1
γαυρίαμα ὕψους στερέωμα καθαριότητος εἶδος οὐρανοῦ ἐν ὁράματι δόξης
The pride of the height is the firmament of purity, the appearance of heaven in a vision of glory.
The unit opens by treating the pure vault of heaven as a visible display of glory.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
γαυρίαμαproud cryN3M NSN · γαυρίαμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγαυρίαμα: meaning 'proud cry'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὕψουςof honorN3E GSN · ὕψοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕψος: meaning 'of honor'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
στερέωμαstrengthN3M NSN · στερέωμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceστερέωμα: meaning 'strength'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καθαριότητοςpurityN3T GSF · καθαριότηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαθαριότης: meaning 'purity'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
εἶδοςappearanceN3E ASN · εἶδοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationεἶδος: meaning 'appearance'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὁράματιvisionN3M DSN · ὅραμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὅραμα: meaning 'vision'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
2
ἥλιος ἐν ὀπτασίᾳ διαγγέλλων ἐν ἐξόδῳ σκεῦος θαυμαστόν ἔργον ὑψίστου
The sun at its appearing proclaims as it rises a marvelous vessel, the work of the Most High.
The sun is personified as a herald announcing divine craftsmanship.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἥλιοςsunN2 NSM · ἥλιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἥλιος: meaning 'sun'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὀπτασίᾳvisionN1A DSF · ὀπτασίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὀπτασία: meaning 'vision'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
διαγγέλλωνdeclaringV1 · παπνσμ ἀγγέλλω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ ἀγγέλλω + δια: meaning 'declaring'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἐξόδῳgoing out / campaign seasonN2 DSF · ἔξοδοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔξοδος: meaning 'going out'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σκεῦοςvesselN3E NSN · σκεῦοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκεῦος: meaning 'vessel'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
θαυμαστόνmarvelousA1 NSN · θαυμαστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθαυμαστός: meaning 'marvelous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔργονmatterN2N NSN · ἔργονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔργον: meaning 'matter'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑψίστουMost HighA1 GSM · ὕψιστοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕψιστος: meaning 'Most High'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
3
ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ αὐτοῦ ἀναξηραίνει χώραν καὶ ἐναντίον καύματος αὐτοῦ τίς ὑποστήσεται
At its noonday it dries out the land, and before its heat who can stand?
Its fierce power becomes a rhetorical witness to human limitation.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μεσημβρίᾳmiddayN1A DSF · μεσημβρίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμεσημβρία: meaning 'midday'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀναξηραίνειdries outV1 PAI3S · ξηραίνω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processξηραίνω + ἀνα: meaning 'dries out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χώρανcountryN1A ASF · χώραaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχώρα: meaning 'country'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐναντίονbefore / in the sight ofP · ἐναντίονpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐναντίον: meaning 'before'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καύματοςheatN3M GSN · καῦμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαῦμα: meaning 'heat'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὑποστήσεταιὑποVF FMI3S · ἵστημι + ὑποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵστημι + ὑπο: meaning 'ὑπο'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
4
κάμινον φυσῶν ἐν ἔργοις καύματος τριπλασίως ἥλιος ἐκκαίων ὄρη ἀτμίδας πυρώδεις ἐκφυσῶν καὶ ἐκλάμπων ἀκτῖνας ἀμαυροῖ ὀφθαλμούς
Like one blowing a furnace in works of burning heat, the sun scorches the mountains three times over, breathing out fiery vapors, and when it flashes forth its rays it darkens the eyes.
Sirach intensifies the description of solar heat until it becomes almost forge-like and blinding.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
κάμινονfurnaceN2 ASF · κάμινοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκάμινος: meaning 'furnace'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
φυσῶνblowingV3 · παπνσμ φυσάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ φυσάω: meaning 'blowing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἔργοιςworksN2N DPN · ἔργονdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καύματοςheatN3M GSN · καῦμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαῦμα: meaning 'heat'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τριπλασίωςthree times overD · τριπλασίωςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastτριπλασίως: meaning 'three times over'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἥλιοςsunN2 NSM · ἥλιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἥλιος: meaning 'sun'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐκκαίωνscorchingV1 · παπνσμ καίω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ καίω + ἐκ: meaning 'scorching'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄρηmountainN3E APN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀτμίδαςvaporsN3D APF · ἀτμίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀτμίς: meaning 'vapors'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
πυρώδειςfieryA3 APF · πυρώδηςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπυρώδης: meaning 'fiery'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐκφυσῶνbreathing outV3 · παπνσμ φυσάω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ φυσάω + ἐκ: meaning 'breathing out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκλάμπωνflashing forthV1 · παπνσμ λάμπω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ λάμπω + ἐκ: meaning 'flashing forth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀκτῖναςraysN3 APF · ἀκτίςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀκτίς: meaning 'rays'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἀμαυροῖdarkensV4 PAI3S · ἀμαυρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἀμαυρόω: meaning 'darkens'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὀφθαλμούςeyesN2 APM · ὀφθαλμόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eyes'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
5
μέγας κύριος ὁ ποιήσας αὐτόν καὶ ἐν λόγοις αὐτοῦ κατέσπευσεν πορείαν
Great is the Lord who made it, and by his words he hastened its course.
The heavenly body's ordered movement is traced back to the commanding word of its Maker.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μέγαςgreatA1P NSM · μέγαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιήσαςhaving doneVA · ααπνσμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπνσμ ποιέω: meaning 'having done'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτόν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λόγοιςwordN2 DPM · λόγοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατέσπευσενhasten in terrorVAI AAI3S · σπεύδω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσπεύδω + κατα: meaning 'hasten in terror'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πορείανmarchN1A ASF · πορείαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπορεία: meaning 'march'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
6
καὶ ἡ σελήνη ἐν πᾶσιν εἰς καιρὸν αὐτῆς ἀνάδειξιν χρόνων καὶ σημεῖον αἰῶνος
And the moon also, in all things for its season, is for the declaration of times and a sign of the age.
The moon is introduced as a second great witness, ordered for seasons and times.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
σελήνηmoonN1 NSF · σελήνηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσελήνη: meaning 'moon'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πᾶσινallA3 DPN · πᾶςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: meaning 'into'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καιρὸνappointed time / seasonN2 ASM · καιρόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκαιρός: meaning 'appointed time'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἀνάδειξινdeclarationN3I ASF · ἀνάδειξιςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀνάδειξις: meaning 'declaration'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
χρόνωνtimeN2 GPM · χρόνοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχρόνος: meaning 'time'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σημεῖονsignN2 ASN · σημεῖονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσημεῖον: meaning 'sign'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αἰῶνοςage / foreverN3W GSM · αἰώνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationαἰών: meaning 'age'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
7
ἀπὸ σελήνης σημεῖον ἑορτῆς φωστὴρ μειούμενος ἐπὶ συντελείας
From the moon comes the sign of feast-day, a luminary waning toward completion.
Its waxing and waning regulate festal rhythm and visible completion.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σελήνηςmoonN1 GSF · σελήνηgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσελήνη: meaning 'moon'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
σημεῖονsignN2 ASN · σημεῖονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσημεῖον: meaning 'sign'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἑορτῆςa feastN1 GSF · ἑορτήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἑορτή: meaning 'a feast'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
φωστὴρluminaryN3H NSM · φωστήρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφωστήρ: meaning 'luminary'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
μειούμενοςwaningV4 · πμπνσμ μειόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ μειόω: meaning 'waning'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
συντελείαςsynteleiaN1A GSF · συντέλειαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσυντέλεια: meaning 'synteleia'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
8
μὴν κατὰ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτῆς ἐστιν αὐξανόμενος θαυμαστῶς ἐν ἀλλοιώσει σκεῦος παρεμβολῶν ἐν ὕψει ἐν στερεώματι οὐρανοῦ ἐκλάμπων
The month is named according to it, increasing wondrously in its changes, a vessel of encampments on high, shining in the firmament of heaven.
The month itself is linked to the moon's changes, which also serve the ordering of heavenly hosts.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
μὴνmonthN3 NSM · μήνnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴν: meaning 'month'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: meaning 'name'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐξανόμενοςincreasingV1 · πμπνσμ αὐξάνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπμπνσμ αὐξάνω: meaning 'increasing'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θαυμαστῶςwondrouslyD · θαυμαστῶςadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastθαυμαστῶς: meaning 'wondrously'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἀλλοιώσειchangesN3I DSF · ἀλλοίωσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀλλοίωσις: meaning 'changes'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
σκεῦοςvesselN3E NSN · σκεῦοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκεῦος: meaning 'vessel'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παρεμβολῶνcampsN1 GPF · παρεμβολήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπαρεμβολή: meaning 'camps'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὕψειheightN3E DSN · ὕψοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὕψος: meaning 'height'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
στερεώματιfirmamentN3M DSN · στερέωμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceστερέωμα: meaning 'firmament'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐκλάμπωνflashing forthV1 · παπνσμ λάμπω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ λάμπω + ἐκ: meaning 'flashing forth'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
9
κάλλος οὐρανοῦ δόξα ἄστρων κόσμος φωτίζων ἐν ὑψίστοις κυρίου
The beauty of heaven is the glory of the stars, an ornament giving light in the heights of the Lord.
The stars complete the celestial ornament and illuminate the Lord's heights.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
κάλλοςbeautyN3E ASN · κάλλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκάλλος: meaning 'beauty'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
οὐρανοῦheavenN2 GSM · οὐρανόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
δόξαgloryN1S NSF · δόξαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄστρωνstarN2N GPN · ἄστρονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἄστρον: meaning 'star'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κόσμοςworldN2 NSM · κόσμοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκόσμος: meaning 'world'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
φωτίζωνgiving lightV1 · παπνσμ φωτίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσμ φωτίζω: meaning 'giving light'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὑψίστοιςthe heightsA1 DPN · ὕψιστοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὕψιστος: meaning 'the heights'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
κυρίουof the LORDN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκύριος: meaning 'of the LORD'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
10
ἐν λόγοις ἁγίου στήσονται κατὰ κρίμα καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐκλυθῶσιν ἐν φυλακαῖς αὐτῶν
At the word of the Holy One they will stand according to judgment, and they will not slacken in their watches.
Even the stars keep their appointed watches by obedient response to the holy word.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λόγοιςwordN2 DPM · λόγοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἁγίουholyA1A GSM · ἅγιοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἅγιος: meaning 'holy'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
στήσονταιwill standVF FMI3P · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵστημι: meaning 'will stand'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κρίμαjudgmentN3M ASN · κρίμαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκλυθῶσινslackenVC APS3P · λύω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyλύω + ἐκ: meaning 'slacken'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
φυλακαῖςwatchesN1 DPF · φυλακήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceφυλακή: meaning 'watches'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτῶνtheirRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: meaning 'their'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
11
ἰδὲ τόξον καὶ εὐλόγησον τὸν ποιήσαντα αὐτὸ σφόδρα ὡραῖον ἐν τῷ αὐγάσματι αὐτοῦ
Look at the rainbow and bless the one who made it; it is exceedingly beautiful in its brightness.
The rainbow is singled out as an immediate reason for blessing the Creator.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἰδὲseeVB AAD2S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁράω: meaning 'see'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τόξονbowN2N ASN · τόξονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationτόξον: meaning 'bow'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
εὐλόγησονblessVA AAD2S · εὐλογέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateεὐλογέω: meaning 'bless'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ποιήσανταwho madeVA · ααπασμ ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateααπασμ ποιέω: meaning 'who made'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σφόδραgreatly / exceedinglyD · σφόδραadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: meaning 'greatly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡραῖονωραιοςA1A ASN · ὡραῖοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὡραῖος: meaning 'ωραιος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
αὐγάσματιbrightnessN3M DSN · αὔγασμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceαὔγασμα: meaning 'brightness'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦsame / her / himRD GSN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'same'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
12
ἐγύρωσεν οὐρανὸν ἐν κυκλώσει δόξης χεῖρες ὑψίστου ἐτάνυσαν αὐτό
It encircled the heaven in a circle of glory; the hands of the Most High stretched it out.
Its encircling beauty is attributed directly to the shaping hands of the Most High.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἐγύρωσενhe circledVAI AAI3S · γυρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristγυρόω: meaning 'he circled'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὐρανὸνheavenN2 ASM · οὐρανόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationοὐρανός: meaning 'heaven'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
κυκλώσειcircleN3I DSF · κύκλωσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκύκλωσις: meaning 'circle'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
δόξηςgloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationδόξα: meaning 'glory'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
χεῖρεςhandsN3 NPF · χείρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχείρ: meaning 'hands'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὑψίστουMost HighA1 GSM · ὕψιστοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕψιστος: meaning 'Most High'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐτάνυσανstretched outVAI AAI3S · τανύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristτανύω: meaning 'stretched out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόitRD ASN · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτό: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
13
προστάγματι αὐτοῦ κατέσπευσεν χιόνα καὶ ταχύνει ἀστραπὰς κρίματος αὐτοῦ
By his command he hastens the snow, and he speeds the lightnings of his judgment.
The hymn now turns from ordered lights to weather governed by command.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
προστάγματιordinanceN3M DSN · πρόσταγμαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceπρόσταγμα: meaning 'ordinance'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κατέσπευσενhasten in terrorVAI AAI3S · σπεύδω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristσπεύδω + κατα: meaning 'hasten in terror'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χιόναsnowN3N ASF · χιώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχιών: meaning 'snow'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ταχύνειspeedsV1 PAI3S · ταχύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processταχύνω: meaning 'speeds'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀστραπὰςἀστραπήN1 APF · ἀστραπήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἀστραπή: meaning 'ἀστραπή'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
κρίματοςjudgmentN3M GSN · κρίμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκρίμα: meaning 'judgment'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
14
διὰ τοῦτο ἠνεῴχθησαν θησαυροί καὶ ἐξέπτησαν νεφέλαι ὡς πετεινά
Because of this the storehouses were opened, and the clouds flew out like birds.
Snow and clouds are released from divine storehouses like living agents under orders.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦτοthisRD ASN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτοῦτο: meaning 'this'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἠνεῴχθησανbe openedVQI API3P · οἴγω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristοἴγω + ἀνα: meaning 'be opened'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
θησαυροίstorehousesN2 NPM · θησαυρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθησαυρός: meaning 'storehouses'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐξέπτησανflew outVDI API3P · πέτομαι + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristπέτομαι + ἐκ: meaning 'flew out'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νεφέλαιcloudsN1 NPF · νεφέληnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνεφέλη: meaning 'clouds'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πετεινάbirdsA1 NPN · πετεινόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπετεινός: meaning 'birds'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
15
ἐν μεγαλείῳ αὐτοῦ ἴσχυσεν νεφέλας καὶ διεθρύβησαν λίθοι χαλάζης
In his majesty he made the clouds strong, and the hailstones were shattered.
Cloud and hail are shown acquiring force only through divine grandeur.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
μεγαλείῳmajestyA1A DSN · μεγαλεῖοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceμεγαλεῖος: meaning 'majesty'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἴσχυσενprevailedVAI AAI3S · ἰσχύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristἰσχύω: meaning 'prevailed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νεφέλαςνεφέληN1 APF · νεφέληaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνεφέλη: meaning 'νεφέλη'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
διεθρύβησανwere shatteredVCI API3P · θρύπτω + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristθρύπτω + δια: meaning 'were shattered'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
λίθοιstoneN2 NPM · λίθοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλίθος: meaning 'stone'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
χαλάζηςhailN1S GSF · χάλαζαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationχάλαζα: meaning 'hail'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
16
καὶ ἐν ὀπτασίᾳ αὐτοῦ σαλευθήσεται ὄρη ἐν θελήματι αὐτοῦ πνεύσεται νότος
At his appearance mountains will be shaken, and at his will the south wind will blow.
Mountains and winds respond to the mere appearance and will of the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὀπτασίᾳvisionN1A DSF · ὀπτασίαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceὀπτασία: meaning 'vision'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σαλευθήσεταιto move / shakeVC FPI3S · σαλεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσαλεύω: meaning 'to move'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄρηmountainN3E APN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
θελήματιwillN3M DPN · θέλημαdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceθέλημα: meaning 'will'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πνεύσεταιwill blowVF FMI3S · πνεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπνεύω: meaning 'will blow'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
νότοςsouth windN2 NSM · νότοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceνότος: meaning 'south wind'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
17
φωνὴ βροντῆς αὐτοῦ ὠνείδισεν γῆν καὶ καταιγὶς βορέου καὶ συστροφὴ πνεύματος
The voice of his thunder reproved the earth, and so do the storm of the north and the whirling of the wind.
Thunder, north storm, and whirling wind function as terrestrial reproofs under God's voice.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
φωνὴsoundN1 NSF · φωνήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφωνή: meaning 'sound'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βροντῆςthunderN1 GSF · βροντήgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβροντή: meaning 'thunder'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὠνείδισενreproachedVAI AAI3S · ὀνειδίζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristὀνειδίζω: meaning 'reproached'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γῆνlandN1 ASF · γῆaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καταιγὶςstormN3D NSF · καταιγίςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαταιγίς: meaning 'storm'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βορέουnorthN1T GSM · βορέαςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationβορέας: meaning 'north'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συστροφὴwhirlwindN1 NSF · συστροφήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσυστροφή: meaning 'whirlwind'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πνεύματοςspiritN3M GSN · πνεῦμαgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπνεῦμα: meaning 'spirit'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
18
ὡς πετεινὰ καθιπτάμενα πάσσει χιόνα καὶ ὡς ἀκρὶς καταλύουσα ἡ κατάβασις αὐτῆς κάλλος λευκότητος αὐτῆς ἐκθαυμάσει ὀφθαλμός καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ ὑετοῦ αὐτῆς ἐκστήσεται καρδία
Like birds flying down he sprinkles snow, and its descent is like a locust settling; the eye marvels at the beauty of its whiteness, and the heart is astonished at its rain.
Snow's descent evokes both fear and delight, holding together beauty and strangeness.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πετεινὰbirdsA1 APN · πετεινόςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπετεινός: meaning 'birds'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καθιπτάμεναflying downVX · χμπαπν ἵπταμαι + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateχμπαπν ἵπταμαι + κατα: meaning 'flying down'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
πάσσειsprinklesV1 PAI3S · πάσσωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processπάσσω: meaning 'sprinkles'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χιόναsnowN3N ASF · χιώνaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχιών: meaning 'snow'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκρὶςlocustN3D NSF · ἄκριςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄκρις: meaning 'locust'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καταλύουσαλύωV1 · παπνσφ λύω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ λύω + κατα: meaning 'λύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κατάβασιςdescentN3I NSF · κατάβασιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκατάβασις: meaning 'descent'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
κάλλοςbeautyN3E ASN · κάλλοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκάλλος: meaning 'beauty'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
λευκότητοςwhitenessN3T GSF · λευκότηςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλευκότης: meaning 'whiteness'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκθαυμάσειwill marvelVF FAI3S · θαυμάζω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureθαυμάζω + ἐκ: meaning 'will marvel'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὀφθαλμόςeyeN2 NSM · ὀφθαλμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀφθαλμός: meaning 'eye'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
τοῦtheRA GSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὑετοῦrainN2 GSM · ὑετόςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὑετός: meaning 'rain'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκστήσεταιἵστημιVF FMI3S · ἵστημι + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἵστημι + ἐκ: meaning 'ἵστημι'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καρδίαheartN1A NSF · καρδίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκαρδία: meaning 'heart'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
19
καὶ πάχνην ὡς ἅλα ἐπὶ γῆς χέει καὶ παγεῖσα γίνεται σκολόπων ἄκρα
He pours frost upon the earth like salt, and when it freezes it becomes pointed spikes.
Frost becomes a sharp crystalline work spread across the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πάχνηνfrostN1 ASF · πάχνηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπάχνη: meaning 'frost'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἅλαsaltN3 ASM · ἅλςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἅλς: meaning 'salt'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
γῆςlandN1 GSF · γῆgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationγῆ: meaning 'land'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
χέειpoursV2 PAI3S · χέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processχέω: meaning 'pours'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παγεῖσαwhen it freezesVD · αππνσφ πήγνυμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateαππνσφ πήγνυμι: meaning 'when it freezes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γίνεταιbecomesV1 PMI3S · γίγνομαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processγίγνομαι: meaning 'becomes'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σκολόπωνspikesN3P GSM · σκόλοψgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationσκόλοψ: meaning 'spikes'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἄκραtips / endsA1A NPN · ἄκροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄκρος: meaning 'tips'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
20
ψυχρὸς ἄνεμος βορέης πνεύσει καὶ παγήσεται κρύσταλλος ἐφ' ὕδατος ἐπὶ πᾶσαν συναγωγὴν ὕδατος καταλύσει καὶ ὡς θώρακα ἐνδύσεται τὸ ὕδωρ
A cold north wind will blow, and ice will freeze upon the water; it will settle upon every gathering of waters, and the water will put it on like a breastplate.
Ice is pictured as armor clothing gathered waters under the north wind.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
ψυχρὸςcoldA1A NSM · ψυχρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχρός: meaning 'cold'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἄνεμοςwindN2 NSM · ἄνεμοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄνεμος: meaning 'wind'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
βορέηςnorthN1T NSM · βορέαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceβορέας: meaning 'north'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πνεύσειπνεύωVF FAI3S · πνεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπνεύω: meaning 'πνεύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
παγήσεταιshall be fixedVD FPI3S · πήγνυμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureπήγνυμι: meaning 'shall be fixed'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κρύσταλλοςiceN2 NSM · κρυστάλλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκρυστάλλος: meaning 'ice'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐφ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐφ': meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὕδατοςwaterN3T GSN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: meaning 'upon'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πᾶσανallA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
συναγωγὴνgatheringN1 ASF · συναγωγήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσυναγωγή: meaning 'gathering'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὕδατοςwaterN3T GSN · ὕδωρgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
καταλύσειwill settleN3I DSF · κατάλυσιςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceκατάλυσις: meaning 'will settle'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θώρακαa breastplateN3K ASM · θώραξaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθώραξ: meaning 'a breastplate'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐνδύσεταιwill clothe himselfVF FMI3S · δύω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureδύω + ἐν: meaning 'will clothe himself'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ὕδωρwaterN3 NSN · ὕδωρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὕδωρ: meaning 'water'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
21
καταφάγεται ὄρη καὶ ἔρημον ἐκκαύσει καὶ ἀποσβέσει χλόην ὡς πῦρ
It will devour mountains and burn up the wilderness, and extinguish green growth like fire.
Cold and heat alike serve destructive power in the created order.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
καταφάγεταιdevourVF FMI3S · ἐσθίω + καταverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἐσθίω + κατα: meaning 'devour'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὄρηmountainN3E APN · ὄροςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὄρος: meaning 'mountain'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔρημονερημοςN2 ASF · ἐρῆμοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἐρῆμος: meaning 'ερημος'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐκκαύσειburn upVF FAI3S · καύω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureκαύω + ἐκ: meaning 'burn up'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀποσβέσειextinguishVF FAI3S · σβέννυμι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureσβέννυμι + ἀπο: meaning 'extinguish'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
χλόηνgreen growthN1 ASF · χλόηaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationχλόη: meaning 'green growth'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὡςasC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπῦρ: meaning 'fire'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
22
ἴασις πάντων κατὰ σπουδὴν ὁμίχλη δρόσος ἀπαντῶσα ἀπὸ καύσωνος ἱλαρώσει
The swift remedy for all is mist; dew meeting it will refresh from the heat.
Mist and dew appear as the swift healing counterpart to consuming heat.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ἴασιςhealingN3I NSF · ἴασιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἴασις: meaning 'healing'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
πάντωνall / everyA3 GPN · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κατὰaccording toP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: meaning 'according to'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
σπουδὴνhasteN1 ASF · σπουδήaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσπουδή: meaning 'haste'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὁμίχληmistN1 NSF · ὁμίχληnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὁμίχλη: meaning 'mist'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
δρόσοςdewN2 NSF · δρόσοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδρόσος: meaning 'dew'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπαντῶσαmeetingV3 · παπνσφ ἀντάω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνσφ ἀντάω + ἀπο: meaning 'meeting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
καύσωνοςheatN3W GSM · καύσωνgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκαύσων: meaning 'heat'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἱλαρώσειrefreshVF FAI3S · ἱλαρόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἱλαρόω: meaning 'refresh'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
23
λογισμῷ αὐτοῦ ἐκόπασεν ἄβυσσον καὶ ἐφύτευσεν ἐν αὐτῇ νήσους
By his plan he quieted the deep and planted islands in it.
Even the deep and the islands are arranged by thoughtful divine governance.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
λογισμῷreasonN2 DSM · λογισμόςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλογισμός: meaning 'reason'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἐκόπασενabatedVAI AAI3S · κοπάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristκοπάζω: meaning 'abated'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄβυσσονdeepN2 ASF · ἄβυσσοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἄβυσσος: meaning 'deep'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐφύτευσενφυτεύωVAI AAI3S · φυτεύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristφυτεύω: meaning 'φυτεύω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτῇitRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: meaning 'it'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
νήσουςislandsN2 APF · νήσοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationνήσος: meaning 'islands'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
24
οἱ πλέοντες τὴν θάλασσαν διηγοῦνται τὸν κίνδυνον αὐτῆς καὶ ἀκοαῖς ὠτίων ἡμῶν θαυμάζομεν
Those who sail the sea tell of its dangers, and when we hear with our ears we marvel.
Sailors' reports become human witnesses to the sea's divinely charged danger.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
οἱtheRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πλέοντεςπαπνπμ πλεωV2 · παπνπμ πλέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ πλέω: meaning 'παπνπμ πλεω'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
θάλασσανseaN1S ASF · θάλασσαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationθάλασσα: meaning 'sea'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
διηγοῦνταιdeclareV2 PMI3P · ἡγέομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processἡγέομαι + δια: meaning 'declare'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κίνδυνονdangersN2 ASM · κίνδυνοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκίνδυνος: meaning 'dangers'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτῆςitsRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: meaning 'its'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀκοαῖςwith hearingsN1 DPF · ἀκοήdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἀκοή: meaning 'with hearings'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ὠτίωνearsN2N GPN · ὠτίονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationὠτίον: meaning 'ears'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ἡμῶνourRP GP · ἐγώpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationἡμῶν: meaning 'our'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
θαυμάζομενwe marvelV1 PAI1P · θαυμάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processθαυμάζω: meaning 'we marvel'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
25
καὶ ἐκεῖ τὰ παράδοξα καὶ θαυμάσια ἔργα ποικιλία παντὸς ζῴου κτίσις κητῶν
There too are strange and marvelous works, every variety of living creature, the creation of sea monsters.
Marine life and sea monsters extend the hymn into the hidden diversity of creation.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκεῖthereD · ἐκεῖadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἐκεῖ: meaning 'there'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
παράδοξαstrangeA1B NPN · παράδοξοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπαράδοξος: meaning 'strange'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θαυμάσιαmarvelousA1A NPN · θαυμάσιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθαυμάσιος: meaning 'marvelous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἔργαworksN2N NPN · ἔργονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ποικιλίαvarietyN1A NSF · ποικιλίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceποικιλία: meaning 'variety'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παντὸςeveryA3 GSN · πᾶςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationπᾶς: meaning 'every'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
ζῴουzonN2 GSN · ζῷονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationζῷον: meaning 'zon'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
κτίσιςNominal or adjectival form from κτίσις with the sense “creation” here.N3I NSF · κτίσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκτίσις: meaning 'Nominal or adjectival form from κτίσις with the sense “creation” here.'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κητῶνsea monstersN3E GPN · κῆτοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationκῆτος: meaning 'sea monsters'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
26
δι' αὐτὸν εὐοδοῖ ἄγγελος αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν λόγῳ αὐτοῦ σύγκειται τὰ πάντα
Through him his messenger prospers, and by his word all things are held together.
Messenger and cosmos alike prosper only because they are held together by the divine word.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
δι'throughP · διάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingδι': meaning 'through'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
εὐοδοῖprospersV4 PAI3S · εὐοδόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεὐοδόω: meaning 'prospers'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἄγγελοςangelN2 NSM · ἄγγελοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἄγγελος: meaning 'angel'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
λόγῳwordN2 DSM · λόγοςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceλόγος: meaning 'word'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
σύγκειταιare held togetherV5 PMI3S · κεῖμαι + συνverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processκεῖμαι + συν: meaning 'are held together'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τὰtheRA NPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πάνταallA3 NPN · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
27
πολλὰ ἐροῦμεν καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀφικώμεθα καὶ συντέλεια λόγων τὸ πᾶν ἐστιν αὐτός
We may say much and still not reach the end, and the sum of words is: He is all.
Speech reaches its limit and collapses into the comprehensive claim that God is all.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
πολλὰmuchA1 APN · πολύςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπολύς: meaning 'much'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἐροῦμενsaidVF2 FAI1P · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureεἶπον: meaning 'said'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀφικώμεθαreachVB AMS1P · ἱκνέομαι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἱκνέομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'reach'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
συντέλειαconsummationN1A NSF · συντέλειαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσυντέλεια: meaning 'consummation'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
λόγωνthing / wordN2 GPM · λόγοςgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationλόγος: meaning 'thing'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
τὸtheRA NSN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
πᾶνallA3 NSN · πᾶςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτόςhisRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτός: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
28
δοξάζοντες ποῦ ἰσχύσομεν αὐτὸς γὰρ ὁ μέγας παρὰ πάντα τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ
As we glorify him, where shall we find strength? For he is greater than all his works.
The act of glorifying God reveals the inadequacy of human strength before divine magnitude.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
δοξάζοντεςhonoringV1 · παπνπμ δοξάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ δοξάζω: meaning 'honoring'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ποῦwhereD · ποῦadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastποῦ: meaning 'where'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἰσχύσομενwill find strengthVF FMI1P · ἰσχύωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἰσχύω: meaning 'will find strength'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸςheRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸς: meaning 'he'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
μέγαςgreatA1P NSM · μέγαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: meaning 'from'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργαworksN2N APN · ἔργονaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
29
φοβερὸς κύριος καὶ σφόδρα μέγας καὶ θαυμαστὴ ἡ δυναστεία αὐτοῦ
The Lord is fearsome and exceedingly great, and his dominion is wondrous.
Fear and greatness are joined as fitting responses to the Lord's dominion.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
φοβερὸςfearsomeA1A NSM · φοβερόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφοβερός: meaning 'fearsome'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
σφόδραgreatly / exceedinglyD · σφόδραadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: meaning 'greatly'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μέγαςgreatA1P NSM · μέγαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμέγας: meaning 'great'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
θαυμαστὴmarvelousA1 NSF · θαυμαστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθαυμαστός: meaning 'marvelous'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
δυναστείαδυναστείαN1A NSF · δυναστείαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδυναστεία: meaning 'δυναστεία'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
30
δοξάζοντες κύριον ὑψώσατε καθ' ὅσον ἂν δύνησθε ὑπερέξει γὰρ καὶ ἔτι καὶ ὑψοῦντες αὐτὸν πληθύνατε ἐν ἰσχύι μὴ κοπιᾶτε οὐ γὰρ μὴ ἀφίκησθε
As you glorify the Lord, exalt him as much as you can, for he will surpass even that. And as you exalt him, put forth strength in abundance; do not grow weary, for you will never reach the end.
The community is urged to intensify praise precisely because it can never exhaust its object.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
δοξάζοντεςhonoringV1 · παπνπμ δοξάζωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ δοξάζω: meaning 'honoring'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
κύριονLORDN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationκύριος: meaning 'LORD'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ὑψώσατεexaltVA AAD2P · ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὑψόω: meaning 'exalt'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καθ'in / duringP · κατάpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingκαθ': meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ὅσονso much asA1 ASN · ὅσοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὅσος: meaning 'so much as'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
ἂνeverX · ἄνadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἂν: meaning 'ever'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
δύνησθεyou canV6 PMS2P · δύναμαιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyδύναμαι: meaning 'you can'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὑπερέξειshall surpassVF FAI3S · ἔχω + ὑπερverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἔχω + ὑπερ: meaning 'shall surpass'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandD · καίadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἔτιstillD · ἔτιadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastἔτι: meaning 'still'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ὑψοῦντεςexaltingV4 · παπνπμ ὑψόωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπαπνπμ ὑψόω: meaning 'exalting'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
πληθύνατεmultiplyVA AAD2P · πληθύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateπληθύνω: meaning 'multiply'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing its complement phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: meaning 'in'; here it marks the relation signaled by preposition governing its complement phrase.
ἰσχύιstrengthN3U DSF · ἰσχύςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceἰσχύς: meaning 'strength'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
κοπιᾶτεgrow wearyV3 PAD2S · κοπιάωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateκοπιάω: meaning 'grow weary'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
μὴnotD · μήadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: meaning 'not'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἀφίκησθεreachVB AMS2P · ἱκνέομαι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ subjunctive contingencyἱκνέομαι + ἀπο: meaning 'reach'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
31
τίς ἑόρακεν αὐτὸν καὶ ἐκδιηγήσεται καὶ τίς μεγαλυνεῖ αὐτὸν καθώς ἐστιν
Who has seen him and will describe him? And who will magnify him as he is?
A final rhetorical question underscores the invisibility and incomparability of God.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ἑόρακενshe has seenVX XAI3S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁράω: meaning 'she has seen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐκδιηγήσεταιwill describe fullyVF FMI3S · ἡγέομαι + ἐκ + διαverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ futureἡγέομαι + ἐκ + δια: meaning 'will describe fully'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τίςwho / whatRI NSM · τίςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceτίς: meaning 'who'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
μεγαλυνεῖwill magnifyV1 PAI3S · μεγαλύνωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processμεγαλύνω: meaning 'will magnify'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: meaning 'him'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
καθώςasC · καθώςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαθώς: meaning 'as'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
32
πολλὰ ἀπόκρυφά ἐστιν μείζονα τούτων ὀλίγα γὰρ ἑωράκαμεν τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ
Many things greater than these lie hidden, for we have seen only a few of his works.
What has been described is admitted to be only a fragment of a still greater hidden reality.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
πολλὰmanyA1 NPN · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολύς: meaning 'many'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἀπόκρυφάhidden thingsA1B NPN · ἀπόκρυφοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀπόκρυφος: meaning 'hidden things'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
ἐστινbeV9 PAI3S · εἰμίverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ ongoing verbal processεἰμί: meaning 'be'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
μείζοναgreaterA3C NPN · μέγαςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceμέγας: meaning 'greater'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
τούτωνtheseRD GPN · οὗτοςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationτούτων: meaning 'these'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
ὀλίγαlittleA1 APN · ὀλίγοςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationὀλίγος: meaning 'little'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἑωράκαμενwe have seenVX XAI1P · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ verbal action or stateὁράω: meaning 'we have seen'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
τῶνtheRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
ἔργωνworks / laboursN2N GPN · ἔργονgenitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality→ relational specificationἔργον: meaning 'works'; it serves as genitive nominal element defining relation, possession, source, or quality.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: meaning 'his'; pronoun marking person, possession, or reference within the clause; here it functions as pronominal form marking person, reference, or participant role within the clause.
33
πάντα γὰρ ἐποίησεν ὁ κύριος καὶ τοῖς εὐσεβέσιν ἔδωκεν σοφίαν
For the Lord made all things, and to the godly he gave wisdom.
Ends by linking the Maker of all things with the gift of wisdom to the godly.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
πάνταallA3 APN · πᾶςaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationπᾶς: meaning 'all'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.
γὰρforX · γάρadverbial or particle element shaping the clause or phrase→ discourse linkage or contrastγὰρ: meaning 'for'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
ἐποίησενdidVAI AAI3S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristποιέω: meaning 'did'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
κύριοςLordN2 NSM · κύριοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκύριος: meaning 'Lord'; it serves as nominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαὶ: meaning 'and'; conjunction or particle linking this unit with the surrounding discourse.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the following noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article marking definiteness and the role of the accompanying noun phrase.
εὐσεβέσινgodlyA3H DPM · εὐσεβήςdative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient→ sphere or referenceεὐσεβής: meaning 'godly'; it serves as dative nominal element marking relation, instrument, sphere, or recipient.
ἔδωκενgiveVAI AAI3S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause→ constative aoristδίδωμι: meaning 'give'; it carries the action, process, or state of the clause; here it functions as verbal form carrying the action, process, or state of the clause.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal→ object specificationσοφία: meaning 'wisdom'; it serves as accusative element functioning as object, extent, or goal.