1
ἐστερεώθη ἡ καρδία μου ἐν κυρίῳ ὑψώθη κέρας μου ἐν θεῷ μου ἐπλατύνθη ἐπ' ἐχθρούς μου τὸ στόμα μου ηὐφράνθην ἐν σωτηρίᾳ σου
My heart was made firm in the Lord; my horn was exalted in my God; my mouth was widened over my enemies; I rejoiced in your salvation.
The canticle opens without the narrative 'and she said' found in 1 Kingdoms, so the Odes form begins immediately in praise. Hannah's personal joy is voiced through firmness of heart, exalted horn, enlarged mouth, and rejoicing in salvation.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
ἐστερεώθηwas made firm / is strengthenedVCI API3S · στρερέωmain verb (predicate of καρδία)→ resultative aorist (a settled state of strengthening)στρερέω: meaning 'was made firm'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of καρδία).
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίαheartN1A NSF · καρδίαsubject of ἐστερεώθη→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as subject of ἐστερεώθη.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive of possession→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (ground / sphere)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (ground / sphere).
κυρίῳLORDN2 DSM · κύριοςdative object of ἐν (ground of strengthening)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (ground of strengthening).
ὑψώθηwas exalted / lifted highVCI API3S · ὑψόωmain verb (predicate of κέρας)→ resultative aorist (exaltation accomplished by God)ὑψόω: meaning 'was exalted'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of κέρας).
κέραςhornN3T NSN · κέραςsubject of ὑψώθη→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκέρας: meaning 'horn'; it serves as subject of ὑψώθη.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive of possession→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (ground)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (ground).
θεῷGodN2 DSM · θεόςdative object of ἐν (parallel to ἐν κυρίῳ)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (parallel to ἐν κυρίῳ).
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive of possession→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession.
ἐπλατύνθηwas enlarged / opened wideVCI API3S · πλατύνωmain verb (predicate of στόμα)→ resultative aoristπλατύνω: meaning 'was enlarged'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of στόμα).
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐπ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing the following phrase.
ἐχθρούςenemyN2 APM · ἐχθρόςaccusative substantive functioning as object or complement→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἐχθρός: meaning 'enemy'; it serves as accusative substantive functioning as object or complement.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form referring to the participant(s) already in view.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle (with neuter στόμα)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στόμαmouthN3M NSN · στόμαsubject of ἐπλατύνθη→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as subject of ἐπλατύνθη.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive of possession→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession.
ηὐφράνθηνI rejoicedVCI API1S · εὐφραίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipεὐφραίνω: meaning 'I rejoiced'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (ground of joy)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (ground of joy).
σωτηρίᾳsalvationN1A DSF · σωτηρίαdative object of ἐν (ground of gladness)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipσωτηρία: meaning 'salvation'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (ground of gladness).
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive of possession (YHWH's salvation)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession (YHWH's salvation).
2
ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἅγιος ὡς κύριος καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν δίκαιος ὡς ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν οὐκ ἔστιν ἅγιος πλὴν σοῦ
For there is none holy as the Lord, and there is none righteous as our God; there is none holy besides you.
Her joy is grounded in a confessional claim about the Lord's uniqueness. Holiness and righteousness are not abstractions here but the theological basis for every reversal that follows.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcausal conjunction (grounding v. 1)→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐnegation (with ἔστιν)→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίexistential verb (οὐκ ἔστιν: 'there is none')→ gnomic present (timeless truth)εἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as existential verb (οὐκ ἔστιν: 'there is none').
ἅγιοςholyA1A NSM · ἅγιοςpredicate adjective (substantival: 'a holy one')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as predicate adjective (substantival: 'a holy one').
ὡςas / likeC · ὡςcomparative particle (incomparability)→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative of comparison (with ὡς)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as nominative of comparison (with ὡς).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐnegation→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίexistential verb (second member)→ gnomic presentεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as existential verb (second member).
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςpredicate adjective (substantival)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as predicate adjective (substantival).
ὡςasC · ὡςcomparative particle→ coordinationὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative of comparison (with ὡς)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative of comparison (with ὡς).
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive of possession (covenant relation)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession (covenant relation).
οὐκnotD · οὐnegation→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίexistential verb (third member)→ gnomic presentεἰμί: meaning 'there is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as existential verb (third member).
ἅγιοςholyA1A NSM · ἅγιοςpredicate adjective (resumptive of first member)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as predicate adjective (resumptive of first member).
πλὴνbesides / exceptD · πλήνimproper preposition + genitive (exception)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπλὴν: meaning 'besides'; here it marks the relation signaled by improper preposition + genitive (exception).
σοῦyouRP GS · σύgenitive object of πλήν (direct address to YHWH)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipσοῦ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive object of πλήν (direct address to YHWH).
3
μὴ καυχᾶσθε καὶ μὴ λαλεῖτε ὑψηλά μηδὲ ἐξελθάτω μεγαλορημοσύνη ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὑμῶν ὅτι θεὸς γνώσεων κύριος καὶ θεὸς ἑτοιμάζον ἐπιτηδεύματα αὐτοῦ
Do not boast, and do not speak lofty things; let no arrogant speech come out of your mouth, for the Lord is a God of knowledge, and a God who prepares his deeds.
The song turns outward to rebuke pride and inflated speech. The reason is that the Lord is a God of knowledge who weighs and prepares human deeds, so arrogance collapses under divine scrutiny.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
μὴnotD · μήnegation (prohibitive, with present imperative)→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
καυχᾶσθεboastV3 PMD2P · καυχάομαιmain verb (prohibition)→ prohibitive present imperative (cease habitual boasting)καυχάομαι: meaning 'boast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (prohibition).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήnegation (prohibitive)→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
λαλεῖτεspeakV2 PAI2P · λαλέωmain verb (prohibition)→ prohibitive present imperativeλαλέω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (prohibition).
ὑψηλάlofty things / haughtilyA1 APN · ὑψηλόςneuter plural adjective as object/adverbial (content of speech)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipὑψηλός: meaning 'lofty things'; it serves as neuter plural adjective as object/adverbial (content of speech).
μηδὲand do not / norC · μηδέcoordinating conjunction linking the sequence→ coordinationμηδὲ: meaning 'and do not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξελθάτωlet it come outVC APD3S · ἔρχομαι + ἐκmain verb (third-person prohibition)→ prohibitive aorist imperative (do not let it occur)ἔρχομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'let it come out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (third-person prohibition).
μεγαλορημοσύνηarrogant speechN1 NSF · μεγαλορρημοσύνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipμεγαλορρημοσύνη: meaning 'arrogant speech'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐκout ofP · ἐκpreposition + genitive (source)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐκ: meaning 'out of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (source).
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
στόματοςmouthN3M GSN · στόμαgenitive of source (with ἐκ)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipστόμα: meaning 'mouth'; it serves as genitive of source (with ἐκ).
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύgenitive of possession (2nd person plural)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession (2nd person plural).
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcausal conjunction (grounding the prohibitions)→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςpredicate nominative (θεὸς γνώσεων κύριος)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as predicate nominative (θεὸς γνώσεων κύριος).
γνώσεωνof knowledge(s)N3I GPF · γνῶσιςgenitive of quality / attribute (modifying θεός)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipγνῶσις: meaning 'of knowledge(s)'; it serves as genitive of quality / attribute (modifying θεός).
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject (θεὸς γνώσεων κύριος)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as subject (θεὸς γνώσεων κύριος).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςpredicate nominative (second attribute)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as predicate nominative (second attribute).
ἑτοιμάζονpreparingV1 · παπασν ἑτοιμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπαπασν ἑτοιμάζω: meaning 'preparing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπιτηδεύματαdeeds / designs / practicesN3M APN · ἐπιτήδευμαdirect object of ἑτοιμάζων→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἐπιτήδευμα: meaning 'deeds'; it serves as direct object of ἑτοιμάζων.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive of possession (modifying ἐπιτηδεύματα)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession (modifying ἐπιτηδεύματα).
4
τόξον δυνατῶν ἠσθένησεν καὶ ἀσθενοῦντες περιεζώσαντο δύναμιν
The bow of the mighty grew weak, and those who were weak girded themselves with strength.
The first reversal strikes military strength itself: the bow of the mighty slackens while the weak are belted with new force. Human power is shown to be reversible under the Lord's hand.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
τόξονbowN2N ASN · τόξονsubject of ἠσθένησεν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipτόξον: meaning 'bow'; it serves as subject of ἠσθένησεν.
δυνατῶνof the mightyA1 GPM · δυνατόςgenitive of possession (substantival adjective: 'the mighty ones')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδυνατός: meaning 'of the mighty'; it serves as genitive of possession (substantival adjective: 'the mighty ones').
ἠσθένησενhas grown weak / is brokenVAI AAI3S · ἀσθενέωmain verb (predicate of τόξον)→ constative aorist (gnomic: a recurring divine reversal)ἀσθενέω: meaning 'has grown weak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of τόξον).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction (antithetical)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀσθενοῦντεςthose who are weakV2 · παπνπμ ἀσθενέωsubstantival participle (subject of περιεζώσαντο)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπαπνπμ ἀσθενέω: meaning 'those who are weak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as substantival participle (subject of περιεζώσαντο).
περιεζώσαντοgirded themselvesVAI AMI3P · ζώννυμι + περιmain verb (predicate of ἀσθενοῦντες)→ gnomic aorist (characteristic reversal)ζώννυμι + περι: meaning 'girded themselves'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of ἀσθενοῦντες).
δύναμινstrength / powerN3I ASF · δύναμιςaccusative of content (what they gird on)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδύναμις: meaning 'strength'; it serves as accusative of content (what they gird on).
5
πλήρεις ἄρτων ἠλαττώθησαν καὶ οἱ πεινῶντες παρῆκαν γῆν ὅτι στεῖρα ἔτεκεν ἑπτά καὶ ἡ πολλὴ ἐν τέκνοις ἠσθένησεν
Those full of bread were brought low, and the hungry forsook the land; for the barren bore seven, and she who had many children grew weak.
Food, fertility, and family status are all overturned together. Hannah's own history stands behind the barren bearing seven, but the line has grown into a general song of the Lord's social reversals.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
πλήρειςthose fullA3H NPM · πλήρηςsubstantival adjective (subject of ἠλαττώθησαν)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπλήρης: meaning 'those full'; it serves as substantival adjective (subject of ἠλαττώθησαν).
ἄρτωνof bread / loavesN2 GPM · ἄρτοςgenitive of content (with πλήρεις: 'full of bread')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἄρτος: meaning 'of bread'; it serves as genitive of content (with πλήρεις: 'full of bread').
ἠλαττώθησανhave been brought low / diminishedVCI API3P · ἀλάσσωmain verb (predicate of πλήρεις)→ gnomic aorist (characteristic reversal)ἀλάσσω: meaning 'have been brought low'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of πλήρεις).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction (antithetical)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle (with participle)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πεινῶντεςthose who hungerV3 · παπνπμ πεινάωsubstantival participle (subject of παρῆκαν)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπαπνπμ πεινάω: meaning 'those who hunger'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as substantival participle (subject of παρῆκαν).
παρῆκανhave forsaken / passed overVAI AAI3P · ἵημι + παραmain verb (predicate of πεινῶντες)→ gnomic aoristἵημι + παρα: meaning 'have forsaken'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of πεινῶντες).
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆdirect object of παρῆκαν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as direct object of παρῆκαν.
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcausal conjunction (grounding / illustrating the reversals)→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
στεῖραbarren womanN1A NSF · στεῖραsubject of ἔτεκεν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipστεῖρα: meaning 'barren woman'; it serves as subject of ἔτεκεν.
ἔτεκενhas borneVBI AAI3S · τίκτωmain verb (predicate of στεῖρα)→ gnomic aorist (characteristic divine reversal)τίκτω: meaning 'has borne'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of στεῖρα).
ἑπτάsevenM · ἑπτάnumeral (object of ἔτεκεν; indeclinable)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἑπτά: meaning 'seven'; numeral expression contributing count or measure in context.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction (antithetical)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡthe (she)RA NSF · ὁarticle (substantizing πολλή)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πολλὴshe who had manyA1 NSF · πολύςsubstantival adjective (subject of ἠσθένησεν)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπολύς: meaning 'she who had many'; it serves as substantival adjective (subject of ἠσθένησεν).
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (respect: 'in children')→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (respect: 'in children').
τέκνοιςchildrenN2N DPN · τέκνονdative of respect (with πολλή)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipτέκνον: meaning 'children'; it serves as dative of respect (with πολλή).
ἠσθένησενhas languished / grown weakVAI AAI3S · ἀσθενέωmain verb (predicate of ἡ πολλή)→ gnomic aorist (characteristic reversal)ἀσθενέω: meaning 'has languished'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (predicate of ἡ πολλή).
6
κύριος θανατοῖ καὶ ζωογονεῖ κατάγει εἰς ᾅδου καὶ ἀνάγει
The Lord kills and makes alive; he brings down to Hades and brings up.
The reversal theme deepens into absolute sovereignty. The Lord's rule extends even to death, Hades, and return, making every prior reversal part of a larger dominion over life itself.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject of the four verbs→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as subject of the four verbs.
θανατοῖkills / puts to deathV4 PAI3S · θανατόωmain verb (first of antithetical pair)→ gnomic present (characteristic divine action)θανατόω: meaning 'kills'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (first of antithetical pair).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction (antithetical pair)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ζωογονεῖmakes alive / preserves aliveV2 PAI3S · ζωογονέωmain verb (antithesis to θανατοῖ)→ gnomic presentζωογονέω: meaning 'makes alive'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (antithesis to θανατοῖ).
κατάγειbrings downV1 PAI3S · ἄγω + καταmain verb (second antithetical pair)→ gnomic presentἄγω + κατα: meaning 'brings down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (second antithetical pair).
εἰςto / intoP · εἰςpreposition + genitive (direction; idiomatic εἰς ᾅδου)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (direction; idiomatic εἰς ᾅδου).
ᾅδουHades / the graveN1M GSM · ᾅδηςgenitive with εἰς (idiomatic: 'to [the house] of Hades')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipᾅδης: meaning 'Hades'; it serves as genitive with εἰς (idiomatic: 'to [the house] of Hades').
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction (antithetical)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνάγειbrings upV1 PAI3S · ἄγω + ἀναmain verb (antithesis to κατάγει)→ gnomic presentἄγω + ἀνα: meaning 'brings up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (antithesis to κατάγει).
7
κύριος πτωχίζει καὶ πλουτίζει ταπεινοῖ καὶ ἀνυψοῖ
The Lord makes poor and makes rich; he brings low and exalts.
Poverty, wealth, abasement, and exaltation all lie within the same divine government. No social state is presented as self-secured or autonomous.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject of the four verbs→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as subject of the four verbs.
πτωχίζειmakes poorV1 PAI3S · πτωχίζωmain verb (first antithetical pair)→ gnomic presentπτωχίζω: meaning 'makes poor'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (first antithetical pair).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction (antithetical)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πλουτίζειmakes richV1 PAI3S · πλουτίζωmain verb (antithesis to πτωχίζει)→ gnomic presentπλουτίζω: meaning 'makes rich'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (antithesis to πτωχίζει).
ταπεινοῖbrings low / humblesV4 PAI3S · ταπεινόωmain verb (second antithetical pair)→ gnomic presentταπεινόω: meaning 'brings low'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (second antithetical pair).
καὶand (also)C · καίcoordinate conjunction (antithetical)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and (also)'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνυψοῖlifts up / exaltsV4 PAI3S · ὑψόω + ἀναmain verb (antithesis to ταπεινοῖ)→ gnomic presentὑψόω + ἀνα: meaning 'lifts up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (antithesis to ταπεινοῖ).
8
ἀνιστᾷ ἀπὸ γῆς πένητα καὶ ἀπὸ κοπρίας ἐγείρει πτωχὸν τοῦ καθίσαι αὐτὸν μετὰ δυναστῶν λαοῦ καὶ θρόνον δόξης κατακληρονομῶν αὐτοῖς
He raises the poor from the earth and lifts the needy from the dung-hill, to seat him with the mighty of the people and to give them a throne of glory as an inheritance.
The poor and needy are not merely relieved; they are lifted into honor and inheritance. Dust and dung-hill give way to princely seating and a throne of glory.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ἀνιστᾷraises upV6 PAI3S · ἵστημι + ἀναmain verb (subject κύριος carried over from v. 7)→ gnomic presentἵστημι + ἀνα: meaning 'raises up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (subject κύριος carried over from v. 7).
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition + genitive (source: lowest place)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (source: lowest place).
γῆςground / dustN1 GSF · γῆgenitive of source (with ἀπό)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipγῆ: meaning 'ground'; it serves as genitive of source (with ἀπό).
πένηταpoor manN3T ASM · πένηςdirect object of ἀνιστᾷ→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπένης: meaning 'poor man'; it serves as direct object of ἀνιστᾷ.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction (synonymous parallelism)→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition + genitive (source, parallel)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (source, parallel).
κοπρίαςdunghill / refuse-heapN1A GSF · κοπρίαgenitive of source (with ἀπό)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκοπρία: meaning 'dunghill'; it serves as genitive of source (with ἀπό).
ἐγείρειraises / liftsV1 PAI3S · ἐγείρωmain verb (parallel to ἀνιστᾷ)→ gnomic presentἐγείρω: meaning 'raises'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (parallel to ἀνιστᾷ).
πτωχὸνneedy / poor manN2 ASM · πτωχόςdirect object of ἐγείρει→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπτωχός: meaning 'needy'; it serves as direct object of ἐγείρει.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καθίσαιto seat / to make sitVA AAN · ἵζω + καταinfinitive of purpose (result of the raising)→ telic aorist infinitive (purpose)ἵζω + κατα: meaning 'to seat'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as infinitive of purpose (result of the raising).
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronoun functioning as object or complement→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronoun functioning as object or complement.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition + genitive (accompaniment)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + genitive (accompaniment).
δυναστῶνof the mighty / rulersN1M GPM · δυνάστηςgenitive object of μετά→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδυνάστης: meaning 'of the mighty'; it serves as genitive object of μετά.
λαοῦpeopleN2 GSM · λαόςcommon noun within the clause→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipλαός: meaning 'people'; it serves as common noun within the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θρόνονthroneN2 ASM · θρόνοςdirect object of κατακληρονομῶν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipθρόνος: meaning 'throne'; it serves as direct object of κατακληρονομῶν.
δόξηςof gloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive of quality (modifying θρόνον: 'throne of glory')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδόξα: meaning 'of glory'; it serves as genitive of quality (modifying θρόνον: 'throne of glory').
κατακληρονομῶνgranting as an inheritanceV2 · παπνσμ κληρονομέω + καταattributive/circumstantial participle (modifying the subject κύριος)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπαπνσμ κληρονομέω + κατα: meaning 'granting as an inheritance'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as attributive/circumstantial participle (modifying the subject κύριος).
αὐτοῖςto themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative indirect object (recipients of the inheritance)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῖς: meaning 'to them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as dative indirect object (recipients of the inheritance).
9
διδοὺς εὐχὴν τῷ εὐχομένῳ καὶ εὐλόγησεν ἔτη δικαίου ὅτι οὐκ ἐν ἰσχύι δυνατὸς ἀνήρ
Granting the vow to the one who vows, he blessed the years of the righteous; for a man is not mighty by strength.
The movement turns toward the righteous person upheld by God. Strength alone does not establish a man; the Lord hears vows, blesses years, and determines enduring stability.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
διδοὺςgranting / givingV8 · παπνσμ δίδωμιcircumstantial participle (subject κύριος carried over)→ verbal verbal form presenting the action as a complete predicationπαπνσμ δίδωμι: meaning 'granting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as circumstantial participle (subject κύριος carried over).
εὐχὴνvow / prayerN1 ASF · εὐχήdirect object of διδοὺς→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipεὐχή: meaning 'vow'; it serves as direct object of διδοὺς.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle (with participle)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐχομένῳto the one who vows / praysV1 · πμπδσμ εὔχομαιsubstantival participle (dative indirect object)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπμπδσμ εὔχομαι: meaning 'to the one who vows'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as substantival participle (dative indirect object).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐλόγησενhe blessedVA AAI3S · εὐλογέωmain verb (subject κύριος)→ gnomic aorist (characteristic blessing)εὐλογέω: meaning 'he blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (subject κύριος).
ἔτηyearsN3E APN · ἔτοςdirect object of εὐλόγησεν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἔτος: meaning 'years'; it serves as direct object of εὐλόγησεν.
δικαίουof the righteous oneA1A GSM · δίκαιοςgenitive of possession (substantival: 'the righteous')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδίκαιος: meaning 'of the righteous one'; it serves as genitive of possession (substantival: 'the righteous').
ὅτιfor / becauseC · ὅτιcausal conjunction (grounding axiom)→ coordinationὅτι: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐnegation (fronted for emphasis)→ adverbial nuanceοὐκ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
ἐνin / byP · ἐνpreposition + dative (means)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (means).
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative of means (with ἐν)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative of means (with ἐν).
δυνατὸςmighty / strongA1 NSM · δυνατόςpredicate adjective (with implied ἐστίν)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδυνατός: meaning 'mighty'; it serves as predicate adjective (with implied ἐστίν).
ἀνήρa manN3 NSM · ἀνήρsubject (with implied copula)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἀνήρ: meaning 'a man'; it serves as subject (with implied copula).
10
κύριος ἀσθενῆ ποιήσει τὸν ἀντίδικον αὐτοῦ κύριος ἅγιος μὴ καυχάσθω ὁ σοφὸς ἐν τῇ σοφίᾳ αὐτοῦ καὶ μὴ καυχάσθω ὁ δυνατὸς ἐν τῇ δυνάμει αὐτοῦ καὶ μὴ καυχάσθω ὁ πλούσιος ἐν τῷ πλούτῳ αὐτοῦ ἀλλ' ἢ ἐν τούτῳ καυχάσθω ὁ καυχώμενος συνίειν καὶ γινώσκειν τὸν κύριον καὶ ποιεῖν κρίμα καὶ δικαιοσύνην ἐν μέσῳ τῆς γῆς κύριος ἀνέβη εἰς οὐρανοὺς καὶ ἐβρόντησεν αὐτὸς κρινεῖ ἄκρα γῆς δίκαιος ὢν καὶ δίδωσιν ἰσχὺν τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν ἡμῶν καὶ ὑψώσει κέρας χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ
The Lord will make his adversary weak; the Lord is holy. Let not the wise boast in his wisdom, and let not the mighty boast in his might, and let not the rich boast in his riches, but in this let the one who boasts boast: to understand and to know the Lord, and to do judgment and righteousness in the midst of the earth. The Lord went up into the heavens and thundered; he himself will judge the ends of the earth, and he gives strength to our kings and will exalt the horn of his anointed.
The canticle reaches its widest horizon here: wisdom, might, and riches are stripped of boasting value unless they terminate in knowing the Lord and practicing justice. The close expands into heavenly thunder, judgment of the earth's ends, royal strength, and the exaltation of the horn of his anointed.
Word-by-word analysis· 78 words
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject of ποιήσει→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as subject of ποιήσει.
ἀσθενῆweakA3H APN · ἀσθενήςobject complement (with ἀντίδικον: 'will make his adversary weak')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἀσθενής: meaning 'weak'; it serves as object complement (with ἀντίδικον: 'will make his adversary weak').
ποιήσειwill makeVF FAI3S · ποιέωmain verb (double-accusative: make X Y)→ predictive future (assured divine act)ποιέω: meaning 'will make'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (double-accusative: make X Y).
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun or phrase→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀντίδικονadversary / opponentN2 ASM · ἀντίδικοςdirect object of ποιήσει→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἀντίδικος: meaning 'adversary'; it serves as direct object of ποιήσει.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive of possession (modifying ἀντίδικον)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession (modifying ἀντίδικον).
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject of nominal clause (κύριος ἅγιος)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as subject of nominal clause (κύριος ἅγιος).
ἅγιοςholyA1A NSM · ἅγιοςpredicate adjective (κύριος ἅγιος: 'the LORD is holy')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as predicate adjective (κύριος ἅγιος: 'the LORD is holy').
μὴnotD · μήnegation (prohibitive, with 3rd-person imperative)→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
καυχάσθωlet him boastV3 PMD3S · καυχάομαιmain verb (third-person prohibition, first of triad)→ prohibitive present imperativeκαυχάομαι: meaning 'let him boast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (third-person prohibition, first of triad).
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle (substantizing φρόνιμος)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σοφὸςskilled / wiseA1 NSM · σοφόςadjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipσοφός: meaning 'skilled'; it serves as adjectival or numeral modifier within the phrase.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (sphere of boasting)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (sphere of boasting).
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σοφίᾳwisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative complement→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as dative complement.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive of possession→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήnegation (prohibitive)→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
καυχάσθωlet him boastV3 PMD3S · καυχάομαιmain verb (second prohibition)→ prohibitive present imperativeκαυχάομαι: meaning 'let him boast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (second prohibition).
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle (substantizing δυνατός)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνατὸςthe mightyA1 NSM · δυνατόςsubject of καυχάσθω (second of three)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδυνατός: meaning 'the mighty'; it serves as subject of καυχάσθω (second of three).
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (sphere)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (sphere).
τῇtheRA DSF · ὁarticle→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυνάμειmight / powerN3I DSF · δύναμιςdative object of ἐν (sphere)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδύναμις: meaning 'might'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (sphere).
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive of possession→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήnegation (prohibitive)→ prohibitive / negativeμὴ: meaning 'not'; it negates or qualifies the assertion of the clause.
καυχάσθωlet him boastV3 PMD3S · καυχάομαιmain verb (third prohibition)→ prohibitive present imperativeκαυχάομαι: meaning 'let him boast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (third prohibition).
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle (substantizing πλούσιος)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλούσιοςthe richA1A NSM · πλούσιοςsubject of καυχάσθω (third of three)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπλούσιος: meaning 'the rich'; it serves as subject of καυχάσθω (third of three).
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (sphere)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (sphere).
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλούτῳriches / wealthN2 DSM · πλοῦτοςdative object of ἐν (sphere)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπλοῦτος: meaning 'riches'; it serves as dative object of ἐν (sphere).
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive of possession→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession.
ἀλλ'butC · ἀλλάadversative conjunction (elided before vowel)→ coordinationἀλλ': meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἢrather / thanC · ἤparticle (with ἀλλά: 'but rather')→ coordinationἢ: meaning 'rather'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (sphere of legitimate boasting)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (sphere of legitimate boasting).
τούτῳthisRD DSM · οὗτοςdemonstrative (cataphoric: pointing forward to the infinitives)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipτούτῳ: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as demonstrative (cataphoric: pointing forward to the infinitives).
καυχάσθωlet him boastV3 PMD3S · καυχάομαιmain verb (positive imperative)→ imperatival present (the one warranted boast)καυχάομαι: meaning 'let him boast'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (positive imperative).
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle (with participle)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καυχώμενοςthe one who boastsV1 · παπνσμ καυχάομαιsubstantival participle (subject of καυχάσθω)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπαπνσμ καυχάομαι: meaning 'the one who boasts'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as substantival participle (subject of καυχάσθω).
συνίεινto understandV7 PAN · ἵημι + συνepexegetic infinitive (content of τούτῳ)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἵημι + συν: meaning 'to understand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as epexegetic infinitive (content of τούτῳ).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γινώσκεινto knowV1 PAN · γιγνώσκωepexegetic infinitive (paired with συνίειν)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipγιγνώσκω: meaning 'to know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as epexegetic infinitive (paired with συνίειν).
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle (with κύριον)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςdirect object of συνίειν / γινώσκειν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as direct object of συνίειν / γινώσκειν.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιεῖνto doV2 PAN · ποιέωepexegetic infinitive (ethical complement of knowing)→ imperfective infinitiveποιέω: meaning 'to do'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as epexegetic infinitive (ethical complement of knowing).
κρίμαjudgment / justiceN3M ASN · κρίμαdirect object of ποιεῖν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as direct object of ποιεῖν.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δικαιοσύνηνrighteousnessN1 ASF · δικαιοσύνηdirect object of ποιεῖν (paired with κρίμα)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as direct object of ποιεῖν (paired with κρίμα).
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition + dative (location)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + dative (location).
μέσῳthe midstA1 DSM · μέσοςdative with ἐν (idiomatic: 'in the midst of')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipμέσος: meaning 'the midst'; it serves as dative with ἐν (idiomatic: 'in the midst of').
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γῆςearthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive with μέσῳ ('midst of the earth')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipγῆ: meaning 'earth'; it serves as genitive with μέσῳ ('midst of the earth').
κύριοςLORDN2 NSM · κύριοςsubject of ἀνέβη→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as subject of ἀνέβη.
ἀνέβηhas gone up / ascendedVZI AAI3S · βαίνω + ἀναmain verb (theophanic)→ gnomic/dramatic aorist (theophanic ascent)βαίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'has gone up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (theophanic).
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition + accusative (direction)→ relation marked by the governing prepositionεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition + accusative (direction).
οὐρανοὺςheavensN2 APM · οὐρανόςaccusative object of εἰς→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipοὐρανός: meaning 'heavens'; it serves as accusative object of εἰς.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐβρόντησενhas thunderedVAI AAI3S · βροντάωmain verb (theophanic)→ dramatic aorist (theophanic thunder)βροντάω: meaning 'has thundered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (theophanic).
αὐτὸςhe himselfRD NSM · αὐτόςintensive pronoun (emphatic subject of κρινεῖ)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτὸς: meaning 'he himself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as intensive pronoun (emphatic subject of κρινεῖ).
κρινεῖwill judgeVF2 FAI3S · κρίνωmain verb (universal judgment)→ predictive future (eschatological-toned)κρίνω: meaning 'will judge'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (universal judgment).
ἄκραends / extremitiesA1A APN · ἄκροςdirect object of κρινεῖ→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἄκρος: meaning 'ends'; it serves as direct object of κρινεῖ.
γῆςof earthN1 GSF · γῆgenitive (with ἄκρα: 'ends of the earth')→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipγῆ: meaning 'of earth'; it serves as genitive (with ἄκρα: 'ends of the earth').
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςadjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as adjectival or numerical term functioning in a nom relation.
ὢνπαπνσμ εἰμίV9 · παπνσμ εἰμίfinite verb advancing the clause→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipπαπνσμ εἰμί: meaning 'παπνσμ εἰμί'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as finite verb advancing the clause.
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δίδωσινhe givesV8 PAI3S · δίδωμιmain verb (gift of royal strength)→ gnomic/futuristic presentδίδωμι: meaning 'he gives'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (gift of royal strength).
ἰσχὺνstrengthN3 ASF · ἰσχύςdirect object of δίδωσιν→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as direct object of δίδωσιν.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle (with βασιλεῦσιν)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
βασιλεῦσινkingsN3V DPM · βασιλεύςdative indirect object (recipients of strength)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipβασιλεύς: meaning 'kings'; it serves as dative indirect object (recipients of strength).
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώgenitive of possession (modifying βασιλεῦσιν)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession (modifying βασιλεῦσιν).
καὶandC · καίcoordinate conjunction→ coordinationκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψώσειwill exaltVF FAI3S · ὑψόωmain verb (climactic; inclusio with v. 1 ὑψώθη)→ predictive future (assured messianic exaltation)ὑψόω: meaning 'will exalt'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as main verb (climactic; inclusio with v. 1 ὑψώθη).
κέραςhornN3T NSN · κέραςdirect object of ὑψώσει→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipκέρας: meaning 'horn'; it serves as direct object of ὑψώσει.
χριστοῦof his anointedA1 GSM · χριστόςgenitive of possession (modifying κέρας)→ reversal, exultation, and divine kingshipχριστός: meaning 'of his anointed'; it serves as genitive of possession (modifying κέρας).
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive of possession (YHWH's anointed)→ participial force supplying attendant circumstance or descriptionαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as genitive of possession (YHWH's anointed).