1
ὁ φοβούμενος κύριον ποιήσει αὐτό καὶ ὁ ἐγκρατὴς τοῦ νόμου καταλήμψεται αὐτήν
He who fears the Lord will do this, and the one who holds fast the law will lay hold of her.
The opening thesis ties reverence for the Lord and disciplined attachment to the Law directly to grasping personified Wisdom.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
φοβούμενοςfearingV2 · πμπνσμ φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ participant characterizationφοβέω: lexical item rendered 'fearing' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalκύριος: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ποιήσειwill doVF FAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultποιέω: lexical item rendered 'do' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτόitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'it' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
ἐγκρατὴςself-controlledA3H NSM · ἐγκρατήςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἐγκρατής: lexical item rendered 'self-controlled' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ qualification or source relationὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
νόμουof the lawN2 GSM · νόμοςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationνόμος: lexical item rendered 'of the law' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καταλήμψεταιwill lay hold ofVF FMI3S · λαμβάνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultλαμβάνω + κατα: lexical item rendered 'lay hold of' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'her' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
2
καὶ ὑπαντήσεται αὐτῷ ὡς μήτηρ καὶ ὡς γυνὴ παρθενίας προσδέξεται αὐτόν
And she will meet him like a mother, and like a virgin wife she will receive him.
Wisdom is personified with maternal and bridal imagery to describe her intimate, life-giving welcome.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὑπαντήσεταιwill meetVF FMI3S · ἀντάω + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultἀντάω + ὑπο: lexical item rendered 'meet' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτῷhimRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ sphere or instrument referenceαὐτός: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference supplied by the local context in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὡς: lexical item rendered 'as' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μήτηρmotherN3 NSF · μήτηρnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceμήτηρ: lexical item rendered 'mother' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὡς: lexical item rendered 'as' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
γυνὴwifeN3K NSF · γυνήnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceγυνή: lexical item rendered 'wife' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
παρθενίαςof virginityN1A GSF · παρθενίαgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationπαρθενία: lexical item rendered 'of virginity' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
προσδέξεταιreceiveVF FMI3S · δέχομαι + προςverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultδέχομαι + προς: lexical item rendered 'receive' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
3
ψωμιεῖ αὐτὸν ἄρτον συνέσεως καὶ ὕδωρ σοφίας ποτίσει αὐτόν
She will feed him with bread of understanding, and she will give him water of wisdom to drink.
The imagery shifts from welcome to nourishment, presenting discernment and wisdom as sustaining food and drink.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ψωμιεῖfeedVF2 FAI3S · ψωμίζωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultψωμίζω: lexical item rendered 'feed' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἄρτονbreadN2 ASM · ἄρτοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἄρτος: lexical item rendered 'bread' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
συνέσεωςof understandingN3I GSF · σύνεσιςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationσύνεσις: lexical item rendered 'of understanding' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalὕδωρ: lexical item rendered 'water' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
σοφίαςof wisdomN1A GSF · σοφίαgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationσοφία: lexical item rendered 'of wisdom' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ποτίσειgive to drinkVF FAI3S · ποτίζωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultποτίζω: lexical item rendered 'give to drink' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
4
στηριχθήσεται ἐπ' αὐτὴν καὶ οὐ μὴ κλιθῇ καὶ ἐπ' αὐτῆς ἐφέξει καὶ οὐ μὴ καταισχυνθῇ
He will be supported by her and will never be shaken; he will cling to her and will never be put to shame.
Wisdom’s nourishment issues in stability and honor, negating both collapse and disgrace for the faithful adherent.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
στηριχθήσεταιsupportVQ FPI3S · στηρίζωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultστηρίζω: lexical item rendered 'support' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐπί: lexical item rendered 'upon' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτὴνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'her' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μὴnotD · μήparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionμή: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
κλιθῇbendVC APS3S · κλίνωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionκλίνω: lexical item rendered 'bend' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐπί: lexical item rendered 'upon' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'her' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐφέξειclingVF FAI3S · ἔχω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultἔχω + ἐπι: lexical item rendered 'cling' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μὴnotD · μήparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionμή: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καταισχυνθῇput to shameVC APS3S · αἰσχύνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionαἰσχύνω + κατα: lexical item rendered 'put to shame' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
5
καὶ ὑψώσει αὐτὸν παρὰ τοὺς πλησίον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν μέσῳ ἐκκλησίας ἀνοίξει τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ
And she will exalt him above his neighbors, and in the midst of the assembly she will open his mouth.
The wise person’s private formation becomes public consequence as Wisdom grants social elevation and authoritative speech.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὑψώσειexaltVF FAI3S · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultὑψόω: lexical item rendered 'exalt' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
παρὰbesideP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingπαρά: lexical item rendered 'beside' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
πλησίονneighborsD · πλησίονparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ local semantic contributionπλησίον: lexical item rendered 'neighbors' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μέσῳμέσῳA1 DSN · μέσοςdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceμέσος: lexical item rendered 'μέσῳ' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐκκλησίαςassemblyN1A GSF · ἐκκλησίαgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἐκκλησία: lexical item rendered 'assembly' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀνοίξειopenVF FAI3S · οἴγω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultοἴγω + ἀνα: lexical item rendered 'open' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
στόμαmouthN3M ASN · στόμαaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalστόμα: lexical item rendered 'mouth' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
6
εὐφροσύνην καὶ στέφανον ἀγαλλιάματος εὑρήσει καὶ ὄνομα αἰῶνος κατακληρονομήσει
He will find gladness and a crown of rejoicing, and he will inherit an everlasting name.
Joy, honor, and enduring reputation complete the portrait of Wisdom’s reward.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
εὐφροσύνηνgladnessN1 ASF · εὐφροσύνηaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalεὐφροσύνη: lexical item rendered 'gladness' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
στέφανονcrownN2 ASM · στέφανοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalστέφανος: lexical item rendered 'crown' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀγαλλιάματοςof rejoicingN3M GSN · ἀγαλλίαμαgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἀγαλλίαμα: lexical item rendered 'of rejoicing' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
εὑρήσειfindVF FAI3S · εὑρίσκωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεὑρίσκω: lexical item rendered 'find' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalὄνομα: lexical item rendered 'name' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αἰῶνοςeverlastingN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationαἰών: lexical item rendered 'everlasting' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
κατακληρονομήσειinheritVF FAI3S · κληρονομέω + καταverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultκληρονομέω + κατα: lexical item rendered 'inherit' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
7
οὐ μὴ καταλήμψονται αὐτὴν ἄνθρωποι ἀσύνετοι καὶ ἄνδρες ἁμαρτωλοὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδωσιν αὐτήν
Senseless people will never lay hold of her, and sinful men will never see her.
A sharp exclusion marks Wisdom as inaccessible to those whose character is fundamentally disordered.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μὴnotD · μήparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionμή: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καταλήμψονταιlay hold ofVF FMI3P · λαμβάνω + καταverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultλαμβάνω + κατα: lexical item rendered 'lay hold of' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτὴνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'her' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἄνθρωποιpeopleN2 NPM · ἄνθρωποςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἄνθρωπος: lexical item rendered 'people' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀσύνετοιsenselessA1B NPM · ἀσύνετοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἀσύνετος: lexical item rendered 'senseless' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἄνδρεςmenN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἀνήρ: lexical item rendered 'men' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἁμαρτωλοὶsinfulA1B NPM · ἁμαρτωλόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἁμαρτωλός: lexical item rendered 'sinful' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μὴnotD · μήparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionμή: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἴδωσινseeVB AAS3P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeὁράω: lexical item rendered 'see' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'her' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
8
μακράν ἐστιν ὑπερηφανίας καὶ ἄνδρες ψεῦσται οὐ μὴ μνησθήσονται αὐτῆς
She is far from pride, and liars will never remember her.
Pride and falsehood are named as dispositions incompatible with Wisdom’s sphere.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
μακράνfarD · μακράνparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ local semantic contributionμακράν: lexical item rendered 'far' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionεἰμί: lexical item rendered 'be' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὑπερηφανίαςprideN1A GSF · ὑπερηφανίαgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationὑπερηφανία: lexical item rendered 'pride' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἄνδρεςmenN3 NPM · ἀνήρnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἀνήρ: lexical item rendered 'men' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ψεῦσταιliarsN1M NPM · ψεύστηςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceψεύστης: lexical item rendered 'liars' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μὴnotD · μήparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionμή: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μνησθήσονταιrememberVS FPI3P · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultμιμνήσκω: lexical item rendered 'remember' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'her' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
9
οὐχ ὡραῖος αἶνος ἐν στόματι ἁμαρτωλοῦ ὅτι οὐ παρὰ κυρίου ἀπεστάλη
Praise is not fitting in the mouth of a sinner, for it has not been sent from the Lord.
The verse judges praise by its moral source, refusing to treat worship language as neutral or detachable from the speaker’s life.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
οὐχnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὡραῖοςfittingA1A NSM · ὡραῖοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceὡραῖος: lexical item rendered 'fitting' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αἶνοςpraiseN2 NSM · αἶνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceαἶνος: lexical item rendered 'praise' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
στόματιmouthN3M DSN · στόμαdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceστόμα: lexical item rendered 'mouth' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἁμαρτωλοῦof a sinnerA1B GSM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἁμαρτωλός: lexical item rendered 'of a sinner' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὅτι: lexical item rendered 'that' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
παρὰbesideP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingπαρά: lexical item rendered 'beside' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationκύριος: lexical item rendered 'of the Lord' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀπεστάληsendVDI API3S · στέλλω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionστέλλω + ἀπο: lexical item rendered 'send' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
10
ἐν γὰρ σοφίᾳ ῥηθήσεται αἶνος καὶ ὁ κύριος εὐοδώσει αὐτόν
For praise will be spoken in wisdom, and the Lord will prosper it.
The rationale for the previous judgment is positive: true praise is articulated within wisdom and receives divine establishment.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
γὰρforX · γάρindeclinable element shaping the clause or discourse flow→ local semantic contributionγάρ: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
σοφίᾳin wisdomN1A DSF · σοφίαdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceσοφία: lexical item rendered 'in wisdom' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ῥηθήσεταιsayVC FPI3S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεἶπον: lexical item rendered 'say' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αἶνοςpraiseN2 NSM · αἶνοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceαἶνος: lexical item rendered 'praise' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
εὐοδώσειprosperVF FAI3S · εὐοδόωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultεὐοδόω: lexical item rendered 'prosper' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
11
μὴ εἴπῃς ὅτι διὰ κύριον ἀπέστην ἃ γὰρ ἐμίσησεν οὐ ποιήσει
Do not say, “It was because of the Lord that I fell away,” for he will not do what he hates.
Sirach directly forbids theological self-excuse by denying that the Lord acts in contradiction to his own moral hatred.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴnotD · μήparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionμή: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
εἴπῃςsayVB AAS2S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeεἶπον: lexical item rendered 'say' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὅτι: lexical item rendered 'that' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
διὰbecause ofP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingδιά: lexical item rendered 'because of' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalκύριος: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀπέστηνfall awayVHI AAI1S · ἵστημι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeἵστημι + ἀπο: lexical item rendered 'fall away' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἃἃRR APN · ὅςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalὅς: lexical item rendered 'ἃ' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
γὰρforX · γάρindeclinable element shaping the clause or discourse flow→ local semantic contributionγάρ: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐμίσησενhateVAI AAI3S · μισέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeμισέω: lexical item rendered 'hate' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ποιήσειwill doVF FAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultποιέω: lexical item rendered 'do' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
12
μὴ εἴπῃς ὅτι αὐτός με ἐπλάνησεν οὐ γὰρ χρείαν ἔχει ἀνδρὸς ἁμαρτωλοῦ
Do not say, “He himself led me astray,” for he has no need of a sinful man.
The second prohibition presses the same point more personally: divine sovereignty does not require human wickedness as its instrument.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴnotD · μήparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionμή: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
εἴπῃςsayVB AAS2S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeεἶπον: lexical item rendered 'say' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὅτι: lexical item rendered 'that' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτόςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ participant or predicate prominenceαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'he' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἐγώ: lexical item rendered 'me' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐπλάνησενlead astrayVAI AAI3S · πλανάωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeπλανάω: lexical item rendered 'lead astray' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
γὰρforX · γάρindeclinable element shaping the clause or discourse flow→ local semantic contributionγάρ: lexical item rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
χρείανneedN1A ASF · χρείαaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalχρεία: lexical item rendered 'need' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἔχειἔχειV1 PAI3S · ἔχωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionἔχω: lexical item rendered 'ἔχει' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀνδρὸςof a manN3 GSM · ἀνήρgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἀνήρ: lexical item rendered 'of a man' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἁμαρτωλοῦof a sinnerA1B GSM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἁμαρτωλός: lexical item rendered 'of a sinner' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
13
πᾶν βδέλυγμα ἐμίσησεν ὁ κύριος καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἀγαπητὸν τοῖς φοβουμένοις αὐτόν
The Lord has hated every abomination, and it is not loved by those who fear him.
The fearers of the Lord share God’s moral revulsion, so abomination cannot be traced back to divine desire.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
πᾶνeveryA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'every' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
βδέλυγμαabominationN3M ASN · βδέλυγμαaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalβδέλυγμα: lexical item rendered 'abomination' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐμίσησενhateVAI AAI3S · μισέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeμισέω: lexical item rendered 'hate' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceκύριος: lexical item rendered 'Lord' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐκnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἔστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionεἰμί: lexical item rendered 'be' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀγαπητὸνbelovedA1 NSN · ἀγαπητόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἀγαπητός: lexical item rendered 'beloved' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ sphere or instrument referenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
φοβουμένοιςthose fearingV2 · πμπδπμ φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionφοβέω: lexical item rendered 'those fearing' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
14
αὐτὸς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐποίησεν ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἀφῆκεν αὐτὸν ἐν χειρὶ διαβουλίου αὐτοῦ
He himself made humankind from the beginning and left him in the hand of his own counsel.
Creation is described with deliberative agency intact, establishing the anthropological basis for moral responsibility.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ participant or predicate prominenceαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'he' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐξfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐκ: lexical item rendered 'from' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀρχῆςἀρχῆςN1 GSF · ἀρχήgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἀρχή: lexical item rendered 'ἀρχῆς' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐποίησενdoVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeποιέω: lexical item rendered 'do' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἄνθρωπονhumankindN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἄνθρωπος: lexical item rendered 'humankind' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀφῆκενἀφῆκενVAI AAI3S · ἵημι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeἵημι + ἀπο: lexical item rendered 'ἀφῆκεν' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
χειρὶhandN3 DSF · χείρdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceχείρ: lexical item rendered 'hand' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
διαβουλίουcounselN2N GSN · διαβούλιονgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationδιαβούλιον: lexical item rendered 'counsel' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
15
ἐὰν θέλῃς συντηρήσεις ἐντολὰς καὶ πίστιν ποιῆσαι εὐδοκίας
If you will, you can keep the commandments, and faithful obedience lies within your choosing.
The conditional form underscores that obedience is neither coerced nor impossible but genuinely placed before the hearer.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: particle rendered 'if' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
θέλῃςθέλῃςV1 PAS2S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionθέλω: lexical item rendered 'θέλῃς' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
συντηρήσειςkeepVF FAI2S · τηρέω + συνverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultτηρέω + συν: lexical item rendered 'keep' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐντολὰςcommandmentsN1A APF · ἐντολήaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἐντολή: lexical item rendered 'commandments' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
πίστινfaithfulnessN3I ASF · πίστιςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπίστις: lexical item rendered 'faithfulness' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ποιῆσαιdoVA AAN · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeποιέω: lexical item rendered 'do' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
εὐδοκίαςgood pleasureN1A GSF · εὐδοκίαgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationεὐδοκία: lexical item rendered 'good pleasure' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
16
παρέθηκέν σοι πῦρ καὶ ὕδωρ οὗ ἐὰν θέλῃς ἐκτενεῖς τὴν χεῖρά σου
He has set before you fire and water; whichever you choose, stretch out your hand.
The stark alternatives dramatize moral agency through concrete, elemental imagery.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
παρέθηκένset beforeVAI AAI3S · τίθημι + παραverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeτίθημι + παρα: lexical item rendered 'set before' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
σοιyouRP DS · σύdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceσύ: lexical item rendered 'you' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
πῦρfireN3 ASN · πῦρaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπῦρ: lexical item rendered 'fire' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὕδωρwaterN3 ASN · ὕδωρaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalὕδωρ: lexical item rendered 'water' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὗwhichD · οὗparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ local semantic contributionοὗ: lexical item rendered 'which' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: particle rendered 'if' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
θέλῃςθέλῃςV1 PAS2S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionθέλω: lexical item rendered 'θέλῃς' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐκτενεῖςstretch outVF2 FAI2S · τείνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultτείνω + ἐκ: lexical item rendered 'stretch out' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
χεῖράhandN3 ASF · χείρaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalχείρ: lexical item rendered 'hand' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
σουyourRP GS · σύgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationσύ: lexical item rendered 'your' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
17
ἔναντι ἀνθρώπων ἡ ζωὴ καὶ ὁ θάνατος καὶ ὃ ἐὰν εὐδοκήσῃ δοθήσεται αὐτῷ
Before human beings are life and death, and whichever one chooses will be given to him.
The elemental picture is restated as the ultimate polarity of destiny, with outcome corresponding to chosen desire.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἔναντιbeforeD · ἔναντιparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ local semantic contributionἔναντι: lexical item rendered 'before' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀνθρώπωνof human beingsN2 GPM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἄνθρωπος: lexical item rendered 'of human beings' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἡἡRA NSF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
ζωὴlifeN1 NSF · ζωήnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceζωή: lexical item rendered 'life' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
θάνατοςdeathN2 NSM · θάνατοςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceθάνατος: lexical item rendered 'death' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ὃwhichRR ASN · ὅςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalὅς: lexical item rendered 'which' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageἐάν: particle rendered 'if' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
εὐδοκήσῃchooseVA AAS3S · εὐδοκέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeεὐδοκέω: lexical item rendered 'choose' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
δοθήσεταιgiveVC FPI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultδίδωμι: lexical item rendered 'give' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτῷhimRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ sphere or instrument referenceαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
18
ὅτι πολλὴ ἡ σοφία τοῦ κυρίου ἰσχυρὸς ἐν δυναστείᾳ καὶ βλέπων τὰ πάντα
For great is the wisdom of the Lord; he is mighty in dominion and sees all things.
Human choice is not autonomous independence but unfolds before the Lord’s immeasurable wisdom and sovereign power.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageὅτι: lexical item rendered 'that' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
πολλὴgreatA1 NSF · πολύςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceπολύς: lexical item rendered 'great' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἡἡRA NSF · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
σοφίαwisdomN1A NSF · σοφίαnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceσοφία: lexical item rendered 'wisdom' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ qualification or source relationὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationκύριος: lexical item rendered 'of the Lord' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἰσχυρὸςἰσχυρὸςA1A NSM · ἰσχυρόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceἰσχυρός: lexical item rendered 'ἰσχυρὸς' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐν: lexical item rendered 'in' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
δυναστείᾳdominionN1A DSF · δυναστείαdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceδυναστεία: lexical item rendered 'dominion' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
βλέπωνseeV1 · παπνσμ βλέπωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionβλέπω: lexical item rendered 'see' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
πάνταall thingsA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'all things' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
19
καὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τοὺς φοβουμένους αὐτόν καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπιγνώσεται πᾶν ἔργον ἀνθρώπου
And his eyes are upon those who fear him, and he himself knows every work of a human being.
Divine omniscience narrows from all things to the particular moral life of human agents.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ participant or predicate prominenceὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
ὀφθαλμοὶeyesN2 NPM · ὀφθαλμόςnominative term functioning as subject, predicate, or highlighted descriptor→ participant or predicate prominenceὀφθαλμός: lexical item rendered 'eyes' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ qualification or source relationαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'his' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ prepositional framingἐπί: lexical item rendered 'upon' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking and delimiting the noun phrase→ object focus or directional goalὁ: Greek definite article marking a noun phrase as definite and signaling case, gender, and number.
φοβουμένουςthose fearingV2 · πμπαπμ φοβέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionφοβέω: lexical item rendered 'those fearing' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ object focus or directional goalαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'him' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal or relative form functioning within the clause→ participant or predicate prominenceαὐτός: lexical item rendered 'he' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐπιγνώσεταιknowVF FMI3S · γιγνώσκω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ future projection or promised resultγιγνώσκω + ἐπι: lexical item rendered 'know' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
πᾶνeveryA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalπᾶς: lexical item rendered 'every' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἔργονworkN2N ASN · ἔργονaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἔργον: lexical item rendered 'work' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀνθρώπουof a human beingN2 GSM · ἄνθρωποςgenitive modifier qualifying relation, source, or possession→ qualification or source relationἄνθρωπος: lexical item rendered 'of a human being' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
20
οὐκ ἐνετείλατο οὐδενὶ ἀσεβεῖν καὶ οὐκ ἔδωκεν ἄνεσιν οὐδενὶ ἁμαρτάνειν
He has commanded no one to be ungodly, and he has given no one permission to sin.
Closes by restating its thesis in uncompromising form: sin has no divine authorization.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
οὐκnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἐνετείλατοspeakVAI AMI3S · τέλλομαι + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionτέλλομαι + ἐν: lexical item rendered 'speak' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐδενὶno oneA3 DSM · οὐδείςdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceοὐδείς: lexical item rendered 'no one' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἀσεβεῖνbe ungodlyV2 PAN · ἀσεβέωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionἀσεβέω: lexical item rendered 'be ungodly' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
καὶandC · καίconnective linking clauses, phrases, or logical movement→ discourse linkageκαί: common coordinating conjunction, here linking the chapter's cumulative argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐκnotD · οὐparticle shaping the clause or prohibition→ negation or prohibitionοὐ: particle rendered 'not' and shaping the local logical movement in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a wholeδίδωμι: lexical item rendered 'give' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἄνεσινἄνεσινN3I ASF · ἄνεσιςaccusative term functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object focus or directional goalἄνεσις: lexical item rendered 'ἄνεσιν' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
οὐδενὶno oneA3 DSM · οὐδείςdative term marking sphere, instrument, or reference→ sphere or instrument referenceοὐδείς: lexical item rendered 'no one' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.
ἁμαρτάνεινsinV1 PAN · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action, assertion, or command of the clause→ event or state assertionἁμαρτάνω: lexical item rendered 'sin' in this chapter's argument about Wisdom's welcome, moral agency, and the denial that God causes sin.