2
μὴ ἐπάρῃς σεαυτὸν ἐν βουλῇ ψυχῆς σου ἵνα μὴ διαρπαγῇ ὡς ταῦρος ἡ ψυχή σου
Do not exalt yourself in the counsel of your own soul, lest your soul be torn apart like a bull.
The unit opens by warning against self-exalting inner counsel that turns the soul into its own destroyer.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐπάρῃςexaltVA AAS2S · αἴρω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐπάρῃς: verbal form rendered 'exalt' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σεαυτὸνyourselfRD ASM · σεαυτοῦpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσεαυτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'yourself' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
βουλῇthe counselN1 DSF · βουλήdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceβουλῇ: lexical item rendered 'the counsel' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ψυχῆςof your soulN1 GSF · ψυχήgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationψυχῆς: lexical item rendered 'of your soul' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἵναlestC · ἵναsubordinating conjunction marking purpose or result→ discourse linkageἵνα: connective or conjunction rendered 'lest' in this chapter's argument flow.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
διαρπαγῇbe torn apartVD APS3S · ἁρπάζω + διαfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeδιαρπαγῇ: verbal form rendered 'be torn apart' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: connective or conjunction rendered 'like' in this chapter's argument flow.
ταῦροςa bullN2 NSM · ταῦροςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceταῦρος: lexical item rendered 'a bull' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ψυχήsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχή: lexical item rendered 'soul' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
3
τὰ φύλλα σου καταφάγεσαι καὶ τοὺς καρπούς σου ἀπολέσεις καὶ ἀφήσεις σεαυτὸν ὡς ξύλον ξηρόν
You will devour your leaves and destroy your fruit, and you will leave yourself like a dry tree.
Unchecked desire consumes the very life and fruit of the one who indulges it, leaving barrenness behind.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
φύλλαleavesN2N APN · φύλλονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationφύλλα: lexical item rendered 'leaves' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
καταφάγεσαιyou will devourVF FMI2S · ἐσθίω + καταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultκαταφάγεσαι: verbal form rendered 'you will devour' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
καρπούςfruitsN2 APM · καρπόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκαρπούς: lexical item rendered 'fruits' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἀπολέσειςyou will destroyVF FAI2S · ὀλλύω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἀπολέσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will destroy' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀφήσειςyou will leaveVF FAI2S · ἵημι + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἀφήσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will leave' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σεαυτὸνyourselfRD ASM · σεαυτοῦpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσεαυτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'yourself' with reference set by the immediate context.
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: connective or conjunction rendered 'like' in this chapter's argument flow.
ξύλονa treeN2N ASN · ξύλονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationξύλον: lexical item rendered 'a tree' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ξηρόνdryA1A ASN · ξηρόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationξηρόν: lexical item rendered 'dry' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
4
ψυχὴ πονηρὰ ἀπολεῖ τὸν κτησάμενον αὐτὴν καὶ ἐπίχαρμα ἐχθρῶν ποιήσει αὐτόν
An evil soul destroys the one who possesses it and makes him a thing of joy to his enemies.
The warning is reinforced by the observation that an evil soul ruins its possessor and turns him into an enemy's delight.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ψυχὴa soulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχὴ: lexical item rendered 'a soul' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πονηρὰevilA1A NSF · πονηρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπονηρὰ: lexical item rendered 'evil' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀπολεῖdestroysVF2 FAI3S · ὀλλύω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἀπολεῖ: verbal form rendered 'destroys' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὸνthe one whoRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the one who' and marking the noun phrase in context.
κτησάμενονpossessesVA · αμπασμ κτάομαιparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextκτησάμενον: verbal form rendered 'possesses' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτὴνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὴν: pronominal form rendered 'it' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐπίχαρμαa thing of joyN3M ASN · ἐπίχαρμαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἐπίχαρμα: lexical item rendered 'a thing of joy' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐχθρῶνto enemiesA1A GPM · ἐχθρόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἐχθρῶν: lexical item rendered 'to enemies' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ποιήσειwill makeVF FAI3S · ποιέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultποιήσει: verbal form rendered 'will make' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτόν: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference set by the immediate context.
5
λάρυγξ γλυκὺς πληθυνεῖ φίλους αὐτοῦ καὶ γλῶσσα εὔλαλος πληθυνεῖ εὐπροσήγορα
A sweet throat multiplies his friends, and a gracious tongue multiplies courtesies.
Sirach notes that pleasant speech can multiply companions and cordial relations.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
λάρυγξa throatN3G NSM · λάρυγξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλάρυγξ: lexical item rendered 'a throat' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
γλυκὺςsweetA3U NSM · γλυκύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγλυκὺς: lexical item rendered 'sweet' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πληθυνεῖmultipliesVF2 FAI3S · πληθύνωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultπληθυνεῖ: verbal form rendered 'multiplies' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φίλουςfriendsA1 APM · φίλοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationφίλους: lexical item rendered 'friends' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτοῦhis ownRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his own' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
γλῶσσαa tongueN1S NSF · γλῶσσαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγλῶσσα: lexical item rendered 'a tongue' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εὔλαλοςgraciousA1B NSF · εὔλαλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὔλαλος: lexical item rendered 'gracious' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πληθυνεῖmultipliesVF2 FAI3S · πληθύνωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultπληθυνεῖ: verbal form rendered 'multiplies' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εὐπροσήγοραcourtesiesA1B APN · εὐπροσήγοροςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationεὐπροσήγορα: lexical item rendered 'courtesies' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
6
οἱ εἰρηνεύοντές σοι ἔστωσαν πολλοί οἱ δὲ σύμβουλοί σου εἷς ἀπὸ χιλίων
Let those who are at peace with you be many, but let your counselors be one out of a thousand.
Yet many peaceful associates are no substitute for the rarity of trustworthy counsel.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article rendered 'those' and marking the noun phrase in context.
εἰρηνεύοντέςat peaceV1 · παπνπμ εἰρηνεύωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextεἰρηνεύοντές: verbal form rendered 'at peace' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἔστωσανlet them beV9 PAD3P · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστωσαν: verbal form rendered 'let them be' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πολλοίmanyA1 NPM · πολύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπολλοί: lexical item rendered 'many' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article rendered 'those' and marking the noun phrase in context.
δὲbutX · δέnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ discourse linkageδὲ: lexical item rendered 'but' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σύμβουλοίcounselorsN2 NPM · σύμβουλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσύμβουλοί: lexical item rendered 'counselors' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
εἷςoneM · εἷςnumeral modifying the associated noun phrase→ measure or countεἷς: lexical item rendered 'one' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀπὸout ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'out of' and governing its phrase in this context.
χιλίωνa thousandA1A GPM · χίλιοιgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationχιλίων: lexical item rendered 'a thousand' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
7
εἰ κτᾶσαι φίλον ἐν πειρασμῷ κτῆσαι αὐτὸν καὶ μὴ ταχὺ ἐμπιστεύσῃς αὐτῷ
If you gain a friend, gain him through testing, and do not quickly trust him.
Friendship must therefore be tested before trust is granted.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
εἰifC · εἰconditional conjunction introducing the condition→ discourse linkageεἰ: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
κτᾶσαιyou gainV3 PMS2S · κτάομαιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceκτᾶσαι: verbal form rendered 'you gain' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φίλονa friendA1 ASM · φίλοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationφίλον: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
πειρασμῷthrough testingN2 DSM · πειρασμόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπειρασμῷ: lexical item rendered 'through testing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κτῆσαιgainVA AMD2S · κτάομαιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeκτῆσαι: verbal form rendered 'gain' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ταχὺquicklyD · ταχύςadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastταχὺ: lexical item rendered 'quickly' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐμπιστεύσῃςtrustVA AAS2S · πιστεύω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐμπιστεύσῃς: verbal form rendered 'trust' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: pronominal form rendered 'to him' with reference set by the immediate context.
8
ἔστιν γὰρ φίλος ἐν καιρῷ αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐ μὴ παραμείνῃ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ θλίψεώς σου
For there is a friend at his own time, and he will not remain in the day of your affliction.
Some friends endure only for a season and disappear precisely in the day of affliction.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'there is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
φίλοςa friendA1 NSM · φίλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφίλος: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
καιρῷat a timeN2 DSM · καιρόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceκαιρῷ: lexical item rendered 'at a time' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτοῦhis ownRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his own' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
παραμείνῃwill remainVA AAS3S · μένω + παραfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπαραμείνῃ: verbal form rendered 'will remain' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἡμέρᾳin the dayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἡμέρᾳ: lexical item rendered 'in the day' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
θλίψεώςof your afflictionN3I GSF · θλῖψιςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationθλίψεώς: lexical item rendered 'of your affliction' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
9
καὶ ἔστιν φίλος μετατιθέμενος εἰς ἔχθραν καὶ μάχην ὀνειδισμοῦ σου ἀποκαλύψει
And there is a friend who changes into enmity, and he will reveal the quarrel of your disgrace.
Another kind of false friend turns into hostility and publicizes the shame of conflict.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'there is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φίλοςa friendA1 NSM · φίλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφίλος: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
μετατιθέμενοςchangingV7 · πμπνσμ τίθημι + μεταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextμετατιθέμενος: verbal form rendered 'changing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'into' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἔχθρανenmityA1A ASF · ἐχθρόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἔχθραν: lexical item rendered 'enmity' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μάχηνthe quarrelN1 ASF · μάχηaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationμάχην: lexical item rendered 'the quarrel' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὀνειδισμοῦof your disgraceN2 GSM · ὀνειδισμόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationὀνειδισμοῦ: lexical item rendered 'of your disgrace' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἀποκαλύψειhe will revealVF FAI3S · καλύπτω + ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἀποκαλύψει: verbal form rendered 'he will reveal' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
10
καὶ ἔστιν φίλος κοινωνὸς τραπεζῶν καὶ οὐ μὴ παραμείνῃ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ θλίψεώς σου
And there is a friend who is a companion at table, and he will not remain in the day of your affliction.
The table-companion too proves shallow when suffering arrives.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'there is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φίλοςa friendA1 NSM · φίλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφίλος: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κοινωνὸςa companionN2 NSM · κοινωνόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκοινωνὸς: lexical item rendered 'a companion' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τραπεζῶνof tablesN1S GPF · τράπεζαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationτραπεζῶν: lexical item rendered 'of tables' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
παραμείνῃwill remainVA AAS3S · μένω + παραfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπαραμείνῃ: verbal form rendered 'will remain' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἡμέρᾳin the dayN1A DSF · ἡμέραdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἡμέρᾳ: lexical item rendered 'in the day' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
θλίψεώςof your afflictionN3I GSF · θλῖψιςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationθλίψεώς: lexical item rendered 'of your affliction' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
11
καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς σου ἔσται ὡς σὺ καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς οἰκέτας σου παρρησιάσεται
And in your prosperity he will be like yourself, and he will speak boldly to your servants.
In prosperity such a friend appears intimate and confident, even within the household sphere.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
τοῖςin theRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article rendered 'in the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἀγαθοῖςgood thingsA1 DPN · ἀγαθόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἀγαθοῖς: lexical item rendered 'good things' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἔσταιhe will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσται: verbal form rendered 'he will be' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: connective or conjunction rendered 'like' in this chapter's argument flow.
σὺlike youRP NS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant prominenceσὺ: pronominal form rendered 'like you' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐπὶoverP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: preposition rendered 'over' and governing its phrase in this context.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
οἰκέταςservantsN1M APM · οἰκέτηςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationοἰκέτας: lexical item rendered 'servants' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
παρρησιάσεταιhe will speak boldlyVF FMI3S · παρρησιάζομαιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultπαρρησιάσεται: verbal form rendered 'he will speak boldly' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
12
ἐὰν ταπεινωθῇς ἔσται κατὰ σοῦ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου σου κρυβήσεται
If you are brought low, he will be against you and hide himself from your face.
But humiliation reveals his disloyalty as he turns away and hides himself.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconditional conjunction introducing the condition→ discourse linkageἐὰν: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
ταπεινωθῇςyou are humbledVC APS2S · ταπεινόωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeταπεινωθῇς: verbal form rendered 'you are humbled' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἔσταιhe will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσται: verbal form rendered 'he will be' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κατὰagainstP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: preposition rendered 'against' and governing its phrase in this context.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀπὸout ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'out of' and governing its phrase in this context.
τοῦyourRA GSN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῦ: Greek article rendered 'your' and marking the noun phrase in context.
προσώπουfaceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπροσώπου: lexical item rendered 'face' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
κρυβήσεταιhe will hide himselfVD FPI3S · κρύπτωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultκρυβήσεται: verbal form rendered 'he will hide himself' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
13
ἀπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν σου διαχωρίσθητι καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν φίλων σου πρόσεχε
Be separated from your enemies, and be on guard against your friends.
The hearer is therefore told both to separate from enemies and to keep watch even around friends.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ἀπὸout ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'out of' and governing its phrase in this context.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article rendered 'of the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἐχθρῶνto enemiesA1A GPM · ἐχθρόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἐχθρῶν: lexical item rendered 'to enemies' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
διαχωρίσθητιbe separatedVS APD2S · χωρίζω + διαverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeδιαχωρίσθητι: verbal form rendered 'be separated' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀπὸout ofP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'out of' and governing its phrase in this context.
τῶνof theRA GPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article rendered 'of the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
φίλωνfriendsA1 GPM · φίλοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationφίλων: lexical item rendered 'friends' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
πρόσεχεbe on guardV1 PAD2S · ἔχω + προςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceπρόσεχε: verbal form rendered 'be on guard' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
14
φίλος πιστὸς σκέπη κραταιά ὁ δὲ εὑρὼν αὐτὸν εὗρεν θησαυρόν
A faithful friend is a strong shelter, and the one who found him found a treasure.
The tone shifts to praise: a faithful friend is a powerful shelter and a rare treasure.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
φίλοςa friendA1 NSM · φίλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφίλος: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πιστὸςfaithfulA1 NSM · πιστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπιστὸς: lexical item rendered 'faithful' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σκέπηshelterN1 NSF · σκέπηςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκέπη: lexical item rendered 'shelter' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κραταιάstrongA1A NSF · κραταιόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκραταιά: lexical item rendered 'strong' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
δὲbutX · δέnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ discourse linkageδὲ: lexical item rendered 'but' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εὑρὼνfoundVB · ααπνσμ εὑρίσκωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextεὑρὼν: verbal form rendered 'found' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference set by the immediate context.
εὗρενfoundVB AAI3S · εὑρίσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeεὗρεν: verbal form rendered 'found' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
θησαυρόνa treasureN2 ASM · θησαυρόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationθησαυρόν: lexical item rendered 'a treasure' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
15
φίλου πιστοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν ἀντάλλαγμα καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν σταθμὸς τῆς καλλονῆς αὐτοῦ
There is no exchange for a faithful friend, and there is no measure for his beauty.
His worth is declared beyond barter or measurement.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
φίλουof a friendA1 GSM · φίλοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationφίλου: lexical item rendered 'of a friend' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πιστοῦfaithfulA1 GSM · πιστόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπιστοῦ: lexical item rendered 'faithful' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'there is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀντάλλαγμαexchangeN3M NSN · ἀντάλλαγμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀντάλλαγμα: lexical item rendered 'exchange' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'there is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σταθμὸςmeasureN2 NSM · σταθμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσταθμὸς: lexical item rendered 'measure' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article rendered 'of the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
καλλονῆςbeautyN1 GSF · καλλονήgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationκαλλονῆς: lexical item rendered 'beauty' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτοῦhis ownRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his own' with reference set by the immediate context.
16
φίλος πιστὸς φάρμακον ζωῆς καὶ οἱ φοβούμενοι κύριον εὑρήσουσιν αὐτόν
A faithful friend is a medicine of life, and those who fear the Lord will find him.
The faithful friend is likened to life-giving medicine and is linked to the fear of the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
φίλοςa friendA1 NSM · φίλοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφίλος: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πιστὸςfaithfulA1 NSM · πιστόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπιστὸς: lexical item rendered 'faithful' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φάρμακονmedicineN2N NSN · φάρμακονnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφάρμακον: lexical item rendered 'medicine' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ζωῆςof lifeN1 GSF · ζωήgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationζωῆς: lexical item rendered 'of life' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article rendered 'those' and marking the noun phrase in context.
φοβούμενοιthose fearingV2 · πμπνπμ φοβέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextφοβούμενοι: verbal form rendered 'those fearing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκύριον: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εὑρήσουσινwill findVF FAI3P · εὑρίσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultεὑρήσουσιν: verbal form rendered 'will find' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτόν: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference set by the immediate context.
17
ὁ φοβούμενος κύριον εὐθυνεῖ φιλίαν αὐτοῦ ὅτι κατ' αὐτὸν οὕτως καὶ ὁ πλησίον αὐτοῦ
The one who fears the Lord guides his friendship aright, for as he is, so also is his neighbor.
God-fearing character guides friendship rightly, because the neighbor tends to resemble the one who fears the Lord.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
φοβούμενοςthe one fearingV2 · πμπνσμ φοβέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextφοβούμενος: verbal form rendered 'the one fearing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκύριον: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εὐθυνεῖguides arightVF2 FAI3S · εὐθύνωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultεὐθυνεῖ: verbal form rendered 'guides aright' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φιλίανfriendshipN1A ASF · φιλίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationφιλίαν: lexical item rendered 'friendship' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτοῦhis ownRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his own' with reference set by the immediate context.
ὅτιforC · ὅτιconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkage or contrastὅτι: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
κατ'asP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατ': preposition rendered 'as' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference set by the immediate context.
οὕτωςso alsoD · οὕτωςadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὕτως: lexical item rendered 'so also' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandD · καίadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkageκαὶ: lexical item rendered 'and' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πλησίονneighborD · πλησίονadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastπλησίον: lexical item rendered 'neighbor' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτοῦhis ownRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his own' with reference set by the immediate context.
18
τέκνον ἐκ νεότητός σου ἐπίλεξαι παιδείαν καὶ ἕως πολιῶν εὑρήσεις σοφίαν
Child, choose instruction from your youth, and until gray hairs you will find wisdom.
The unit now turns to wisdom and calls the child to choose instruction early in life.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
τέκνονchildN2N VSN · τέκνονvocative address naming the addressee directly→ direct addressτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
νεότητόςyour youthN3T GSF · νεότηςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationνεότητός: lexical item rendered 'your youth' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐπίλεξαιchooseVA AMD2S · λέγω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐπίλεξαι: verbal form rendered 'choose' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
παιδείανinstructionN1A ASF · παιδείαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπαιδείαν: lexical item rendered 'instruction' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἕωςuntilP · ἕωςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕως: preposition rendered 'until' and governing its phrase in this context.
πολιῶνgray hairsN1A GPF · πολιάgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπολιῶν: lexical item rendered 'gray hairs' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εὑρήσειςyou will findVF FAI2S · εὑρίσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultεὑρήσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will find' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σοφίανwisdomN1A ASF · σοφίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationσοφίαν: lexical item rendered 'wisdom' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
19
ὡς ὁ ἀροτριῶν καὶ ὁ σπείρων πρόσελθε αὐτῇ καὶ ἀνάμενε τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς καρποὺς αὐτῆς ἐν γὰρ τῇ ἐργασίᾳ αὐτῆς ὀλίγον κοπιάσεις καὶ ταχὺ φάγεσαι τῶν γενημάτων αὐτῆς
Come to her like one plowing and sowing, and wait for her good fruits; for in her cultivation you will labor only a little, and quickly you will eat of her produce.
Agricultural imagery encourages perseverance by promising that wisdom's labor yields good fruit quickly enough to reward effort.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: connective or conjunction rendered 'like' in this chapter's argument flow.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἀροτριῶνone plowingV3 · παπνσμ ἀροτριάωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἀροτριῶν: verbal form rendered 'one plowing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
σπείρωνone sowingV1 · παπνσμ σπείρωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextσπείρων: verbal form rendered 'one sowing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πρόσελθεcome nearVB AAD2S · ἔρχομαι + προςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπρόσελθε: verbal form rendered 'come near' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῇto herRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: pronominal form rendered 'to her' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀνάμενεwait forV1 PAD2S · μένω + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἀνάμενε: verbal form rendered 'wait for' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἀγαθοὺςgoodA1 APM · ἀγαθόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀγαθοὺς: lexical item rendered 'good' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καρποὺςfruitsN2 APM · καρπόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκαρποὺς: lexical item rendered 'fruits' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
τῇin theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article rendered 'in the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἐργασίᾳcultivationN1A DSF · ἐργασίαdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἐργασίᾳ: lexical item rendered 'cultivation' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
ὀλίγονa littleA1 ASN · ὀλίγοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationὀλίγον: lexical item rendered 'a little' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κοπιάσειςyou will laborVF FAI2S · κοπιάωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultκοπιάσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will labor' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ταχὺquicklyD · ταχύςadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastταχὺ: lexical item rendered 'quickly' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φάγεσαιyou will eatVF FMI2S · ἐσθίωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultφάγεσαι: verbal form rendered 'you will eat' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τῶνof theRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article rendered 'of the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
γενημάτωνproduceN3M GPN · γένημαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationγενημάτων: lexical item rendered 'produce' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
20
ὡς τραχεῖά ἐστιν σφόδρα τοῖς ἀπαιδεύτοις καὶ οὐκ ἐμμενεῖ ἐν αὐτῇ ἀκάρδιος
She is very harsh to the undisciplined, and the fainthearted will not remain in her.
Wisdom first appears severe and is intolerable to the undisciplined and fainthearted.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: connective or conjunction rendered 'like' in this chapter's argument flow.
τραχεῖάharshA3U NSF · τραχύςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceτραχεῖά: lexical item rendered 'harsh' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐστινshe isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐστιν: verbal form rendered 'she is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σφόδραveryD · σφόδραadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: lexical item rendered 'very' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τοῖςin theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article rendered 'in the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἀπαιδεύτοιςto the undisciplinedA1B DPM · ἀπαίδευτοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἀπαιδεύτοις: lexical item rendered 'to the undisciplined' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐμμενεῖwill remain inVF2 FAI3S · μένω + ἐνfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἐμμενεῖ: verbal form rendered 'will remain in' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὐτῇto herRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: pronominal form rendered 'to her' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἀκάρδιοςthe faintheartedA1B NSM · ἀκάρδιοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀκάρδιος: lexical item rendered 'the fainthearted' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
21
ὡς λίθος δοκιμασίας ἰσχυρὸς ἔσται ἐπ' αὐτῷ καὶ οὐ χρονιεῖ ἀπορρῖψαι αὐτήν
She will be upon him like a strong testing stone, and he will not delay to throw her away.
She presses upon the unstable like a testing stone so that the impatient want to cast her away.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ὡςlikeC · ὡςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastὡς: connective or conjunction rendered 'like' in this chapter's argument flow.
λίθοςa stoneN2 NSM · λίθοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceλίθος: lexical item rendered 'a stone' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
δοκιμασίαςof testingN1A GSF · δοκιμασίαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδοκιμασίας: lexical item rendered 'of testing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἰσχυρὸςstrongA1A NSM · ἰσχυρόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἰσχυρὸς: lexical item rendered 'strong' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἔσταιhe will beVF FMI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσται: verbal form rendered 'he will be' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': preposition rendered 'upon' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: pronominal form rendered 'to him' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
χρονιεῖhe will delayVF2 FAI3S · χρονίζωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultχρονιεῖ: verbal form rendered 'he will delay' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀπορρῖψαιto cast awayVA AAN · ῥίπτω + ἀποinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἀπορρῖψαι: verbal form rendered 'to cast away' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτήν: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
22
σοφία γὰρ κατὰ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτῆς ἐστιν καὶ οὐ πολλοῖς ἐστιν φανερά
For wisdom is true to her name, and she is not manifest to many.
Wisdom's very nature explains her scarcity: she is not obvious to the many.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
σοφίαwisdomN1A NSF · σοφίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφία: lexical item rendered 'wisdom' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
κατὰagainstP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: preposition rendered 'against' and governing its phrase in this context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ὄνομαnameN3M ASN · ὄνομαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationὄνομα: lexical item rendered 'name' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐστινshe isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐστιν: verbal form rendered 'she is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πολλοῖςto manyA1 DPM · πολύςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπολλοῖς: lexical item rendered 'to many' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐστινshe isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐστιν: verbal form rendered 'she is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
φανεράmanifestA1A NSF · φανερόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceφανερά: lexical item rendered 'manifest' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
23
ἄκουσον τέκνον καὶ ἔκδεξαι γνώμην μου καὶ μὴ ἀπαναίνου τὴν συμβουλίαν μου
Hear, child, and receive my judgment, and do not reject my counsel.
The speaker directly urges the child to receive judgment and not refuse counsel.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἄκουσονhearVA AAD2S · ἀκούωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἄκουσον: verbal form rendered 'hear' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τέκνονchildN2N VSN · τέκνονvocative address naming the addressee directly→ direct addressτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἔκδεξαιreceiveVA AMD2S · δέχομαι + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἔκδεξαι: verbal form rendered 'receive' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
γνώμηνjudgmentN1 ASF · γνώμηaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationγνώμην: lexical item rendered 'judgment' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationμου: pronominal form rendered 'my' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀπαναίνουrejectV2 PMD2S · αἰνέω + ἀπο + ἀναverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἀπαναίνου: verbal form rendered 'reject' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
συμβουλίανcounselN1A ASF · συμβουλίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationσυμβουλίαν: lexical item rendered 'counsel' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationμου: pronominal form rendered 'my' with reference set by the immediate context.
24
καὶ εἰσένεγκον τοὺς πόδας σου εἰς τὰς πέδας αὐτῆς καὶ εἰς τὸν κλοιὸν αὐτῆς τὸν τράχηλόν σου
Bring your feet into her fetters and your neck into her collar.
The hearer must submit bodily to wisdom's restraints as to fetters and a collar.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
εἰσένεγκονbringVA AAD2S · φέρω + εἰςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeεἰσένεγκον: verbal form rendered 'bring' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πόδαςfeetN3D APM · πούςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπόδας: lexical item rendered 'feet' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'into' and governing its phrase in this context.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πέδαςfettersN1 APF · πέδηaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπέδας: lexical item rendered 'fetters' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'into' and governing its phrase in this context.
τὸνthe one whoRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the one who' and marking the noun phrase in context.
κλοιὸνcollarN2 ASM · κλοιόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκλοιὸν: lexical item rendered 'collar' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
τὸνthe one whoRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the one who' and marking the noun phrase in context.
τράχηλόνneckN2 ASM · τράχηλοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationτράχηλόν: lexical item rendered 'neck' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
25
ὑπόθες τὸν ὦμόν σου καὶ βάσταξον αὐτὴν καὶ μὴ προσοχθίσῃς τοῖς δεσμοῖς αὐτῆς
Put your shoulder under her and carry her, and do not be vexed at her bonds.
The burden is to be shouldered patiently rather than resented.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ὑπόθεςputVE AAD2S · τίθημι + ὑποverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeὑπόθες: verbal form rendered 'put' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὸνthe one whoRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the one who' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ὦμόνshoulderN2 ASM · ὦμοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationὦμόν: lexical item rendered 'shoulder' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
βάσταξονcarryVA AAD2S · βαστάζωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeβάσταξον: verbal form rendered 'carry' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτὴνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὴν: pronominal form rendered 'it' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
προσοχθίσῃςbe vexedVA AAS2S · ὀχθίζω + προςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπροσοχθίσῃς: verbal form rendered 'be vexed' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τοῖςin theRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article rendered 'in the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
δεσμοῖςat the bondsN2 DPM · δεσμόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceδεσμοῖς: lexical item rendered 'at the bonds' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
26
ἐν πάσῃ ψυχῇ σου πρόσελθε αὐτῇ καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ δυνάμει σου συντήρησον τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτῆς
With all your soul draw near to her, and with all your strength keep her ways.
Whole-souled and whole-strength devotion is required for wisdom's path.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
πάσῃallA1S DSF · πᾶςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπάσῃ: lexical item rendered 'all' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ψυχῇsoulN1 DSF · ψυχήdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceψυχῇ: lexical item rendered 'soul' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
πρόσελθεcome nearVB AAD2S · ἔρχομαι + προςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπρόσελθε: verbal form rendered 'come near' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῇto herRD DSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτῇ: pronominal form rendered 'to her' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ὅλῃwholeA1 DSF · ὅλοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceὅλῃ: lexical item rendered 'whole' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
δυνάμειstrengthN3I DSF · δύναμιςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceδυνάμει: lexical item rendered 'strength' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
συντήρησονkeepVA AAD2S · τηρέω + συνverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeσυντήρησον: verbal form rendered 'keep' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὰςtheRA APF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ὁδοὺςwaysN2 APF · ὁδόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationὁδοὺς: lexical item rendered 'ways' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
27
ἐξίχνευσον καὶ ζήτησον καὶ γνωσθήσεταί σοι καὶ ἐγκρατὴς γενόμενος μὴ ἀφῇς αὐτήν
Track her down and seek her, and she will become known to you; and when you take hold of her, do not let her go.
Persistent search leads to discovery, and discovery calls for steadfast retention.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐξίχνευσονtrack downVA AAD2S · ἰχνεύω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐξίχνευσον: verbal form rendered 'track down' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ζήτησονseekVA AAD2S · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeζήτησον: verbal form rendered 'seek' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
γνωσθήσεταίshe will become knownVS FPI3S · γιγνώσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultγνωσθήσεταί: verbal form rendered 'she will become known' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐγκρατὴςhaving taken holdA3H NSM · ἐγκρατήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐγκρατὴς: lexical item rendered 'having taken hold' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
γενόμενοςbecomingVB · αμπνσμ γίγνομαιparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextγενόμενος: verbal form rendered 'becoming' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀφῇςlet goVH AAS2S · ἵημι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἀφῇς: verbal form rendered 'let go' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτήν: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
28
ἐπ' ἐσχάτων γὰρ εὑρήσεις τὴν ἀνάπαυσιν αὐτῆς καὶ στραφήσεταί σοι εἰς εὐφροσύνην
For at the end you will find her rest, and she will turn into gladness for you.
What is hard at first will finally become rest and gladness.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': preposition rendered 'upon' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἐσχάτωνat the endA1 GPN · ἔσχατοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἐσχάτων: lexical item rendered 'at the end' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
εὑρήσειςyou will findVF FAI2S · εὑρίσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultεὑρήσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will find' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἀνάπαυσινrestN3I ASF · ἀνάπαυσιςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀνάπαυσιν: lexical item rendered 'rest' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
στραφήσεταίshe will turnVD FPI3S · στρέφωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultστραφήσεταί: verbal form rendered 'she will turn' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'into' and governing its phrase in this context.
εὐφροσύνηνinto gladnessN1 ASF · εὐφροσύνηaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationεὐφροσύνην: lexical item rendered 'into gladness' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
29
καὶ ἔσονταί σοι αἱ πέδαι εἰς σκέπην ἰσχύος καὶ οἱ κλοιοὶ αὐτῆς εἰς στολὴν δόξης
And her fetters will become for you a shelter of strength, and her collars a robe of glory.
Wisdom's restraints are reinterpreted as shelter and glorious clothing.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἔσονταίthey will becomeVF FMI3P · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσονταί: verbal form rendered 'they will become' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
αἱtheRA NPF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingαἱ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πέδαιfettersN1 NPF · πέδηnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπέδαι: lexical item rendered 'fetters' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'into' and governing its phrase in this context.
σκέπηνa shelterN1 ASF · σκέπηςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationσκέπην: lexical item rendered 'a shelter' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἰσχύοςof strengthN3U GSF · ἰσχύςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἰσχύος: lexical item rendered 'of strength' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article rendered 'those' and marking the noun phrase in context.
κλοιοὶcollarsN2 NPM · κλοιόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκλοιοὶ: lexical item rendered 'collars' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
εἰςintoP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'into' and governing its phrase in this context.
στολὴνa robeN1 ASF · στολήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationστολὴν: lexical item rendered 'a robe' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
δόξηςof gloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδόξης: lexical item rendered 'of glory' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
30
κόσμος γὰρ χρύσεός ἐστιν ἐπ' αὐτῆς καὶ οἱ δεσμοὶ αὐτῆς κλῶσμα ὑακίνθινον
For there is a golden ornament upon her, and her bonds are a cord of blue.
The same bonds now appear as golden and beautiful adornment.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
κόσμοςan ornamentN2 NSM · κόσμοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκόσμος: lexical item rendered 'an ornament' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
χρύσεόςgoldenA1 NSM · χρύσεοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχρύσεός: lexical item rendered 'golden' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐστινshe isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐστιν: verbal form rendered 'she is' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': preposition rendered 'upon' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οἱthoseRA NPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingοἱ: Greek article rendered 'those' and marking the noun phrase in context.
δεσμοὶbondsN2 NPM · δεσμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceδεσμοὶ: lexical item rendered 'bonds' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
κλῶσμαa cordN3M NSN · κλῶσμαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκλῶσμα: lexical item rendered 'a cord' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὑακίνθινονof blueA1 NSN · ὑακίνθινοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὑακίνθινον: lexical item rendered 'of blue' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
31
στολὴν δόξης ἐνδύσῃ αὐτὴν καὶ στέφανον ἀγαλλιάματος περιθήσεις σεαυτῷ
You will put her on as a robe of glory, and you will set her upon yourself as a crown of rejoicing.
The disciple will ultimately wear wisdom as glory and rejoicing rather than slavery.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
στολὴνa robeN1 ASF · στολήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationστολὴν: lexical item rendered 'a robe' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
δόξηςof gloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδόξης: lexical item rendered 'of glory' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐνδύσῃyou will put onVF FMI2S · δύω + ἐνfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἐνδύσῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will put on' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτὴνitRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὴν: pronominal form rendered 'it' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
στέφανονa crownN2 ASM · στέφανοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationστέφανον: lexical item rendered 'a crown' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀγαλλιάματοςof rejoicingN3M GSN · ἀγαλλίαμαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἀγαλλιάματος: lexical item rendered 'of rejoicing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
περιθήσειςyou will setVF FAI2S · τίθημι + περιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultπεριθήσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will set' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σεαυτῷupon yourselfRD DSM · σεαυτοῦpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσεαυτῷ: pronominal form rendered 'upon yourself' with reference set by the immediate context.
32
ἐὰν θέλῃς τέκνον παιδευθήσῃ καὶ ἐὰν ἐπιδῷς τὴν ψυχήν σου πανοῦργος ἔσῃ
If you are willing, child, you will be instructed, and if you give your soul, you will become prudent.
Teachability and self-yielding are presented as the conditions for becoming instructed and prudent.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconditional conjunction introducing the condition→ discourse linkageἐὰν: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
θέλῃςyou are willingV1 PAS2S · ἐθέλωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceθέλῃς: verbal form rendered 'you are willing' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τέκνονchildN2N VSN · τέκνονvocative address naming the addressee directly→ direct addressτέκνον: lexical item rendered 'child' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
παιδευθήσῃyou will be instructedVC FPI2S · παιδεύωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultπαιδευθήσῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will be instructed' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconditional conjunction introducing the condition→ discourse linkageἐὰν: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐπιδῷςyou giveVO AAS2S · δίδωμι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐπιδῷς: verbal form rendered 'you give' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ψυχήνyour soulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationψυχήν: lexical item rendered 'your soul' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
πανοῦργοςprudentA1B NSM · πανοῦργοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπανοῦργος: lexical item rendered 'prudent' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἔσῃyou will beVF FMI2S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will be' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
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ἐὰν ἀγαπήσῃς ἀκούειν ἐκδέξῃ καὶ ἐὰν κλίνῃς τὸ οὖς σου σοφὸς ἔσῃ
If you love to listen, you will receive, and if you incline your ear, you will become wise.
Love of listening and a lowered ear lead to receiving and becoming wise.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconditional conjunction introducing the condition→ discourse linkageἐὰν: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀγαπήσῃςyou loveVA AAS2S · ἀγαπάωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἀγαπήσῃς: verbal form rendered 'you love' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀκούεινto listenV1 PAN · ἀκούωinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἀκούειν: verbal form rendered 'to listen' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐκδέξῃyou will receiveVF FMI2S · δέχομαι + ἐκfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἐκδέξῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will receive' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconditional conjunction introducing the condition→ discourse linkageἐὰν: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
κλίνῃςyou inclineV1 PAS2S · κλίνωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceκλίνῃς: verbal form rendered 'you incline' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
οὖςyour earN3T ASN · οὖςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationοὖς: lexical item rendered 'your ear' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
σοφὸςwiseA1 NSM · σοφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφὸς: lexical item rendered 'wise' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἔσῃyou will beVF FMI2S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will be' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
34
ἐν πλήθει πρεσβυτέρων στῆθι καὶ τίς σοφός αὐτῷ προσκολλήθητι
Stand in the multitude of elders, and whoever is wise, cling to him.
The learner is told to stand among elders and cling to the wise.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
πλήθειin the multitudeN3E DSN · πλῆθοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπλήθει: lexical item rendered 'in the multitude' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πρεσβυτέρωνof eldersN2 GPM · πρεσβύτεροςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπρεσβυτέρων: lexical item rendered 'of elders' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
στῆθιstandVH AAD2S · ἵστημιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeστῆθι: verbal form rendered 'stand' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
τίςwhoeverRI NSM · τίςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant prominenceτίς: pronominal form rendered 'whoever' with reference set by the immediate context.
σοφόςwiseA1 NSM · σοφόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσοφός: lexical item rendered 'wise' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: pronominal form rendered 'to him' with reference set by the immediate context.
προσκολλήθητιclingVC APD2S · κολλάω + προςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπροσκολλήθητι: verbal form rendered 'cling' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
35
πᾶσαν διήγησιν θείαν θέλε ἀκροᾶσθαι καὶ παροιμίαι συνέσεως μὴ ἐκφευγέτωσάν σε
Desire to hear every divine discourse, and let not proverbs of understanding escape you.
Divine discourse and proverbs of understanding are to be eagerly sought and retained.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
πᾶσανeveryA1S ASF · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπᾶσαν: lexical item rendered 'every' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
διήγησινdiscourseN3I ASF · διήγησιςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationδιήγησιν: lexical item rendered 'discourse' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
θείανdivineA1A ASF · θεῖοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationθείαν: lexical item rendered 'divine' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
θέλεdesireV1 PAD2S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceθέλε: verbal form rendered 'desire' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἀκροᾶσθαιto hearV3 PMN · ἀκροάομαιinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἀκροᾶσθαι: verbal form rendered 'to hear' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
παροιμίαιproverbsN1A NPF · παροιμίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπαροιμίαι: lexical item rendered 'proverbs' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
συνέσεωςof understandingN3I GSF · σύνεσιςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationσυνέσεως: lexical item rendered 'of understanding' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
μὴdo notD · μήadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐκφευγέτωσάνlet them escapeV1 PAD3P · φεύγω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐκφευγέτωσάν: verbal form rendered 'let them escape' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσε: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference set by the immediate context.
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ἐὰν ἴδῃς συνετόν ὄρθριζε πρὸς αὐτόν καὶ βαθμοὺς θυρῶν αὐτοῦ ἐκτριβέτω ὁ πούς σου
If you see one who is discerning, rise early to him, and let your foot wear out his doorstep.
The earnest seeker hastens early to the discerning and wears out his doorstep in pursuit of wisdom.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ἐὰνifC · ἐάνconditional conjunction introducing the condition→ discourse linkageἐὰν: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἴδῃςyou seeVB AAS2S · ὁράωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἴδῃς: verbal form rendered 'you see' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
συνετόνone discerningA1 ASM · συνετόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationσυνετόν: lexical item rendered 'one discerning' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὄρθριζεrise earlyV1 PAD2S · ὀρθρίζωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceὄρθριζε: verbal form rendered 'rise early' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
πρὸςtoP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: preposition rendered 'to' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὐτόνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτόν: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
βαθμοὺςstepsN2 APM · βαθμόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationβαθμοὺς: lexical item rendered 'steps' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
θυρῶνof doorsN1A GPF · θύραgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationθυρῶν: lexical item rendered 'of doors' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτοῦhis ownRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his own' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐκτριβέτωlet wear outV1 PAD3S · τρίβω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐκτριβέτω: verbal form rendered 'let wear out' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ὁtheRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πούςfootN3D NSM · πούςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπούς: lexical item rendered 'foot' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
37
διανοοῦ ἐν τοῖς προστάγμασιν κυρίου καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἐντολαῖς αὐτοῦ μελέτα διὰ παντός αὐτὸς στηριεῖ τὴν καρδίαν σου καὶ ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῆς σοφίας δοθήσεταί σοι
Meditate on the ordinances of the Lord, and ponder his commandments continually; he himself will strengthen your heart, and the desire for wisdom will be given to you.
Meditation on the Lord's commands ends the chapter with the promise that God himself steadies the heart and grants wisdom's desire.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
διανοοῦmeditateV2 PMD2S · νοέομαι + διαverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceδιανοοῦ: verbal form rendered 'meditate' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
τοῖςin theRA DPN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article rendered 'in the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
προστάγμασινon the ordinancesN3M DPN · πρόσταγμαdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπροστάγμασιν: lexical item rendered 'on the ordinances' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
κυρίουof the LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationκυρίου: lexical item rendered 'of the Lord' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ταῖςon theRA DPF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingταῖς: Greek article rendered 'on the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἐντολαῖςcommandmentsN1A DPF · ἐντολήdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἐντολαῖς: lexical item rendered 'commandments' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτοῦhis ownRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his own' with reference set by the immediate context.
μελέταponderV3 PAD2S · μελετάωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceμελέτα: verbal form rendered 'ponder' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
διὰthroughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingδιὰ: preposition rendered 'through' and governing its phrase in this context.
παντόςcontinuallyA3 GSN · πᾶςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπαντός: lexical item rendered 'continually' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
αὐτὸςhe himselfRD NSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant prominenceαὐτὸς: pronominal form rendered 'he himself' with reference set by the immediate context.
στηριεῖwill strengthenVF FAI3S · στηρίζωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultστηριεῖ: verbal form rendered 'will strengthen' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
καρδίανheartN1A ASF · καρδίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκαρδίαν: lexical item rendered 'heart' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἐπιθυμίαdesireN1A NSF · ἐπιθυμίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐπιθυμία: lexical item rendered 'desire' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
τῆςof theRA GSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῆς: Greek article rendered 'of the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
σοφίαςfor wisdomN1A GSF · σοφίαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationσοφίας: lexical item rendered 'for wisdom' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
δοθήσεταίwill be givenVC FPI3S · δίδωμιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultδοθήσεταί: verbal form rendered 'will be given' in this chapter's teaching on friendship and the pursuit of wisdom.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.