relational specificationβουνός: meaning 'hills'; it serves as genitive dependent within the phrase.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σπεύσουσινhurryVF FAI3P · σπεύδωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ siege, plunder, and imperial collapseσπεύδω: meaning 'hurry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
αὐτὸitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
λαοίpeopleN2 NPM · λαόςnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause.
2
καὶ πορεύσονται ἔθνη πολλὰ καὶ ἐροῦσιν δεῦτε ἀναβῶμεν εἰς τὸ ὄρος κυρίου καὶ εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ Ιακωβ καὶ δείξουσιν ἡμῖν τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ πορευσόμεθα ἐν ταῖς τρίβοις αὐτοῦ ὅτι ἐκ Σιων ἐξελεύσεται νόμος καὶ λόγος κυρίου ἐξ Ιερουσαλημ
And many nations shall go and say, “Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord and to the house of the God of Jacob, and they will show us his way, and we will walk in his paths,” because from Zion the law shall go forth, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.
The nations themselves voice the desire to receive divine instruction from Zion.
Word-by-word analysis· 41 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορεύσονταιporeyomaiVF FMI3P · πορεύομαιfinite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense→ constative aoristπορεύομαι: meaning 'poreyomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense.
ἔθνηnationsN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
πολλὰmanyA1 NPN · πολύςattributive adjective (modifying σκῦλα)→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as attributive adjective (modifying σκῦλα).
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐροῦσινsaidVF2 FAI3P · εἶπονfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
δεῦτεcomeD · δεῦτεparticle or adverb shaping the clause-level relation→ hortatory (summons to action)δεῦτε: meaning 'come'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναβῶμενlet us go upVZ AAS1P · βαίνω + ἀναhortatory subjunctive launching the ascent to the sanctuary→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeβαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'let us go up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as hortatory subjunctive launching the ascent to the sanctuary.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄροςmountainN3E ASN · ὄροςnominal term functioning in a acc relation→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a acc relation.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οἶκονhouseN2 ASM · οἶκοςhead noun within the clause→ object specificationοἶκος: meaning 'house'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ΙακωβJacobN GSM · Ἰακώβconnective or particle shaping the flow of the clause→ participant identificationΙακωβ: meaning 'Jacob'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δείξουσινthey will showVF FAI3P · δεικνύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseδεικνύω: meaning 'they will show'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form functioning as a dative complement→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form functioning as a dative complement.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδὸνwayN2 ASF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ object specificationὁδὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορευσόμεθαwe will goVF FMI1P · πορεύομαιmain future verb declaring the household's course→ futureπορεύομαι: meaning 'we will go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main future verb declaring the household's course.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τρίβοιςpathN2 DPF · τρίβοςdative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceτρίβος: meaning 'path'; it serves as dative nominal element expressing sphere, reference, means, or indirect object.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΣιωνZionN GS · Σιωνproper name in apposition to ὄρος→ discourse linkage or contrastΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in apposition to ὄρος.
ἐξελεύσεταιshall come forthVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verb (prophetic prediction)→ future middle verbal form projecting a coming actionἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'shall come forth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (prophetic prediction).
νόμοςlawN2 NSM · νόμοςsubject or predicate element within the clause→ participant prominenceνόμος: meaning 'law'; it serves as subject or predicate element within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λόγοςwordN2 NSM · λόγοςcommon noun within the clause→ participant prominenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐξ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper-name item in the genealogical chain.
3
καὶ κρινεῖ ἀνὰ μέσον λαῶν πολλῶν καὶ ἐξελέγξει ἔθνη ἰσχυρὰ ἕως εἰς γῆν μακράν καὶ κατακόψουσιν τὰς ῥομφαίας αὐτῶν εἰς ἄροτρα καὶ τὰ δόρατα αὐτῶν εἰς δρέπανα καὶ οὐκέτι μὴ ἀντάρῃ ἔθνος ἐπ' ἔθνος ῥομφαίαν καὶ οὐκέτι μὴ μάθωσιν πολεμεῖν
And he shall judge among many peoples, and he shall convict strong nations as far as a distant land, and they shall beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into sickles, and nation shall no longer lift up sword against nation, nor shall they learn war any longer.
The Lord's rule replaces international violence with adjudicated peace and disarmed labor.
Word-by-word analysis· 40 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κρινεῖkrinoVF2 FAI3S · κρίνωmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardκρίνω: meaning 'krino'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
ἀνὰbetweenP · ἀνάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀνὰ: meaning 'between'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
μέσονmidstA1 ASN · μέσοςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ object specificationμέσος: meaning 'midst'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.
λαῶνpeopleN2 GPM · λαόςgenitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or description→ relational specificationλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as genitive element expressing relation, source, possession, or description.
πολλῶνmanyA1 GPM · πολύςmodifier of τόπων→ relational specificationπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as modifier of τόπων.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξελέγξειwill convictVF FAI3S · ἐλέγχω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseἐλέγχω + ἐκ: meaning 'will convict'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἰσχυρὰstrongA1A APN · ἰσχυρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ public wisdom and created orderἰσχυρός: meaning 'strong'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
μακράνfarD · μακράνindeclinable modifier of βασιλέων→ discourse linkage or contrastμακράν: meaning 'far'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατακόψουσινcut downVF FAI3P · κόπτω + καταfuture verb projecting the coming action→ futureκόπτω + κατα: meaning 'cut down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as future verb projecting the coming action.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ῥομφαίαςswordsN1A APF · ῥομφαίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ nations judged and zion securedῥομφαία: meaning 'swords'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἄροτραthreshing sledgeN2N APN · ἄροτρονaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedἄροτρον: meaning 'threshing sledge'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόραταspearsN3 APN · δόρυaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationδόρυ: meaning 'spears'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
δρέπαναsickleN2N APN · δρέπανονaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ nations judged and zion securedδρέπανον: meaning 'sickle'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκέτιno longerD · οὐκέτιadverb qualifying the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκέτι: meaning 'no longer'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἀντάρῃlift upVA AAS3S · αἴρω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseαἴρω + ἀντι: meaning 'lift up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔθνοςnationN3E NSN · ἔθνοςnominative term in clause/list→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as nominative term in clause/list.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἔθνοςnationN3E ASN · ἔθνοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ῥομφαίανswordN1A ASF · ῥομφαίαcommon noun within the clause→ object specificationῥομφαία: meaning 'sword'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκέτιno longerD · οὐκέτιadverb qualifying the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκέτι: meaning 'no longer'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
μάθωσινthey may learnVB AAS3P · μανθάνωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ ingressive aorist subjunctive (come to learn)μανθάνω: meaning 'they may learn'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
πολεμεῖνfightV2 PAN · πολεμέωverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ constative aoristπολεμέω: meaning 'fight'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.
4
καὶ ἀναπαύσεται ἕκαστος ὑποκάτω ἀμπέλου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἕκαστος ὑποκάτω συκῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ὁ ἐκφοβῶν διότι τὸ στόμα κυρίου παντοκράτορος ἐλάλησεν ταῦτα
And each shall rest beneath his vine, and each beneath his fig tree, and there shall be no one to terrify them, because the mouth of the Lord Almighty has spoken these things.
The peace envisioned is concrete, domestic, and secured by the Lord's own speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναπαύσεταιshall restVF FMI3S · παύω + ἀναmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardπαύω + ἀνα: meaning 'shall rest'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἕκαστοςeachA1 NSM · ἕκαστοςnom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ participant prominenceἕκαστος: meaning 'each'; it serves as nom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
ὑποκάτωunderP · ὑποκάτωpreposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑποκάτω: meaning 'under'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase.
ἀμπέλουvineN2 GSF · ἄμπελοςgenitive of source (with ἐκ: 'from the vine of')→ nominal, pronominal, or adjectival contribution to the oracle's imagery and argumentἄμπελος: meaning 'vine'; it serves as genitive of source (with ἐκ: 'from the vine of').
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕκαστοςeachA1 NSM · ἕκαστοςnom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ participant prominenceἕκαστος: meaning 'each'; it serves as nom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
ὑποκάτωunderP · ὑποκάτωpreposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑποκάτω: meaning 'under'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing a complement or adverbial phrase.
συκῆςof a fig treeN1 GSF · συκῆgenitive of source (leaves from the fig tree)→ relational specificationσυκῆ: meaning 'of a fig tree'; it serves as genitive of source (leaves from the fig tree).
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔσταιbeV9 FMI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκφοβῶνfrighteningV2 · παπνσμ φοβέω + ἐκsubstantival participle identifying a potential oppressor→ participial verbal force supplying description or accompanimentπαπνσμ φοβέω + ἐκ: meaning 'frightening'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as substantival participle identifying a potential oppressor.
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στόμαmouthN3M NSN · στόμαsubject of ἀπεφράγη→ participant prominenceστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as subject of ἀπεφράγη.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
παντοκράτοροςAlmightyN3R GSM · παντοκράτωρgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ qualificationπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
ἐλάλησενspeakVAI AAI3S · λαλέωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ constative aoristλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
ταῦταthese thingsRD APN · οὗτοςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participant referenceταῦτα: meaning 'these things'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
5
ὅτι πάντες οἱ λαοὶ πορεύσονται ἕκαστος τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς δὲ πορευσόμεθα ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου θεοῦ ἡμῶν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ ἐπέκεινα
Because all the peoples shall walk each in his own way, but we shall walk in the name of the Lord our God forever and beyond.
The prophet contrasts the nations' present diversity with Judah's enduring allegiance to the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάντεςallA3 NPM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λαοὶpeopleN2 NPM · λαόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πορεύσονταιporeyomaiVF FMI3P · πορεύομαιfinite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense→ constative aoristπορεύομαι: meaning 'poreyomai'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense.
ἕκαστοςeachA1 NSM · ἕκαστοςnom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ participant prominenceἕκαστος: meaning 'each'; it serves as nom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁδὸνwayN2 ASF · ὁδόςarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ object specificationὁδὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ἡμεῖςweRP NP · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participant referenceἡμεῖς: meaning 'we'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορευσόμεθαwe will goVF FMI1P · πορεύομαιmain future verb declaring the household's course→ futureπορεύομαι: meaning 'we will go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main future verb declaring the household's course.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὀνόματιnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
θεοῦGodN2 GSM · θεόςgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπέκειναbeyondD · ἐπέκειναadverb of continuation→ discourse linkage or contrastἐπέκεινα: meaning 'beyond'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
6
ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ λέγει κύριος συνάξω τὴν συντετριμμένην καὶ τὴν ἐξωσμένην εἰσδέξομαι καὶ οὓς ἀπωσάμην
In that day, says the Lord, I will gather her who has been shattered, and I will receive her who has been driven away, and those whom I rejected.
The Lord turns specifically toward the wounded and expelled members of his people.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέρᾳdayN1A DSF · ἡμέραcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐκείνῃthatRD DSF · ἐκεῖνοςpronoun marking reference, means, or location→ participant reference or interestἐκείνῃ: meaning 'that'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun marking reference, means, or location.
λέγειsayV1 PAI3S · λέγωparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
συνάξωgatherVF FAI1S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἄγω + συν: meaning 'gather'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συντετριμμένηνher who has been shatteredVP · χππασφ τρίβω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseχππασφ τρίβω + συν: meaning 'her who has been shattered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐξωσμένηνher who has been driven awayVT · χππασφ ὠθέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseχππασφ ὠθέω + ἐκ: meaning 'her who has been driven away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰσδέξομαιreceiveVF FMI1S · δέχομαι + εἰςmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future middle verbal form projecting a coming actionδέχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'receive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὓςwho / whomRR APM · ὅςaccusative object or complement→ participant referenceοὓς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative object or complement.
ἀπωσάμηνI rejectedVAI AMI1S · ὠθέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseὠθέω + ἀπο: meaning 'I rejected'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
7
καὶ θήσομαι τὴν συντετριμμένην εἰς ὑπόλειμμα καὶ τὴν ἀπωσμένην εἰς ἔθνος ἰσχυρόν καὶ βασιλεύσει κύριος ἐπ' αὐτοὺς ἐν ὄρει Σιων ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν καὶ ἕως εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα
And I will make her who has been shattered into a remnant, and her who has been cast away into a strong nation, and the Lord shall reign over them on Mount Zion from now on and forever.
The broken remnant becomes the people over whom the Lord visibly reigns from Zion.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θήσομαιplace / appointVF FMI1S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ futureτίθημι: meaning 'place'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
συντετριμμένηνher who has been shatteredVP · χππασφ τρίβω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseχππασφ τρίβω + συν: meaning 'her who has been shattered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὑπόλειμμαremainderN3M ASN · ὑπόλειμμαdirect object of κατέφαγον→ levitical covenant, marital treachery, and coming purificationὑπόλειμμα: meaning 'remainder'; it serves as direct object of κατέφαγον.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀπωσμένηνher who has been cast awayVT · χππασφ ὠθέω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseχππασφ ὠθέω + ἀπο: meaning 'her who has been cast away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἔθνοςnationN3E ASN · ἔθνοςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nation'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
ἰσχυρόνstrongA1A ASN · ἰσχυρόςattributive adjective modifying πλῆθοςἰσχυρός: meaning 'strong'; it serves as attributive adjective modifying πλῆθος.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βασιλεύσειreignedVF FAI3S · βασιλεύωverbal form carrying the action of the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardβασιλεύω: meaning 'reigned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ὄρειhill country / mountainN3E DSN · ὄροςcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceὄρος: meaning 'hill country'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ΣιωνZionN GS · Σιωνproper name in apposition to ὄρος→ discourse linkage or contrastΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in apposition to ὄρος.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
8
καὶ σύ πύργος ποιμνίου αὐχμώδης θύγατερ Σιων ἐπὶ σὲ ἥξει καὶ εἰσελεύσεται ἡ ἀρχὴ ἡ πρώτη βασιλεία ἐκ Βαβυλῶνος τῇ θυγατρὶ Ιερουσαλημ
And you, tower of the flock, parched daughter Zion, upon you shall come and enter the former dominion, the kingdom from Babylon, to the daughter of Jerusalem.
The prophetic address identifies Zion as the place to which the first dominion will return after exile.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σύyouRP NS · σύnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceσύ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
πύργοςtowerN2 NSM · πύργοςcommon noun within the clause→ participant prominenceπύργος: meaning 'tower'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ποιμνίουof the flockN2N GSN · ποίμνιονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational qualificationποίμνιον: meaning 'of the flock'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐχμώδηςparchedA3H NSM · αὐχμώδηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionαὐχμώδης: meaning 'parched'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θύγατερdaughterN3 VSF · θυγάτηρvocative element used in direct address→ direct addressθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughter'; it serves as vocative element used in direct address.
ΣιωνZionN GS · Σιωνproper name in apposition to ὄρος→ discourse linkage or contrastΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in apposition to ὄρος.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σὲyouRP AS · σύacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceσὲ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἥξειwill comeVF FAI3S · ἥκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ futureἥκω: meaning 'will come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσελεύσεταιwent inVF FMI3S · ἔρχομαι + εἰςfinite verb advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting the action forwardἔρχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'went in'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀρχὴdominionsN1 NSF · ἀρχήaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participant prominenceἀρχή: meaning 'dominions'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πρώτηformerA1 NSF · πρῶτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or appositionπρῶτος: meaning 'former'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βασιλείαkingdomN1A NSF · βασιλείαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceβασιλεία: meaning 'kingdom'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΒαβυλῶνοςBabylonN3W GSF · Βαβυλώνgenitive of source ('from Babylon')→ participant identificationΒαβυλῶνος: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive of source ('from Babylon').
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυγατρὶthygatriN3 DSF · θυγάτηρnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ sphere or referenceθυγάτηρ: meaning 'thygatri'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
ΙερουσαλημJerusalemN GSF · Ἰερουσαλήμproper-name item in the genealogical chain→ participant identificationΙερουσαλημ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper-name item in the genealogical chain.
9
καὶ νῦν ἵνα τί ἔγνως κακά μὴ βασιλεὺς οὐκ ἦν σοι ἢ ἡ βουλή σου ἀπώλετο ὅτι κατεκράτησάν σου ὠδῖνες ὡς τικτούσης
And now why have you known evils? Was there no king for you, or has your counsel perished, that birth pains seized you like a woman giving birth?
Jerusalem's panic is framed through royal absence and labor imagery.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationἵνα: meaning 'so that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'what'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ἔγνωςgignoskoVZI AAI2S · γιγνώσκωfinite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense→ aorist verbal form presenting the action as a complete predicationγιγνώσκω: meaning 'gignosko'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or verbal form carrying the clause action or dependent verbal sense.
κακάevilA1 APN · κακόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ object specificationκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἦνwasV9 IAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ imperfective past: portrays continuing or repeated actionἦν: meaning 'was'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participant reference or interestσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουλήcounselN1 NSF · βουλήsubject (predicate-adjective construction)→ participant prominenceβουλή: meaning 'counsel'; it serves as subject (predicate-adjective construction).
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀπώλετοperishedVBI AMI3S · ὀλλύω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist verbal form presenting the action as a wholeὀλλύω + ἀπο: meaning 'perished'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατεκράτησάνseizedVAI AAI3P · κρατέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseκρατέω + κατα: meaning 'seized'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὠδῖνεςpangN3 NPF · ὠδίνnominal element functioning within the clause→ participant prominenceὠδίν: meaning 'pang'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τικτούσηςher who bearsV1 · παπγσφ τίκτωsubstantival participle (genitive: 'of the woman who bears')→ gnomic/customary present participle (the typical case)παπγσφ τίκτω: meaning 'her who bears'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as substantival participle (genitive: 'of the woman who bears').
10
ὤδινε καὶ ἀνδρίζου καὶ ἔγγιζε θύγατερ Σιων ὡς τίκτουσα διότι νῦν ἐξελεύσῃ ἐκ πόλεως καὶ κατασκηνώσεις ἐν πεδίῳ καὶ ἥξεις ἕως Βαβυλῶνος ἐκεῖθεν ῥύσεταί σε καὶ ἐκεῖθεν λυτρώσεταί σε κύριος ὁ θεός σου ἐκ χειρὸς ἐχθρῶν σου
Be in labor and take courage and draw near, daughter Zion, like a woman giving birth, because now you shall go out from the city and camp in the plain, and you shall come as far as Babylon; from there he will rescue you, and from there the Lord your God will redeem you from the hand of your enemies.
Zion must endure exile, yet Babylon itself becomes the site from which God will rescue and redeem her.
Word-by-word analysis· 37 words
ὤδινεbe in laborV1 PAD2S · ὠδίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseὠδίνω: meaning 'be in labor'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνδρίζουbe courageousV1 PMD2S · ἀνδρίζομαιparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ verbal action marked by its local tense-formἀνδρίζομαι: meaning 'be courageous'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔγγιζεdraw nearV1 PAD2S · ἐγγίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseἐγγίζω: meaning 'draw near'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θύγατερdaughterN3 VSF · θυγάτηρvocative element used in direct address→ direct addressθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughter'; it serves as vocative element used in direct address.
ΣιωνZionN GS · Σιωνproper name in apposition to ὄρος→ discourse linkage or contrastΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in apposition to ὄρος.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
τίκτουσαπαπνσφ τικτωV1 · παπνσφ τίκτωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ τίκτω: meaning 'παπνσφ τικτω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξελεύσῃyou shall go outVF FMI2S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verb (Israel's advance)→ future force: points to action still aheadἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'you shall go out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (Israel's advance).
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πόλεωςcityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationπόλις: meaning 'city'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατασκηνώσειςyou shall campVF FAI2S · σκηνόω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσκηνόω + κατα: meaning 'you shall camp'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πεδίῳfieldN2N DSN · πεδίονdative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location→ sphere or referenceπεδίον: meaning 'field'; it serves as dative substantive marking sphere, means, reference, or location.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἥξειςyou shall comeVF FAI2S · ἥκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ future verbal action projecting the oracle forwardἥκω: meaning 'you shall come'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
ΒαβυλῶνοςBabylonN3W GSF · Βαβυλώνgenitive of source ('from Babylon')→ participant identificationΒαβυλῶνος: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as genitive of source ('from Babylon').
ἐκεῖθενfrom thereD · ἐκεῖθενadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖθεν: meaning 'from there'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
ῥύσεταίwill rescueVF FMI3S · ῥύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureῥύομαι: meaning 'will rescue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκεῖθενfrom thereD · ἐκεῖθενadverbial modifier of the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖθεν: meaning 'from there'; it shapes the local clause or phrase relation in this passage.
λυτρώσεταίwill redeemVF FMI3S · λυτρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseλυτρόω: meaning 'will redeem'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεόςGodN2 NSM · θεόςhead noun within the clause→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
χειρὸςhandN3 GSF · χείρgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ relational specificationχείρ: meaning 'hand'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
ἐχθρῶνenemyN2 GPM · ἐχθρόςproper name or indeclinable element within the sequence→ relational specificationἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as proper name or indeclinable element within the sequence.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
11
καὶ νῦν ἐπισυνήχθη ἐπὶ σὲ ἔθνη πολλὰ οἱ λέγοντες ἐπιχαρούμεθα καὶ ἐπόψονται ἐπὶ Σιων οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἡμῶν
And now many nations have been gathered against you, saying, “We will rejoice, and our eyes shall look upon Zion.”
The nations assemble in confident delight over what they think is Zion's vulnerability.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπισυνήχθηgatheredVQI API3S · ἄγω + ἐπι + συνmain verb of assembly→ aorist passiveἄγω + ἐπι + συν: meaning 'gathered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb of assembly.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σὲyouRP AS · σύacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceσὲ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἔθνηnationsN3E NPN · ἔθνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier→ participant prominenceἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as nominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional identifier.
πολλὰmanyA1 NPN · πολύςattributive adjective (modifying σκῦλα)→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as attributive adjective (modifying σκῦλα).
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λέγοντεςsayingV1 · παπνπμ λέγωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ present participle introducing direct proposalπαπνπμ λέγω: meaning 'saying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἐπιχαρούμεθαwe will rejoiceVF FMI1P · χαίρω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseχαίρω + ἐπι: meaning 'we will rejoice'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπόψονταιshall look uponVF FMI3P · ὁράω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseὁράω + ἐπι: meaning 'shall look upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ΣιωνZionN AS · Σιωνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΣιων: meaning 'Zion'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμοὶeyeN2 NPM · ὀφθαλμόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
12
αὐτοὶ δὲ οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὸν λογισμὸν κυρίου καὶ οὐ συνῆκαν τὴν βουλὴν αὐτοῦ ὅτι συνήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ὡς δράγματα ἅλωνος
But they did not know the thought of the Lord, and they did not understand his counsel, because he gathered them like sheaves of a threshing floor.
The nations misunderstand their own mustering; the Lord has assembled them as grain for judgment.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
αὐτοὶhe / she / itRD NPM · αὐτόςnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὶ: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέcommon noun within the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔγνωσανgignoskoVZI AAI3P · γιγνώσκωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or state→ verbal form carrying the clause's action forwardγιγνώσκω: meaning 'gignosko'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or state.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λογισμὸνplansN2 ASM · λογισμόςObject / complement→ object specificationλογισμός: meaning 'plans'; it serves as Object / complement.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ simple negationοὐ: meaning 'not'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as adverbial modifier of the clause.
συνῆκανunderstoodVAI AAI3P · ἵημι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἵημι + συν: meaning 'understood'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βουλὴνcounselN1 ASF · βουλήaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβουλή: meaning 'counsel'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συνήγαγενgatheredVBI AAI3S · ἄγω + συνmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ aorist aspect: presents the action as a wholeἄγω + συν: meaning 'gathered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
αὐτοὺςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοὺς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
ὡςasC · ὡςpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
δράγματαsheafN3M APN · δράγμαnominal term functioning as an accusative complement→ object specificationδράγμα: meaning 'sheaf'; it serves as nominal term functioning as an accusative complement.
ἅλωνοςthreshing floorN3W GSF · ἅλωνgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ relational specificationἅλων: meaning 'threshing floor'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
13
ἀνάστηθι καὶ ἀλόα αὐτούς θύγατερ Σιων ὅτι τὰ κέρατά σου θήσομαι σιδηρᾶ καὶ τὰς ὁπλάς σου θήσομαι χαλκᾶς καὶ κατατήξεις ἐν αὐτοῖς ἔθνη καὶ λεπτυνεῖς λαοὺς πολλοὺς καὶ ἀναθήσεις τῷ κυρίῳ τὸ πλῆθος αὐτῶν καὶ τὴν ἰσχὺν αὐτῶν τῷ κυρίῳ πάσης τῆς γῆς
Rise and thresh them, daughter Zion, because I will make your horns iron and your hoofs bronze, and with them you shall crush many nations, and you shall devote their abundance to the Lord and their strength to the Lord of all the earth.
Zion is transformed from threatened victim into the Lord's threshing instrument over the nations.
Word-by-word analysis· 43 words
ἀνάστηθιrise upVH AAD2S · ἵστημι + ἀναfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ verbal action or stateἵστημι + ἀνα: meaning 'rise up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀλόαthreshV3 PAD2S · ἀλοάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseἀλοάω: meaning 'thresh'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτούςthemRD APM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτούς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
θύγατερdaughterN3 VSF · θυγάτηρvocative element used in direct address→ direct addressθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughter'; it serves as vocative element used in direct address.
ΣιωνZionN GS · Σιωνproper name in apposition to ὄρος→ discourse linkage or contrastΣιων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in apposition to ὄρος.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κέρατάhornsN3T APN · κέραςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goalκέρας: meaning 'horns'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
θήσομαιplace / appointVF FMI1S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ futureτίθημι: meaning 'place'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.
σιδηρᾶironA1C APN · σιδηροῦςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complementσιδηροῦς: meaning 'iron'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὁπλάςopleN1 APF · ὁπλήaccusative element functioning as object or complement→ object specificationὁπλή: meaning 'ople'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
θήσομαιplace / appointVF FMI1S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea→ futureτίθημι: meaning 'place'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the clause action, state, or dependent verbal idea.
χαλκᾶςbronzeA1C APF · χαλκοῦςadjectival modifier describing ἀσπίδας→ object specificationχαλκοῦς: meaning 'bronze'; it serves as adjectival modifier describing ἀσπίδας.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατατήξειςyou shall crushVF FAI2S · τήκω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseτήκω + κατα: meaning 'you shall crush'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῖς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἔθνηnationsN3E APN · ἔθνοςaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ object specificationἔθνος: meaning 'nations'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λεπτυνεῖςyou shall pulverizeVF2 FAI2S · λεπτύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseλεπτύνω: meaning 'you shall pulverize'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λαοὺςpeoplesN2 APM · λαόςnominal term functioning in a acc relation→ object specificationλαός: meaning 'peoples'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a acc relation.
πολλοὺςmanyA1 APM · πολύςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ object specificationπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀναθήσειςyou shall devoteVF FAI2S · τίθημι + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clauseτίθημι + ἀνα: meaning 'you shall devote'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλῆθοςmultitudeN3E ASN · πλῆθοςaccusative object or complement→ object specificationπλῆθος: meaning 'multitude'; it serves as accusative object or complement.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἰσχὺνstrengthN3 ASF · ἰσχύςnominal term functioning as a accusative complement→ object specificationἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a accusative complement.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
πάσηςeveryoneA1S GSF · πᾶςadjectival modifier→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'everyone'; it serves as adjectival modifier.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
14
νῦν ἐμφραχθήσεται θυγάτηρ Εφραιμ ἐν φραγμῷ συνοχὴν ἔταξεν ἐφ' ἡμᾶς ἐν ῥάβδῳ πατάξουσιν ἐπὶ σιαγόνα τὰς φυλὰς τοῦ Ισραηλ
Now the daughter of Ephraim shall be fenced in with a barrier; he has set siege against us; with a rod they shall strike the tribes of Israel upon the cheek.
The chapter ends by acknowledging Israel's present abasement even within the larger horizon of promised victory.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐμφραχθήσεταιhe blockedVQ FPI3S · φράσσω + ἐνfinite verb advancing the clause→ futureφράσσω + ἐν: meaning 'he blocked'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
θυγάτηρdaughterN3 NSF · θυγάτηρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participant prominenceθυγάτηρ: meaning 'daughter'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ΕφραιμEphraimN GSM · Ἐφράιμplace-name in the allotment list→ participant identificationΕφραιμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as place-name in the allotment list.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
φραγμῷwith a barrierN2 DSM · φραγμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφραγμός: meaning 'with a barrier'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
συνοχὴνsiegeN1 ASF · συνοχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσυνοχή: meaning 'siege'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔταξενappointVAI AAI3S · τάσσωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeτάσσω: meaning 'appoint'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition introducing its complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition introducing its complement phrase.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participant referenceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ῥάβδῳrodN2 DSF · ῥάβδοςcommon noun within the clause→ sphere or referenceῥάβδος: meaning 'rod'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
πατάξουσινstrikeVF FAI3P · πατάσσωmain verbal form advancing the clause→ future verbal form projecting a coming actionπατάσσω: meaning 'strike'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
σιαγόναcheekN3N ASF · σιαγώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ hostile comforters and witness in heavenσιαγών: meaning 'cheek'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φυλὰςtribeN1 APF · φυλήcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ object specificationφυλή: meaning 'tribe'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΙσραηλIsraelN GSM · Ἰσραήλproper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence→ participant identificationΙσραηλ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name in the genealogical or narrative sequence.