1
φεύγει ἀσεβὴς μηδενὸς διώκοντος δίκαιος δὲ ὥσπερ λέων πέποιθεν
The ungodly flees when no one pursues, but the righteous is confident like a lion.
The chapter opens by opposing the guilty fear of the wicked to the settled boldness of the righteous.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
φεύγειfleesV1 PAI3S · φεύγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processφεύγω: meaning 'flees'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀσεβὴςungodlyA3H NSM · ἀσεβήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μηδενὸςof no oneA3 GSM · μηδείςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationμηδείς: meaning 'of no one'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
διώκοντοςpursuingV1 · παπγσμ διώκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσμ διώκω: meaning 'pursuing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δίκαιοςrighteousA1A NSM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὥσπερlikeD · ὥσπερadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὥσπερ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λέωνlionN3W NSM · λέωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλέων: meaning 'lion'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πέποιθενtrustsVX XAI3S · πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπείθω: meaning 'trusts'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
2
δι' ἁμαρτίας ἀσεβῶν κρίσεις ἐγείρονται ἀνὴρ δὲ πανοῦργος κατασβέσει αὐτάς
Because of the sins of the ungodly, judgments are stirred up, but a shrewd man will quench them.
Social turbulence rises from wickedness, yet prudent intelligence has a pacifying effect.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
δι'because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδι': meaning 'because of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἁμαρτίαςsinsN1A GSF · ἁμαρτίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἁμαρτία: meaning 'sins'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κρίσειςjudgmentsN3I APF · κρίσιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρίσις: meaning 'judgments'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐγείρονταιare stirred upV1 PMI3P · ἐγείρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἐγείρω: meaning 'are stirred up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πανοῦργοςshrewdA1B NSM · πανοῦργοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπανοῦργος: meaning 'shrewd'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κατασβέσειwill quenchVF2 FAI3S · σβέννυμι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσβέννυμι + κατα: meaning 'will quench'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτάςthemRD APF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτάς: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
ἀνδρεῖος ἐν ἀσεβείαις συκοφαντεῖ πτωχούς ὥσπερ ὑετὸς λάβρος καὶ ἀνωφελής
A bold man in acts of ungodliness oppresses the poor like a violent and useless rain.
Predatory power is compared to destructive weather that falls heavily yet yields no benefit.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἀνδρεῖοςboldA1A NSM · ἀνδρεῖοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνδρεῖος: meaning 'bold'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀσεβείαιςacts of ungodlinessN1A DPF · ἀσέβειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀσέβεια: meaning 'acts of ungodliness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
συκοφαντεῖoppressesV2 PAI3S · συκοφαντέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processσυκοφαντέω: meaning 'oppresses'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πτωχούςpoorN2 APM · πτωχόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπτωχός: meaning 'poor'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὥσπερlikeD · ὥσπερadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastὥσπερ: meaning 'like'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑετὸςrainN2 NSM · ὑετόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑετός: meaning 'rain'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λάβροςviolentA1B NSM · λάβροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλάβρος: meaning 'violent'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀνωφελήςuselessA3H NSM · ἀνωφελήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνωφελής: meaning 'useless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
4
οὕτως οἱ ἐγκαταλείποντες τὸν νόμον ἐγκωμιάζουσιν ἀσέβειαν οἱ δὲ ἀγαπῶντες τὸν νόμον περιβάλλουσιν ἑαυτοῖς τεῖχος
So those who abandon the law praise ungodliness, but those who love the law put a wall around themselves.
The law functions both as a moral allegiance and as a protective boundary for those who love it.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
οὕτωςsoD · οὕτωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: meaning 'so'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἱthose whoRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐγκαταλείποντεςabandoningV1 · παπνπμ λείπω + ἐν + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ λείπω + ἐν + κατα: meaning 'abandoning'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νόμονlawN2 ASM · νόμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνόμος: meaning 'law'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐγκωμιάζουσινpraiseV1 PAI3P · κωμιάζω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκωμιάζω + ἐν: meaning 'praise'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀσέβειανungodlinessN1A ASF · ἀσέβειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀσέβεια: meaning 'ungodliness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οἱthose whoRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαπῶντεςlovingV3 · παπνπμ ἀγαπάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ἀγαπάω: meaning 'loving'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
νόμονlawN2 ASM · νόμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνόμος: meaning 'law'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
περιβάλλουσινplace aroundV1 PAI3P · βάλλω + περιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβάλλω + περι: meaning 'place around'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἑαυτοῖςaround themselvesRD DPM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἑαυτοῖς: meaning 'around themselves'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τεῖχοςwallN3E ASN · τεῖχοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτεῖχος: meaning 'wall'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
5
ἄνδρες κακοὶ οὐ νοήσουσιν κρίμα οἱ δὲ ζητοῦντες τὸν κύριον συνήσουσιν ἐν παντί
Evil men will not understand judgment, but those who seek the Lord will understand in everything.
The inability of the wicked to perceive justice is opposed to the comprehensive discernment granted by seeking the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἄνδρεςmenN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'men'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κακοὶevilA1 NPM · κακόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νοήσουσινwill understandVF FAI3P · νοέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureνοέω: meaning 'will understand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οἱthose whoRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ζητοῦντεςseekingV2 · παπνπμ ζητέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ζητέω: meaning 'seeking'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'the Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
συνήσουσινwill understandVF FAI3P · ἵημι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵημι + συν: meaning 'will understand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
παντίeverythingA3 DSM · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'everything'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
6
κρείσσων πτωχὸς πορευόμενος ἐν ἀληθείᾳ πλουσίου ψευδοῦς
Better is a poor man walking in truth than a rich liar.
Integrity is valued above wealth when riches are bound up with falsehood.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
κρείσσωνbetterA3C NSM · κρείσσωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκρείσσων: meaning 'better'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πτωχὸςpoorN2 NSM · πτωχόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπτωχός: meaning 'poor'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πορευόμενοςwalkingV1 · πμπνσμ πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ πορεύομαι: meaning 'walking'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀληθείᾳtruthN1A DSF · ἀλήθειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀλήθεια: meaning 'truth'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πλουσίουthan a rich manA1A GSM · πλούσιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπλούσιος: meaning 'than a rich man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ψευδοῦςfalseA3H GSM · ψευδήςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationψευδής: meaning 'false'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
7
φυλάσσει νόμον υἱὸς συνετός ὃς δὲ ποιμαίνει ἀσωτίαν ἀτιμάζει πατέρα
A prudent son keeps the law, but one who tends debauchery dishonors his father.
Filial wisdom is expressed as lawful obedience, while dissipation brings shame upon the household.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
φυλάσσειkeepsV1 PAI3S · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processφυλάσσω: meaning 'keeps'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νόμονlawN2 ASM · νόμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνόμος: meaning 'law'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
υἱὸςsonN2 NSM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'son'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
συνετόςprudentA1 NSM · συνετόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσυνετός: meaning 'prudent'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ποιμαίνειtendsV1 PAI3S · ποιμαίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processποιμαίνω: meaning 'tends'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀσωτίανdebaucheryN1A ASF · ἀσωτίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀσωτία: meaning 'debauchery'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀτιμάζειdishonorsV1 PAI3S · ἀτιμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἀτιμάζω: meaning 'dishonors'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πατέραfatherN3 ASM · πατήρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
8
ὁ πληθύνων τὸν πλοῦτον αὐτοῦ μετὰ τόκων καὶ πλεονασμῶν τῷ ἐλεῶντι πτωχοὺς συνάγει αὐτόν
He who increases his wealth by interest and excess gathers it for the one who has mercy on the poor.
Ill-gained accumulation is shown to be unstable and ultimately transferred toward merciful use.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πληθύνωνincreasingV1 · παπνσμ πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ πληθύνω: meaning 'increasing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλοῦτονwealthN2 ASM · πλοῦτοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπλοῦτος: meaning 'wealth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: meaning 'with'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τόκωνinterestN2 GPM · τόκοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationτόκος: meaning 'interest'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πλεονασμῶνexcess gainsN2 GPM · πλεονασμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπλεονασμός: meaning 'excess gains'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τῷfor the oneRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλεῶντιshowing mercy toV3 · παπδσμ ἐλεάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπδσμ ἐλεάω: meaning 'showing mercy to'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πτωχοὺςthe poorN2 APM · πτωχόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπτωχός: meaning 'the poor'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
συνάγειgathersV1 PAI3S · ἄγω + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἄγω + συν: meaning 'gathers'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνitRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
9
ὁ ἐκκλίνων τὸ οὖς αὐτοῦ τοῦ μὴ εἰσακοῦσαι νόμου καὶ αὐτὸς τὴν προσευχὴν αὐτοῦ ἐβδέλυκται
He who turns his ear away from hearing the law, even his prayer is abominable.
Refusal to listen to divine instruction renders even worship offensive.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκκλίνωνturning awayV1 · παπνσμ κλίνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ κλίνω + ἐκ: meaning 'turning away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
οὖςearN3T ASN · οὖςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ participant referenceοὖς: meaning 'ear'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τοῦthan the oneRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσακοῦσαιto hearVA AAN · ἀκούω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'to hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νόμουνόμοςN2 GSM · νόμοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationνόμος: meaning 'νόμος'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αὐτὸςhe himselfRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸς: meaning 'he himself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσευχὴνprayerN1 ASF · προσευχήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπροσευχή: meaning 'prayer'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐβδέλυκταιis abominableVM XMI3S · βδελύσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateβδελύσσω: meaning 'is abominable'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
10
ὃς πλανᾷ εὐθεῖς ἐν ὁδῷ κακῇ εἰς διαφθορὰν αὐτὸς ἐμπεσεῖται οἱ δὲ ἄνομοι διελεύσονται ἀγαθὰ καὶ οὐκ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς αὐτά
Whoever leads the upright astray on an evil path will himself fall into destruction; but the lawless will pass through good things and not enter into them.
The deceiver's plot recoils upon himself, and the lawless prove unable to possess the goods they brush against.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πλανᾷleads astrayV3 PAI3S · πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processπλανάω: meaning 'leads astray'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εὐθεῖςupright onesA3U APM · εὐθύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐθύς: meaning 'upright ones'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁδῷpathN2 DSF · ὁδόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὁδός: meaning 'path'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κακῇevilA1 DSF · κακόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
διαφθορὰνdestructionN1A ASF · διαφθοράaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationδιαφθορά: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτὸςhe himselfRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸς: meaning 'he himself'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐμπεσεῖταιwill fallVF2 FMI3S · πίπτω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίπτω + ἐν: meaning 'will fall'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οἱthose whoRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἄνομοιlawlessA1B NPM · ἄνομοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
διελεύσονταιwill pass throughVF FMI3P · ἔρχομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἔρχομαι + δια: meaning 'will pass through'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀγαθὰgood thingsA1 APN · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀγαθός: meaning 'good things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσελεύσονταιwill enterVF FMI3P · ἔρχομαι + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἔρχομαι + εἰς: meaning 'will enter'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτάthemRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτά: meaning 'them'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
11
σοφὸς παρ' ἑαυτῷ ἀνὴρ πλούσιος πένης δὲ νοήμων καταγνώσεται αὐτοῦ
A rich man is wise in his own eyes, but a poor man with understanding will expose him.
Wealth can generate self-deception, while genuine discernment is not tied to status.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
σοφὸςwiseA1 NSM · σοφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφός: meaning 'wise'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παρ'inP · παράpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρ': meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἑαυτῷhis own eyesRD DSM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἑαυτῷ: meaning 'his own eyes'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πλούσιοςrichA1A NSM · πλούσιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπλούσιος: meaning 'rich'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πένηςpoor manN3T NSM · πένηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπένης: meaning 'poor man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
νοήμωνunderstandingA3N NSM · νοήμωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνοήμων: meaning 'understanding'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καταγνώσεταιwill exposeVF FMI3S · γιγνώσκω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureγιγνώσκω + κατα: meaning 'will expose'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
12
διὰ βοήθειαν δικαίων πολλὴ γίνεται δόξα ἐν δὲ τόποις ἀσεβῶν ἁλίσκονται ἄνθρωποι
Through the help of the righteous great glory arises, but in the places of the ungodly men are ensnared.
Righteous influence elevates public life, whereas wicked settings become traps for human beings.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
βοήθειανhelpN1A ASF · βοήθειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationβοήθεια: meaning 'help'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δικαίωνof the righteousA1A GPM · δίκαιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδίκαιος: meaning 'of the righteous'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πολλὴgreatA1 NSF · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'great'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
γίνεταιbecomesV1 PMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processγίγνομαι: meaning 'becomes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τόποιςplacesN2 DPM · τόποςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceτόπος: meaning 'places'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἁλίσκονταιare ensnaredV1 PPI3P · ἁλίσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἁλίσκω: meaning 'are ensnared'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄνθρωποιmenN2 NPM · ἄνθρωποςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄνθρωπος: meaning 'men'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
13
ὁ ἐπικαλύπτων ἀσέβειαν ἑαυτοῦ οὐκ εὐοδωθήσεται ὁ δὲ ἐξηγούμενος ἐλέγχους ἀγαπηθήσεται
He who covers his own ungodliness will not prosper, but the one who recounts rebukes will be loved.
Concealment blocks flourishing, while candid acceptance of correction opens the way to favor.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπικαλύπτωνcovering upV1 · παπνσμ καλύπτω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ καλύπτω + ἐπι: meaning 'covering up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀσέβειανungodlinessN1A ASF · ἀσέβειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀσέβεια: meaning 'ungodliness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἑαυτοῦ: meaning 'his own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐοδωθήσεταιwill prosperVC FPI3S · εὐοδόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὐοδόω: meaning 'will prosper'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξηγούμενοςsetting forthV2 · πμπνσμ ἡγέομαι + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ ἡγέομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'setting forth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐλέγχουςrebukesN2 APM · ἔλεγχοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔλεγχος: meaning 'rebukes'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀγαπηθήσεταιwill be lovedVC FPI3S · ἀγαπάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀγαπάω: meaning 'will be loved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
14
μακάριος ἀνήρ ὃς καταπτήσσει πάντα δι' εὐλάβειαν ὁ δὲ σκληρὸς τὴν καρδίαν ἐμπεσεῖται κακοῖς
Blessed is the man who always trembles with reverence, but the one who hardens his heart will fall into evils.
Reverent caution is praised over stubborn hardness of heart.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
μακάριοςblessedA1A NSM · μακάριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμακάριος: meaning 'blessed'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνήρἀνήρN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'ἀνήρ'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καταπτήσσειtremblesV1 PAI3S · πτήσσω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processπτήσσω + κατα: meaning 'trembles'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάνταalwaysA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'always'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δι'because ofP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδι': meaning 'because of'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
εὐλάβειανreverenceN1A ASF · εὐλάβειαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐλάβεια: meaning 'reverence'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκληρὸςhardA1A NSM · σκληρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκληρός: meaning 'hard'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐμπεσεῖταιwill fallVF2 FMI3S · πίπτω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίπτω + ἐν: meaning 'will fall'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κακοῖςevilsA1 DPM · κακόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκακός: meaning 'evils'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
15
λέων πεινῶν καὶ λύκος διψῶν ὃς τυραννεῖ πτωχὸς ὢν ἔθνους πενιχροῦ
A hungry lion and a thirsty wolf is one who tyrannizes while being poor over a needy people.
A destitute tyrant is likened to ravenous predators set loose upon the vulnerable.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
λέωνlionN3W NSM · λέωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλέων: meaning 'lion'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πεινῶνhungryV3 · παπνσμ πεινάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ πεινάω: meaning 'hungry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
λύκοςwolfN2 NSM · λύκοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλύκος: meaning 'wolf'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
διψῶνthirstyV3 · παπνσμ διψάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ διψάω: meaning 'thirsty'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τυραννεῖtyrannizesV2 PAI3S · τυραννέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processτυραννέω: meaning 'tyrannizes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πτωχὸςpoorN2 NSM · πτωχόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπτωχός: meaning 'poor'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὢνbeingV9 · παπνσμ εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ εἰμί: meaning 'being'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔθνουςa peopleN3E GSN · ἔθνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔθνος: meaning 'a people'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
πενιχροῦpoorA1A GSN · πενιχρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπενιχρός: meaning 'poor'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
16
βασιλεὺς ἐνδεὴς προσόδων μέγας συκοφάντης ὁ δὲ μισῶν ἀδικίαν μακρὸν χρόνον ζήσεται
A king lacking revenues is a great extortioner, but the one who hates injustice will live a long time.
Economic insecurity in a ruler breeds oppression, while hatred of injustice lengthens rule and life.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
βασιλεὺςkingN3V NSM · βασιλεύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβασιλεύς: meaning 'king'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνδεὴςlackingA3H NSM · ἐνδεήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐνδεής: meaning 'lacking'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
προσόδωνrevenuesN2 GPF · πρόσοδοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρόσοδος: meaning 'revenues'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μέγαςgreatA1P NSM · μέγαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
συκοφάντηςextortionerN1M NSM · συκοφάντηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσυκοφάντης: meaning 'extortioner'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μισῶνhatingV2 · παπνσμ μισέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ μισέω: meaning 'hating'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀδικίανinjusticeN1A ASF · ἀδικίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀδικία: meaning 'injustice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μακρὸνlongA1A ASM · μακρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμακρός: meaning 'long'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
χρόνονtimeN2 ASM · χρόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ζήσεταιwill liveVF FMI3S · ζάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureζάω: meaning 'will live'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
17
ἄνδρα τὸν ἐν αἰτίᾳ φόνου ὁ ἐγγυώμενος φυγὰς ἔσται καὶ οὐκ ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ παίδευε υἱόν καὶ ἀγαπήσει σε καὶ δώσει κόσμον τῇ σῇ ψυχῇ οὐ μὴ ὑπακούσῃς ἔθνει παρανόμῳ
The one who gives surety for a man guilty of blood will be a fugitive and not in safety. Discipline a son, and he will love you and give adornment to your soul. Do not obey a lawless nation.
This composite verse moves from complicity in bloodguilt to filial discipline and finally to refusal of collective lawlessness.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
ἄνδραa manN3 ASM · ἀνήρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνήρ: meaning 'a man'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αἰτίᾳguiltyN1A DSF · αἰτίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceαἰτία: meaning 'guilty'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
φόνουof bloodshedN2 GSM · φόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationφόνος: meaning 'of bloodshed'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐγγυώμενοςgiving surety forV3 · πμπνσμ ἐγγυάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ ἐγγυάω: meaning 'giving surety for'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
φυγὰςa fugitiveN1 APF · φυγήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationφυγή: meaning 'a fugitive'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἔσταιwill beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'will be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀσφαλείᾳin safetyN1A DSF · ἀσφάλειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀσφάλεια: meaning 'in safety'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
παίδευεdisciplineV1 PAD2S · παιδεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαιδεύω: meaning 'discipline'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
υἱόνυἱόςN2 ASM · υἱόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationυἱός: meaning 'υἱός'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαπήσειwill loveVF FAI3S · ἀγαπάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀγαπάω: meaning 'will love'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσε: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δώσειwill giveVF FAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι: meaning 'will give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κόσμονadornmentN2 ASM · κόσμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκόσμος: meaning 'adornment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τῇat theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σῇyourA1 DSF · σόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσός: meaning 'your'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ψυχῇsoulN1 DSF · ψυχήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceψυχή: meaning 'soul'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπακούσῃςobeyVA AAS2S · ἀκούω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἀκούω + ὑπο: meaning 'obey'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἔθνειa nationN3E DSN · ἔθνοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔθνος: meaning 'a nation'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
παρανόμῳlawlessA1B DSN · παράνομοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπαράνομος: meaning 'lawless'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
18
ὁ πορευόμενος δικαίως βεβοήθηται ὁ δὲ σκολιαῖς ὁδοῖς πορευόμενος ἐμπλακήσεται
He who walks righteously is helped, but he who walks in crooked ways will be entangled.
Straight conduct brings support, while crooked movement becomes self-entrapment.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πορευόμενοςwalkingV1 · πμπνσμ πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ πορεύομαι: meaning 'walking'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δικαίωςrighteouslyD · δικαίωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδικαίως: meaning 'righteously'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βεβοήθηταιis helpedVM XPI3S · βοηθέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateβοηθέω: meaning 'is helped'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σκολιαῖςcrookedA1A DPF · σκολιόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσκολιός: meaning 'crooked'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὁδοῖςwaysN2 DPF · ὁδόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὁδός: meaning 'ways'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πορευόμενοςwalkingV1 · πμπνσμ πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ πορεύομαι: meaning 'walking'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐμπλακήσεταιwill be entangledVD FPI3S · πλέκω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπλέκω + ἐν: meaning 'will be entangled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
19
ὁ ἐργαζόμενος τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γῆν πλησθήσεται ἄρτων ὁ δὲ διώκων σχολὴν πλησθήσεται πενίας
He who works his own land will be filled with bread, but he who pursues idleness will be filled with poverty.
Diligent labor yields provision, whereas chasing emptiness brings want.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐργαζόμενοςworkingV1 · πμπνσμ ἐργάζομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ ἐργάζομαι: meaning 'working'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἑαυτοῦhis ownRD GSM · ἑαυτοῦpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἑαυτοῦ: meaning 'his own'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πλησθήσεταιwill be filledVS FPI3S · πίμπλημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίμπλημι: meaning 'will be filled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄρτωνwith breadN2 GPM · ἄρτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄρτος: meaning 'with bread'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διώκωνpursuingV1 · παπνσμ διώκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ διώκω: meaning 'pursuing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σχολὴνidlenessN1 ASF · σχολήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσχολή: meaning 'idleness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πλησθήσεταιwill be filledVS FPI3S · πίμπλημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπίμπλημι: meaning 'will be filled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πενίαςpovertyN1A GSF · πενίαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπενία: meaning 'poverty'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
20
ἀνὴρ ἀξιόπιστος πολλὰ εὐλογηθήσεται ὁ δὲ κακὸς οὐκ ἀτιμώρητος ἔσται
A trustworthy man will be greatly blessed, but the evil man will not go unpunished.
Reliability attracts blessing, while wickedness cannot escape reckoning.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀξιόπιστοςtrustworthyA1B NSM · ἀξιόπιστοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀξιόπιστος: meaning 'trustworthy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πολλὰgreatlyA1 APN · πολύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπολύς: meaning 'greatly'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εὐλογηθήσεταιwill be blessedVC FPI3S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεὐλογέω: meaning 'will be blessed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κακὸςevilA1 NSM · κακόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκακός: meaning 'evil'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀτιμώρητοςunpunishedA1B NSM · ἀτιμώρητοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀτιμώρητος: meaning 'unpunished'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔσταιwill beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'will be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
21
ὃς οὐκ αἰσχύνεται πρόσωπα δικαίων οὐκ ἀγαθός ὁ τοιοῦτος ψωμοῦ ἄρτου ἀποδώσεται ἄνδρα
Whoever is not ashamed before the faces of the righteous is not good; such a man will sell a man for a morsel of bread.
Lack of moral shame is exposed as the kind of corruption that would betray another for the smallest gain.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
αἰσχύνεταιis ashamedV1 PMI3S · αἰσχύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processαἰσχύνω: meaning 'is ashamed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πρόσωπαbefore facesN2N APN · πρόσωπονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'before faces'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δικαίωνof the righteousA1A GPM · δίκαιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδίκαιος: meaning 'of the righteous'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀγαθόςgoodA1 NSM · ἀγαθόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀγαθός: meaning 'good'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοιοῦτοςsuchA1 NSM · τοιοῦτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτοιοῦτος: meaning 'such'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ψωμοῦfor a morselN2 GSM · ψωμόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationψωμός: meaning 'for a morsel'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἄρτουof breadN2 GSM · ἄρτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄρτος: meaning 'of bread'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀποδώσεταιwill betrayVF FMI3S · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδίδωμι + ἀπο: meaning 'will betray'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄνδραa manN3 ASM · ἀνήρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνήρ: meaning 'a man'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
22
σπεύδει πλουτεῖν ἀνὴρ βάσκανος καὶ οὐκ οἶδεν ὅτι ἐλεήμων κρατήσει αὐτοῦ
An envious man hastens to become rich and does not know that the merciful man will master him.
Greedy haste is shortsighted, blind to the eventual strength of mercy over envy.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
σπεύδειhastensV1 PAI3S · σπεύδωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processσπεύδω: meaning 'hastens'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πλουτεῖνto become richV2 PAN · πλουτέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementπλουτέω: meaning 'to become rich'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βάσκανοςenviousA1B NSM · βάσκανοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβάσκανος: meaning 'envious'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἶδενknowsVX XAI3S · οἶδαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateοἶδα: meaning 'knows'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλεήμωνmercifulA3N NSM · ἐλεήμωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐλεήμων: meaning 'merciful'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κρατήσειwill masterVF FAI3S · κρατέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκρατέω: meaning 'will master'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
23
ὁ ἐλέγχων ἀνθρώπου ὁδοὺς χάριτας ἕξει μᾶλλον τοῦ γλωσσοχαριτοῦντος
He who reproves a man's ways will have more favor than the one who flatters with the tongue.
Truthful correction is valued above pleasing but deceptive speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐλέγχωνreprovingV1 · παπνσμ ἐλέγχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ ἐλέγχω: meaning 'reproving'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνθρώπουa manN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'a man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ὁδοὺςwaysN2 APF · ὁδόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὁδός: meaning 'ways'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
χάριταςfavorN3T APF · χάριςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχάρις: meaning 'favor'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἕξειwill haveVF FAI3S · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἔχω: meaning 'will have'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μᾶλλονmore thanD · μᾶλλονadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμᾶλλον: meaning 'more than'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῦthan the oneRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
γλωσσοχαριτοῦντοςflattering with the tongueV4 · παπγσμ γλωσσοχαριτόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπγσμ γλωσσοχαριτόω: meaning 'flattering with the tongue'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
24
ὃς ἀποβάλλεται πατέρα ἢ μητέρα καὶ δοκεῖ μὴ ἁμαρτάνειν οὗτος κοινωνός ἐστιν ἀνδρὸς ἀσεβοῦς
Whoever casts off father or mother and thinks that he is not sinning, this one is partner with an ungodly man.
Filial repudiation is treated not as independence but as fellowship with wickedness.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀποβάλλεταιcasts offV1 PMI3S · βάλλω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processβάλλω + ἀπο: meaning 'casts off'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πατέραfatherN3 ASM · πατήρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπατήρ: meaning 'father'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἢorC · ἤconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἢ: meaning 'or'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μητέραmotherN3 ASF · μήτηρaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμήτηρ: meaning 'mother'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δοκεῖthinksV2 PAI3S · δοκέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processδοκέω: meaning 'thinks'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁμαρτάνεινto sinV1 PAN · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'to sin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὗτοςthis oneRD NSM · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceοὗτος: meaning 'this one'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κοινωνόςpartnerN2 NSM · κοινωνόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκοινωνός: meaning 'partner'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινisV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'is'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀνδρὸςwith a manN3 GSM · ἀνήρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀνήρ: meaning 'with a man'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἀσεβοῦςungodlyA3H GSM · ἀσεβήςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀσεβής: meaning 'ungodly'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
25
ἄπληστος ἀνὴρ κρίνει εἰκῇ ὃς δὲ πέποιθεν ἐπὶ κύριον ἐν ἐπιμελείᾳ ἔσται
A greedy man judges at random, but the one who trusts in the Lord will live in carefulness.
Appetite without anchor produces reckless judgment, while trust in the Lord yields ordered attentiveness.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἄπληστοςgreedyA1B NSM · ἄπληστοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄπληστος: meaning 'greedy'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνὴρmanN3 NSM · ἀνήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀνήρ: meaning 'man'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κρίνειjudgesV1 PAI3S · κρίνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκρίνω: meaning 'judges'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εἰκῇat randomD · εἰκῆadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰκῇ: meaning 'at random'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πέποιθενtrustsVX XAI3S · πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπείθω: meaning 'trusts'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶinP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'the Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐπιμελείᾳcarefulnessN1A DSF · ἐπιμέλειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐπιμέλεια: meaning 'carefulness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔσταιwill beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'will be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
26
ὃς πέποιθεν θρασείᾳ καρδίᾳ ὁ τοιοῦτος ἄφρων ὃς δὲ πορεύεται σοφίᾳ σωθήσεται
He who trusts in a bold heart, such a one is a fool; but the one who walks in wisdom will be saved.
Self-assured inward bravado is folly, whereas wisdom-guided walking brings safety.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πέποιθενtrustsVX XAI3S · πείθωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπείθω: meaning 'trusts'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θρασείᾳboldA3U DSF · θρασύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθρασύς: meaning 'bold'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καρδίᾳheartN1A DSF · καρδίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τοιοῦτοςsuchA1 NSM · τοιοῦτοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτοιοῦτος: meaning 'such'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄφρωνfoolA3N NSM · ἄφρωνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄφρων: meaning 'fool'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πορεύεταιπορεύομαιV1 PMI3S · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processπορεύομαι: meaning 'πορεύομαι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοφίᾳin wisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceσοφία: meaning 'in wisdom'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σωθήσεταιwill be savedVC FPI3S · σώζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσώζω: meaning 'will be saved'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
27
ὃς δίδωσιν πτωχοῖς οὐκ ἐνδεηθήσεται ὃς δὲ ἀποστρέφει τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν πολλῇ ἀπορίᾳ ἔσται
He who gives to the poor will not be in need, but the one who turns away his eye will be in great distress.
Generosity protects against lack, while studied disregard of the poor ends in constriction.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δίδωσινgivesV8 PAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processδίδωμι: meaning 'gives'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πτωχοῖςto the poorN2 DPM · πτωχόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπτωχός: meaning 'to the poor'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνδεηθήσεταιwill be in needVC FPI3S · δέω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδέω + ἐν: meaning 'will be in need'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὃςwhoRR NSM · ὅςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceὃς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποστρέφειturns awayV1 PAI3S · στρέφω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processστρέφω + ἀπο: meaning 'turns away'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὀφθαλμὸνeyeN2 ASM · ὀφθαλμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πολλῇgreatA1 DSF · πολύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπολύς: meaning 'great'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἀπορίᾳdistressN1A DSF · ἀπορίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀπορία: meaning 'distress'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔσταιwill beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἰμί: meaning 'will be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
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ἐν τόποις ἀσεβῶν στένουσι δίκαιοι ἐν δὲ τῇ ἐκείνων ἀπωλείᾳ πληθυνθήσονται δίκαιοι
In the places of the ungodly the righteous groan, but when those men perish the righteous will be multiplied.
The chapter ends by contrasting the pressure felt under wicked rule with the expansion of the righteous after its collapse.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τόποιςplacesN2 DPM · τόποςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceτόπος: meaning 'places'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἀσεβῶνof the ungodlyA3H GPM · ἀσεβήςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἀσεβής: meaning 'of the ungodly'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
στένουσιgroanV1 PAI3P · στένωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processστένω: meaning 'groan'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δίκαιοιrighteousA1A NPM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
δὲbutX · δέadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastδὲ: meaning 'but'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τῇat theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐκείνωνof those menRD GPM · ἐκεῖνοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἐκείνων: meaning 'of those men'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπωλείᾳdestructionN1A DSF · ἀπώλειαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀπώλεια: meaning 'destruction'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
πληθυνθήσονταιwill be multipliedVC FPI3P · πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπληθύνω: meaning 'will be multiplied'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
δίκαιοιrighteousA1A NPM · δίκαιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδίκαιος: meaning 'righteous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.