1
κύριε παντοκράτωρ ὁ θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν τοῦ Αβρααμ καὶ Ισαακ καὶ Ιακωβ καὶ τοῦ σπέρματος αὐτῶν τοῦ δικαίου
Lord Almighty, God of our fathers, of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and of their righteous seed,
The prayer begins with solemn address rather than immediate self-reference. Manasseh places himself before the covenant God of the fathers so the whole confession starts inside inherited sacred history.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
παντοκράτωρAlmightyN3R NSM · παντοκράτωρcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπαντοκράτωρ: meaning 'Almighty'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πατέρωνfathersN3 GPM · πατήρgenitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπατήρ: meaning 'fathers'; it serves as genitive modifier dependent on a neighboring head term.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑβρααμAbrahamN GSM · Ἀβραάμconnective or particle shaping the flow of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersΑβρααμ: meaning 'Abraham'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙσαακIsaacN GSM · Ισαακproper name or indeclinable item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersΙσαακ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as proper name or indeclinable item.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙακωβJacobN GSM · Ἰακώβconnective or particle shaping the flow of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersΙακωβ: meaning 'Jacob'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σπέρματοςseedN3M GSN · σπέρμαnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσπέρμα: meaning 'seed'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαίουjustA1A GSM · δίκαιοςaccusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδίκαιος: meaning 'just'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, goal, or extent within the clause.
2
ὁ ποιήσας τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν σὺν παντὶ τῷ κόσμῳ αὐτῶν
the one who made heaven and earth with all their order,
The invocation expands by naming God as maker of the ordered cosmos. Divine authority over repentance is grounded first in divine authority over creation itself.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιήσαςhaving doneVA · ααπνσμ ποιέωcircumstantial participle modifying the subject→ antecedent aorist (the accomplished deed)ααπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'having done'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as circumstantial participle modifying the subject.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανὸνheavenN2 ASM · οὐρανόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σὺνwithP · σύνpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσὺν: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
παντὶallA3 DSM · πᾶςdat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dat adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κόσμῳadornmentN2 DSM · κόσμοςgenitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualification→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκόσμος: meaning 'adornment'; it serves as genitive term marking possession, source, relation, or descriptive qualification.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronoun in genitival dependence→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun in genitival dependence.
3
ὁ πεδήσας τὴν θάλασσαν τῷ λόγῳ τοῦ προστάγματός σου ὁ κλείσας τὴν ἄβυσσον καὶ σφραγισάμενος τῷ φοβερῷ καὶ ἐνδόξῳ ὀνόματί σου
the one who bound the sea by the word of your command, the one who shut up the abyss and sealed it with your fearful and glorious name,
The prayer presses deeper into God’s mastery over chaos. Sea and abyss are not rival powers but realities contained and sealed by the Lord’s spoken command and name.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πεδήσαςboundVA · ααπνσμ πεδέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersααπνσμ πεδέω: meaning 'bound'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θάλασσανseaN1S ASF · θάλασσαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersθάλασσα: meaning 'sea'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
λόγῳwordN2 DSM · λόγοςdative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative element functioning as complement, sphere, or instrument.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προστάγματόςcommandN3M GSN · πρόσταγμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπρόσταγμα: meaning 'command'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κλείσαςshutVA · ααπνσμ κλείωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersααπνσμ κλείω: meaning 'shut'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἄβυσσονdeepN2 ASF · ἄβυσσοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἄβυσσος: meaning 'deep'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σφραγισάμενοςsealedVA · αμπνσμ σφραγίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersαμπνσμ σφραγίζω: meaning 'sealed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φοβερῷfearfulA1A DSM · φοβερόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersφοβερός: meaning 'fearful'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνδόξῳgloriousA1B DSN · ἔνδοξοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἔνδοξος: meaning 'glorious'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὀνόματίnameN3M DSN · ὄνομαcommon noun or modifier within the list formula→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as common noun or modifier within the list formula.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
4
ὃν πάντα φρίττει καὶ τρέμει ἀπὸ προσώπου δυνάμεώς σου
before whom all things shudder and tremble because of your power.
Creation does not merely exist by God’s will; it reacts in dread before his power. The penitential mood is intensified by showing that the sinner approaches the one before whom all things shake.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὃνwhichRR ASM · ὅςpronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὃν: meaning 'which'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal element marking reference, possession, or subordination.
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nom adjectival form modifying or specifying a substantive.
φρίττειshuddersV1 PAI3S · φρίττωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersφρίττω: meaning 'shudders'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τρέμειtrembleV1 PAI3S · τρέμωmain verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersτρέμω: meaning 'tremble'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing command, argument, or narrative action.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
προσώπουface / presenceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive substantive expressing relation, possession, source, or description.
δυνάμεώςforce / powerN3I GSF · δύναμιςGenitive modifier→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδύναμις: meaning 'force'; it serves as Genitive modifier.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
5
ὅτι ἄστεκτος ἡ μεγαλοπρέπεια τῆς δόξης σου καὶ ἀνυπόστατος ἡ ὀργὴ τῆς ἐπὶ ἁμαρτωλοὺς ἀπειλῆς σου
For unbearable is the majesty of your glory, and irresistible is the wrath of your threat against sinners,
The logic turns from cosmic fear to moral seriousness. God’s glory cannot be borne lightly, and his threat against sinners is named as a real and unanswerable danger.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄστεκτοςunbearableA1B NSF · ἄστεκτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἄστεκτος: meaning 'unbearable'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μεγαλοπρέπειαmajestyN1A NSF · μεγαλοπρέπειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμεγαλοπρέπεια: meaning 'majesty'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνυπόστατοςirresistibleA1B NSM · ἀνυπόστατοςPredicate adjective describing the force as seemingly unopposable.→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀνυπόστατος: meaning 'irresistible'; it serves as Predicate adjective describing the force as seemingly unopposable.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀργὴwrathN1 NSF · ὀργήnominative term in clause/list→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὀργή: meaning 'wrath'; it serves as nominative term in clause/list.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἁμαρτωλοὺςsinnersA1B APM · ἁμαρτωλόςfirst object naming those targeted→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinners'; it serves as first object naming those targeted.
ἀπειλῆςthreatN1 GSF · ἀπειλήgenitive modifier defining relationship, source, or description→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀπειλή: meaning 'threat'; it serves as genitive modifier defining relationship, source, or description.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
6
ἀμέτρητόν τε καὶ ἀνεξιχνίαστον τὸ ἔλεος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας σου
yet immeasurable and unsearchable is the mercy of your promise,
Without denying wrath, the prayer now places mercy alongside it as the larger horizon. The unsearchable character of mercy makes repentance conceivable for one already confessing guilt.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἀμέτρητόνimmeasurableA1B NSN · ἀμέτρητοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀμέτρητος: meaning 'immeasurable'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τεandX TEparticle shaping the flow or emphasis of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersτε: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνεξιχνίαστονunsearchableA1B NSN · ἀνεξιχνίαστοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀνεξιχνίαστος: meaning 'unsearchable'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔλεοςmercyN3E NSN · ἔλεοςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπαγγελίαςpromiseN1A GSF · ἐπαγγελίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἐπαγγελία: meaning 'promise'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
7
ὅτι σὺ εἶ κύριος ὕψιστος εὔσπλαγχνος μακρόθυμος καὶ πολυέλεος καὶ μετανοῶν ἐπὶ κακίαις ἀνθρώπων
for you are the Lord Most High, compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, relenting over the evils of human beings.
The chapter grounds hope in God’s own character. Compassion, patience, and abundant mercy explain why the sinner dares to continue speaking after acknowledging divine terror.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoing or immediateεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςhead noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as head noun within the clause.
ὕψιστοςMost HighA1 NSM · ὕψιστοςnominative nominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὕψιστος: meaning 'Most High'; it serves as nominative nominal element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εὔσπλαγχνοςcompassionateA1B NSM · εὔσπλαγχνοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersεὔσπλαγχνος: meaning 'compassionate'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μακρόθυμοςmakrothymosA1B NSM · μακρόθυμοςadjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμακρόθυμος: meaning 'makrothymos'; it serves as adjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πολυέλεοςpolyeleosA1B NSM · πολυέλεοςadjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπολυέλεος: meaning 'polyeleos'; it serves as adjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μετανοῶνrelentingV2 · παπνσμ νοέω + μεταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπαπνσμ νοέω + μετα: meaning 'relenting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
κακίαιςwickednessN1A DPF · κακίαdative element functioning within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκακία: meaning 'wickedness'; it serves as dative element functioning within the clause.
ἀνθρώπωνman / human beingN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἄνθρωπος: meaning 'man'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
8
σὺ οὖν κύριε ὁ θεὸς τῶν δικαίων οὐκ ἔθου μετάνοιαν δικαίοις τῷ Αβρααμ καὶ Ισαακ καὶ Ιακωβ τοῖς οὐχ ἡμαρτηκόσιν σοι ἀλλ' ἔθου μετάνοιαν ἐμοὶ τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ
Therefore you, Lord, God of the righteous, did not appoint repentance for the righteous, for Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, who did not sin against you, but you appointed repentance for me, the sinner.
The prayer pivots from theology to application. Manasseh contrasts the patriarchs with himself and defines repentance not as their need but as God’s gift to the guilty speaker.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
σὺyouRP NS · σύnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
οὖνthereforeX · οὖνinferential particle→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersοὖν: meaning 'therefore'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαίωνrighteousA1A GPM · δίκαιοςnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔθουappointedVEI AMI2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersτίθημι: meaning 'appointed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετάνοιανrepentanceN1A ASF · μετάνοιαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμετάνοια: meaning 'repentance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δικαίοιςjust termsA1A DPM · δίκαιοςdative element marking reference, means, or association→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδίκαιος: meaning 'just terms'; it serves as dative element marking reference, means, or association.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΑβρααμAbraamN DSM · Ἀβραάμsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersΑβρααμ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙσαακIsaacN DSM · Ισαακsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersΙσαακ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ΙακωβIakobN DSM · Ἰακώβsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersΙακωβ: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverb or adverbial expression modifying the clause or predicate→ simple negationοὐχ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἡμαρτηκόσινhaving sinnedVX · χαπδπμ ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersχαπδπμ ἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'having sinned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσοι: meaning 'to you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔθουappointedVEI AMI2S · τίθημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersτίθημι: meaning 'appointed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μετάνοιανrepentanceN1A ASF · μετάνοιαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμετάνοια: meaning 'repentance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώpronoun→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἐμοὶ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἁμαρτωλῷsinnerA1B DSM · ἁμαρτωλόςdative recipient denied power or prestige→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἁμαρτωλός: meaning 'sinner'; it serves as dative recipient denied power or prestige.
9
διότι ἥμαρτον ὑπὲρ ἀριθμὸν ψάμμου θαλάσσης ἐπλήθυναν αἱ ἀνομίαι μου κύριε ἐπλήθυναν καὶ οὐκ εἰμὶ ἄξιος ἀτενίσαι καὶ ἰδεῖν τὸ ὕψος τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀπὸ πλήθους τῶν ἀδικιῶν μου
Because I have sinned beyond the number of the sand of the sea, my lawless deeds have multiplied, Lord, they have multiplied, and I am not worthy to look up and see the height of heaven because of the multitude of my injustices.
The reason for needing repentance is now stated without softening. The prayer multiplies the language of excess and unworthiness until even looking toward heaven feels morally impossible.
Word-by-word analysis· 28 words
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἥμαρτονI sinnedVBI AAI1S · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'I sinned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὲρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἀριθμὸνnumberN2 ASM · ἀριθμόςcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀριθμός: meaning 'number'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ψάμμουsandN2 GSM · ψάμμοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersψάμμος: meaning 'sand'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
θαλάσσηςseaN1S GSF · θάλασσαgenitive element qualifying a related head term→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersθάλασσα: meaning 'sea'; it serves as genitive element qualifying a related head term.
ἐπλήθυνανmultipliedVAI AAI3P · πληθύνωverbal element advancing the clause→ aorist summary statementπληθύνω: meaning 'multiplied'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element advancing the clause.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαἱ: meaning 'the'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἀνομίαιanomiaN1A NPF · ἀνομίαnominative element functioning as subject or predicate→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀνομία: meaning 'anomia'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject or predicate.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
ἐπλήθυνανmultipliedVAI AAI3P · πληθύνωverbal element advancing the clause→ aorist summary statementπληθύνω: meaning 'multiplied'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal element advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
εἰμὶI amV9 PAI1S · εἰμίmain verbal form advancing the clause→ stative presentεἰμί: meaning 'I am'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the clause.
ἄξιοςworthyA1A NSM · ἄξιοςnominative subject / predicate element in the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἄξιος: meaning 'worthy'; it serves as nominative subject / predicate element in the clause.
ἀτενίσαιgive attentionVA AAN · ἀτενίζωinfinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀτενίζω: meaning 'give attention'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitival verbal form expressing purpose, content, or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰδεῖνseeVB AAN · ὁράωfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ infinitival verbal idea dependent on the governing expressionὁράω: meaning 'see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕψοςheightN3E ASN · ὕψοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὕψος: meaning 'height'; it serves as accusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
πλήθουςplethosN3E GSN · πλῆθοςgenitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπλῆθος: meaning 'plethos'; it serves as genitival dependent marking relation, possession, source, or description.
τῶνtheRA GPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀδικιῶνwickednessN1A GPF · ἀδικίαnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀδικία: meaning 'wickedness'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
10
κατακαμπτόμενος πολλῷ δεσμῷ σιδήρου εἰς τὸ ἀνανεῦσαί με ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτιῶν μου καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν μοι ἄνεσις διότι παρώργισα τὸν θυμόν σου καὶ τὸ πονηρὸν ἐνώπιόν σου ἐποίησα στήσας βδελύγματα καὶ πληθύνας προσοχθίσματα
Being bent down with many an iron bond so that I cannot lift myself up because of my sins, there is no relief for me, because I provoked your wrath and did evil before you, setting up abominations and multiplying offenses.
Confession becomes experiential description. Sin is pictured as iron bondage with no relief, and the speaker explicitly connects that misery to having provoked God and multiplied abominations.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
κατακαμπτόμενοςbeing bent downV1 · πμπνσμ κάμπτω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπμπνσμ κάμπτω + κατα: meaning 'being bent down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πολλῷmanyA1 DSM · πολύςdative complement within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as dative complement within the clause.
δεσμῷfetterN2 DSM · δεσμόςdative term functioning as indirect object, reference, means, or location→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδεσμός: meaning 'fetter'; it serves as dative term functioning as indirect object, reference, means, or location.
σιδήρουironN2 GSM · σίδηροςgenitive dependent→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσίδηρος: meaning 'iron'; it serves as genitive dependent.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνανεῦσαίlift upVA AAN · νεύω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersνεύω + ἀνα: meaning 'lift up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὑπὲρfor / on behalf ofP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionὑπὲρ: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἁμαρτιῶνsinN1A GPF · ἁμαρτίαcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἁμαρτία: meaning 'sin'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier of the clause→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίmain verbal form carrying the clause forward→ present/imperfective aspect: portrays the action as ongoing or in progressεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form carrying the clause forward.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἄνεσιςreliefN3I NSF · ἄνεσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἄνεσις: meaning 'relief'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
διότιbecauseC · διότιcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationδιότι: meaning 'because'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παρώργισαprovoked to wrathVAI AAI1S · ὀργίζω + παραverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὀργίζω + παρα: meaning 'provoked to wrath'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θυμόνwrathN2 ASM · θυμόςobject or complement within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersθυμός: meaning 'wrath'; it serves as object or complement within the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πονηρὸνevilA1A ASN · πονηρόςcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπονηρός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
ἐνώπιόνenopionP · ἐνώπιονprepositional element governing its complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἐνώπιόν: meaning 'enopion'; here it marks the relation signaled by prepositional element governing its complement.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐποίησαdo / makeVAI AAI1S · ποιέωfinite verbal predicate carrying the clause action→ aorist verbal form viewing the action as a wholeποιέω: meaning 'do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal predicate carrying the clause action.
στήσαςhaving stationedVA · ααπνσμ ἵστημιmain verbal form advancing the narrative or description→ verbal verbal form presenting the action as a complete predicationααπνσμ ἵστημι: meaning 'having stationed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verbal form advancing the narrative or description.
βδελύγματαabominationsN3M APN · βδέλυγμαdirect object of ἐποίησαν (fronted)→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersβδέλυγμα: meaning 'abominations'; it serves as direct object of ἐποίησαν (fronted).
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πληθύναςmultiplyingVA · ααπνσμ πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersααπνσμ πληθύνω: meaning 'multiplying'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
προσοχθίσματαoffensesN3M APN · προσόχθισμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπροσόχθισμα: meaning 'offenses'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
11
καὶ νῦν κλίνω γόνυ καρδίας δεόμενος τῆς παρὰ σοῦ χρηστότητος
And now I bend the knee of my heart, begging for the goodness that comes from you.
After invocation and confession, the prayer finally arrives at direct supplication. The posture is inward as well as bodily: the heart itself kneels before the goodness that only God can give.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νῦνnowD · νῦνparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ discourse pivot to present applicationνῦν: meaning 'now'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κλίνωklinoV1 PAI1S · κλίνωverbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or state→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκλίνω: meaning 'klino'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal predicate carrying the clause’s action or state.
γόνυkneeN3 NSN · γόνυaccusative complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersγόνυ: meaning 'knee'; it serves as accusative complement.
καρδίαςheartN1A GSF · καρδίαgenitive dependent→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as genitive dependent.
δεόμενοςbeggingV2 · πμπνσμ δέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπμπνσμ δέω: meaning 'begging'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing a following complement phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionπαρὰ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing a following complement phrase.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
χρηστότητοςgoodnessN3T GSF · χρηστότηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersχρηστότης: meaning 'goodness'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
12
ἡμάρτηκα κύριε ἡμάρτηκα καὶ τὰς ἀνομίας μου ἐγὼ γινώσκω
I have sinned, Lord, I have sinned, and I myself know my lawless deeds.
The plea is strengthened by explicit self-accusation. The repetition of “I have sinned” refuses evasion and presents guilt as known, owned, and confessed before the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἡμάρτηκαI have sinnedVXI XAI1S · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'I have sinned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
ἡμάρτηκαI have sinnedVXI XAI1S · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'I have sinned'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνομίαςlawlessnessN1A APF · ἀνομίαnominal term functioning in a gen relation→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀνομία: meaning 'lawlessness'; it serves as nominal term functioning in a gen relation.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐγὼIRP NS · ἐγώnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἐγὼ: meaning 'I'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
γινώσκωI knowV1 PAI1S · γιγνώσκωfinite verbal form expressing ongoing or present action→ presentγιγνώσκω: meaning 'I know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verbal form expressing ongoing or present action.
13
αἰτοῦμαι δεόμενός σου ἄνες μοι κύριε ἄνες μοι μὴ συναπολέσῃς με ταῖς ἀνομίαις μου μηδὲ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα μηνίσας τηρήσῃς τὰ κακά μοι μηδὲ καταδικάσῃς με ἐν τοῖς κατωτάτοις τῆς γῆς ὅτι σὺ εἶ κύριε ὁ θεὸς τῶν μετανοούντων
I ask, begging you: release me, Lord, release me; do not destroy me together with my lawless deeds, nor, being angry, keep evils for me forever, nor condemn me in the lowest parts of the earth, because you are Lord, the God of those who repent.
The petition unfolds in urgent negatives: do not destroy, do not preserve wrath forever, do not condemn below. Hope rests not in self-defense but in the confession that God is precisely the God of repentant people.
Word-by-word analysis· 39 words
αἰτοῦμαιI askV2 PMI1S · αἰτέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersαἰτέω: meaning 'I ask'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δεόμενόςbeggingV2 · πμπνσμ δέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπμπνσμ δέω: meaning 'begging'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἄνεςlet go / releaseVB AAD2S · ἵημι + ἀναfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ futureἵημι + ἀνα: meaning 'let go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
ἄνεςlet go / releaseVB AAD2S · ἵημι + ἀναfinite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause→ futureἵημι + ἀνα: meaning 'let go'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite or non-finite verbal form advancing the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
μὴnotD · μήnegative marker qualifying the following verbal or nominal expression→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
συναπολέσῃςdestroy together withVA AAS2S · ὄλλυμι + συν + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὄλλυμι + συν + ἀπο: meaning 'destroy together with'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀνομίαιςiniquitiesN1A DPF · ἀνομίαcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀνομία: meaning 'iniquities'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
μηδὲand do not / norC · μηδέcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationμηδὲ: meaning 'and do not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναage / foreverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
μηνίσαςbeing angryVA · ααπνσμ μηνίωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersααπνσμ μηνίω: meaning 'being angry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τηρήσῃςkeepVA AAS2S · τηρέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersτηρέω: meaning 'keep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κακάevilA1 APN · κακόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
μηδὲand do not / norC · μηδέcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationμηδὲ: meaning 'and do not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταδικάσῃςcondemnVA AAS2S · δικάζω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδικάζω + κατα: meaning 'condemn'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατωτάτοιςlowest partsA1 DPM · κατώτατοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκατώτατος: meaning 'lowest parts'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitival dependent within the phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitival dependent within the phrase.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σὺyouRP NS · σύnom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσὺ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as nom pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
εἶbeV9 PAI2S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoing or immediateεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause.
κύριεLordN2 VSM · κύριοςsubstantive functioning within the clause according to context→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as substantive functioning within the clause according to context.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μετανοούντωνthose repentingV2 · παπγπμ νοέω + μεταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπαπγπμ νοέω + μετα: meaning 'those repenting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
14
καὶ ἐν ἐμοὶ δείξῃς τὴν ἀγαθωσύνην σου ὅτι ἀνάξιον ὄντα σώσεις με κατὰ τὸ πολὺ ἔλεός σου
And in me show your goodness, because though I am unworthy, you will save me according to your great mercy.
The prayer moves from request to confidence. Manasseh remains unworthy, but divine goodness is expected to become visible precisely in saving one who cannot claim merit.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐμοὶmeRP DS · ἐγώpronoun→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἐμοὶ: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun.
δείξῃςshowVA AAS2S · δεικνύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδεικνύω: meaning 'show'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγαθωσύνηνgoodnessN1 ASF · ἀγαθωσύνηcommon noun within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀγαθωσύνη: meaning 'goodness'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνάξιονunworthyA1A NSN · ἀνάξιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἀνάξιος: meaning 'unworthy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὄνταbeingV9 · παπνσν εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπαπνσν εἰμί: meaning 'being'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σώσειςyou will saveVF FAI2S · σώζωfinite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσώζω: meaning 'you will save'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the main action or assertion of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πολὺmuchA1P ASN · πολύςattributive adjective (with σπέρμα)→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπολύς: meaning 'much'; it serves as attributive adjective (with σπέρμα).
ἔλεόςmercyN3E ASN · ἔλεοςobject of κατά→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἔλεος: meaning 'mercy'; it serves as object of κατά.
σουyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσου: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
15
καὶ αἰνέσω σε διὰ παντὸς ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς ζωῆς μου ὅτι σὲ ὑμνεῖ πᾶσα ἡ δύναμις τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας αμην προσευχὴ Συμεων
And I will praise you continually all the days of my life, because all the host of the heavens sings hymns to you, and yours is the glory forever. Amen. Prayer of Simeon.
The chapter closes where restored life ought to end: in vowed praise joined to heavenly worship. The doxology resolves the penitential movement and the Simeon heading hands the collection on to the next ode.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἰνέσωI will praiseVA AAS1S · αἰνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersαἰνέω: meaning 'I will praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative element functioning as object or goal→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object or goal.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
παντὸςallA3 GSM · πᾶςadjectival or ordinal modifier→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as adjectival or ordinal modifier.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἡμέραιςdayN1A DPF · ἡμέραnominal term functioning as a dative complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersἡμέρα: meaning 'day'; it serves as nominal term functioning as a dative complement.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ζωῆςlifeN1 GSF · ζωήnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersζωή: meaning 'life'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or subordinator structuring the clause→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σὲyouRP AS · σύacc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσὲ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as acc pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ὑμνεῖsings hymnsV2 PAI3S · ὑμνέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersὑμνέω: meaning 'sings hymns'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πᾶσαallA1S NSF · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δύναμιςhostN3I NSF · δύναμιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδύναμις: meaning 'host'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
τῶνtheRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὐρανῶνheavenN2 GPM · οὐρανόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
καὶandC · καίcoordinating conjunction linking the next item or clause→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύgen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as gen pronominal form referring back or forward within the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίparticiple contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force→ present verbal form portraying the action as ongoingεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as participle contributing attendant, descriptive, or supplementary verbal force.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as nominative substantive functioning as subject, predicate, or list item.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοὺς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αἰῶναςagesN3W APM · αἰώνnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersαἰών: meaning 'ages'; it serves as nominal element functioning within the clause or phrase.
αμηνamenI AMHNparticle or adverb marking discourse flow, emphasis, or time→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersαμην: meaning 'amen'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
προσευχὴprayerN1 NSF · προσευχήsubject nominative→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersπροσευχή: meaning 'prayer'; it serves as subject nominative.
ΣυμεωνSimeonN GSM · Συμεωνplace-name in the allotment list→ repentance, majesty, and mercy for sinnersΣυμεων: transliterated proper name rendered in Greek letters; here it functions as place-name in the allotment list.