1
εἰς τὸ τέλος ἐν ψαλμοῖς ᾠδὴ τῷ Δαυιδ
For the end, among psalms, a song for David.
The heading frames the poem for musical use, setting a communal worship context before the intensely personal prayer begins.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτέλος: meaning 'end'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ψαλμοῖςpsalmsN2 DPM · ψαλμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceψαλμός: meaning 'psalms'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ᾠδὴsongN1 NSF · ᾠδήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceᾠδή: meaning 'song'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῷtheRA DSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ΔαυιδDavidN DSM · Δαυίδadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastΔαυιδ: meaning 'David'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
2
ἐν τῷ ἐπικαλεῖσθαί με εἰσήκουσέν μου ὁ θεὸς τῆς δικαιοσύνης μου ἐν θλίψει ἐπλάτυνάς μοι οἰκτίρησόν με καὶ εἰσάκουσον τῆς προσευχῆς μου
When I called, the God of my righteousness heard me; in affliction you gave me room. Have mercy on me and hear my prayer.
The psalmist recalls prior rescue in distress and turns that memory into a fresh plea for mercy and attentive hearing.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἐπικαλεῖσθαίto call uponV2 PMN · καλέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementκαλέω + ἐπι: meaning 'to call upon'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εἰσήκουσένheardVAI AAI3S · ἀκούω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'heard'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θεὸςGodN2 NSM · θεόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθεός: meaning 'God'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δικαιοσύνηςrighteousnessN1 GSF · δικαιοσύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θλίψειafflictionN3I DSF · θλῖψιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθλῖψις: meaning 'affliction'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπλάτυνάςgave roomVAI AAI2S · πλατύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπλατύνω: meaning 'gave room'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μοιto meRP DS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestμοι: meaning 'to me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
οἰκτίρησόνhave mercyVA AAD2S · οἰκτείρωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateοἰκτείρω: meaning 'have mercy'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εἰσάκουσονhearVA AAD2S · ἀκούω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῆςtheRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσευχῆςprayerN1 GSF · προσευχήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπροσευχή: meaning 'prayer'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
3
υἱοὶ ἀνθρώπων ἕως πότε βαρυκάρδιοι ἵνα τί ἀγαπᾶτε ματαιότητα καὶ ζητεῖτε ψεῦδος διάψαλμα
Sons of men, how long will you be heavy-hearted? Why do you love vanity and seek falsehood? Selah.
Prayer turns outward into admonition: human hearers are accused of dull-hearted attachment to what is empty and false.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
υἱοὶsonsN2 NPM · υἱόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceυἱός: meaning 'sons'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀνθρώπωνof menN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄνθρωπος: meaning 'of men'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: meaning 'until'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πότεhow longD · πότεadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastπότε: meaning 'how long'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
βαρυκάρδιοιheavy-heartedA1B NPM · βαρυκάρδιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβαρυκάρδιος: meaning 'heavy-hearted'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἵναwhyC · ἵναconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastἵνα: meaning 'why'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίwhyRI ASN · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτί: meaning 'why'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀγαπᾶτεloveV3 PAI2P · ἀγαπάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἀγαπάω: meaning 'love'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ματαιότηταvanityN3T ASF · ματαιότηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationματαιότης: meaning 'vanity'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ζητεῖτεseekV2 PAI2P · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processζητέω: meaning 'seek'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ψεῦδοςfalsehoodN3E ASN · ψεῦδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationψεῦδος: meaning 'falsehood'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
διάψαλμαselahN3M NSN · διάψαλμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδιάψαλμα: meaning 'selah'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
4
καὶ γνῶτε ὅτι ἐθαυμάστωσεν κύριος τὸν ὅσιον αὐτοῦ κύριος εἰσακούσεταί μου ἐν τῷ κεκραγέναι με πρὸς αὐτόν
And know that the Lord has made his holy one wondrous; the Lord will hear me when I cry to him.
The speaker urges recognition that the Lord distinguishes the faithful one, then immediately voices assurance that his own cry is heard.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γνῶτεknowVZ AAD2P · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateγιγνώσκω: meaning 'know'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐθαυμάστωσενmade wondrousVAI AAI3S · θαυμαστόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθαυμαστόω: meaning 'made wondrous'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὅσιονholy oneA1A ASM · ὅσιοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅσιος: meaning 'holy one'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
εἰσακούσεταίwill hearVF FMI3S · ἀκούω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἀκούω + εἰς: meaning 'will hear'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κεκραγέναιto cry outVX XAN · κράζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ infinitival complementκράζω: meaning 'to cry out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: meaning 'to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
5
ὀργίζεσθε καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε λέγετε ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν καὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς κοίταις ὑμῶν κατανύγητε διάψαλμα
Be angry, and do not sin; speak within your hearts, and on your beds be pierced with compunction. Selah.
Emotion is not denied, but it must be governed. The line pushes hearers from agitation toward self-examination and nocturnal contrition.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ὀργίζεσθεbe angryV1 PMD2P · ὀργίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὀργίζω: meaning 'be angry'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἁμαρτάνετεsinV1 PAD2P · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἁμαρτάνω: meaning 'sin'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λέγετεspeakV1 PAD2P · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateλέγω: meaning 'speak'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίαιςheartsN1A DPF · καρδίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκαρδία: meaning 'hearts'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ταῖςtheRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κοίταιςbedsN1 DPF · κοίτηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκοίτη: meaning 'beds'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὑμῶνyourRP GP · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationὑμῶν: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατανύγητεbe pierced with compunctionVZ APD2P · νύσσω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateνύσσω + κατα: meaning 'be pierced with compunction'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
διάψαλμαselahN3M NSN · διάψαλμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδιάψαλμα: meaning 'selah'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
6
θύσατε θυσίαν δικαιοσύνης καὶ ἐλπίσατε ἐπὶ κύριον
Offer a sacrifice of righteousness, and hope in the Lord.
External sacrifice is acceptable only when paired with righteousness and trust; ritual and reliance are held together.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
θύσατεofferVA AAD2P · θύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateθύω: meaning 'offer'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θυσίανsacrificeN1A ASF · θυσίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθυσία: meaning 'sacrifice'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
δικαιοσύνηςrighteousnessN1 GSF · δικαιοσύνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδικαιοσύνη: meaning 'righteousness'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλπίσατεhopeVA AAD2P · ἐλπίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateἐλπίζω: meaning 'hope'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'the Lord'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
7
πολλοὶ λέγουσιν τίς δείξει ἡμῖν τὰ ἀγαθά ἐσημειώθη ἐφ' ἡμᾶς τὸ φῶς τοῦ προσώπου σου κύριε
Many say, 'Who will show us the good things?' The light of your face, O Lord, has been marked upon us.
Where the many question whether any good remains, the psalmist answers with the visible favor of God's face resting on his people.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
πολλοὶmanyA1 NPM · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λέγουσινsayV1 PAI3P · λέγωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processλέγω: meaning 'say'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
δείξειwill showVF FAI3S · δεικνύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδεικνύω: meaning 'will show'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡμῖνto usRP DP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestἡμῖν: meaning 'to us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἀγαθάgood thingsA1 APN · ἀγαθόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀγαθός: meaning 'good things'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐσημειώθηhas been markedVCI API3S · σημειόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσημειόω: meaning 'has been marked'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἡμᾶςusRP AP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceἡμᾶς: meaning 'us'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
φῶςlightN3T NSN · φῶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφῶς: meaning 'light'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τοῦtheRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
προσώπουfaceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπρόσωπον: meaning 'face'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationσου: meaning 'your'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
8
ἔδωκας εὐφροσύνην εἰς τὴν καρδίαν μου ἀπὸ καιροῦ σίτου καὶ οἴνου καὶ ἐλαίου αὐτῶν ἐπληθύνθησαν
You gave gladness to my heart; from the time when their grain and wine and oil increased,
The gladness given by God is measured against harvest abundance and shown to be the greater gift.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἔδωκαςgaveVAI AAI2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'gave'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
εὐφροσύνηνgladnessN1 ASF · εὐφροσύνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεὐφροσύνη: meaning 'gladness'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'for'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationμου: meaning 'my'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καιροῦseasonN2 GSM · καιρόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαιρός: meaning 'season'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σίτουgrainN2 GSM · σῖτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσῖτος: meaning 'grain'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οἴνουwineN2 GSM · οἶνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοἶνος: meaning 'wine'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐλαίουoilN2N GSN · ἔλαιονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔλαιον: meaning 'oil'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐπληθύνθησανincreasedVCI API3P · πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπληθύνω: meaning 'increased'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
9
ἐν εἰρήνῃ ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κοιμηθήσομαι καὶ ὑπνώσω ὅτι σύ κύριε κατὰ μόνας ἐπ' ἐλπίδι κατῴκισάς με
in peace together I will lie down and sleep, because you alone, O Lord, have settled me in hope.
The psalm resolves in evening stillness: secure dwelling granted by the Lord makes undisturbed sleep possible.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
εἰρήνῃpeaceN1 DSF · εἰρήνηdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεἰρήνη: meaning 'peace'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐτὸtogetherRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸ: meaning 'together'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κοιμηθήσομαιI will lie downVC FPI1S · κοιμάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκοιμάω: meaning 'I will lie down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑπνώσωsleepVF FAI1S · ὑπνόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureὑπνόω: meaning 'sleep'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: meaning 'that'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σύyouRP NS · σύpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceσύ: meaning 'you'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κύριεO LordN2 VSM · κύριοςvocative nominal element used in direct address→ direct addressκύριος: meaning 'O Lord'; it serves as vocative nominal element used in direct address.
κατὰbyP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'by'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μόναςaloneA1 APF · μόνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationμόνος: meaning 'alone'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπ'inP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐλπίδιhopeN3D DSF · ἐλπίςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἐλπίς: meaning 'hope'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κατῴκισάςsettledVAI AAI2S · οἰκίζω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristοἰκίζω + κατα: meaning 'settled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceμε: meaning 'me'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.