1
ἐὰν εὖ ποιῇς γνῶθι τίνι ποιεῖς καὶ ἔσται χάρις τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς σου
If you do good, know to whom you do it, and there will be gratitude for your good deeds.
The unit opens by qualifying beneficence with discernment: charity is not morally neutral but depends on its recipient.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: connective rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εὖwellD · εὖadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionεὖ: lexical item rendered 'well' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ποιῇςyou do goodV2 PAS2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionποιέω: lexical item rendered 'you do good' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
γνῶθιknowVZ AAD2S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ direct command or prohibitionγιγνώσκω: lexical item rendered 'know' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τίνιto whomRI DSM · τίςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceτίς: pronominal form rendered 'to whom' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ποιεῖςyou doV2 PAI2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionποιέω: lexical item rendered 'you do' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἔσταιit will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεἰμί: lexical item rendered 'it will be' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
χάριςgratitudeN3 NSF · χάριςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceχάρις: lexical item rendered 'gratitude' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοῖςto theRA DPN · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀγαθοῖςgood thingsA1 DPN · ἀγαθόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀγαθός: lexical item rendered 'good things' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
2
εὖ ποίησον εὐσεβεῖ καὶ εὑρήσεις ἀνταπόδομα καὶ εἰ μὴ παρ' αὐτοῦ ἀλλὰ παρὰ τοῦ ὑψίστου
Do good to a godly person, and you will find repayment, and if not from him, then from the Most High.
The positive rule directs generosity toward the devout and grounds its reward in divine recompense even when human return fails.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
εὖwellD · εὖadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionεὖ: lexical item rendered 'well' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ποίησονdoVA AAD2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ direct command or prohibitionποιέω: lexical item rendered 'do' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εὐσεβεῖgodly personA3H DSM · εὐσεβήςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceεὐσεβής: lexical item rendered 'godly person' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εὑρήσειςyou will findVF FAI2S · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεὑρίσκω: lexical item rendered 'you will find' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀνταπόδομαrepaymentN3M ASN · ἀνταπόδομαaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἀνταπόδομα: lexical item rendered 'repayment' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εἰifC · εἰconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageεἰ: connective rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
παρ'fromP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingπαρά: lexical item rendered 'from' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀλλὰbutC · ἀλλάconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἀλλά: connective rendered 'but' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingπαρά: lexical item rendered 'from' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ qualification or source relationὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὑψίστουof the Most HighA1 GSM · ὕψιστοςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationὕψιστος: lexical item rendered 'of the Most High' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
3
οὐκ ἔσται ἀγαθὰ τῷ ἐνδελεχίζοντι εἰς κακὰ καὶ τῷ ἐλεημοσύνην μὴ χαριζομένῳ
There will be no good for the one who persists in evils and for the one who does not graciously show mercy.
Sirach explains the restriction by describing the entrenched evildoer as unreceptive to the good that is done.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἔσταιit will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεἰμί: lexical item rendered 'it will be' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀγαθὰgood thingsA1 NPN · ἀγαθόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceἀγαθός: lexical item rendered 'good things' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνδελεχίζοντιpersistingV1 · παπδσμ δελεχίζω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ participant characterizationπαπδσμ δελεχίζω + ἐν: lexical item rendered 'persisting' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingεἰς: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κακὰevilsA1 APN · κακόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalκακός: lexical item rendered 'evils' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐλεημοσύνηνalmsgivingN1 ASF · ἐλεημοσύνηaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἐλεημοσύνη: lexical item rendered 'almsgiving' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
χαριζομένῳshowing mercyV1 · πμπδσμ χαρίζομαιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ participant characterizationπμπδσμ χαρίζομαι: lexical item rendered 'showing mercy' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
4
δὸς τῷ εὐσεβεῖ καὶ μὴ ἀντιλάβῃ τοῦ ἁμαρτωλοῦ
Give to the godly, and do not help the sinner.
The principle is restated in compact antithesis to make the moral boundary unmistakable.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ direct command or prohibitionδίδωμι: lexical item rendered 'give' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εὐσεβεῖgodly personA3H DSM · εὐσεβήςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceεὐσεβής: lexical item rendered 'godly person' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀντιλάβῃhelpVB AAS3S · λαμβάνω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionλαμβάνω + ἀντι: lexical item rendered 'help' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ qualification or source relationὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἁμαρτωλοῦof a sinnerA1B GSM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationἁμαρτωλός: lexical item rendered 'of a sinner' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
5
εὖ ποίησον ταπεινῷ καὶ μὴ δῷς ἀσεβεῖ ἐμπόδισον τοὺς ἄρτους αὐτοῦ καὶ μὴ δῷς αὐτῷ ἵνα μὴ ἐν αὐτοῖς σε δυναστεύσῃ διπλάσια γὰρ κακὰ εὑρήσεις ἐν πᾶσιν ἀγαθοῖς οἷς ἂν ποιήσῃς αὐτῷ
Do good to the humble, and do not give to the ungodly; hold back his bread and do not give it to him, lest through it he overpower you, for you will find twice as many evils in return for all the good things that you may do for him.
Beneficence toward the impious is portrayed as materially empowering the very person who will repay kindness with amplified harm.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
εὖwellD · εὖadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionεὖ: lexical item rendered 'well' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ποίησονdoVA AAD2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ direct command or prohibitionποιέω: lexical item rendered 'do' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ταπεινῷhumble personA1 DSM · ταπεινόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceταπεινός: lexical item rendered 'humble person' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
δῷςgiveVO AAS2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionδίδωμι: lexical item rendered 'give' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀσεβεῖungodly personA3H DSM · ἀσεβήςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀσεβής: lexical item rendered 'ungodly person' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐμπόδισονhold backVA AAD2S · ποδίζω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ direct command or prohibitionποδίζω + ἐν: lexical item rendered 'hold back' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἄρτουςbreadN2 APM · ἄρτοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἄρτος: lexical item rendered 'bread' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
δῷςgiveVO AAS2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionδίδωμι: lexical item rendered 'give' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτῷfor himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'for him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἵναlestC · ἵναconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἵνα: connective rendered 'lest' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῖςwith themRD DPM · αὐτόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'with them' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalσύ: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
δυναστεύσῃmay overpowerVA AAS3S · δυναστεύωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionδυναστεύω: lexical item rendered 'may overpower' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
διπλάσιαdoubleA1A APN · διπλάσιοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalδιπλάσιος: lexical item rendered 'double' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionγάρ: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κακὰevilsA1 APN · κακόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalκακός: lexical item rendered 'evils' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εὑρήσειςyou will findVF FAI2S · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεὑρίσκω: lexical item rendered 'you will find' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πᾶσινin all thingsA3 DPN · πᾶςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'in all things' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀγαθοῖςgood thingsA1 DPN · ἀγαθόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀγαθός: lexical item rendered 'good things' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
οἷςwhichRR DPN · ὅςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceὅς: lexical item rendered 'which' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἂνmayX · ἄνadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionἄν: lexical item rendered 'may' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ποιήσῃςyou may doVA AAS2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionποιέω: lexical item rendered 'you may do' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτῷfor himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'for him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
6
ὅτι καὶ ὁ ὕψιστος ἐμίσησεν ἁμαρτωλοὺς καὶ τοῖς ἀσεβέσιν ἀποδώσει ἐκδίκησιν
For the Most High also hates sinners, and he will repay the ungodly with vengeance.
The prohibition is grounded theologically in the divine opposition to persistent wickedness.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὅτι: connective rendered 'because' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandD · καίadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὕψιστοςMost HighA1 NSM · ὕψιστοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceὕψιστος: lexical item rendered 'Most High' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐμίσησενhatedVAI AAI3S · μισέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionμισέω: lexical item rendered 'hated' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἁμαρτωλοὺςsinnersA1B APM · ἁμαρτωλόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἁμαρτωλός: lexical item rendered 'sinners' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀσεβέσινungodly peopleA3H DPM · ἀσεβήςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀσεβής: lexical item rendered 'ungodly people' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀποδώσειwill repayVF FAI3S · δίδωμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultδίδωμι + ἀπο: lexical item rendered 'will repay' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐκδίκησινvengeanceN3I ASF · ἐκδικήσιςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἐκδικήσις: lexical item rendered 'vengeance' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
7
δὸς τῷ ἀγαθῷ καὶ μὴ ἀντιλάβῃ τοῦ ἁμαρτωλοῦ
Give to the good man, and do not help the sinner.
The unit seals its opening instruction by repeating the contrast in nearly identical form.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ direct command or prohibitionδίδωμι: lexical item rendered 'give' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀγαθῷgood manA1 DSM · ἀγαθόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀγαθός: lexical item rendered 'good man' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀντιλάβῃhelpVB AAS3S · λαμβάνω + ἀντιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionλαμβάνω + ἀντι: lexical item rendered 'help' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ qualification or source relationὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἁμαρτωλοῦof a sinnerA1B GSM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationἁμαρτωλός: lexical item rendered 'of a sinner' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
8
οὐκ ἐκδικηθήσεται ἐν ἀγαθοῖς ὁ φίλος καὶ οὐ κρυβήσεται ἐν κακοῖς ὁ ἐχθρός
In prosperity a friend is not distinguished, and in adversity an enemy will not stay hidden.
Sirach turns from almsgiving to relational discernment, noting that circumstances expose loyalties.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐκδικηθήσεταιwill be distinguishedVC FPI3S · δικέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultδικέω + ἐκ: lexical item rendered 'will be distinguished' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀγαθοῖςgood thingsA1 DPM · ἀγαθόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀγαθός: lexical item rendered 'good things' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
φίλοςa friendA1 NSM · φίλοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceφίλος: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κρυβήσεταιhe will hide himselfVD FPI3S · κρύπτωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultκρύπτω: lexical item rendered 'he will hide himself' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κακοῖςevilsA1 DPN · κακόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceκακός: lexical item rendered 'evils' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐχθρόςan enemyA1A NSM · ἐχθρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceἐχθρός: lexical item rendered 'an enemy' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
9
ἐν ἀγαθοῖς ἀνδρὸς οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτοῦ ἐν λύπῃ καὶ ἐν τοῖς κακοῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ ὁ φίλος διαχωρισθήσεται
In a man’s prosperity his enemies are in grief, and in his troubles even his friend will separate himself.
Prosperity and hardship reveal opposite pressures: enemies resent success, while weak friendship may fail under strain.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀγαθοῖςgood thingsA1 DPN · ἀγαθόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀγαθός: lexical item rendered 'good things' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀνδρὸςa husbandN3 GSM · ἀνήρgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationἀνήρ: lexical item rendered 'a husband' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐχθροὶenemiesA1A NPM · ἐχθρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceἐχθρός: lexical item rendered 'enemies' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
λύπῃgriefN1 DSF · λύπηdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceλύπη: lexical item rendered 'grief' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοῖςto theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κακοῖςevilsA1 DPM · κακόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceκακός: lexical item rendered 'evils' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandD · καίadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionκαί: lexical item rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
φίλοςa friendA1 NSM · φίλοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceφίλος: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
διαχωρισθήσεταιwill separate himselfVS FPI3S · χωρίζω + διαverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultχωρίζω + δια: lexical item rendered 'will separate himself' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
10
μὴ πιστεύσῃς τῷ ἐχθρῷ σου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ὡς γὰρ ὁ χαλκὸς ἰοῦται οὕτως ἡ πονηρία αὐτοῦ
Never trust your enemy, for as bronze corrodes, so also does his wickedness.
The corrosion image portrays evil as an inward process that continues even when the surface seems stable.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πιστεύσῃςtrustVA AAS2S · πιστεύωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionπιστεύω: lexical item rendered 'trust' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τῷto theRA DSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐχθρῷenemyA1A DSM · ἐχθρόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἐχθρός: lexical item rendered 'enemy' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingεἰς: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αἰῶναageN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalαἰών: lexical item rendered 'age' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὡς: connective rendered 'as' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionγάρ: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
χαλκὸςbronzeN2 NSM · χαλκόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceχαλκός: lexical item rendered 'bronze' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἰοῦταιcorrodesV4 PMI3S · ἰόομαιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionἰόομαι: lexical item rendered 'corrodes' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
οὕτωςso alsoD · οὕτωςadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὕτως: lexical item rendered 'so also' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πονηρίαwickednessN1A NSF · πονηρίαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceπονηρία: lexical item rendered 'wickedness' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
11
καὶ ἐὰν ταπεινωθῇ καὶ πορεύηται συγκεκυφώς ἐπίστησον τὴν ψυχήν σου καὶ φύλαξαι ἀπ' αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔσῃ αὐτῷ ὡς ἐκμεμαχὼς ἔσοπτρον καὶ γνώσῃ ὅτι οὐκ εἰς τέλος κατίωσεν
Even if he humbles himself and goes about bent over, set your soul on guard and beware of him, and you will be to him like one who has polished a mirror, and you will know that his corrosion has not gone all the way through.
Apparent humility does not cancel danger; watchfulness reveals whether the seeming change is only superficial.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: connective rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ταπεινωθῇis humbledVC APS3S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionταπεινόω: lexical item rendered 'is humbled' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πορεύηταιgoes aboutV1 PMS3S · πορεύομαιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionπορεύομαι: lexical item rendered 'goes about' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
συγκεκυφώςbent overVX · χαπνσμ κύπτω + συνverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionχαπνσμ κύπτω + συν: lexical item rendered 'bent over' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐπίστησονset on guardVA AAD2S · ἵστημι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ direct command or prohibitionἵστημι + ἐπι: lexical item rendered 'set on guard' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalψυχή: lexical item rendered 'soul' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
φύλαξαιguard yourselfVA AMD2S · φυλάσσωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionφυλάσσω: lexical item rendered 'guard yourself' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀπ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἀπό: lexical item rendered 'from' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἔσῃyou will beVF FMI2S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεἰμί: lexical item rendered 'you will be' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτῷfor himRD DSM · αὐτόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'for him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὡς: connective rendered 'as' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐκμεμαχὼςhaving polishedVX · χαπνσμ μάσσω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionχαπνσμ μάσσω + ἐκ: lexical item rendered 'having polished' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἔσοπτρονmirrorN2N ASN · ἔσοπτρονaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἔσοπτρον: lexical item rendered 'mirror' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
γνώσῃyou will knowVF FMI2S · γιγνώσκωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultγιγνώσκω: lexical item rendered 'you will know' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὅτιbecauseC · ὅτιconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὅτι: connective rendered 'because' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingεἰς: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τέλοςendN3E ASN · τέλοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalτέλος: lexical item rendered 'end' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κατίωσενhas corrodedVA AAI3S · κατιόωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionκατιόω: lexical item rendered 'has corroded' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
12
μὴ στήσῃς αὐτὸν παρὰ σεαυτῷ μὴ ἀνατρέψας σε στῇ ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον σου μὴ καθίσῃς αὐτὸν ἐκ δεξιῶν σου μήποτε ζητήσῃ τὴν καθέδραν σου καὶ ἐπ' ἐσχάτων ἐπιγνώσῃ τοὺς λόγους μου καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ῥημάτων μου κατανυγήσῃ
Do not station him beside yourself, lest after overthrowing you he stand in your place; do not seat him at your right hand, lest he seek your chair, and at the last you will understand my words and be pierced by my sayings.
The warning becomes practical: do not grant an enemy proximity, rank, or access that can be turned into displacement.
Word-by-word analysis· 37 words
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
στήσῃςstationVA AAS2S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionἵστημι: lexical item rendered 'station' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingπαρά: lexical item rendered 'from' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σεαυτῷupon yourselfRD DSM · σεαυτοῦdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceσεαυτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'upon yourself' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀνατρέψαςafter overthrowingVA · ααπνσμ τρέπω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionααπνσμ τρέπω + ἀνα: lexical item rendered 'after overthrowing' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalσύ: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
στῇhe may standVH AAS3S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionἵστημι: lexical item rendered 'he may stand' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐπί: lexical item rendered 'upon' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τόπονroomN2 ASM · τόποςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalτόπος: lexical item rendered 'room' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καθίσῃςseatVA AAS2S · ἵζω + καταverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionἵζω + κατα: lexical item rendered 'seat' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐκ: lexical item rendered 'from' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
δεξιῶνright handA1A GPM · δεξιόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationδεξιός: lexical item rendered 'right hand' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μήποτεlest perhapsD · μήποτεadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμήποτε: lexical item rendered 'lest perhaps' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ζητήσῃmay seekVA AAS3S · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionζητέω: lexical item rendered 'may seek' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καθέδρανseatN1A ASF · καθέδραaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalκαθέδρα: lexical item rendered 'seat' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐπ'atP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐπί: lexical item rendered 'at' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐσχάτωνthe endA1 GPN · ἔσχατοςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationἔσχατος: lexical item rendered 'the end' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐπιγνώσῃyou will understandVF FMI2S · γιγνώσκω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultγιγνώσκω + ἐπι: lexical item rendered 'you will understand' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
λόγουςwordsN2 APM · λόγοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalλόγος: lexical item rendered 'words' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'my' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐπί: lexical item rendered 'upon' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ qualification or source relationὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ῥημάτωνwordsN3M GPN · ῥῆμαgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationῥῆμα: lexical item rendered 'words' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'my' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κατανυγήσῃyou will be piercedVF2 FMI2S · νύσσω + καταverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultνύσσω + κατα: lexical item rendered 'you will be pierced' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
13
τίς ἐλεήσει ἐπαοιδὸν ὀφιόδηκτον καὶ πάντας τοὺς προσάγοντας θηρίοις
Who will pity a snake-charmer bitten by a serpent, or all those who approach wild beasts?
The image makes foolish sympathy the product of knowingly courting danger.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
τίςwhoRI NSM · τίςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceτίς: pronominal form rendered 'who' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐλεήσειwill pityVF FAI3S · ἐλεέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultἐλεέω: lexical item rendered 'will pity' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐπαοιδὸνsnake-charmerN2 ASM · ἐπαοιδόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἐπαοιδός: lexical item rendered 'snake-charmer' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὀφιόδηκτονserpent-bittenA1B ASM · ὀφιόδηκτοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalὀφιόδηκτος: lexical item rendered 'serpent-bitten' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πάνταςallA3 APM · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
προσάγονταςthose approachingV1 · παπαπμ ἄγω + προςverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ participant characterizationπαπαπμ ἄγω + προς: lexical item rendered 'those approaching' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
θηρίοιςbeastsN2N DPN · θηρίονdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceθηρίον: lexical item rendered 'beasts' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
14
οὕτως τὸν προσπορευόμενον ἀνδρὶ ἁμαρτωλῷ καὶ συμφυρόμενον ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις αὐτοῦ
So too is the man who goes near a sinner and becomes mixed up in his sins.
Association with a sinner is likened to careless contact with venomous danger.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οὕτωςso alsoD · οὕτωςadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὕτως: lexical item rendered 'so also' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
προσπορευόμενονthe one who goes nearV1 · πμπασμ πορεύομαι + προςverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ participant characterizationπμπασμ πορεύομαι + προς: lexical item rendered 'the one who goes near' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀνδρὶto a manN3 DSM · ἀνήρdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἀνήρ: lexical item rendered 'to a man' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἁμαρτωλῷto a sinnerA1B DSM · ἁμαρτωλόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἁμαρτωλός: lexical item rendered 'to a sinner' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
συμφυρόμενονbecoming entangledV1 · παπασμ φύρω + συνverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ participant characterizationπαπασμ φύρω + συν: lexical item rendered 'becoming entangled' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ταῖςon theRA DPF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'on the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἁμαρτίαιςto sinsN1A DPF · ἁμαρτίαdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceἁμαρτία: lexical item rendered 'to sins' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
15
ὥραν μετὰ σοῦ διαμενεῖ καὶ ἐὰν ἐκκλίνῃς οὐ μὴ καρτερήσῃ
He will remain with you for an hour, and if you slip aside, he will not endure.
The sinner’s solidarity is brief and opportunistic rather than steadfast.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ὥρανan hourN1A ASF · ὥραaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalὥρα: lexical item rendered 'an hour' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingμετά: lexical item rendered 'with' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
διαμενεῖwill remainVF2 FAI3S · μένω + διαverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultμένω + δια: lexical item rendered 'will remain' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: connective rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐκκλίνῃςyou turn asideV1 PAS2S · κλίνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionκλίνω + ἐκ: lexical item rendered 'you turn aside' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionμή: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καρτερήσῃwill endureVA AAS3S · καρτερέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionκαρτερέω: lexical item rendered 'will endure' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
16
καὶ ἐν τοῖς χείλεσιν αὐτοῦ γλυκανεῖ ὁ ἐχθρὸς καὶ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ βουλεύσεται ἀνατρέψαι σε εἰς βόθρον ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ δακρύσει ὁ ἐχθρός καὶ ἐὰν εὕρῃ καιρόν οὐκ ἐμπλησθήσεται ἀφ' αἵματος
With his lips the enemy will sweeten his speech, but in his heart he will plan to overturn you into a pit; with his eyes the enemy will weep, and if he finds an opportunity, he will not be satisfied with blood.
Sirach contrasts flattering speech and tearful performance with murderous intent lodged in the heart.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τοῖςto theRA DPN · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'to the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
χείλεσινlipsN3E DPN · χεῖλοςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceχεῖλος: lexical item rendered 'lips' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
γλυκανεῖwill sweetenVF2 FAI3S · γλυκαίνωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultγλυκαίνω: lexical item rendered 'will sweeten' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐχθρὸςenemyA1A NSM · ἐχθρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceἐχθρός: lexical item rendered 'enemy' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τῇyourRA DSF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'your' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καρδίᾳheartN1A DSF · καρδίαdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceκαρδία: lexical item rendered 'heart' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
βουλεύσεταιwill planVF FMI3S · βουλεύωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultβουλεύω: lexical item rendered 'will plan' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀνατρέψαιto overturnVA AAN · τρέπω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal complement or projected actionτρέπω + ἀνα: lexical item rendered 'to overturn' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σεyouRP AS · σύaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalσύ: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εἰςforP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingεἰς: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
βόθρονpitN2 ASM · βόθροςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalβόθρος: lexical item rendered 'pit' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὀφθαλμοῖςeyesN2 DPM · ὀφθαλμόςdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceὀφθαλμός: lexical item rendered 'eyes' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
δακρύσειwill weepVF FAI3S · δακρύωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultδακρύω: lexical item rendered 'will weep' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐχθρόςan enemyA1A NSM · ἐχθρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceἐχθρός: lexical item rendered 'an enemy' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: connective rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εὕρῃfindsVB AAS3S · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionεὑρίσκω: lexical item rendered 'finds' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καιρόνopportunityN2 ASM · καιρόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalκαιρός: lexical item rendered 'opportunity' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐμπλησθήσεταιwill be satisfiedVS FPI3S · πίμπλημι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultπίμπλημι + ἐν: lexical item rendered 'will be satisfied' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀφ'fromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἀπό: lexical item rendered 'from' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αἵματοςbloodN3M GSN · αἷμαgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαἷμα: lexical item rendered 'blood' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
17
κακὰ ἐὰν ὑπαντήσῃ σοι εὑρήσεις αὐτὸν πρότερον ἐκεῖ σου καὶ ὡς βοηθῶν ὑποσχάσει πτέρναν σου
If evils meet you, you will find him there before you, and while seeming to help, he will trip up your heel.
Adversity gives the enemy his moment: assistance becomes sabotage.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
κακὰevilsA1 NPN · κακόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or appositional element→ participant or predicate prominenceκακός: lexical item rendered 'evils' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: connective rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὑπαντήσῃmay meetVA AAS3S · ἀντάω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ event or state assertionἀντάω + ὑπο: lexical item rendered 'may meet' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σοιto youRP DS · σύdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceσύ: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
εὑρήσειςyou will findVF FAI2S · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεὑρίσκω: lexical item rendered 'you will find' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πρότερονbeforehandD · πρότερονadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionπρότερον: lexical item rendered 'beforehand' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial or discourse particle shaping the clause→ local semantic contributionἐκεῖ: lexical item rendered 'there' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὡς: connective rendered 'as' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
βοηθῶνhelpingN2 GPM · βοηθόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationβοηθός: lexical item rendered 'helping' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ὑποσχάσειwill trip upVF FAI3S · σχάζω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultσχάζω + ὑπο: lexical item rendered 'will trip up' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πτέρνανheelN1A ASF · πτέρναaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπτέρνα: lexical item rendered 'heel' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationσύ: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
18
τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ κινήσει καὶ ἐπικροτήσει ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ καὶ πολλὰ διαψιθυρίσει καὶ ἀλλοιώσει τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ
He will shake his head and clap his hands, and he will whisper much and change his face.
Closes with the enemy’s theatrical gestures of malicious delight and scheming speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κεφαλὴνheadN1 ASF · κεφαλήaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalκεφαλή: lexical item rendered 'head' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
κινήσειwill shakeVF FAI3S · κινέωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultκινέω: lexical item rendered 'will shake' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἐπικροτήσειwill clapVF FAI3S · κροτέω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultκροτέω + ἐπι: lexical item rendered 'will clap' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ταῖςon theRA DPF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek article rendered 'on the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
χερσὶνto handsN3 DPF · χείρdative term marking sphere, means, reference, or indirect object→ sphere or instrument referenceχείρ: lexical item rendered 'to hands' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πολλὰmany thingsA1 APN · πολύςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπολύς: lexical item rendered 'many things' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
διαψιθυρίσειwill whisperVF FAI3S · ψιθυρίζω + διαverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultψιθυρίζω + δια: lexical item rendered 'will whisper' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: connective rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
ἀλλοιώσειwill alterVF FAI3S · ἀλλοιόωverbal form carrying the action or assertion of the clause→ future projection or promised resultἀλλοιόω: lexical item rendered 'will alter' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the following noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
πρόσωπονfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπρόσωπον: lexical item rendered 'face' in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.
αὐτοῦhimRD GSM · αὐτόςgenitive modifier qualifying a head term or relation→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about discerned beneficence, the danger of aiding sinners, and the exposure of hostile duplicity.