1
μὴ ποίει κακά καὶ οὐ μή σε καταλάβῃ κακόν
Do not do evil, and evil will not overtake you.
Opens with the basic sapiential axiom that evil rebounds upon the evildoer.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ποίειdoV2 PAD2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceποίει: verbal form rendered 'do' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
κακάevil thingsA1 APN · κακόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκακά: lexical item rendered 'evil things' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μήnotD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμή: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσε: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference set by the immediate context.
καταλάβῃovertakeVB AAS3S · λαμβάνω + καταfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeκαταλάβῃ: verbal form rendered 'overtake' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
κακόνevilA1 ASN · κακόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκακόν: lexical item rendered 'evil' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
2
ἀπόστηθι ἀπὸ ἀδίκου καὶ ἐκκλινεῖ ἀπὸ σοῦ
Stand away from injustice, and it will turn aside from you.
Turning away from injustice is presented as the practical counterpart to the opening warning.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ἀπόστηθιstand awayVH AAD2S · ἵστημι + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἀπόστηθι: verbal form rendered 'stand away' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἀδίκουinjusticeA1B GSN · ἄδικοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἀδίκου: lexical item rendered 'injustice' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐκκλινεῖit will turn asideVF2 FAI3S · κλίνω + ἐκfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἐκκλινεῖ: verbal form rendered 'it will turn aside' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
σοῦyouRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference set by the immediate context.
3
υἱέ μὴ σπεῖρε ἐπ' αὔλακας ἀδικίας καὶ οὐ μὴ θερίσῃς αὐτὰ ἑπταπλασίως
Son, do not sow upon the furrows of injustice, and you will not reap them sevenfold.
Agricultural imagery sharpens the point: injustice once sown returns in multiplied harvest.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
υἱέsonN2 VSM · υἱόςvocative address naming the addressee directly→ direct addressυἱέ: lexical item rendered 'son' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σπεῖρεsowV1 PAD2S · σπείρωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceσπεῖρε: verbal form rendered 'sow' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': preposition rendered 'upon' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὔλακαςfurrowsN3K APM · αὖλαξaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationαὔλακας: lexical item rendered 'furrows' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀδικίαςof injusticeN1A GSF · ἀδικίαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἀδικίας: lexical item rendered 'of injustice' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
θερίσῃςyou will reapVA AAS2S · θερίζωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeθερίσῃς: verbal form rendered 'you will reap' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτὰthemRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὰ: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἑπταπλασίωςsevenfoldD · ἑπταπλασίωςadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastἑπταπλασίως: lexical item rendered 'sevenfold' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
4
μὴ ζήτει παρὰ κυρίου ἡγεμονίαν μηδὲ παρὰ βασιλέως καθέδραν δόξης
Do not seek leadership from the Lord, nor a seat of glory from the king.
Sirach forbids grasping after honor and public status from either divine or royal source.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ζήτειseekV2 PAD2S · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceζήτει: verbal form rendered 'seek' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
κυρίουthe LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationκυρίου: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἡγεμονίανleadershipN1A ASF · ἡγεμονίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἡγεμονίαν: lexical item rendered 'leadership' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μηδὲnorC · μηδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageμηδὲ: connective or conjunction rendered 'nor' in this chapter's argument flow.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
βασιλέωςof a kingN3V GSM · βασιλεύςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationβασιλέως: lexical item rendered 'of a king' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καθέδρανa seatN1A ASF · καθέδραaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκαθέδραν: lexical item rendered 'a seat' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δόξηςof gloryN1S GSF · δόξαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδόξης: lexical item rendered 'of glory' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
5
μὴ δικαιοῦ ἔναντι κυρίου καὶ παρὰ βασιλεῖ μὴ σοφίζου
Do not justify yourself before the Lord, and do not make yourself wise before a king.
The hearer must not self-vindicate before God or parade wisdom before the powerful.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δικαιοῦjustify yourselfV4 PMD2S · δικαιόωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceδικαιοῦ: verbal form rendered 'justify yourself' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἔναντι: preposition rendered 'before' and governing its phrase in this context.
κυρίουthe LordN2 GSM · κύριοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationκυρίου: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
παρὰfromP · παράpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingπαρὰ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
βασιλεῖa kingN3V DSM · βασιλεύςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceβασιλεῖ: lexical item rendered 'a king' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοφίζουmake yourself wiseV1 PMD2S · σοφίζωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceσοφίζου: verbal form rendered 'make yourself wise' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
6
μὴ ζήτει γενέσθαι κριτής μὴ οὐκ ἰσχύσεις ἐξᾶραι ἀδικίας μήποτε εὐλαβηθῇς ἀπὸ προσώπου δυνάστου καὶ θήσεις σκάνδαλον ἐν εὐθύτητί σου
Do not seek to become a judge, lest you be unable to remove injustice, and perhaps you will fear the face of a ruler and place a stumbling block in your integrity.
Judicial ambition is dangerous because fear of rulers can corrupt justice and ruin integrity.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ζήτειseekV2 PAD2S · ζητέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceζήτει: verbal form rendered 'seek' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
γενέσθαιto becomeVB AMN · γίγνομαιinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextγενέσθαι: verbal form rendered 'to become' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
κριτήςa judgeN1M NSM · κριτήςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceκριτής: lexical item rendered 'a judge' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἰσχύσειςyou will be ableVF FAI2S · ἰσχύωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἰσχύσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will be able' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐξᾶραιto removeVA AAN · αἴρω + ἐκinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἐξᾶραι: verbal form rendered 'to remove' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀδικίαςof injusticeN1A APF · ἀδικίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀδικίας: lexical item rendered 'of injustice' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μήποτεlest perhapsD · μήποτεadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμήποτε: lexical item rendered 'lest perhaps' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
εὐλαβηθῇςyou be frightenedVC APS2S · εὐλαβέομαιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeεὐλαβηθῇς: verbal form rendered 'you be frightened' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
προσώπουof the faceN2N GSN · πρόσωπονgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπροσώπου: lexical item rendered 'of the face' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δυνάστουof a rulerN1M GSM · δυνάστηςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδυνάστου: lexical item rendered 'of a ruler' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
θήσειςyou placeVF FAI2S · τίθημιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultθήσεις: verbal form rendered 'you place' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σκάνδαλονa stumbling blockN2N ASN · σκάνδαλονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationσκάνδαλον: lexical item rendered 'a stumbling block' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
εὐθύτητίyour integrityN3T DSF · εὐθύτηςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceεὐθύτητί: lexical item rendered 'your integrity' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
7
μὴ ἁμάρτανε εἰς πλῆθος πόλεως καὶ μὴ καταβάλῃς σεαυτὸν ἐν ὄχλῳ
Do not sin against the multitude of a city, and do not cast yourself down in a crowd.
The unit warns against public sin and reckless self-exposure before the crowd.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἁμάρτανεsinV1 PAD2S · ἁμαρτάνωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἁμάρτανε: verbal form rendered 'sin' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
εἰςagainstP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'against' and governing its phrase in this context.
πλῆθοςthe multitudeN3E ASN · πλῆθοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπλῆθος: lexical item rendered 'the multitude' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
πόλεωςof a cityN3I GSF · πόλιςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπόλεως: lexical item rendered 'of a city' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καταβάλῃςcast downVB AAS2S · βάλλω + καταverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeκαταβάλῃς: verbal form rendered 'cast down' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σεαυτὸνyourselfRD ASM · σεαυτοῦpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσεαυτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'yourself' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ὄχλῳin a crowdN2 DSM · ὄχλοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceὄχλῳ: lexical item rendered 'in a crowd' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
8
μὴ καταδεσμεύσῃς δὶς ἁμαρτίαν ἐν γὰρ τῇ μιᾷ οὐκ ἀθῷος ἔσῃ
Do not bind up sin twice, for even for one sin you will not be guiltless.
Repeated sin is folly because even one offense does not leave a person unpunished.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καταδεσμεύσῃςbind upVA AAS2S · δεσμεύω + καταverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeκαταδεσμεύσῃς: verbal form rendered 'bind up' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δὶςtwiceD · δίςadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastδὶς: lexical item rendered 'twice' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἁμαρτίανsinN1A ASF · ἁμαρτίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἁμαρτίαν: lexical item rendered 'sin' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
τῇfor theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article rendered 'for the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
μιᾷoneA1A DSF · εἷςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceμιᾷ: lexical item rendered 'one' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀθῷοςguiltlessA1 NSM · ἀθῷοςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἀθῷος: lexical item rendered 'guiltless' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἔσῃyou will beVF FMI2S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will be' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
9
μὴ εἴπῃς τῷ πλήθει τῶν δώρων μου ἐπόψεται καὶ ἐν τῷ προσενέγκαι με θεῷ ὑψίστῳ προσδέξεται
Do not say, 'He will look upon the multitude of my gifts, and when I bring them to God Most High he will accept them.'
Sirach rejects the thought that abundant gifts can manipulate divine favor while wrongdoing remains.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
εἴπῃςsayVB AAS2S · εἶπονverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeεἴπῃς: verbal form rendered 'say' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πλήθειmultitudeN3E DSN · πλῆθοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπλήθει: lexical item rendered 'multitude' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τῶνof theRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article rendered 'of the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
δώρωνgiftsN2N GPN · δῶρονgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδώρων: lexical item rendered 'gifts' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μουmyRP GS · ἐγώpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationμου: pronominal form rendered 'my' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐπόψεταιhe will look uponVF FMI3S · ὁράω + ἐπιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἐπόψεται: verbal form rendered 'he will look upon' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
προσενέγκαιto bringVA AAN · φέρω + προςinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextπροσενέγκαι: verbal form rendered 'to bring' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μεmeRP AS · ἐγώpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceμε: pronominal form rendered 'me' with reference set by the immediate context.
θεῷto GodN2 DSM · θεόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceθεῷ: lexical item rendered 'to God' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὑψίστῳMost HighA1 DSM · ὕψιστοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceὑψίστῳ: lexical item rendered 'Most High' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
προσδέξεταιhe will acceptVF FMI3S · δέχομαι + προςfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultπροσδέξεται: verbal form rendered 'he will accept' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
10
μὴ ὀλιγοψυχήσῃς ἐν τῇ προσευχῇ σου καὶ ἐλεημοσύνην ποιῆσαι μὴ παρίδῃς
Do not be fainthearted in your prayer, and do not overlook doing almsgiving.
Prayer and almsgiving are held together as duties not to be neglected through faintheartedness.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὀλιγοψυχήσῃςbe faintheartedVA AAS2S · ὀλιγοψυχέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeὀλιγοψυχήσῃς: verbal form rendered 'be fainthearted' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
τῇfor theRA DSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῇ: Greek article rendered 'for the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
προσευχῇin prayerN1 DSF · προσευχήdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπροσευχῇ: lexical item rendered 'in prayer' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐλεημοσύνηνalmsgivingN1 ASF · ἐλεημοσύνηaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἐλεημοσύνην: lexical item rendered 'almsgiving' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ποιῆσαιto doVA AAN · ποιέωinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextποιῆσαι: verbal form rendered 'to do' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
παρίδῃςoverlookVB AAS2S · ὁράω + παραverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπαρίδῃς: verbal form rendered 'overlook' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
11
μὴ καταγέλα ἄνθρωπον ὄντα ἐν πικρίᾳ ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ ἔστιν γὰρ ὁ ταπεινῶν καὶ ἀνυψῶν
Do not laugh at a person who is in bitterness of soul, for there is one who humbles and exalts.
Mockery of the embittered is forbidden because God himself humbles and exalts.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καταγέλαlaugh atV3 PAD2S · γελάω + καταverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceκαταγέλα: verbal form rendered 'laugh at' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἄνθρωπονa personN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἄνθρωπον: lexical item rendered 'a person' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὄνταbeingV9 · παπασμ εἰμίparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextὄντα: verbal form rendered 'being' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
πικρίᾳin bitternessN1A DSF · πικρίαdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπικρίᾳ: lexical item rendered 'in bitterness' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ψυχῆςof soulN1 GSF · ψυχήgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationψυχῆς: lexical item rendered 'of soul' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'there is' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
ὁthe one whoRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the one who' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ταπεινῶνhumblesV4 · παπνσμ ταπεινόωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextταπεινῶν: verbal form rendered 'humbles' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀνυψῶνexaltsV4 · παπνσμ ὑψόω + ἀναparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἀνυψῶν: verbal form rendered 'exalts' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
12
μὴ ἀροτρία ψεῦδος ἐπ' ἀδελφῷ σου μηδὲ φίλῳ τὸ ὅμοιον ποίει
Do not plow a lie against your brother, nor do the like against a friend.
Truthfulness must govern relations with both brother and friend.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀροτρίαplowV3 PAD2S · ἀροτριάωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἀροτρία: verbal form rendered 'plow' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ψεῦδοςa lieN3E ASN · ψεῦδοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationψεῦδος: lexical item rendered 'a lie' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐπ'uponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπ': preposition rendered 'upon' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἀδελφῷagainst your brotherN2 DSM · ἀδελφόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἀδελφῷ: lexical item rendered 'against your brother' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
μηδὲnorC · μηδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageμηδὲ: connective or conjunction rendered 'nor' in this chapter's argument flow.
φίλῳto a friendA1 DSM · φίλοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceφίλῳ: lexical item rendered 'to a friend' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ὅμοιονsameA1A ASN · ὅμοιοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationὅμοιον: lexical item rendered 'same' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ποίειdoV2 PAD2S · ποιέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceποίει: verbal form rendered 'do' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
13
μὴ θέλε ψεύδεσθαι πᾶν ψεῦδος ὁ γὰρ ἐνδελεχισμὸς αὐτοῦ οὐκ εἰς ἀγαθόν
Do not wish to utter any lie, for persistence in it leads to no good.
The hearer is warned against any habitual lying because its end is never good.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
θέλεwishV1 PAD2S · θέλωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceθέλε: verbal form rendered 'wish' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ψεύδεσθαιto lieV1 PMN · ψεύδωinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceψεύδεσθαι: verbal form rendered 'to lie' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
πᾶνanyA3 ASN · πᾶςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπᾶν: lexical item rendered 'any' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ψεῦδοςa lieN3E ASN · ψεῦδοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationψεῦδος: lexical item rendered 'a lie' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὁthe one whoRA NSM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingὁ: Greek article rendered 'the one who' and marking the noun phrase in context.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐνδελεχισμὸςhabitN2 NSM · ἐνδελεχισμόςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐνδελεχισμὸς: lexical item rendered 'habit' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSN · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his' with reference set by the immediate context.
οὐκnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐκ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
εἰςagainstP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'against' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἀγαθόνgoodA1 ASM · ἀγαθόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀγαθόν: lexical item rendered 'good' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
14
μὴ ἀδολέσχει ἐν πλήθει πρεσβυτέρων καὶ μὴ δευτερώσῃς λόγον ἐν προσευχῇ σου
Do not chatter in the assembly of elders, and do not repeat a word in your prayer.
Verbose display before elders and empty repetition in prayer alike are rejected.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀδολέσχειchatterV2 PAD2S · ἀδολεσχέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἀδολέσχει: verbal form rendered 'chatter' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
πλήθειmultitudeN3E DSN · πλῆθοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπλήθει: lexical item rendered 'multitude' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
πρεσβυτέρωνof eldersN2 GPM · πρεσβύτεροςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπρεσβυτέρων: lexical item rendered 'of elders' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δευτερώσῃςrepeatVA AAS2S · δευτερόωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeδευτερώσῃς: verbal form rendered 'repeat' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
λόγονa wordN2 ASM · λόγοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationλόγον: lexical item rendered 'a word' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
προσευχῇin prayerN1 DSF · προσευχήdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπροσευχῇ: lexical item rendered 'in prayer' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
15
μὴ μισήσῃς ἐπίπονον ἐργασίαν καὶ γεωργίαν ὑπὸ ὑψίστου ἐκτισμένην
Do not hate painful labor and farming created by the Most High.
Painful labor is to be honored rather than despised because it belongs to the Creator's order.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μισήσῃςhateVA AAS2S · μισέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeμισήσῃς: verbal form rendered 'hate' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐπίπονονpainfulA1B ASF · ἐπίπονοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἐπίπονον: lexical item rendered 'painful' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐργασίανlaborN1A ASF · ἐργασίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἐργασίαν: lexical item rendered 'labor' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
γεωργίανfarmingN1A ASF · γεωργίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationγεωργίαν: lexical item rendered 'farming' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὑπὸbyP · ὑπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὸ: preposition rendered 'by' and governing its phrase in this context.
ὑψίστουthe Most HighA1 GSM · ὕψιστοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationὑψίστου: lexical item rendered 'the Most High' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐκτισμένηνcreatedVT · χμπασφ κτίζωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἐκτισμένην: verbal form rendered 'created' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
16
μὴ προσλογίζου σεαυτὸν ἐν πλήθει ἁμαρτωλῶν μνήσθητι ὅτι ὀργὴ οὐ χρονιεῖ
Do not count yourself among the multitude of sinners; remember that wrath will not delay.
The sinner must not feel safe in the crowd, since divine wrath does not truly delay.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
προσλογίζουcount yourselfV1 PMD2S · λογίζομαι + προςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceπροσλογίζου: verbal form rendered 'count yourself' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σεαυτὸνyourselfRD ASM · σεαυτοῦpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσεαυτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'yourself' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
πλήθειmultitudeN3E DSN · πλῆθοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπλήθει: lexical item rendered 'multitude' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἁμαρτωλῶνamong sinnersA1B GPM · ἁμαρτωλόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἁμαρτωλῶν: lexical item rendered 'among sinners' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μνήσθητιrememberVS APD2S · μιμνήσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextμνήσθητι: verbal form rendered 'remember' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageὅτι: connective or conjunction rendered 'that' in this chapter's argument flow.
ὀργὴwrathN1 NSF · ὀργήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceὀργὴ: lexical item rendered 'wrath' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
οὐnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
χρονιεῖwill delayVF2 FAI3S · χρονίζωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultχρονιεῖ: verbal form rendered 'will delay' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
17
ταπείνωσον σφόδρα τὴν ψυχήν σου ὅτι ἐκδίκησις ἀσεβοῦς πῦρ καὶ σκώληξ
Humble your soul greatly, for the vengeance of the ungodly is fire and worm.
The proper response is profound humility before the final punishment of the ungodly.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ταπείνωσονhumbleVA AAD2S · ταπεινόωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeταπείνωσον: verbal form rendered 'humble' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σφόδραgreatlyD · σφόδραadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastσφόδρα: lexical item rendered 'greatly' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationψυχήν: lexical item rendered 'soul' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageὅτι: connective or conjunction rendered 'that' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐκδίκησιςvengeanceN3I NSF · ἐκδικήσιςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceἐκδίκησις: lexical item rendered 'vengeance' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀσεβοῦςof the ungodlyA3H GSM · ἀσεβήςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἀσεβοῦς: lexical item rendered 'of the ungodly' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
πῦρfireN3 NSN · πῦρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceπῦρ: lexical item rendered 'fire' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
σκώληξwormN3K NSM · σκώληξnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceσκώληξ: lexical item rendered 'worm' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
18
μὴ ἀλλάξῃς φίλον ἕνεκεν διαφόρου μηδὲ ἀδελφὸν γνήσιον ἐν χρυσίῳ Σουφιρ
Do not exchange a friend for gain, nor a true brother for the gold of Ophir.
Gain must never purchase the loss of true friendship or brotherhood.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀλλάξῃςexchangeVA AAS2S · ἀλλάσσωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἀλλάξῃς: verbal form rendered 'exchange' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
φίλονa friendA1 ASM · φίλοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationφίλον: lexical item rendered 'a friend' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἕνεκενfor the sake ofP · ἕνεκενpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἕνεκεν: preposition rendered 'for the sake of' and governing its phrase in this context.
διαφόρουgainA1B GSM · διάφοροςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδιαφόρου: lexical item rendered 'gain' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μηδὲnorC · μηδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageμηδὲ: connective or conjunction rendered 'nor' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀδελφὸνa brotherN2 ASM · ἀδελφόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀδελφὸν: lexical item rendered 'a brother' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
γνήσιονtrueA1A ASM · γνήσιοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationγνήσιον: lexical item rendered 'true' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
χρυσίῳfor goldN2N DSN · χρυσίονdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceχρυσίῳ: lexical item rendered 'for gold' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
Σουφιρof OphirN GS · Σουφιρnominal element functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant identificationΣουφιρ: lexical item rendered 'of Ophir' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
19
μὴ ἀστόχει γυναικὸς σοφῆς καὶ ἀγαθῆς ἡ γὰρ χάρις αὐτῆς ὑπὲρ τὸ χρυσίον
Do not miss the mark with a wise and good wife, for her grace is worth more than gold.
A wise and good wife is to be prized above material wealth.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀστόχειmiss the mark withV2 PAD2S · ἀστοχέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἀστόχει: verbal form rendered 'miss the mark with' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
γυναικὸςa wifeN3K GSF · γυνήgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationγυναικὸς: lexical item rendered 'a wife' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοφῆςwiseA1 GSF · σοφόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationσοφῆς: lexical item rendered 'wise' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀγαθῆςgoodA1 GSF · ἀγαθόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἀγαθῆς: lexical item rendered 'good' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
χάριςgraceN3 NSF · χάριςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχάρις: lexical item rendered 'grace' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτῆςherRD GSF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῆς: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
ὑπὲρbeyondP · ὑπέρpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingὑπὲρ: preposition rendered 'beyond' and governing its phrase in this context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
χρυσίονgoldN2N ASN · χρυσίονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationχρυσίον: lexical item rendered 'gold' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
20
μὴ κακώσῃς οἰκέτην ἐργαζόμενον ἐν ἀληθείᾳ μηδὲ μίσθιον διδόντα τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ
Do not mistreat a servant who works in truth, nor a hired laborer who gives his soul.
Justice extends to servants and hired workers who labor faithfully at the cost of themselves.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
κακώσῃςmistreatVA AAS2S · κακόωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeκακώσῃς: verbal form rendered 'mistreat' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
οἰκέτηνa servantN1M ASM · οἰκέτηςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationοἰκέτην: lexical item rendered 'a servant' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐργαζόμενονworkingV1 · πμπασμ ἐργάζομαιfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἐργαζόμενον: verbal form rendered 'working' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ἀληθείᾳin truthN1A DSF · ἀλήθειαdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἀληθείᾳ: lexical item rendered 'in truth' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μηδὲnorC · μηδέconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageμηδὲ: connective or conjunction rendered 'nor' in this chapter's argument flow.
μίσθιονa hired laborerA1A ASM · μίσθιοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationμίσθιον: lexical item rendered 'a hired laborer' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
διδόνταgivingV8 · παπασμ δίδωμιparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextδιδόντα: verbal form rendered 'giving' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ψυχὴνhis soulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationψυχὴν: lexical item rendered 'his soul' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his' with reference set by the immediate context.
21
οἰκέτην συνετὸν ἀγαπάτω σου ἡ ψυχή μὴ στερήσῃς αὐτὸν ἐλευθερίας
Let your soul love an intelligent servant; do not deprive him of freedom.
The wise servant should be loved and not treated as disposable property.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
οἰκέτηνa servantN1M ASM · οἰκέτηςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationοἰκέτην: lexical item rendered 'a servant' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
συνετὸνintelligentA1 ASM · συνετόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationσυνετὸν: lexical item rendered 'intelligent' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀγαπάτωlet loveV3 PAD3S · ἀγαπάωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἀγαπάτω: verbal form rendered 'let love' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ψυχήsoulN1 NSF · ψυχήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceψυχή: lexical item rendered 'soul' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
στερήσῃςdepriveVA AAS2S · στερέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeστερήσῃς: verbal form rendered 'deprive' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτὸνhimRD ASM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὸν: pronominal form rendered 'him' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐλευθερίαςof freedomN1A GSF · ἐλευθερίαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἐλευθερίας: lexical item rendered 'of freedom' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
22
κτήνη σοί ἐστιν ἐπισκέπτου αὐτά καὶ εἰ ἔστιν σοι χρήσιμα ἐμμενέτω σοι
Do you have cattle? Look after them, and if they are useful to you, let them remain with you.
Even livestock fall within responsible stewardship and ongoing care.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
κτήνηcattleN3E APN · κτῆνοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκτήνη: lexical item rendered 'cattle' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοίto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοί: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐστινthere areV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐστιν: verbal form rendered 'there are' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐπισκέπτουlook afterV1 PMD2S · σκέπτομαι + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐπισκέπτου: verbal form rendered 'look after' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτάthemRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτά: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
εἰifC · εἰconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastεἰ: connective or conjunction rendered 'if' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἔστινthere isV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔστιν: verbal form rendered 'there is' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
χρήσιμαusefulA1 APN · χρήσιμοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationχρήσιμα: lexical item rendered 'useful' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐμμενέτωlet them remainV1 PAD3S · μένω + ἐνfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐμμενέτω: verbal form rendered 'let them remain' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
23
τέκνα σοί ἐστιν παίδευσον αὐτὰ καὶ κάμψον ἐκ νεότητος τὸν τράχηλον αὐτῶν
Do you have children? Discipline them, and bend their neck from youth.
Children are to be disciplined early and intentionally.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
τέκναchildrenN2N APN · τέκνονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationτέκνα: lexical item rendered 'children' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοίto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοί: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐστινthere areV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐστιν: verbal form rendered 'there are' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
παίδευσονdisciplineVA AAD2S · παιδεύωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπαίδευσον: verbal form rendered 'discipline' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτὰthemRD APN · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὰ: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
κάμψονbendVA AAD2S · κάμπτωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeκάμψον: verbal form rendered 'bend' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
νεότητοςyouthN3T GSF · νεότηςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationνεότητος: lexical item rendered 'youth' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
τράχηλονneckN2 ASM · τράχηλοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationτράχηλον: lexical item rendered 'neck' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
24
θυγατέρες σοί εἰσιν πρόσεχε τῷ σώματι αὐτῶν καὶ μὴ ἱλαρώσῃς πρὸς αὐτὰς τὸ πρόσωπόν σου
Do you have daughters? Watch over their body, and do not make your face cheerful toward them.
Daughters require vigilant care and prudent reserve.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
θυγατέρεςdaughtersN3 NPF · θυγάτηρnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceθυγατέρες: lexical item rendered 'daughters' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοίto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοί: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
εἰσινthere areV9 PAI3P · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceεἰσιν: verbal form rendered 'there are' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
πρόσεχεwatch overV1 PAD2S · ἔχω + προςverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceπρόσεχε: verbal form rendered 'watch over' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τῷtheRA DSN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῷ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
σώματιtheir bodyN3M DSN · σῶμαdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceσώματι: lexical item rendered 'their body' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἱλαρώσῃςmake cheerfulVA AAS2S · ἱλαρύνωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἱλαρώσῃς: verbal form rendered 'make cheerful' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
πρὸςtowardP · πρόςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingπρὸς: preposition rendered 'toward' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὐτὰςthemRD APF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτὰς: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
τὸtheRA ASN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πρόσωπόνfaceN2N ASN · πρόσωπονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπρόσωπόν: lexical item rendered 'face' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
25
ἔκδου θυγατέρα καὶ ἔσῃ τετελεκὼς ἔργον μέγα καὶ ἀνδρὶ συνετῷ δώρησαι αὐτήν
Give a daughter in marriage, and you will have completed a great work, and give her to an understanding man.
Arranging a daughter's marriage wisely is treated as a major parental duty.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἔκδουgive in marriageV2 PMD2S · δέω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἔκδου: verbal form rendered 'give in marriage' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
θυγατέραa daughterN3 ASF · θυγάτηρaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationθυγατέρα: lexical item rendered 'a daughter' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἔσῃyou will beVF FMI2S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἔσῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will be' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τετελεκὼςhaving completedVX · χαπνσμ τελέωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ perfective state resulting from prior actionτετελεκὼς: verbal form rendered 'having completed' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἔργονa workN2N ASN · ἔργονaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἔργον: lexical item rendered 'a work' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μέγαgreatA1P ASN · μέγαςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationμέγα: lexical item rendered 'great' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀνδρὶto a manN3 DSM · ἀνήρdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceἀνδρὶ: lexical item rendered 'to a man' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
συνετῷunderstandingA1 DSM · συνετόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceσυνετῷ: lexical item rendered 'understanding' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δώρησαιgiveVA AMD2S · δωρέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeδώρησαι: verbal form rendered 'give' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτήν: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
26
γυνή σοί ἐστιν κατὰ ψυχήν μὴ ἐκβάλῃς αὐτήν καὶ μισουμένῃ μὴ ἐμπιστεύσῃς σεαυτόν
Do you have a wife after your own soul? Do not cast her out, and do not trust yourself to one who is hated.
The fitting wife is not to be cast out, while an untrustworthy attachment must not receive the self's confidence.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
γυνήa wifeN3K NSF · γυνήnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceγυνή: lexical item rendered 'a wife' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοίto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοί: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐστινthere areV9 PAI3S · εἰμίfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐστιν: verbal form rendered 'there are' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
κατὰafterP · κατάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingκατὰ: preposition rendered 'after' and governing its phrase in this context.
ψυχήνsoulN1 ASF · ψυχήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationψυχήν: lexical item rendered 'soul' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐκβάλῃςcast outVB AAS2S · βάλλω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐκβάλῃς: verbal form rendered 'cast out' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτήνherRD ASF · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceαὐτήν: pronominal form rendered 'her' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μισουμένῃto one hatedV2 · πμπδσφ μισέωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextμισουμένῃ: verbal form rendered 'to one hated' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐμπιστεύσῃςtrustVA AAS2S · πιστεύω + ἐνverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐμπιστεύσῃς: verbal form rendered 'trust' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σεαυτόνyourselfRD ASM · σεαυτοῦpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσεαυτόν: pronominal form rendered 'yourself' with reference set by the immediate context.
27
ἐν ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ σου δόξασον τὸν πατέρα σου καὶ μητρὸς ὠδῖνας μὴ ἐπιλάθῃ
With all your heart glorify your father, and do not forget the birth pangs of your mother.
Turns to filial piety, calling for wholehearted honor toward the father and grateful memory of the mother's labor.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ὅλῃwholeA1 DSF · ὅλοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceὅλῃ: lexical item rendered 'whole' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καρδίᾳheartN1A DSF · καρδίαdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceκαρδίᾳ: lexical item rendered 'heart' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
δόξασονglorifyVA AAD2S · δοξάζωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeδόξασον: verbal form rendered 'glorify' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
πατέραfatherN3 ASM · πατήρaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationπατέρα: lexical item rendered 'father' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μητρὸςof motherN3 GSF · μήτηρgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationμητρὸς: lexical item rendered 'of mother' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὠδῖναςbirth pangsN3 APF · ὠδίνaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationὠδῖνας: lexical item rendered 'birth pangs' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐπιλάθῃforgetVB AMS2S · λανθάνω + ἐπιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextἐπιλάθῃ: verbal form rendered 'forget' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
28
μνήσθητι ὅτι δι' αὐτῶν ἐγεννήθης καὶ τί ἀνταποδώσεις αὐτοῖς καθὼς αὐτοὶ σοί
Remember that through them you were born, and what will you repay them equal to what they gave you?
Such honor is grounded in the irrepayable debt owed to those through whom one was born.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
μνήσθητιrememberVS APD2S · μιμνήσκωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextμνήσθητι: verbal form rendered 'remember' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὅτιthatC · ὅτιconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageὅτι: connective or conjunction rendered 'that' in this chapter's argument flow.
δι'throughP · διάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingδι': preposition rendered 'through' and governing its phrase in this context.
αὐτῶνthemRD GPM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτῶν: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἐγεννήθηςyou were bornVCI API2S · γεννάωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐγεννήθης: verbal form rendered 'you were born' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
τίwhatRI ASN · τίςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceτί: pronominal form rendered 'what' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἀνταποδώσειςwill you repayVF FAI2S · δίδωμι + ἀντι ἀποfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἀνταποδώσεις: verbal form rendered 'will you repay' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτοῖςthemRD DPM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτοῖς: pronominal form rendered 'them' with reference set by the immediate context.
καθὼςasC · καθώςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαθὼς: connective or conjunction rendered 'as' in this chapter's argument flow.
αὐτοὶtheyRD NPM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant prominenceαὐτοὶ: pronominal form rendered 'they' with reference set by the immediate context.
σοίto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοί: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
29
ἐν ὅλῃ ψυχῇ σου εὐλαβοῦ τὸν κύριον καὶ τοὺς ἱερεῖς αὐτοῦ θαύμαζε
With all your soul fear the Lord, and marvel at his priests.
Reverence for the Lord includes honoring his priests.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ὅλῃwholeA1 DSF · ὅλοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceὅλῃ: lexical item rendered 'whole' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ψυχῇsoulN1 DSF · ψυχήdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceψυχῇ: lexical item rendered 'soul' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
εὐλαβοῦfearV2 PMD2S · εὐλαβέομαιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceεὐλαβοῦ: verbal form rendered 'fear' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκύριον: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἱερεῖςpriestsN3V APM · ἱερεύςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἱερεῖς: lexical item rendered 'priests' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his' with reference set by the immediate context.
θαύμαζεmarvel atV1 PAD2S · θαυμάζωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceθαύμαζε: verbal form rendered 'marvel at' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
30
ἐν ὅλῃ δυνάμει ἀγάπησον τὸν ποιήσαντά σε καὶ τοὺς λειτουργοὺς αὐτοῦ μὴ ἐγκαταλίπῃς
With all your strength love the one who made you, and do not forsake his ministers.
Love for the Creator and fidelity to his ministers are bound together.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
ὅλῃwholeA1 DSF · ὅλοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceὅλῃ: lexical item rendered 'whole' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δυνάμειstrengthN3I DSF · δύναμιςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceδυνάμει: lexical item rendered 'strength' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀγάπησονloveVA AAD2S · ἀγαπάωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἀγάπησον: verbal form rendered 'love' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ποιήσαντάthe one who madeVA · ααπασμ ποιέωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextποιήσαντά: verbal form rendered 'the one who made' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σεyouRP AS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant referenceσε: pronominal form rendered 'you' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
τοὺςtheRA APM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοὺς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
λειτουργοὺςministersN2 APM · λειτουργόςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationλειτουργοὺς: lexical item rendered 'ministers' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτοῦhisRD GSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationαὐτοῦ: pronominal form rendered 'his' with reference set by the immediate context.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐγκαταλίπῃςforsakeVB AAS2S · λείπω + ἐν + καταverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἐγκαταλίπῃς: verbal form rendered 'forsake' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
31
φοβοῦ τὸν κύριον καὶ δόξασον ἱερέα καὶ δὸς τὴν μερίδα αὐτῷ καθὼς ἐντέταλταί σοι ἀπαρχὴν καὶ περὶ πλημμελείας καὶ δόσιν βραχιόνων καὶ θυσίαν ἁγιασμοῦ καὶ ἀπαρχὴν ἁγίων
Fear the Lord and honor the priest, and give him his portion as it has been commanded you: firstfruits and the offering for trespass and the gift of the shoulders and the sacrifice of sanctification and the firstfruits of the holy things.
Temple dues and priestly portions are commanded as concrete expressions of reverence.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
φοβοῦfearV2 PMD2S · φοβέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceφοβοῦ: verbal form rendered 'fear' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
κύριονthe LordN2 ASM · κύριοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationκύριον: lexical item rendered 'the Lord' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
δόξασονglorifyVA AAD2S · δοξάζωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeδόξασον: verbal form rendered 'glorify' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἱερέαthe priestN3V ASM · ἱερεύςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἱερέα: lexical item rendered 'the priest' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
δὸςgiveVO AAD2S · δίδωμιverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeδὸς: verbal form rendered 'give' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
μερίδαportionN3D ASF · μερίςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationμερίδα: lexical item rendered 'portion' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
αὐτῷto himRD DSM · αὐτόςpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestαὐτῷ: pronominal form rendered 'to him' with reference set by the immediate context.
καθὼςasC · καθώςconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkage or contrastκαθὼς: connective or conjunction rendered 'as' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐντέταλταίit has been commandedVM XMI3S · τέλλομαι + ἐνfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ perfective state resulting from prior actionἐντέταλταί: verbal form rendered 'it has been commanded' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σοιto youRP DS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ participant reference or interestσοι: pronominal form rendered 'to you' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἀπαρχὴνfirstfruitsN1 ASF · ἀπαρχήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀπαρχὴν: lexical item rendered 'firstfruits' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
περὶforP · περίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingπερὶ: preposition rendered 'for' and governing its phrase in this context.
πλημμελείαςtrespassN1A GSF · πλημμέλειαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπλημμελείας: lexical item rendered 'trespass' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
δόσινgiftN3I ASF · δόσιςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationδόσιν: lexical item rendered 'gift' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
βραχιόνωνof shouldersN3N GPM · βραχίωνgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationβραχιόνων: lexical item rendered 'of shoulders' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
θυσίανsacrificeN1A ASF · θυσίαaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationθυσίαν: lexical item rendered 'sacrifice' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἁγιασμοῦof sanctificationN2 GSM · ἁγιασμόςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἁγιασμοῦ: lexical item rendered 'of sanctification' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἀπαρχὴνfirstfruitsN1 ASF · ἀπαρχήaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἀπαρχὴν: lexical item rendered 'firstfruits' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἁγίωνof holy thingsA1A GPN · ἅγιοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationἁγίων: lexical item rendered 'of holy things' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
32
καὶ πτωχῷ ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου ἵνα τελειωθῇ ἡ εὐλογία σου
And stretch out your hand to the poor, so that your blessing may be completed.
Generosity to the poor completes the blessing attached to one's giving.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
πτωχῷto the poorN2 DSM · πτωχόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπτωχῷ: lexical item rendered 'to the poor' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἔκτεινονstretch outVA AAD2S · τείνω + ἐκverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἔκτεινον: verbal form rendered 'stretch out' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὴνtheRA ASF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὴν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
χεῖράhandN3 ASF · χείρaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationχεῖρά: lexical item rendered 'hand' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
ἵναso thatC · ἵναsubordinating conjunction marking purpose or result→ discourse linkageἵνα: connective or conjunction rendered 'so that' in this chapter's argument flow.
τελειωθῇmay be completedVC APS3S · τελειόωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeτελειωθῇ: verbal form rendered 'may be completed' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἡtheRA NSF · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingἡ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
εὐλογίαblessingN1A NSF · εὐλογίαnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceεὐλογία: lexical item rendered 'blessing' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
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χάρις δόματος ἔναντι παντὸς ζῶντος καὶ ἐπὶ νεκρῷ μὴ ἀποκωλύσῃς χάριν
Let the favor of a gift be before every living person, and do not withhold kindness from the dead.
Kindness is widened to every living person and even to the memory of the dead.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
χάριςgraceN3 NSF · χάριςnominative element functioning as subject, predicate, or apposition→ participant prominenceχάρις: lexical item rendered 'grace' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
δόματοςof a giftN3M GSN · δόμαgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationδόματος: lexical item rendered 'of a gift' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἔναντιbeforeP · ἔναντιpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἔναντι: preposition rendered 'before' and governing its phrase in this context.
παντὸςeveryA3 GSM · πᾶςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationπαντὸς: lexical item rendered 'every' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ζῶντοςliving oneV3 · παπγσμ ζάωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextζῶντος: verbal form rendered 'living one' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
ἐπὶuponP · ἐπίpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐπὶ: preposition rendered 'upon' and governing its phrase in this context.
νεκρῷthe deadN2 DSM · νεκρόςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceνεκρῷ: lexical item rendered 'the dead' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀποκωλύσῃςwithholdVA AAS2S · κωλύω + ἀποverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeἀποκωλύσῃς: verbal form rendered 'withhold' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
χάρινkindnessN3 ASF · χάριςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationχάριν: lexical item rendered 'kindness' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
34
μὴ ὑστέρει ἀπὸ κλαιόντων καὶ μετὰ πενθούντων πένθησον
Do not hold back from those who weep, and mourn with those who mourn.
Compassion requires solidarity with mourners rather than distance from them.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὑστέρειhold backV2 PAD2S · ὑστερέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceὑστέρει: verbal form rendered 'hold back' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀπὸfromP · ἀπόpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἀπὸ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
κλαιόντωνthose who weepV1 · παπγπμ κλαίωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextκλαιόντων: verbal form rendered 'those who weep' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
μετὰwithP · μετάpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingμετὰ: preposition rendered 'with' and governing its phrase in this context.
πενθούντωνthose who mournV2 · παπγπμ πενθέωparticipial verbal form describing an accompanying state or action→ verbal force shaped by the clause contextπενθούντων: verbal form rendered 'those who mourn' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
πένθησονmournVA AAD2S · πενθέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ aorist portrayal of the action as a complete wholeπένθησον: verbal form rendered 'mourn' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
35
μὴ ὄκνει ἐπισκέπτεσθαι ἄρρωστον ἄνθρωπον ἐκ γὰρ τῶν τοιούτων ἀγαπηθήσῃ
Do not hesitate to visit a sick person, for from such things you will be loved.
Visiting the sick becomes a path to love and social faithfulness.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
μὴdo notD · μήnegative particle qualifying the command or clause→ discourse linkage or contrastμὴ: lexical item rendered 'do not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ὄκνειhesitateV2 PAD2S · ὀκνέωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceὄκνει: verbal form rendered 'hesitate' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐπισκέπτεσθαιto visitV1 PMN · σκέπτομαι + ἐπιinfinitive expressing the action or aim of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceἐπισκέπτεσθαι: verbal form rendered 'to visit' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἄρρωστονa sickA1B ASM · ἄρρωστοςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἄρρωστον: lexical item rendered 'a sick' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἄνθρωπονa personN2 ASM · ἄνθρωποςaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἄνθρωπον: lexical item rendered 'a person' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἐκfromP · ἐκpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐκ: preposition rendered 'from' and governing its phrase in this context.
γὰρforX · γάρconjunction introducing an explanation or ground→ discourse linkageγὰρ: connective or conjunction rendered 'for' in this chapter's argument flow.
τῶνof theRA GPN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτῶν: Greek article rendered 'of the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
τοιούτωνsuch thingsA1 GPN · τοιοῦτοςgenitive modifier within the phrase→ relational specificationτοιούτων: lexical item rendered 'such things' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἀγαπηθήσῃyou will be lovedVC FPI2S · ἀγαπάωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἀγαπηθήσῃ: verbal form rendered 'you will be loved' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
36
ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς λόγοις σου μιμνῄσκου τὰ ἔσχατά σου καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα οὐχ ἁμαρτήσεις
In all your words remember your last things, and you will never sin.
Closes by gathering all its admonitions under remembrance of the end, which guards the hearer from sin.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
ἐνinP · ἐνpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingἐν: preposition rendered 'in' and governing its phrase in this context.
πᾶσιallA3 DPM · πᾶςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceπᾶσι: lexical item rendered 'all' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τοῖςtheRA DPM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτοῖς: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
λόγοιςwordsN2 DPM · λόγοςdative element marking reference, means, or indirect object→ sphere or referenceλόγοις: lexical item rendered 'words' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
μιμνῄσκουrememberV1 PMD2S · μιμνήσκωverbal form carrying the action or command of the clause→ present or ongoing verbal forceμιμνῄσκου: verbal form rendered 'remember' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
τὰtheRA APN · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὰ: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
ἔσχατάlast thingsA1 APN · ἔσχατοaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationἔσχατά: lexical item rendered 'last things' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
σουyourRP GS · σύpronominal form functioning within the clause or phrase→ relational specificationσου: pronominal form rendered 'your' with reference set by the immediate context.
καὶandC · καίconnective or conjunction linking the clause to its context→ discourse linkageκαὶ: connective or conjunction rendered 'and' in this chapter's argument flow.
εἰςagainstP · εἰςpreposition governing the following phrase→ spatial or relational framingεἰς: preposition rendered 'against' and governing its phrase in this context.
τὸνtheRA ASM · ὁarticle marking the noun phrase→ noun-phrase markingτὸν: Greek article rendered 'the' and marking the noun phrase in context.
αἰῶναforeverN3W ASM · αἰώνaccusative term functioning as object, measure, or goal→ object specificationαἰῶνα: lexical item rendered 'forever' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
οὐχnotD · οὐadverbial modifier sharpening the clause→ discourse linkage or contrastοὐχ: lexical item rendered 'not' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.
ἁμαρτήσειςyou will sinVF FAI2S · ἁμαρτάνωfinite verb advancing the action or assertion of the clause→ future promise or projected resultἁμαρτήσεις: verbal form rendered 'you will sin' in this chapter's chain of sapiential commands.